Smart Cards

Abstract

To provide a smart card including a dual antenna with improved stability of RF communication with a card reader. [Solution] A smart card including a plurality of antennas including a first antenna and a second antenna for wirelessly communicating with a card reader; a smart card chip electrically connected to the first antenna and wirelessly communicating with the card reader via the first antenna; a power supply generating unit converting a frequency signal received via the second antenna to generate DC power; and an application circuit unit including at least one passive element that receives the DC power from the power supply generating unit and operates under the control of the smart card chip; one end of the at least one passive element of the application circuit unit is electrically connected to the power supply generating unit, and the other end opposite to the one end is electrically connected to any one of a plurality of GPIO terminals included in the smart card chip.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to smart cards, and in particular to smart cards including dual antennas. [Background technology]

[0002] Smart cards are also called NFC cards, IC cards, etc., and include contact cards and contactless cards depending on the communication method with a card reader. A contactless card is a card that can communicate with a card reader using radio frequency (RF) via a wireless antenna built into the card.

[0003] In contactless cards, a card reader uses radio frequency signals to recognize a smart card located nearby, and the card reader and smart card can exchange information via radio frequency signals. Such smart cards receive power to drive an integrated circuit chip (IC) in the card through electronic coupling with a radio antenna, and use electromagnetic induction to communicate with the card reader.

[0004] In addition to the smart card chip, the smart card may include application circuits for providing application functions, such as an information display function using a display, a visual notification function using a light-emitting element, an audio notification function using a speaker, etc. However, when data communication with a card reader is performed using one antenna and power is supplied, not only may a synchronization error occur during communication between the smart card chip and the application circuit, but also a malfunction may occur during communication between the application circuit and the smart card chip and during RF communication between the smart card and the card reader due to insufficient power supply. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a smart card including dual antennas that provides a variety of application functions controlled by the smart card chip at a relatively low cost, while increasing the amount of power received from the card reader and improving the stability of RF communications with the card reader. The technical problems of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned technical problems, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs from the following description. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A smart card according to one embodiment includes a plurality of antennas including a first antenna and a second antenna for wireless communication with a card reader; a smart card chip electrically connected to the first antenna and for wireless communication with the card reader via the first antenna; a power supply generating unit converting a frequency signal received via the second antenna to generate DC power; and an application circuit unit including at least one passive element that receives the DC power from the power supply generating unit and operates under the control of the smart card chip; one end of the at least one passive element of the application circuit unit is electrically connected to the power supply generating unit, and the other end opposite to the one end is electrically connected to any one of a plurality of GPIO terminals included in the smart card chip.

[0007] A high-level power supply terminal of the power supply generating unit is electrically connected to one end of the at least one passive element, and a low-level power supply terminal of the power supply generating unit is electrically connected to the other one of the plurality of GPIO terminals.

[0008] The smart card chip includes: a plurality of transistors electrically connected to each of the plurality of GPIO terminals; and a virtual ground terminal electrically connected to a source terminal of each of the plurality of transistors.

[0009] The virtual ground terminal has a voltage equal to that of the low-level power terminal of the power generation unit under the control of the smart card chip.

[0010] The drain terminals of each of the plurality of transistors are electrically connected to the plurality of GPIO terminals, respectively, and the gate terminals of each of the plurality of transistors are electrically connected to a control module in the smart card chip that generates a control signal according to a pre-stored logic.

[0011] The plurality of transistors may be turned on in response to the control signal input to each gate terminal.

[0012] The plurality of transistors includes a first transistor electrically connected to the at least one passive element and a second transistor electrically connected to the power generating unit, and the at least one passive element operates when the first transistor and the second transistor are in the turned-on state.

[0013] The at least one passive element includes at least one of a light emitting element, an acoustic element, and a vibration module.

[0014] The power supply device further includes a power storage unit electrically connected to the power generation unit and configured to store the DC power generated by the power generation unit.

[0015] The application circuit section further includes an additional application circuit, which generates an activation signal for activating the smart card chip.

[0016] The smart card further includes a contact terminal that is in contact with the card reader to receive power and that is for data communication between the smart card chip and the card reader. Further details of the embodiments are included in the detailed description and the drawings. Effect of the Invention

[0017] The smart card of the embodiment can provide a variety of application functions controlled by the smart card chip at a relatively low cost, while increasing the amount of power received from the card reader and improving the stability of RF communication with the card reader. The effects of the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned examples, and various other effects are included in the present specification. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a smart card according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a circuit structure of an application circuit unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a circuit structure of a GPIO terminal of a smart card chip according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a circuit structure of a GPIO terminal of a smart card chip according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram illustrating a circuit structure of an application circuit unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a smart card according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The advantages and features of the present invention, as well as the methods for achieving them, will become clearer with reference to the following detailed description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, and may be embodied in various forms. However, the embodiments are provided to fully disclose the present invention and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the present invention of the scope of the invention. The present invention is defined by the claims.

[0020] The same reference numerals refer to the same components throughout the specification. The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, numbers, and the like disclosed in the drawings for explaining the embodiments are merely illustrative, and the present invention is not limited to the items shown.

[0021] Although the terms "first", "second" and the like are used to describe various components, it is needless to say that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, it is needless to say that the first component referred to below may be the second component within the technical concept of the present invention.

[0022] Hereinafter, specific embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a smart card according to one embodiment of the present invention. A smart card 10 according to an embodiment includes a plurality of antennas 110, 120, a smart card chip 200, a power generation unit 300, a power storage unit 400, and an application circuit unit 500. In this specification, the plurality of antennas 110, 120 is illustrated as including two antennas 110, 120, but is not limited thereto. For example, the plurality of antennas 110, 120 may be three or more antennas, and a method for synchronizing circuits respectively connected to the three or more antennas (i.e., setting and controlling the ground voltages to be equal) according to the technical idea of ​​the present invention can be applied substantially in the same manner.

[0024] The multiple antennas 110, 120 may perform wireless communication with an external card reader (not shown). For example, the multiple antennas 110, 120 may perform data communication with the external card reader using a wireless communication method such as Near Field Communication (NFC) or a Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) method via a communication module (not shown). The multiple antennas 110, 120 may include a first antenna (or a communication antenna) 110 and a second antenna (or a power supply antenna) 120.

[0025] The first antenna 110 may be electrically connected to the smart card chip 200 and may be a means for wireless communication between the smart card chip 200 and an external card reader. That is, the smart card chip 200 and the card reader can perform data communication through the first antenna 110.

[0026] The second antenna 120 may be a means for receiving power wirelessly from a card reader. For example, the second antenna 120 may transmit an AC signal transmitted by the card reader to the power generating unit 300. The second antenna 120 may be configured only to receive power and not to be used for wireless communication for data transmission.

[0027] In this manner, the multiple antennas 110, 120 according to one embodiment of the present invention are connected to the smart card chip 200 in a state in which they are physically separated from each other, thereby improving the stability of wireless communication between the smart card 10 and the card reader and increasing the amount of power received from the card reader.

[0028] The smart card chip 200 is activated by a radio frequency signal received from the first antenna 110. The smart card chip 200 includes a rectifier for rectifying the radio frequency signal received from the first antenna 110 into a direct current power supply, a microprocessor unit (MPU) having a unique calculation function, a read only memory (ROM) which is a non-volatile memory in which a chip operation system (COS) is stored, an electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) which is a non-volatile memory in which application programs and their data are stored, a random access memory (RAM) which is a volatile memory for temporarily storing data including various variables, and an input / output interface for exchanging data with the outside of the smart card chip 200.

[0029] The smart card chip 200 also includes a secure element (SE), which may include a universal integrated circuit card (UICC), an embedded SE (eSE) and a micro SD. The secure element has its own encryption system, so that information that requires high security is recorded in the secure element.

[0030] The smart card chip 200 can transmit and receive data to and from an external card reader via the first antenna 110, and can also control the operation of the application circuit unit 500 according to pre-stored logic.

[0031] For example, the smart card chip 200 according to an embodiment includes a virtual ground terminal 210, which is electrically connected to the application circuit unit 500 via a plurality of GPIO terminals, and can control the operation of the application circuit unit 500. A method of controlling the operation of the application circuit unit 500 of the smart card chip 200 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

[0032] In some embodiments, the smart card chip 200 can be controlled by the application circuitry 500 to activate data communication with an external card reader.

[0033] The smart card chip 200 can use the radio frequency signal received via the first antenna 110 as a power source, and is electrically connected to the power generating unit 300 so that it can be operated by receiving power.

[0034] The power generation unit 300 is disposed between the second antenna 120 and the application circuit unit 500, and converts a radio frequency signal received via the second antenna 120 to generate DC power and supplies power to the internal components of the smart card 10. Since the radio frequency signal received via the second antenna 120 is an AC signal, it needs to be converted into DC power to operate the internal components of the smart card 10.

[0035] Therefore, the power generating unit 300 can convert the radio frequency signal received by the second antenna 120 into DC power. For example, the power generating unit 300 may be configured with a rectifier circuit using four diodes bridge-coupled in a full-wave rectifier manner, but is not limited thereto.

[0036] The power storage unit 400 can store the DC power generated by the power generation unit 300. For example, the power storage unit 400 may be a battery having a certain capacity. Although not specifically shown, the power storage unit 400 may further include a power supply control means for controlling a time point for supplying the power stored in the power storage unit 400 by feedbacking the output voltage of the power generation unit 300 and the operating voltage levels of the application circuit unit 500 and the smart card chip 200.

[0037] The application circuit unit 500 is operated by the DC power generated by the power generation unit 300, and may include various application modules added to the smart card 10. For example, the application circuit unit 500 may include light emitting elements such as LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) and OLEDs (Organic Light Emitting Diodes), acoustic elements such as speakers, and passive elements such as vibration modules. In the following, the application circuit unit 500 will be described as including a plurality of light emitting elements, but is not limited thereto, and the application circuit unit 500 may be composed of any one of a plurality of types of passive elements or a combination thereof.

[0038] The application circuit unit 500 is electrically connected to the power generation unit 300 and the smart card chip 200. For example, a high-level power terminal P1 of the application circuit unit 500 is connected to a high-level power terminal P1 of the power generation unit 300, and a low-level power terminal P2 of each of the application circuit unit 500 and the power generation unit 300 is electrically connected to one of a plurality of GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) terminals of the smart card chip 200. Thus, the smart card chip 200 can control passive elements included in the application circuit unit 500 via the plurality of GPIO terminals.

[0039] Hereinafter, a method for controlling the application circuit unit 500 by the smart card chip 200 will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a circuit structure of an application circuit unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 3 and 4 are schematic circuit diagrams showing a circuit structure of a GPIO terminal of a smart card chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] 2 to 4, the application circuit unit 500 according to an embodiment may include a plurality of light emitting elements. The plurality of light emitting elements may include first to third LED elements LED1, LED2, and LED3. The high-level power terminals P11, P12, and P13 of the first to third LED elements LED1, LED2, and LED3 may be electrically connected to the high-level power terminal P1 of the power generating unit 300, and the low-level power terminals P21, P22, and P23 may be electrically connected to any of the plurality of GPIO terminals GPIO1, GPIO2, GPIO3, and GPIO4 of the smart card chip 200. In addition, the low-level power terminal P2 or P24 of the power generating unit 300 may be electrically connected to any of the plurality of GPIO terminals GPIO1, GPIO2, GPIO3, and GPIO4 of the smart card chip 200.

[0042] For example, the smart card chip 200 includes four GPIO terminals GPIO1, GPIO2, GPIO3, and GPIO4, where the low-level power supply terminal P21 of the first LED element LED1 is connected to the first GPIO terminal GPIO1, the low-level power supply terminal P22 of the second LED element LED2 is connected to the second GPIO terminal GPIO2, the low-level power supply terminal P23 of the third LED element LED3 is connected to the third GPIO terminal GPIO3, and the low-level power supply terminal P24 of the power generating unit 300 is connected to the fourth GPIO terminal GPIO4.

[0043] The number of passive elements included in the application circuit unit 500 and the number of GPIO terminals included in the smart card chip 200 are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and may be variously modified to three or less, five or more, etc.

[0044] The multiple GPIO terminals GPIO1, GPIO2, GPIO3, and GPIO4 of the smart card chip 200 may be connected to the drain terminals of transistors. That is, the smart card chip 200 includes multiple transistors corresponding to the multiple GPIO terminals, and may be open-drain transistors whose drain terminals are open when not electrically connected to the application circuit unit 500. The multiple transistors may include multiple first transistors T1 electrically connected to multiple passive elements (e.g., first to third LED elements LED1, LED2, and LED3) of the application circuit unit 500 and a second transistor T2 electrically connected to the power generation unit 300.

[0045] In the following, with reference to Figures 3 and 4, it will be described that the smart card chip 200 controls the operation of the first LED element LED1 via the first GPIO terminal GPIO1, but the method in which the smart card chip 200 controls multiple passive elements included in the application circuit unit 500 via multiple GPIO terminals may be substantially the same.

[0046] The first to third GPIO terminals GPIO1, GPIO2, GPIO3 connected to the first to third LED elements LED1, LED2, LED3, respectively, are electrically connected to first drain terminals D1 of a plurality of first transistors T1 built in the smart card chip 200. The first source terminals S1 of each of the plurality of first transistors T1 are electrically connected to the virtual ground terminal 210, and the first gate terminals G1 can be electrically connected to a control module (e.g., MPU) in the smart card chip 200 that generates a signal according to a pre-stored logic.

[0047] In addition, the fourth GPIO terminal GPIO4 connected to the power generation unit 300 is electrically connected to the second drain terminal D2 of the second transistor T2 built into the smart card chip 200, the second source terminal S1 is electrically connected to the virtual ground terminal 210, and the first gate terminal G1 can be electrically connected to a control module in the smart card chip 200 that generates a signal according to a pre-stored logic.

[0048] Here, the virtual ground terminal 210 may be a ground terminal of the smart card chip 200. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the virtual ground terminal 210 may be a separate terminal used as a common ground to control the operation of the application circuit unit 500, and may be electrically connected and separated from the ground terminal of the smart card chip 200 under the control of the smart card chip 200. That is, the virtual ground terminal 210 is a terminal for common grounding between the smart card chip 200 and the application circuit unit 500, and can function as a virtual common ground for a radio frequency signal applied from an external card reader.

[0049] When the smart card 10 is adjacent to an external card reader and performs radio frequency communication, the application circuit unit 500 can receive DC power from the second antenna 120 via the power generation unit 300. In this case, the high-level power terminal P11 of the first LED element LED1 is connected to the high-level power supply voltage V H The low-level power supply terminal P21 of the first LED element LED1 is connected to the first GPIO terminal GPIO, and when no signal is applied to the first gate terminal G1 of the first transistor T1, the low-level power supply terminal P21 is in an open state and therefore no current flows.

[0050] Meanwhile, the smart card chip 200 is activated in response to a power source received from the power generating unit 300 or a signal received from an external card reader via the first antenna 110, and can apply a control signal (or a turn-on signal) to the first gate terminal G1 of the first transistor T1 according to a preset logic. As a result, the first transistor T1 is turned on, a current flows from the first drain terminal D1 to the first source terminal S1, and the voltage of the low-level power terminal P21 of the first LED element LED1 becomes the same as the voltage of the virtual ground terminal 210.

[0051] However, even in this case, since the voltage of the virtual ground terminal 210 is different from the low-level power supply terminal P2 of the voltage generating unit 300, in order to light the first LED element LED1, the voltage of the low-level power supply terminal P21 of the first LED element LED1 is set to the low-level power supply voltage V L It is necessary to synchronize with

[0052] For this purpose, the smart card chip 200 may apply a signal to the second gate terminal G2 so as to turn on the second transistor T2 connected to the low-level power terminal P2 of the power generating unit 300, and the voltage of the low-level power terminal P2 and the virtual ground terminal 210 of the power generating unit 300 may be set to the low-level power supply voltage V L can be synchronized to.

[0053] As a result, the voltage of the first source terminal S1 of the first transistor T1 is also the low-level power supply voltage V L Therefore, the first LED element LED1 is turned on.

[0054] In this way, the smart card chip 200 can control the passive elements LED1, LED2, and LED3 by transmitting control signals to the gate terminals G1 and G2 of the transistors T1 and T2 connected to the GPIO terminals GPIO1, GPIO2, GPIO3, and GPIO4. In addition, by forming a common ground between the smart card chip 200 and the application circuit unit 500, the voltage levels of the power supply and signal lines of the smart card 10 are unified, and the operating power supplies of the application circuit unit 500 and the smart card chip 200 are stabilized.

[0055] The smart card chip 200 can drive the passive elements of the application circuit unit 500 in various ways through a plurality of GPIO terminals GPIO1, GPIO2, GPIO3, and GPIO4. For example, when the smart card 10 contacts (or approaches) an external card reader, the plurality of LED elements LED1, LED2, and LED3 can be controlled to blink, or when a payment is in progress using the smart card 10, the plurality of LED elements LED1, LED2, and LED3 can be controlled to blink sequentially, thereby allowing the user to visually recognize the operation of the smart card 10.

[0056] Furthermore, if the application circuit unit 500 includes a speaker element (not shown), the smart card chip 200 can allow the user to audibly recognize the operation of the smart card 10, and if the application circuit unit 500 includes a vibration module (not shown), the smart card chip 200 can be controlled so that the user can tactilely recognize the operation of the smart card 10. As a result, the smart card 10 according to one embodiment is advantageous in facilitating the use of the card by users who are visually or auditorily limited.

[0057] FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating a schematic circuit structure of an application circuit unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of FIG. 5 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 2 in that the application circuit section 500 further includes an additional application circuit 510.

[0058] The additional application circuit 510 may include a Micro Controller Unit (MCU) in the form of a printed circuit or a chip. The additional application circuit 510 may control various application modules added to the smart card 10 to operate them. For example, if the smart card 10 is additionally configured with a display for displaying functions such as a balance display function and a card operation (e.g., a payment in progress, a payment completed, etc.), the additional application circuit 510 may be realized to control a function for operating the display through data exchange with the smart card chip 200.

[0059] Although not specifically shown, the additional application circuit 510 may be electrically connected to other terminals of the smart card chip 200 other than the multiple GPIO terminals GPIO1, GPIO2, GPIO3, and GPIO4 through which the smart card chip 200 controls passive elements of the application circuit section 500.

[0060] The additional application circuit 510 can activate and deactivate the smart card chip 200. Here, the activation and deactivation refer to activation and deactivation of wireless communication between the smart card chip 200 and an external card reader.

[0061] For example, unlike data communication, wireless power charging (WPC) uses a high frequency range, which may damage the smart card chip 200. Therefore, when wireless charging of the smart card is performed via a wireless charging device, the additional application circuit 510 can generate a deactivation signal to deactivate the smart card chip 200, thereby deactivating the smart card chip 200.

[0062] In addition, when the additional application circuit 510 operates normally using DC power supplied from the power generation unit 300, it generates and outputs an activation signal for activating the smart card chip 200, and when the activation signal is received, the smart card chip 200 can be configured to be activated by receiving DC power from the power generation unit 300.

[0063] According to this configuration, the additional application circuit 510 can activate or deactivate the smart card chip 200, thereby preventing errors in the communication process between the application circuit unit 500 and the smart card chip 200 and effectively synchronizing them.

[0064] FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a smart card according to another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of Fig. 6 differs from the embodiment of Fig. 1 in that the smart card 12 further includes a contact terminal 600. The contact terminal 600 may be configured for contacting an external card reader to receive power and for data communication between the smart card chip 200 and the external card reader.

[0065] The contact terminal 600 receives power from an external card reader and can supply power to the application circuit unit 500 and the smart card chip 200 , and can also supply power to the power storage unit 400 .

[0066] In this case, at least one passive element included in the application circuit unit 500 may be connected to and controlled by the GPIO terminal of the smart card chip 200 in substantially the same manner as described with reference to Figures 3 and 4, and the common ground of the application circuit unit 500 and the smart card chip 200 can also be realized by the virtual ground terminal 210.

[0067] The features of the various embodiments of the present invention may be partially or fully combined or combined with each other, and may be technically interlocked and driven in various ways, and each embodiment may be implemented independently of the others, or may be implemented together in association with each other.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without changing its technical idea or essential features. These embodiments are merely illustrative and do not limit the invention, and should be considered from an explanatory perspective rather than a restrictive perspective. However, although specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are merely used for the purpose of explaining the concept of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention described in the claims. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and are not restrictive.

Claims

1. a plurality of antennas including a first antenna and a second antenna for wirelessly communicating with the card reader; a smart card chip electrically connected to the first antenna and wirelessly communicating with the card reader via the first antenna; a power generation unit that converts a frequency signal received via the second antenna to generate a direct current power supply; and an application circuit unit including at least one passive element that receives the DC power from the power supply generating unit and operates under the control of the smart card chip; Including, A smart card in which one end of the at least one passive element of the application circuit unit is electrically connected to the power generation unit, and the other end opposite the one end is electrically connected to any one of a plurality of GPIO terminals included in the smart card chip.

2. a high-level power supply terminal of the power supply generating unit is electrically connected to one end of the at least one passive element; 2. The smart card according to claim 1, wherein the low-level power supply terminal of the power supply generating unit is electrically connected to another one of the plurality of GPIO terminals.

3. The smart card chip comprises: A plurality of transistors electrically connected to each of the plurality of GPIO terminals; and a virtual ground terminal electrically connected to a source terminal of each of the plurality of transistors; 3. The smart card of claim 2, comprising:

4. 4. The smart card according to claim 3, wherein the virtual ground terminal has a voltage equal to a voltage of a low-level power supply terminal of the power supply generating unit in response to control of the smart card chip.

5. a drain terminal of each of the plurality of transistors is electrically connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of GPIO terminals; 4. The smart card of claim 3, wherein the gate terminals of each of the plurality of transistors are electrically connected to a control module within the smart card chip that generates control signals according to pre-stored logic.

6. 6. The smart card according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of transistors are turned on in response to the control signal input to each of the gate terminals.

7. the plurality of transistors includes a first transistor electrically connected to the at least one passive element and a second transistor electrically connected to the power generation unit, 7. The smart card of claim 6, wherein the at least one passive element operates when the first transistor and the second transistor are in the turned-on state.

8. 10. The smart card of claim 1, wherein the at least one passive element includes at least one of a light emitting element, an acoustic element, and a vibration module.

9. The smart card of claim 1 , further comprising a power storage unit electrically connected to the power generation unit and configured to store the DC power generated by the power generation unit.

10. the application circuit section further includes an additional application circuit; 2. The smart card of claim 1, wherein the additional application circuit generates an activation signal for activating the smart card chip.

11. 2. The smart card of claim 1, further comprising a contact terminal for contacting the card reader to receive power and for data communication between the smart card chip and the card reader.

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