Column-beam joint and building structure including the same

Abstract

To provide a building structure that can increase the earthquake resistance of the entire building and can reduce or avoid destruction of other parts of the building structure due to stress by concentrating stress on an expected narrowed portion.SOLUTION: The present invention provides a replaceable column-beam joint having a joint structure and a cover plate structure, and a building structure including the same. The joint structure of the column-beam joint extends in a first direction and has a web plate and a first flange connected to a first side edge of the web plate. The first flange has a first break opening and is divided into a first end portion and a first extended portion. The cover plate structure of the column-beam joint extends in the first direction and includes at least a first cover plate that faces and covers the first flange across the first break opening, and the first cover plate is fixedly connected to the first end portion and the first extended portion. In the column-beam joint, the first cover plate has a first narrowed portion corresponding to the first break opening, and the width of the first narrowed portion is smaller than the width of the remaining portion of the first cover plate other than the first narrowed portion.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a beam-column joint and a building structure including the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a beam-column joint having a cover plate structure with a narrowed portion and a building structure including the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Taiwan is located in an earthquake-prone region and suffers significant damage from earthquakes. Therefore, earthquake resistance must be considered in the design of building structures to enhance the robustness and reliability of buildings and reduce or avoid casualties and financial losses. Furthermore, since excessive impacts inevitably cause some damage to buildings due to stress, it is necessary to consider ways to guide stress and concentrate the expected damage in the expected areas, thereby reducing or avoiding damage to the building's supporting framework and framework joints such as welds. Furthermore, in the event of damage, it is hoped that technologies can be developed to make the repair and replacement process for damaged structural components easier and faster, thereby extending the lifespan of buildings, improving the overall maintenance effectiveness of buildings, and reducing or avoiding further expansion of the damage area and its spread to other structures within the building. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0003] To solve the above problems, one embodiment of the present invention provides a building structure with a replaceable beam-column joint, which may include a column structure extending in a vertical direction and having at least a first side surface, and a column-beam joint having a joint structure and a cover plate structure. The joint structure may extend in a first direction intersecting the vertical direction and include a web plate and a first flange extending from the first side surface and connected to a first side edge of the web plate, with the end of the web plate in the first direction fixedly connected to the column structure. The first flange may have a first break opening and be divided into a first end portion relatively close to the first side surface and a first extended portion relatively distant from the first side surface. The cover plate structure may include at least a first cover plate extending in the first direction and facing and covering the first flange across the first break opening, with the first cover plate fixedly connected to the first end portion and the first extended portion. The first cover plate may have a first narrowed portion corresponding to the first break opening, and the width of the first narrowed portion may be smaller than the width of the other portion of the first cover plate other than the first narrowed portion.

[0004] According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a replaceable beam-column joint having a joint structure and a cover plate structure. The joint structure may extend in a first direction and may have a web plate and a first flange connected to a first side edge of the web plate, and the first flange may have a first break opening and be divided into a first end portion and a first extended portion. The cover plate structure may include at least a first cover plate extending in the first direction and facing and covering the first flange across the first break opening, and the first cover plate may be fixedly connected to the first end portion and the first extended portion. The first cover plate may have a first narrowed portion corresponding to the first break opening, and the width of the first narrowed portion may be smaller than the width of the remaining portion of the first cover plate other than the first narrowed portion.

[0005] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a building structure with a replaceable beam-column joint, including a beam structure extending in a transverse direction and having at least a first surface, and a beam-column joint having a joint structure and a cover plate structure. The joint structure extends in a longitudinal direction intersecting the transverse direction and includes a web plate and a first flange set extending from the first surface and connected to a first side edge of the web plate, with the longitudinal end of the web plate fixedly connected to the beam structure. The first flange set may include, in order away from the web plate, a first support flange, a first side web plate attached to the first support flange, and a first flange attached to the first side web plate. The cover plate structure may include at least a first cover plate covering the first flange in the longitudinal direction. The first cover plate is fixed to the first flange and may have a first narrowed portion, the width of which is smaller than the width of the remaining portion of the first cover plate other than the first narrowed portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] The column-beam joints and building structures including the same provided in each embodiment of the present invention can increase the earthquake resistance of the entire building and reduce or avoid stress-induced failure of other parts of the building structure by concentrating stress on the expected narrow area. Furthermore, if failure occurs at the expected location of the column-beam joint, the column-beam joints and building structures including the same provided in each embodiment of the present invention can more easily replace the damaged part of the column-beam joint while reducing or avoiding work on other parts of the structure, thereby completing the repair of the entire column-beam joint and the building structure. This can reduce the materials required for maintenance of the entire building, accelerate the recovery of buildings affected by earthquakes, extend the usable life of buildings, and reduce or avoid further damage caused by structural damage to the building. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] 1 is an exploded perspective view of a beam-to-column joint according to an embodiment of the present invention and the structure of each part of a building structure including the joint; [Figure 2] 1 is a perspective schematic diagram of a beam-column joint according to an embodiment of the present invention and the corresponding framework of the structure of each part of a building structure including the same; [Figure 3] 3 is a schematic diagram showing the sequential construction of the beam-column joint shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and the building structure including the same according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 3 is a schematic diagram showing the sequential construction of the beam-column joint shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and the building structure including the same according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 3 is a schematic diagram showing the sequential construction of the beam-column joint shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and the building structure including the same according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 10 is a schematic diagram of a sequential construction of a beam-column joint and a building structure including the same according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 7] 10 is a schematic diagram of a sequential construction of a beam-column joint and a building structure including the same according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 8] 10 is a schematic diagram of a sequential construction of a beam-column joint and a building structure including the same according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 9] 10 is a perspective schematic view of a beam-column joint according to yet another embodiment of the present invention and the corresponding framework of the structure of each part of a building structure including the same. FIG. [Figure 10] 10 is a perspective schematic view of a beam-to-column joint according to yet another embodiment of the present invention and the completed framework of a building structure including the same; FIG. [Figure 11] 10 is a perspective schematic view of a beam-column joint according to yet another embodiment of the present invention and the corresponding framework of the structure of each part of a building structure including the same. FIG. [Figure 12] 10 is a perspective schematic view of a beam-to-column joint according to yet another embodiment of the present invention and the completed framework of a building structure including the same; FIG. [Figure 13] 10 is a perspective schematic view of a beam-column joint according to another embodiment of the present invention and the corresponding framework of the structure of each part of a building structure including the same. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] Various embodiments will be described below, and those skilled in the art will be able to easily understand the spirit and principles of the present invention by referring to the description and drawings. However, although some specific embodiments will be specifically described in this specification, these embodiments are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting or exhaustive in any respect. Therefore, various changes and modifications made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention will be obvious and easily achievable by those skilled in the art.

[0009] 1 and 2 , a building structure 10 having an interchangeable beam-column joint AT is disclosed according to one embodiment of the present invention. As described above, the building structure 10 may include a column structure CL extending in a longitudinal direction DT and at least one beam-column joint AT, which is connected to at least one side surface, e.g., a first side surface S1, of the column structure CL and includes a joint structure 100 and a cover plate structure 200. According to some embodiments, the column structure CL may be a cylindrical steel structure or an H-shaped steel structure, and the beam-column joint AT is a frame welded or assembled with steel plates, although materials and forms applicable to different embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The joint structure 100 may include a web plate 110 extending in a first direction D1 intersecting the longitudinal direction DT, whose end in the first direction D1 may be fixedly connected (e.g., locked or welded) to the column structure CL, and a first flange W1 extending from the first side surface S1 and connected to a first side edge E1 of the web plate 110 in the first direction D1. As described above, the first flange W1 may be divided into a first end portion W12 that is relatively close to the first side surface S1 and a first extension portion W14 that is relatively far from the first side surface S1 by having a first fracture opening F1.

[0010] Following the above description, according to this embodiment, the cover plate structure 200 and the joint structure 100 can be combined with each other. Specifically, the cover plate structure 200 may include at least a first cover plate 210 extending in the first direction D1, spanning the first break opening F1, facing the first flange W1, and covering it. As described above, the first cover plate 210 may be fixedly connected (e.g., locked) to the first end portion W12 and the first extension portion W14 so as to be suspended over the first break opening F1. The first cover plate 210 may have a first narrowed portion 215 corresponding to the first break opening F1, and the width of the first narrowed portion 215 is smaller than the width of the remaining portions of the first cover plate 210 other than the first narrowed portion 215. Specifically, the width of the first narrowed portion 215 in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction DT can be relatively reduced, thereby relatively weakening the structure of the portion of the first cover plate 210 corresponding to the first narrowed portion 215. Therefore, according to this embodiment, in the event of an impact such as an earthquake, stress and pressure on the building structure 10 (e.g., misalignment of a column or beam) can be directed downward to the first narrowed portion 215, which is the first fracture opening F1, where the structural strength is weakened, potentially resulting in fracture (e.g., cracking or deformation) there. This allows stress and pressure that may be applied to the column structure CL, the joint structure 100 of the column-beam joint AT, the joint between the column structure CL and the joint structure 100, or other important structures to be transferred or absorbed, thereby reducing or avoiding damage to these structures due to an earthquake or impact.

[0011] As described above, in this embodiment, the first cover plate 210 is not directly connected to the column structure CL, and the first fracture opening F1 is located below the first narrowed portion 215, which is susceptible to fracture. This reduces or avoids the impact on the joint structure 100, and fracture can be relatively guided and limited to an expected location other than the joint between the beam-column joint AT and the column structure CL. Therefore, in some embodiments, depending on the magnitude of the impact and the fracture conditions, it may be possible to complete replacement and repair of the building structure 10 and the beam-column joint AT assembly after an impact by simply disassembling the fractured first cover plate 210 from the first flange W1. As described above, eliminating the need to replace and / or repair the joint structure 100 improves the ease of maintenance of the building structure 10 and the beam-column joint AT after an impact and reduces the time and materials required to replace and / or repair the building structure 10 and the beam-column joint AT.

[0012] Furthermore, according to some embodiments, a similar arrangement may be made at the second side edge E2 to further enhance the above-described effect. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the first side edge E1 and the second side edge E2 may be opposite each other in the longitudinal direction DT and both extend in the first direction D1. As described above, the joint structure 100 may further include a second flange W2 extending from the first side surface S1 and connected to the second side edge E2 facing the first side edge E1 of the web plate 110. The second flange W2 also has a second break opening F2, which divides the second flange W2 into a second end portion W22 relatively close to the first side surface S1 and a second extension portion W24 relatively distant from the first side surface S1. The cover plate structure 200 may also include a second cover plate 220 extending in the first direction D1, spanning the second break opening F2, facing the second flange W2, and covering it. As described above, the second cover plate 220 may be fixedly connected to the second end portion W22 and the second extending portion W24 so as to be suspended over the second break opening F2. The second cover plate 220 may have a second narrowed portion 225 corresponding to the second break opening F2, and the width of the second narrowed portion 225 may be smaller than the width of the rest of the second cover plate 220 other than the second narrowed portion 225.

[0013] As described above, according to this embodiment, the provision of the second narrowed portion 225 allows stress and pressure to be directed and concentrated at the second narrowed portion 225, similar to the first narrowed portion 215. Accordingly, damage (e.g., cracks or deformation, but not limited to these) may occur in the second narrowed portion 225, which is narrowed and weakened without being supported by the second flange W2. Furthermore, damage to the joint structure 100 and the column structure CL is reduced or avoided. According to this embodiment, if the second narrowed portion 225 of the second cover plate 220 is damaged, replacement and / or repair of the building structure 10 and the column-beam joint AT can be easily completed by disassembling and replacing the second cover plate 220 from the second flange W2. Therefore, since there is no need to replace and / or repair the joint structure 100, the ease of maintenance of the building structure 10 and the column-beam joint AT after an impact is improved, and the time and materials required for replacement and / or repair of the building structure 10 and the column-beam joint AT can be reduced.

[0014] Furthermore, according to some embodiments, in order to more firmly install the first cover plate 210 and the second cover plate 220, according to the building structure 10 and beam-to-column joint AT of this embodiment, the cover plate structure 200 may further include a first reinforcing plate R1, a pair of first intermediate clamping plates U10, and a pair of first bottom clamping plates U20 corresponding to the first cover plate 210, and may further include a second reinforcing plate R2, a pair of second intermediate clamping plates U30, and a pair of second bottom clamping plates U40 corresponding to the second cover plate 220. As described above, according to this embodiment, the first reinforcing plate R1 may be provided on the surface opposite the first flange W1 of the first narrowing portion 215 to overlap and cover the first narrowing portion 215, and the second reinforcing plate R2 may be provided on the surface opposite the second flange W2 of the second narrowing portion 225 to overlap and cover the second narrowing portion 225. The pair of first middle clamping plates U10 may be arranged parallel to the first direction D1 on both sides of the first narrowed portion 215, and the pair of first bottom clamping plates U20 may be arranged parallel to the first direction D1 at the first breaking opening F1 so as to overlap with and correspond to the pair of first middle clamping plates U10. Similarly, the pair of second middle clamping plates U30 may be arranged parallel to the first direction D1 on both sides of the second narrowed portion 225, and the pair of second bottom clamping plates U40 may be arranged parallel to the first direction D1 at the second breaking opening F2 so as to overlap with and correspond to the pair of second middle clamping plates U30. As a result, the first reinforcing plate R1, the first intermediate clamping plate U10 and the first bottom clamping plate U20 are fixedly connected relative to one another; for example, after locking, the first narrowed portion 215 is clamped and restrained by the first reinforcing plate R1 and the first bottom clamping plate U20 in the longitudinal direction DT, and the first narrowed portion 215 is clamped and restrained by the pair of first intermediate clamping plates U10 in the second direction D2, thereby improving the positioning stability of the first narrowed portion 215 while maintaining the weakening characteristics of the independent structure of the first narrowed portion 215 without being directly locked to the first narrowed portion 215.Similarly, after the second reinforcing plate R2, the second middle clamping plate U30 and the second bottom clamping plate U40 are fixed relative to one another, for example, locked, the second narrowed portion 225 can be clamped and restrained by the second reinforcing plate R2 and the second bottom clamping plate U40 in the longitudinal direction DT, and the second narrowed portion 225 can be clamped and restrained by the pair of second middle clamping plates U30 in the second direction D2, thereby improving the positioning stability of the second narrowed portion 225 while maintaining the weakening characteristics of the independent structure of the second narrowed portion 225 without being directly locked to the second narrowed portion 225.

[0015] As described above, the first reinforcing plate R1, the pair of first intermediate clamping plates U10, and the pair of first bottom clamping plates U20 are fixedly connected to each other so that the first narrowing portion 215 can be sandwiched and restrained between the first reinforcing plate R1 and the pair of first bottom clamping plates U20 in the longitudinal direction DT; and the second reinforcing plate R2, the pair of second intermediate clamping plates U30, and the pair of second bottom clamping plates U40 are fixedly connected to each other so that the second narrowing portion 225 can be sandwiched and restrained between the second reinforcing plate R2 and the pair of second bottom clamping plates U40 in the longitudinal direction DT. This further supports the positioning of the first narrowing portion 215 suspended by the first breaking opening F1 and the second narrowing portion 225 suspended by the second breaking opening F2, thereby reducing or avoiding incorrect movement.

[0016] 1 and 2, according to each embodiment of the present invention, the fixed connection can be realized by various means, such as, but not limited to, relatively passing a bolt and a nut through a locking hole to lock them. These possible fixed connection means will not be described here. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the building structure 10 may further include a pair of first connecting plates 310 (i.e., lug structures) protruding parallel to the first direction D1 from the first side surface S1 of the column structure CL and fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the column structure CL. As described above, the distal side edge of the web plate 110 in the first direction D1 may be disposed between the pair of first connecting plates 310 and fixedly connected (e.g., locked relative to) the pair of first connecting plates 310 to the column structure CL. However, according to other embodiments of the present invention, it is also possible to directly or indirectly fixably connect the web plate 110 to the column structure CL using other methods or in combination with other methods (e.g., welding), and the clamping and locking by the first connecting plate 310 specifically described in this specification is merely an aspect according to one embodiment of the present invention and is not limited thereto.

[0017] An exemplary process for constructing a beam-column joint AT and a building structure 10 including the same according to one embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to Figures 3-5.

[0018] 3, according to this embodiment, in the building structure 10' still under construction, the beam-column joint AT may be provided on the first side S1 of the column structure CL to connect the necessary beam structure, and a person skilled in the art will understand that the same or similar configuration may be provided on the other side of the column structure CL correspondingly, and a redundant description will not be given herein. As mentioned above, the web plate 110 of the joint structure 100 may be provided between the parallel first connecting plates 310 connected to the column structure CL and protruding from the first side S1, and the joint structure 100 is fixedly connected to the column structure CL by locking them together with bolts and screw holes.

[0019] 4 and 3, the first cover plate 210 and the second cover plate 220 may face each other and cover the first flange W1 and the second flange W2 of the attached joint structure 100. As described above, in this process, the first narrowed portion 215 of the first cover plate 210 is aligned with the first break opening F1 of the first flange W1, and the first cover plate 210 is locked to the first end portion W12 and the first extension portion W14 with bolts and screw holes. Similarly, the second narrowed portion 225 of the second cover plate 220 is aligned with the second break opening F2 of the second flange W2, and the second cover plate 220 is locked to the second end portion W22 and the second extension portion W24 with bolts and screw holes.

[0020] As shown in FIG. 4 , taking the first narrowed portion 215 as an example, the width TH1′ of the first narrowed portion 215 is smaller than the width TH1 of the main body portion of the first cover plate 210 fixedly locked to the first flange W1. According to some embodiments, the width TH1′ of the first narrowed portion 215 enables the first narrowed portion 215 to at least partially cover the first break opening F1. In some other embodiments, the stacked first cover plate 210 and the first flange W1 may have the same or similar widths, and the stacked second cover plate 220 and the second flange W2 may have the same or similar widths. As a result, the width of the relatively narrowed first narrowed portion 215 is smaller than the width of the first break opening F1 of the first flange W1, and / or the width of the relatively narrowed second narrowed portion 225 is smaller than the width of the second break opening F2 of the second flange W2. However, the above is merely an example, and further embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0021] 5 and 4, the first narrowed portion 215 is covered with a first reinforcing plate R1, and a pair of first middle clamping plates U10 that sandwich the first narrowed portion 215 and a pair of first bottom clamping plates U20 that overlap the pair of first middle clamping plates U10 are provided on both sides corresponding to the second direction D2, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the first narrowed portion 215, which is prone to misalignment due to a weakened structure, and the rigidity of the framework. Similarly, the second narrowed portion 225 is covered with a second reinforcing plate R2, and a pair of second middle clamping plates U30 that sandwich the second narrowed portion 225 and a pair of second bottom clamping plates U40 that overlap the pair of second middle clamping plates U30 are provided on both sides corresponding to the second direction D2, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the second narrowed portion 225, which is prone to misalignment due to a weakened reinforcing structure, and the rigidity of the framework. As described above, this installation makes it possible to reduce or avoid damage to other important structures, such as the beam-column joint AT and the building structure 10, by directing and concentrating stress in the expected locations when an impact such as an earthquake occurs. Furthermore, this framework makes it possible to repair the entire beam-column joint AT and the building structure 10 by directly replacing part or all of the assembly of the cover plate structure 200, while reducing or avoiding the need to disassemble the joint structure 100, even if the first narrowed portion 215 and / or the second narrowed portion 225 or the correspondingly assembled first reinforcing plate R1 and / or second reinforcing plate R2 are damaged. This therefore makes it possible to simplify and accelerate the repair process after an earthquake, and to reduce the amount of material required for repair.

[0022] Aspects of the present invention will be further described below in accordance with several alternative embodiments, which, as noted above, will focus on differences from the embodiments described above with reference to Figures 1 to 5, without duplicating identical or similar details.

[0023] 6 to 8 show an exemplary construction process for completing the final building structure 20 from the building structure 20' still under construction, similar to that described above with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. As described above, this embodiment may have a beam-column joint AT' different from the beam-column joint AT. Here, the beam-column joint AT' may have a recess 115 at a portion of the web plate 110 of the joint structure 100 corresponding to the first break opening F1 (or the second break opening F2). The recess 115 is recessed relative to the main body 110' of the web plate 110 so that the thickness of the recess 115 in a direction parallel to the width of the first narrowed portion 215 (e.g., the second direction D2) is reduced. This can further weaken the structure of the portions corresponding to the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225, making it easier to guide stress along the thinned recess 115 to the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225 when subjected to vibration or impact. Therefore, when subjected to vibration or impact, it is possible to concentrate stress and pressure on the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225 rather than on other parts, and by causing any possible fracture to occur in an expected location, damage to other important structures is reduced or avoided.

[0024] Next, referring to the structural diagrams corresponding to each assembly in FIG. 9 and the diagrams of the completed construction of each assembly in FIG. 10, the difference between the building structure 30 and the beam-column joint AT″ included therein according to yet another embodiment of the present invention and the building structure 10 and the beam-column joint AT included therein is that the first break opening F1 and the second break opening F2 can correspond to the edges close to the first side surface S1 of the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225, respectively. In detail, as shown in FIG. 9, the first break opening F1 and The second break opening F2 is not positioned in the center aligned with the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225, but is offset by the first side surface S1. As described above, the web plate 110 has a pair of slots G10 recessed from the two web surfaces of the web plate 110 to coincide with the first break opening F1 and the second break opening F2. The pair of slots G10 allow the web plate 110 to have a connection portion 112 close to the first side surface S1 and a connection portion 113 away from the first side surface S1. and an extension portion 114. Here, the connection portion 112 may be firmly and fixedly connected to the column structure CL (for example, may be integrally formed with the column structure CL or may be welded to the column structure CL), and the connection portion 112 and the extension portion 114 are further fixedly connected to each other. For example, the building structure 30 may further include a pair of first connection plates 310, which are parallel to the two web surfaces of the web plate 110 and correspond to the two web surfaces, respectively. Therefore, the pair of first connecting plates 310 are fixedly connected to the web plate 110 across one of the pair of slots G10 so that the connecting portion 112 and the extending portion 114 of the web plate 110 are disposed between the pair of first connecting plates 310. For example, the connecting portion 112 and the extending portion 114 intermediate between the pair of first connecting plates 310 may be fixedly connected by being indirectly locked via the pair of first connecting plates 310.

[0025] Based on the above framework, in this embodiment, compared to the previously described beam-column joint AT and building structure 10, the first and second fracture openings F1 and F2 are biased and narrower relative to the first side surface S1, so that the first and second narrowed portions 215 and 225 can be at least partially supported by the first and second flanges W1 and W2, respectively. Therefore, the structures of the first and second narrowed portions 215 and 225 can be pre-weakeningly weakened, while the supportability and positioning of the first and second narrowed portions 215 and 225 can be improved.

[0026] As described above, in this embodiment, the cover plate structure 200 may further include only the first reinforcing plate R1, the pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates U10, the second reinforcing plate R2, and the pair of second intermediate sandwiching plates U30. Referring to FIGS. 10 and 9, the first reinforcing plate R1 may be disposed on the surface of the first narrowed portion 215 opposite the first flange W1 so as to overlap and cover the first narrowed portion 215, and the pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates U10 may be disposed on both sides of the first narrowed portion 215 parallel to the first direction D1. Alternatively, the second reinforcing plate R2 may be disposed on the surface of the second narrowed portion 225 opposite the second flange W2 so as to overlap and cover the second narrowed portion 225, and the pair of second intermediate sandwiching plates U30 may be disposed on both sides of the second narrowed portion 225 parallel to the first direction D1. With this installation, the first reinforcing plate R1 and the pair of first intermediate clamping plates U10 can be fixedly connected to each other, the first narrowed portion 215 can be sandwiched and restrained between the first reinforcing plate R1 and the first flange W1 in the longitudinal direction DT, and the second reinforcing plate R2 and the pair of second intermediate clamping plates U30 can be fixedly connected to each other, and the second narrowed portion 225 can be sandwiched and restrained between the second reinforcing plate R2 and the second flange W2 in the longitudinal direction DT.

[0027] According to this embodiment, the first fracture opening F1 is located in the center and does not coincide with the first narrowed portion 215, and the second fracture opening F2 is located in the center and does not coincide with the second narrowed portion 225, so that the breakage due to stress and pressure can be reduced or avoided from spreading further into the web plate 110 along the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225. Furthermore, even if the extension portion 114 of the web plate 110 corresponding to the center of the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225 is broken, because the connection portion 112 and the extension portion 114 are not actually molded as a single unit and can be disassembled accordingly, the need to disassemble and reconstruct the connection portion 112 and the column structure CL during construction can be reduced or avoided, and the replacement or repair of the beam-column joint AT″ and the building structure 30 can be completed.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the framework provided for the column structure CL may be provided on a beam structure BL (e.g., H-shaped steel structure or cylindrical steel structure, but not limited thereto) in the same or similar manner. For example, referring to the structural diagrams corresponding to each assembly in FIG. 11 and the completed construction diagrams of each assembly in FIG. 12, according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a building structure 40 having an interchangeable beam-column joint BT may include a beam structure BL extending in a transverse direction DH and having at least a first surface S1′, and the beam-column joint BT having a joint structure 100 and a cover plate structure 200. As described above, the joint structure 100 extends in a longitudinal direction DT intersecting the transverse direction DH and includes a web plate 110, a first flange set W10 extending from the first surface S1′ and connected to a first side edge E1 of the web plate 110, and a second flange set W20 extending from the first surface S1′ and connected to a second side edge E2 of the web plate 110.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment, the end of the web plate 110 in the longitudinal direction DT may be fixedly connected to the beam structure BL. To further enhance support for the beam structure BL in the longitudinal direction DT, a first flange set W10 and a second flange set W20 may be provided on both sides of the web plate 110. As described above, the first flange set W10 may include, in the direction away from the web plate 110, a first support flange P1, a first side web plate K1 provided on the first support flange P1, and a first flange W1 provided on the first side web plate K1. Similarly, the second flange set W20 may include, in the direction away from the web plate 110, a second support flange P2, a second side web plate K2 provided on the second support flange P2, and a second flange W2 provided on the second side web plate K2. In addition, according to some embodiments, in order to enhance the connection between the web plate 110 and the first flange set W10 and the second flange set W20 on both sides, a connecting plate 350 extending in the horizontal direction DH may be further provided, and the connecting plate 350 may extend and be locked across the web plate 110 and the first flange set W10 and the second flange set W20 on both sides, thereby fixedly connecting them to each other.

[0030] Based on the above framework, this embodiment may further increase support for the weight of the beam structure BL. However, this is merely an example, and according to another embodiment, if the support for the beam structure BL is sufficient, the building structure 40 and the beam-column joint BT may have only the first flange W1 and the second flange W2 on each side of the web plate 110, rather than the first flange set W10 and the second flange set W20, as in the other embodiments described above. As mentioned above, overlapping details of similar aspects will not be repeated here.

[0031] 11 and 12 , according to this embodiment, similar to the other embodiments described above, the cover plate structure 200 may include a first cover plate 210 and / or a second cover plate 220 covering the first flange W1 and / or the second flange W2 in the longitudinal direction DT. As described above, the first cover plate 210 may be fixed to the first flange W1 and may have a first narrowed portion 215, the width of which is smaller than the width of the other portion of the first cover plate 210 other than the first narrowed portion 215. Furthermore, the second cover plate 220 may be fixed to the second flange W2 and may have a second narrowed portion 225, the width of which is smaller than the width of the other portion of the second cover plate 220 other than the second narrowed portion 225. Furthermore, the first side web plate K1 and the second side web plate K2 may not be directly connected to the beam structure BL, or may be only partially connected to the beam structure BL. Therefore, in the event of an impact or vibration, the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225, which are relatively weakened in the structure, can guide or absorb the stress and pressure (e.g., stress due to misalignment of columns and beams) caused by the impact or vibration. This limits the damage to the expected area, potentially reducing or avoiding damage to other important structures. Furthermore, in the event that damage occurs in the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225, it is possible to complete the replacement or repair of the entire column-beam joint BT and the building structure 40 by relatively easily replacing part or all of the assembly of the cover plate structure 200, thereby simplifying and accelerating restoration work after an earthquake.

[0032] 11 and 12 may further include a first reinforcing plate R1 and a pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates U10 corresponding to the first cover plate 210, and may further include a second reinforcing plate R2 and a pair of second intermediate sandwiching plates U30 corresponding to the second cover plate 220. As described above, the first reinforcing plate R1 is disposed on the surface of the first narrowed portion 215 opposite the first flange W1 so as to overlap and cover the first narrowed portion 215, and the pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates U10 are disposed on both sides of the first narrowed portion 215 in the transverse direction DP and parallel to the longitudinal direction DT. The second reinforcing plate R2 is provided on the surface of the second narrowed portion 225 opposite the second flange W2 so as to overlap and cover the second narrowed portion 225, and the pair of second intermediate sandwiching plates U30 are provided parallel to the longitudinal direction DT on both sides of the second narrowed portion 225 in the transverse direction DP. This allows the first reinforcing plate R1 and the pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates U10 to be fixedly connected to each other, and the second reinforcing plate R2 and the pair of second intermediate sandwiching plates U30 to be fixedly connected to each other, so that the first narrowed portion 215 is sandwiched and restrained between the first reinforcing plate R1 and the first flange W1 in the transverse direction DH, and the second narrowed portion 225 is sandwiched and restrained between the second reinforcing plate R2 and the second flange W2 in the transverse direction DH. As mentioned above, this framework can further enhance the rigidity and positioning of the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225, which have weakened structures, and similar details can be understood by referring to the corresponding descriptions of the other embodiments above, and will not be repeated here.

[0033] Furthermore, the beam-column joint BT and the building structure 40 according to this embodiment further include a first backing plate 218 corresponding to the first cover plate 210, and a second backing plate 228 corresponding to the second cover plate 220. In particular, an end of the first cover plate 210 close to the first surface S1′ may be connected to the first backing plate 218 parallel to the first surface S1′ of the beam structure BL (for example, may be integrally formed, but is not limited to this), and an end of the second cover plate 220 close to the first surface S1′ may be connected to the second backing plate 228 parallel to the first surface S1′ of the beam structure BL (for example, may be integrally formed, but is not limited to this). As described above, the first backing plate 218 may be fixedly connected to the beam structure BL, for example, but is not limited to, by a lock, and the second backing plate 228 may be fixedly connected to the beam structure BL, for example, but is not limited to, by a lock. This makes it possible to further increase the support for the beam structure BL by providing the first support plate 218 and the second support plate 228. Furthermore, the first support plate 218 and the second support plate 228, which are fixedly connected to the beam structure BL at an intermediate position, can also increase the rigidity and positioning of the first cover plate 210 and the second cover plate 220.

[0034] 12 , the first flange W1 may have a first distance M1 between it and the first surface S1′, and the first backing plate 218 may be partially inserted into the first distance M1. Similarly, the second flange W2 may have a second distance M2 between it and the first surface S1′, and the second backing plate 228 may be partially inserted into the second distance M2. This at least partially reduces or prevents stress and pressure transmitted through the beam structure BL from directly entering the joint core portion (e.g., the web plate 110) between the beam structure BL and the beam-column joint BT, and allows any stress and pressure that may be generated to be guided to enter the first cover plate 210 and the second cover plate 220 at least partially via the first backing plate 218 and the second backing plate 228 connected to the beam structure BL. As previously mentioned, even if the first and second cover plates 210 and 220 are damaged, for example if the first and second narrowings 215 and 225 are damaged, repairs to the beam-column joint BT and building structure 40 can be achieved by replacing some or all of the outer cover plate structure 200 assemblies, reducing or avoiding the need to dismantle and replace the framework of the joint core portion of the beam-column joint BT.

[0035] Next, with reference to FIG. 13, a building structure 50 according to another embodiment of the present invention and a beam-to-column joint BT' included therein will be described.

[0036] As described above, the difference between the beam-column joint BT' and the building structure 50 of this embodiment and the beam-column joint BT and the building structure 40 is that the first flange W1 may be divided into a first end portion W12 relatively close to the first surface S1' and a first extension portion W14 relatively far from the first surface S1' by having a first break opening F1. Similarly, the second flange W2 may be divided into a second end portion W22 relatively close to the first surface S1' and a second extension portion W24 relatively far from the first surface S1' by having a second break opening F2. Here, the first narrowed portion 215 of the first cover plate 210 may be provided corresponding to the first break opening F1 so that the first cover plate 210 extends across the first break opening F1 and is fixedly connected (e.g., locked) facing the first end portion W12 and the first extending portion W14, and the second narrowed portion 225 of the second cover plate 220 may be provided corresponding to the second break opening F2 so that the second cover plate 220 extends across the second break opening F2 and is fixedly connected (e.g., locked) facing the second end portion W22 and the second extending portion W24.

[0037] Furthermore, this embodiment further includes a pair of first bottom clamping plates U20 provided at the first breaking opening F1 corresponding to the first cover plate 210, and a pair of second bottom clamping plates U40 provided at the second breaking opening F2 corresponding to the second cover plate 220, thereby improving the positioning and strength of the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225. These details are the same as those of the other embodiments described above, and will not be described again here.

[0038] As described above, similar to the explanations given with reference to the beam-column joints AT, AT', and AT", the beam-column joint BT' and building structure 50 of this embodiment can further reduce or avoid further damage to the first flange W1 and the second flange W2 when the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225, which have weakened the structure, are broken under the induced stress and pressure. This allows the breakage to occur at the expected location, for example, the first narrowed portion 215 and the second narrowed portion 225, and reduces or avoids the need to disassemble and replace core parts of the beam-column joint BT', for example, the joint structure 100 and the first flange set W10 and the second flange set W20, when repairing the beam-column joint BT' and the building structure 50. This improves the seismic resistance of the entire beam-column joint BT' and the building structure 50, and the repairability of damage after vibration and impact.

[0039] In summary, the column-beam joints and building structures including the same according to the embodiments of the present invention can enhance the seismic resistance of the entire column-beam joint and the building structure, and can reduce or avoid damage to other important structures, such as column-beam joints, by relatively directing stress and pressure to areas where vibration or impact occurs and where it is expected to occur. Furthermore, the column-beam joints and building structures including the same according to the embodiments of the present invention allow structural parts susceptible to damage to be separated from the core portion of the column-beam joint or the column and beam structures, making them relatively easy to disassemble for replacement or repair. This reduces or avoids the need to disassemble other core portions of the column-beam joint or the column and beam structures, allowing for relatively quick repair of the entire column-beam joint and the building structure, and reducing or avoiding the amount of materials required for repair. As described above, the embodiments of the present invention provide column-beam joints and building structures including the same with relatively high seismic resistance, repairability, and lifespan, thereby reducing or avoiding frame destruction and loss of property and even life that may occur due to vibration or impact.

[0040] The above are merely some preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention. The present invention is limited by the appended claims, and as long as it conforms to the spirit of the present invention, various feasible substitutions, combinations, modifications, conversions and other changes will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, provided that they do not exceed the scope limited by the appended claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0041] 10, 10', 20, 20', 30, 40, 50 Building structure 100 Joint structure 110 Web Board 110' Main body 112 Connection 114 Extension 115 recess 200 Lid plate structure 210 1st cover plate 215 1st stenosis 218 First support plate 220 2nd cover plate 225 Second stenosis 228 Second support plate 310 First connecting plate 350 Connection plate AT, AT', AT", BT, BT' beam-column joints BL beam structure CL column structure D1 1st direction D2 2nd direction DH Horizontal DP horizontal direction DT Vertical E1 1st side edge E2 2nd side edge F1 First break F2 Second break G10 slot K1 First side web plate K2 Second side web plate M1 First interval M2 2nd interval P1 First support flange P2 Second support flange R1 First reinforcing plate R2 2nd reinforcement plate S1 1st side S1' 1st surface TH1, TH1' width U10 First intermediate clamping plate U20 1st bottom clamp plate U30 Second intermediate clamping plate U40 Second bottom clamp plate W1 First flange W10 1st flange set W12 1st end part W14 1st extension part W2 Second flange W20 2nd flange set W22 2nd end part W24 2nd extension part

Claims

1. 1. A building structure having replaceable beam-column joints, comprising: a column structure extending longitudinally and having at least a first side; A column-beam joint having a joint structure and a cover plate structure, The joint structure extends in a first direction intersecting the longitudinal direction, and includes a web plate and a first flange extending from the first side surface and connected to a first side edge of the web plate; The end of the web plate in the first direction is fixedly connected to the column structure, The first flange has a first break opening, and is divided into a first end portion that is relatively close to the first side surface and a first extension portion that is relatively far from the first side surface, the cover plate structure includes at least a first cover plate extending in the first direction, facing the first flange across the first break opening, and covering the first flange; the first cover plate is fixedly connected to the first end portion and the first extension portion; the first cover plate has a first narrowed portion corresponding to the first break opening, A building structure, wherein the width of the first narrowed portion is smaller than the width of other portions of the first cover plate other than the first narrowed portion.

2. a pair of first connecting plates protruding from the first side surface in parallel to the first direction, and fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the column structure; The building structure described in claim 1, wherein the end side edges of the web board in the first direction are provided between the pair of first connecting plates and are fixedly connected to the pair of first connecting plates, thereby being fixedly connected to the column structure.

3. the joint structure further includes a second flange extending from the first side surface and connected to a second side edge of the web plate opposite the first side edge, The second flange has a second break opening, and is divided into a second end portion that is relatively close to the first side surface and a second extending portion that is relatively far from the first side surface, the cover plate structure includes a second cover plate extending in the first direction, facing the second flange across the second break opening, and covering the second flange; the second cover plate is fixedly connected to the second end portion and the second extension portion; the second cover plate has a second narrowed portion corresponding to the second break opening, The building structure according to claim 1 , wherein the width of the second narrowed portion is smaller than the width of a portion of the second cover plate other than the second narrowed portion.

4. The cover plate structure further includes a first reinforcing plate, a pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates, and a pair of first bottom sandwiching plates; the first reinforcing plate is provided on a surface of the first narrowed portion opposite to the first flange so as to overlap and cover the first narrowed portion, the pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates are provided on both sides of the first narrowed portion in parallel with the first direction, the pair of first bottom clamping plates are provided in the first breaking opening in parallel with the first direction so as to overlap the pair of first middle clamping plates, respectively; 2. The building structure of claim 1, wherein the first reinforcing plate, the pair of first intermediate clamping plates, and the pair of first bottom clamping plates are fixedly connected to each other so that the first narrowed portion is sandwiched between the first reinforcing plate and the pair of first bottom clamping plates in the vertical direction.

5. The web plate has a recess corresponding to the first break opening, 2. The building structure of claim 1, wherein the recess is recessed relative to the body of the web board such that the recess has a reduced thickness in a direction parallel to the width of the first narrowed portion.

6. The building structure according to claim 1 , wherein the first break opening is near an edge of the first side surface corresponding to the first narrowed portion.

7. The web plate has a pair of slots recessed from the two web surfaces of the web plate so as to coincide with the first breaking opening, The web plate is divided by the pair of slots into a connection portion close to the first side surface and an extension portion away from the first side surface, The building structure further includes a pair of first connecting plates; the pair of first connecting plates are parallel to the two web surfaces of the web plate and are provided corresponding to the two web surfaces, respectively; The building structure of claim 6, wherein the connection portion and the extension portion of the web plate are fixedly connected to the web plate, each spanning one of the pair of slots, so as to be located between the pair of first connection plates.

8. The cover plate structure further includes a first reinforcing plate and a pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates; the first reinforcing plate is provided on a surface of the first narrowed portion opposite to the first flange so as to overlap and cover the first narrowed portion, the pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates are provided on both sides of the first narrowed portion in parallel with the first direction, The building structure according to claim 7, wherein the first reinforcing plate and the pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates are fixedly connected to each other so that the first narrowed portion is sandwiched between the first reinforcing plate and the first flange in the vertical direction.

9. A replaceable beam-column joint having a joint structure and a cover plate structure, The joint structure extends in a first direction and includes a web plate and a first flange connected to a first side edge of the web plate; the first flange has a first breakaway opening, and is divided into a first end portion and a first extension portion; the cover plate structure includes at least a first cover plate extending in the first direction, facing the first flange across the first break opening, and covering the first flange; the first cover plate is fixedly connected to the first end portion and the first extension portion; the first cover plate has a first narrowed portion corresponding to the first break opening, A column-beam joint, wherein the width of the first narrowed portion is smaller than the width of a portion of the first cover plate other than the first narrowed portion.

10. the joint structure further includes a second flange connected to a second side edge of the web plate opposite the first side edge, the second flange has a second breakaway opening, thereby dividing the second flange into a second end portion and a second extension portion; the cover plate structure includes a second cover plate extending in the first direction, facing the second flange across the second break opening, and covering the second flange; the second cover plate is fixedly connected to the second end portion and the second extension portion; the second cover plate has a second narrowed portion corresponding to the second break opening, The column-to-beam joint according to claim 9 , wherein a width of the second narrowed portion is smaller than a width of a portion of the second cover plate other than the second narrowed portion.

11. The cover plate structure further includes a first reinforcing plate, a pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates, and a pair of first bottom sandwiching plates; the first reinforcing plate is provided on a surface of the first narrowed portion opposite to the first flange so as to overlap and cover the first narrowed portion, the pair of first intermediate clamping plates are provided on both sides of the first narrowed portion in parallel with the first direction, and the pair of first bottom clamping plates are provided on the first breaking opening in parallel with the first direction so as to overlap with the pair of first intermediate clamping plates, respectively; 10. The column-beam joint according to claim 9, wherein the first reinforcing plate, the pair of first intermediate clamping plates, and the pair of first bottom clamping plates are fixedly connected to each other so that the first narrowed portion is sandwiched between the first reinforcing plate and the pair of first bottom clamping plates.

12. The web plate has a recess corresponding to the first break opening, 10. The beam-to-column joint according to claim 9, wherein the recess is recessed relative to the body of the web plate such that the thickness of the recess in a direction parallel to the width of the first narrowed portion is reduced.

13. 1. A building structure having replaceable beam-column joints, comprising: a laterally extending beam structure having at least a first surface; a column-beam joint having a joint structure and a cover plate structure; The joint structure extends in a longitudinal direction intersecting the transverse direction and includes a web plate and a first flange set extending from the first surface and connected to a first side edge of the web plate; The longitudinal ends of the web plates are fixedly connected to the beam structure; the first flange set includes, in a direction away from the web plate, a first support flange, a first side web plate provided on the first support flange, and a first flange provided on the first side web plate, the cover plate structure includes at least a first cover plate covering the first flange in the longitudinal direction; the first cover plate is fixed to the first flange and has a first narrowed portion; A building structure, wherein the width of the first narrowed portion is smaller than the width of other portions of the first cover plate other than the first narrowed portion.

14. the first flange has a first breakaway opening, which divides the first flange into a first end portion relatively close to the first surface and a first extension portion relatively far from the first surface; 14. The building structure of claim 13, wherein the first narrowed portion of the first cover plate corresponds to the first break opening so that the first cover plate extends across the first break opening and is fixedly connected facing the first end portion and the first extension portion.

15. further including a first backing plate; an end of the first cover plate close to the first surface is connected to a first backing plate parallel to the first surface; the first flange and the first surface have a first spacing; 14. The building structure of claim 13, wherein the first backing plate is partially inserted within the first spacing.

16. The cover plate structure further includes a first reinforcing plate and a pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates; the first reinforcing plate is provided on a surface of the first narrowed portion opposite to the first flange so as to overlap and cover the first narrowed portion, the pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates are provided on both sides of the first narrowed portion in parallel with the longitudinal direction, The building structure according to claim 13, wherein the first reinforcing plate and the pair of first intermediate sandwiching plates are fixedly connected to each other so that the first narrowed portion is sandwiched between the first reinforcing plate and the first flange in the lateral direction.

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