Direct acting contact and winding switching device

Abstract

To provide a direct acting contact that can move multiple movable terminals on one axis.SOLUTION: A direct acting contact 50 according to the present invention includes a shaft 8 composed of a conductor and movable in the axial direction, a fixed terminal 1a having a fixed contact 1a1, a movable terminal 5a through which the shaft 8 passes and which is movable in the axial direction and has a movable contact 5a1 axially opposed to the fixed contact 1a1, a first insulating material 9a in contact with the movable terminal 5a and through which the shaft 8 passes, a contact pressure spring 6a having one end in contact with the first insulating material 9a and applying contact pressure to the movable terminal 5a, a spring seat 7a composed of a conductor and in contact with the other end of the contact pressure spring 6a, which is movable together with the shaft 8 and causes the contact pressure spring 6a to expand and contract in the axial direction, and a second insulating material 10a extending in the axial direction around the shaft 8, through which the shaft 8 passes and which penetrates the movable terminal 5a and the first insulating material 9a. When the shaft 8 moves in the axial direction, the second insulating material 10a slides against the movable terminal 5a and the first insulating material 9a.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a direct-acting contact that is a mechanical switch, and a winding switching device equipped with the direct-acting contact. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, in three-phase Y-connection of a motor, there is a 1Y connection in which the stator windings are connected in series, and a 2Y connection in which the stator windings are connected in parallel. By switching the stator winding from a 2Y connection to a 1Y connection, the resistance and inductance double, but even if the current is halved, the same torque can be output as with the 2Y connection.

[0003] The switching between the 1Y connection and the 2Y connection is performed by a winding switching device equipped with a direct-acting contact, which is a mechanical switch.

[0004] For example, when designing a motor for an electric vehicle that can run on highways, it is necessary to improve the motor's efficiency when driving at low speeds in urban areas, which has a significant impact on electricity consumption (fuel economy).

[0005] By using a winding switching device with direct-acting contacts to switch the motor connection so that it is 2Y-connected when driving at high speeds and 1Y-connected when driving at low speeds, the current can be halved when driving at low speeds while still outputting the same torque as when driving at high speeds, making it possible to increase the efficiency of the motor over a wide range of speeds, from low to high.

[0006] Furthermore, if the connection is changed from a 2Y to a 1Y, the torque can be doubled with the same current, but the maximum rotation speed is lower than with a 2Y connection.If it is possible to switch between a 1Y and a 2Y connection depending on the speed and torque, a 2Y connection can be used for high-speed driving on highways, etc., a 1Y connection for low-speed driving such as slow hill climbing or starting, and the more efficient connection can be used for the medium-speed range between high-speed and low-speed driving, allowing a single motor to cover a wide range of driving speeds.

[0007] Examples of conventional mechanical switches and direct-acting contacts are described in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3. Patent Document 1 describes an electromagnetic contactor including a pair of fixed contacts, a movable contact, and an arc-extinguishing chamber. Patent Document 2 describes a sealed electromagnetic relay that can reduce variations in the gap between the end of the shaft and the movable contact. Patent Document 3 describes an electromagnetic relay that includes a drive shaft including a first contact portion that contacts the movable contact piece, a second contact portion that contacts the movable iron core, and an insulating portion made of an insulating material that insulates the movable contact piece from the movable iron core. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-139892 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-150137 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-042935 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] To construct a mechanical winding switching device that is more efficient than an electrical one, it is necessary to develop a direct-acting contact with a long-life, highly reliable, large-current contact.In addition, a winding switching device with multiple direct-acting contacts arranged side by side requires that the direct-acting contacts be arranged at high density to prevent the device from becoming too large.

[0010] One possible way to miniaturize the winding switching device is to arrange multiple direct-acting contacts in series on a movable shaft and operate multiple movable terminals on a single shaft. However, there are two main issues with this type of winding switching device: (1) Because many linear contacts are arranged in a row, assembly tolerances and thermal deformation become larger than in the case of a single linear contact. Therefore, when the linear contact is closed, the tilt of the movable terminal that comes into contact with the fixed contact tends to become large, and conductive wear particles are generated at the contact point between the movable terminal and the contact pressure spring that applies contact pressure to the movable terminal. (2) If an insulating buffer material is placed between the movable terminal and the pressure spring to prevent the generation of conductive wear particles, the pressure spring will have a floating potential.

[0011] Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 do not describe the idea of ​​arranging multiple linear contacts in series in the axial direction and operating multiple movable terminals on one axis, as described above, and therefore do not fully consider the issues of conductive wear debris being generated and the spring becoming at a floating potential.

[0012] An object of the present invention is to provide a direct-acting contact that can operate a plurality of movable terminals on one axis, and a winding switching device that includes this direct-acting contact. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] A linear contact according to the present invention includes a shaft made of a conductor, extending in an axial direction and movable in the axial direction, a fixed terminal having a fixed contact, a movable terminal which is a plate-like member having a hole through which the shaft passes, movable in the axial direction, and having a movable contact facing the fixed contact in the axial direction, a first insulating member in contact with the movable terminal and having a hole through which the shaft passes, a pressure spring extending in the axial direction and having one end in contact with the first insulating member to apply pressure to the movable terminal, a spring seat made of a conductor and in contact with the other end of the pressure spring, movable in the axial direction together with the shaft, and causing the pressure spring to expand and contract in the axial direction, and a second insulating member extending around the shaft in the axial direction and having a hole through which the shaft passes, the hole of the movable terminal passing through the movable terminal and the hole of the first insulating member passing through the first insulating member. The second insulating member slides against the movable terminal and the first insulating member when the shaft moves in the axial direction.

[0014] The winding switching device according to the present invention includes a housing, an actuator, and a direct-acting contact provided in the housing.

[0015] The linear contact is a series linear contact having a shaft extending in the axial direction and a plurality of linear contacts according to the present invention arranged side by side in the axial direction, and the plurality of series linear contacts are arranged side by side in a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction. The shaft moves in the axial direction due to the operation of the actuator. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a direct-acting contact that can operate a plurality of movable terminals on one axis, and a winding switching device that includes this direct-acting contact. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing a schematic system configuration of a motor drive system including a winding switching device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a diagram for explaining the operating principle of the winding switching device according to the first embodiment, showing a configuration of a 2Y connection in which stator windings are connected in parallel. FIG. [Figure 3] 1 is a diagram for explaining the operating principle of the winding switching device according to the first embodiment, showing the configuration of a 1Y connection in which stator windings are connected in series. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a winding switching device according to a first embodiment; [Figure 5] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing the configuration of a direct acting contact according to a first embodiment. [Figure 6A] 1 is a diagram showing a state in which the contact is open in the direct acting contact according to the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 6B] 1 is a diagram showing a state in which the contact is closed in the direct acting contact according to the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 7] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating an example of a state in which the contact is closed when a positional deviation occurs in the fixed terminal in the direct-acting contact according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8A] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating examples of series direct acting contacts. [Figure 8B]10 is a diagram showing a preferred axial position of a side surface portion of a first insulating material in a series direct acting contact when the contact is in an open state. FIG. [Figure 8C] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a preferred axial position of the side surface portion of the second insulating material in a series direct acting contact when the contact is in a closed state. [Figure 9A] 8B is a diagram showing a state in which the series direct acting contact shown in FIG. 8A is in an open state. [Figure 9B] 8B is a diagram showing a state in which the series direct acting contact shown in FIG. 8A is closed. FIG. [Figure 10] 1 is a plan view of a winding switching device according to a first embodiment in a 2Y connection in which stator windings are connected in parallel. FIG. [Figure 11] 1 is a plan view of a winding switching device according to a first embodiment in the case of a 1Y connection in which stator windings are connected in series. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] The direct-acting contact of the present invention is a type of mechanical switch that can operate multiple movable terminals on a single axis, allowing the switch mechanisms to be arranged in a high density array. The winding switching device of the present invention is equipped with such direct-acting contacts and can be made compact. The direct-acting contacts and winding switching device of the present invention are suitable for devices that have a mechanism for switching windings between low and high speed ranges (for example, a mechanism for switching from series connection to parallel connection or from parallel connection to series connection), such as a drive motor for an electric truck.

[0019] Hereinafter, a direct-acting contact and a winding switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings used in this specification, the same or corresponding components are designated by the same reference numerals, and repeated description of these components may be omitted.

[0020] In addition, when there are multiple identical or corresponding components and they need to be distinguished from one another, they are described by adding an alphabet (a, b, ...) to the end of the reference numeral; however, when there is no need to distinguish between them, they may be described without adding an alphabet to the end of the reference numeral.

[0021] In the following embodiment, an example will be described in which the motor windings are Y-connected, but the present invention is also applicable to cases in which the windings are Δ-connected. [Example]

[0022] A direct acting contact and a winding switching device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0023] First, a motor drive system including a winding switching device according to this embodiment and the operating principle of the winding switching device will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. FIG.

[0024] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic system configuration of a motor drive system equipped with a winding switching device 100 according to this embodiment.

[0025] The winding switching device 100 is disposed between an inverter 102 and a motor 101. A battery 103 that supplies direct current is connected to the inverter 102. Lead-out terminals U1, U2, U3, and U4 of the winding switching device 100 are connected to lead-out terminals U1, U2, U3, and U4 of the motor 101, respectively. The winding switching device 100 switches the connection state of the windings (coils) of the motor 101 in response to a winding switching command from a control device (not shown).

[0026] 2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining the operating principle of the winding switching device 100 according to this embodiment. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a 2Y connection configuration in which stator windings are connected in parallel. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a 1Y connection configuration in which stator windings are connected in series. Although Figs. 2 and 3 only show the U phase, the V phase and W phase have the same configuration as the U phase.

[0027] The operating principle of the winding switching device 100 will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0028] The lead-out terminals U1 to U4 of the winding switching device 100 are connected to the conductors drawn from both ends of the first winding 101a and the second winding 101b of the motor 101. In the example shown in Figures 2 and 3, both ends of the first winding 101a are connected to the lead-out terminals U1 and U3, and both ends of the second winding 101b are connected to the lead-out terminals U2 and U4.

[0029] As will be described later, the winding switching device 100 has a movable terminal that is movable in the axial direction (the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 4, which will be described later). The first winding 101a and the second winding 101b of the motor 101 are connected in a 2Y connection (parallel connection) when the movable terminal moves in one axial direction, and are connected in a 1Y connection (series connection) when the movable terminal moves in the other axial direction.

[0030] The first winding 101a and the second winding 101b are connected in a 2Y connection (parallel connection) and a 1Y connection (series connection) as follows:

[0031] In the case of a 2Y connection (parallel connection) (Figure 2), the connection configuration is from the lead-out terminal U1 to the first winding 101a, from the first winding 101a to the lead-out terminal U3, and from the lead-out terminal U3 to the lead-out terminal U4, and the connection configuration is from the lead-out terminal U1 to the lead-out terminal U2, from the lead-out terminal U2 to the second winding 101b, and from the second winding 101b to the lead-out terminal U4.

[0032] In the case of a 1Y connection (series connection) (Figure 3), the connection configuration is as follows: from the lead-out terminal U1 to the first winding 101a, from the first winding 101a to the lead-out terminal U3, from the lead-out terminal U3 to the lead-out terminal U2, from the lead-out terminal U2 to the second winding 101b, and from the second winding 101b to the lead-out terminal U4.

[0033] Next, the winding switching device 100 and the direct acting contacts according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0034] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of a winding switching device 100 according to this embodiment.

[0035] The winding switching device 100 according to this embodiment includes a housing 12, which is a fixed casing, a direct-acting contact (described later) installed in the housing 12, and an actuator 13. Fixed terminals 1 and 2 of the direct-acting contact are connected to a plurality of windings of a motor 101 (for example, a first winding 101a and a second winding 101b in FIGS. 2 and 3). A movable terminal 5 of the direct-acting contact is movable in the direction of movement of the actuator 13 when the actuator 13 operates.

[0036] The actuator 13 can be configured using, for example, a ball screw, a cam, a linear motor, a linear actuator, etc. The direction of movement of the actuator 13 is the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 4. The direction of movement of the actuator 13 is the axial direction, which will be described later.

[0037] As the actuator 13 operates, the movable terminal 5 moves axially and comes into contact with or separates from the fixed terminals 1 and 2. When the movable terminal 5 comes into contact with or separates from the fixed terminals 1 and 2, the connection between the first winding 101a and the second winding 101b is switched.

[0038] The fixed terminals 3 and 4 have the same configuration as the fixed terminals 1 and 2, and a movable terminal 5 of a direct acting contact comes into and out of contact with the fixed terminals 3 and 4.

[0039] Hereinafter, the fixed terminals 1 to 4 and the movable terminal 5 will also be simply referred to as contacts. For example, a closed contact means that the fixed terminals 1 and 2 and the movable terminal 5 are in contact with each other, and an open contact means that the fixed terminals 1 and 2 and the movable terminal 5 are separated from each other.

[0040] The direct acting contact includes a contact pressure spring 6 and a sliding bearing 11, as will be described later.

[0041] 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the direct acting contact 50 according to this embodiment. In a configuration in which a plurality of direct acting contacts 50 according to this embodiment are provided and the plurality of direct acting contacts 50 are arranged in series in the axial direction, a plurality of movable terminals 5a can be operated by a single axis (shaft 8).

[0042] The direct acting contact 50 according to this embodiment includes a shaft 8, a movable terminal 5a, a first insulating material 9a, a second insulating material 10a, a spring seat 7a, a contact pressure spring 6a, and fixed terminals 1a and 2a.

[0043] The shaft 8 is a rod-shaped member made of a conductor, for example, a metal, and extends in the direction of movement of the actuator 13. The extension direction of the shaft 8 (i.e., the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 4) is called the axial direction. The direction perpendicular to the axial direction is called the radial direction. The shaft 8 can move in the axial direction by the movement of the actuator 13.

[0044] The movable terminal 5a is a plate-like member with a hole in the center through which the shaft 8 passes. The movable terminal 5a has movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 at both ends in a direction (radial direction) perpendicular to the extension direction of the shaft 8. The movable terminal 5a is movable in the axial direction.

[0045] The first insulating material 9a is a cylindrical member with a bottom made of an insulating material and extends in the axial direction. The first insulating material 9a has a bottom surface portion 9a1 and a side surface portion 9a2. The bottom surface portion 9a1 is located at one axial end (the upper end in FIG. 5) of the side surface portion 9a2 and contacts the movable terminal 5a. The bottom surface portion 9a1 has a hole in the center, through which the shaft 8 passes. The side surface portion 9a2 is cylindrical and has a sliding bearing 11a on its outer periphery, which is the radially outer portion. The sliding bearing 11a is a sliding bearing fixed to the housing 12 (FIG. 4) in which the linear contact 50 is installed, and is provided on the side surface portion 9a2 so that the side surface portion 9a2 can slide. The first insulating material 9a is supported by the housing 12 via the sliding bearing 11a and the like.

[0046] The second insulating material 10a is a cylindrical member with a bottom made of an insulator, and extends axially around the shaft 8. The second insulating material 10a includes a side portion 10a2, a bottom portion 10a1, and a cylindrical portion 10a3. The side portion 10a2 is cylindrical and is located axially opposite the first insulating material 9a with respect to the movable terminal 5a. The bottom portion 10a1 is located at the other axial end (the lower end in FIG. 5) of the side portion 10a2 and has a central hole through which the shaft 8 passes. The bottom portion 10a1 is located axially opposite the first insulating material 9a with respect to the movable terminal 5a. The cylindrical portion 10a3 extends from the hole in the bottom portion 10a1 along the shaft 8, through a hole in the movable terminal 5a (the hole through which the shaft 8 passes), and toward the other axial end (downward in FIG. 5).

[0047] The axial position of the second insulating material 10a is determined by a fixing member 20a and a spring seat 7a provided on the shaft 8, and the second insulating material 10a is structurally integrated with the shaft 8. That is, the axial position of the second insulating material 10a is determined by the shaft 8.

[0048] The movable terminal 5a is supported by being sandwiched between the first insulating material 9a and the second insulating material 10a in the axial direction. The first insulating material 9a is located at the other axial end side (the lower side in FIG. 5) of the movable terminal 5a. The bottom surface portion 10a1 and the side surface portion 10a2 of the second insulating material 10a are located at one axial end side (the upper side in FIG. 5) of the movable terminal 5a. The cylindrical portion 10a3 penetrates the hole of the movable terminal 5a (the hole through which the shaft 8 penetrates) and also penetrates the hole of the first insulating material 9a (the hole through which the shaft 8 penetrates).

[0049] The spring seat 7a is a cylindrical member made of a conductive material and extends in the axial direction. The spring seat 7a is located around the shaft 8, and its axial position is determined by a fixing member 20b provided on the shaft 8. The spring seat 7a is structurally integrated with the shaft 8. That is, the spring seat 7a is connected to the shaft 8, and is movable in the axial direction together with the shaft 8, and its axial position is determined by the shaft 8.

[0050] For example, if the shaft 8 is made of a bolt, the fixing member 20b can be made of the head of the bolt, and the fixing member 20a can be made of a nut. However, the configuration of the shaft 8, the fixing member 20b, and the fixing member 20a is not limited to this bolt and nut configuration.

[0051] The pressure spring 6a extends in the axial direction, with one end contacting the bottom surface 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a and the other end contacting the spring seat 7a. The pressure spring 6a presses the first insulating material 9a and the spring seat 7a with its elastic force (pressing force). The pressure spring 6a presses the first insulating material 9a, thereby applying pressure to the movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 of the movable terminal 5a. The pressure spring 6a can be made of a conductor, for example, a metal.

[0052] The first insulating material 9a has a bottom surface 9a1 sandwiched between the movable terminal 5a and the contact pressure spring 6a and is supported by the movable terminal 5a and the contact pressure spring 6a.

[0053] When the shaft 8 moves axially due to the operation of the actuator 13, the spring seat 7a, which is structurally integrated with the shaft 8, expands and contracts the contact pressure spring 6a in the axial direction. The contact pressure spring 6a moves the movable terminal 5a in the axial direction by its elastic force via the first insulating material 9a. The second insulating material 10a, which is structurally integrated with the shaft 8, moves in the axial direction in conjunction with the shaft 8. In other words, the second insulating material 10a can move in the axial direction together with the shaft 8 and the spring seat 7a.

[0054] Fixed terminals 1a and 2a are fixed to housing 12 and have fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1 at one axial end. Fixed terminals 1a and 2a can also have fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1 at both axial ends. Fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1 come into contact with and separate from movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 of movable terminal 5a as movable terminal 5a moves in the axial direction.

[0055] As shown in Fig. 4, the fixed terminals 1, 2, 3, and 4 are provided with U-phase lead-out terminals U1, U2, U3, and U4, V-phase lead-out terminals V1, V2, V3, and V4, and W-phase lead-out terminals W1, W2, W3, and W4 for wiring purposes. In the example shown in Fig. 4, these lead-out terminals U1 to W4 are arranged so as to protrude from the housing 12 while being aligned in one direction. However, the arrangement of these lead-out terminals is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 4.

[0056] The description of the configuration of the direct acting contact 50 will continue with reference to FIG.

[0057] Fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1 switch between contact and non-contact with movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2, respectively, to switch the circuit on and off. To reduce contact resistance, fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1 can be attached to fixed terminals 1a and 2a by joining separate rivet contacts or the like to fixed terminals 1a and 2a by brazing or crimping. Materials typically used for fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1 include Ag-Ni, Ag-ZnO, Ag-SnO, and Ag-SnO-InO. Fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1 do not have to be separate from fixed terminals 1a and 2a. For example, fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a may be formed by machining a portion of fixed terminals 1a and 2a into a convex shape, and this machined convex portion may be plated.

[0058] When fixed terminals 1a, 2a have fixed contacts 1a1, 2a1 at only one axial end, the other axial end of fixed terminals 1a, 2a serves as a lead terminal connected to an external circuit such as a motor, and is held in an insulating housing made of resin or held in a metal housing via an insulator. This lead terminal is preferably made of a material with low electrical resistivity, such as copper or aluminum, and is rigid enough to withstand the pressing force of movable terminal 5a. This lead terminal can be manufactured, for example, by press-molding, cutting, welding, or brazing a plate or rod material.

[0059] Movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 switch between contact and non-contact with fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1, respectively, to turn the circuit on and off. To reduce contact resistance, movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 can be attached to movable terminal 5a by joining separate rivet contacts to movable terminal 5a by brazing or crimping. Materials typically used for movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 include Ag-Ni, Ag-ZnO, Ag-SnO, and Ag-SnO-InO. Movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 do not have to be separate from movable terminal 5a. For example, movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 may be formed by machining a portion of movable terminal 5a into a convex shape, or this machined convex portion may be plated.

[0060] Due to misalignment caused by manufacturing precision of the fixed terminals 1a, 2a, the movable terminal 5a may contact the fixed terminals 1a, 2a at an angle. To ensure a sufficient contact area between the movable contacts 5a1, 5a2 of the movable terminal 5a and the fixed terminals 1a, 2a even when the movable terminal 5a contacts the fixed terminals 1a, 2a at an angle, the surfaces of the movable contacts 5a1, 5a2 that contact the fixed terminals 1a, 2a are preferably convexly curved. For example, the surfaces of the movable contacts 5a1, 5a2 that contact the fixed terminals 1a, 2a are preferably curved surfaces that have the shape of a portion of the side surface of a cylinder or a flat cylinder (R surface), or curved surfaces that have the shape of a portion of a sphere (SR surface).

[0061] The surfaces of the fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1 of the fixed terminals 1a and 2a that come into contact with the movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 may be flat or convexly curved.

[0062] That is, one of the surfaces of the movable contact and the fixed contact may be a convex curved surface (R surface or SR surface), or both may be convex curved surfaces (R surface or SR surface).

[0063] As described above, the movable terminal 5a has movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 at both ends in the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the shaft 8 (radial direction), a hole in the center through which the shaft 8 passes, and is supported by being sandwiched between the first insulating material 9a and the second insulating material 10a. The movable terminal 5a is preferably made of a material with low electrical resistivity such as copper or aluminum, and has sufficient rigidity to prevent deformation due to the pressing force of the movable terminal 5a. The movable terminal 5a can be manufactured, for example, by press-molding or cutting a plate or rod material.

[0064] The contact pressure spring 6a is sandwiched and compressed between the bottom surface 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a and the spring seat 7a. When the contacts are in an open state, the contact pressure spring 6a fixes the movable terminal 5a with its restoring force (expansion force). When the contacts are in a closed state, the contact pressure spring 6a is further compressed as the shaft 8 and spring seat 7a move due to the operation of the actuator 13, and the further restoring force (expansion force) ensures the contact pressure of the contacts.

[0065] It is preferable that the movable terminal 5a be fixed even when the contacts are in an open state. For example, if the direct-acting contact 50 is an in-vehicle component, it is undesirable from the standpoint of reliability if the movable terminal 5a moves freely due to vibrations and shocks while the vehicle is running, so it is necessary to fix the movable terminal 5a even when the contacts are in an open state. In this embodiment, the contact pressure spring 6a can fix the movable terminal 5a even when the contacts are in an open state.

[0066] In this embodiment, the pressure spring 6a transmits the movement of the actuator 13 to the movable terminal 5a when the contacts are closed, thereby absorbing dimensional tolerances. If the actuator 13 and movable terminal 5a were directly connected without the pressure spring 6a, the actuator 13 or these terminals could be damaged by excessive load if dimensional tolerances caused a misalignment between the movable terminal 5a and the fixed terminals 1a and 2a. The pressure spring 6a allows the compression of the pressure spring 6a to control the pressing force of the movable terminal 5a. For example, if the spring constant of the pressure spring 6a is 1 N / mm, the initial compression (the compression amount when assembled into the linear contact 50) is 10 mm, and the push-in amount is 5 mm, then a ±1 mm deviation in the push-in amount results in a pressing force of 15 ±1 N.

[0067] As described above, one axial end (upper end in FIG. 5) of the pressure spring 6a contacts the bottom surface 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a, and the other end (lower end in FIG. 5) contacts the spring seat 7a.

[0068] The spring seat 7a is a member that presses the other axial end (the lower end in FIG. 5) of the pressure spring 6a toward one axial end (the upward direction in FIG. 5). That is, the spring seat 7a is a member that presses the pressure spring 6a along the axial direction toward the bottom surface portion 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a and the movable terminal 5a. The spring seat 7a can be made of a conductor, such as metal, and is electrically connected to the conductor pressure spring 6a and the conductor shaft 8. The spring seat 7a moves axially together with the shaft 8 and transmits the movement of the shaft 8 to the pressure spring 6a. The spring seat 7a may be manufactured as a separate member from the shaft 8 and attached to the shaft 8, or it may be manufactured as a member that is initially connected to the shaft 8.

[0069] The shaft 8 is driven by the power of the actuator 13 to move in the axial direction, thereby moving the spring seat 7a in the axial direction and expanding or contracting the pressure spring 6a. In other words, the shaft 8 transmits the power of the actuator 13 to the pressure spring 6a via the spring seat 7a. The shaft 8 is conductive and is grounded at one end. Because the shaft 8 does not carry a large current, it does not need to have low electrical resistance, and can be made of, for example, carbon steel or stainless steel from the standpoint of strength and cost.

[0070] The pressure spring 6a is an electric conductor and is electrically connected to the shaft 8, which is grounded at one point and is also an electric conductor, via the spring seat 7a, which is also an electric conductor, so that the potential does not become a floating potential.

[0071] In this embodiment, multiple direct acting contacts 50 can be arranged along one shaft 8, i.e., arranged in series in the axial direction, and operated by one shaft 8. When multiple direct acting contacts 50 are arranged in the axial direction, the shafts of the respective direct acting contacts 50 may be connected to each other, thereby providing a configuration in which multiple direct acting contacts 50 are installed on one shaft 8, or multiple direct acting contacts 50 may be installed on one long shaft 8.

[0072] The first insulating material 9a is located on the other axial end side of the movable terminal 5a (the lower side in Figure 5) and has a bottom surface portion 9a1 and a side surface portion 9a2. The bottom surface portion 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a is located between the contact pressure spring 6a and the movable terminal 5a in the axial direction, and transmits the pressing force (extension force) of the contact pressure spring 6a to the movable terminal 5a. The movable terminal 5a moves in the axial direction due to the pressing force of the contact pressure spring 6a. The side surface portion 9a2 is cylindrical, and the contact pressure spring 6a is located inside, and has the function of ensuring a creepage distance between the contact pressure spring 6a and the movable terminal 5a.

[0073] Since the first insulating material 9a receives the load of the pressure spring 6a, it is preferable that it be made of a material that is strong, tough, and wear-resistant, such as engineering plastic or super engineering plastic. Specifically, the first insulating material 9a can be made by injection molding or cutting a resin such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), or epoxy.

[0074] The second insulating material 10a has a side portion 10a2, a bottom portion 10a1, and a cylindrical portion 10a3. The second insulating material 10a is paired with the first insulating material 9a, and the bottom portion 10a1 sandwiches the movable terminal 5a. When the contacts are open, the second insulating material 10a receives the restoring force (extension force) of the contact pressure spring 6a, sandwiching the movable terminal 5a between the second insulating material 10a and the first insulating material 9a and fixing the movable terminal 5a. When the contacts are closed, the second insulating material 10a moves axially together with the shaft 8 and spring seat 7a. When the contacts are closed, the bottom portion 10a1 of the second insulating material 10a is axially separated from the movable terminal 5a.

[0075] The cylindrical portion 10a3 of the second insulating material 10a is cylindrical and penetrates the movable terminal 5a and the bottom surface 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a. The shaft 8 and spring seat 7a are located inside the cylindrical portion 10a3, and the pressure spring 6a is located outside. The cylindrical portion 10a3 prevents the movable terminal 5a from contacting the shaft 8 and spring seat 7a. When the shaft 8 moves axially to open or close the contact, the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 10a3 slides against the movable terminal 5a and the first insulating material 9a (the bottom surface 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a). With this configuration, when the shaft 8 moves axially, the second insulating material 10a slides against the movable terminal 5a and the first insulating material 9a, and conductors (e.g., the movable terminal 5a and the shaft 8) do not slide against each other, preventing the generation of conductive wear debris.

[0076] Like the first insulating material 9a, the second insulating material 10a is preferably made of a material that is high in strength, toughness, and wear resistance, such as engineering plastic or super engineering plastic, and can be manufactured by injection molding or cutting resins such as PPS, PEEK, and epoxy.

[0077] In the linear contact 50 according to this embodiment, the first insulating material 9a is located between the movable terminal 5a and the pressure spring 6a, so the movable terminal 5a and the pressure spring 6a do not come into contact with each other, preventing the generation of conductive wear particles. Also, the cylindrical portion 10a3 of the second insulating material 10a is located between the movable terminal 5a and the shaft 8, so the movable terminal 5a and the shaft 8 do not come into contact with each other, preventing the generation of conductive wear particles.

[0078] 6A and 6B, the movements of the components of the direct acting contact 50 according to this embodiment when the contact opens and closes will be described in detail.

[0079] As described above, the spring seat 7a and the second insulating material 10a are structurally integrated with the shaft 8 and move axially together with the shaft 8. The pressure spring 6a is compressed and installed between the bottom surface 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a and the spring seat 7a, and constantly applies a restoring force (extension force) to the bottom surface 9a1.

[0080] FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a state in which the contacts of the direct acting contact 50 according to this embodiment are open.

[0081] When the contacts open, the shaft 8 is moved by the power of the actuator 13 in the direction in which the contacts open (the direction in which the movable terminal 5a and the fixed terminals 1a and 2a move apart, i.e., the downward direction in FIG. 6A). The spring seat 7a and the second insulating material 10a also move together with the shaft 8. The restoring force of the pressure spring 6a is transmitted to the movable terminal 5a via the bottom surface 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a, and the movable terminal 5a receives a force in the direction in which the pressure spring 6a expands (the upward direction in FIG. 6A). However, the movable terminal 5a is pressed by the bottom surface 10a1 of the second insulating material 10a fixed to the shaft 8, and is fixed between the bottom surface 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a and the bottom surface 10a1 of the second insulating material 10a.

[0082] The movable terminal 5a and the first insulating material 9a are free to slide relative to the shaft 8.

[0083] FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the direct acting contact 50 according to this embodiment in a closed state.

[0084] When the contacts close, the shaft 8 is moved by the power of the actuator 13 in the direction of closing the contacts (the direction in which the movable terminal 5a and the fixed terminals 1a and 2a come into contact, i.e., the upward direction in Figure 6B). The spring seat 7a and the second insulating material 10a also move together with the shaft 8. Furthermore, the pressure spring 6a, the first insulating material 9a, and the movable terminal 5a also move together with the spring seat 7a. When the movable contacts 5a1 and 5a2 of the movable terminal 5a come into contact with the fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1 of the fixed terminals 1a and 2a, the movable terminal 5a and the first insulating material 9a stop moving, but the spring seat 7a and the second insulating material 10a continue to move until the movement of the shaft 8 stops. Therefore, the pressure spring 6a, which is located between the first insulating material 9a and the spring seat 7a, is further compressed. The restoring force of the further compressed pressure spring 6a acts as a contact pressure on the contacts.

[0085] Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a state in which the contacts are closed when the fixed terminals 1a and 2a are misaligned in the linear contact 50 according to this embodiment. Fig. 7 shows an example in which the movable terminal 5a is inclined relative to the axial direction and in contact with the fixed terminals 1a and 2a.

[0086] The first insulating material 9a contacts the movable terminal 5a at a contact surface 30. The contact surface 30 is the outer surface of the bottom portion 9a1 of the first insulating material 9a. The shape of the contact surface 30 of the first insulating material 9a with the movable terminal 5a is preferably a convex curved surface. For example, the shape of the contact surface 30 is more preferably a curved surface having the shape of part of the side surface of a cylinder or a flat cylinder (R surface), or a curved surface having the shape of part of a sphere (SR surface).

[0087] Due to misalignment of the fixed terminals 1a, 2a, the movable terminal 5a may contact the fixed terminals 1a, 2a at an angle relative to the axial direction. If the contact surface 30 is a convex curved surface, even if the movable terminal 5a contacts the fixed terminals 1a, 2a at an angle, the movable contacts 5a1, 5a2 of the movable terminal 5a can contact the fixed contacts 1a1, 2a1 of the fixed terminals 1a, 2a, respectively, and contact pressure can be applied evenly to both fixed terminals 1a, 2a. As already mentioned, either one of the movable contact and the fixed contact may be a convex curved surface (R-surface or SR-surface), or both may be convex curved surfaces (R-surface or SR-surface).

[0088] As described above, in this embodiment, a plurality of direct acting contacts 50 can be arranged side by side along one shaft 8, i.e., arranged in series in the axial direction, and operated by one shaft 8. Hereinafter, a direct acting contact formed by a plurality of direct acting contacts 50 arranged on one shaft 8 will be referred to as a series direct acting contact.

[0089] The series direct acting contact includes one shaft 8 and multiple direct acting contacts 50 arranged side by side in the axial direction. In the series direct acting contact, the shafts 8 included in each of the multiple direct acting contacts 50 constitute one shaft 8 of the series direct acting contact. In other words, a configuration in which multiple direct acting contacts 50 are installed on one long shaft 8 may be adopted, or a configuration in which multiple direct acting contacts 50 are installed on one shaft 8 may be adopted by connecting the shafts included in each direct acting contact 50 to each other.

[0090] Fig. 8A is a diagram showing an example of a series direct acting contact 60. Fig. 8A shows an example in which three direct acting contacts 50a, 50b, and 50c are arranged on one shaft 8. The direct acting contacts 50a, 50b, and 50c are lined up in this order from one end (upper end in Fig. 8A) to the other end (lower end in Fig. 8A) in the axial direction.

[0091] The position of the spring seat will be described using the linear motion contact 50b, which is located in the axial center of the three linear motion contacts 50a, 50b, and 50c, as a representative. The spring seat 7b of the linear motion contact 50b is sandwiched in the axial direction between the spring seat 7a of the linear motion contact 50a and the spring seat 7c of the linear motion contact 50c. One axial end (upper end in FIG. 8A) of the spring seat 7b of the linear motion contact 50b contacts the other axial end (lower end in FIG. 8A) of the spring seat 7a of the linear motion contact 50a, and the other axial end contacts one axial end of the spring seat 7c of the linear motion contact 50c. The other axial end of the spring seat 7b of the linear motion contact 50b is located inside the side surface portion 10c2 of the second insulating material 10c of the linear motion contact 50c.

[0092] The pressure spring 6b is located inside the side surface portion 9b2 of the first insulating material 9b of the direct acting contact 50b. The pressure spring 6a of the axially adjacent direct acting contact 50a is located inside the side surface portion 10b2 of the second insulating material 10b of the direct acting contact 50b.

[0093] Since the series direct-acting contact 60 has an axial length longer than that of one direct-acting contact 50, the first insulators 9a, 9b, and 9c are provided with sliding bearings 11a, 11b, and 11c on their respective side surfaces 9a2, 9b2, and 9c2. The sliding bearings 11a, 11b, and 11c are fixed to the housing 12 in which the direct-acting contacts 50a, 50b, and 50c are respectively installed. The first insulators 9a, 9b, and 9c are supported by the housing 12 via the sliding bearings 11a, 11b, and 11c, etc.

[0094] In the series direct acting contact, the preferred axial positions of the side surface portions 9a2, 9b2, 9c2 of the first insulating materials 9a, 9b, 9c when the contact is in an open state will be described using the first insulating material 9a of the direct acting contact 50a as a representative example.

[0095] FIG. 8B is a diagram showing a preferred axial position of the side surface portion 9a2 of the first insulating material 9a in the series direct acting contact when the contact is in an open state.

[0096] In a series direct-acting contact in which a plurality of direct-acting contacts 50 are arranged in the axial direction, when the contacts are open, it is preferable that the side surface portion 9a2 of the first insulating material 9a of one axial direct-acting contact 50a be located between the contact pressure spring 6a and the fixed terminals 1b, 2b of another axially adjacent direct-acting contact 50b. In other words, when the contacts are open, it is preferable that the axial position of the side surface portion 9a2 of the first insulating material 9a be such that the side surface portion 9a2 blocks the space between the contact pressure spring 6a and the fixed terminals 1b, 2b (in other words, such that the side surface portion 9a2 covers the contact pressure spring 6a relative to the fixed terminals 1b, 2b).

[0097] Next, preferred axial positions of the side portions 10a2, 10b2, and 10c2 of the second insulating materials 10a, 10b, and 10c when the series direct-acting contacts are in the closed state will be described using the second insulating material 10b of the direct-acting contact 50b as a representative example.

[0098] FIG. 8C is a diagram showing a preferred axial position of the side surface portion 10b2 of the second insulating material 10b in the series direct acting contact when the contact is in the closed state.

[0099] In a series direct-acting contact in which a plurality of direct-acting contacts 50 are arranged in the axial direction, when the contacts are closed, it is preferable that the side surface portion 10b2 of the second insulating material 10b of one axial direct-acting contact 50b be located between the fixed terminals 1b, 2b and the contact pressure spring 6a of another axially adjacent direct-acting contact 50a. In other words, when the contacts are closed, it is preferable that the axial position of the side surface portion 10b2 of the second insulating material 10b be such that the side surface portion 10b2 blocks the space between the fixed terminals 1b, 2b and the contact pressure spring 6a (in other words, such that the side surface portion 10b2 covers the contact pressure spring 6a relative to the fixed terminals 1b, 2b).

[0100] 8B and 8C, if the space between the fixed terminals 1b, 2b, which are at high potential, and the pressure spring 6a, which is at ground potential, is blocked by a first insulating material 9a or a second insulating material 10b, which are insulators, the electrical spatial distance between the fixed terminals 1b, 2b and the pressure spring 6a can be shortened. This allows the fixed terminals 1b, 2b and the pressure spring 6a to be positioned closer to each other, thereby making it possible to reduce the size of the winding switching device 100 according to this embodiment.

[0101] Figure 9A is a diagram showing the series direct acting contact 60 shown in Figure 8A in an open state. Figure 9B is a diagram showing the series direct acting contact 60 shown in Figure 8A in a closed state. The movements of the components of the series direct acting contact 60 when the contacts are opened and closed are the same as those described using Figures 6A and 6B.

[0102] The winding switching device 100 according to this embodiment can be configured by arranging a plurality of series direct acting contacts 60 shown in Fig. 8A side by side in the radial direction. Below, as an example, a winding switching device 100 will be described that includes three series direct acting contacts 60 arranged side by side in the radial direction and that configures a switching circuit that switches between a 1Y connection and a 2Y connection.

[0103] In addition, the multiple direct-acting contacts provided in the winding switching device 100 according to this embodiment, i.e., the direct-acting contacts configured by arranging multiple series direct-acting contacts 60 in a radially aligned manner, are sometimes referred to as composite series direct-acting contacts.

[0104] FIG. 10 is a plan view of the winding switching device 100 according to this embodiment in the case of a 2Y connection in which the stator windings are connected in parallel.

[0105] FIG. 11 is a plan view of the winding switching device 100 according to this embodiment in the case of a 1Y connection in which the stator windings are connected in series.

[0106] In the winding switching device 100 shown in Figures 10 and 11, three series direct acting contacts 60 shown in Figure 8A are arranged side by side in the radial direction. That is, the winding switching device 100 shown in Figures 10 and 11 has a composite series direct acting contact consisting of three series direct acting contacts 60. The shafts 8 of the three series direct acting contacts 60 are connected so that they move in conjunction with each other. The series direct acting contact 60 located in the radial center is axially oriented opposite to the series direct acting contacts 60 located at both ends in the radial direction. Note that the series direct acting contact 60 located in the radial center is not used in a 2Y connection, but is used only in a 1Y connection.

[0107] As shown in Figure 10, in a 2Y connection (parallel connection), the lead-out terminals U1 and U2 are connected to each other, and the lead-out terminals U3 and U4 are connected to each other (see Figure 2). The movable terminal 5 is pressed against and contacts the fixed terminals 1 and 2 from one side to the other in the axial direction (from right to left in Figure 10 in the example shown in Figure 10). The V-phase and W-phase are also connected in the same way as the U-phase.

[0108] As shown in Fig. 11, in a 1Y connection (series connection), the lead terminal U2 and the lead terminal U3 are connected to each other (see Fig. 3). The movable terminal 5 is pressed against and contacts the fixed terminals 2 and 3 from one side to the other in the axial direction (from left to right in Fig. 11 in the example shown in Fig. 11). The V-phase and W-phase are also in the same manner as the U-phase.

[0109] As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 , the fixed terminal 2 can have fixed contacts on both axial surfaces. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 10 , the movable terminal 5 contacts the right axial surface of the fixed terminal 2, and in the example shown in FIG. 11 , the movable terminal 5 contacts the left axial surface of the fixed terminal 2. That is, the fixed terminals 1a and 2a (e.g., the fixed terminals 1a and 2a shown in FIG. 5 ) can have fixed contacts 1a1 and 2a1 on both axial surfaces. The movable terminal 5 of one radial series direct acting contact 60 and the movable terminal 5 of another radially adjacent series direct acting contact 60 are positioned so as to sandwich the fixed terminal 2 having fixed contacts on both axial surfaces in the axial direction. By providing contacts on both axial surfaces of the fixed terminal 2, the axial length of the winding switching device 100 according to this embodiment can be shortened, thereby enabling miniaturization.

[0110] As shown in Fig. 10, when the shaft 8 moves in one axial direction (to the left in Fig. 10 in the example shown in Fig. 10), the fixed terminals 1 and 2 come into contact with the movable terminal 5 at the direct-acting contacts located at both ends in the radial direction, and the fixed terminals 3 and 4 come into contact with the movable terminal 5 at the direct-acting contacts located at the center in the radial direction. As shown in Fig. 11, when the shaft 8 moves in the other axial direction (to the right in Fig. 11 in the example shown in Fig. 11), the fixed terminals 2 and 3 come into contact with the movable terminal 5 at the direct-acting contact located in the center in the radial direction.

[0111] Although the pull-out terminals U1 and U4 are not connected as switches between the terminals, they are connected to the first winding 101a and the second winding 101b of the motor 101, respectively, and are used as a circuit (see Figures 2 and 3).

[0112] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail to clearly explain the present invention, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to embodiments including all of the described configurations. Furthermore, it is possible to replace part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment. It is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. It is also possible to delete part of the configuration of each embodiment, or to add or replace other configurations. [Explanation of symbols]

[0113] 1, 1a, 1b, 2, 2a, 2b, 3, 4...Fixed terminal, 1a1, 2a1...Fixed contact, 5, 5a...Moving terminal, 5a1, 5a2...Moving contact, 6, 6a...Contact pressure spring, 7a, 7b, 7c...Spring seat, 8...Shaft, 9a, 9b, 9c...First insulating material, 9a1...Bottom portion, 9a2, 9b2, 9c2...Side portion, 10a, 10b, 10c...Second insulating material, 10a1...Bottom portion, 10a2, 10b2, 10c2...Side portion, 10a3...Circle Cylindrical portion, 11, 11a, 11b, 11c...sliding bearing, 12...housing, 13...actuator, 20a, 20b...fixed member, 30...contact surface with movable terminal of first insulating material, 50, 50a, 50b, 50c...direct acting contact, 60...series direct acting contact, 100...winding switching device, 101...motor, 101a...first winding, 101b...second winding, 102...inverter, 103...battery, U1, U2, U3, U4...drawing terminal.

Claims

1. a shaft made of a conductor, extending in an axial direction, and movable in the axial direction; a fixed terminal having a fixed contact; a movable terminal that is a plate-like member having a hole through which the shaft passes, that is movable in the axial direction, and that has a movable contact that faces the fixed contact in the axial direction; a first insulating material in contact with the movable terminal and having a hole through which the shaft passes; a contact pressure spring extending in the axial direction and having one end in contact with the first insulating material to apply contact pressure to the movable terminal; a spring seat made of a conductor, in contact with the other end of the pressure spring, movable together with the shaft in the axial direction, and allowing the pressure spring to expand and contract in the axial direction; a second insulating material extending around the shaft in the axial direction and having a hole through which the shaft passes, the second insulating material passing through the hole of the movable terminal and the first insulating material passing through the hole of the first insulating material; Equipped with the second insulating material slides against the movable terminal and the first insulating material when the shaft moves in the axial direction; A direct acting contact characterized by:

2. the second insulating material has a cylindrical portion that penetrates the movable terminal and the first insulating material; the cylindrical portion slides against the movable terminal and the first insulating material when the shaft moves in the axial direction; 2. The direct acting contact according to claim 1.

3. The surface of the first insulating material that contacts the movable terminal is a convex curved surface.

2. The direct acting contact according to claim 1.

4. a shaft extending in the axial direction and a plurality of linear motion contacts arranged side by side in the axial direction; The plurality of linear motion contacts are linear motion contacts according to claim 1, The shafts provided for the plurality of direct acting contacts respectively constitute the single shaft. A direct acting contact characterized by:

5. the first insulating material of one of the linear contacts is cylindrical and has a side surface in which the contact pressure spring is located, When the fixed terminal and the movable terminal are separated from each other, the axial position of the side surface portion of the first insulating material is such that the side surface portion blocks the space between the contact pressure spring and the fixed terminal of another linear motion contact adjacent to the contact pressure spring in the axial direction.

5. The direct acting contact according to claim 4.

6. the second insulating material of one of the linear contacts has a cylindrical side surface portion in which the contact pressure spring of the other linear contact adjacent to the linear contact in the axial direction is located, When the fixed terminal and the movable terminal are in contact with each other, the axial position of the side surface portion of the second insulating material is such that the side surface portion blocks the space between the fixed terminal and the contact pressure spring of another linear contact adjacent to the fixed terminal in the axial direction.

5. The direct acting contact according to claim 4.

7. The side surface portion of the first insulating material has, at its outer periphery, a sliding bearing fixed to a housing in which the linear contact is installed. The direct acting contact according to claim 5.

8. The direct acting contact according to claim 4 is a series direct acting contact, The plurality of series direct acting contacts are arranged side by side in a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the fixed terminal has the fixed contacts on both sides in the axial direction; The movable terminal of one of the serial direct acting contacts and the movable terminal of the other serial direct acting contact adjacent to the one of the serial direct acting contacts in the radial direction are positioned so as to sandwich the fixed terminal having the fixed contacts on both sides in the axial direction. A direct acting contact characterized by:

9. The three series direct acting contacts are arranged side by side in the radial direction, When the shaft moves in one direction in the axial direction, the fixed terminal and the movable terminal come into contact with each other at the serial direct acting contacts located at both ends in the radial direction, When the shaft moves in the other axial direction, the fixed terminal and the movable terminal come into contact with each other at the serial direct-acting contact point located at the center in the radial direction.

9. The direct acting contact according to claim 8.

10. a housing that is a case; An actuator; a direct acting contact installed in the housing; Equipped with The linear contact is a linear contact according to claim 8, The shaft moves in the axial direction by operation of the actuator. A winding switching device characterized by:

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