Mounting structure of underwater acoustic material on surface to be mounted and underwater acoustic material

Abstract

To provide a mounting structure of an underwater acoustic material on a surface to be mounted that is advantageous in making mounting work more efficient while improving acoustic performance, and an underwater acoustic material.SOLUTION: When a first underwater acoustic material 14A and a second underwater acoustic material 14B are alternately arranged vertically and laterally on a surface 12 to be mounted, inclined surface parts 26 elastically deform toward one side facing to one side of a surface 1404 to which inclined surfaces 1410 of the inclined surface parts 26 are connected, so as to block groove parts 24 on the surfaces 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B, so that four sides of the surface 1404 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A and four sides of the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B, which are adjacently arranged, adhere tightly to each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a mounting structure for an underwater acoustic material to a mounting surface, and to an underwater acoustic material. [Background technology]

[0002] Underwater acoustic materials have been provided that have sufficient acoustic performance to achieve sound insulation, sound absorption, or vibration suppression when attached to underwater structures such as the hull of a ship (see Patent Document 1). Known underwater acoustic materials include those made of elastic material and having a rectangular plate shape with a uniform thickness. A plurality of underwater acoustic materials are then arranged vertically and horizontally, and the back surface, which is one of the two surfaces in the thickness direction, is superimposed on the surface to be attached of the underwater structure. When installing underwater acoustic materials, it is necessary to fill and seal the gaps that occur between the four sides of adjacent underwater acoustic materials with a joint material made of rubber or silicone material. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-227702 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the above-mentioned conventional technology, the joint material does not have the same acoustic performance as the underwater acoustic material, so there is a concern that the acoustic performance will be reduced by an amount equivalent to the area of ​​the joint material. Furthermore, the installation of the underwater acoustic material requires the filling of joint material, which is disadvantageous in terms of improving the efficiency of the installation of the underwater acoustic material. The present invention was devised in consideration of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide an attachment structure for an underwater acoustic material to an attachment surface, and an underwater acoustic material, which are advantageous in improving acoustic performance while making the attachment work more efficient. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, one embodiment of the present invention is a mounting structure for an underwater acoustic material, which is made of an elastic material and has a plate-like shape, and one of its two surfaces in the thickness direction, a rectangular back surface, is attached to the mounting surface of an underwater structure and arranged vertically and horizontally, and the underwater acoustic material has a cross-sectional shape cut in the thickness direction from the rectangular surface opposite the back surface of the underwater acoustic material to at least a middle part in the thickness direction along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the surface, which has a trapezoidal shape with the surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut point as the upper base, and the middle part in the thickness direction of the underwater acoustic material is cut along an imaginary line parallel to the surface. The underwater acoustic material has four inclined surfaces connecting four sides of a rectangular cut surface having a rectangular shape and the four sides of the surface, and four inclined surface portions which are parts of the underwater acoustic material having the inclined surfaces connected to each side of the surface, and groove portions are formed on the surface which allow elastic deformation of each inclined surface portion towards the side opposite to the side of the surface to which the inclined surface of each inclined surface portion is connected, the underwater acoustic material is arranged vertically and horizontally on the mounting surface, and when the inclined surfaces come into close contact with each other, the inclined surface portions elastically deform, closing the groove portions on the surface of the underwater acoustic material, and the four sides of the surface of adjacent underwater acoustic materials come into close contact with each other. In addition, one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the underwater acoustic material, cut in the thickness direction from the front surface to the back surface along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the front surface, is a trapezoid with the front surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the back surface as the upper base, and the underwater acoustic material has four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the back surface to the four sides of the front surface. In addition, one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the underwater acoustic material cut in the thickness direction from the surface to the middle part in the thickness direction along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the surface is formed as an upper part of the acoustic material having a trapezoidal shape with the surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut point as the upper base, and from the middle part to the back surface, the lower part of the acoustic material is formed as a rectangular columnar shape extending from the middle part to the back surface with a uniform horizontal cross section of the same shape as the rectangle at the lower end of the upper part of the acoustic material. Further, one embodiment of the present invention is a mounting structure for an underwater acoustic material, which is a plate-like member made of an elastic material, and one of the two surfaces in the thickness direction of the underwater structure, the rectangular back surface of which is attached to the mounting surface of the underwater structure and arranged lengthwise and breadthwise, the mounting structure including a plurality of first underwater acoustic materials each having the rectangular back surface, a rectangular front surface opposite the back surface and having the same shape as the back surface, and four side surfaces connecting the four sides of the back surface to the four sides of the front surface, the plurality of second underwater acoustic materials each having the rectangular back surface and a rectangular front surface opposite the back surface that is larger than the back surface, and a cross section formed in the thickness direction from the front surface to at least a middle portion of the thickness direction along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the front surface, the cross section having a trapezoidal shape with the front surface as the lower base and the cut point as the upper base, the second underwater acoustic materials being The underwater acoustic material has four sides of a rectangular cross section formed by cutting the middle part of the material with an imaginary plane parallel to the surface, and four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the surface, and is provided with four inclined surface portions which are parts of the underwater acoustic material having the inclined surfaces connected to each side of the surface, and groove portions are formed on the surface which allow elastic deformation of each inclined surface portion towards the side opposite to the side of the surface to which the inclined surface of each inclined surface portion is connected, the first underwater acoustic material and the second underwater acoustic material are arranged alternately vertically and horizontally on the mounting surface, and when the side of the first underwater acoustic material comes into close contact with the inclined surface of the adjacent second underwater acoustic material, the inclined surface portions elastically deform, the groove portions are closed on the surface of the second underwater acoustic material, and the four sides of the surfaces of the adjacent first and second underwater acoustic materials come into close contact with each other. In addition, one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the second underwater acoustic material cut in the thickness direction from the front surface to the back surface along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the front surface is a trapezoid with the front surface of the second underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the back surface as the upper base, and the second underwater acoustic material has four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the back surface to the four sides of the front surface. In addition, one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the second underwater acoustic material, cut in the thickness direction from the surface to the middle part in the thickness direction along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the surface, is formed as an upper part of the acoustic material having a trapezoidal shape with the surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut point as the upper base, and from the middle part to the back surface, is formed as a lower part of the acoustic material in the shape of a rectangular column extending from the middle part to the back surface with a uniform horizontal cross section of the same shape as the rectangle at the lower end of the upper part of the acoustic material. In one embodiment of the present invention, the grooves are formed in the vicinity of the four sides of the surface, parallel to the four sides, and extending over the entire length of the four sides. In one embodiment of the present invention, the grooves are formed to extend along two diagonal lines of the surface. In addition, one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the groove portion has an opening that opens to the surface and a pair of groove surfaces that are connected to the opening and face each other, and the distance between the pair of groove surfaces gradually decreases as they move away from the surface, forming an intersecting wedge shape. In addition, one embodiment of the present invention is an underwater acoustic material having a plate shape made of an elastic material, one of whose two surfaces in the thickness direction is a rectangular back surface to be attached to the mounting surface of an underwater structure, and the surface opposite this back surface is a rectangular front surface, and the cross-sectional shape of the underwater acoustic material cut in the thickness direction from the surface to at least the middle part in the thickness direction by an imaginary line parallel to one side of the surface is a trapezoid with the surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut point as the upper base, and the underwater acoustic material has four sides of the rectangular cut surface formed by cutting the middle part in the thickness direction by an imaginary line parallel to the surface, and four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the surface, and four inclined surface portions are provided which are parts of the underwater acoustic material having the inclined surfaces connected to each side of the surface, and groove portions are formed on the surface that allow elastic deformation of each inclined surface portion toward the side opposite the side of the surface to which the inclined surface of each inclined surface portion is connected. In addition, one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the underwater acoustic material, cut in the thickness direction from the front surface to the back surface along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the front surface, is a trapezoid with the front surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the back surface as the upper base, and the underwater acoustic material has four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the back surface to the four sides of the front surface. In addition, one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the underwater acoustic material cut in the thickness direction from the surface to the middle part in the thickness direction along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the surface is formed as an upper part of the acoustic material having a trapezoidal shape with the surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut point as the upper base, and from the middle part to the back surface, the lower part of the acoustic material is formed as a rectangular columnar shape extending from the middle part to the back surface with a uniform horizontal cross section of the same shape as the rectangle at the lower end of the upper part of the acoustic material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] According to the mounting structure for mounting an underwater acoustic material to a mounting surface and the underwater acoustic material of one embodiment of the present invention, the underwater acoustic materials are attached to the mounting surface in a row and column, so that the inclined surfaces of each inclined surface portion are pressed against adjacent underwater acoustic materials, causing each inclined surface portion to elastically deform toward the side opposite to the side of the surface to which the inclined surfaces of the inclined surface portions are connected, thereby closing the grooves on the surface of the underwater acoustic material and bringing the four sides of the surface of adjacent underwater acoustic materials into tight contact with the four sides of the surface of the underwater acoustic material, eliminating the need for the work of filling in the gaps with joint material that was previously required. Therefore, compared to conventional methods, the acoustic performance does not decrease by an amount equivalent to the area of ​​the joint material, which is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to when joint material is used. Furthermore, since there is no need to fill in the joints when installing the underwater acoustic material, this is advantageous in terms of improving the efficiency of the installation work of the underwater acoustic material. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] 1A is a plan view of the second underwater acoustic material according to the first embodiment as seen from the surface side, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1A. [Figure 2] (A) is a cross-sectional view explaining the installation work of the first underwater acoustic material and the second underwater acoustic material to the installation surface in the first embodiment, and (B) is a cross-sectional view showing the state after the underwater acoustic material has been installed to the installation surface. [Figure 3] 10A is a cross-sectional view illustrating the attachment work of the second underwater acoustic material to the attachment surface according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view showing the state after the underwater acoustic material has been attached to the attachment surface. [Figure 4] (A) is a cross-sectional view explaining the installation work of the first underwater acoustic material and the second underwater acoustic material to the installation surface in the third embodiment, and (B) is a cross-sectional view showing the state after the underwater acoustic material has been installed to the installation surface. [Figure 5] 10A is a cross-sectional view illustrating the attachment work of the second underwater acoustic material to the attachment surface in the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view showing the state after the underwater acoustic material has been attached to the attachment surface. [Figure 6] 10A is a plan view of a second underwater acoustic material according to a fifth embodiment, seen from the surface side, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] (First embodiment) A structure for attaching an underwater acoustic material to a mounting surface according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 2(B), the mounting surface 12 of the underwater structure 10, such as a ship's hull, to which the multiple underwater acoustic materials 14 are attached, is configured as a flat surface or a concavely curved surface or a convexly curved surface. The mounting surface 12 of the underwater structure 10 is covered with a plurality of underwater acoustic materials 14 .

[0009] As shown in Figure 1(B), the underwater acoustic material 14 is a plate made of an elastic material, and one of its two surfaces in the thickness direction, the rectangular back surface 1402, is attached to the mounting surface 12 and arranged vertically and horizontally. As the elastic material, various conventionally known elastic materials such as rubber and urethane can be used. In this embodiment, the underwater acoustic material 14 includes a plurality of first underwater acoustic materials 14A and a plurality of second underwater acoustic materials 14B having different shapes.

[0010] The first underwater acoustic material 14A has a rectangular back surface 1402 and a rectangular front surface 1404 of the same shape as the back surface 1402, located opposite the back surface 1402, and extends in the thickness direction with a uniform cross section from the front surface 1404 to the back surface 1402, and has four side surfaces 1406 connecting the four sides of the back surface 1402 to the four sides of the front surface 1404. Mounting holes 16 are provided near the four corners of the surface 1404 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A, penetrating from the surface 1404 to the back surface 1402. A counterbore hole 1602 is formed on the surface 1404 side of the mounting hole 16 . The stud bolt 18 protruding from the mounting surface 12 is inserted into the mounting hole 16, and the underwater acoustic material 14 is attached to the mounting surface 12 by tightening a nut 22 via a washer 20 to the tip of the stud bolt 18 in the countersunk hole 1602. At this time, the nut 22 and the tip of the stud bolt 18 are positioned lower than the surface 1404 of the underwater acoustic material 14, and the countersunk hole 1602 is closed by attaching a rubber cap (not shown) to the countersunk hole 1602, with the surface of the cap positioned on the same plane as the surface 1404 of the underwater acoustic material 14.

[0011] As shown in Figure 1(B), the second underwater acoustic material 14B is plate-shaped and made of an elastic material, and has a rectangular back surface 1402 and a rectangular front surface 1404 that is larger than the back surface 1402 and is located opposite the back surface 1402.The cross-sectional shape of the second underwater acoustic material 14B, cut in the thickness direction from the front surface to the back surface along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the front surface 1404, is trapezoidal with the front surface 1404 as the lower base and the back surface 1402 as the upper base. The second underwater acoustic material 14B has four inclined surfaces 1410 connecting the four sides of the front surface 1404 and the four sides of the back surface 1402. The present invention is applicable to cases where the mounting surface 12 is a flat surface, a concave curved surface, or a convex curved surface, and as shown in Figure 1(B), the angle θ between the inclined surface 1410 and the back surface 1402 is determined depending on whether the mounting surface 12 is a flat surface, a concave curved surface, or a convex curved surface. Mounting holes 16 each having a counterbore 1602 are provided near the four corners of the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B, similar to the first underwater acoustic material 14A.

[0012] The second underwater acoustic material 14B has four inclined surface portions 26 which are portions of the underwater acoustic material 14 having inclined surfaces 1410 connected to each side of the surface 1404. As shown in Figures 1(A) and (B), groove portions 24 are formed on surface 1404 to allow elastic deformation of each inclined surface portion 26 toward a side opposite to a side of surface 1404 to which the inclined surface 1410 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected. The grooves 24 are located near the four sides of the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B, and extend parallel to the four sides over the entire length of the four sides. The groove portion 24 has an opening 2402 that opens to the surface 1404 and a pair of groove surfaces 2404 that are connected to the opening 2402 and face each other, and the distance between the pair of groove surfaces 2404 gradually decreases as they move away from the surface 1404, so that the groove portion 24 is wedge-shaped. In addition, groove portion 24 only needs to allow elastic deformation of each inclined surface portion 26 toward one side opposite to one side of surface 1404 to which inclined surface 1410 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected, and the cross-sectional shape of groove portion 24 is not limited to a wedge shape and may be, for example, a U-shape or a rectangular shape. As shown in FIG. 1(B), the pair of groove surfaces 2404 are formed symmetrically with respect to an imaginary line X passing through the thickness direction of the underwater acoustic material 14. The depth D and width W of the groove 24 are determined depending on whether the mounting surface 12 is a flat surface, a concave curved surface, or a convex curved surface.

[0013] Next, the attachment of the first underwater acoustic material 14A and the second underwater acoustic material 14B to the attachment surface 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in Figure 2(A), with the back surface 1402 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A facing the mounting surface 12, each stud bolt 18 is inserted into each mounting hole 16, and the first underwater acoustic material 14A is moved toward the mounting surface 12 until the back surface 1402 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A abuts against the mounting surface 12. Then, once the back surface 1402 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A abuts against the mounting surface 12, nuts 22 are tightened to the tip of each stud bolt 18 via washers 20, so that the back surface 1402 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A abuts against the mounting surface 12, and the first underwater acoustic material 14A is attached to the mounting surface 12.

[0014] Next, the second underwater acoustic material 14B is attached next to the first underwater acoustic material 14A. As shown in Figure 2(A), with the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B facing the mounting surface 12, each stud bolt 18 is inserted into each mounting hole 16 and the second underwater acoustic material 14B is moved toward the mounting surface 12. As the second underwater acoustic material 14B moves, the inclined surface 1410 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B comes into contact with and is pressed against the side surface 1406 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A, and each inclined surface portion 26 elastically deforms toward the side opposite to the side of the surface 1404 to which the inclined surface 1410 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected, thereby blocking the groove portion 24. As shown in Figure 2(B), the second underwater acoustic material 14B is moved until the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B abuts the mounting surface 12, and then a nut 22 is tightened to the tip of each stud bolt 18 via a washer 20, so that the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B abuts the mounting surface 12 and the second underwater acoustic material 14B is attached to the mounting surface 12.

[0015] In this way, the first underwater acoustic material 14A and the second underwater acoustic material 14B are arranged alternately vertically and horizontally and attached to the attachment surface 12, whereby the first underwater acoustic material 14A and the second underwater acoustic material 14B are attached to the attachment surface 12 in a staggered arrangement, and the attachment surface 12 is covered with a plurality of first underwater acoustic materials 14A and a plurality of second underwater acoustic materials 14B. In other words, by arranging the first underwater acoustic material 14A and the second underwater acoustic material 14B alternately vertically and horizontally on the mounting surface 12, each inclined surface portion 26 elastically deforms toward one side opposite to one side of the surface 1404 to which the inclined surface 1410 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected, the groove portion 24 is closed in the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B, and the four sides of the surface 1404 of adjacent first underwater acoustic material 14A and the four sides of the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B are tightly attached to each other. It should be noted that the entire side surface 1406 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A does not necessarily have to be in close contact with the entire inclined surface 1410 of the adjacent second underwater acoustic material 14B, and as shown in Figure 2(B), there is no problem if a gap S remains between the side surface 1406 and the inclined surface 1410 on the mounting surface 12 side, which is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to using a joint material. Furthermore, the groove portion 24 does not necessarily need to be closed along its entire depth, and it is not a problem if a gap remains between a pair of groove surfaces 2404 at the bottom of the groove portion 24, which is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to using a joint material. Therefore, the groove portion 24 is blocked on the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B, and the four sides of the surface 1404 of the adjacent first underwater acoustic material 14A and the four sides of the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B are tightly attached to each other, eliminating the need for the work of filling the gaps with joint material that was previously required. Therefore, compared to conventional methods, the acoustic performance does not decrease by an amount equivalent to the area of ​​the joint material, which is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to when joint material is used. Furthermore, since there is no need to fill in the joints when installing the underwater acoustic material 14, this is advantageous in terms of improving the efficiency of the installation work of the underwater acoustic material 14.

[0016] In addition, in this embodiment, the groove portion 24 has an opening 2402 that opens into the surface 1404, and a pair of groove surfaces 2404 that are connected to the opening 2402 and face each other, and the distance between the pair of groove surfaces 2404 gradually decreases as they move away from the surface 1404, and the pair of groove surfaces 2404 intersect, and the pair of groove surfaces 2404 are formed symmetrically with respect to an imaginary line X that passes through the thickness direction of the second underwater acoustic material 14B, which is advantageous in that the groove portion 24 is easily and reliably blocked by contact with the adjacent first underwater acoustic material 14A, and is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to when a joint material is used.

[0017] (Second embodiment) Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following embodiments, parts and members similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted, and the description will focus on the differences. In the first embodiment, a case was described in which a first underwater acoustic material 14A and a second underwater acoustic material 14B were used as the underwater acoustic material 14. However, in the second embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the difference from the first embodiment is that only the second underwater acoustic material 14B is used as the underwater acoustic material 14.

[0018] The attachment of the second underwater acoustic material 14B to the attachment surface 12 will now be described. As shown in Figure 3(A), with the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B facing the mounting surface 12, each stud bolt 18 is inserted into each mounting hole 16, and the second underwater acoustic material 14B is moved toward the mounting surface 12 until the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B abuts against the mounting surface 12. Then, once the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B abuts against the mounting surface 12, nuts 22 are tightened to the tip of each stud bolt 18 via washers 20, so that the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B abuts against the mounting surface 12, and the second underwater acoustic material 14B is attached to the mounting surface 12.

[0019] Next, the second underwater acoustic material 14B is attached adjacent to the second underwater acoustic material 14B. As shown in Figure 3(A), with the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B facing the mounting surface 12, each stud bolt 18 is inserted into each mounting hole 16 and the second underwater acoustic material 14B is moved toward the mounting surface 12. As the second underwater acoustic material 14B moves, the inclined surface 1410 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B comes into contact with and is pressed against the inclined surface 1410 of the adjacent second underwater acoustic material 14B, and each inclined surface portion 26 elastically deforms toward the side opposite to the side of the surface 1404 to which the inclined surface 1410 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected, and the groove portion 24 is closed. As shown in Figure 3(B), the second underwater acoustic material 14B is moved until the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B abuts the mounting surface 12, and then a nut 22 is tightened to the tip of each stud bolt 18 via a washer 20, so that the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B abuts the mounting surface 12 and the second underwater acoustic material 14B is attached to the mounting surface 12.

[0020] In this way, the second underwater acoustic materials 14B are lined up lengthwise and breadthwise and attached to the attachment surface 12. As a result, the multiple second underwater acoustic materials 14B are arranged in a grid pattern and attached to the attachment surface 12, and the attachment surface 12 is covered with the multiple second underwater acoustic materials 14B. In other words, by arranging multiple second underwater acoustic materials 14B vertically and horizontally in a grid pattern on the mounting surface 12, each inclined surface portion 26 elastically deforms toward one side opposite to one side of the surface 1404 to which the inclined surface 1410 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected, the groove portion 24 is closed in the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B, and the four sides of the surface 1404 of adjacent second underwater acoustic materials 14B and the four sides of the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B are tightly attached to each other. The present invention is applicable to cases where the mounting surface 12 is a flat surface, a concave curved surface, or a convex curved surface, and the angle θ between the inclined surface 1410 and the back surface 1402 is determined depending on whether the mounting surface 12 is a flat surface, a concave curved surface, or a convex curved surface. The depth D and width W of the groove 24 are determined depending on whether the mounting surface 12 is a flat surface, a concave curved surface, or a convex curved surface. Furthermore, the entire inclined surface 1410 of the second underwater acoustic material 14B does not necessarily have to be in close contact with the entire inclined surface 1410 of the adjacent second underwater acoustic material 14B, and as shown in Figure 3(B), there is no problem if a gap S between the inclined surfaces 1410 remains on the mounting surface 12 side, which is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to using a joint material. Furthermore, the groove portion 24 does not necessarily need to be closed along its entire depth, and it is not a problem if a gap remains between a pair of groove surfaces 2404 at the bottom of the groove portion 24, which is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to using a joint material.

[0021] This second embodiment not only achieves the same effects as the first embodiment, but also provides the advantage of reducing the manufacturing cost of the underwater acoustic material 14, as it is sufficient to prepare only the second underwater acoustic material 14B as the underwater acoustic material 14, and is also more advantageous in improving the efficiency of the installation work of the underwater acoustic material 14.

[0022] (Third embodiment) Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The third embodiment is a modified example of the first embodiment, and the shape of the first underwater acoustic material 14A is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the shape of the second underwater acoustic material 14C is different from that of the second underwater acoustic material 14B of the first embodiment. As shown in Figure 4(A), the cross-sectional shape of the second underwater acoustic material 14C cut in the thickness direction from the surface 1404 to the middle part in the thickness direction along a virtual line parallel to one side of the surface 1404 is formed as an acoustic material upper part 28 that is trapezoidal, with the surface 1404 of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut point as the upper base. Therefore, the upper acoustic material portion 28 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C has four sides of a rectangular cross section, which is formed by cutting the middle part of the thickness direction with an imaginary plane parallel to the surface 1404, and four inclined surfaces 1420 connecting the four sides of the surface 1404. The upper acoustic material 28 includes four inclined surface portions 26 that are portions of the underwater acoustic material 14 having inclined surfaces 1420 that connect to each side of the surface 1404 . Groove portions 24 are formed in surface 1404 to allow elastic deformation of each inclined surface portion 26 toward a side opposite to the side of surface 1404 to which inclined surface 1420 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected. As in the first embodiment, the groove portion 24 extends parallel to each of the four sides of the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C in the vicinity of each of the four sides and over the entire length of those four sides, and the groove portion 24 has an opening 2402 and a pair of groove surfaces 2404 and is wedge-shaped. As shown in Figure 4(A), the angle θ between the inclined surface 1420 and the lower end surface of the upper part of the acoustic material 28 is determined depending on whether the mounting surface 12 is flat, concavely curved, or convexly curved, and the depth D and width W of the groove portion 24 are determined depending on whether the mounting surface 12 is flat, concavely curved, or convexly curved.

[0023] From the middle part of the second underwater acoustic material 14C to the back surface 1402, it is formed as a rectangular columnar lower acoustic material 30 extending from the middle part to the back surface 1402 with a uniform horizontal cross section that is the same shape as the rectangle at the lower end of the upper acoustic material 28. Therefore, the lower acoustic material portion 30 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C has four sides 1422 connecting the four sides of the rectangular cut surface, which is formed by cutting the middle part of the thickness direction with an imaginary plane parallel to the surface 1404, and the four sides of the back surface 1402.

[0024] Next, the attachment of the first underwater acoustic material 14A and the second underwater acoustic material 14C to the attachment surface 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. The attachment of the first underwater acoustic material 14A to the attachment surface 12 is the same as in the first embodiment, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted. Next, the second underwater acoustic material 14C is attached next to the first underwater acoustic material 14A. As shown in Figure 4(A), with the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C facing the mounting surface 12, each stud bolt 18 is inserted into each mounting hole 16 and the second underwater acoustic material 14C is moved toward the mounting surface 12. As the second underwater acoustic material 14C moves, the second underwater acoustic material 14C moves toward the attachment surface 12 with the side surface 1422 of the lower acoustic material 30 facing the side surface 1406 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A. Eventually, the inclined surface 1420 of the upper acoustic material 28 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C comes into contact with the side surface 1406 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A and is pressed against it, causing each inclined surface portion 26 to elastically deform toward the side opposite to the side of the surface 1404 to which the inclined surface 1420 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected, and the groove portion 24 is closed. As shown in Figure 4(B), the second underwater acoustic material 14C is moved until the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C abuts the mounting surface 12, and then nuts 22 are tightened to the tip of each stud bolt 18 via washers 20, so that the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C abuts the mounting surface 12 and the second underwater acoustic material 14C is attached to the mounting surface 12.

[0025] In this way, the first underwater acoustic materials 14A and the second underwater acoustic materials 14C are arranged alternately lengthwise and widthwise and attached to the attachment surface 12. As a result, the first underwater acoustic materials 14A and the second underwater acoustic materials 14C are attached to the attachment surface 12 in a staggered arrangement, and the attachment surface 12 is covered with the first underwater acoustic materials 14A and the second underwater acoustic materials 14C. In other words, by arranging the first underwater acoustic material 14A and the second underwater acoustic material 14C alternately vertically and horizontally on the mounting surface 12, each inclined surface portion 26 elastically deforms toward one side opposite to one side of the surface 1404 to which the inclined surface 1420 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected, the groove portion 24 is closed in the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C, and the four sides of the surfaces 1404 of adjacent first underwater acoustic materials 14A and second underwater acoustic materials 14C are tightly attached to each other. Furthermore, the entire inclined surface 1420 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C does not necessarily need to be in close contact with the side surface 1406 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A, and there is no problem if a gap S between the side surface 1406 and the inclined surface 1420 remains on the mounting surface 12 side, which is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to using a joint material. Furthermore, there is no problem if a gap S remains between the entire side 1422 of the lower acoustic material 30 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C and the side 1406 of the first underwater acoustic material 14A, and this is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to using a joint material. Furthermore, the groove portion 24 does not necessarily need to be closed along its entire depth, and it is not a problem if a gap remains between a pair of groove surfaces 2404 at the bottom of the groove portion 24, which is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to using a joint material. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the groove portion 24 is blocked on the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C, and the four sides of the surfaces 1404 of the adjacent first underwater acoustic material 14A and second underwater acoustic material 14C are tightly attached to each other, eliminating the need to fill the gaps with joint material, as was previously necessary, and achieving the same effects as the first embodiment.

[0026] (Fourth embodiment) Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the third embodiment, the underwater acoustic material 14 is described as being composed of a first underwater acoustic material 14A and a second underwater acoustic material 14C. However, in the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the underwater acoustic material 14 differs from the third embodiment in that it is composed only of the second underwater acoustic material 14C, which is similar to the third embodiment. As shown in Figure 5(A), the angle θ between the inclined surface 1420 and the lower end surface of the upper part of the acoustic material 28 is determined depending on whether the mounting surface 12 is flat, concavely curved, or convexly curved, and the depth D and width W of the groove portion 24 are determined depending on whether the mounting surface 12 is flat, concavely curved, or convexly curved.

[0027] Next, the attachment of the underwater acoustic material 14 to the attachment surface 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. As in the third embodiment, the second underwater acoustic material 14C is attached to the attachment surface 12 as shown in FIG. 5(A). Next, the second underwater acoustic material 14C is attached adjacent to the second underwater acoustic material 14C. As shown in Figure 5(A), with the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C facing the mounting surface 12, each stud bolt 18 is inserted into each mounting hole 16 and the second underwater acoustic material 14C is moved toward the mounting surface 12. As the second underwater acoustic material 14C moves, the second underwater acoustic material 14C moves toward the mounting surface 12 with the side surface 1422 of the lower acoustic material 30 facing or in contact with the inclined surface 1420 of the upper acoustic material 28 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C. Eventually, the inclined surface 1420 of the upper acoustic material 28 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C comes into contact with the inclined surface 1420 of the upper acoustic material 28 of the adjacent second underwater acoustic material 14C and is pressed, and each inclined surface portion 26 elastically deforms toward the side opposite to the side of the surface 1404 to which the inclined surface 1420 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected, and the groove portion 24 is closed. As shown in Figure 5(B), the second underwater acoustic material 14C is moved until the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C abuts the mounting surface 12, and then nuts 22 are tightened to the tip of each stud bolt 18 via washers 20, so that the back surface 1402 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C abuts the mounting surface 12 and the second underwater acoustic material 14C is attached to the mounting surface 12.

[0028] In this way, the second underwater acoustic materials 14C are lined up lengthwise and breadthwise and attached to the attachment surface 12. As a result, multiple second underwater acoustic materials 14C are arranged in a grid pattern and attached to the attachment surface 12, and the attachment surface 12 is covered with the second underwater acoustic materials 14C. In other words, by arranging multiple second underwater acoustic materials 14C vertically and horizontally in a grid pattern on the mounting surface 12, each inclined surface portion 26 elastically deforms toward one side opposite to one side of the surface 1404 to which the inclined surface 1420 of each inclined surface portion 26 is connected, the groove portion 24 on the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14C is closed, and the four sides of the surfaces 1404 of adjacent second underwater acoustic materials 14C are brought into close contact with each other. Furthermore, there is no problem even if a gap S exists between the inclined surfaces 1420 of the upper acoustic material 28 on the side of the lower acoustic material 30, or even if a gap S remains between the entire side surfaces 1422 of adjacent lower acoustic materials 30, and this is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to using joint material. Furthermore, the groove portion 24 does not necessarily need to be closed along its entire depth, and it is not a problem if a gap remains between a pair of groove surfaces 2404 at the bottom of the groove portion 24, which is advantageous in improving acoustic performance compared to using a joint material. This fourth embodiment not only achieves the same effects as the third embodiment, but also provides the advantage of reducing the manufacturing cost of the underwater acoustic material 14, as it is sufficient to prepare only the second underwater acoustic material 14C as the underwater acoustic material 14, and is also more advantageous in improving the efficiency of the installation work of the underwater acoustic material 14.

[0029] (Fifth embodiment) Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6(A) and 6(B). In the fifth embodiment, the arrangement of the grooves 24 in the second underwater acoustic material 14D and the locations of the mounting holes 16 are different from those in the first to fourth embodiments. In the fifth embodiment, the grooves 24 are formed to extend along two diagonal lines on the surface 1404 of the second underwater acoustic material 14D. Furthermore, the mounting holes 16 are provided in four areas separated by two grooves 24, respectively. Stud bolts 18 for attaching the second underwater acoustic material 14D to the attachment surface 12 are also arranged at locations corresponding to the attachment holes 16.

[0030] Even if the arrangement structure of the grooves 24 and the arrangement locations of the mounting holes 16 of the fifth embodiment are applied to the first to fourth embodiments, the same effects as those of the first to fourth embodiments can be achieved.

[0031] Furthermore, when the underwater acoustic materials 14 are arranged vertically and horizontally on the mounting surface 12, the groove portions 24 are closed on the surface 1404 of the underwater acoustic materials 14, and the four sides of the surfaces 1404 of adjacent underwater acoustic materials 14 are in close contact with each other, so the groove portions 24 are not limited to extending in a straight line on the surface 1404 of the underwater acoustic materials 14, and of course the groove portions 24 may be formed in an arc-like or curved shape. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 10 Underwater structures 12 Mounting surface 14 Underwater acoustic materials 14A No. 1 underwater acoustic material 14B 2nd underwater acoustic material 14C 2nd underwater acoustic material 14D 2nd underwater acoustic material 1402 Back side 1404 Surface 1406 Side 1410 Slope 1420 Slope 1422 Side 16 Mounting holes 1602 Counterbore 18 Stud bolt 20 washers 22 Nut 24 Groove 2402 Opening 2404 Groove surface 26 Slope section 28 Acoustic material upper part 30 Lower acoustic material X virtual line θ angle S Gap

Claims

1. An underwater acoustic material mounting structure for a mounting surface, the underwater acoustic material being made of an elastic material and having a rectangular back surface, which is one of both surfaces in the thickness direction, mounted on the mounting surface of the underwater structure and arranged vertically and horizontally, a cross-sectional shape obtained by cutting the underwater acoustic material in the thickness direction from a rectangular surface located opposite the back surface to at least a middle portion in the thickness direction along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the surface is a trapezoid with the surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut portion as the upper base, the underwater acoustic material has four sides of a rectangular cross section formed by cutting the intermediate portion in the thickness direction along a virtual plane parallel to the surface, and four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the surface, four inclined surface portions that are portions of the underwater acoustic material having the inclined surfaces connected to each side of the surface; a groove portion is formed on the surface, the groove portion allowing elastic deformation of each of the inclined surface portions toward a side opposite to a side of the surface to which the inclined surface of each of the inclined surface portions is connected; The underwater acoustic materials are arranged lengthwise and widthwise on the mounting surface, and when the inclined surfaces come into close contact with each other, the inclined surface portions elastically deform, the groove portions on the surfaces of the underwater acoustic materials are closed, and the four sides of the surfaces of the adjacent underwater acoustic materials come into close contact with each other. A mounting structure for an underwater acoustic material to a mounting surface.

2. a cross-sectional shape of the underwater acoustic material obtained by cutting the underwater acoustic material in the thickness direction from the front surface to the back surface along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the front surface is a trapezoid with the front surface of the underwater acoustic material as a lower base and the back surface as an upper base, The underwater acoustic material has four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the back surface and the four sides of the front surface.

2. The structure for attaching an underwater acoustic material to a mounting surface according to claim 1.

3. a cross-sectional shape of the underwater acoustic material cut in the thickness direction from the surface to the middle part in the thickness direction along a virtual line parallel to one side of the surface is formed as an upper part of the acoustic material that is trapezoidal with the surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut point as the upper base, From the middle portion to the back surface, the lower portion of the acoustic material is formed as a rectangular columnar acoustic material having a uniform horizontal cross section that is the same shape as the rectangular lower end of the upper portion of the acoustic material and extends from the middle portion to the back surface.

2. The structure for attaching an underwater acoustic material to a mounting surface according to claim 1.

4. An underwater acoustic material mounting structure for a mounting surface, the underwater acoustic material being made of an elastic material and having a rectangular back surface, which is one of both surfaces in the thickness direction, mounted on the mounting surface of the underwater structure and arranged vertically and horizontally, a plurality of first underwater acoustic materials are provided, each having a rectangular back surface, a rectangular front surface opposite the back surface and having the same shape as the back surface, and four side surfaces connecting the four sides of the back surface and the four sides of the front surface; a plurality of second underwater acoustic materials each having a rectangular back surface and a rectangular front surface opposite the back surface and larger than the back surface, the cross section of which, cut in the thickness direction from the front surface to at least a middle portion in the thickness direction along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the front surface, has a trapezoidal shape with the front surface as a lower base and the cut point as an upper base; the second underwater acoustic material has four sides of a rectangular cross section formed by cutting the intermediate portion in the thickness direction along a virtual plane parallel to the surface, and four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the surface, four inclined surface portions that are portions of the underwater acoustic material having the inclined surfaces connected to each side of the surface; a groove portion is formed on the surface, which allows elastic deformation of each of the inclined surface portions toward an edge opposite to an edge of the surface to which the inclined surface of each of the inclined surface portions is connected; The first underwater acoustic material and the second underwater acoustic material are arranged alternately lengthwise and widthwise on the mounting surface, and the side of the first underwater acoustic material comes into close contact with the inclined surface of the adjacent second underwater acoustic material, causing the inclined surface portion to elastically deform, closing the groove portion on the surface of the second underwater acoustic material, and bringing the four sides of the surfaces of the adjacent first and second underwater acoustic materials into close contact with each other. A mounting structure for an underwater acoustic material to a mounting surface.

5. a cross-sectional shape of the second underwater acoustic material cut in the thickness direction from the front surface to the back surface along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the front surface is a trapezoid with the front surface of the second underwater acoustic material as a lower base and the back surface as an upper base, The second underwater acoustic material has four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the back surface and the four sides of the front surface.

5. The structure for attaching an underwater acoustic material to a mounting surface according to claim 4.

6. a cross-sectional shape of the second underwater acoustic material cut in the thickness direction from the surface to the middle portion of the thickness direction along a virtual line parallel to one side of the surface is formed as an upper part of the acoustic material that is trapezoidal with the surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut portion as the upper base, From the middle portion to the back surface, the lower portion of the acoustic material is formed as a rectangular columnar acoustic material having a uniform horizontal cross section that is the same shape as the rectangular lower end of the upper portion of the acoustic material and extends from the middle portion to the back surface.

5. The structure for attaching an underwater acoustic material to a mounting surface according to claim 4.

7. the grooves are formed in the vicinity of the four sides of the surface, parallel to the four sides, and extending over the entire lengths of the four sides; 7. A structure for attaching an underwater acoustic material to a surface to be attached, as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The grooves are formed to extend along two diagonal lines of the surface.

7. A structure for attaching an underwater acoustic material to a surface to be attached, as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. The groove portion has an opening that opens to the surface and a pair of groove surfaces that are connected to the opening and face each other, and the distance between the pair of groove surfaces gradually decreases with increasing distance from the surface, forming an intersecting wedge shape.

7. A structure for attaching an underwater acoustic material to a surface to be attached, as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. An underwater acoustic material having a plate shape made of an elastic material, one of the two surfaces in the thickness direction of which is a rectangular back surface to be attached to the mounting surface of the underwater structure, and the surface opposite to the back surface is a rectangular front surface, a cross-sectional shape of the underwater acoustic material cut in the thickness direction from the surface to at least the middle portion of the thickness direction along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the surface is a trapezoid with the surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut portion as the upper base, the underwater acoustic material has four sides of a rectangular cross section formed by cutting the intermediate portion in the thickness direction along a virtual plane parallel to the surface, and four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the surface, four inclined surface portions that are portions of the underwater acoustic material having the inclined surfaces connected to each side of the surface; a groove portion that allows elastic deformation of each of the inclined surface portions toward a side opposite to a side of the surface to which the inclined surface of each of the inclined surface portions is connected is formed on the surface; An underwater acoustic material characterized by:

11. a cross-sectional shape of the underwater acoustic material obtained by cutting the underwater acoustic material in the thickness direction from the front surface to the back surface along an imaginary line parallel to one side of the front surface is a trapezoid with the front surface of the underwater acoustic material as a lower base and the back surface as an upper base, The underwater acoustic material has four inclined surfaces connecting the four sides of the back surface and the four sides of the front surface.

11. The underwater acoustic material according to claim 10.

12. a cross-sectional shape of the underwater acoustic material cut in the thickness direction from the surface to the middle part in the thickness direction along a virtual line parallel to one side of the surface is formed as an upper part of the acoustic material that is trapezoidal with the surface of the underwater acoustic material as the lower base and the cut point as the upper base, From the middle portion to the back surface, the lower portion of the acoustic material is formed as a rectangular columnar acoustic material having a uniform horizontal cross section that is the same shape as the rectangular lower end of the upper portion of the acoustic material and extends from the middle portion to the back surface.

11. The underwater acoustic material according to claim 10.

Images