Self-discharging separator

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-discharging separator having a rotatable centrifuge drum (1) with a vertical axis of rotation D, the centrifuge drum being provided with an inlet for a suspension to be processed in a centrifugation area and at least one outlet for the liquid phase, and a solid discharge opening (12) to which a discharge system with a piston slide valve (11) is assigned, the discharge system having a control fluid system assigned to the piston slide valve (11) for controlling its opening and closing movements, the fluid for initiating the closing movement of the piston slide valve (11) being directable at least into a closing conduit system up to a closing chamber, a pressure vessel (118) being provided for supplying the fluid for initiating the closing movement of the piston slide valve (11) to the closing chamber (103), the pressure vessel being arranged upstream of a closing fluid valve (107) and being pre-pressurized via an additional valve (119) to a predetermined pressure. Furthermore, a control device (101) is provided for at least determining a pressure drop in the pressure vessel (118) when the solid discharge opening (12) is closed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a self-discharging separator as described in the first part of claim 1 and a method for treating a centrifuged product as described in claim 9.

Background Art

[0002] The separator that discharges discontinuously as defined herein comprises, in addition to one or more discharge parts for one or more liquid phases, a discharge system that is fluid-operated, particularly liquid-operated, and has a piston slide valve that alternately moves between an open position and a closed position. The piston slide valve opens (open position) and closes again (closed position) a solid discharge opening in the drum wall. In the open position, the solid phase is discharged from the centrifuge drum.

[0003] In order to ensure the correct functioning of such a drum discharge system of a self-discharging separator, it can have a control fluid system with a piston valve. This is used to fill a chamber on the piston slide valve with a fluid - preferably a liquid - and to release the fluid from the chamber of the piston slide valve to discharge solids so that the piston slide valve moves. For example, in a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, the fluid escapes under the piston slide valve and the product in the drum pushes the piston slide valve vertically downwards. The aim here is to supply the control fluid system of the centrifuge drum with a fluid quantity that is measured as accurately as possible and in as short a time as possible during the discharge of the ("open fluid"). Thus, the quantity of the open fluid determines the discharge quantity.

[0004] Currently, the control fluid systems of most self-discharging separators are "open", i.e., both the closed fluid and the open fluid are sprayed into the rotating drum via a control water spray section. For example, German Patent No. 31 15 875 discloses an open control fluid system in which both the closed fluid and the open fluid are sprayed into a rotating centrifuge drum via a control water spray section.

[0005] German Patent No. 28 22 478 describes a self-draining separator equipped with a control fluid system. The control fluid is supplied under pressure through a pipe passing through the center of a first rotating drive spindle and is then radially supplied into the centrifuge drum through the drive spindle.

[0006] Similar to German Patent No. 28 22 478, European Patent No. 3 207 995 also discloses a self-draining separator equipped with a control fluid system. In this self-draining separator, the control fluid is supplied through a rotating drive spindle, and the supply channel is arranged within a ring around the supply channel for the suspension to be processed to cool the mechanical seal. The released fluid is discharged through a line that axially passes outside the center of a rotating drum or centrifuge drum during operation and continues axially, but it is almost impossible to execute this due to the rotation of the drum. Summary of the Invention Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0007] The control fluid system according to the prior art has been actually demonstrated. The drawback of this system is that leaks in this hydraulic system cannot be easily detected.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to solve this problem. Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] The present invention achieves this object by the subject matter of claim 1. Furthermore, a method according to claim 9 is provided.

[0010] A self-discharging separator is produced having a rotatable centrifuge drum with a vertical axis of rotation, where the centrifuge drum is provided with a solid discharge opening to which a discharge system with a piston slide valve is assigned. This can be moved, in a fluid-actuated manner, in particular by a fluid, to an open position and to a closed position, where the discharge system further has a control fluid system assigned to the piston slide valve for controlling its opening and closing movements. This control fluid system then has the following. at least a control device configured to control the opening and closing movements, and an open fluid line within the drum, which can supply fluid for activating the opening movement of the piston slide valve (11) from a stationary position that does not rotate during operation via an open fluid supply where an open fluid valve is arranged, a closed chamber in which fluid for actuating the closing movement of the piston slide valve is supplied via a closed fluid supply where a closed fluid valve is arranged, at least the fluid for activating the closing movement of the piston slide valve is led into the closed chamber within the closed conduit system, furthermore, a pressure vessel arranged upstream of the closed fluid valve and provided with an additional valve through which a defined pressure is applied and a pre-pressure is applied, for supplying the fluid for activating the closing movement of the piston slide valve to the closed chamber, the control device is further provided for determining a pressure drop within the pressure vessel when the solid opening is closed.

[0011] Such a self-discharging separator has various advantages. The opening and closing fluid (i.e., the fluid used for opening and closing, i.e., the fluid for actuating each opening and closing movement of the piston slide valve) can be, for example, water or, for example, the product to be treated or a fluid suspension.

[0012] When the pressure drop in the pressure vessel when the closing fluid is supplied to close the solid discharge opening is determined, it can be used to draw a relatively accurate conclusion about the discharged discharge volume. Subsequently, a dosing device for the opening fluid is used to increase or decrease the discharge volume as required to achieve a preselected discharge volume. The preselected discharge volume depends on the geometric shape of the drum and the process engineering requirements of the centrifuge.

[0013] Therefore, if the determined actual value of the amount of discharged solid does not match the set value, the amount of opening water in the dosing device can subsequently be adjusted (increased or decreased) for subsequent discharge. When all has been discharged, the closing water valve is closed and the drum remains open until it is completely empty.

[0014] The pressure drop that occurs in the pre-pressurized pressure vessel during two partially discharging operations can be used as an indicator of seal defects on the piston slide valve or the drum valve and can also be used for leakage monitoring. This is particularly possible because, unlike the case where the closing water is injected into the rotating centrifuge drum in a kind of spray, there is no possibility of loss of the amount of closing fluid during the filling of the closing chamber in the rotating system.

[0015] According to any advantageous further development, the amount of opening fluid required for opening can be metered by the dosing device.

[0016] Both the closing fluid and the opening fluid are preferably supplied from a location outside the rotating system of the separator, through a rotating feed-through into the drive spindle, and from there into the rotating centrifuge drum and into the opening fluid line in the drum or the closing chamber, and supplied into a closed and sealed hydraulic system, which is advantageous. Injection from a non-rotating location into the injection chamber of the rotating centrifuge drum is not required. The supply lines in the closed system enable the accurate supply of a specified amount of fluid into each chamber. Loss of fluid during injection is avoided.

[0017] Accordingly, the present invention also provides the following method. A method for performing a partial discharge of solids in the treatment of a fluid product using a separator according to one of the preceding claims is characterized by the steps of the following method. Step a) providing a self-discharging separator according to any of claims 1 to 8; Step b) continuously rotating a centrifuge drum and continuously treating a fluid suspension, the suspension being centrifuged into at least a liquid phase and a solid phase; Step c) discharging solids through the following sub-steps, repeated at intervals during step b), Sub-step i) By opening the open fluid valve, the amount of open fluid metered by the dosing device enters the open fluid line in the drum, the piston slide valve moves to the open position, and the solid opening is opened by the piston slide valve, whereby the opening is opened and solids in the centrifuge drum are discharged; Sub-step ii) closing the opened fluid valve and ending the discharge of solids by opening the closed fluid valve, whereby the closed chamber is filled and the piston slide valve covers the solid opening of the centrifuge drum, whereby the solid opening is closed, until the closed fluid is replenished from the pressure vessel to the closed chamber via the opened closed fluid valve; Sub-step iii) determining the pressure drop in the pressure vessel when the solid opening is closed.

[0018] The change in the pressure drop in sub-step iii) between two partial discharges should itself result in an equal pressure drop, but can be used in a simple way as an indication of a seal defect, whereby monitoring of leakage in the rotating system is achieved in a simple way.

[0019] Also, the amount of solid discharged using the pressure drop determined in step iii) is determined, and / or the amount to be discharged in the next discharge can also be set using the change in pressure within the pressure vessel.

[0020] For example, the pressure vessel is pressurized to a predetermined pressure between two discharge steps by steps i), ii), and iii) by filling it with a fluid. Further advantageous configurations of the present invention can be found in the other dependent claims.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings by way of exemplary embodiments. The present invention is not limited to these exemplary embodiments and can also be realized in other ways according to the language or other equivalent ways.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0022] In the following description of the drawings, exemplary embodiments are described. The individual features of this exemplary embodiment can also be combined with exemplary embodiments not shown and are suitable in each case as advantageous configurations for the purposes described in some of the individual or main and dependent claims.

[0023] FIG. 1 shows a rotatable centrifugal separation drum 1 of a centrifuge configured as a self-discharging separator. The centrifugal separation drum 1 has a vertical rotation axis D. The drive spindle SP for rotating the centrifuge drum 1 is rotatably mounted within the machine frame G. This drive spindle SP carries the centrifuge drum 1, and the centrifuge drum 1 is attached to the free end of the drive spindle SP. The drive spindle SP is rotated here by the motor 14. Alternatively, modifications of other drive units are also possible.

[0024] The centrifuge drum 1 may be single and / or, as in this case, may be double - conical (bottom and / or top and especially inside). The centrifuge drum 1 is preferably configured for continuous operation, i.e., for the continuous non - batch centrifugation of a fluid suspension.

[0025] The centrifuge drum 1 can have an upper drum part 2 and a lower drum part 3. These drum parts 2 and 3 can be connected to each other in various ways, for example, using a locking ring 4.

[0026] A distributor 5 is formed in the centrifuge drum 1 to supply the product from the product supply pipe 6 to the separation chamber 7. The product P is transferred to the rotating system within the distributor 5. The product supply pipe 6 is fed into the centrifuge drum 1 above or from the end opposite to the drive spindle SP.

[0027] Figure 1 shows an example of a so - called clarification separator configured to clarify the product P (fluid suspension) processed in a centrifugal field or to separate it into a solid phase S and a single liquid phase L.

[0028] The actual centrifugation of the product P into its different phases takes place within the separation chamber 7. The separation chamber 7 preferably has a disk stack 8 consisting of separation disks. It also has a solid collection chamber 9 radially outside, and the solid phase S separated from the suspension or fluid product P is collected during the separation and / or clarification process.

[0029] Furthermore, here, the separator has a single liquid discharge section 10 through which the liquid phase L can be discharged from the centrifuge drum 1. The liquid discharge section 10 is here configured as a so-called pairing disk that operates as a centrifugal pump. The liquid discharge section 10 can also be realized in another way. It is also possible to discharge several liquid phases, in which case the centrifuge drum 1 must be provided with a corresponding additional discharge system (for example, an additional pairing disk and a separation disk (both not shown) for supplying the additional liquid phase to this pairing disk). The separator is then configured as a so-called separation separator in which two liquid phases and the solid phase are separated from each other.

[0030] A fluid-operated discharge system is used to discharge the solid phase S from the solid collection chamber 9 of the centrifuge drum 1. This system has a piston slide valve 11 for opening and closing a plurality of solid discharge openings 12, and the piston slide valve 11 can be formed to be circumferentially distributed in the region of the maximum diameter of the centrifuge drum 1. The discharge system further includes a control fluid system 100 related to the piston slide valve 11 for controlling its opening and closing movement.

[0031] The control fluid system 100 has a control device 101. This is configured as a higher-level control computer for the separator. The control fluid system 100 also includes an open fluid line in the drum 102 and a closed chamber 103 in the centrifuge drum 1, and a fluid, particularly water, can be supplied into the centrifuge drum 1 via an open fluid supply section 104 and a closed fluid supply section 105, and an open fluid valve 106 and a closed fluid valve 107 are arranged in each of them to operate the opening and closing operations.

[0032] It is advantageous if both the closed fluid and preferably also the open fluid are guided from a position outside the rotating system of the separator, via a sealed rotary feed-through 13 (see also FIG. 2), into the drive spindle SP within a preferably enclosed hydraulic system (conduits, valves, etc.), from there into the rotating centrifuge drum 1, and if they are then guided into the open fluid line within the drum 102 or the closed chamber 103.

[0033] Therefore, injection from a non-rotating position into the injection chamber of the rotating centrifuge drum 1 is unnecessary. The open fluid supply 104 and the closed fluid supply 105 are each provided, during operation, from a fixed position outside the separator rotating elements such as the centrifuge drum 1 and the drive spindle SP, via the rotary feed-through 13, through the drive spindle SP rotating during the operation of the separator, and then via the radial line portions 1043, 1053, to the centrifuge drum 1 rotating at the speed of the drive spindle SP.

[0034] The rotary feed-through 13 enables the sealed transfer of fluid from a fixed supply line (here, such as the open fluid supply 104 and the closed fluid supply 105) into and out of the rotating separator element (such as the drive spindle SP), or through the rotating separator element, and into the centrifuge drum 1 rotating at the same speed.

[0035] FIG. 2 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of an exemplary rotary feed-through 13 for the separator from FIG. 1. The rotary feed-through 13 is here configured as a two-line rotary feed-through. The open fluid supply 104 and the closed fluid supply 105 to the rotary feed-through 13 are preferably effected radially through the radial supply line portions 1041, 1051 into the tubular portion 17 of the rotary feed-through 13, which tubular portion 17 is aligned with the drive spindle SP and does not rotate during the operation of the separator.

[0036] After entering the radial supply line portions 1041 and 1051, the open fluid and the closed fluid are respectively guided separately from each other within the tubular portion 17 in the axially arranged fluid channels 1042 and 1052. The fluid channels 1042 and 1052 are coaxial here.

[0037] This tubular portion 17 is axially adjacent to the drive spindle SP, which rotates during operation, and the fluid channels 1042 and 1052 are continuous with each other axially or coaxially as fluid channels 1042-1 and 1052-1. Each fluid channel 1042-1 and 1052-1 of the drive spindle SP opens into the respective corresponding radial line portion 1043 and 1053, which extend radially out from the drive spindle SP.

[0038] The seal 16 can be used to seal the transition portions of the fluid channels 1042, 1042-1 and 1052, 1052-1 between the non-rotating tubular portion 17 and the rotating drive spindle SP. The drive spindle SP can be driven, for example, by the drive unit 14. In this case, the rotor 14-1 of the drive unit 14 is firmly connected to the drive spindle SP, and the stator 14-2 of the drive unit 14 is firmly connected to the housing G.

[0039] The open fluid supply 104 is associated with a dosing device 108 connected upstream of the open fluid valve 106. The dosing device 108 has a dosing element 110 that is movable, in particular displaceable, within the dosing chamber 109, and the dosing element divides the dosing chamber 109 into a fluid chamber 111 and a pressure chamber 112 for introducing a fluid, in particular a gas such as compressed air. The dosing element 110 is here configured as a movable, in particular deformable, diaphragm. The dosing element 110 can also be configured differently.

[0040] The fluid chamber 111 is formed between the filling valve 113 and the open fluid valve 106, as well as between the adjusting element 114. Also, a compressed air line 115 to which the valve 116 is connected opens into the pressure chamber 112. The control input of each of all controllable valves can be connected to the control device 101.

[0041] The piston valve 117 inserted into the wall of the centrifuge drum 1 can serve to discharge the closing fluid (and the opening fluid), and in this case is controlled by the opening fluid. As shown on the right side of FIG. 1, during operation, the closing fluid valve 107 is opened to keep the solid discharge opening 12 of the centrifuge drum 1 closed. The closing fluid is supplied to the closing chamber 103 in the centrifuge drum 1 via the pressure vessel 118. This closing fluid is under pressure and is pre-pressurized via an upstream fluid source (not shown here) such as an additional valve 119 and a pump during filling, and a defined pressure spreads throughout the closing fluid system.

[0042] The term "pre-pressurized" can mean that a defined (excess) pressure is provided to the pressure vessel 118 via the valve 119 by keeping the valve 119 open during filling until a defined pressure is detected by a suitable measuring device M that closes the valve 119. This can be done, for example, during the period between two solid discharge operations, i.e., partial discharges.

[0043] When a partial discharge is performed to discharge the solid phase S from the solid collection chamber 9 of the centrifuge drum 1, the opening fluid valve 106 is first opened, and an amount of opening fluid metered by the dosing device 108 enters the opening fluid line 102 in the drum. This opening fluid overcomes the closing force of the piston valve 117, whereby the closing fluid is discharged. As a result, the piston slide valve 11 moves to the open position, and the solid opening 12 is opened by the piston slide valve 11.

[0044] When the partial discharge is completed, the open fluid valve 106 is closed and the closed fluid valve 107 is opened. This fills the closed chamber 103, and until the piston slide valve 11 covers the solid opening 12 of the centrifuge drum 1 and the solid opening 12 is closed, the closed fluid is pushed into the closed chamber 103 from the pressure vessel 118 through the closed fluid valve 107.

[0045] This causes a pressure drop in the pressure vessel 118, which can be measured, in particular, by the measuring device M. From the amount of pressure drop in the pressure vessel 118, it is possible to determine how much closed fluid has been consumed, and thus to accurately describe the amount of solid discharged by the partial discharge. For the next discharge, the pressure vessel 118 is pre-pressurized again via the valve 119 and a specified pressure is applied. This pressure can be detected or measured via the measuring device M.

[0046] Using the open fluid dosing device 108, the amount of solid discharged during the next solid discharge operation can be increased or decreased as necessary by comparing it with the amount of solid discharged determined by the amount of pressure drop in the pressure vessel 118, to achieve the pre-selected amount of solid to be discharged. Thus, the dosing device 108 pre-doses a larger or smaller amount of open fluid in the dosing device 108 than in the case of the previous partial discharge operation.

[0047] The pre-selected amount of solid depends on the geometric shape of the centrifuge drum 1 and the process engineering requirements of the separator. When the total amount is empty, the closed fluid valve 107 is closed so that the centrifuge drum 1 remains open until the centrifuge drum 1 is completely empty.

[0048] The pressure drop occurring in the pre-pressurized pressure vessel 118 between two partial discharges can be used as an indicator of a defect in the seal on the piston slide valve 11 or the piston valve 117 and can be used for leak monitoring.

[0049] Both the closed fluid and the open fluid are preferably supplied from a location outside the separator's rotating system, through the rotary feed-through 13, into the drive spindle SP, and from there into the rotating centrifuge drum 1, and then into the open fluid line within the drum 12 or the closed chamber 13, within a closed and sealed hydraulic system. For example, it is possible to determine whether there is a leak in this closed system, such as a piston slide valve seal or a piston valve 117 for discharging the closed fluid, by means of a measuring device M configured as a pressure monitoring device. The amount of solids discharged can also be determined using the pressure drop during the discharge process of the separator.

[0050] The control device 101 can be controlled by a computer program product in the form of a control program, which also governs the separator control and / or regulation, and thus can control and / or regulate the operation of the piston slide valve 11, in particular the administration of the open fluid within the dosing device 108 and the pre-pressure of the pressure vessel 118, as well as the performance and execution of the measurements.

Explanation of Signs

[0051] List of symbols 1 Centrifuge drum 2 Upper drum part 3 Lower drum part 4 Lock ring 5 Distributor 6 Product supply pipe 7 Separation chamber 8 Disc stack 9 Solid collection chamber 10 Liquid discharge part 11 Piston slide valve 12 Solid discharge opening 13 Rotary feed-through 14 Drive part 14-1 Rotor 14-2 Stator 16 Seal 17 Tubular part 100 Control fluid system 101 Control device 102 Open fluid line in the drum 103 Closed chamber 104 Open fluid supply section 1041 Radial supply line portion 1042 Fluid channel 1042-1 Fluid channel 1043 Radial line portion 105 Closed fluid supply section 1051 Radial supply line portion 1052 Fluid channel 1052-1 Fluid channel 1053 Radial line portion 106 Open fluid valve 107 Closed fluid valve 108 Administration device 109 Administration chamber 110 Administration element 111 Fluid chamber 112 Pressure chamber 113 Filling valve 114 Adjustment element 115 Compressed air line 116 Valve 117 Piston valve 118 Pressure vessel 119 Valve G Machine frame D Rotating shaft L Liquid phase S Solid SP Driving spindle P Product M Measuring device

Claims

1. A self-discharging separator having a rotatable centrifuge drum (1) with a vertical axis of rotation D, the centrifuge drum being provided with an inlet for the suspension to be processed in the centrifugal field and at least one outlet for the liquid phase, and a solid discharge opening (12) to which a discharge system with a piston slide valve (11) is assigned, the discharge system being movable in a fluid-operated manner, in particular between an open position and a closed position by means of a fluid, the discharge system further having a control fluid system (100) assigned to the piston slide valve (11) for controlling its opening and closing movements, the control fluid system (100) comprising: a) a control device (101) configured to control at least the opening and closing movements; b) an open fluid line in the drum (102), the open fluid line being supplied with fluid for activating the opening movement of the piston slide valve (11) from a stationary position that does not rotate during operation via an open fluid supply (104) in which an open fluid valve (106) is arranged; c) a closed chamber (103), the closed chamber being supplied with fluid for activating the closing movement of the piston slide valve (11) via a closed fluid supply (105) in which a closed fluid valve (107) is arranged, in a self-discharging separator; d) at least the fluid for activating the closing movement of the piston slide valve (11) being led into the closed chamber in the closed conduit system; e) a pressure vessel (118) arranged upstream of the closed fluid valve (107) and provided with an additional valve (119) for applying a defined pressure and a pre-pressure in order to supply the closed chamber (103) with the fluid for actuating the closing movement of the piston slide valve (11); f) the control device (101) further being provided for at least determining the pressure drop in the pressure vessel (118) when the solid opening (12) is closed, characterized self-discharging separator.

2. The self-discharging separator according to claim 1, wherein the amount of fluid required for opening is metered by a dosing device (108) and activates the opening movement of the piston slide valve (11).

3. For a self-draining separator according to claim 1 or 2, both the fluid for actuating the opening movement and the fluid for actuating the closing movement are supplied or can be supplied into a closed conduit system up to an opening fluid line within the drum (102) or up to a closing chamber (103).

4. A self-draining separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressure within the pressure vessel (118) is determined via a measuring device M.

5. A self-draining separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dosing device (108) has a dosing element (110) displaceable within a dosing chamber (109) and an adjusting element (114) for dosing an amount of fluid required for opening.

6. A self-draining separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the open fluid supply (104) and the closed fluid supply (105) are effected at least partially via a sealed rotary feedthrough (13) passing through the drive spindle SP which rotates during operation of the separator.

7. A self-draining separator according to claim 6, wherein the rotary feedthrough (13) is configured as a rotary feedthrough having two lines.

8. A self-draining separator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the control device (101) has a computer control program which governs the control and adjustment of the separator and controls the actuation of the piston slide valve (11), in particular the dosing of the open fluid in the dosing device (108) and the actuation of the valve (119) for pre-pressurizing the pressure vessel (118), as well as the performance and execution of measurements.

9. A method for performing a partial discharge of solids when treating a fluid product using a separator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: a) providing a self-draining separator according to any one of claims 1 to 8; b) rotating a centrifuge drum (1) and continuously treating a fluid suspension, wherein the suspension is centrifuged into at least a liquid phase F and a solid phase S; c) intermittently during step b), repeatedly discharging the solid phase S through the following sub-steps: i. By opening the open fluid valve (106), the amount of open fluid metered by the dosing device (108) enters the open fluid line within the drum (102), the piston slide valve (11) moves to the open position, the solid opening (12) is opened by the piston slide valve (11), thereby opening, and the solids in the centrifuge drum (1) are discharged; a sub-step; ii. Ending the discharge of solids by closing the open fluid valve (106) and opening the closed fluid valve (107), whereby the closed chamber (103) is filled, the piston slide valve (11) covers the solid opening (12) of the centrifuge drum (1), and until the solid opening (12) is closed, the closed fluid is replenished from the pre-pressurized pressure vessel (118) into the closed chamber (103) via the open / closed fluid valve (107); a sub-step; iii. A method comprising steps including a sub-step of determining the pressure drop within the pressure vessel (118) when the solid opening (12) is closed.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the change in the pressure drop in sub-step iii) between two partial discharges is used as an indicator of a seal defect on the piston slide valve (11) or the piston valve (117), whereby leakage monitoring is carried out.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the amount of discharged solids is determined as an actual value using the pressure drop determined in sub-step iii).

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the actual value is compared with a target value, and if the actual value of the amount of solids to be discharged does not correspond to a predetermined target value, the amount of open fluid within the dosing device (108) is subsequently adjusted for further discharge.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the pressure vessel (118) is pre-pressurized to a predetermined pressure by filling it with fluid.

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