Segment assembly method

Abstract

To omit the work of setting up and removing roller supports during a segment assembly process during initial excavation of a shield machine.SOLUTION: When assembling an existing segment SGR, a lower piece SGb1 of a current segment is gripped by an erector E, and then a shield tunneling machine S is advanced while still gripping it, the lower piece SGb1 is installed at the bottom of a gap SP created by the excavation, a roller-type rail RR is laid on an inner bottom surface of the lower piece SGb1, and remaining pieces SG are attached to parts other than the bottom of the gap SP through the rail RR, and the current segment is assembled.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a segment assembly method, for example, a method for assembling annular segments made up of a plurality of pieces during the initial excavation of a shield tunneling machine. [Background technology]

[0002] In the shield tunneling method, the shield tunneling machine is driven to excavate the width of the segment, and then the segment pieces are transported directly below the erector of the shield tunneling machine using a segment piece transport device and piece supply device, and the erector then grasps the segment pieces and attaches them to the inner surface of the excavation shaft.This process is repeated to assemble annular segments along the inner surface of the excavation shaft.

[0003] Incidentally, a segment supply device is described, for example, in Patent Document 1, which discloses a segment supply device that includes a supply means for supplying segment pieces below the erector and a position correction means for correcting the position of the segment pieces supplied below the erector. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-108803 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, during the initial excavation of a shield machine, the working space is very narrow, making it difficult to install a segment piece transport device, etc. For this reason, during the initial excavation, the segment pieces are transported directly below the erector using a segment cart and roller rails.

[0006] An example of a method for assembling segments during this initial excavation will be described with reference to Figures 11 to 18. Figures 11 to 18 are partial side views of a construction site during segment assembly during initial excavation by a shield machine studied for comparison.

[0007] As shown in Figure 11, an excavation hole 52 is formed on the inner surface of the starting shaft 50 by excavating it laterally from the inner surface by a shield tunneling machine 51. A plurality of annular segments 53 are installed adjacent to each other in the extension direction of the excavation hole 52 within the excavation hole 52. Each annular segment 53 is assembled by attaching a plurality of pieces 53p along the inner circumferential direction of the excavation hole 52.

[0008] Rails 54, 55a are laid in sequence on the inner bottom surfaces of multiple annular segments 53 arranged along the extension direction of excavation hole 52, from inside the departure shaft 50 toward the inside of excavation hole 52. On rail 54, which is a rail for transporting carriages, a segment carriage 56 and a battery locomotive 57 that transports the segment carriage 56 are arranged in a runnable state. Rail 55a is a rail for transporting pieces, and is composed of a roller rail.

[0009] Directly above the boundary between these rails 54, 55a is installed a transfer device 58 that transfers pieces 53p from a segment carriage 56 onto the rail 55a. In addition, at the rear of the shield tunneling machine 51 and in front of the rail 55a is installed an erector 59 that grips the pieces 53p and assembles the annular segment 53.

[0010] Furthermore, a gap 60 is created between the shield tunneling machine 51 and the annular segment 53 at the forward end behind it, which allows one ring of annular segments to be installed by the shield tunneling machine 51 excavating.

[0011] First, as shown in Figure 12, a roller support 63 is placed on the bottom of the excavation hole 52 in the gap 60, and then a roller-type rail 55b is placed on the roller support 63. In this way, the rail 55b is laid directly below the erector 59.

[0012] Next, a battery locomotive 57 transports a segment carriage 56 from inside the departure shaft 50 to near the front end of the rail 54, and the pieces 53p on the segment carriage 56 are transferred in order by a segment transfer device 58 onto near the rear end of the rail 55a.

[0013] Next, as shown in FIG. 13, piece 53p transferred onto rail 55a is pulled onto the front rail 55b by a winch (not shown) or the like, and as shown in FIG. 14, after being grasped by erector 59, erector 59 is raised.

[0014] Next, the rail 55b below the erector 59 and the roller support 63 are removed as shown in Figure 15. At this time, when removing the roller support 63, care must be taken not to cause damage to the existing annular segments 53, etc.

[0015] Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 16, the erector 59 is lowered and the lower piece 53p of the annular segment 53 is attached onto the bottom surface of the excavation hole 51 in the gap 60.

[0016] Next, as shown in Figure 17, the rail 55a for transporting pieces is moved by one ring of segments in the direction of the shield machine excavation, thereby placing the rail 55a directly below the erector 59. At this time, moving the rail 55a for transporting pieces creates a gap between the rear end of the rail 55a and the front end of the rail 54 for transporting the carriage behind it, so a temporary rail 54a for transporting the carriage is installed in that gap, as shown in Figure 18.

[0017] Thereafter, the remaining pieces 53p on the segment cart 56 are transferred in order onto the rear end of the rail 55a by the transfer device 58, and are transported in order via the rail 55a to directly below the erector 59, where they are grasped in order by the erector 59, and one ring's worth of ring-shaped segments 53 are assembled in the gap 60 created by the excavation.

[0018] The above-described method of assembling segments requires a series of time-consuming and labor-intensive steps: placing a roller support on the bottom of the excavation hole, laying rails on the roller support, gripping the lower piece with an erector, removing the rails on the roller support and the roller support in sequence, placing the lower piece on the inner surface of the bottom of the excavation hole, laying rails on the piece, and assembling the remaining pieces through the rails on the lower piece.

[0019] This series of steps occurs every time a segment is assembled, and there is a need to eliminate this work in order to ensure smooth excavation using a shield machine.

[0020] The present invention has been made in light of the above-mentioned technical background, and aims to provide a technology that can eliminate the work of installing and removing roller supports during the segment assembly process during the initial excavation of a shield tunneling machine.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide a technique that can improve the efficiency of segment assembly work during excavation work using a shield tunneling machine.

[0022] Another object of the present invention is to provide a technique that can improve the efficiency of excavation work using a shield machine. [Means for solving the problem]

[0023] In order to solve the above problems, the segment assembly method of the present invention as set forth in claim 1 comprises the steps of: (a) using a shield machine to excavate a lower piece that constitutes the lower part of a current segment, which is made up of a plurality of pieces, while the lower piece is held by an erector of the shield machine; (b) installing the lower piece on the bottom surface of a space that has been created in the existing segment ahead of the shield machine in the excavation direction by the excavation of the shield machine, and then moving a conveyor rail for transporting the piece onto the lower piece; and (c) assembling the current segment and then assembling the lower piece by the shield machine, and then moving a conveyor rail for transporting the piece onto the lower piece. (d) a process of assembling the current segment by transporting the remaining pieces of the current segment on the segment cart below the erector by the piece transporting conveyor rails, gripping them in order by the erector, and attaching them in order to the inner surface of the excavation hole; (e) a process of, after assembling the current segment, transporting the lower piece of the next segment from the segment cart below the erector by the piece transporting conveyor rails and gripping them by the erector; and (f) a process of repeating steps (a) to (e).

[0024] The segment assembly method of the present invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, after process (b) and before process (c), it includes a process of laying an additional carriage transport rail for transporting the segment carriage behind the transport rail for transporting the pieces.

[0025] The segment assembly method of the present invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the remaining pieces of the current segment on the segment cart and the lower pieces of the next segment are stacked with the lower pieces located at the bottom. [Effects of the Invention]

[0026] According to the present invention, it is possible to omit the work of installing and removing roller supports during the segment assembly process during the initial excavation of a shield machine.

[0027] Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the efficiency of segment assembly work during excavation work using a shield tunneling machine.

[0028] Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the efficiency of excavation work using a shield machine. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] This is a side view of the main parts of the construction site during segment assembly during initial excavation by a shield tunneling machine, which is one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a side view of the main part of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a side view of the main part of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 4 is an enlarged plan view of the lower piece and its surrounding area after the process of FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a side view of the main part of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 3. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a side view of the main part of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 5. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a side view of the main part of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 6. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a side view of the main part of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a side view of the main part of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 8. [Figure 10]FIG. 10 is a side view of the main part of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 9. [Figure 11] This is a partial side view of a construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of a shield tunneling machine considered for comparison. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a partial side view of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 11 . [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a partial side view of the construction site during segment assembly during initial excavation by the shield machine after the process of FIG. 12. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a partial side view of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 13. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a partial side view of the construction site during segment assembly during initial excavation by the shield machine after the process of FIG. 14. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a partial side view of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 15. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a partial side view of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 16. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a partial side view of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of the shield machine after the process of FIG. 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings for explaining the embodiment, the same components are generally designated by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof will be omitted.

[0031] The segment assembly method of this embodiment is, for example, a segment assembly method for an earth pressure shield machine (hereinafter simply referred to as a shield machine) during initial excavation.

[0032] An example of a method for assembling segments according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 10. Figures 1 to 3 and 5 to 10 are side views of the main part of the construction site during segment assembly during the initial excavation of a shield machine.

[0033] As shown in Figure 1, a starting shaft VH dug vertically and an excavation hole LH excavated laterally from the inner surface of the starting shaft VH by a shield tunneling machine S are formed underground G in a state where they are interconnected. In this embodiment, the direction from the starting shaft VH toward the face F is referred to as the front, and the direction from the excavation hole LH toward the starting shaft VH is referred to as the rear.

[0034] The borehole LH is usually formed in a circular shape when viewed from the front. A plurality of annular segments SGR are installed adjacent to each other in the extension direction of the borehole LH.

[0035] Each annular segment SGR is assembled into a circular shape in front view by attaching multiple pieces SG along the inner circumferential direction of the excavation hole LH. The pieces SG that make up this annular segment SGR are made of, for example, reinforced concrete (RC) segments made primarily of concrete.

[0036] Two types of rails R and RR are laid in series on the inner bottom surface of these multiple annular segments SGR, from the departure shaft VH toward the shield tunneling machine S in the excavation tunnel LH.

[0037] The rear rail R is a rail for running transport carriages that carry materials, earth and sand, etc., and is made of, for example, steel material with a T-shaped or I-shaped cross section. This rail R is laid extending from inside the departure shaft VH to a position midway through the excavation hole LH, and on top of it, for example, a segment carriage ST that carries the segments SG and a battery locomotive BL that transports the segment carriage ST are arranged in a runnable state.

[0038] The rail RR in front of this rail R is a piece transport rail for transporting the pieces SG carried by the segment bogie ST directly below the erector E of the shield tunneling machine S, and is composed, for example, of a roller-type rail in which multiple rollers are supported in a freely rotatable state along the extension direction of the excavation hole LH.

[0039] This rail RR is laid in a state in which it extends from near the front end of the rail R to directly below the erector E. In addition, this rail RR is laid in a state in which it can move freely in the front-to-rear direction. The length of the rail RR in the front-to-rear direction is set to a length that is at least equal to or greater than the width of two pieces SG.

[0040] The shield tunneling machine S is an excavation device that takes in and fills the soil excavated by the cutter head C into a chamber CH, turning the soil into mud with high plastic fluidity, and uses the resulting soil pressure to stabilize the face F, while using the shield jack SJ to apply a reaction force to the segments SG to advance the shield tunneling machine S and construct the excavation tunnel LH.

[0041] The soil and sand taken into the chamber CH of the shield tunneling machine S is transported to the starting shaft VH side through the screw conveyor SC of the shield tunneling machine S and the transport pipe CT behind it.

[0042] The pieces on the segment carriage ST are turned 90 degrees by the transfer machine TM of the shield tunneling machine S and transferred onto the rail RR near the rear end. The pieces transferred onto the rail RR are pulled toward the shield tunneling machine S by a winch (not shown) or the like and transported directly below the erector E.

[0043] In addition, the piece transported directly below the erector E is grasped by the erector E and rotated along the inner circumference of the excavation hole LH by a hydraulic motor (not shown) or the like, and is transported and installed to an assembly position along the inner circumference of the excavation hole LH.

[0044] In this embodiment, piece SGb1 (SG) is held by the erector E of the shield tunneling machine S. This piece SGb1 does not constitute the annular segment SGR at the front end of Fig. 1, but is a piece for the lower part of an annular segment that is assembled adjacent to and further forward of this annular segment SGR at the front end.

[0045] In other words, piece SGb1 is a lower piece that constitutes the lower part of the annular segment (current segment) to be assembled in the gap that will be created between the shield tunneling machine S and the annular segment (existing segment) SGR at the front end of Figure 1 due to subsequent excavation.

[0046] The lower piece SGb1 is hatched to make the drawing easier to see. The process by which the lower piece SGb1 is held by the erector E will be described later.

[0047] First, as shown in Figure 2, the shield tunneling machine S excavates by the width of the piece SG. At this time, the shield tunneling machine S excavates while holding the lower piece SGb1 with its erector E, so that the lower piece SGb1 moves along with the movement of the shield tunneling machine S.

[0048] Next, by contracting the shield jack SJ, a gap SP is created between the rear end face of the shield jack SJ and the annular segment SGR at the front end. This gap SP becomes the segment installation area where the annular segment is installed.

[0049] Thereafter, as shown in Figure 3, the erector E is lowered and the lower piece SGb1 is placed on the inner bottom surface of the excavation hole LH in the gap SP. Here, Figure 4 is an enlarged plan view of the lower piece and its surrounding area after the process of Figure 3. As shown in Figure 4, after the lower piece SGb1 is placed on the inner bottom surface of the excavation hole LH, the lower piece SGb1 is pressed down and fixed by the shield jack SJ. Note that although Figure 4 is a plan view, the piece SGb1 has been hatched to make the drawing easier to see.

[0050] Next, as shown in Figure 5, after raising the erector E, the rail RR is slid by one ring of segments in the direction of shield tunneling. This places the front part of the rail RR on the lower piece SGb1. In this way, the rail RR is laid directly below the erector E.

[0051] As shown in Figure 4, the lower piece SGb1 is firmly fixed by the shield jack SJ, so the rail RR on the lower piece SGb1 is also laid in a stable state.

[0052] At this time, moving the rail RR for transporting pieces creates a gap without rails between the rear end of the rail RR and the front end of the rail R for transporting the carriages behind it, so a temporary rail Ra for transporting the carriages is installed in that gap, as shown in Figure 6. The length of the temporary rail Ra in the front-to-rear direction is set to the width of one piece SG. The configuration of the temporary rail Ra is the same as that of the rail R.

[0053] Next, as shown in Figure 7, the segment cart ST, which has been waiting in the departure shaft VH, is pushed by the battery locomotive BL and transported to the vicinity of the front end of the temporary rail Ra. On this segment cart ST are loaded the remaining pieces SG that will make up the annular segment (current segment) to be assembled in the gap SP this time, and one lower piece SGb2 (SG) that will make up the annular segment (next segment) to be reassembled after the shield tunneling machine S has excavated after the current segment has been assembled.

[0054] This segment SGb2 on the segment bogie ST does not constitute the annular segment to be assembled this time in the gap SP in Figure 7, but is a piece for the lower part of the next annular segment to be assembled adjacent to and further forward of the annular segment assembled in the gap SP in Figure 7. Note that the lower segment SGb2 on the segment bogie ST has also been hatched to make the drawing easier to see.

[0055] The remaining pieces SG of the current segment and the lower piece SGb2 of the next segment on the segment carriage ST are mounted with their longitudinal directions facing the extension direction of the excavation hole LH.

[0056] However, the remaining pieces SG of the current segment on the segment cart ST and the pieces SGb2 for the bottom of the next segment are stacked in a state where the segments SGb2 for the bottom of the next segment are located at the bottom.

[0057] This allows the lower piece SGb2 on the segment cart ST to be transported last, as will be described later. In other words, after the remaining pieces SG of the current segment on the segment cart ST have been transported in order to directly below the erector E, the lower piece SGb2 of the next segment on the segment cart ST can be transported directly below the erector E.

[0058] Next, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the remaining pieces SG on the segment carriage ST are transferred in order by the transfer machine TM onto the vicinity of the rear end of the rail RR. At this time, the transfer machine TM rotates the pieces SG by 90° along the bottom surface and transfers them onto the rail RR with the longitudinal direction of the pieces SG facing the width direction of the excavation hole LH (the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the excavation hole LH).

[0059] Next, the pieces SG transferred to the rail RR are pulled toward the shield tunneling machine S using a winch (not shown) or the like, and transported in sequence directly below the erector E, where they are grasped in sequence by the erector E and attached in sequence to the inner surface of the excavation hole LH, thereby assembling the annular segment SGR as shown in Figure 9.

[0060] Then, the piece SGb2 for the bottom of the next segment on the segment carriage ST is transferred to the vicinity of the rear end of the rail RR by the transfer machine TM in the same manner as above, and then, as shown in Figure 10, it is pulled to the side of the shield tunneling machine S by a winch (not shown) or the like and transported directly below the erector E.

[0061] Thereafter, the erector E is lowered, and the piece SGb2 for the lower part of the next segment is gripped by the erector E. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the erector E is raised while still gripping the piece SGb2.

[0062] In this embodiment, the process described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10 is repeated to assemble a plurality of annular segments SGR along the extension direction of the excavation hole LH during the initial excavation of the shield machine S.

[0063] In this embodiment, each time the shield tunneling machine S repeats excavation, a temporary rail Ra for carriage travel is added behind the rail RR for transporting pieces. Then, when the total length of the added temporary rails Ra reaches the length of the fixed-length rail for carriage travel of the multiple temporary rails Ra, the multiple temporary rails Ra are removed and fixed-length (unit length) rails (not shown) are installed instead. The configuration of the fixed-length rail is the same as that of the rail R.

[0064] Incidentally, the segment assembly method described above using Figures 11 to 18 requires a series of time-consuming and labor-intensive operations: placing a roller support on the bottom of the excavation hole, laying rails on the roller support, gripping the lower piece with an erector, removing the rails on the roller support and the roller support in order, placing the lower piece on the inner surface of the bottom of the excavation hole, laying rails on the piece, and assembling the remaining pieces through the rails on the lower piece.

[0065] This series of steps occurs every time a segment is assembled, and there is a need to eliminate this work in order to ensure smooth excavation using a shield machine.

[0066] In contrast, in this embodiment, it is possible to omit the work of setting up and removing roller supports during the segment assembly process during the initial excavation of the shield machine S. This improves the efficiency of segment assembly work during excavation work by the shield machine S, and therefore the efficiency of excavation work by the shield machine S.

[0067] The invention made by the inventor has been specifically described above based on the embodiments, but the embodiments disclosed in this specification are illustrative in all respects and are not limited to the disclosed technology. In other words, the technical scope of the present invention should not be interpreted restrictively based on the description of the above embodiments, but should be interpreted solely in accordance with the claims, and includes technologies equivalent to the technologies described in the claims and all modifications that do not deviate from the gist of the claims.

[0068] In the above embodiment, an example was given in which the pieces that make up the annular segment are made up of RC segments, but this is not limited to this.For example, the pieces may be made up of steel segments that use steel as the main material, or composite segments that integrate steel and concrete.

[0069] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, an example was given of a case in which rails for the segment bogies to run on are laid behind the shield tunneling machine and the pieces are transported by running the segment bogies along those rails, but this is not limited to this, and for example, the pieces may be transported by a self-propelled vehicle without laying rails for the segment bogies to run on behind the shield tunneling machine. [Industrial Applicability]

[0070] In the above explanation, the present invention is applied to an earth pressure shield machine, but the present invention can also be applied to a slurry shield machine. [Explanation of symbols]

[0071] G underground VH Departure shaft LH drilling hole F Face S Shield tunneling machine C cutter head CH Chamber SC screw conveyor CT transport pipe SJ Shield Jack TM transfer machine E Erector R rail (transport rail for cart transport) Ra Temporary rail RR rail (transport rail for piece transport) BL Battery Locomotive ST segment bogie SGR Annular Segment SG Piece SGb1, SGb2 pieces (lower pieces) SP Gap 50 Departure Shaft 51 Shield tunneling machine 52 Borehole 53 segments 53p piece 54 Rail 55a, 55b rails 56 Segment Bogie 57 Battery Loco 58 Transfer equipment 59 Erector 60 Gap 63 Roller support

Claims

1. (a) a step of excavating with a shield machine a lower piece constituting the lower part of the current segment, which is made up of a plurality of pieces, while the lower piece is held by an erector of the shield machine; (b) a process of installing the lower piece on the bottom surface of a space created in front of the excavation direction of the shield machine of the existing segment by the excavation of the shield machine, and then moving a conveyor rail for conveying the piece onto the lower piece; (c) a process of carrying a segment cart carrying the remaining pieces that make up the current segment and lower pieces that will make up the lower part of the next segment, which will be reassembled after the current segment is assembled and the shield machine has finished excavating, to the rear of the shield machine; (d) a process of assembling the current segment by transporting the remaining pieces of the current segment on the segment cart in order below the erector by the piece transporting conveyor rail, gripping them in order by the erector, and attaching them in order to the inner surface of the excavation hole; (e) after assembling the current segment, a piece for the lower part of the next segment of the segment cart is transported below the erector by the conveyor rail for conveying the piece and grasped by the erector; (f) repeating steps (a) to (e); A segment assembling method comprising the steps of:

2. 2. The segment assembling method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of laying an additional carriage transport rail for transporting the segment carriage behind the transport rail for transporting the pieces after the step (b) and before the step (c).

3. 3. A segment assembly method according to claim 1, wherein the remaining pieces of the current segment and the lower pieces of the next segment on the segment cart are stacked with the lower pieces positioned at the bottom.

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