Disaster-resistant building

Abstract

To provide a disaster-resistant building capable of safely raising and lowering structures such as living spaces and warehouses, along with their movable bases, even when power is unavailable.SOLUTION: A disaster-resistant building 1a of the present invention comprises: four square tubular pillars 3 made of structural steel erected on the ground GL; a horizontally installed foundation frame 4a; a movable base 4 having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view and including multiple support legs 4b installed on the underside of the foundation frame 4a with seismic isolation rubber attached to their lower ends; a living space 2 installed on an upper surface of the movable base 4 and supported from below by the movable base 4; and lifting / lowering means 5 installed on the pillars 3 to move the movable base 4 in a vertical direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a disaster prevention building equipped with a movable base for moving buildings such as living spaces and warehouses upward to avoid being affected by tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, mudslides, etc., in the event of such occurrence, and in particular to a disaster prevention building that can safely raise and lower buildings such as living spaces and warehouses together with the movable base even when electricity is unavailable. [Background technology]

[0002] When buildings collapse due to an earthquake or are destroyed by fire, they can be repaired or rebuilt, allowing people to return to normal life in a relatively short period of time.However, when buildings are flooded by tsunamis or river flooding, even after the water recedes, the mud and bulky debris that has gotten inside must be removed, which means that recovery takes time.

[0003] To address these issues, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention entitled "Floating Artificial Ground and Floating Disaster Prevention House," which relates to a house that normally floats in a water tank, but floats along guide supports when the water level rises due to a flood or other event. Using the symbols shown in the drawings of Patent Document 1, the floating disaster prevention house 1 described in Patent Document 1 has a structure comprising a floating ground 20 that floats on the water surface while floating on the stored water W filled in a water tank 30, a plurality of guide posts 40 fixed to the external area of ​​the water tank 20 so as to protrude upward, a connecting member 50 having an insertion hole 50a into which the guide posts 40 can be freely slidably inserted and fixed to the floating ground 20, an annular spring 52 that defines the insertion hole 50a of the connecting member 50, and a flap member 21 having a flow hole 22 and fixed to the bottom surface 20a of the floating ground 20 in a cross-shaped state.

[0004] According to this structure, the floating ground 20 floating in the stored water W is connected to the guide support 4 via the ring spring 52, so that even in the event of an earthquake, the impact force acting on the floating ground 20 due to the seismic shaking is mitigated, and the floating ground 20 rises smoothly as the surrounding water level rises. This makes it possible to avoid damage caused by earthquakes, tsunamis, etc.

[0005] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses an invention entitled "Lift-up device and building equipped with same" that relates to a device that is installed between the foundation and the building body to lift up the building body when flooding occurs, and a building equipped with the device. Using the symbols shown in the drawings of Patent Document 2, the detached house 10 described in Patent Document 2 has a structure comprising a building main body 12 installed on a slab foundation 11, four guide posts arranged at the four corners of the building main body 12, and two lift-up devices 13 interposed between the slab foundation 11 and the building main body 12. With this structure, the building body 12 can be raised and lowered in a stable state by the lift-up device 13.

[0006] Furthermore, Patent Document 3 discloses an invention entitled "Disaster Prevention House" relating to a house in which the living space can be raised and lowered vertically to adjust its height. Using the symbols shown in the drawings of Patent Document 3, the invention disclosed in Patent Document 3 is a prefabricated house structure consisting of one box carpart 2 and a pair of PC slabs 3, and is characterized by having a lifting mechanism 4 and a conversion device 5 attached to the upper part of the beam of the box carpart 2, and a foundation lifting device 7 connected to a movable foundation 14. With this structure, the living space arranged on the movable base 14 can be raised and lowered to adjust its height.

[0007] Patent document 4, titled "Residential structure and earthquake-isolated house equipped with same," discloses an invention relating to a residential structure with a high strength living space and a house equipped with this residential structure that allows the living space to be moved upward. Using the symbols shown in the drawings of Patent Document 4, the invention disclosed in Patent Document 4 comprises a foundation frame 19a made up of eight steel beams 5d assembled to form the sides of a quadrangular pyramid whose base is rhombus-shaped and whose four ridges are all equal in length, and a living space 2 made up of a pair of rectangular wall panels 2d, 2d whose lower ends form the two diagonals of the rhombus and are installed perpendicular to the base.

[0008] Furthermore, the structure is equipped with four pillars 3 that are installed to surround the living space 2 and are parallel to the vertical direction, four guide members 11a that connect the living space 2 to each of the four pillars 3 so that it can move only in the longitudinal direction, a reinforcing member 5 consisting of multiple steel beams 5a, 5b installed at the upper ends of the pillars 3 so as to connect the four pillars 3 to each other, a connecting member 9 consisting of steel beams 9a, a wire rope 7 partially connected to the connecting member 9, a winch 6 installed on the reinforcing member 5 so as to be able to lift the living space 2 via the wire rope 7, and an electric motor that drives the winch 6.The bottom of the living space 2 is installed so as to be parallel to the horizontal direction, and the lower end of the connecting member 9 is connected to the apex of the foundation frame 19a.When the living space 2 is viewed in a plane, the four pillars 3 and four guide members 11a are arranged close to each apex of a diamond. With this structure, damage from tsunamis, floods, etc. can be reliably avoided by lifting the living space 2 with the winch 6. In addition, since the posture of the living space 2 is unlikely to change when moved, the living space 2 can be moved accurately to a safe height in a short amount of time. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-080760 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2022-142279 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2023-57511 [Patent Document 4] Patent No. 6537218 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1, the floating ground 20 is suspended in the stored water W in the water tank 30, but if the water level in the water tank 30 suddenly increases due to a river flood or the like, the rate at which the floating ground 20 rises may not keep up with the rate at which the water level in the water tank 30 rises, and the floating ground 20 may not rise smoothly. Also, if the water in the water tank 30 is rippling significantly, the inclination of the floating ground 20 increases, and the inner surface of the insertion hole 50a of the connecting member 50 may come into contact with the guide support 40, which is likely to hinder the floating ground 20 from rising. In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, when the building main body 12 is lifted up during flooding, the through shaft 24 of the lift-up device 13 is designed to be submerged in water, so there is a risk that debris will get stuck in the through shaft 24, rendering the pair of X-link mechanisms 21 inoperable, and making it impossible to lower the building main body 12. Although Patent Document 3 describes that the lifting mechanism 4 of the movable base 14 has a function that allows it to be manually operated in the event of a power outage, etc., the invention disclosed in Patent Document 3 has the problem that the manual handle 15 is installed on the top of the beam of the box carpart 2, and when manually operating the lifting mechanism 4, it is necessary to move to the location of the manual handle 15, which makes it difficult to respond quickly. The invention disclosed in Patent Document 4 has a problem in that the winch 6 cannot lift the living space 2 when power is not supplied to the electric motor.

[0011] The present invention was made to address such conventional circumstances, and aims to provide a disaster prevention building that can safely raise and lower buildings such as living spaces and warehouses together with a movable base even when electricity is not available. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the disaster prevention building of the first invention comprises a movable base that supports the building from below, at least two pillars arranged parallel to the vertical direction and surrounding the movable base, and a lifting means installed on the pillars to move the movable base up and down, wherein the lifting means comprises a gearbox installed on the pillars and amplifying the torque input to the input shaft and outputting it from the output shaft, a first fixed pulley installed on the pillars, a manual winch installed on the pillar below the first fixed pulley, a first wire rope having one end that can be wound around the input shaft of the gearbox and the other end that can be wound by the manual winch, and a second wire rope having one end that can be wound around the output shaft of the gearbox and is hung on the first fixed pulley, wherein the other end of the second wire rope is connected to the movable base, or the part of the second wire rope between the other end of the second wire rope and the first fixed pulley is connected to the movable base.

[0013] In the first invention, when the manual winch is operated to wind up the first wire rope, the output shaft rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the input shaft of the gearbox, causing the second wire rope to be wound around the output shaft of the gearbox, and as a result, the movable base connected to the other end of the second wire rope or the portion between the first fixed pulley and the other end of the second wire rope is lifted by the second wire rope. At this time, the gearbox has the effect of amplifying the torque input to the input shaft by the first wire rope and outputting it from the output shaft. Also, in this state, when the manual winch is rotated in the reverse direction, the first wire rope is unwound from the manual winch, reducing the tension in the first wire rope and the second wire rope, causing the movable base to move downward under its own weight. That is, in the first invention, by operating the manual winch, the building supported from below by the movable base rises or falls together with the movable base. Furthermore, when the movable base is raised and the building is lifted together with the movable base by the second wire rope, there is no risk of vibrations from the ground being transmitted directly to the building.

[0014] The second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the lifting means is provided with a second fixed pulley installed on a support and a second wire rope is hung between the first fixed pulley and the movable base. In the second invention, in addition to the effect of the first invention, the part of the second wire rope between the first fixed pulley and the movable base is guided by the second fixed pulley so as to move up and down along the longitudinal direction of the support.

[0015] The third invention is characterized in that, in the second invention, the lifting means comprises a movable pulley installed on the upper surface of the movable base, the other end of the second wire rope is fixed to the support near the second fixed pulley, and the second wire rope is connected to the movable base so that the portion between the first fixed pulley and the other end of the second wire rope is hung on the movable pulley. In the third invention, in addition to the effect of the second invention, when the movable base is lifted, an upward force twice as large as the tension generated in the second wire rope is applied to the movable pulley.

[0016] A fourth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to third inventions, a guide member is provided on the outside of the movable base so as to surround the support column. In the fourth invention, in addition to the effect of any one of the first to third inventions, when the movable base is lifted, the guide member accurately guides the movable base in the vertical direction along the longitudinal direction of the support.

[0017] The fifth invention is characterized in that, in any of the first to third inventions, it comprises an electric motor that rotates the input shaft or output shaft of the gearbox, and an electromagnetic clutch that switches the transmission state of the driving force of the electric motor to the input shaft or output shaft, and the electric motor and the electromagnetic clutch are installed on a support. In the fifth invention, in addition to the effect of any one of the first to third inventions, when the driving force of the electric motor is transmitted to the input shaft or output shaft of the gearbox, the movable base moves up and down at a higher speed than when a manual winch is used.

[0018] A sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, a storage battery is provided which is installed on the support and supplies power to the electric motor and the electromagnetic clutch. In the sixth invention, in addition to the effect of the fifth invention, the storage battery can provide the power required to operate the electric motor and electromagnetic clutch even if power transmission from the power plant is stopped due to a disaster such as a tsunami. [Effects of the Invention]

[0019] According to the first invention, even when electricity is unavailable, by operating a manual winch to lift the movable base with the second wire rope to a safe height, it is possible to protect the lives and property of residents in a building placed on the movable base from tsunamis, floods, etc. Furthermore, according to the first invention, by raising the movable base when an aftershock occurs, it is possible to minimize the impact of the main earthquake on a building even if the main earthquake occurs following an aftershock.

[0020] According to the second invention, the portion of the second wire rope between the first fixed pulley and the movable base is accurately guided vertically along the longitudinal direction of the support by the second fixed pulley, thereby achieving the effect of the first invention as well as the effect of being able to move a building placed on the movable base to a safe height in a short period of time.

[0021] According to the third invention, in addition to the effect of the second invention, the effect of facilitating operation of the manual winch is achieved because a large force is not required when winding up the first wire rope with the manual winch.

[0022] In the fourth invention, in addition to achieving the effects of the first to third inventions, when the movable base is lifted, the guide member accurately guides the movable base in the vertical direction along the longitudinal direction of the support, thereby further enhancing the effect of the second invention, that is, the building placed on the movable base can be moved to a safe height in a short period of time.

[0023] In addition to the effects of the first to third inventions, the fifth invention has the effect of being able to move a building to a safe height in a shorter time than when operating a manual winch.

[0024] According to the sixth invention, in addition to the effects of the fifth invention, the electric motor can be driven by electricity supplied from the storage battery, so even if power transmission from the power plant is stopped due to a disaster, the building can be raised in a short time to a height that is less susceptible to the effects of tsunamis and the like, thereby quickly ensuring the safety of the residents and protecting their property. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front view of Example 1 of a disaster prevention building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 2(a) and 2(b) are respectively a front view and a side view of the living space in the disaster prevention building shown in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. [Figure 4] (a) is a front view of the support pole, (b) is a view of the support pole viewed vertically downward from above, and (c) is a view showing the part of the support pole buried in the ground. [Figure 5] 1(a) and 1(b) are a front view and a plan view of the gearbox, respectively. [Figure 6]1(a) and 1(b) are a front view and a plan view, respectively, of a manual winch. [Figure 7] (a) is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of the operation of a manual winch, and (b) is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of the operation of a gearbox. [Figure 8] (a) is a schematic diagram to explain the force acting on the movable pulley from the second wire rope, and (b) is a schematic diagram showing how the movable base is lifted by the second wire rope. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the disaster prevention building shown in FIG. 1 in which the living space has been raised together with the movable base. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a front view of Example 2 of a disaster prevention building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 1(a) is a front view of the gearbox, the electric motor, and the storage battery, and FIG. 1(b) is a view taken in the direction of the arrow E in FIG. 1(a). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] The movable base and the disaster prevention building equipped with the same of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Figures 1 to 11. In the following description, it is assumed that the living space is installed so that the bottom surface is parallel to the horizontal direction and that the support columns are installed parallel to the vertical direction, and expressions such as "top surface," "bottom surface," "upper portion," and "lower portion" are used. [Example]

[0027] Fig. 1 is a front view showing an example of the exterior of a disaster prevention building 1a according to the present invention, and Fig. 2(a) and Fig. 2(b) are a front view and a side view, respectively, of a living space 2 in the disaster prevention building 1a. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a foundation frame 4a. Note that Fig. 2(a) and Fig. 2(b) only show the framework of the living space 2, and the side panels 6 are omitted. As shown in Figure 1, the disaster prevention building 1a is made of structural steel and is composed of four square cylindrical pillars 3 erected on the ground GL, a horizontally installed foundation frame 4a, and a plurality of support legs 4b with seismic isolation rubber attached to the lower ends and installed on the underside of the foundation frame 4a, and is equipped with a movable base 4 that is approximately rectangular in plan view, a living space 2 installed on the upper surface of this movable base 4 and supported from below by the movable base 4, and a lifting means 5 installed on the pillars 3 for moving the movable base 4 up and down.

[0028] As shown in Figures 2(a) and 2(b), the living space 2 consists of a rectangular shaped living room section 2a and an attic 2b located above this living room section 2a, and the living room section 2a is surrounded by four rectangular side panels 6 (see Figure 1). In addition to the side panels 6, the living space 2a is equipped with multiple pillars 7a and beams 7b made of wood or steel, steel braces (not shown), and floorboards 8a and ceiling boards 8b installed parallel to the beams 7b to separate each floor.

[0029] In addition, in disaster prevention building 1a, in order to use electricity transmitted from the power plant through electric wires, a cable (not shown) installed in living space 2 is connected in a detachable manner to a feeder line from the electric wire. In addition, various types of piping are installed in the living space 2 and are detachably connected to water facilities such as water pipes. However, to avoid cluttering the drawings, these are omitted from Figures 1 and 2.

[0030] As shown in Figure 3, the foundation frame 4a includes four girders 9a to 9d made of steel materials arranged so that the portions excluding both ends form each side of a rectangle; a pair of girders 10a, 10a made of steel materials arranged symmetrically around a line connecting the midpoints of the parallel girders 9c, 9d, and both ends connected to the girders 9c, 9d, respectively; and a pair of girders 10b, 10b made of steel materials arranged symmetrically around a line connecting the midpoints of the parallel girders 9a, 9b, and both ends connected to the girders 9a, 9b, respectively. The structure also includes a plurality of minor beams 10c made of steel, which are evenly arranged between the main beams 10a, 10a so as to be parallel to the main beams 9a, 9b, and both ends of which are connected to the main beams 9c, 9d, respectively, and a plurality of minor beams 10d made of steel, which are evenly arranged between the main beams 10b, 10b so as to be parallel to the main beams 9c, 9d, and both ends of which are connected to the main beams 9a, 9b, respectively.

[0031] The four pillars 3 are parallel to the vertical direction and are arranged close to the four corners of the rectangle (where the main beams 9a, 9b and the main beams 9c, 9d intersect) so as to surround the movable base 4 when viewed in a plane. In addition, string-like members 11a to 11d made of metal or hard plastic are attached to the foundation frame 4a so as to surround the support pillars 3, with both ends fixed to the ends of the main beams 9a and 9c, the ends of the main beams 9a and 9d, the ends of the main beams 9b and 9d, and the ends of the main beams 9b and 9c. That is, the string-like member 11a and the end of the main beam 9a and the end of the main beam 9c, the string-like member 11b and the end of the main beam 9a and the end of the main beam 9d, the string-like member 11c and the end of the main beam 9b and the end of the main beam 9d, and the string-like member 11d and the end of the main beam 9b and the end of the main beam 9c each constitute guide members installed outside the four corners of the movable base 4 so as to surround the support 3.

[0032] The guide members have the function of accurately guiding the movable base 4 in the vertical direction along the longitudinal direction of the support pillars 3 when the movable base 4 is lifted up. Therefore, in the disaster prevention building 1a, the living space 2 installed on the movable base 4 can be moved to a safe height in a short time. In addition, at the points where the main beam 10a and the main beam 10b, the main beam 10a and the sub-beam 10d, and the sub-beam 10c and the sub-beam 10d intersect, fixing brackets 12 are installed to fix the lower ends of the columns 7a that constitute the living area 2a.

[0033] Figure 4(a) is a front view of the support pillar 3, Figure 4(b) is a view of the support pillar 3 viewed vertically downward from above, and Figure 4(c) is a view showing the part of the support pillar 3 buried in the ground. As shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b), the lifting means 5 comprises a gear box 13 and a manual winch 14 installed at the top and bottom of the support 3, respectively, a first fixed pulley 15a and a second fixed pulley 15b installed at the upper end 3a and side 3b of the support 3, respectively, a movable pulley 15c installed on the upper surface 18 of the end of the main girder 9c of the foundation frame 4a, a first wire rope 16 whose other end is wound around the manual winch 14, and a second wire rope 17 whose other end 17a is fixed to the side 3b of the support 3 near the second fixed pulley 15b. That is, the second wire rope 17 is hung around the second fixed pulley 15b, and the portion between the other end 17a and the second fixed pulley 15b is connected to the movable base 4 via the movable pulley 15c.

[0034] In disaster prevention building 1a having such a structure, the portion of second wire rope 17 between first fixed pulley 15a and movable base 4 is guided by second fixed pulley 15b so that it moves accurately up and down along the longitudinal direction of support 3. Therefore, in disaster prevention building 1a, living space 2 installed on movable base 4 can be moved to a safe height in a short time.

[0035] As shown in Figure 4(c), crushed stone 19a is laid in the ground where the lower end of the support pillar 3 is buried, and an unreinforced concrete layer 19b called "debris concrete" is formed on top of that. A block-shaped base 20 is formed of concrete on top of the unreinforced concrete layer 19b, and concrete encasing 21 is formed on top of this base 20. An anchor bolt 22a is attached to the lower end of the support pillar 3, and multiple stud dowels 22b are attached horizontally to the outer periphery. In addition, it is desirable to carry out the necessary ground improvement and pile construction work in advance at the location where the support pillar 3 will be erected in order to increase the bearing capacity of the ground.

[0036] Figures 5(a) and 5(b) are respectively a front view and a plan view of the gearbox 13, and Figures 6(a) and 6(b) are respectively a front view and a plan view of the manual winch 14. Note that in Figure 5(b), the top plate 23a of the housing 23 is not shown. 5(a) and 5(b), the gearbox 13 includes a housing 23 made up of a rectangular top plate 23a having an insertion hole (not shown) for the second wire rope 17, four side plates 23b extending perpendicularly from each edge of the top plate 23a corresponding to the four sides of the rectangle, an input shaft 28 having a first drum 24 and a pinion 26, and an output shaft 29 having a second drum 25 and a large gear 27. The input shaft 28 and the output shaft 29 are arranged parallel to each other and each end is rotatably held by bearings (not shown) installed on a pair of parallel side plates 23b, 23b, and the first drum 24 and the second drum 25 are configured to be able to wind up one end of the first wire rope 16 and one end of the second wire rope 17, respectively.

[0037] Furthermore, the first drum 24 and the small gear 26 are mounted on the input shaft 28 so that their respective centers of rotation coincide with the shaft center, and the second drum 25 and the large gear 27 are mounted on the output shaft 29 so that their respective centers of rotation coincide with the shaft center. That is, the first drum 24 and the pinion 26 are provided coaxially on the input shaft 28, and the second drum 25 and the large gear 27 are provided coaxially on the output shaft 29. The pinion 26 is in mesh with the large gear 27.

[0038] As shown in Figures 6(a) and 6(b), the manual winch 14 includes a winding drum 30 on which the other end of the first wire rope 16 is wound, a pair of side plates 31, 31 installed on both sides of the winding drum 30, a drum shaft 32 attached to the winding drum 30, a mounting bracket 33 installed on the support 3 while holding both ends of the drum shaft 32 so that it can rotate freely, and a handle 34 whose one end is connected to the drum shaft 32 and whose other end is provided with a grip 34a. In other words, the manual winch 14 is structured so that when an operator grasps the grip 34a with his or her hand and rotates the handle 34, the winding drum 30 rotates together with the drum shaft 32, thereby winding the first wire rope 16 onto the winding drum 30.

[0039] Fig. 7(a) is a diagram showing the operation of the manual winch 14, and Fig. 7(b) is a diagram showing the operation of the gearbox 13. Fig. 8(a) is a diagram showing the force acting on the movable pulley 15c from the second wire rope 17, and Fig. 8(b) is a diagram showing the movable base 4 being lifted by the second wire rope 17. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the state in which the living space 2 has been raised together with the movable base 4 in the disaster prevention building 1a shown in Fig. 1. It should be noted that the thick black arrows shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 only indicate the direction in which the force acts, and there is no particular relationship between the length of the arrow and the magnitude of the force.

[0040] As shown in Figure 7(a), when an operator grips the grip 34a of the handle 34 of the manual winch 14 with his / her hand and rotates it in the direction indicated by arrow A around the axial center of the drum shaft 32 (see Figure 6(b)), the winding drum 30 rotates together with the drum shaft 32 connected to the other end of the handle 34, and the first wire rope 16 is wound onto the winding drum 30. However, since the radius of rotation of the handle 34 is twice the radius of the winding drum 30, if the magnitude of the force applied to the grip 34a is T, a tension of 2T is generated in the first wire rope 16.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 5(b), the first wire rope 16 is wound around the first drum 24. When the first wire rope 16 is wound by the winding drum 30, the first drum 24 of the gearbox 13 rotates in the direction indicated by arrow B as shown in FIG. 7(b). Accordingly, the pinion 26 provided on the input shaft 28 together with the first drum 24 also rotates integrally with the first drum 24 in the direction indicated by arrow B. Then, the gear wheel 27 meshing with the pinion 26 rotates in the direction indicated by arrow C. Accordingly, the second drum 25 provided on the output shaft 29 together with the gear wheel 27 also rotates integrally with the gear wheel 27 in the direction indicated by arrow C. As a result, the second wire rope 17 is wound by the second drum 25.

[0042] However, since the diameter of the first drum 24 is twice the diameter of the pinion 26 and the tension generated in the first wire rope 16 is 2T, the gear wheel 27 receives a tangential force of 4T from the pinion 26. And, since the diameter of the gear wheel 27 is five times the diameter of the second drum 25, the second wire rope 17 is wound by the second drum 25 with a force of 20T. That is, the magnitude of the tension generated in the second wire rope 17 at this time is 20T.

[0043] When the second wire rope 17 is wound by the second drum 25, the first fixed pulley 15a, the second fixed pulley 15b, and the movable pulley 15c rotate in the direction shown by arrow D in Figure 8(a), and as a result, the movable base 4 is lifted up by the second wire rope 17 together with the movable pulley 15c fixed to the base frame 4a (see Figure 8(b)). At this time, because the tension in the second wire rope 17 is 20T, an upward force of 40T is applied by the second wire rope 17 to the movable pulley 15c. In other words, in the disaster prevention building 1a, when the movable base 4 is lifted, an upward force twice the tension of the second wire rope 17 is applied to the movable pulley 15c, which reduces the force required to wind up the first wire rope 16 with the manual winch 14, making it easier to operate the manual winch 14.

[0044] Thus, in disaster prevention building 1a, when manual winch 14 is rotated with a force of magnitude T, movable base 4 receives an upward force of 20 T from one lifting means 5, but disaster prevention building 1a is equipped with four lifting means 5. Therefore, when grips 34a of handles 34 of four manual winches 14 installed on four pillars 3 in disaster prevention building 1a shown in Figure 1 are rotated with a force of magnitude T, living space 2 is lifted up together with movable base 4 with a force of 160 T as shown in Figure 9. In this case, if the total weight of the living space 2 and the movable base 4 is 2 tons, the force required to rotate the grip 34a of the handle 34 of the manual winch 14 is 12.5 kg. This shows that the disaster prevention building 1a is structured so that the manual winch 14 can be operated manually with ease. The gearbox 13 is not limited to the above-described structure. For example, the diameter of the first drum 24 can be six times the diameter of the pinion 26, and the diameter of the large gear 27 can be ten times the diameter of the second drum 25. In this case, the force required to lift the living space 2 together with the movable base 4 with a force of magnitude T to rotate the grip 34a of the handle 34 of the manual winch 14 is 960 T. If the combined weight of the living space 2 and the movable base 4 is 30 tons, the force required to rotate the grip 34a of the handle 34 of the manual winch 14 is 31.25 kg. Therefore, in this case, it can be said that manual operation of the manual winch 14 is still possible in the disaster prevention building 1a.

[0045] As described above, in the disaster prevention building 1a, when the manual winch 14 is operated to wind up the first wire rope 16, the input shaft 28 of the gear box 13 rotates, and the output shaft 29 on which the large gear 27 is mounted so as to mesh with the small gear 26 mounted on this input shaft 28 rotates, causing the second wire rope 17 to be wound up onto the output shaft 29 of the gear box 13, and the movable base 4 is lifted via the second wire rope 17 and the movable pulley 15c. At this time, due to the action of the gearbox 13, the torque applied to the input shaft 28 by the first wire rope 16 is increased and output from the output shaft 29, so that the tension in the second wire rope 17 becomes greater than the tension in the first wire rope 16.

[0046] In this state, when the manual winch 14 is rotated in the reverse direction, the first wire rope 16 is unwound from the manual winch 14, reducing the tension in the first wire rope 16 and the second wire rope 17. As a result, the movable base 4 moves downward due to its own weight. In other words, disaster prevention building 1a is structured so that, by operating manual winch 14, habitable space 2, which is supported from below by movable base 4, rises or falls along with movable base 4. Therefore, with disaster prevention building 1a, even when electricity is unavailable, the lives of residents living in habitable space 2 installed on movable base 4 can be protected from tsunamis, floods, etc. by operating manual winch 14 to lift movable base 4 to a safe height. Furthermore, if movable base 4 is raised when an aftershock occurs, habitable space 2 will be suspended together with movable base 4 by second wire rope 17, so that even if the main earthquake occurs following an aftershock, vibrations from ground level will not be directly transmitted to habitable space 2. Therefore, disaster prevention building 1a can minimize the impact of the main earthquake on habitable space 2. [Example]

[0047] Fig. 10 is a front view showing an example of the exterior of a disaster prevention building 1b according to the present invention. Fig. 11(a) is a front view of the gearbox 13, electric motor 37, and storage battery 38, and Fig. 11(b) is a view seen in the direction of arrow E in Fig. 11(a). Note that the same reference numerals are used for the components shown in Figs. 1 to 6, and their explanations will be omitted. As shown in Figure 10, disaster prevention building 1b is characterized in that, in disaster prevention building 1a already described as Example 1, driving means 35 for rotating output shaft 29 of gearbox 13 is installed on side 3b of support 3 so as to be located below gearbox 13.

[0048] As shown in Figures 11(a) and 11(b), the drive means 35 includes a housing 36 consisting of a rectangular bottom plate 36a having an opening 36c for passing the first wire rope 16 through, and four side plates 36b extending vertically from each edge of the bottom plate 36a corresponding to the four sides of the rectangle, an electric motor 37 with an electromagnetic clutch and a storage battery 38 fixed to the upper surface of the bottom plate 36a inside the housing 36, and an endless belt 39 stretched around the drive shaft 37a of the electric motor 37 which is arranged parallel to the output shaft 29 of the gearbox 13.

[0049] In the drive means 35, the output of the electric motor 37, which is operated by power supplied from the storage battery 38, is transmitted from the drive shaft 37a to the output shaft 29 of the gearbox 13 via the endless belt 39 only when the electromagnetic clutch is ON, and when the electromagnetic clutch is OFF, the output of the electric motor 37 itself is not transmitted to the drive shaft 37a. The electromagnetic clutch is normally OFF and is switched ON when power is supplied from the storage battery 38. When the electromagnetic clutch is OFF, the output shaft 29 of the gearbox 13 can be easily rotated by operating the manual winch 14.

[0050] In the disaster prevention building 1b having such a structure, when the driving force of the electric motor 37 is transmitted to the output shaft 29 of the gearbox 13, the movable base 4 moves up and down faster than when using the manual winch 14. Therefore, with the disaster prevention building 1b, the living space 2 can be moved to a safe height in a shorter time than when operating the manual winch 14. Furthermore, in the disaster prevention building 1b, even if the power supply from the power plant is stopped due to a disaster such as a tsunami, the power required to operate the electric motor 37 and electromagnetic clutch is provided by the storage battery 38, so the living space 2 can be raised to a height where it is less susceptible to the effects of tsunamis, etc., ensuring the safety of the residents.

[0051] Although the support pillars 3 in the disaster prevention buildings 1a and 1b are rectangular tubular, they can also be cylindrical, rectangular pillar-shaped, or columnar. However, cylindrical support pillars 3 have the advantage that, depending on the region or location where the disaster prevention buildings 1a and 1b are installed, the strength of the support pillars 3 can be increased by filling the interiors of the support pillars 3 with concrete. Furthermore, it is desirable to set the length of the support pillars 3 according to the location where the disaster prevention buildings 1a and 1b are installed, for example, 10 meters or more in coastal areas prone to tsunami damage, and 3 to 5 meters in mountainous areas prone to floods and mudslides. Furthermore, the number of support pillars 3 is not limited to four, and the disaster prevention buildings 1a and 1b can also be configured with at least two support pillars 3.

[0052] Furthermore, disaster prevention buildings 1a and 1b may have a structure in which a warehouse (including a garage) is installed on top of movable base 4 instead of living space 2. With such a structure, by raising movable base 4, the property of residents stored in the warehouse can be protected from tsunamis, floods, etc. In addition, in the disaster prevention building 1b, the drive shaft 37a of the electric motor 37 is configured to be transmitted to the output shaft 29 of the gearbox 13, but it is also possible to configure it so that an endless belt 39 is stretched between the input shaft 28 of the gearbox 13 and the drive shaft 37a of the electric motor 37, and the driving force of the electric motor 37 is transmitted to the input shaft 28 of the gearbox 13. As described above, various modifications can be made to the disaster prevention buildings 1a and 1b, but in any of the above cases, the functions and effects of the present invention described using Figures 1 to 11 are similarly exhibited. [Industrial Applicability]

[0053] The present invention can be used not only in coastal areas that are prone to tsunami damage, but also in mountainous areas that are prone to floods and debris flows. [Explanation of symbols]

[0054] DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a, 1b... Disaster prevention building 2... Living space 2a... Living room 2b... Attic 3... Support 3a... Upper end 3b... Side 4... Movable base 4a... Foundation frame 4b... Support leg 5... Lifting means 6... Side panel 7a... Pillar 7b... Beam 8a... Floor panel 8b... Ceiling panel 9a-9d... Main beam 10a, 10b... Main beam 10c, 10d... Sub-beam 11a-11d... Cord-like member 12... Fixing metal fitting 13... Gear box 14... Manual winch 15a... First fixed pulley 15b... Second fixed pulley 15c... Movable pulley 16... First wire rope 17... Second wire rope 17a... Other end 18... Upper surface of end 19a... Crushed stone 19b... Unreinforced concrete layer 20... Base 21...Root-wrapped concrete 22a...Anchor bolt 22b...Stud dowel 23...Housing 23a...Top plate 23b...Side plate 24...First drum 25...Second drum 26...Pinion gear 27...Gear 28...Input shaft 29...Output shaft 30...Winding drum 31...Side plate 32...Drum shaft 33...Mounting bracket 34...Handle 34a...Grip 35...Drive means 36...Housing 36a...Bottom plate 36b...Side plate 36c...Opening 37...Electric motor 37a...Drive shaft 38...Storage battery 39...Endless belt GL...Ground

Claims

1. A movable base that supports the building from below; At least two support columns arranged in parallel with the vertical direction to surround the movable base; and a lifting means that is installed on the support and moves the movable base in a vertical direction, The lifting means is a gear box installed on the support and configured to amplify torque input to an input shaft and output the torque from an output shaft; a first fixed pulley mounted on the support; a manual winch installed on the support below the first fixed pulley; a first wire rope, one end of which is installed so as to be retractable around the input shaft of the gearbox, and the other end of which is installed so as to be retractable by the manual winch; a second wire rope, one end of which is installed so as to be retractable around the output shaft of the gearbox and which is stretched over the first fixed pulley; A disaster prevention building characterized in that the other end of the second wire rope is connected to the movable base, or the portion between the other end of the second wire rope and the first fixed pulley is connected to the movable base.

2. A disaster prevention building as described in claim 1, characterized in that the lifting means includes a second fixed pulley installed on the support and through which the second wire rope is stretched between the first fixed pulley and the movable base.

3. The lifting means includes a movable pulley installed on the upper surface of the movable base, A disaster prevention building as described in claim 2, characterized in that the other end of the second wire rope is fixed to the support near the second fixed pulley, and the second wire rope is connected to the movable base so that the portion between the first fixed pulley and the other end of the second wire rope is hung over the movable pulley.

4. A disaster prevention building as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is provided with a guide member installed on the outside of the movable base so as to surround the support pillar.

5. an electric motor that rotates the input shaft or the output shaft of the gearbox; A disaster prevention building as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is equipped with an electromagnetic clutch that switches the transmission state of the driving force of the electric motor to the input shaft or the output shaft, and the electric motor and the electromagnetic clutch are installed on the support pillar.

6. A disaster prevention building as described in claim 5, characterized in that it is provided with a storage battery installed on the support pillar to supply power to the electric motor and the electromagnetic clutch.

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