Composition for suppressing bacterial count of eggerthella and bilophila species

Abstract

To provide a composition for suppressing bacterial count that effectively suppresses the bacterial count of Eggerthella and Bilophila species and thus contributes to prevention or therapy of type 2 diabetes, glucose metabolism disorder, and various infections derived from these bacteria.SOLUTION: The present invention provides a composition for suppressing the bacterial count of Eggerthella and / or Bilophila species, the composition comprising a yeast cell wall, particularly a composition in which the total of protein and dietary fiber is 70%(w / w) or more.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition for inhibiting the number of bacteria of the genus Eggerthella and / or Bilophila, which comprises a yeast cell wall. [Background technology]

[0002] Yeast cell walls are what remain after yeast extract is extracted from yeast by autolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, hot water extraction, etc. Yeast cell walls contain nutritional components such as protein and dietary fiber, and dietary fiber in particular has a glucan and mannan structure, and these components are known to have beneficial effects on the human intestinal environment.

[0003] Eggerthella lentha, a species of the genus Eggerthella, is a non-spore-forming, anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium belonging to the class Coriobacteria. While this bacterium is a constituent of the intestinal flora of healthy humans, it has recently been reported to be involved in polymicrobial infections originating from the gastrointestinal tract and in severe disseminated diseases, and has also been suggested to be involved in the onset or worsening of type 2 diabetes (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0004] Bilophila wadsworthia, a species of the genus Bilophila, is a nonsporeforming, anaerobic, Gram-negative bacillus belonging to the class Deltaproteobacteria. While this bacterium constitutes the intestinal flora of healthy humans, it has also been reported to be isolated from a variety of infectious diseases, including gangrenous and perforated appendicitis, peritonitis, osteomyelitis, and bacteremia, often in the form of polymicrobial infections (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0005] Furthermore, a cohort study of colorectal cancer patients confirmed that bile acids, including deoxycholic acid, are increased in the feces of colorectal cancer patients, and a correlation has been found between the relative abundance of Bilophila wardsworthia and the concentration of deoxycholic acid. It has also been reported that the ingestion of Bilophila wardsworthia in mice worsens high-fat diet-induced glucose metabolic dysfunction, and that it has an effect on glucose metabolic disorders (see, for example, non-patent document 2).

[0006] There have been reports to date about the effect of using yeast cell walls to suppress harmful bacteria (see, for example, Patent Document 2). However, there have been no reports about the effect of yeast cell walls on suppressing the number of bacteria of the genus Egasella and Bilophila. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-143020 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-22227 [Non-patent literature]

[0008] [Non-Patent Document 1] Sawamura, Haruki et al., Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1997, 71, 7:614-619. [Non-patent document 2] S Yachida, et al., Nature Medicine, 2019, 25, 968-976. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] The present inventors believed that suppressing the bacterial count of Egasella bacteria in the body would contribute to the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes and various infectious diseases caused by these bacteria, and that suppressing the bacterial count of Bilophila bacteria in the body would contribute to the prevention and treatment of glucose metabolism disorders and various infectious diseases caused by these bacteria. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a composition for suppressing bacterial count that can effectively suppress the bacterial count of Egasella bacteria and Bilophila bacteria, and thereby contribute to the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, glucose metabolism disorders, and various infectious diseases caused by these bacteria. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] As a result of intensive research to solve this problem, we discovered that a composition containing yeast cell walls, particularly a composition having a total of 70% (w / w) or more of protein and dietary fiber, is useful for suppressing the number of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila, and thus completed the present invention.

[0011] The present invention is as follows. [1] A composition for inhibiting the number of bacteria of the genus Eggerthella and / or Bilophila, comprising a yeast cell wall. [2] The composition described in [1], wherein the total amount of protein and dietary fiber contained in the composition is 70% (w / w) or more. [3] The composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the amount of protein contained in the composition is 20% (w / w) or more. [4] The composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the amount of dietary fiber contained in the composition is 30% (w / w) or more. [5] The composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the composition is a water-insoluble fraction obtained after an extraction treatment of yeast. [6] The composition according to [5], wherein the water-insoluble fraction is a water-insoluble fraction obtained after hot water extraction treatment of yeast. [7] The composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the composition is a product of treating a water-insoluble fraction of yeast with a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme. [8] The composition described in [7], wherein the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is glucanase. [9] A composition comprising yeast cell walls for use in suppressing the population of Eggerthella and / or Bilophila bacteria.

[10] The composition described in [9], wherein the total amount of protein and dietary fiber contained in the composition is 70% (w / w) or more.

[11] A method for suppressing the number of bacteria of the genus Eggerthella and / or Bilophila, comprising administering a composition containing yeast cell walls to a mammal.

[12] The method according to

[11] , wherein the total amount of protein and dietary fiber contained in the composition is 70% (w / w) or more. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, a composition for inhibiting the bacterial count of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila can be provided using inexpensive and easily available yeast cell walls as a raw material. The composition containing the yeast cell wall of the present invention is useful for inhibiting the bacterial count of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila, and is particularly useful for inhibiting the bacterial count of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila in the intestinal bacterial flora. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] The present invention relates to a composition for inhibiting the number of bacteria of the genus Eggerthella and / or Bilophila, which comprises a yeast cell wall.

[0014] The "yeast" of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is applicable to the food industry, and examples thereof include yeast for beer production, yeast for bread production, and yeast for sake production. Alternatively, examples of yeast include, but are not limited to, those belonging to genera such as Saccharomyces, Saccharomycodes, Rhodotorula, Endomycopsis, Nematospora, Brettanomyces, Candida, and Torulopsis. Of these, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces pastorianus, and Saccharomyces bayanus are preferred. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, the yeast may be available as dry yeast.

[0015] The "yeast cell wall" used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it includes the cell wall of yeast, but typically includes the residue (water-insoluble fraction) of yeast or yeast cells obtained after subjecting yeast to an extraction treatment. The yeast cell wall may be, for example, yeast cells remaining as a residue after subjecting yeast to a known extraction treatment such as autolysis treatment (protease treatment), hot water treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment, and / or mechanical disruption treatment, and removing the supernatant (water-soluble fraction (yeast extract)) separated by centrifugation or the like.

[0016] Furthermore, the "yeast cell wall" used in the present invention may be a yeast cell residue (water-insoluble fraction) treated with at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of cell wall-degrading enzymes such as protein-degrading enzymes (proteases) and polysaccharide-degrading enzymes.

[0017] The protease (protease) may be crudely extracted or purified from animals, plants, microorganisms, or the culture supernatant of microorganisms using known methods, or may be available as a reagent. The protease is not particularly limited as long as it can decompose the proteins that constitute the yeast cell wall. Examples include proteases such as serine protease, cysteine ​​protease, threonine protease, aspartic acid protease, glutamic acid protease, metalloprotease, and asparagine peptide lyase, as well as peptidases such as exopeptidases and endopeptidases. These proteases may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0018] The polysaccharide-degrading enzymes used may be crudely extracted or purified from animals, plants, microorganisms, or microbial culture supernatants using known methods, or may be available as reagents. The polysaccharide-degrading enzymes are not particularly limited as long as they can decompose polysaccharides that constitute yeast cell walls, such as glucans and mannans, and examples include cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, glucanase, mannanase, and β-glucosidase. These polysaccharide-degrading enzymes may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0019] The polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is preferably glucanase or mannanase, more preferably glucanase.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is a glucanase having endo activity (preferably having only endo activity).

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is a glucanase derived from Streptomyces and having β-1,3, β-1,4, and / or β-1,6 activity and endo activity (preferably, only endo activity).

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is a glucanase that does not have protease activity.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is a glucanase derived from Streptomyces, having β-1,3, β-1,4, and / or β-1,6 activity, endo activity (preferably only endo activity), and no protease activity.

[0024] Therefore, one embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing a composition for inhibiting the number of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila, which comprises yeast cell walls, the method comprising: (A) subjecting the yeast to an extraction treatment; and (B) Recovering the water-insoluble fraction of the treated product obtained in (A). The present invention provides a method comprising:

[0025] In the extraction treatment in step (A), the yeast is subjected to a known extraction treatment such as autolysis treatment (protease treatment), hot water treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment, and / or mechanical disruption treatment.

[0026] In step (B), the method for recovering the water-insoluble fraction from the treated product obtained in step (A) is not particularly limited as long as it can remove the water-soluble fraction and recover the water-insoluble fraction, and examples thereof include leaving the mixture to stand, centrifugation (e.g., about 100 to about 10,000 g), decanting, etc.

[0027] The water-insoluble fraction recovered in step (B) may be used as is as "yeast cell walls" or "yeast cell wall-containing composition", or, if necessary, may be further purified (e.g., HPLC, ultrafiltration, etc.), concentrated (e.g., air drying, vacuum filtration, etc.), sterilized (e.g., heat sterilization, filtration sterilization, etc.), dried (e.g., air drying, heating, vacuum, spray drying, etc.) and the like to be used as "yeast cell walls" or "yeast cell wall-containing composition". The conditions for these steps can be adjusted as appropriate by those skilled in the art.

[0028] Another embodiment of the "composition containing yeast cell walls" of the present invention is a yeast cell residue (water-insoluble fraction) obtained by subjecting yeast to hot water extraction treatment, separating the supernatant (water-soluble fraction (yeast extract)) by centrifugation or the like, and then removing the residue, and optionally sterilizing, drying, or the like, or a composition containing said residue.

[0029] Therefore, another embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing a composition for inhibiting the population of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila, comprising yeast cell walls, the method comprising: (a 1 ) subjecting the yeast to a hot water extraction treatment; and (b 1 )(a 1 ) recovering the water-insoluble fraction of the treated product obtained in The present invention provides a method comprising:

[0030] (a 1 In the hot water extraction treatment in step (2), the yeast is subjected to hot water extraction treatment at, for example, about 90 to 110°C for about 1 to 24 hours under normal pressure or pressure. (b 1 In the process of (a 1 The water-insoluble fraction of the treated product obtained in step (2) can be recovered in the same manner as in step (B) above.

[0031] Another embodiment of the "composition containing yeast cell walls" of the present invention is a yeast cell residue (water-insoluble fraction) obtained by subjecting yeast to hot water extraction treatment, for example, as described above, followed by further treatment with a cell wall-degrading enzyme, and then removing the supernatant (water-soluble fraction (yeast extract)) separated by centrifugation or the like, and then optionally sterilizing, drying, or the like, the residue, or a composition containing said residue.

[0032] Therefore, another embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing a composition for inhibiting the population of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila, comprising yeast cell walls, the method comprising: (a 1 ) subjecting the yeast to a hot water extraction treatment; (a 2 )(a 1) treating the treated product with a cell wall-decomposing enzyme; (b 1 )(a 2 ) recovering the water-insoluble fraction of the treated product obtained in The present invention provides a method comprising:

[0033] (a 1 In the hot water extraction treatment in step (2), the yeast is subjected to hot water extraction treatment at, for example, about 90 to 110°C for about 1 to 24 hours under normal pressure or pressure.

[0034] (a 2 The cell wall decomposing enzyme treatment in the step (a 1 A cell wall-degrading enzyme is added to the treated product obtained in step (3), and the enzymatic reaction is carried out, for example, at a temperature above 0 to less than about 100°C (preferably about 10 to about 70°C, more preferably about 25 to about 65°C, and even more preferably about 40 to about 60°C), for about 0.5 to about 120 hours (preferably about 0.5 to about 60 hours, more preferably about 1 to about 24 hours, even more preferably about 3 hours to about 24 hours, and still more preferably about 12 to about 24 hours), at a pH of about 1 to about 12 (preferably about 2 to about 10, more preferably about 3 to about 9, and even more preferably about 4 to about 6).

[0035] Above (a 2 The "cell wall-degrading enzyme" in the above is as described above. (a 2 After step (a), the cell wall-decomposing enzyme may be inactivated by high temperature treatment, acid or alkali treatment, etc., if necessary. 2 After step (2), the cell wall-decomposing enzyme may be separated and removed by centrifugation or the like. (b 1 In the process of (a 2 The water-insoluble fraction of the treated product obtained in step (2) can be recovered in the same manner as in step (B) above.

[0036] Furthermore, another embodiment of the "composition containing yeast cell walls" of the present invention is a composition containing the above-mentioned (A) and (B) ((a 1 ), (a 2 ), and / or (b 1The yeast extract is a residue obtained by treating a suspension of yeast cell residue (water-insoluble fraction) obtained through the process of (including) the above with a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme, separating the supernatant (water-soluble fraction (yeast extract)) by centrifugation or the like, and concentrating, drying, or the like, or a composition containing the residue.

[0037] Therefore, another embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing a composition for inhibiting the population of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila, comprising yeast cell walls, the method comprising: (c) treating the yeast extract cell residue with a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme; and (d) recovering the water-soluble fraction of the treated product obtained in (c); or methods similar thereto.

[0038] The "yeast extract cell residue" in the step (c) is as described above, and is preferably the residue of yeast cells after hot water extraction treatment and / or cell wall-degrading enzyme treatment of yeast.

[0039] The "polysaccharide-degrading enzyme" in step (c) above is as described above, and is preferably glucanase.

[0040] The "treatment" in step (c) above is not particularly limited as long as the conditions are such that the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme can decompose the yeast cell walls contained in the yeast extract cell residue, and can be appropriately changed depending on the origin of the yeast cell walls, the type and / or amount of the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme, the desired properties, etc. The treatment is usually carried out in a desired solvent (e.g., water). For example, it is carried out using a suspension of the yeast extract cell residue in a solvent (e.g., water). If necessary, the suspension may be subjected to a sterilization treatment (e.g., heat sterilization, filtration sterilization, etc.). The treatment of yeast extract cell residue with the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme can be carried out, for example, at a temperature above 0°C and below 100°C (preferably 10 to 70°C, more preferably 25 to 65°C, and even more preferably 40 to 60°C), for 0.5 to 120 hours (preferably 0.5 to 60 hours, more preferably 1 to 24 hours, even more preferably 3 to 24 hours, and still more preferably 12 to 24 hours), and at a pH of 1 to 12 (preferably pH 2 to 10, more preferably pH 3 to 8, and even more preferably pH 4 to 6). After the above treatment, the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme may be inactivated by high-temperature treatment, acid or alkali treatment, etc., if necessary.

[0041] In the above step (d), the water-soluble fraction of the treated product obtained in step (c) can be recovered by any method that can remove the water-insoluble fraction and recover the water-soluble fraction, such as by leaving the mixture to stand, centrifuging (e.g., at 100 to 10,000 g), or decanting.

[0042] The water-soluble fraction recovered in step (d) above may be used as is as the "yeast cell wall" or "yeast cell wall-containing composition," or, if necessary, may be further purified (e.g., HPLC, ultrafiltration, etc.), concentrated (e.g., air-drying, vacuum filtration, etc.), sterilized (e.g., heat sterilization, filtration sterilization, etc.), dried (e.g., air-drying, heating, vacuum, spray drying, etc.) and the like to be used as the "yeast cell wall" or "yeast cell wall-containing composition." The conditions for these steps can be adjusted as appropriate by those skilled in the art.

[0043] In one embodiment of the composition of the present invention, the total amount of protein and dietary fiber in the composition is 60% (w / w) or more, preferably 70% (w / w) or more. In another embodiment of the composition of the present invention, the amount of protein in the composition is 10% (w / w) or more, preferably 20% (w / w) or more, more preferably 25% (w / w) or more. In another embodiment of the composition of the present invention, the amount of dietary fiber in the composition is 20% (w / w) or more, preferably 30% (w / w) or more. The dietary fiber and protein contents in the composition can be measured by methods known to those skilled in the art, typically according to the analytical method specified in the Food Labeling Standards. For example, as in the Examples described below, the dietary fiber content can be measured according to the high-performance liquid chromatography method (enzyme-HPLC method) specified in the Food Labeling Standards, and the protein content can be measured according to the combustion method specified in the Food Labeling Standards.

[0044] In the present invention, "dietary fiber" is not particularly limited as long as it is an oligosaccharide or polysaccharide derived from yeast cell walls, and may be a combination of two or more kinds. Examples of "dietary fiber" include, but are not limited to, sucrose, lactose, maltose, trehalose, turanose, cellobiose, raffinose, maltotriose, stachyose, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, mannanoligosaccharides, glycogen, starch, cellulose, dextrin, glucan, fructan, chitin, etc.

[0045] In the present invention, the term "protein" is not particularly limited as long as it is a peptide or protein consisting of two or more amino acids derived from yeast cell walls, and may be a combination of two or more types.

[0046] In the present invention, "Eggerthella bacteria" belong to the class Coriobacteria, order Eggerthellales, and family Eggerthellaceae. Examples of microorganisms of the genus Eggerthella include Eggerthella lentha, Eggerthella sinensis, Eggerthella brachy, Eggerthella hongkongensis, Eggerthella infirmum, Eggerthella minutum, Eggerthella nodatum, Eggerthella saphenum, Eggerthella sulci, and Eggerthella tenue.

[0047] In the present invention, "bacteria of the genus Bilophila" belong to the class Desulfovibrionia, order Desulfovibriones, and family Desulfovibriona. An example of a microorganism of the genus Bilophila is Bilophila wadsworthia.

[0048] "Suppressing the number of bacteria" of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila means suppressing an increase in the number of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila in any cell, tissue, organ, etc. of a living organism (mammal) that has ingested the composition of the present invention. Specifically, it means suppressing an increase in the relative abundance ratio (%) of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila in the bacterial flora of any cell, tissue, organ, etc. of a living organism (mammal) before and after ingesting the composition of the present invention. In particular, it means a decrease in the relative abundance ratio (%) of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila in the intestinal bacterial flora of a living organism (mammal) before and after ingesting the composition of the present invention.

[0049] For example, since the number of Egasella / Bilophila bacteria in the intestine (intestinal flora) is thought to correlate with the number of Egasella / Bilophila bacteria in feces, measuring the number of bacteria in feces can confirm whether the number of Egasella / Bilophila bacteria in the intestine has been suppressed. For example, 16S metagenomic analysis of the intestinal flora can be performed using feces before and after ingestion of the composition of the present invention, or feces from an organism that has ingested the composition and feces from an organism that has not. Real-time PCR is performed using primers specific to Egasella and Bilophila bacteria, respectively, to measure the 16S rDNA gene (16S rDNA) copy number. Because the 16S rDNA copy number of each bacterium correlates with the bacterial count, the 16S rDNA copy number can be used as an indicator of the bacterial count. Specifically, the relative abundance ratio (%) of Egasella and / or Bilophila bacteria can be measured using MGScreening (registered trademark) from Metagen Co., Ltd., or in accordance with the method described in Patent No. 7051175 or Patent Document 1 (JP 2020-143020 A).

[0050] The composition of the present invention for inhibiting the bacterial count of Egasella bacteria and / or Bilophila bacteria can be provided, for example, as a pharmaceutical composition or a food composition. When the composition for inhibiting the bacterial count of Egasella and / or Bilophila bacteria of the present invention is provided as a pharmaceutical or food composition, it may contain any pharmaceutically or food-grade acceptable additives in addition to the yeast cell walls. Examples of optional additives that may be contained in the composition of the present invention (e.g., pharmaceutical composition, food composition) include, but are not limited to, excipients, lubricants, binders, disintegrants, pH adjusters, solvents, solubilizers, suspending agents, isotonicity agents, buffers, soothing agents, preservatives, antioxidants, colorants, sweeteners, surfactants, etc. Known additives can be used, and the amount used can be adjusted appropriately by those skilled in the art depending on the purpose.

[0051] The composition of the present invention may be formulated as a pharmaceutical composition or a food composition together with the above-mentioned additives by a method known per se, for example, into tablets, coated tablets, orally disintegrating tablets, chewable tablets, pills, granules, fine granules, powders, hard capsules, soft capsules, liquids (including, for example, syrups for children), suspensions, emulsions, jellies, etc. Alternatively, the composition of the present invention may be processed into a food composition in the form of juices, confectioneries, medicinal jellies, other processed foods, and the like.

[0052] The amount of the composition of the present invention to be applied is not particularly limited, as long as the object of the present invention, which is to suppress the bacterial count of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila, can be achieved. The content of yeast cell walls (dry mass) relative to the total amount of the pharmaceutical composition, food composition, etc., or a formulation thereof, can be, for example, 0.00001 to 100% by mass, preferably 0.0001 to 50% by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 30% by mass, and even more preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass.

[0053] The compositions of the present invention are useful for treating diseases that can be prevented, alleviated, and / or cured by suppressing the bacterial count of Egasella and / or Bilophila bacteria, including bacteremia, sinusitis, pyomyositis, skin abscess, spondylodiscitis, and liver abscess caused by Egasella bacteria; gangrenous or perforated appendicitis, peritonitis, osteomyelitis, and bacteremia caused by Bilophila bacteria; cancer, type 2 diabetes, etc.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention relates to the use of a composition for inhibiting bacterial counts comprising yeast cell walls for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disease that can be prevented, alleviated and / or cured by inhibiting the bacterial counts of Egasella and / or Bilophila bacteria.

[0055] In another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention relates to a method for treating a disease that is prevented, alleviated, and / or cured by suppressing the number of bacteria of the genus Egasella and / or Bilophila, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a composition for suppressing the number of bacteria comprising yeast cell walls, as described in each of the specific embodiments above. [Example]

[0056] The present invention will be described in more detail below using examples, but these examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

[0057] [Example 1] Dry yeast (Hyper Yeast HG-DY, manufactured by Asahi Group Foods Co., Ltd.) was extracted with hot water, and the water-insoluble fraction obtained by centrifugation was dried to obtain a yeast extract cell residue. The resulting suspension of the yeast extract cell residue was sterilized in an autoclave and spray-dried to obtain the composition of Example 1.

[0058] [Example 2] Yeast cell walls (Asahi Group Foods Co., Ltd., yeast cell walls SCW) were used.

[0059] [Example 3] A suspension of the composition of Example 1 (16%, in water) was sterilized in an autoclave (121°C, 20 minutes). Glucanase (Denazyme GEL1 / R, manufactured by Nagase Industries Co., Ltd.) was added to the sterilized suspension at 50°C and pH 5.5 in an amount of 0.5% by mass relative to the dry mass of the yeast extract cell residue, and the mixture was treated at 50°C for 20 hours. The treated product was then heated to approximately 80°C to inactivate the glucanase, and the supernatant was concentrated and spray-dried to obtain the composition of Example 3.

[0060] [Example 4] A suspension of the composition of Example 2 (16%, in water) was sterilized in an autoclave (121°C, 20 minutes). 0.5% by mass of glucanase (Denazyme GEL1 / R, manufactured by Nagase Sangyo Co., Ltd.) based on the dry mass of the composition was added to the sterilized suspension at 50°C and pH 5.5, and the mixture was treated at 50°C for 20 hours. The treated product was then heated to approximately 80°C to inactivate the glucanase, and the supernatant was concentrated and spray-dried to obtain the composition of Example 4.

[0061] [Comparative Example 1] In the comparative example, water sterilized in an autoclave (121°C, 20 minutes) was used.

[0062] The dietary fiber and protein contents (by weight) in the compositions of Examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 1. The dietary fiber content was measured according to the high performance liquid chromatography (enzyme-HPLC) method in the analytical method of the Food Labeling Standards, and the protein content was measured according to the combustion method in the analytical method of the Food Labeling Standards.

[0063] [Table 1]

[0064] [Test Example 1] Examination of the bacterial count suppression effect of Egasella bacteria The effect of each of the compositions of Examples 1 to 4 on the intestinal environment was evaluated by measuring changes in Egasella bacteria. The evaluation was carried out according to MGScreening (registered trademark) by Metagen Co., Ltd. (the method described in Japanese Patent No. 7051175), in which fecal samples 1 to 6 (final concentration 0.3% (w / v)) from six Japanese individuals with different intestinal bacterial flora were mixed with each of the compositions of Examples 1 to 4 (final concentration 0.1% (w / v)), and the samples were anaerobically cultured for 16 hours, followed by 16S metagenomic analysis of the intestinal bacterial flora. In Table 2, the abundance ratio values ​​are the average values ​​for samples 1 to 6. The range of values ​​for each group is shown in parentheses.

[0065] [Table 2]

[0066] As shown in Table 2, in the group of Comparative Example 1, the abundance ratio of 16S rDNA of Egasella bacteria was 0.176% at the start of the test and 0.305% at the end of the test, indicating an increase. In contrast, in the group of Example 1, the abundance ratio of 16S rDNA of Egasella bacteria was 0.100% at the end of the test, 0.113% in the group of Example 2, 0.062% in the group of Example 3, and 0.081% in the group of Example 4, indicating a decrease. These results demonstrate that the addition of yeast cell walls reduces the abundance ratio of 16S rDNA of Egasella bacteria in feces. In other words, it was revealed that yeast cell walls have the effect of suppressing the number of Egasella bacteria.

[0067] [Test Example 2] Examination of the bacterial count suppression effect of Bilophila bacteria The influence of each of the compositions of Examples 1 to 4 on the intestinal environment was evaluated based on the change in Bilophila bacteria. The evaluation was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 1. In Table 3, the abundance ratio values ​​are the average values ​​for samples 1 to 6. The range of values ​​for each group is shown in parentheses.

[0068] [Table 3]

[0069] As shown in Table 3, in the group of Comparative Example 1, the abundance ratio of 16S rDNA of Bilophila bacteria was 0.173% at the start of the test, but increased to 0.324% at the end of the test. In contrast, in the group of Example 1, the abundance ratio of 16S rDNA of Bilophila bacteria was 0.148% at the end of the test, 0.154% in the group of Example 2, 0.107% in the group of Example 3, and 0.117% in the group of Example 4, indicating a decrease. From these results, it was revealed that the addition of yeast cell walls reduces the abundance ratio of 16S rDNA of Bilophila bacteria in feces. In other words, it was revealed that yeast cell walls have the effect of suppressing the number of Bilophila bacteria. [Industrial Applicability]

[0070] The composition containing the yeast cell wall of the present invention is useful for suppressing the number of Egasella and / or Bilophila bacteria, and is particularly useful for suppressing the number of Egasella and / or Bilophila bacteria in the intestinal flora.

Claims

1. A composition for inhibiting the number of bacteria of the genus Eggerthella and / or Bilophila, comprising a yeast cell wall.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of protein and dietary fiber contained in the composition is 70% (w / w) or more.

3. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition contains 20% (w / w) or more of protein.

4. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition contains 30% (w / w) or more dietary fiber.

5. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is a water-insoluble fraction obtained after an extraction treatment of yeast.

6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein the water-insoluble fraction is a water-insoluble fraction obtained after hot water extraction treatment of yeast.

7. 2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme-treated product of a water-insoluble fraction of yeast.

8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is a glucanase.

9. A composition comprising yeast cell walls for use in inhibiting the population of bacteria of the genus Eggerthella and / or Bilophila.

10. The composition according to claim 9, wherein the total amount of protein and dietary fiber contained in the composition is 70% (w / w) or more.

11. A method for inhibiting the number of bacteria of the genus Eggerthella and / or Bilophila, which comprises administering a composition containing yeast cell walls to a mammal.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the composition contains a total amount of protein and dietary fiber of 70% (w / w) or more.

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