Elevator motor

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator motor (12) comprising a stator (16) with stator windings and a rotor (20) having permanent magnets (26), the magnets (26) of the rotor (20) and the windings of the stator (16) being arranged in an axial flux arrangement, the rotor (20) being connected to a traction sheave (22) driving the hoisting ropes (24) of the elevator, the permanent magnets (26) being arranged in an annular arrangement on the carrier (28) of the rotor (20) forming a magnet ring (35) with slots (30a, 30b) therebetween. According to the invention, the width of the slots is different at least in some of two consecutive slots (30a, 30b) in the magnet ring (35). Such a permanent magnet motor reduces noise transmission and is particularly suitable for use in residential elevators.

Description

Detailed Description

[0001] The present application relates to an elevator motor comprising a stator with stator windings and a rotor with permanent magnets, the rotor magnets and stator windings being arranged in an axial flux arrangement. The rotor is connected to a traction sheave with rope grooves and frictionally cooperates with the hoisting ropes to drive an elevator car in an elevator hoistway. The permanent magnets are arranged in an annular arrangement on the rotor carrier and form a magnet ring with open or filled slots therebetween. The term "rope" includes belts and flat ropes.

[0002] Such type of permanent magnet motors show their excellent performance especially in machine room-less elevators, which are widely used in elevator technology. The permanent magnets are arranged in an annular shape, and the inter-magnet slots, which refer to the distance between the individual permanent magnets, are filled with a carrier material, usually aluminum or a plastic material, especially glass fiber laminated resin. This approach results in an elevator with a flat surface, in which the slots or ribs between the individual permanent magnets are adjacent to the end faces of the permanent magnets to form a smooth annular surface facing the path of the elevator stator blades. The problem with such known configurations is that such types of permanent magnet motors generate significant noise, which leads to obvious undesirable noise disturbances, especially in residential buildings.

[0003] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENT It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a permanent magnet axial flux elevator motor with reduced noise propagation.

[0004] The above object is solved by an elevator motor according to claim 1 and a traction sheave elevator according to claim 14. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the corresponding dependent claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are also described in the description and in the drawings.

[0005] In the above-mentioned permanent magnet axial flux elevator motor, the slot width is different between at least some of two consecutive slots in the magnet ring. Applicant has found that using different slot widths, i.e., different distances between the permanent magnets, cancels torque ripple or torque interference, and thus effectively reduces noise propagation in the permanent magnet motor.

[0006] Preferably, the slot width is different between each two consecutive slots of the magnet ring, and consecutive slots with different slot widths in the magnet ring are uniformly distributed along the entire circumference or circle of the magnet ring. Thus, for example, the magnet ring may have alternating first and second slots, the first slots having a first slot width and the second slots having a second slot width, the first and second slot widths being different from each other. In this way, a magnet ring is obtained in which the slots have different slot widths arranged alternately throughout the magnet ring, such that in successive slots of the magnet ring, all slots with even slot numbers are first slots and all slots with odd slot numbers are second slots, the first slot width and the second slot width. Of course, it is also possible to use three or four slot widths, which are usually homogeneously distributed throughout the magnet ring, such that the slot widths are in a centrally symmetrical pattern.

[0007] Of course, more than two slot widths may be used, for example three or four, preferably distributed homogeneously over the magnet ring, in particular with a constant variation such as 1,2,3,1,2,3... or 1,2,2,3,1,2,2,3... etc. (in all cases the different numbers correlate to different slot widths successively over the magnet ring, and these numbers may even exemplarily indicate the actual slot widths in mm).

[0008] In this regard, it should be mentioned that the slots do not have to be empty, but may be regularly filled with materials such as aluminum or glass fiber laminated resin, so that the surface of the magnet ring is preferably always flat. The slots can therefore also be described as the distance between the individual permanent magnets, i.e. as ribs.

[0009] If two different slot widths are used, preferably the first slot width is between 1 mm and 3 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 3 mm, and the second slot width is between 2 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 3.5 mm and 4.5 mm. These slot widths have been found to substantially reduce noise propagation through such types of permanent magnet motors while enhancing motor performance. If several slot widths are used, the smallest is preferably between 1 mm and 1.5 mm, and the largest is between 4 mm and 5 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the carriers completely fill the slots to form ribs between the permanent magnets, which preferably abut the end faces of the permanent magnets facing the stator. In this way, the permanent magnets are held in place and, together with the use of different slot widths, serve to reduce noise propagation in permanent magnet motors, since the surface of the magnet ring formed by the permanent magnets and the carrier material further reduces noise propagation.

[0011] Preferably, the permanent magnets are glued or screwed to the carrier, whereby they are immovably fixed in an annular arrangement in the carrier with precise slot width spacing. As mentioned above, the carrier is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or aluminum.

[0012] Preferably, the permanent magnets are embedded in a carrier which fixes the permanent magnets at each location, whereby different slot widths between the individual permanent magnets can be easily achieved by following the corresponding shape of the carrier.

[0013] For this purpose, the carrier preferably forms a template with holes or recesses into which the permanent magnets are inserted. The determination of the distance between the permanent magnets, i.e. the slot width, is therefore fixedly determined by the shape of the carrier, which forms a template for the permanent magnets, which only need to be inserted therein and glued to the carrier. The mounting of the permanent magnets in the carrier therefore does not require precise measurements or alignments to determine their exact positions, since these positions are predetermined by the recesses in the template. In this way, the template forms a carrier which facilitates the mounting of the permanent magnet rotor as well as the insertion of the permanent magnets into the template, where the permanent magnets are mechanically positioned at the exact mutual distance that alternatively defines the smaller and wider slots.

[0014] Preferably, the permanent magnets are slightly V-shaped at the plate surface of the magnet ring, which improves efficiency while also further reducing noise propagation, because the magnetically active area of ​​the permanent magnet is smaller at the beginning and end of the motor rotation direction compared to a rectangular magnet that cooperates with the corresponding winding to completely start and stop, thus making the power generation smoother and therefore the noise propagation as well.

[0015] As is typical in axial flux motors, the permanent magnets and windings are disposed at the same distance from the motor shaft, so that the overall flux shape forms a cylinder around the motor shaft. In this way, the motor can be made with small axial dimensions, i.e. flat, and high torque is obtained because the force-generating electromagnetic elements can be located within the outer range of the rotor diameter, and therefore the motor has good working force. Thus, the motor produces high torque with less power, creating a synergistic effect together with the use of different slot widths to again counteract noise propagation.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stator has concentrated fractional slot windings with a minimum of 0.1 slots per pole per phase and a maximum of 0.5 slots per pole per phase. Such a type of motor produces better torque combined with less material usage, which makes the resulting elevator motor very efficient. This type of motor produces many harmonics that oppose noise propagation, so the use of different slot widths effectively counters such noise propagation.

[0017] The invention further relates to a traction sheave elevator comprising an elevator motor of the above type, the hoisting ropes of which run around the traction sheave of the elevator motor being arranged to move an elevator car along an elevator hoistway in an elevator shaft. The use of a silent permanent magnet motor is particularly reasonable in connection with traction sheave elevators, which is the type of elevator most used in residential buildings where the problem of noise transmission is most relevant. The use of a permanent magnet axial flux elevator motor according to the invention is therefore particularly beneficial in traction sheave elevators, which are usually installed in residential buildings.

[0018] In most of these types of traction sheave elevators, the hoisting ropes are configured to move the elevator car and counterweight, essentially reducing the torque requirements of the elevator motor, thus working in conjunction with the quiet permanent magnet motor to reduce noise transmission throughout the traction sheave elevator, thus creating a synergistic effect with the quiet elevator motor.

[0019] Preferably, the elevator motor is located in the elevator shaft, preferably at the top or bottom thereof. This has the advantage that only the elevator shaft needs to be sound-insulated for the building, and there is no need to provide an additional machine room to overlap the sound insulation for the occupied parts of the building. This arrangement of such a motor periodically results in a higher noise transmission in the building than if it were located in the machine room, and this problem is countered by using different slot widths.

[0020] Preferably, the motor drive that controls the elevator motor is located within the elevator shaft, preferably close to the elevator motor. In this way, the high current generating motor drive is close to the elevator motor, thus avoiding long distance high current paths within the building, and also keeps any noise generated by the motor drive inside the elevator shaft, again reducing noise propagation throughout the traction sheave elevator.

[0021] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that all the above-mentioned features of the present invention can be arbitrarily combined as long as the individual features are not mutually inconsistent.

[0022] The following terms are used synonymously: slot - rib - slot filled with the material of the carrier, smaller slot - slot having a smaller width - first slot, larger slot - slot having a larger (wider) width - second slot, shaft - axis, rope - belt. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0023] In the following, the invention will be explained with reference to schematic drawings. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a side view of an elevator motor of the present invention. [Diagram 2] The magnet ring of the rotor of a permanent magnet motor is shown in a view taken along line II-II of FIG. [Diagram 3] 3 shows a detail of the magnet ring of the rotor of FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 1 shows a carrier formed as a template that determines the arrangement for fastening the permanent magnets to the elevator rotor.

[0024] FIG. 1 shows a traction sheave elevator 10 with elevator motor 12, a permanent magnet axial flux motor mounted at the top of elevator shaft 14. Elevator motor 12 has a stator 16 and a rotor 20 rotating around motor shaft 18 and is connected to a traction sheave 22 with rope grooves. Hoisting ropes 24 run in the rope grooves to move elevator car 27 and counterweight 25 in elevator shaft 14. For clarity, a 1:1 suspension is shown for elevator car 27 and counterweight 25, but preferably a 2:1 suspension is used for both, reducing the torque requirements of the elevator motor by approximately a factor of two. Motor 12 is preferably flat and disk-like in shape, i.e. its radial length is longer than its axial length. This allows motor 12 to be fixed to elevator guide rails and mounted between the guide rails and the shaft wall.

[0025] 1 further shows a motor drive 33 that is also mounted at the top of the elevator shaft 14 and connected to the elevator motor 12 via a high current supply line. The motor drive 33 is further connected via a control line 31 to an elevator controller 32 that is mounted in an enclosure 34 beside a floor entrance 36 that connects a floor 38 of the building to the elevator shaft 14.

[0026] The elevator rotor 20 has individual, identically sized permanent magnets 26 spaced apart by carriers 28 used to secure the permanent magnets 26 to the rotor 20 (see especially FIG. 4). This provides alternatively between each of the permanent magnets 26 a first slot 30a having a smaller width and a second slot 30b having a larger width. The permanent magnets 26 may be of one piece or of several pieces. Optional two-piece permanent magnets are known.

[0027] 2-4, the permanent magnets 26 together with the carrier 28 form a magnet ring 35 as a force element of the rotor 20. In the magnet ring 35, the permanent magnets 26 of the same size are alternatively spaced by smaller first slots 30a and larger second slots 30b such that every even slot number is a smaller first slot and every odd slot number of the magnet ring 35 is a larger odd slot 30b. In this manner, the force and torque generation over a complete 360° rotation of the rotor 20 is smoothed, and therefore the noise propagation of the permanent magnet motor 12 is essentially reduced.

[0028] 3 shows detail III taken from FIG. 2, showing how a first slot 30a with a smaller slot width of about 2 mm is always followed by a second slot 30b with a larger slot width of about 4 mm. In this connection, it should be mentioned that the slots 30a, 30b are filled by a carrier 28 forming a die plate 28 serving to attach the permanent magnets 26 to the rotor 20 as shown in FIG.

[0029] The template is made of aluminum or fiber-reinforced resin and consists of an outer ring 42 and a concentric inner ring 44. These rings are connected by alternating first and second ribs 46a, 46b. The first ribs 46a have a smaller width and alternate with the second ribs 46b, which are larger in width. Between the ribs 46a, 46b of the outer ring 42, the inner ring 44 and the template 28, recesses 40 are formed, into which the permanent magnets can be pressed and glued to the carrier. The permanent magnets 26 are thus mechanically arranged in the correct position to form two alternating slots 30a, 30b of different widths between them. In such a template, the ribs 46a, 46b form the corresponding slots 30a, 30b in the rotor 20 of the magnet ring 35.

[0030] Such a carrier 28 thus forms a mounting plate with holes 40 made of a typical material known per se that is used to fill the gaps between the permanent magnets of permanent magnet motors, preferably aluminum or resin reinforced with fiber laminations. Furthermore, the carrier 28 and the permanent magnets 26 may be screwed or glued to the rotor 20 of the permanent magnets.

[0031] It must be mentioned that in the traction sheave elevator of FIG. 1, if the car 27 and / or the counterweight 25 are suspended with a 2:1 rope suspension, the noise reduction can be further increased, whereby the torque requirement can be reduced by about half compared to a 1:1 suspension. This leads to an elevator arrangement that preferably uses the elevator motor 12 to transport at the top or bottom of the elevator shaft 14. Preferably, the elevator also has a counterweight 25, which again reduces the torque requirement and thus the noise transmitted by the motor. In this case, diverting pulleys have to be provided in connection with the car 27 and the counterweight 25, and the ends of the hoisting ropes will be fixed somewhere in the elevator shaft 14.

[0032] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments do not limit the present invention, and the present invention can be realized within the scope of protection of the appended claims.

[0033] 10 Traction sheave elevator 12 Permanent magnet elevator motor with axial flux 14 Elevator Shaft Elevator rotor stator with 16 windings 18 Elevator motor rotating shaft 20 Rotor of elevator motor with permanent magnets 22 Traction sheave with rope grooves for frictional grip of hoisting rope 24 Set of 4 parallel hoisting ropes 25 Counterweight 26 Permanent magnets in the rotor that form a magnet ring 27 Elevator Cab 28 Carrier for carrying permanent magnets on rotor - a plate for attaching the permanent magnets to the rotor, e.g. made of aluminum or fiber-reinforced plastic 29 High current supply line between motor drive and elevator motor 30a First slot (narrow or smaller width) 30b Second slot (wider or larger width) 31 Control line between elevator control device and motor drive 32 Elevator control device 33 Motor drive (usually includes a frequency converter) Control unit next to the door on the 34th floor 35 A magnet ring formed by a series of permanent magnets and slots (ribs) 36th floor door 38 Floors of buildings 40 Recess in the mold plate for attaching the permanent magnet to the rotor 42 Outer ring of template 44 Inner ring of mold plate 46a, 46b Ribs of different widths between the outer ring, the inner ring and the recesses which form the slots of the magnet ring 35

Claims

1. a stator (16) with stator windings and a rotor (20) having permanent magnets (26), the magnets (26) of the rotor (20) and the windings of the stator (16) being arranged in an axial flux configuration, the rotor (20) being connected to a traction sheave (22) which drives an elevator hoist rope (24); the permanent magnets (26) are mounted in an annular arrangement on a carrier (28) of the rotor (20) to form a magnet ring (35) having slots (30a, 30b) therebetween; The elevator motor (12) is characterized in that the width of the slots is different between at least some of two consecutive slots (30a, 30b) in the magnet ring (35).

2. 2. The elevator motor (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the slots is different between each two consecutive slots (30a, 30b) in the magnet ring (35).

3. 10. An elevator motor (12) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnet ring (35) comprises a first slot (30a) having a first width and a second slot (30b) having a second slot width, the first slot width being different from the second slot width.

4. 4. The elevator motor (12) according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that in the consecutive slots (30a, 30b) of the magnet ring (35), all the slots (30a) having even slot numbers are first slots and all the slots (30b) having odd slot numbers are second slots.

5. 5. An elevator motor as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the first slot width is between 1.5mm and 3mm, preferably between 2-3mm, and the second slot width is between 2.5mm and 5mm, preferably between 3.5mm and 4.5mm.

6. 10. An elevator motor (12) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier (28) completely fills the slots (30a, 30b) so as to form ribs (46a, b) between the permanent magnets (26), the ribs (46a, b) preferably abutting the end faces of the permanent magnets facing the stator (16).

7. 10. An elevator motor (12) according to any preceding claim, wherein the permanent magnet (26) is glued or screwed to the carrier (28).

8. 10. An elevator motor (12) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier (28) is made of fibreglass laminate or aluminium.

9. 10. An elevator motor (12) according to any preceding claim, wherein the permanent magnet (26) is embedded within the carrier (28).

10. 10. The elevator motor (12) of claim 9, wherein the carrier (28) defines a template with holes or recesses (40) into which the permanent magnets (26) are inserted.

11. 10. An elevator motor (12) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the permanent magnets (26) are V-shaped on the plate surface of the magnet ring (35).

12. 10. An elevator motor (12) according to any preceding claim, wherein the permanent magnets (26) and the windings are disposed at the same distance from the motor shaft (18).

13. 10. An elevator motor (12) according to any preceding claim, wherein the stator (16) has concentrated fractional slot windings with a minimum of 0.1 slots per pole per phase and a maximum of 0.5 slots per pole per phase.

14. A traction sheave elevator comprising an elevator motor (12) according to any of the preceding claims, The hoist rope (24) is configured to move an elevator car (27) along an elevator hoistway within the elevator shaft (14).

15. 15. The traction sheave elevator according to claim 14, wherein the hoisting ropes (24) are configured to move the elevator car (27) and optionally also the counterweight (25).

16. A traction sheave elevator according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the elevator motor (12) is arranged within the elevator shaft (14), preferably at the top or bottom thereof.

17. 17. The traction sheave elevator according to claim 14, wherein a motor drive (33) for controlling the elevator motor (12) is disposed in the elevator shaft (14).

18. 18. A traction sheave elevator according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the car (27) and / or the counterweight (25) are suspended by the hoisting ropes (24) with a suspension ratio of 2:1.

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