Manual bolt inserting / pulling-out system and bolt pulling-out device

Abstract

To provide a system for manually inserting / pulling out a bolt for connecting / disconnecting a crane component.SOLUTION: A bolt pulling-out device 10 comprises: a movable bolt 12; a rod 14 integrally formed with a manual movement support element 20 connected to the bolt 12; and a counter support element 22 disposed in one component. The support element 20 and the counter support element 22 are configured as force application points for receiving a lever element so as to be able to move the rod 14 together with the bolt 12 by manually applying a force to the lever element received by the support element 20 and the counter support element 22, and can connect / disconnect the component.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a manual bolt insertion / extraction system for connecting / disconnecting components of a work machine, in particular a crane, as defined in claim 1, and to a bolt extraction device therefor. [Background technology]

[0002] When assembling work machinery, individual components are typically fastened together with bolts. Examples include lattice members for constructing a crane's boom system, particularly lattice booms, counterbooms, boom extensions, and even central booms and their reinforcing frames. The connection points of the components are typically constructed with fork-finger connections, which require alignment for bolt insertion. Because this typically requires a large amount of force, it is known to provide a bolt extraction device on one of the components to be connected and use an electric or hydraulic actuator to push the bolt into or extract it from the connection point. However, such devices are complex and prone to error due to the incorporation and control of drive components. In contrast, inserting and extracting bolted connections mechanically or manually using a hammer or similar device is preferable because it does not require a complex bolt extraction device. However, the large force required can make manual insertion and extraction of bolts time-consuming. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for a solution that can overcome the above-mentioned problems with inserting and removing bolts when connecting and disconnecting such components. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] According to the invention, this problem is solved by a system having the features of claim 1 and a bolt extraction device having the features of claim 11. Advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims and the following description.

[0005] According to the present invention, a system for manual insertion or extraction of bolts for connecting or disconnecting parts of a work machine is proposed, in particular a crane (e.g., a crawler crane), and the part may be a lattice member or a part of a separable lattice member. The system comprises a bolt extraction device having a movable bolt and a rod connected to the bolt or a rod formed integral with a support element for manual movement of the bolt. Moving the rod moves the bolt, thereby inserting or extracting it. The rod serves as an actuating element (drive element) for the bolt. The term "rod" is to be interpreted in a broad sense and not only denotes an elongated, circular, solid or hollow shape, but also includes actuating elements of different shapes, for example, those with an angled or flat cross section.

[0006] The inventive system further comprises a counter-support element disposed on one of the components to be connected or disconnected via the bolt. The support element and counter-support element function as a force point for holding a lever element, e.g., an elongated rod. They are constructed and arranged so that manual application of force to the lever element received in (attached to) the support element and counter-support element moves the rod together with the bolt, thereby connecting or disconnecting the components. The lever element is supported by the counter-support element, and application of force (by an operator) pushes the rod in one direction along its longitudinal axis through contact with the support element, or pulls it back in the other direction. This allows a machine assembler to generate a very large thrust on the bolt via the lever arm using normal manual force.

[0007] The lever element can be configured as part of the system of the present invention, for example, held in a holder on the work machine, or the system itself can be configured for use with only one lever element without including a separate lever element, in which case the work machine installer can use any suitable lever element to move the bolt.

[0008] This configuration allows the bolt to be manually (by hand) extracted / inserted using the principle of leverage, eliminating the need for additional tools (e.g., cordless screwdriver, impact wrench, bolt extraction cylinder) or equipping the bolt extraction device with an actuator (e.g., hydraulic or electric linear drive).

[0009] The bolt extractor is preferably arranged to allow vertical movement of the bolt when connected or disconnected (i.e., in the normal use position). The pin is preferably inserted either in the direction of gravity, i.e., downwards, or in the opposite direction, i.e., upwards.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, the bolt extraction device does not include an actuator for moving the bolt, but rather only has mechanical components, resulting in a lightweight, simple, cost-effective bolt extraction / insertion mechanism with fewer malfunctions, yet still allowing the required force to be easily applied by leveraging the support and counter-support elements.

[0011] In another embodiment, the counter-support element has at least two receiving portions for receiving the lever element. These receiving portions are preferably closed and each serves to securely hold a lever element. The receiving portions are preferably arranged along the direction of movement of the bolt or rod. This allows the lever element to be inserted into the appropriate receiving portion at different positions of the rod and to move the bolt by lever action. The distance between the receiving portions is appropriately selected. Preferably, multiple receiving portions are provided so that there is always an appropriate receiving portion for holding the lever element at each of the end and intermediate positions of the bolt. The counter-support element can be configured as a rake of receiving portions.

[0012] In another embodiment, the support element is located at the end of the rod opposite the bolt and preferably includes an eyelet or hook element. The lever element is placed on the counter-support element by being pushed through the eyelet or inserted into the hook element. Then, applying a force to the lever element at the end opposite the counter-support element acts on the rod, causing it to move.

[0013] In another embodiment, the bolt extractor includes a locking mechanism that locks the rod in two different positions. These positions can be the two end positions ("bolted" and "extracted"). Locking the rod prevents unintentional movement of the bolt.

[0014] The locking mechanism preferably has a locking element, in particular a locking bolt, which can be inserted into the recess of the rod at the aforementioned position, thereby preventing axial movement of the rod. The recess of the rod can be formed as a circumferential groove (locking groove). The locking element can be fixed in the locked position, for example, by a locking pin or split pin.

[0015] In another possible embodiment, the bolt extractor comprises a latch mechanism with a latch pin movable between a latched position and a released position. The rod comprises a plurality of axially adjacent latch grooves into which the latch pin engages in the latched position. The latch pin and the latch grooves form the latch mechanism. To this end, the latch pin is configured to prevent movement of the rod in a first axial direction (particularly downward movement of the rod due to gravity) when engaged with the latch groove, and preferably allows movement of the rod in the opposite direction, particularly upward. Also preferably, the latch pin is configured to allow movement of the rod in both axial directions in the released position.

[0016] The latch mechanism simplifies assembly and disassembly by preventing the rod from descending, particularly as caused by gravity, and by holding the rod against itself. To move the bolt or rod downward, the latch pin must first be moved to the release position. Preferably, the bolt can be raised at any time, and the latch pin, due to its shape and positioning, is such that when it jumps over a latch groove, gravity (and / or a spring element) automatically causes it to drop into the next latch groove.

[0017] Depending on the configuration of the bolt extractor, the direction of gravity blocked by the latch pin can correspond to the bolt tightening direction or the bolt extraction direction.

[0018] In another possible embodiment, the latch mechanism includes a blocking element that, in a blocking position, prevents the latch pin from moving from the latched position to the released position. This prevents the latch pin from unintentionally moving to the released position and causing the rod to fall under gravity. The blocking element may need to be removed to release the latch pin. Alternatively, the blocking element may be permanently attached and movable to the released position, allowing the latch pin to move between the released and latched positions. The blocking element may be configured as a fixed pin or a fixed spring. The blocking element may be fixed to a bracket on the bolt extractor or to the latch pin itself.

[0019] In another embodiment, a mount or bracket is provided in which the rod is guided between the bolt and the support element. The aforementioned latching and / or locking mechanism can be connected to the mount or be integral therewith. Preferably, the mount is located in the same component as the counter support element. The mount may be made up of multiple parts.

[0020] In another possible embodiment, the rod has a first mechanical stop at the first end of the bolt, which abuts against a connection means of one of the components that can be bolted (fastened) by the bolt, preventing further movement of the rod, the first mechanical stop being configured as a circumferential protrusion of the rod.

[0021] Alternatively or additionally, the rod has a second mechanical stop at the second end of the bolt that abuts against a mount of the rod guiding system to prevent further movement of the rod, the second mechanical stop being formed as a circumferential protrusion on the rod.

[0022] The first mechanical stop and / or the second mechanical stop may be disposed between the bolt and the aforementioned latch groove.

[0023] The first and second mechanical stops may be formed at the enlarged diameter portion of the rod.

[0024] The end positions of the bolt limited by the first mechanical stopper and the second mechanical stopper can be a "bolt tightening position" and an "unbolt position".

[0025] In another possible embodiment, the system comprises a first bolt extraction device for connecting / disconnecting a first connection means (in particular a fork finger connection point) of the component and a second bolt extraction device for connecting / disconnecting a second connection means (in particular a fork finger connection point) of the component, the first bolt extraction device and the second bolt extraction device being preferably configured such that their bolts are coaxially aligned with each other.

[0026] The first bolt extractor is provided for connecting / disconnecting the upper connecting means and can be positioned below so that the bolt is pushed upward for bolting, and correspondingly, the second bolt extractor is provided for connecting / disconnecting the lower connecting means and can be positioned above so that the bolt is pushed downward for bolting.

[0027] In another possible embodiment, the bolt is provided with a preferably circumferential and / or conical chamfer at the end facing away from the support element in order to facilitate insertion of the bolt into the connecting means to be bolted.

[0028] The present invention also relates to a bolt extractor for the system according to the invention, which has the same features and characteristics as those described for the bolt extractor for the system according to the invention, so the previous description also applies to the bolt extractor according to the invention, and therefore refers to the bolt extractor for the system according to the invention described above.

[0029] The invention further relates to a component having a counter-support element and a bolt extraction device of the system according to the invention. The component may be a lattice element, and the bolted connection can be used to connect, for example, two lattice elements (longitudinal connection). The component may also be a lattice element part of a longitudinally separable lattice element, and the bolted connection can be used to connect lattice element parts (lateral connection). The system according to the invention can generally be used to connect / disconnect any component of a work machine and can be provided on the corresponding component.

[0030] The present invention also relates to a longitudinally separable lattice member for a lattice boom, the lattice member comprising two lattice member parts that can be detachably connected to each other, each lattice member part having two corner posts extending in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction) and at least two cross (lateral) connecting structures fixedly connected to the corner posts. The lattice member parts can be detachably connected to each other via connecting means arranged on the cross connecting structures, and a counter-support element and a bolt extractor of the system according to the present invention are arranged on at least one of the lattice member parts. The connecting means of the cross connecting structures can be connected / disconnected by the system. At least one counter-support element and one bolt extractor of the system according to the present invention can be provided on each lattice member part.

[0031] The lattice members can be split longitudinally to allow for a wider lattice boom with at least partial lateral stiffness during crane operation, but with a smaller width in the transport position to meet legal requirements regarding maximum permissible transport dimensions during transport.

[0032] In one possible embodiment, the cross-connection structure is configured as a prismatic truss structure with a triangular cover surface and includes upper and lower leg bars, each fixedly connected to one of the corner posts and forming upper and lower triangular cover surfaces together with the corner post. The upper and lower leg bars converge at their ends opposite the corner post to upper and lower tips, which are in particular connected to each other via struts extending perpendicular to the corner post.

[0033] The counter-support elements and bolt extractors in the system according to the invention are arranged on at least one cross-connection structure, i.e., on said support pillar, and the bolted connection means are arranged, in particular, on the lower and / or upper tip of the prismatic cross-connection structure. Preferably, the upper and lower connection means are provided at both tips, with the upper bolt extractor (including the upper counter-support element) attached to the support pillar below the upper connection means and the lower bolt extractor (including the lower counter-support element) attached to the support pillar above the lower connection means. Thus, the bolt extractor is arranged, in particular, between the upper and lower connection means.

[0034] The present invention also relates to a work machine. The work machine may be a crane, in particular a mobile crane such as a crawler crane. The work machine preferably includes a lower bogie having a chassis, in particular a crawler chassis, and an upper bogie mounted to the lower bogie for rotation about a vertical axis of rotation. A lattice boom is supported on the upper bogie, which pivots about a horizontal luffing axis (tilting axis). The lattice boom includes at least one lattice member according to the present invention. Preferably, the lattice boom forms the main boom of the work machine. Additional components (attachments), such as a tip, can be attached to the boom. The work machine may further include a derrick boom attached to the upper bogie.

[0035] Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with the aid of the drawings, in which: [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0036] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a side view of the system of the present invention according to an exemplary embodiment of a lower connection point of a lattice member. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a side view of the system according to the invention at the upper connection point of the lattice member. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 shows the system according to the invention when a force is applied by the lever element. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a rod of a bolt extractor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a latch pin. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a lattice member according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a side view showing the lattice member shown in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a side view of a work machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0037] 1 is a side view of an exemplary embodiment of a system according to the present invention. The system includes a bolt extractor 10 and a counter support element 22. In the specific embodiment shown, both are located on the struts 129 of a longitudinally separable lattice element 100 extending between upper and lower connecting means 126 (see FIGS. 6-7), but in principle can be used for any element that can be bolted. Therefore, the following description of the system according to the present invention is not limited to lattice element components or embodiments.

[0038] The bolt extractor 10 has a rod 14 movably guided or attached to a mount 21, and a bolt 12 for bolting the connecting means 126 is arranged at the end of the rod 14 on the side of the connecting means 126. The bolt 12 can be formed integrally with the rod 14 or can be connected by a fastening means. Figure 4 shows a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the rod 14.

[0039] The bolt 12 may be provided with a circumferential chamfer 11 (insertion chamfer) at the end opposite the rod 14 to facilitate insertion of the connection means 126 into the bolt opening (see FIG. 4).

[0040] The system of the present invention allows the insertion / removal of the bolt 12 without the need for an additional drive. To this end, a support element 20 arranged at the end opposite the bolt 12 and a counter-support element 22 arranged on one of the components (one of the posts 129 in the example of FIG. 1) interact in such a way that, in combination with a lever element 24 (see FIG. 3), the rod 14 and thus the bolt 12 can be manually displaced. FIG. 3 shows an example of an insertable lever element 24, which can be configured as an elongated rod or an elongated plate.

[0041] The support element 20 can be configured as an eyelet located at the front end of the rod 14 opposite the bolt 12. The counter-support element 22 has a number of receiving sections arranged one above the other in the bolt insertion direction, each capable of absorbing large forces. In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, the counter-support element 22 is configured as a rake with a number of receiving sections or recesses. Each receiving section is closed, and a lever element 24 is securely attached to it.

[0042] The bolt 12 is driven by a simple lever. The lever element 24 can be inserted through the support element 20 into a receptacle on the counter-support element 22. The distance between the receptacles is appropriately selected. This allows the operator to apply a very large thrust to the bolt 12 with normal hand force via the formed lever arm. The bolt 12 is retracted in the opposite direction.

[0043] The bolt extractor 10 is preferably configured to reliably extract / insert a bolt vertically. To this end, the bolt extractor may be provided with a latch mechanism 40 to prevent the rod 14 from unintentionally dropping due to gravity. The latch mechanism 40 may include a pivoting latch pin 42 that fits into a latch groove 44 formed in the rod 14, implementing a commonly known latch mechanism. As shown in FIG. 4, the latch groove 44 may be configured as a groove or machined recess extending around the periphery of the rod 14. Multiple latch grooves 44 may be positioned axially above and below each other.

[0044] The latch pin 42 is pivotable about a pivot axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod and can be secured by a blocking element 46. The latch pin 42 is movable between a latched position in which a latch nose 43 of the latch pin 42 (an exemplary embodiment of the latch pin 42 is shown in perspective in FIG. 5) fits into a latch groove 44, and a released position in which the latch pin 42 is pivoted away from the rod 14. In the released position, the rod 14 is free to move up and down.

[0045] The blocking element 46 limits the pivoting movement of the latch pin 42 so that it cannot move to the released position and ensures that the force of gravity returns the latch pin 42 to the rod 14 as it passes over the edge between two latch grooves 44, so that it can re-engage with the next latch groove 44. The blocking element 46 can be configured as a retaining spring that is removable from the latch pin 42. Instead of, or in addition to, the gravity action of the latch pin 42 as it passes over the edge between two latch grooves 44, a spring element can be provided that presses the latch pin 42 against the rod 14.

[0046] The latch pin 42 can be configured to prevent downward (gravity) movement of the rod 14 in the latched position, but allow upward movement. The latch groove 44 cooperates with the latch pin 42 to guide the latch pin 42 into the mated position as the latch pin 42 moves in the positive axial direction (upward). In this position, the connection is self-retaining (due to the weight of the latch pin 42 and the direction of the force acting on the latch pin 42 by the rod 14).

[0047] 1, to insert the bolt 12 (negative axial or downward movement), the lock spring 46 must be removed, the latch pin 42 must be folded back to the release position, and the lock spring 46 must be reinserted, so that the latch pin 42 remains disengaged.

[0048] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the mount 21 is also arranged on the support 129 to which the counter-support element 22 is fixed. The mount 21 acts as a retaining link that determines the alignment of the longitudinal axis of the bolt 12 with the longitudinal axis of the bolted connection means 126 (in the example of Figure 1, a fork finger connection point). Several mounts 21 can be provided depending on the length of the rod 14.

[0049] Figure 2 shows a second bolt extractor 10 with associated counter support elements 22. These are used to connect the upper connecting means in the lattice members of Figure 1 and can be arranged so that the longitudinal axes of the rods 14 or bolts 12 of both bolt extractors 10 extend coaxially. The structure is identical to that of Figure 1 except that the rods 14 are longer and are therefore guided by two mounts 21. Furthermore, in the upper bolt extractor of Figure 2, the bolts 12 are inserted in the positive axial direction (i.e. upwards).

[0050] As shown in the exemplary embodiment of rod 14 in Figure 4, the rod may be provided with two mechanical stops 51, 52. These may be formed as edges or shoulders on the increased cross-sectional diameter of rod 14 between bolt 12 and latch groove 44. As can be seen in combination with Figure 1, second mechanical stop 52 abuts mount 21 to define a second or upper end position of bolt 12 (the "extracted position"), while the opposite first stop 51 abuts connection means 126 at its bottom to define a first, lower end position of bolt 12 (the "bolted position").

[0051] To fix the bolt in its end position, the bolt extractor can be provided with a locking mechanism 30 (see FIG. 1). To this end, the rod 14 has recesses 31, 32 at two appropriately selected positions spaced apart from each other in the axial direction, into which the locking elements 34 can be inserted. The locking elements 34 can be configured as locking bolts extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rod (see FIG. 1). The recesses 31, 32 can be formed as circumferential grooves or machined recesses in the rod 14. The first recess 31 is located closer to the bolt 12 (in particular in the region of the second mechanical stop 52) than the second recess 32 (which is located in particular in the region of the latch groove 44). The recesses 31, 32 can be formed between the bolt 12 and the latch groove 44.

[0052] To allow axial movement of the rod 14, the locking bolt 34 is removed, preferably in a parking (waiting) position (not shown). This allows the rod 14 to be moved to the other end position. If this is done against the direction of gravity (upward to remove the bolt 12 in FIG. 1 and upward to insert the bolt 12 in FIG. 2), it is preferable to do this without moving the latch pin 42 to the release position. If operating against the direction of gravity, the latch bolt 42 must be moved to the release position as described above. Once the other end position is reached, the locking bolt 34 can be pushed in again. The locking bolt 34 can be secured with a securing pin or a split pin.

[0053] Counter-support element 22 preferably has multiple receptacles to allow levering of rod 14 over long distances. Once bolt 12 has traveled a certain distance, lever element 24 can be withdrawn. Latch pin 42 holds bolt 12 in place. Lever element 24 can be repositioned (i.e., inserted into a different receptacle on counter-support element 22) to again allow levering and further insertion of bolt 12. This process is repeated until bolt 12 reaches its end position.

[0054] FIG. 6 is a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a lattice member 100, a portion of which has already been shown in FIGS. 1-3, and FIG. 7 is a side view along the longitudinal axis (i.e., along the corner posts). The lattice member 100 is longitudinally separable and includes two lattice member components 111, 112 that are detachably connected to one another via a plurality of connection means 126. Each lattice member 111, 112 has two corner posts 114 extending the length of the lattice member 100 and having longitudinal connection means in the form of fork finger connection points at its ends, allowing the lattice member 100 to be connected to other lattice members. The corner posts 114 may be connected to one another via a plurality of diagonal (diagonal) and vertical bars extending perpendicular to the corner posts 114.

[0055] Each of the lattice members 111, 112 includes a plurality of cross-connection structures 120, each having a cross-connection means 126 disposed thereon. In the illustrated embodiment, the cross-connection structures 120 form a prism-like truss structure with a triangular base. Each of the cross-connection structures 120 includes two lower leg bars 121 rigidly connected to the lower corner posts 114 and two upper leg bars 122 rigidly connected to the upper corner posts 114. The lower leg bars 121 of each of the cross-connection structures 120 extend at an acute angle relative to the lower corner posts 114 and meet at their distal ends away from the corner posts 114. Similarly, the upper leg bars 122 of each of the cross-connection structures 120 extend at the same acute angle relative to the lower corner posts 114 and meet at their distal ends away from the corner posts 114.

[0056] As shown in Figure 6, the connection means 126 constituting the removable cross-connection structure of the lattice members 111, 112 are disposed at the upper and lower ends of the rectangular cross-connection structure 120 formed by the upper and lower leg bars 121, 122. The upper and lower ends of the cross-connection structure 120 are therefore connected to each other by struts 129 extending perpendicular to the corner posts 114. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the bolt extractor 10 and the counter support element 22 can be disposed between the connection means 126 on these struts 129.

[0057] The lattice members 111, 112 may further be provided with retaining connection means 136 in the form of fork finger connection points, which may be located in the region (near) the longitudinal connection means at the ends of the corner posts 114 (see Figure 6). In the transport position of the lattice member 100, the cross connections of the lattice members 111, 112 are released and the lattice members 111, 112 are longitudinally offset (misaligned) from one another and pressed together (in a smaller transport width) via the cross connection structures 120 so that the connection means 126 can be bolted to the retaining connection means. As bolt extraction devices 10 are fixed to the struts 129 of the cross connection structures 120, these can also be used to extract / insert the bolts 12 of the retaining connections (bolting the connection means 126 to the retaining connection means 136).

[0058] Of course, the illustrated lattice member 100 is only one example of a lattice member in which connections can be made or broken using the system of the present invention.

[0059] FIG. 8 is a side view of a possible embodiment of a work machine 1 according to the present invention, which includes a boom 4 having one or more lattice members 10 according to the present invention. The work machine of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 8 is a crawler crane 1 having a lower carriage 2 with a crawler chassis and an upper carriage 3 rotatably mounted to the lower carriage 2 about a vertical axis of rotation, with a boom 4 connected to the upper carriage so as to be pivotable about a horizontal luffing axis (tilting axis). The boom 4 is a main boom and can support a tip end 5. The crawler crane 1 can be equipped with a derrick boom 6 and derrick ballast 7. The system according to the present invention can also be used to connect derrick boom components or other crane components. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 1. Work machinery 2 Lower bogie 3 Upper carriage 4. Boom 5 Tip 6 Derrick Boom 7 Derrick Ballast 10 Bolt Extractor 11 Chamfering 12 volts 14 Rod 20 Supporting Elements 21 Mount 22 Counter support element 24 Lever element 30 Locking mechanism 31 First recess 32 Second recess 34 Rock Elements 40 Latch mechanism 42 Latch pin 43 Latch Nose 44 Latch groove 46 Block Elements 51 First mechanical stopper 52 Second mechanical stopper 100 Lattice members 111 First lattice component part 112 Second lattice component parts 114 Corner Post 120 Cross-connection structure 121 Lower Leg Bar 122 Upper Leg Bar 126 Connection Methods 129 Post 136 Retaining connection means

Claims

1. A system for manual insertion / removal of bolts connecting / disconnecting components of a work machine (1), in particular a crane, comprising: A bolt extractor (10) comprising a movable bolt (12), a rod (14) connected to the bolt (12) or integrally formed with a support element (20) for manual movement of the bolt (12), and a counter support element (22) arranged on one of the components, The support element (20) and the counter support element (22) are configured as a force application point for receiving a lever element (24) received in the support element (20) and the counter support element (22), so that the rod (14) can be moved together with the bolt (12) by manually applying force to the lever element (24), thereby connecting / disconnecting the components.

2. 10. The system of claim 1, The bolt extractor (10) does not include an actuator for moving the bolt (12), and is in particular a system having only mechanical components.

3. 3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, The counter-support element (22) has at least two receiving portions for receiving the lever element (24), the receiving portions being preferably arranged along the direction of movement of the bolt (12).

4. 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The support element (20) is arranged at the end of the rod (14) opposite the bolt (12) and preferably comprises an eyelet or hook element.

5. 5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The bolt extractor (10) comprises a locking mechanism (30) for locking the rod (14) in two different positions, the locking mechanism (30) preferably having a locking element (34), in particular a locking bolt, which can be pressed into recesses (31, 32), in particular circumferential locking grooves, at two positions of the rod (14), thereby preventing axial movement of the rod (14).

6. 6. The system according to claim 1, The bolt extractor (10) comprises a latch mechanism (40) having a latch pin (42) movable between a latched position and a released position, the rod (14) having a plurality of axially adjacent latch grooves (44) in which the latch pin (42) engages in the latched position, the latch pin (42) being configured to prevent movement of the rod (14) in a first axial direction, particularly downward movement of the rod (14) due to gravity, when engaged with the latch grooves (44), and preferably allow movement of the rod (14) in the opposite direction, and the latch pin (42) is configured to allow movement of the rod (14) in both axial directions in the released position.

7. 7. The system of claim 6, The latch mechanism (40) comprises a blocking element (46) that, in a blocking position, prevents movement of the latch pin (42) from the latched position to the released position, the blocking element (46) being removable or movable to an open position to allow movement of the latch pin (42) between the released and latched positions.

8. 8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The system comprises at least one mount (21) by which the rod (14) is guided between the bolt (12) and the support element (20), the mount (21) being preferably arranged in the same component as the counter support element (22).

9. 9. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The rod (14) has a first mechanical stop (51), in particular formed as a circumferential protrusion, which preferably abuts against a connection means of a component that can be fastened by the bolt (12) at a first end position of the bolt (12) to prevent further movement of the rod (14), and / or the rod (14) has a second mechanical stop (52), in particular formed as a circumferential protrusion, which abuts against a mount (21) of a system that guides the rod (14) at a second end position of the bolt (12) to prevent further movement of the rod (14).

10. 10. The system according to claim 1, The system comprises a first bolt extraction device (10) for connecting / disconnecting a first connection means of the component, and a second bolt extraction device (10) for connecting / disconnecting a second connection means of the component, the first and second bolt extraction devices (10) being preferably configured such that their bolts (12) are positioned coaxially with each other.

11. A bolt extractor (10) for a system according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A component, in particular a lattice element (100) or a lattice element part (111, 112), comprising a counter-support element (22) and a bolt extractor (10) of a system according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A longitudinally separable lattice member (100) for a lattice boom (4), 12. A lattice member (100) comprising two lattice members (111, 112) that can be detachably connected to each other, each lattice member part (111, 112) having two corner posts (114) extending in the longitudinal direction and at least two cross-connection structures (120) fixedly connected to the corner posts (114), the lattice member parts (111, 112) can be detachably connected to each other via connection means (126) arranged on the cross-connection structures (120), a counter-support element (22) and a bolt extractor (10) of the system according to any one of claims 1 to 11 are arranged on at least one of the lattice member parts (111, 112), and the connection means (126) of the cross-connection structures (120) can be connected / disconnected by the system.

14. 14. The lattice member (100) of claim 13, The cross-connection structure (120) is formed as a prismatic lattice structure having a triangular cover surface, and has upper and lower leg bars (121, 122) each fixedly connected to one of the corner posts (114) and forming upper and lower triangular cover surfaces together with the corner post (114), the upper and lower leg bars (121, 122) converging to upper and lower tips at ends opposite the corner post (114), respectively, the upper and lower tips being connected to each other via struts (129), and a counter-support element (22) and a bolt extractor (10) of the system according to any one of claims 1 to 11 being disposed on at least one strut (129) of the cross-connection structure (120).

15. A work machine (1), in particular a crane, comprising: A work machine (1) comprising a lower bogie (2) having a chassis, in particular a crawler chassis, an upper bogie (3) attached to the lower bogie (2) so as to rotate about a vertical rotation axis, and a lattice boom (4) supported in a bending manner on the upper bogie, the lattice boom (4) comprising at least one lattice member (100) according to claim 13 or 14.

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