Manufacturing method of substances containing carbonates

Abstract

To provide a manufacturing method of substances containing carbonates, capable of achieving high carbonation efficiency with a small work load.SOLUTION: A manufacturing method of substances containing carbonates includes: a first step of supplying water to substances to be carbonated; a second step of supplying carbon dioxide to the substances to be carbonated and bringing the substances to be carbonated into contact with the carbon dioxide via the water; and a third step of irradiating microwave to the substances to be carbonated in the sate that the substances to be carbonized is supplied with the carbon dioxide; thus substances containing carbonates wherein the substances to be carbonized are carbonated by the carbon dioxide are obtained.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a carbonate-containing material. [Background technology]

[0002] Various decarbonization technologies are being considered to achieve carbon neutrality. Among them, carbonate and concrete-related carbon dioxide fixation technology is easier to put into practical use than other carbon dioxide-based technologies, and carbon dioxide fixation technology has great potential.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a roadbed material characterized by solidifying and agglomerating slag using calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate produced from slag by a carbonation reaction as a binder. Patent Document 2 discloses a carbonation treatment method characterized by supplying carbon dioxide-containing gas to steelmaking slag and intermittently or continuously stirring the slag to carbonate the steelmaking slag. Patent Document 3 discloses a carbonation method for a CaO-containing material in which a carbon dioxide-containing gas is sprayed onto the CaO-containing material while the temperature of the CaO-containing material is between 400°C and 1200°C. Patent Document 4 discloses a method for producing a carbon dioxide-adsorbing sintered body by irradiating a mixture of coal ash and a Ca source with microwaves to raise the temperature above the sintering temperature to obtain a sintered body, and then adsorbing carbon dioxide in the combustion exhaust gas onto the sintered body as the temperature of the sintered body decreases. Patent Document 5 discloses a carbonate production plant characterized by comprising a process for extracting at least one of calcium and magnesium, a process for separating the residue after the extract is extracted, and a precipitation process for heating the extracted water. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-21153 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-234332 [Patent Document 3] International Publication No. 2022 / 264668 [Patent Document 4] International Publication No. 2021 / 186531 [Patent Document 5] International Publication No. 2022 / 137297 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, conventional methods have a problem of heavy workload. Patent Document 1 requires blowing carbon dioxide gas or a carbon dioxide-containing gas into a slag pile or packed bed to carbonate and agglomerate the slag. Patent Document 2 also requires intermittent or continuous stirring to carbonate the steelmaking slag. Patent Document 3 requires raising the atmospheric temperature to 400°C or higher during carbonation. Patent Document 4 requires sintering the mixture by irradiating it with microwaves to 800°C or higher. Patent Document 5 requires many steps, such as an extraction step, a heating step, and a dehydration step. Therefore, there has been a demand for a method for producing a carbonate-containing material that can achieve high carbonation efficiency with a small workload.

[0006] In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a carbonate-containing material that can achieve high carbonation efficiency with a small workload. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have discovered the following: By supplying water to a substance to be carbonated, metal ions can be eluted from the substance to be carbonated into the water. When the metal ions and carbon dioxide are brought into contact with each other via water, they can be further irradiated with microwaves to efficiently obtain a carbonate-containing substance.

[0008] That is, the gist and configuration of the present invention are as follows.

[0009] [1] A first step of supplying water to a substance to be carbonated; a second step of supplying carbon dioxide to the substance to be carbonated and bringing the substance to be carbonated into contact with the carbon dioxide via the water; a third step of irradiating the substance to be carbonated with microwaves while the carbon dioxide is being supplied to the substance to be carbonated; The method for producing a carbonate-containing material comprises the steps of: obtaining a carbonate-containing material by carbonate-containing the substance to be carbonated with the carbon dioxide.

[0010] [2] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material described in [1] above, wherein after the first step, the second step and the third step are carried out simultaneously by supplying carbon dioxide gas to the substance to be carbonated while irradiating it with microwaves.

[0011] [3] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to [1] above, wherein the water is carbonated water, and the first and second steps are carried out simultaneously, and then the third step is carried out.

[0012] [4] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to any one of [1] to [3] above, wherein in the third step, the temperature of the material to be carbonated is maintained at 600°C or less.

[0013] [5] A method for producing a carbonate-containing material described in any one of [1] to [4] above, wherein the amount of water supplied in the first step is 1% by mass or more and 200% by mass or less relative to the mass of the substance to be carbonated.

[0014] [6] A method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to any one of [1] to [5] above, in which the first to third steps constitute one cycle, and multiple cycles are carried out, with a period for allowing the substance to be carbonated to cool between each cycle.

[0015] [7] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to [6] above, wherein the microwave irradiation time in each cycle is 1.0 second or more and 600 seconds or less.

[0016] [8] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to any one of [1] to [7] above, wherein the total microwave irradiation time is 0.5 minutes or more and 1440 minutes or less.

[0017] [9] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to any one of [1] to [8] above, wherein the microwave irradiation distance is 0.05 m or more and 2.0 m or less.

[0018]

[10] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to any one of [1] to [9] above, wherein the substance to be carbonated is a substance containing at least one selected from CaO, MgO, MnO, and Fe.

[0019]

[11] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to

[10] above, wherein the substance to be carbonated is steel slag.

[0020]

[12] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to

[11] above, wherein the iron and steel slag is steelmaking slag.

[0021]

[13] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to

[10] above, wherein the material to be carbonated is waste concrete.

[0022]

[14] The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to any one of [1] to

[13] above, wherein the maximum particle size of the substance to be carbonated is 53 mm or less. [Effects of the Invention]

[0023] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for producing a carbonate-containing material that can achieve high carbonation efficiency with a small workload. This allows for the easy production of a material with a large amount of fixed carbon dioxide, thereby contributing to the realization of carbon neutrality. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a production line capable of carrying out a method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to the present invention will be described. Note that the embodiment described below is an example of the present invention, and the configuration of the present invention is not limited to this specific example.

[0026] A method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a first step of supplying water to a substance to be carbonated, a second step of supplying carbon dioxide to the substance to be carbonated and bringing the substance to be carbonated into contact with the carbon dioxide via the water, and a third step of irradiating the substance to be carbonated with microwaves while the carbon dioxide has been supplied to the substance to be carbonated, thereby obtaining a carbonate-containing material in which the substance to be carbonated is carbonated with the carbon dioxide.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, after the first step of supplying water to the substance to be carbonated, the second and third steps may be carried out simultaneously by supplying carbon dioxide gas to the substance to be carbonated while irradiating it with microwaves to obtain a carbonate-containing substance.In another embodiment, the first and second steps may be carried out simultaneously by supplying carbonated water to the substance to be carbonated in the first step, and then the third step may be carried out to obtain a carbonate-containing substance.

[0028] [Substance to be carbonated] The substance to be carbonated is a substance that reacts with carbon dioxide to produce a carbonate-containing substance. The substance to be carbonated is preferably a substance containing at least one selected from CaO, MgO, MnO, and Fe. When the substance to be carbonated contains at least one selected from CaO, MgO, MnO, and Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Fe can be dissolved from the substance to be carbonated into water as ions when water is supplied. Furthermore, the substance to be carbonated preferably contains T-Fe as Fe. The total content of CaO, MgO, MnO, and T-Fe in the substance to be carbonated is preferably 1 to 100 mass%.

[0029] As the substance to be carbonated, it is preferable to use steel slag, and steelmaking slag is more preferable, because it contains CaO, MgO, MnO, and T-Fe. For the same reason, it is preferable that the substance to be carbonated is waste concrete. In addition to steel slag and waste concrete, sludge, dust, etc. can also be used as the substance to be carbonated because the metal ions they contain can be dissolved in water by supplying water.

[0030] If the maximum particle size of the substance to be carbonated is 53 mm or less, the carbonation reaction in water can be suitably promoted. Therefore, the maximum particle size of the substance to be carbonated is preferably 53 mm or less, more preferably 4.75 mm or less, and even more preferably 2.36 mm or less. The term "large particle size" means that when sieved using a sieve with a nominal opening specified in JIS Z 8801-1:2019, the entire amount of the substance to be carbonated passes through the sieve with the corresponding nominal opening. On the other hand, there is no particular lower limit for the maximum particle size of the substance to be carbonated, but the maximum particle size is generally 0.001 mm or more.

[0031] [1st step] In the first step, water is supplied to the substance to be carbonated. If the amount of water supplied in the first step is 1% by mass or more relative to the mass of the substance to be carbonated, evaporation of water due to microwave irradiation can be effectively prevented, and the carbonation reaction can be effectively progressed. Therefore, the amount of water supplied in the first step is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, relative to the mass of the substance to be carbonated. On the other hand, if the amount of water supplied in the first step is 200% by mass or less relative to the mass of the substance to be carbonated, the effect of promoting the carbonation reaction by microwaves, which will be described later, can be effectively obtained. Therefore, the amount of water supplied in the first step is preferably 200% by mass or less, more preferably 100% by mass or less, relative to the mass of the substance to be carbonated. When carbonated water is supplied to the substance to be carbonated, the amount of carbonated water supplied is the amount of water supplied. Furthermore, when the first step is performed multiple times as described later, it is preferable that the amount of water supplied each time be within the above range.

[0032] The method for supplying water is not particularly limited, and water may be supplied by a general method. For example, water may be supplied in the form of a mist by spraying it onto the substance to be carbonated.

[0033] [Second process] In the second step, carbon dioxide is supplied to the substance to be carbonated, and the substance to be carbonated is brought into contact with the carbon dioxide via water. The method for supplying carbon dioxide is not particularly limited, and the carbon dioxide may be supplied as carbonated water or carbon dioxide gas. The amount of carbon dioxide supplied in the second step is an amount sufficient to produce carbonate from the substance to be carbonated.

[0034] When supplying carbonated water to the substance to be carbonated, if the concentration of the carbonated water is 1 GV or more, the carbon dioxide necessary for the carbonation reaction can be suitably supplied. Therefore, when supplying carbonated water to the substance to be carbonated, its concentration is preferably 1 GV or more. On the other hand, if the concentration of carbonated water is 10 GV or less, contact between the substance to be carbonated and carbon dioxide can be suitably obtained. Therefore, when supplying carbonated water to the substance to be carbonated, its concentration is preferably 10 GV or less. The amount of carbonated water supplied is as described above. Furthermore, when the second step is carried out multiple times as described below, it is preferable that the concentration of carbonated water in each time be within the above range.

[0035] When carbon dioxide gas is supplied to the substance to be carbonated, a flow rate of 0.1 L / g·min or more can provide the carbon dioxide necessary for the carbonation reaction. Therefore, a flow rate of 0.1 L / g·min or more is preferred. On the other hand, a flow rate of 10 L / g·min or less allows for favorable contact between water and carbon dioxide gas. Therefore, a flow rate of 10 L / g·min or less is preferred. Furthermore, when carbon dioxide gas is supplied to the substance to be carbonated, it can be a mixed gas (carbon dioxide-containing gas) containing other gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, and water vapor. In this case, a carbon dioxide concentration of 1% by volume or more in the carbon dioxide-containing gas can provide the carbon dioxide necessary for the carbonation reaction. Therefore, when carbon dioxide-containing gas is supplied to the substance to be carbonated, the carbon dioxide concentration is preferably 1% by volume or more. On the other hand, the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas is not particularly limited, and the carbon dioxide concentration may be 100% by volume. Furthermore, when the second step is performed multiple times as described below, it is preferred that the carbon dioxide concentration and flow rate in each step be within the above ranges.

[0036] [3rd step] In the third step, the substance to be carbonated is irradiated with microwaves. By irradiating with microwaves, it is possible to promote the carbonation reaction between ions such as Ca, Mg, Mn, and Fe in water and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, by irradiating with microwaves, it is possible to simultaneously dry the resulting carbonate-containing substance. In the third step, the frequency of the microwaves may be in any frequency range that can heat water, and is preferably 0.9 to 20 GHz. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of efficient carbonation, the microwave output is preferably 100 to 1500 W. Carbon dioxide may be continuously supplied during microwave irradiation.

[0037] When the microwave irradiation distance is 2.0 m or less, the carbonation reaction in water can be sufficiently promoted, and a carbonate-containing substance can be suitably obtained. Therefore, the microwave irradiation distance is preferably 2.0 m or less, and more preferably 1.0 m or less. On the other hand, when the microwave irradiation distance is 0.05 m or more, the irradiation area can be made uniform. Therefore, the microwave irradiation distance is preferably 0.05 m or more, and more preferably 0.1 m or more. In the present invention, the microwave irradiation distance is defined as the distance from the microwave irradiation source of the microwave supply device to the surface of the substance to be carbonated.

[0038] Generally, the temperature of the substance to be carbonated increases over time due to microwave irradiation. In particular, if the temperature of the substance to be carbonated exceeds 600°C, the generated carbonates will decompose. Therefore, in the third step, it is preferable to maintain the temperature of the substance to be carbonated at 600°C or below. On the other hand, although there is no particular lower limit for the temperature of the substance to be carbonated in the third step, the temperature of the substance to be carbonated will generally be 50°C or above.

[0039] [Multiple cycles] In one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to carry out multiple cycles, each cycle consisting of the first to third steps, with a period for allowing the substance to be carbonated to cool between cycles. By doing so, it is possible to adequately generate carbonates while suitably preventing the temperature of the substance to be carbonated from rising, as described above.

[0040] When multiple cycles are performed in the third step, if the minimum temperature after microwave irradiation in the previous cycle is 90°C or higher in the second or subsequent cycle, the water film between the carbonated substance and the carbon dioxide gas can be kept thin, sufficiently promoting the carbonation reaction and favorably obtaining a carbonate-containing substance. Therefore, in the third step, it is preferable to maintain the minimum temperature of the carbonated substance after microwave irradiation at 90°C or higher. On the other hand, it is preferable that the minimum temperature of the carbonated substance after microwave irradiation be 100°C or lower. The minimum temperature after microwave irradiation refers to the temperature of the carbonated substance after it has cooled after microwave irradiation and is immediately before it is heated by microwave irradiation in the next cycle.

[0041] When the microwave irradiation time in each cycle is 1.0 second or longer, the carbonation reaction in water can be promoted and the carbonate-containing substance can be suitably obtained. Therefore, the total microwave irradiation time is preferably 1.0 second or longer. On the other hand, when the microwave irradiation time in each cycle is 600 seconds or shorter, the temperature of the substance to be carbonated can be suitably prevented from becoming too high, and the generated carbon dioxide can be suitably prevented from decomposing. Therefore, the microwave irradiation time in each cycle is preferably 600 seconds or shorter.

[0042] When the total microwave irradiation time is 0.5 minutes or more, the carbonation reaction in water is sufficiently promoted, and a carbonate-containing substance can be suitably obtained. Therefore, the total microwave irradiation time is preferably 0.5 minutes or more, more preferably 1.0 minutes or more, and even more preferably 60 minutes or more. On the other hand, when the total microwave irradiation time is 1440 minutes or less, energy loss due to a decrease in carbonation efficiency can be avoided. Therefore, the microwave irradiation time The total is preferably 1440 minutes or less, more preferably 120 minutes or less.

[0043] The period during which the substance to be carbonated is allowed to cool between cycles is preferably 10 seconds or more from the viewpoint of inhibiting carbonate decomposition, while the period during which the substance to be carbonated is allowed to cool between cycles is preferably 60 seconds or less from the viewpoint of treatment efficiency.

[0044] A carbonate-containing substance can be obtained by the production method described above. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a production line 100 capable of implementing a carbonate-containing substance production method according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the production line 100, the substance to be carbonated is discharged from a hopper 10 and transported from left to right in FIG. 1 by a belt conveyor 12, passing through a line in which carbonated water dispensers and microwave radiators are alternately installed. Carbonated water 20 is supplied from the carbonated water dispenser while the substance to be carbonated is being transported, and microwaves 30 are irradiated from the microwave radiator. This process is repeated to produce a carbonate-containing substance. The carbonated water supply method is as described above. The cooling period between cycles can be adjusted by adjusting the spacing between the microwave radiators and the transport speed of the belt conveyor 12. Microwave leakage prevention mechanisms 40 are provided at both ends of the production line 100 to prevent microwave leakage. Alternatively, water may be supplied instead of carbonated water, and carbon dioxide gas may be supplied simultaneously with microwave irradiation.

[0045] A method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to one embodiment of the present invention can efficiently produce a carbonate-containing material from a substance to be carbonated. In other words, the method for producing a carbonate-containing material has high carbonation efficiency. Here, carbonation efficiency refers to the ratio of the amount of carbonate actually produced to the amount of carbonate that can be produced (the amount of carbonated substance that can be produced) calculated from the total amount of CaO, MgO, MnO, and Fe contained in the substance to be carbonated. In the present invention, the carbonation efficiency is 0.5% or more, preferably 1.0% or more, and more preferably 50.0% or more. On the other hand, there is no particular upper limit to the carbonation efficiency, and it may be 100.0%.

[0046] Carbonation efficiency can be measured by the following method. First, the amount of carbonated substance that can be produced is calculated from the total amount of CaO, MgO, MnO, and Fe contained in the substance to be carbonated. After producing a carbonate-containing substance from the substance to be carbonated, the carbonate content in the carbonate-containing substance is measured by thermogravimetric analysis. Carbonation efficiency can be calculated by dividing the measured carbonate content by the amount of carbonated substance that can be produced.

[0047] For steps and conditions not described in the present invention, conventional methods can be used. [Example]

[0048] Converter furnace slag with a maximum particle size of 2.36 mm was prepared as the material to be carbonated. Table 1 shows the composition of the converter furnace slag.

[0049] [Table 1]

[0050] In Nos. 1 to 16 shown in Table 2, water and carbon dioxide were supplied to 2 g of the substance to be carbonated, and microwave irradiation was performed. In the examples listed as "Water + carbon dioxide gas" in the "Water / carbon dioxide supply method" column of Table 2, water was sprayed onto the substance to be carbonated, and then carbon dioxide gas (100% by volume) was sprayed at 0.5 L / g·min while microwave irradiation was performed. On the other hand, in the examples listed as "Carbonated water spray" in the "Water / carbon dioxide supply method" column of Table 2, carbon dioxide with a concentration of 5 GV was sprayed onto the substance to be carbonated. After spraying the acid water, microwave irradiation was performed. In both methods, the amount of carbon dioxide supplied was sufficient to generate carbonate from the carbonation target material. The microwave irradiation conditions were a frequency of 2.45 GHz, an output of 500 W, and an irradiation distance of 0.1 m.

[0051] The above-mentioned supply of water and carbon dioxide and microwave irradiation constituted one cycle, and the temperature (maximum temperature) of the substance to be carbonated was measured with a thermocouple after each cycle. After the temperature measurement, the substance to be carbonated was allowed to cool for the time shown in Table 2, and then the temperature (minimum temperature) of the substance to be carbonated was measured. The same cycle and cooling were repeated until the total microwave irradiation time reached the value shown in Table 2, to obtain a carbonate-containing substance. Table 2 shows the amount of water supplied in one cycle for each example, the microwave irradiation time in one cycle, the number of cycles, the total microwave irradiation time, the maximum and minimum temperatures of the substance to be carbonated measured after microwave irradiation in each cycle, and the cooling time after microwave irradiation between cycles. For examples in which multiple cycles were performed, Table 2 also shows the highest maximum temperature measured and the lowest minimum temperature measured.

[0052] Nos. 17 and 18 were the same as Nos. 1 to 16 except that microwave irradiation was not performed. No. 19 was the same as Nos. 1 to 16 except that water was not supplied.

[0053] The carbonate content and carbonation efficiency of the obtained carbonate-containing material were determined by the method described above. Table 2 shows the amount of carbonated substance that can be produced, the carbonate content, and the carbonation efficiency for each example.

[0054] [Table 2]

[0055] As shown in Table 2, inventive examples Nos. 1 to 16, the carbonation efficiency was 1.0% or more, and carbonate-containing substances were produced with high carbonation efficiency and low workload. On the other hand, comparative examples Nos. 17 to 19 had a carbonation efficiency of less than 0.5%, and sufficient carbonate-containing substances could not be produced. Furthermore, Nos. 4 and 12, in which the amount of water supplied in one cycle was 1% by mass, and Nos. 5, 6, 13, and 14, in which the minimum temperature of the carbonated substance after microwave irradiation was less than 90°C, had a carbonation efficiency of 50% or less. On the other hand, Nos. 1 to 3, 7 to 11, 15, and 16, in which the amount of water supplied in one cycle was 10% by mass or more and the minimum temperature of the carbonated substance after microwave irradiation was 90°C or more, had a high carbonation efficiency of 50% or more, which was more favorable. [Industrial Applicability]

[0056] According to the present invention, a method for producing a carbonate-containing material can be provided that can achieve high carbonation efficiency with a small workload. This method makes it possible to easily produce a material with a large amount of fixed carbon dioxide, thereby contributing to the realization of carbon neutrality. [Explanation of symbols]

[0057] 100 production lines 10 Hopper 12 conveyor belt 20. Carbonated water 30 Microwave 40 Microwave leakage prevention mechanism

Claims

1. a first step of supplying water to a substance to be carbonated; a second step of supplying carbon dioxide to the substance to be carbonated and bringing the substance to be carbonated into contact with the carbon dioxide via the water; a third step of irradiating the substance to be carbonated with microwaves while the carbon dioxide is being supplied to the substance to be carbonated; The method for producing a carbonate-containing material comprises the steps of: obtaining a carbonate-containing material by carbonate-containing the substance to be carbonated with the carbon dioxide.

2. 2. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to claim 1, wherein after the first step, the second step and the third step are carried out simultaneously by supplying carbon dioxide gas to the substance to be carbonated while irradiating it with microwaves.

3. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to claim 1, wherein the water is carbonated water, and the first step and the second step are carried out simultaneously, and then the third step is carried out.

4. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the third step, the temperature of the substance to be carbonated is maintained at 600°C or less.

5. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount of water supplied in the first step is 1 mass% or more and 200 mass% or less relative to the mass of the substance to be carbonated.

6. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of cycles are carried out, each cycle consisting of the first to third steps, with a period for allowing the substance to be carbonated to cool between each cycle.

7. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to claim 6, wherein the microwave irradiation time in each cycle is from 1.0 second to 600 seconds.

8. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to claim 6, wherein the total microwave irradiation time is 0.5 minutes or more and 1440 minutes or less.

9. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to claim 6, wherein the microwave irradiation distance is 0.05 m or more and 2.0 m or less.

10. 4. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to claim 1, wherein the substance to be carbonated is a substance containing at least one selected from the group consisting of CaO, MgO, MnO, and Fe.

11. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to claim 10, wherein the material to be carbonated is iron and steel slag.

12. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to claim 11, wherein the iron and steel slag is steelmaking slag.

13. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to claim 10, wherein the material to be carbonated is waste concrete.

14. The method for producing a carbonate-containing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the maximum particle size of the substance to be carbonated is 53 mm or less.

Images