Multi-configuration spray mist pollution removal system

Abstract

A multi-configuration spray mist contamination removal control system that controls hardware designed to clean a substantially enclosed space of microorganisms. The control system utilizes a plurality of application subsystems to provide contamination removal capabilities. The control system is designed for local and remote operation. The control system can be operated automatically or manually. The control system is scalable for different numbers of sensors and contamination removal applicators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Cross - Reference to Related Applications

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 339,832, filed May 9, 2022.

[0002]

[0002] This application generally relates to multi - component systems for removing contaminants from articles, enclosed spaces, and unenclosed spaces, and more particularly to removing microbiological contaminants from such locations.

Background Art

[0003]

[0003] Microbial species are widely distributed in our environment. Most microbial species cause few problems as they do not harm other organisms. However, other microbial species can infect humans or animals and cause harm to them. The removal of microorganisms, as well as the decontamination of articles and spaces from them, has been of interest for a long time. Drugs and medical devices are sterilized and packaged in sterile containers. Medical environments, such as operating rooms, hospital wards, and examination rooms, are decontaminated by various cleaning procedures so that the microorganisms of concern cannot spread between patients.

[0004]

[0004] Many available techniques for controlling microorganisms are valuable in the context of biological warfare and bioterrorism. Further, existing decontamination techniques have limited effectiveness in enclosed environments.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Addressing the timing, duration, and control of the contamination removal process is technically difficult. Control systems often rely on many people on-site to monitor and implement the contamination removal process. Furthermore, systems for controlling the contamination removal process are neither scalable nor modular. As a result, the contamination removal process typically requires a redesign of system control depending on the nature of the contamination removal process. Considering the above, there is an urgent need for a scalable and modular system that can provide high awareness of the time of the contamination removal process and high awareness of the environment even when there is no person on-site.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0006]

[0006] One aspect of the present application is a multi-configuration system for contamination removal, comprising a general-purpose computer, a sensor package, one or more control boards, one or more applicators, and an operator device. The general-purpose computer is network-connected to the sensor package by one or more control boards. The sensor package can detect the presence of microorganisms. The sensor package is network-connected to one or more applicators. One or more applicators are configured to apply a contamination removal process to remove microorganisms. The operator device is network-connected to the general-purpose computer via an application programming interface (API) gateway. The operator device displays a network interface to the operator. The API gateway provides access to the system controller.

[0007]

[0007] In certain embodiments, the system controller comprises a set of subsystems, the set of subsystems being linked to the system controller by a bi-directional interface, the set of subsystems comprising a warning subsystem that, when a sensor package detects the presence of a microorganism, then warns an operator by means of a display at a network interface, and a device driver subsystem that network connects the sensor package and the applicator to the network by means of a unidirectional interface.

[0008]

[0008] In certain embodiments, the system is manually controlled by one or more individuals via an operator device. In certain embodiments, the system is under event-driven control by a system controller that receives a warning of the presence of a microorganism. In certain embodiments, the system is under remote control by one or more individuals via an operator device. In certain embodiments, the applicator initiates a decontamination cycle when it receives an instruction from the system controller via the device driver subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises an event subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises a reporting subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises a configuration subsystem. In certain embodiments, the set of subsystems further comprises a software development kit. In certain embodiments, the sensor package comprises one or more control boards that are network connected to the sensor and network connected to a general purpose computer. In certain embodiments, the sensor is one or more selected from the group comprising an optical sensor, a voltatic sensor, a weight sensor, a moisture sensor, and a pressure sensor. In certain embodiments, the general purpose computer comprises a single computer control board.

[0009]

[0009] One aspect of the present application is a step of detecting the presence of microorganisms in a substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of the microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors present in the substantially enclosed space, a step of warning a system controller of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to the one or more sensors, a step of notifying an operator device of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is network-connected to the system controller, and a step of starting a decontamination process to remove the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the decontamination process is applied by one or more applicators network-connected to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators are present in the substantially enclosed space, which is a routine of setting instructions for causing the system described herein to perform, and further, after the step of instructing the start of the decontamination process by the event subsystem, the system controller starts the decontamination process by one or more applicators, and the event subsystem comprises a set of instructions for causing the one or more applicators to start the decontamination process after the one or more sensors detect the presence of a specific microorganism. A non-transitory and tangible computer-readable medium comprising a routine of setting instructions and instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space.

[0010]

[0010] In certain embodiments, the specific microorganism is a pathogen. In certain embodiments, the pathogen is a targeted bioterror agent. In certain embodiments, the targeted bioterror agent is selected from the group consisting of anthrax (Bacillus anthracis), plague (Yersinia pestis), and tularemia (Francisella tularensis). In certain embodiments, the operator device is wirelessly network-connected to the system controller.

[0011]

[0011] One aspect of the present application is a method for controlling the removal of contamination in a substantially enclosed space, comprising detecting the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of the microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors present in the substantially enclosed space; warning a system controller of the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to the one or more sensors; notifying an operator device of the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is network-connected to the system controller; starting a contamination removal process to remove the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the contamination removal process is applied by one or more applicators network-connected to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators are present in the substantially enclosed space; and further, after either (1) a step of instructing the start of the contamination removal process from an operation device, or (2) a step of instructing the start of the contamination removal process by an event subsystem, the system controller starts the contamination removal process by the one or more applicators, and the event subsystem is a non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium described herein.

[0012]

[0012] In certain embodiments, the artificial structure is an office building.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013]

Figure 1

[0013] A diagram showing the architecture of system components and their relationships.

Figure 2

[0014] A diagram showing the hierarchical architecture of the system.

Figure 3

[0015] A diagram showing exemplary embodiments of an end-user interface and an administrator interface.

Figure 4

[0016] This is a diagram showing a high-level computer system architecture.

Figure 5

[0017] This is a diagram showing an organizational block diagram of an application runtime.

Figure 6

[0018] This is a diagram showing the event state change design of a device driver subsystem.

Figure 7

[0019] This is a diagram showing a system flowchart. **[Modes for Carrying Out the Invention]**

[0014]

[0020] Here, the present disclosure will be described in detail and is done in relation to exemplary embodiments, but the present disclosure is not limited by the specific embodiments shown in the figures and the appended claims.

[0015]

[0021] The following detailed description is presented to enable those skilled in the art to make and use the present invention. For the purposes of the description, specific scientific names are set forth to provide a complete understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not required to practice the present invention. Specific aspects and exemplary embodiments of the present application are referred to in detail, and examples of the appended structures and figures are shown. The aspects of the present application are described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments including methods, materials, and examples, and such descriptions are non-limiting and the scope of the present application is intended to include all equivalents, alternatives, and modifications that are generally known or incorporated herein. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. Those skilled in the art will recognize many techniques and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein that can be used in the practice of the aspects and embodiments of the present application. The described aspects and embodiments of the present application are not limited to the described methods and materials.

[0016] Definitions

[0022] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0017]

[0023] As used herein, the term "decontaminating" or "decontamination" means to act to neutralize or remove pathogens from an area or article.

[0018]

[0024] As used herein, the terms "microorganism" or "pathogen" include, but are not limited to, bacteria, fungi, yeast, protozoa, viruses, or other microorganisms. The term "pathogen" also encompasses targeted biological warfare agents.

[0019]

[0025] As used herein, the term "bacteria" shall mean members of a large group of single-celled microorganisms that have cell walls but lack organelles and organized nuclei. Synonyms for bacteria may include the terms "microorganism", "microbe", "germ", "bacillus", and "prokaryote". Exemplary bacteria include, but are not limited to, Mycobacterium species including M. tuberculosis; Staphylococcus species including S. epidermidis, S. aureus, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus; Streptococcus species including pneumococcus, group A hemolytic streptococci, S. mutans, S. agalactiae, S. equi, S. canis, S. bovis, S. equinus, S. anginosus, S. sanguis, S. salivarius, S. mitis; other pathogenic streptococcal species including Enterococcus species such as E. faecalis and E. faecium; Pseudomonas species including P. aeruginosa, P. pseudomallei, and P. mallei; Salmonella species including S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis, S. bongori, and swine cholera bacteria; Shigella species including S. flexneri, S. sonnei, S. dysenteriae, and S. boydii; Brucella species including B. melitensis, B. suis, B. abortus, and Bordetella pertussis; Neisseria species including meningococcus and gonococcus; Escherichia coli including enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC); Vibrio cholerae, Helicobacter pylori, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Clostridium difficile, Cryptococcus neoformans, Moraxella species including M. catarrhalis; Campylobacter species including C. jejuni; Corynebacterium species including C. diphtheriae, C. ulcerans, C. pseudotuberculosis, Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, C. haemolyticum, C. equi; Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia asteroides, Bacteroides species, Actinomyces species, Treponema pallidum, Leptospira species, Klebsiella pneumoniae; Proteus species including Proteus vulgaris; Serratia species, Acinetobacter, Yersinia species including Pasteurella pestis and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis; Francisella tularensis, Enterobacter species, Bacteroides species, Legionella species, Borrelia burgdorferi, and the like.As used herein, the term "targeted biological agent" includes, but is not limited to, anthrax (Bacillus anthracis), plague (Yersinia pestis), and tularemia (Francisella tularensis).

[0020]

[0026] As used herein, the term "virus" can include, but is not limited to, influenza virus, herpes virus, poliovirus, norovirus, and retrovirus. Examples of viruses include, but are not limited to, human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), human T-cell lymphotropic viruses types I and II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II), hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), delta hepatitis virus (HDV), hepatitis E virus (HEV), hepatitis G virus (HGV), parvovirus B19 virus, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis G virus, hepatitis E virus, transfusion-transmitted virus (TTV), Epstein-Barr virus, human cytomegalovirus type 1 (HCMV-1), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7), human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), influenza A virus including subtypes H1N1 and H5N1, human metapneumovirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, hantavirus, and RNA viruses of the family Arenaviridae (e.g., Lassa fever virus (LFV)), family Pneumoviridae (e.g., human metapneumovirus), family Filoviridae (e.g., Ebola virus (EBOV), Marburg virus (MBGV) and Zika virus); family Bunyaviridae (e.g., Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and hantavirus); family Flaviviridae (West Nile virus (WNV), SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, dengue virus (DENV), yellow fever virus (YFV), GB virus C (GBV-C; previously known as hepatitis G virus (HGV)); family Rotaviridae (e.g., rotavirus), and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the subject is infected with HIV-1 or HIV-2. As used herein, the term "fungus" means any member of a group of eukaryotic organisms that produce saprophytic and parasitic spores and were previously classified as plants lacking chlorophyll, typically filamentous organisms, and includes molds, rusts, white molds, smuts, mushrooms, and yeasts.Exemplary fungi include, but are not limited to, Aspergillus species, dermatophytes, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Candida species including C. albicans and C. krusei; Malassezia furfur, Exophiala werneckii, Piedraia hortae, Trichosporon beigelii, Scytalidium boydii, Madurella grisea, Histoplasma capsulatum, Sporothrix schenckii, Histoplasma capsulatum, tinea versicolor, tinea pedis, onychomycosis, tinea cruris, tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea faciei; Trichophyton species including T. rubrum, T. interdigitale, T. tonsurans, T. violaceum, T. yaoundei, T. schoenleinii, T. mentagrophytes, T. soudanense, T. equinum, T. erinacei, and T. verrucosum; Mycoplasma genitalium; Microsporum species including M. audouinii, M. ferrugineum, M. canis, M. nanum, M. distortum, M. gypseum, M. fulvum, and the like.

[0021]

[0027] As used herein, the term "protozoa" refers to any member of a diverse group of eukaryotes that are primarily unicellular, either existing alone or aggregated into colonies, are usually non-photosynthetic, and are often further classified into phyla according to their motility and means of locomotion, such as pseudopods, flagella, or cilia. Exemplary protozoa include, but are not limited to, malaria parasite species such as Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium quartan; Leishmania species including L. major, Leishmania tropica, L. donovani, L. infantum, L. chagasi, L. mexicana, L. panamensis, L. braziliensis, and L. guyanensis; Cryptosporidium, Isospora belli, Toxoplasma gondii, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Cyclospora species.

[0022]

[0028] As used herein, the term "article" means any solid article or object that may be susceptible to contamination by a pathogen. As used herein, the term "substantially enclosed space" means a substantially enclosed room, tent, building, or any artificial structure that may be susceptible to contamination by a pathogen. The term "substantially enclosed space" is not limited to artificial structures, even though the embodiments shown herein may preferably be directed to decontaminating artificial structures (e.g., a depression or natural tunnel may also be a substantially enclosed space).

[0023]

[0029] As used herein, the term "sensor" can refer to any type of sensor suitable for detecting contamination on a device, surface, or within a substantially enclosed space. Examples of sensors include, but are not limited to, optical sensors, voltatic sensors, weight sensors, moisture sensors, pressure sensors, or any type of biosensor.

[0024]

[0030] As used herein, "enclosed space" refers to any chamber, container, or space that can be decontaminated by the disclosed system. Examples of enclosed spaces include, but are not limited to, any chamber routinely used to operate a highly controlled research project / space, a sanitation chamber (such as a genoprobe cabinet), a biosafety cabinet, a glove box, a research hood, and a clinical space.

[0025]

[0031] As used herein, "computer" may be either a general-purpose computer or a dedicated device constructed to perform one or more specific purposes alone.

[0026]

[0032] As used herein, "applicator" may be any form of device that can execute a decontamination process. In certain embodiments, the applicator applies the decontamination process by spraying a mist into a substantially enclosed space.

[0027]

[0033] One aspect of the present application is a multi-component system for pollution removal, comprising one or more sensors, one or more applicators, and a system controller. When one or more sensors detect the presence of microorganisms, the system controller instructs one or more applicators to initiate a pollution removal process. The present application relates to a multi-component system.

[0028]

[0034] One aspect of the present application is a multi-component system for pollution removal, comprising a general-purpose computer, a sensor package, one or more control boards, one or more applicators, and an operator device. The general-purpose computer is network-connected to the sensor package by one or more control boards. The sensor package can detect the presence of microorganisms. The sensor package is network-connected to one or more applicators. The applicator can apply a pollution removal process to remove microorganisms. The operator device is network-connected to the general-purpose computer via an application programming interface (API) gateway. The operator device displays a network interface to the operator. The API gateway provides access to the system controller. The present application relates to a multi-component system for pollution removal. In a particular embodiment, the system controller is a set of subsystems. The set of subsystems is linked to the system controller by a bidirectional interface. The set of subsystems includes a warning subsystem. When the sensor package detects the presence of microorganisms, the warning subsystem then warns the operator by a display on the network interface. The set of subsystems also includes a device driver subsystem. The device driver subsystem network-connects the sensor package and the applicator by a unidirectional interface.

[0029]

[0035] In certain embodiments, the system is manually controlled by one or more individuals via an operator device. In other embodiments, the system is event-driven controlled by a system controller that receives warnings regarding the presence of pathogens in the environment. In specific embodiments, the system is under remote control by one or more individuals via an operator device. In further embodiments, the applicator initiates a decontamination cycle when it receives instructions from the system controller via a device driver subsystem. In certain embodiments, a set of subsystems further comprises an event subsystem. In certain embodiments, a set of subsystems further comprises a reporting subsystem. In certain embodiments, a set of subsystems further comprises a configuration subsystem. In certain embodiments, a set of subsystems further comprises a software development kit. In certain embodiments, a sensor package comprises one or more control boards linked to sensors and linked to a general-purpose computer. In certain embodiments, the sensor is one or more selected from the group consisting of an optical sensor, a voltatic sensor, a weight sensor, a moisture sensor, and a pressure sensor. In certain embodiments, the general-purpose computer comprises a single computer control board.

[0030]

[0036] Another aspect of the present application is a step of detecting the presence of microorganisms in a substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of the microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors present in the substantially enclosed space; a step of warning a system controller of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to the one or more sensors; a step of notifying an operator device of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is network-connected to the system controller; a step of initiating a decontamination process to remove the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the decontamination process is applied by one or more applicators network-connected to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators are present in the substantially enclosed space; a routine of setting instructions for causing a multi-configuration system for decontamination to perform, further, after the step of instructing the start of the decontamination process by an event subsystem, the system controller starts the decontamination process by one or more applicators, and the event subsystem comprises a set of instructions for causing the one or more applicators to start the decontamination process after one or more sensors detect the presence of a particular microorganism; a non-transitory and tangible computer-readable medium including the routine of setting instructions and including instructions for decontaminating a substantially enclosed space.

[0031]

[0037] A further aspect of the present application is a method for controlling the removal of contamination in a substantially enclosed space, comprising detecting the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of the microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors present in the substantially enclosed space; warning a system controller of the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to the one or more sensors; notifying an operator device of the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is network-connected to the system controller; starting a contamination removal process to remove the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the contamination removal process is applied by one or more applicators network-connected to the system controller, and further wherein the one or more applicators are present in the substantially enclosed space; and further comprising starting the contamination removal process either (1) upon instruction from an operator device or (2) upon instruction from an event subsystem, after which the system controller starts the contamination removal process by the one or more applicators, and the event subsystem is a non-transitory and tangible computer-readable medium containing instructions for contaminating the substantially enclosed space. The present application relates to a method.

[0032] System Architecture

[0038] One aspect of the present application is a multi-configuration spray misting contamination removal control system. The control system is a multi-component application that controls hardware. The control system utilizes a plurality of application subsystems to perform its functions. The control system is designed for local and remote operation and uses a small application runtime that is controlled by a front-end web experience.

[0033]

[0039] The control system is designed to run independently or be connected to a network. An IP connection via wireless (WiFi / Bluetooth) or wired connection is used to facilitate the connection of the control system. IP address assignment can be configured at the operating system level via a browser interface. The control system operation is managed by an application runtime, a system controller, and a web service layer. The components of the system may include a mobile and web application framework, an Internet of Things (IoT) board for input / output (I / O) devices, user authentication and identity management, a high-speed web server, a high-speed Java script web runtime, a node package manager, and a general-purpose operating system (e.g., Linux, etc.).

[0034]

[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer system includes a memory, a processor, and optionally, a secondary storage device. In some embodiments, the computer system includes multiple processors and is configured as multiple, for example, blade servers or other known server configurations. In certain embodiments, the computer system also includes an input device, a display device, and an output device. In some embodiments, the memory includes RAM or a similar type of memory. In certain embodiments, the memory stores one or more applications for execution by the processor. In some embodiments, the secondary storage device includes a hard disk drive, a floppy disk drive, a CD-ROM or DVD drive, or other type of non-volatile data storage device. In certain embodiments, the processor executes an application stored in the memory or secondary storage device or received from the Internet or other network. In some embodiments, the processing by the processor may be implemented in software, such as a software module, for execution by a computer or other machine. These applications preferably include executable instructions for implementing the functions and methods described herein. The application preferably provides a GUI through which a user can view and interact with the application. In other embodiments, the system provides remote access for controlling and / or viewing the system.

[0035]

[0041] The control system is a computer-implemented control system that can send a contamination removal process to rooms and other areas using various applicators. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the architecture of the system components and their relationships. In this embodiment, the control system utilizes a general-purpose computer. The control system is operated by a general-purpose computer. A general-purpose computer does not require dedicated hardware and provides the greatest flexibility in programming languages, development environments, and software and accessory support. Further, a general-purpose computer provides reliable I / O, an easily installable operating environment, and the lowest cost.

[0036]

[0042] The general-purpose computer interfaces with sensors, event signals, and contamination removal solution applicators via a plurality of control boards. Those skilled in the art will understand that the number of applicators does not limit the system. In one embodiment, the system uses up to 20 applicators. However, other embodiments may use up to 5 applicators, up to 10 applicators, up to 15 applicators, up to 30 applicators, up to 40 applicators, up to 50 applicators, up to 100 applicators, etc. The number of applicators used is ultimately determined by the scale of the contamination removal project required. For example, a contamination removal system suitable for a large multi-story office building may have multiple applicators on all floors. The control system described herein supports all configurations and supports individual manual operations, event-driven control, and remote control operations. In a preferred embodiment, the applicator uses a binary ionization technique for contamination removal that ionizes hydrogen peroxide using high voltage current to remove contamination from the area. The applicator is available as a portable unit for removing contamination from surfaces using a handheld applicator, an environmental unit that is a transportable device in a case, and a fixed unit that is centrally installed and controlled in a substantially enclosed space (e.g., within an office building or a research facility).

[0037]

[0043] The general-purpose computer is network-connected to the operator device and the local administrator workstation. The operation of the control system can be controlled using any operator device equipped with an appropriate web browser. In certain embodiments, the operator device may be physically integrated with the general-purpose computer (2). In other embodiments, the operator device may be remotely linked to the general-purpose computer via a wireless network connection. In certain embodiments, the control system is designed to be remotely operated via its web application. The application software is designed to be extensible by exposing a software development kit (SDK) that can be used to build extended applications without the need for software redeployment. The SDK provides the ability to access the control system using Representational State Transfer (RESTful) web services to support remote and custom applications.

[0038]

[0044] In some embodiments, the local administrator workstation is network-connected directly to the general-purpose computer via an appropriate cable. In other embodiments, the local administrator workstation may be remotely linked to the general-purpose computer. In certain embodiments, the local administrator workstation may not be included, or in alternative embodiments, the operator device may be used as the local administrator workstation. The general-purpose computer is also connected to a third-party administrator workstation via an Internet connection, which may be used by a third party responsible for the maintenance of the control system and the supervision of decontamination operations. In certain embodiments, the third-party administrator workstation is not included, or in alternative embodiments, the third-party administrator workstation is the operator device. The general-purpose computer is also connected to an inventory server, an analysis server, and an application server via an Internet connection.

[0039]

[0045] In one embodiment, the control system runs on a general-purpose computer on a single board (substrate) in which RAM, I / O, and a chipset are embedded. In certain embodiments, the general-purpose computer consists of a single substrate that can be easily attached to a container.

[0040]

[0046] The control system interfaces with several sensors, switches, and event-driven mechanisms. In one embodiment, the computer hardware design incorporates a control board for the sensor package. The applicator is connected to a general-purpose computer by the sensor package. The sensor package is controlled using an off-the-shelf control board having multiple general-purpose I / O ports (GPIO) that can be used to interface with multiple devices. The board is designed to support the Internet of Things (IoT) and can be easily flashed with custom software or controlled externally. The control board interfaces with the control system via USB and is controlled using a dedicated serial driver loaded by the operating system. The control board is programmable so that it can be easily configured to support data from most conceivable sensors that provide flow meters, temperature, humidity, light level, and voltage, pulse, frequency, digital, or current outputs. It can also provide digital and analog outputs, as well as PWM (pulse width modulation) outputs for controlling many types of actuators (e.g., a contamination removal device that applies a spray mist to a space or article for contamination removal) and devices. To support the connection to the general-purpose computer, a small application is executed on the control board to manage the low-level interface and any necessary data normalization. The application makes available a series of commands executed from the main system controller via the USB connection. These commands provide maintenance testing of sensors and actuators, reading of sensor data, and control of output actuators. Optionally, an interface printed circuit board (PCB) is added to simplify the connection between the control board, the control system flow meter, the applicator hardware, and any additional temperature or humidity sensors.

[0041]

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, the control system is executed on an Ubuntu Linux operating system (e.g., open source software). Ubuntu is used on desktops, server hardware, and embedded systems. Although Ubuntu is not a real-time operating system, it can measure short time slices and is highly responsive. Ubuntu is hardened by enabling the installed firewall, ufw, and closing all unnecessary ports.

[0042]

[0048] In certain embodiments, Secure Shell (SSH) access is the primary means of direct access to the computer and is mainly used for installation and deployment, as well as upgrading various software components such as the operating system. Certain configuration settings may be set at the operating system level. These settings typically include date and time and management authentication (LDAP). In certain embodiments, automatic time synchronization and sendmail configuration are the only two settings that are recommended to be set at the operating system level.

[0043]

[0049] Normalization and filtering of data are also performed in this module, providing clean sensor data to the main controller of the system. The platform can interface with a computer system or a circuit board via a standard USB interface. This interface appears as a virtual serial port (COM port) to the main controller. The virtual serial port simplifies issuing commands between the computer and the underlying hardware at the software level. Commands and responses are transmitted between the computer driver and the hardware as ASCII text. Almost all modem languages and runtimes support the transmission of ASCII text via the COM port.

[0044] End-user implementation process

[0050] The control system software follows a layered architecture approach. Applications, interfaces, and their services are built on top of support components and frameworks that provide abstractions from lower-level functionality. This approach provides maximum flexibility for deploying updated software and installing new components. This is possible because the layers of abstraction allow changes to the implementation of support services and subsystems without requiring updates between layers, unless absolutely necessary.

[0045]

[0051] Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a layered architecture. The architecture consists of six layers. The first layer that the user interfaces with includes six subsystems including warnings, configuration, devices, events, reports, and a software developer kit. The second layer is a system controller that is a general-purpose computer. The third layer is an application programming interface (API) gateway that network connects the general-purpose computer to other components of the system. The fourth layer is a web application where network communication within the system occurs. The fifth layer is an application runtime that executes instructions communicated within the system. The sixth layer is a programming language.

[0046]

[0052] The system controller provides an abstraction layer between the characteristics and functions of the control system and the application. The system controller controls the system. Designed as an intermediate-level component that is memory-loaded and accepts commands from internal and external systems, the system controller maintains state and manages the system configuration. It operates in its own process space and runs as a fault-tolerant self-service. It is configured to be automatically enabled and starts automatically when the computer boots. The system controller manages the start-up and stop operations of the control system. The system controller interfaces with multiple subsystems to manage control system operations. The interface with the subsystems is restricted in that the system controller does not directly access the underlying low-level hardware, reporting, configuration, or other subsystem implementations. These abstraction layers provide a flexible architecture that gives the user the ability to switch hardware or change the implementation of any subsystem without requiring major (or any) changes to the operation of the system controller or the control system. As described above, the system controller itself abstracts the API gateway and web server components, allowing them to be upgraded or changed without requiring significant rework or changes to other components.

[0047]

[0053] The web server component supplies commands for the control system and the web application used as the control system. The operator provides a username and password, logs in to the control system to make configuration settings, starts the execution of the application, and downloads reports and logs.

[0048]

[0054] In general, all application-specific configuration parameters and access to functions are made available via a web application. This includes event dispatching, time and timer-based operations, report generation configuration, as well as the ability to specify room / application profiles and user access. Configuration parameters and layouts are determined in the web application user interface design and style guide documentation.

[0049]

[0055] Figure 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of an end-user interface and an administrator interface. The interface supports both polling and interrupt or exception-based reporting to the main system controller. The login screen is first presented to request the user's authentication information to reach the system's home page. Options are provided to start a decontamination cycle. Control and setting options enable recipe configuration, calibration, priming, control, and setting parameters to be adjusted. Recipe configuration enables recipe selection, room dimension adjustment, spray cycle setting, RABS and LAF setting, time countdown, and H2O2 sensor reading set points. Room descriptions enable manual descriptions of each room to be decontaminated. Calibration enables dose verification and fluid velocity calibration for each applicator. Applicator priming enables the selection of applicators to be primed at high or normal speeds. Safety questions can be enabled or disabled and text can be modified. Manual control of pumps and valves is performed for each applicator. Control of the flow meter enables the selection of a gear pump or flow meter for each applicator. System settings enable functions to be enabled or disabled and date and time adjustment. Parameters for aborting set points may be set to achieve tolerance for abnormal occurrences. User management enables new users, user level setting, and passwords.

[0050]

[0056] When the cycle start button is pressed, a recipe must be selected for execution. Explanation and allowable questions require selection if the function is enabled in the settings. When all permissions are satisfied, the "Cycle Start" button is displayed. The execution screen displays all cycle information when started. The report screen shows report information regarding the progress of each cycle after the cycle has ended (regardless of whether it was successful or not).

[0051]

[0057] The system monitors the supply of the contamination removal solution via a contamination removal solution indicator. When the contamination removal solution storage tank requires a large amount of fluid, a "Low Tank Level" message is displayed in yellow on the login and home screens. If the shortage of the contamination removal solution is not addressed, a message of "Reservoir Tank is not filled" is displayed in red. To clear the message, the user must select "Pump Control" in the control and settings menu and activate the fluid pump until the "High Level Status" indicator turns green. (To prevent recurrence, it is necessary to address the shortage of the contamination removal solution amount).

[0052]

[0058] In certain embodiments, the hardware interface commands may include instructing self-tests of all connected sensors with pass or fail responses, calibration processes for all sensors, reading and displaying current sensor values for each sensor, setting sampling rates for each sensor, setting scaling parameters for each sensor, self-tests of all connected actuators, controlling calibration processes of actuators, setting output change rates of actuators, energizing actuators, de-engaging actuators, setting all parameters for suggested defaults, and clearing all settings.

[0053] Computer-implemented process

[0059] One aspect of the application is a control system that is a software application for controlling hardware. Thus, the software needs to be fast, responsive, and react to external signals and events. The control system software is constructed to occupy a very small footprint and uses a simplified design consisting of an application runtime and multiple systems that support control system functions.

[0054]

[0060] Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a high-level computer system architecture. The application runtime consists of three primary services: an API gateway used for standardized access to the control and configuration of the control system, a low-level system controller, and a web server that provides user remote access. Both the API gateway service and the web server service utilize the system controller to make configuration changes, calibrate sensors, and control the system. The application runtime uses many services to carry out its work. Each service is designed to be fault-tolerant in that it automatically restarts after a failure and is configured to start automatically at boot time.

[0055]

[0061] The API gateway constitutes and controls a pollution removal control system and functions as an application endpoint for all internal and external systems. The API gateway is an executable service installed on a computer and accessible via an IP address and port number. Internal applications and systems refer to the API gateway in the same way as external services, except that all internal communications are connected via the local host. The API gateway can be started and stopped independently and provides the ability to update its software. The API gateway is stateless, which means that it accepts incoming requests and processes them without saving local data. It exposes several RESTful services that are mapped to configuration and control functions, as outlined by the feature set. The API gateway provides a cost-effective platform that enables the system to be extended without significant re-engineering. The main means of communicating with a general-purpose computer is via its API gateway. The API gateway exposes many endpoints used in configuration, as well as in monitoring and data capture. Two-way communication is facilitated via webhooks for any application that requires asynchronous delivery of data from the control system.

[0056]

[0062] Figure 5 shows an embodiment of an application runtime organizational block diagram. A user is linked to a system controller and subsystems via an API gateway by a web server. The API gateway also provides network links to web applications and other servers, etc.

[0057]

[0063] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, there are also subsystems, which are warnings, configurations, devices, events, reports, and the software developer kit is also part of an application database on a general-purpose computer. Furthermore, the subsystems are connected to a sensor pipeline linked to an applicator and a set of sensors via a driver interface.

[0058]

[0064] The subsystems of this specification are a set of lowest-level execution components that directly access the features and functions of the hardware. Each subsystem is designed for a major grouping of features within the environment.

[0059]

[0065] In one embodiment, the general subsystem design comprises each subsystem having two interfaces. One interface provides a high-level abstraction optimized for applications and higher-order programs, and this interface links the system controller to the subsystem. This interface is essentially bidirectional, meaning that the subsystem accepts and executes functions. The second interface is a low-level unidirectional interface that communicates with the underlying hardware or is specifically used to deliver low-level functions.

[0060]

[0066] The subsystems are intentionally designed to be autonomous components. This provides the ability to make software changes to a particular subsystem and apply patches to the solution for a single subsystem without having to make monolithic changes to the solution.

[0061] Warning subsystem

[0067] The warning subsystem is used to process all outgoing messages from the control system.

[0062]

[0068] Warnings are implemented as messages having a body consisting of a recipient address, a sender address, and UTF-8 text. Warnings may include simple text, an email message to a designated recipient or list, and notifications within application services and other subsystems.

[0063]

[0069] Email notifications require a specified mailbox and SMTP configuration. The operator uses a configuration application accessible by a web browser to set the SMTP parameters including mailbox, username, and password credentials. Emails can be delivered programmatically using the built-in send email application or using Javax or NodeJS libraries.

[0064]

[0070] The subsystem and internal services utilize the warning subsystem by registering themselves as publishers and stating the type of message and delivery mechanism. The internal services can register warnings by registering themselves as observers for specific messages of the subsystem. A common producer / consumer design pattern is used to automatically dispatch messages to interested parties.

[0065]

[0071] External systems that require warnings also utilize the warning subsystem. The same mechanism is used to register themselves as message recipients, except that external services use the RESTful service interface of the API gateway. The external service must supply a webhook that can be called by the warning subsystem. This means that the external service is technically a consumer and a producer.

[0066]

[0072] In certain embodiments, external warning systems including SMS are not supported but can be implemented using RESTful web services or other means.

[0067]

[0073] The producer / consumer model used in the warning subsystem is designed in a general way so that it can be reused in other control system components that require a registration and publishing framework.

[0068] Configuration Subsystem

[0074] The configuration subsystem is a command processor for storing and changing configuration values within the system.

[0069]

[0075] The configuration subsystem stores its values using an embedded database. A runtime database that runs in its own thread and process space is avoided. A separate runtime database increases the complexity of installation and deployment. Most file-based embedded databases can handle gigabytes of data and millions of records, which is more than sufficient for a control system. Additionally, the embedded database provides simple backup and restore methods.

[0070]

[0076] In most cases, configuration parameters are stored as key-value pairings. In certain cases, configuration parameters may be stored as objects. In some cases, the configuration is stored as JSON or XML, and these values are stored as BLOB and TEXT values in the same database.

[0071]

[0077] The configuration database maintains application and schema version strings to verify that the application version of the control system matches the database version. At the start of the application, the version strings are checked and equality is compared. Version mismatches can lead to unpredictable behavior and software crashes due to components attempting to read data values of unrecognized types and formats.

[0072]

[0078] The configuration subsystem is functionally designed. Each system component, service, and subsystem knows its configuration. The configuration subsystem provides a set of simple methods with some overrides that accept a configuration parameter name and its value. Method overrides accept additional parameters that may include type information and other metadata parameters necessary to store the parameter appropriately.

[0073]

[0079] Configuration changes made in the system are written to the audit log using the reporting subsystem. The audit log must include the configuration settings, the operator who made the configuration change, and the date / time stamp when the configuration setting was changed.

[0074]

[0080] The control system has the ability to save configuration profiles. The configuration profile represents a group of configuration settings including the placement of the applicators, the volume of ionized hydrogen peroxide (iHP) to disperse, the number of applicators to activate, and the name of the location where the applicators are to be executed.

[0075]

[0081] The configuration profile is stored using the browser interface, can be saved and loaded on demand by the system operator. The configuration subsystem provides remote configuration and calibration access via browser access by exposing functions via the API gateway when the unit is connected to the Internet (6).

[0076] Device Driver Subsystem

[0082] The device subsystem manages a plurality of devices and sensors used by the control system. The device driver subsystem provides operation control and access to the set of sensors of the control system and the connected applicators.

[0077]

[0083] The application services and subsystems cannot directly access the hardware underlying the control system. The device driver subsystem is designed for single-threaded access and uses a functional command operation mode. The device driver subsystem abstracts the object representing the hardware device and the driver necessary to control the device.

[0078]

[0084] Similar to other subsystems, the driver interface exposes function calls to higher-level software components. These functions are named for the operations to be performed on the lower-level hardware. This abstraction is implemented using a low-level command set that sends serial commands to the control board hardware via the USB interface. The command set is the actual driver used to control the operation of the applicator, make measurements, monitor sensors, and call read values on the RFID reader.

[0079]

[0085] The command set provides pin / in-out operations that can read the voltage value on a specific PIN on the control board and return it to the higher-level call function. The control system is connected to multiple control boards that provide general-purpose VOs. The control board provides the ability to read input voltages from multiple pins. The device subsystem provides the ability to assign one or more I / O pins for specific transmission directions and application requirements. For example, PinO can be used for the control and measurement of a flow meter, where Pin16 is used to receive input signals from a SCADA device. The device subsystem exposes multiple functions that assign VO operations to specific pin numbers on the control board. This provides a high-level application abstraction with the ability to perform device-specific operations without the need to know how to communicate with the underlying hardware. The input read voltage is used to determine the volume of the flow meter. In one embodiment, the input voltage is read between 0 and 5 volts. The input read voltage is used to read events from proximity sensors. These values are determined when a proximity sensor is selected in a set of sensors.

[0080]

[0086] The device subsystem manages the communication between the control system software and its underlying hardware resources (applicator, driver, sensors, etc.). This constitutes a device data pipeline since the device subsystem processes the instruction sets of multiple discrete sensor devices.

[0081]

[0087] Figure 6 shows the event state change design of the device driver subsystem. The subsystem management component (device manager) provides means to add, enable, disable, and remove devices. A device may include any communicable hardware including an applicator. The device manager supports monitoring of multiple devices in the pipeline through exposed functions.

[0082]

[0088] The subsystem provides the ability for high-level components and services to be notified when a sensor or other hardware device (e.g., an applicator) encounters a state change, using the capabilities provided by the warning and event subsystem. The observer pattern implementation of the warning and event subsystem provides this notification ability.

[0083] Event Subsystem

[0089] The event subsystem supports the reception of software and hardware events from multiple sources.

[0084]

[0090] In certain embodiments, the event subsystem reuses the registration and issuance design of the warning subsystem and adapts the object model and execution components to the event subsystem. The internal components and external software interfaces reuse mechanisms similar to those designed by the warning subsystem. The event subsystem processes events that may arise from hardware and software and dispatches the events to interested subsystems and components to take countermeasures.

[0085]

[0091] Most hardware events are sourced from the control board hardware originating from the application code or from one or more sensors attached to the control board hardware. Additionally, Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems and other external devices may be connected to the control system using one of the available digital or analog pins available on the control board hardware. The system configuration provides the ability to identify which PIN the hardware device is connected to and the voltage requirements that need to be read from the PIN.

[0086]

[0092] Hardware event detection is performed using a configurable polling method that checks the values of multiple VO pins. When a state change occurs, the producer / consumer mechanism is used to notify any services or components registered for a particular hardware event change. External services and applications must register a RESTful webhook that the control system can call to receive hardware event notifications.

[0087]

[0093] The event subsystem also plays a role in responding to any shutdown events. Shutdown events can occur internally due to an irrecoverable anomaly or error, the operator initiating a shutdown via a browser or API, or a hardware event such as pressing an emergency button or relay cutoff. Like all other events, the event subsystem processes the shutdown event. After the event is processed, the event subsystem dispatches the event to the system controller, which is used to gracefully or forcefully terminate the control system.

[0088]

[0094] The event subsystem provides the ability to optionally send warnings for specific events. In some use cases, it may be necessary to send warnings when the application starts and ends. When an event is triggered via a browser-based configuration panel, the operator can configure the control system to send the warning to specific recipients via email.

[0089] Reporting subsystem

[0095] The reporting subsystem is the primary controller for serializing the data generated by the control system. Further, the reporting subsystem is used to generate multiple logs including system and audit logs.

[0090]

[0096] The reporting subsystem uses an embedded database to store analysis and execution data. The database used to store the analysis may be the same database used to store the configuration parameters. As a change to the system requirements, additional analysis items may be added. All analysis values are stored using appropriate key-value pairs and use object storage as needed. After the application execution is completed, the analysis data is not changed and is marked as read-only.

[0091]

[0097] The application execution analysis is available at any time and can be used to generate reports. The reporting subsystem provides the ability to export the application execution analysis in PDF. The PDF report is rendered to be tamper-resistant to meet pharmaceutical guidelines. The reporting subsystem exposes access to the analysis data via an API gateway. This provides the system with the ability to distribute analysis information via the cloud by retrieving data from a control system unit connected to the Internet.

[0092]

[0098] The reporting subsystem exposes functions for generating multiple logs via a logger. Standardized logging packages are used to generate logs throughout the system (such as log4j, Winstone, etc.). In certain embodiments, the control system writes three types of logs: a system log that tracks system events and notifications throughout the system, an audit log used to track user-driven events and configuration changes, and an execution log that tracks the execution and execution analysis of the applicator. The logs can be retrieved via a browser interface and downloaded as text files for later inspection.

[0093]

[0099] The logger must write the following items to the configured logs. · Date / time of the log message · Log text · Subsystem · Log level (debug, error, info, warning) Software Development Kit (SDK)

[0094]

[0100] The SDK (Software Development Kit) provides the ability for technically advanced users to build applications on the control system. The SDK is designed to build applications on publicly available services exposed by the control system. The user determines which services are publicly available and which other services are reserved. Reserved application services are important for the reliable operation of the control system and may cause unpredictable behavior if changed by the end user. Possible reserved services may be calibration functions for specific hardware. The user may decide that the end user should not have the ability to calibrate the hardware and that the function should be reserved for the user technician. Reusing the API gateway platform facilitates access to the SDK.

[0095] Security

[0101] Operator security is managed by access to the browser application with a username and password. The web application uses role-based access control (RBAC) to restrict access to protected configuration settings and control specific behaviors within the system. The roles and configuration settings and behaviors are determined by the user.

[0096]

[0102] Connection security is possible by using an SSL certificate that encrypts the communication between the web server and the browser. NGINX facilitates the installation of an SSL certificate that provides the ability to secure browser communication. The SSL certificate must be installed on the computer by SSH processing and securely copied to the certificate store of NGINX.

[0097]

[0103] API keys manage external access to the API gateway. An API key is a unique value generated for a software program to communicate with web resources. Secure access to the control system is implemented using an API key, and a new API key must be generated for each application that requires programmatic access to the control system.

[0098]

[0104] The control system web application utilizes the same API gateway interface for communication and control. Since the web application server is a special application with access permitted, local security is performed by API key and local IP address binding. The SSL certificate may also be used to secure the communication channel between the web browser and the external application. SSL security is implemented by using the native capabilities provided by the web server installed on the control system.

[0099] Usage

[0105] One aspect of the present application is a method for controlling the removal of contamination in a substantially enclosed space, the method comprising: detecting the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, the presence of the microorganisms being sensed by one or more sensors present in the substantially enclosed space; warning a system controller of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, the system controller being network-connected to the one or more sensors; notifying an operator device of the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, the operator device being network-connected to the system controller; starting a decontamination process to remove the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, the decontamination process being applied by one or more applicators network-connected to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators being present in the substantially enclosed space; and further, after either (1) a step of instructing the start of the decontamination process from an operating device, or (2) a step of instructing the start of the decontamination process by an event subsystem, the system controller starts the decontamination process by one or more applicators, and the event subsystem is a non-transitory and tangible computer-readable medium containing instructions for decontaminating the substantially enclosed space.

[0100]

[0106] In certain embodiments, the control system uses a general-purpose computer to execute instructions for repeating the decontamination cycle of the decontamination device, the instructions comprising: sensing the presence of pathogens in the substantially enclosed space; communicating the presence of the pathogens to a computer database; using the computer database to identify the pathogens sensed in the substantially enclosed space; selecting a program for the decontamination cycle from the computer database based on the identification information of the pathogens; communicating the selected program to the decontamination device, the decontamination device being network-connected to automatically follow the program; and performing the decontamination cycle according to the program.

[0101]

[0107] Some examples of embodiments using the contamination removal device, system or method of the present disclosure include shipping containers. For example, a shipping container may be equipped with a contamination removal system capable of sensing pathogen attachment within or on the surface of the container. Exemplary systems can provide information regarding pathogen attachment to parties equipped to receive the data. In some embodiments, the system can print or record the data.

[0102]

[0108] Other examples of embodiments using the contamination removal device, system or method of the present disclosure include import, export, mobile quarantine areas or checkpoints. In some embodiments, the system includes a walk-through space or tunnel, a conveyor system, a moving walkway, or any other suitable means for moving people or objects through a mist generated by the contamination removal system.

[0103]

[0109] Still other examples of embodiments using the contamination removal device, system or method of the present disclosure include vehicles. In some embodiments, the vehicle is an automobile, truck, bus, train, airplane, or any other form of moving body intended for the movement of goods or passengers. In further embodiments, the vehicle is an autonomous vehicle.

[0104]

[0110] Still other examples of embodiments using the contamination removal device, system or method of the present disclosure include space travel, space isolation, or structures that do not exist on Earth.

[0105]

[0111] Some examples of embodiments using the contamination removal device, system or method of the present disclosure include food processing / preparation systems. In some embodiments, the system includes sensors such as photodetectors for activating the device. In some embodiments, the system includes sensors for detecting pathogen attachment.

[0106]

[0112] Still other examples of embodiments using the contamination removal device, system or method of the present disclosure include a self-guided robot wirelessly networked with a customized engineering system. For example, a self-guided robot equipped with a contamination removal system can move around a space or facility and detect contamination via one or more sensors of the same or different types in response to instructions received from a customized engineering system. A self-guided robot equipped with a contamination removal system and networked with a customized engineering system can process a contaminated surface or space until the number of contaminating microorganisms in the target area decreases.

[0107]

[0113] Still other examples of embodiments using the contamination removal device, system or method of the present disclosure include a rapid deployment chamber for biological contamination in an emergency.

[0108]

[0114] Other examples of embodiments using the contamination removal device, system or method of the present disclosure include farms, ranches, livestock facilities, or meat processing plants. As non-limiting examples, the contamination removal device or system can be installed in a poultry facility such as a chicken coop or a dairy collection facility.

[0109]

[0115] Still other examples of embodiments using the contamination removal device, system or method of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, gyms, studios, training facilities, or toilets.

[0110]

[0116] Other examples of embodiments using the contamination removal device, system or method of the present disclosure include buildings in which the contamination removal system is incorporated into the building system to remove contamination from the entire building or a specific area of the building. In some embodiments, the system is integrated into a new structure. In other embodiments, the system is integrated into the automation or ventilation system of an existing building. In some embodiments, the contamination removal system or device of the present disclosure is programmable or automated.

[0111]

[0117] The present application is further illustrated by the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting. All references, patents, and published patent applications cited throughout this application, as well as the content of the figures and tables, are hereby incorporated by reference into this specification.

Example

[0112] Example 1 Computer Hardware

[0118] The following are exemplary embodiments of computer specifications.

Table 1

[0113] Sensor Interface

[0119] In an exemplary embodiment, the Arduino MEGA 2560 microcontroller platform is used to interface the control system (1) applicator (3) hardware with a computer having the following specifications.

Table 2

[0114]

[0120] SteraMist CES is a fully automated decontamination system that utilizes the existing HVAC system of a facility. This includes installing remote SteraMist BIT applicators within the designated space to achieve maximum results. To do this, cables are installed throughout to supply air, solution, and power to each SteraMist BIT applicator. The SteraMist BIT generator and programmable logic control (PLC) are housed in a central NEMA enclosure.

[0115]

[0121] This customized designed system is built for ease of use. Once installed, the service technician determines the ideal specifications to achieve maximum effectiveness. This is programmed into the PLC and interfaces with the building's HVAC system for room isolation and aeration. The programming allows for the holding of multiple cycles. The programming also allows for the continuation of the cycle when multiple pods fail, redirecting to the remaining applicators instead of stopping the remaining dosage. The entire system is developed for multiple rooms and various specifications and can be remotely controlled via the HMI interface.

[0116]

[0122] When the area reaches its designated criteria for disinfection / decontamination removal, the integrated Drager monitoring system tests the air at required intervals until the H2O2 concentration is less than 1 ppm. The status of the cycle is monitored by a remote indicator and can be integrated into the SCADA monitoring system.

[0117]

[0123] General Specifications:

[0124] Ceiling-mounted Applicator:

[0125] Mounting box and cover plate made of 14-gauge stainless steel.

[0126] The mounting box has pre-cut partition mounts and grounds installed.

[0127] Applicator cover plate with an alarm buzzer.

[0118]

[0128] The Clean Dry Air (CDA) for the applicator is 2 SCFM per applicator at 90 - 100 psi and is implemented by the customer.

[0119]

[0129] Three different color warning status lights (red / alarm, yellow / injection, dwell, aeration, and green / all clear to enter the space, flashing red / anomaly warning) can be included in each applicator box.

[0120]

[0130] A standardized SS mounting box for use in either a fixed or vibrating configuration. The dimensions of the back box are 11 inches wide x 9 inches wide x 6 inches deep, with a lip width of 1.5 inches around the entire perimeter of the back box opening.

[0121]

[0131] The ceiling-mounted back box has pre-cut partition mounts and grounds for easy installation.

[0122]

[0132] The ceiling-mounted back box can be installed at a distance of up to 100 feet (30m) from the control cabinet and has a total height change of 12 - 15 feet.

[0123]

[0133] The applicator cover plate has dimensions of 14.5 inches long x 12.5 inches wide x 0.875 inches deep and is optionally equipped with an audible buzzer and color lamps (standard red, yellow, green).

[0124]

[0134] An optional vibrating applicator function realized via a direct drive stepper motor allows adjustment of the vibration speed and angle via HMI control.

[0125]

[0135] Control panel:

[0136] Houses the fluid system, air system, and electronic controls.

[0137] A panel consisting of a single housing.

[0138] The control cabinet compressed air supply is provided by the facility (CDA at 100psi, minimum 4SCFM).

[0139] The HMI screen shown below and included in the quote is 15 inches, but the HMI screen size can optionally also include 7 inches, 9 inches, 12 inches, and 19 inches.

[0140] An E-Stop button placed in the decontamination room for immediate termination of any sequence.

[0141] The E-Stop button shown in the bottom image of the HMI screen.

[0126]

[0142] Fluid pumping and priming panel:

[0143] A wall-mounted enclosure with dimensional measurements of 24 inches in height × 24 inches in width × 12 inches in depth.

[0127]

[0144] The pump station can utilize a 55-gallon or 10-gallon drum equipped with a suction tube assembly.

[0128]

[0145] In a fluid containment structure that can control up to 60 gallons of BIT solution during outflow, the customer may install a local drain and hose at the selected location.

[0129]

[0146] Pump control by signal transmission to the control panel for low fluid indication.

[0130]

[0147] The station has no fluid calibration ability.

[0131]

[0148] RFID capability of the BIT solution container

[0149] With the available remote pump station capability, it is possible to locate the main control cabinet in a location separate from the BIT solution.

[0132]

[0150] The priming return line for all applicators is piped to return the BIT solution to the drum.

[0133]

[0151] The BIT solution container is located on a scale that accurately measures the consumed solution, assisting with the dosing accuracy and tracking of the solution used in each spray cycle.

[0134]

[0152] Customer program HMI with the following capabilities:

[0153] Up to 20 individual user IDs protected by password. The IDs can be set and changed via the administrative user.

[0154] Dual "dry contact" VO for interfacing with HVAC systems and door interlock control (2 inputs and 2 outputs). Adjustable dwell time settings for HVAC control. Built-in logic for door interlock sequencing and cross-contamination prevention.

[0155] Ability to start and stop cycles based on "clock time" and manual start / stop.

[0156] Per-cycle PDF reports pushed to a USB memory stick, a network location, or sent directly via email from the system itself.

[0135]

[0157] Abnormal monitoring includes fluid flow, air flow, and arc detection.

[0136]

[0158] The maximum distance the fluid priming skid extends to the control panel is 328 feet combined rise and travel length, with a rise of 20 feet or less.

[0137]

[0159] The maximum distance the control panel should extend from the applicator is 98 feet combined rise and travel, with a rise of 10 feet or less.

[0138]

[0160] Drager monitoring location placed on the clean side to monitor PPM levels from the HMI, a remote sensor mounted inside the exhaust duct. If there are individual exhausts for three areas to be disinfected, one per duct and three monitors are required. Drager monitor with remotely mounted duct sensors (total depends on the HVAC system design)

[0139]

[0161] The customer provides 120VAC with a 20-amp breaker at the source, and the final connection is made by another third party. The company provides an airtight damper.

[0140]

[0162] Standard system performance and installation specifications

[0163] Utility requirements:

[0164] 120VAC, 1Φ, 15amp.

[0165] Clean dry air, 2SCFM, 90 - 100 psi (per applicator).

[0166] Fluid flow rate of 25 mL / min.

[0167] Applicator regulated air at 30 psi.

[0168] 1 / 4 inch outside diameter poly tubing lines for fluid and air supply, connection between the control panel and the applicator, and lines to return the applicator fluid to the pump cabinet.

[0141]

[0169] Air and fluid supply lines cannot exceed a distance of 100 feet (30 m) from the control cabinet and involve a total height change of 12 - 15 feet or less. (This includes combinations of rise length and run length).

[0142]

[0170] Fluid return lines cannot exceed a distance of 100 feet (30 m) from the control cabinet and involve a total height change of 12 - 15 feet or less. (This includes combinations of rise length and run length).

[0143]

[0171] 3 / 8 inch outside diameter poly tubing line to connect the fluid pump cabinet to the control cabinet (for BIT fluid supply from the gallon drum to the internal control cabinet auxiliary reservoir).

[0144]

[0172] Fluid supply lines cannot exceed a distance of 300 feet (92 m) from the control cabinet and involve a total height change of 20 feet or less. (This includes combinations of rise length and run length).

[0145]

[0173] CAT5e wire to connect the baseline (master) control panel to subsequent slave control panels (for applicator 5+) cannot exceed 300 ft.

[0146]

[0174] The additional "slave" control panel has the same limitations with respect to the air / fluid supply line distance, as well as the fluid supply line distance from the pump cabinet, as described above.

[0147]

[0175] Each applicator has a total of 18 wires (18 gauge, multi-color) arranged between the ceiling back box and the control cabinet, and 4 of the 18 wires need to be wired to separate independent wire cores.

[0148]

[0176] The fluid pumping and priming cabinet has a total of 7 wires (18 gauge, multi-color) and an RFID reader cable, all of which are wired between the control cabinet and the pumping cabinet.

[0149]

[0177] Injection:

[0178] The customer starts the start of the cycle - the system delays the start of the system so that the HVAC is shut down (either manually or by a signal sent from the system).

[0150]

[0179] The system monitors the amount of solution required in both the flow rate during injection and the total amount delivered (if the system detects a lack of flow from any applicator, the system is abnormal - if two or more applicators are installed in the processing area, the system can be programmed to close the cycle or continue with the remaining applicators until the correct required amount of solution is delivered).

[0151]

[0180] Air*CDA* is also monitored during the injection cycle for deficiencies at each applicator and at the inlet of the air supply source.

[0152]

[0181] Arcs are also monitored at each applicator.

[0153]

[0182] Retention:

[0183] Retention starts after the injection cycle (this pause period is time-adjustable and can be adjusted by the customer).

[0154]

[0184] During the retention cycle, the system is in a standby state and the processing area remains under the control of the system.

[0155]

[0185] Aeration:

[0186] After retention, start aeration. The system sends a signal to turn on the HVAC / exhaust system (if equipped).

[0156]

[0187] The system monitors the exhaust of the processing area for the residual concentration of the solution (all doors remain locked until a pre-set safety level is achieved), *if equipped*, or the system can be set to release the doors at a pre-set time.

[0157]

[0188] Cycle completion:

[0189] When the cycle is completed, the system can send information to the customer server for distribution (if equipped) if the customer deems it necessary.

[0158]

[0190] If there is an abnormality in the cycle, the system can send information to the customer server for distribution (if equipped) if the customer determines it is necessary.

[0159] Example 2 Customized engineering system

[0191] Effective disinfection by activated hydroxyl ions used in this application depends on the surface area of the droplets applied to the surface, i.e., the smaller the droplets, the larger the surface area of the activated hydroxyl ions over the entire cloud of droplets, and thus the more effective the disinfection method. In fact, when the surface is immersed, the activated ions do not come into contact with bacteria for disinfection, so when the surface for disinfection is immersed, the effectiveness of the activated hydroxyl ions is impaired.

[0160]

[0192] Activation of the cleaning fluid to generate activated hydroxyl ions can occur through the passage of the fluid, for example, via an arc current, an electromagnetic field, or photonic energy. The fluid may be generated in a spray form, for example, via atomization, ultrasonic waves, pneumatic spraying, or mechanical pressure. However, since the blower generates a strong flow of large droplets that immerse the surface in the fluid, all of which weaken the effect of the activated hydroxyl ions, the blower is not used in the method of the present application for generating in a spray form.

[0161]

[0193] The method of the present application requires that a very fine mist (extremely small diameter aerosol particles described herein) that transports activated hydroxyl ions through the space to the surface be generated for pollution removal. The activated hydroxyl ions come into contact with pathogens before recombining to form harmless molecular oxygen and water (the advantage of the method herein is that no chemical residues remain on the disinfected surface). A preferred embodiment of the present application uses a cleaning fluid containing 0.3% to 9% hydrogen peroxide as a source of active species for pollution removal of articles or substantially enclosed spaces. The preferred aerosol droplets for transporting the activated hydroxyl ions have a diameter of 0.3 to 1.0 microns, and most preferably have an average diameter of 0.7 microns. Therefore, any automated system applying this method requires precise parameters for performance.

[0162]

[0194] Preferred methods and techniques for use in a contaminant removal process are described in U.S. Patent No. 10,391,188, which is incorporated herein by reference. A contaminant removal fluid mist is activated to produce an activated contaminant removal fluid mist. The activation produces activated species of the contaminant removal fluid material in the mist, such as in an ionized state, a plasma state, or a free radical state. At least some of the activatable species are activated, and optionally, if any, some of the promoting species are activated. To improve the efficiency of the contaminant removal process, a high yield of activated species is desired, but it is not necessary for all or most of the activatable species to achieve an activated state. Any operable activator may be used. The activator field or beam may be electrical or photonic. For example, it includes an alternating current electric field, an alternating current arc, a direct current electric field, a direct current arc, an electron beam, an ion beam, a microwave beam, a radio frequency beam, a high frequency beam, and an ultraviolet light beam generated by a laser or other source. By the activator, at least some of the activatable species of the contaminant removal fluid in the contaminant removal fluid mist are excited to an ion, plasma, or free radical state, thereby achieving "activation". These activated species enter into a redox reaction with the cell wall of the microorganism, thereby destroying the cells or at least preventing their growth and proliferation. In the case of preferred hydrogen peroxide, at least some of the H2O2 molecules dissociate to produce activated species of hydroxyl (OH-) and monoatomic oxygen (O-) ions. These activated species remain dissociated for a period of usually several seconds or more while attacking and destroying biological microorganisms. The activator is preferably adjustable with respect to the frequency, waveform, amplitude, or other characteristics of the activation field or beam, whereby the activator may be optimized to achieve a maximum recombination time for the action on biological microorganisms. In the case of hydrogen peroxide, the dissociated activated species recombine to form diatomic oxygen and water, becoming harmless molecules.

[0163]

[0195] An applicator having a cryogenic plasma arc that seeks pathogens, kills them, inactivates them, and divides a hydrogen peroxide-based solution into reactive oxygen species including hydroxyl radicals is included in an exemplary contamination removal device / system of the present disclosure. The activated particles generated by the applicator kill or inactivate a wide range of pathogens and are safe for sensitive equipment. Generally, the contamination removal device / system of the present disclosure enables effective treatment of an exemplary space of about 104 m2 in about 75 minutes, including application time, contact time, and exposure time. The contamination removal device / system of the present disclosure is scalable and configurable to be effective in spaces / rooms / chambers / containers of any size or volume. Scalability may be achieved by device size, manual control of the contamination removal fluid, or programming the air pressure of the device and the resulting fluid flow rate as a function of input space / room / chamber / container parameters.

[0164]

[0196] Conventional methods of contamination removal are not very effective for decontaminating enclosed spaces. This application discloses that decontamination using a Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide Mist containing ionized hydrogen peroxide results in unexpectedly high levels of kill rates of pathogens (including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, or viruses), such as Candida auris, in small enclosures, semi-enclosed spaces, and closed areas (a small enclosure is an area of 12 inches × 12 inches × 12 inches or less, a semi-enclosed space is an area where a portion of the small enclosure is open to another area, and a closed area is an area where no portion of the small enclosure is open to another area).

[0165]

[0197] Berry dry mist is a mist of particles with a particle size in the range of about 0.1 to 0.2 microns, 0.1 to 0.3 microns, 0.1 to 0.4 microns, 0.1 to 0.5 microns, 0.1 to 0.6 microns, 0.1 to 0.7 microns, 0.1 to 0.8 microns, 0.1 to 0.9 microns, 0.1 to 1 micron, 1 to 1.1 microns, 1 to 1.2 microns, 1 to 1.3 microns, 1 to 1.4 microns, 1 to 1.5 microns, 1 to 1.6 microns, 1 to 1.7 microns, 1 to 1.8 microns, 1 to 1.9 microns, 1 to 2 microns, 0.5 to 0.6 microns, 0.5 to 0.7 microns, 0.5 to 0.8 microns, 0.5 to 0.9 microns, 0.5 to 1 micron, 0.5 to 1.1 microns, 0.5 to 1.2 microns, 0.5 to 1.3 microns, 0.5 to 1.4 microns, 0.5 to 1.6 microns, 0.5 to 1.7 microns, 0.5 to 1.8 microns, 0.5 to 1.9 microns, 0.5 to 2 microns, 0.5 to 2.1 microns, 0.5 to 2.2 microns, 0.5 to 2.3 microns, 0.5 to 2.4 microns, 0.5 to 2.5 microns, 0.5 to 2.6 microns, 0.5 to 2.7 microns, 0.5 to 2.8 microns, 0.5 to 2.9 microns, 0.5 to 3 microns, 0.5 to 3.1 microns, 0.5 to 3.2 microns, 0.5 to 3.3 microns, 0.5 to 3.4 microns, or 0.5 to 3.5 microns. In certain embodiments, the berry dry mist has particles with a particle size in the range of about 0.5 to 3 microns, preferably an average of 0.7 microns.

[0166]

[0198] In certain embodiments, the customized engineering system described herein monitors the size of the aerosol droplets produced, such that the aerosol droplets that transport activated hydroxyl ions form a bell-shaped distribution as described herein. In preferred embodiments, at least 80%, 90%, 95%, 100% of the collection of aerosol droplets are within a size range of 0.3 to 1.0 microns in diameter. In certain embodiments, the size of the aerosol droplets is monitored by use of a laser scan of the aerosol droplet size. Optical measurements may be performed using a sensor or particle detector placed in a detection zone after the activation point of the hydroxyl ions on the aerosol droplet, and the sensor may be an optical particle counter (OPC), a laser particle counter (LPC), or a condensation particle counter (CPC). The OPC or LPC can detect particle sizes greater than 0.1 micron. The customized engineering system comprises a computer processor as described herein that receives data regarding the size range of the aerosol droplets that transport activated hydroxyl ions. The customized engineering system is programmed to adjust control parameters that manage the size of the particles in the bell-shaped distribution to maintain the collection of aerosol droplet sizes within a desired range.

[0167]

[0199] The customized engineering system includes a programming clock and uses one or more potentiometers to provide pneumatic control and fluid flow control. The programming clock provides the ability to automate the cycle of contamination removal within a small enclosure. The cycle of contamination removal controlled by the programming clock includes, for example, a cycle of spraying the bell-shaped distribution for 30 seconds, a cycle of stopping the spraying for 10 seconds, and then a cycle of resuming the spraying for another 30 seconds, and such cycles may be repeated for a certain period. The programming clock can be set manually by the user or can be controlled remotely wirelessly by the user or a computer processor using a pre-programmed contamination removal cycle transmitted to the device for deployment.

[0168]

[0200] In certain embodiments, the time during spraying may be 10 to 1800 seconds, 10 to 1200 seconds, 10 to 900 seconds, 10 to 600 seconds, 10 to 300 seconds, 10 to 180 seconds, 10 to 150 seconds, 10 to 120 seconds, 10 to 90 seconds, 10 to 60 seconds, 10 to 45 seconds, 10 to 30 seconds, 30 to 1800 seconds, 30 to 1200 seconds, 30 to 900 seconds, 30 to 600 seconds, 30 to 300 seconds, 30 to 180 seconds, 30 to 150 seconds, 30 to 120 seconds, 30 to 90 seconds, 30 to 60 seconds, 30 to 45 seconds, 60 to 1800 seconds, 60 to 1200 seconds, 60 to 900 seconds, 60 to 600 seconds, 60 to 300 seconds, 60 to 180 seconds, 60 to 150 seconds, 60 to 120 seconds, 60 to 90 seconds, 90 to 1800 seconds, 90 to 1200 seconds, 90 to 900 seconds, 90 to 600 seconds, 90 to 300 seconds, 90 to 180 seconds, 90 to 150 seconds, 90 to 120 seconds, 120 to 1800 seconds, 120 to 1200 seconds, 120 to 900 seconds, 120 to 600 seconds, 120 to 300 seconds, 120 to 180 seconds, 120 to 150 seconds, 150 to 1800 seconds, 150 to 1200 seconds, 150 to 900 seconds, 150 to 600 seconds, 150 to 300 seconds, 150 to 180 seconds, 180 to 1800 seconds, 180 to 1200 seconds, 180 to 900 seconds, 180 to 600 seconds, 180 to 300 seconds, 300 to 1800 seconds, 300 to 1200 seconds, 300 to 900 seconds, 300 to 600 seconds, 600 to 1800 seconds, 600 to 1200 seconds, 600 to 900 seconds, 900 to 1800 seconds, 900 to 1200 seconds, or 1200 to 1800 seconds.

[0169]

[0201] In certain embodiments, the time between two resultant sprays may be 1 - 600 seconds, 1 - 300 seconds, 1 - 180 seconds, 1 - 150 seconds, 1 - 120 seconds, 1 - 90 seconds, 1 - 60 seconds, 1 - 45 seconds, 1 - 30 seconds, 1 - 15 seconds, 10 - 600 seconds, 10 - 300 seconds, 10 - 180 seconds, 10 - 150 seconds, 10 - 120 seconds, 10 - 90 seconds, 10 - 60 seconds, 10 - 45 seconds, 10 - 30 seconds, 30 - 600 seconds, 30 - 300 seconds, 30 - 180 seconds, 30 - 150 seconds, 30 - 120 seconds, 30 - 90 seconds, 30 - 60 seconds, 30 - 45 seconds, 60 - 600 seconds, 60 - 300 seconds, 60 - 180 seconds, 60 - 150, 60 - 120 seconds, 60 - 90 seconds, 90 - 600 seconds, 90 - 300 seconds, 90 - 180 seconds, 90 - 150 seconds, 90 - 120 seconds, 120 - 600 seconds, 120 - 300 seconds, 120 - 180 seconds, 120 - 150 seconds, 150 - 600 seconds, 150 - 300 seconds, 150 - 180 seconds, 180 - 600 seconds, 180 - 300 seconds, or 300 - 600 seconds. In one example, the time between two resultant sprays is 60 seconds.

[0170]

[0202] In some cases, the time during spraying is 90 seconds and the interval between sprays is 60 seconds. In some embodiments, the spray cycle includes a spraying time and a pause time, and the complete decontamination process includes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 spray cycles (spray cycle = spray + interval - total number of cycles).

[0171]

[0203] In certain embodiments, a customized engineering system comprises a computer processor capable of calculating appropriate settings (e.g., flow rate, air pressure, number and length of decontamination cycles) to generate a Belide mist containing ionized hydrogen peroxide for effectively decontaminating an enclosed space. In such embodiments, the user may manually enter the parameters of the enclosure into the device or remotely via a wireless connection. The operation of the system can be fully automated, fully remotely controlled, or semi - automated (e.g., using decontamination cycles that are automatically performed according to manually entered parameters).

[0172]

[0204] Reducing excessive air pressure generates mist particles that are too large to achieve the desired mist / fog profile, which is a common problem in the prior art. At the same time, especially in enclosed spaces, significant air pressure reduction is often required. These opposing constraints of the pollution removal system are addressed by certain embodiments of the present disclosure. That is, by programming a processor to control a potentiometer based on the input parameters of a small housing, a user can adjust the fluid flow rate in synchronization with the air pressure. As a result, by reducing the fluid flow rate while simultaneously reducing the air pressure, the size of the mist / fog particles is maintained small while limiting the distance the spray can reach. In this way, the mist sprayed by the customized engineering system stays within the boundaries of the enclosed space without generating an overly wet and dense fog. Thus, the programmable balance between air pressure and fluid flow rate prevents saturation of the surface opposite the mist applicator, increased moisture accumulation due to condensation, false negative verification results, or increased aeration time of the housing.

[0173]

[0205] In some embodiments, the customized engineering system may include or be configured to access a database that lists the characteristics of the room in which the customized engineering system is deployed. Additionally, or alternatively, the customized engineering system may include a system for collecting and / or generating data regarding the characteristics of the room in which the customized engineering system is deployed. In such cases, any system known in the art for collecting, generating, and / or analyzing the characteristics of the room may be used depending on the data generated. Examples include spatial sensors, optical recognition systems, and / or dosimeters. The system may be operably coupled to a CPU in some embodiments. Alternatively, the CPU may be configured to access the room characteristic data from the database. In either case, the CPU may be configured to search for, access, and determine the operating parameters of an applicator for applying ionized hydrogen peroxide, such as the position of the applicator, based on the data regarding the characteristics of the room in which the customized engineering system is deployed. In some embodiments, the determined operating parameters may be relayed via a user interface such that a user of the customized engineering system can be notified to invoke the operating parameters of the customized engineering system. In other cases, the CPU may be configured to send commands to means within the customized engineering system for automatically invoking the operating parameters, such as automatically moving the direction of the spray of the applicator according to the determined operating parameters.

[0174]

[0206] In some embodiments, the system may be used to measure the dosage of ionized hydrogen peroxide received at an object or spot in a room where a customized engineering system is deployed. In particular, measuring the dosage of ionized hydrogen peroxide at an object or spot in a room can help determine the operating parameters of the applicator, such as optimizing the placement of the applicator. As described above, one of the main factors affecting the effectiveness of ionized hydrogen peroxide on an object is the distance to the object. Through the operation coupling of the system to the CPU, the CPU obtains measurement values from the system, determines the operating parameters of the applicator based on the measurement values such as the position of the applicator, relays the determined operating parameters to the user interface, and / or transmits commands to the means within the customized engineering system to automatically invoke the operating parameters of the applicator, such as the applicator, according to the determined operating parameters. Generally, any system known in the art for measuring spray dosage may be used in the system.

[0175]

[0207] The customized engineering system may include or be configured to access a database listing the characteristics of one or more rooms, and / or the device may further include a system for collecting and / or generating data regarding the characteristics of the room. Any system known in the art for generating, collecting, and / or analyzing the characteristics of a room may be used. Examples include dosimeters, space sensors, and / or optical recognition systems. In some cases, the device may further include a CPU for obtaining data, determining the position of the applicator based on the data, relaying the determined position to the user interface, and / or transmitting commands to the means within the customized engineering system to automatically move the applicator according to the determined position.

[0176]

[0208] In certain embodiments, the customized engineering system comprises laser diffraction technology for quantifying the particle size distribution within the spray. The applicator is externally mounted in the ambient air and the spray moves through an enclosed nozzle. The spray is formed by ultrasonic or similar means generated within a chamber in the customized engineering system and the spray flows out to the outside air through the applicator. On its way through the nozzle, the spray moves through a zone where the laser is projected and thus the laser beam diffracts after colliding with the particles. A collection of sensors on the opposite side of the laser source measures these diffraction patterns and interprets them using Mie theory (analytical solution of equations for the scattering of electromagnetic radiation by spherical particles) to quantify the particle size distribution of the ionized particles within the spray. Since the method herein depends on the application of bellidolymist, the customized engineering system can be programmed to adjust the air valve or other operating parameters to appropriately maintain the average diameter of the ionized particles determined by the laser diffraction technique low.

[0177]

[0209] In certain embodiments, when a customized engineering system is ready, the customized engineering system automatically launches and executes a mission, such as a cleaning mission. In certain embodiments, the customized engineering system includes a motion sensor capable of detecting the presence of humans in the area. The customized engineering system includes an alarm mechanism such as an audible warning and / or a flashing light when a human is detected in the operating area. The customized engineering system automatically moves away from the human, quiets itself, or turns off its power to quiet the customized engineering system when a human is present. Thus, the customized engineering system operates smartly by interrupting its mission so that humans are not affected by the spray. The contamination removal customized engineering system monitors the movement of humans in its operating area and, in embodiments, monitors the departure of humans from the area including a time delay before reactivation. When a human leaves the area, the customized engineering system autonomously returns to the location where it interrupted its mission and completes the coverage of the room. Thus, the customized engineering system completes its mission across the space while adapting to the presence of humans in the space.

[0178]

[0210] An embodiment of a customized engineering system is shown in FIG. 7. The user starts the start of the cycle - the system delays the start of the system (either manually or by a signal sent from the system) so that the HVAC is shut down. As can be seen in FIG. 7, the ionized hydrogen peroxide (iHP) spray cycle starts when the start button is pressed (this can be done through the network system described herein via the user interface). Following the pressing of the start button, the spray cycle delay start timer starts its countdown. This allows any individuals in the area to clear out before contamination removal begins. It also gives individuals time to leave before the door is locked so that the area for contamination removal is sealed. The system may trigger an alarm warning that emits a warning sound to warn individuals in the area targeted for contamination removal and / or an audible warning in a language, for example, including a countdown in the language, within the area for contamination removal. Notification devices such as lighting or a buzzer may be present on an applicator placed within the area for contamination removal, and these notification devices start flashing or buzzing to warn individuals in the area who should exit. An output signal is sent from the customized engineering system to the building HVAC system to warn the HVAC system that the spray is active, but the ionized hydrogen peroxide spray does not start at this point. Instead, the system waits for a signal from the HVAC system that the air flow has stopped in the target area for contamination removal. The delay start countdown does not end until the customized engineering system receives an input signal from the HVAC system that the air flow has been shut down. The output signal is also sent from the customized engineering system to the building door lock system, and the system waits for a door lock input signal to confirm that all doors are locked before ending the delay start countdown.

[0179]

[0211] The spray cycle starts when the system receives notice that all doors are sealed and the air flow is interrupted. The customized design system monitors the amount of solution required both in terms of the flow rate during injection and the total amount delivered. (If the system detects a loss of flow from any applicator, the system is abnormal - if two or more applicators are installed in the processing area, the system can be programmed to close the cycle or continue with the remaining applicators until the correct required amount of solution is delivered.)

[0180]

[0212] The spray cycle ends based on programmed parameters, after which the dwell cycle starts. The dwell starts after the injection cycle. (This pause period is time-adjustable and can be adjusted by the customer.) During the dwell cycle, the customized design system is in a standby state and the processing area remains under the control of the customized design system.

[0181]

[0213] When the dwell cycle ends, an output signal is sent from the customized engineering system to the HVAC system release. After dwell, aeration starts. The customized design system signals to turn on the HVAC / exhaust system (if equipped).

[0182]

[0214] After the HVAC system is released, the HVAC system turns on again, and an aeration cycle begins in which air flow / ventilation is restored. The aeration cycle proceeds to remove residues of ionized hydrogen peroxide decontamination (diatomic oxygen and water as described herein) from the room based on time, based on measurement of an air sample in parts per million (PPM), or both. When the aeration cycle is complete, an output signal is sent from the customized engineering system to the door lock system and released. The system can monitor the exhaust of the treatment area for residual concentration of the solution (all doors remain locked until a pre-set safety level is achieved), or the system can be set to release the doors at a pre-set time.

[0183]

[0215] The system may comprise a camera and the ability to view the area to be decontaminated through the camera, and the camera view may be evaluated by the user or by an algorithm designed to recognize movement of humans or animals within the area for decontamination if the algorithm recognizes movement such that the spray cycle is abnormal until the problem is solved.

[0184]

[0216] Air CDA is also monitored during the injection cycle for deficiencies at each applicator and at the inlet of the air supply source. Arcs are also monitored at each applicator. Air monitors are placed in appropriate locations to view PPM level monitoring. If each area to be decontaminated has a separate exhaust and can be operated individually, individual low-level monitors can be used for each treatment area. The monitor monitors peak PPM at the start of the aeration cycle to provide a data set point (providing a range from the maximum PPM level to the minimum PPM level).

[0185]

[0217] When the cycle is completed, the system can send information to the user server for distribution if the user deems it necessary. When there is an abnormality in the cycle, the system can send information to the user server for distribution if the user determines it is necessary.

[0186]

[0218] In certain embodiments, the customized engineering system is used to cover a sealed room in medical, industrial, commercial, and facility environments with a mist. The amount used to achieve the minimum atomization concentration of ionized hydrogen peroxide is 0.5 ml per cubic foot of enclosure (room) volume. The software calculates the dosage based on the input volume and measures that the correct dosage is dispensed via the applicator. The application time required to achieve the required concentration varies depending on the size of the room and the number of applicators. Once the minimum mist concentration is achieved, a dwell time of at least 15 minutes must be maintained before starting the aeration of the room. In certain embodiments, the system starts from these pre-set parameters (dosage rate / contact time). In certain embodiments where the system can evaluate a changing environment (e.g., the presence of large-scale equipment), the system may have the ability to adjust. The room is aerated until a standard air monitor indicates that the hydrogen peroxide is less than 1 part per million (PPM). Once the room is properly aerated, one can enter the room without personal protective equipment and return to service. Aeration occurs naturally without mechanical assistance if time is not a factor. Venting to the outside of the building, all air scrubbers and fans can be used after contact to speed up the aeration process. A HEPA filter with a dehumidifier, fan, or carbon filter is also effective in removing suspended hydrogen peroxide. Since ionized hydrogen peroxide decomposes into humidity and oxygen, there is no need to wipe it off and no residue remains after treatment.

[0187] Example 3 Immune Building

[0219] The customized engineering system is fully automated. This system is integrated with the facility's HVAC system. Once installed, the system can depend on either preset parameters or specifications determined by the system user or a technical consultant. In certain embodiments, the system includes a programmable logic control housed in a central location. In certain embodiments, the system is controlled by an algorithm that uses machine learning and preset parameters to determine the control and performance of the decontamination system. The machine learning neural network is trained to identify differences between spray cycles, aeration cycles, and environmental responses and input parameter steps described herein. The neural network then acts as artificial intelligence to control the decontamination system described herein based on environmental inputs resulting from different sensor signals regarding the presence of pathogens within the building. The user may assume control of the customized engineering system from the artificial intelligence, operate via manual commands delivered through the user interface, or reprogram the preferred preset parameters. The use of artificial intelligence to control the installed and fully automated customized engineering system to perform the decontamination cycles described herein creates an immune building. The customized engineering system functions as an immune system that automatically responds to detected threats by initiating decontamination in specific contaminated areas of the building as described herein. Based on the identification of specific biological hazards, different spray cycles and dwell cycles can be appropriately initiated to eliminate the identified biological hazards. The program allows for multiple cycles to be held by the system and accessed for deployment. The programming also allows for cycle continuation when multiple pods fail or malfunction, redirecting remaining doses to remaining applicators rather than stopping them. The system can be used for various specifications in multiple rooms and is remotely controlled via the user interface described herein.

[0188]

[0220] In certain embodiments, the immune building system is used for decontamination and sterilization of a designated area. The immune building must be able to sterilize up to the total volume of the designated area. The immune building system comprises at least one decontamination agent container, a decontamination agent distribution pipe, a decontamination agent pump, a decontamination head (applicator), and a central control system. The number and position of the decontamination heads vary according to the location requirements. The immune building system starts when an operator (which may be artificial intelligence or, optionally, a manual user performing the control) initiates the decontamination process. The system checks the system state including, but not limited to, the available amount (optionally) of hydrogen peroxide, the expiration date of hydrogen peroxide, and the readiness of the system for operation. The system receives signal exchange with a network-connected HVAC system, and the HVAC system is instructed to stop and the immune building system receives confirmation that the stop has occurred. The injection of the decontamination solution as a spray mist described herein is started, and the ionization hydrogen peroxide injection is carried out up to a specified amount based on the volume. The spraying is concentrated on the worst-case locations for decontamination, and the consumption of the decontamination solution (per head) is monitored and evaluated by the system. The system gives time for contact to occur between the biological hazard and the sprayed ionization hydrogen peroxide mist. Thereafter, signal exchange is carried out to restart the system that was stopped to carry out the decontamination cycle. The system gives time for fresh air to flow until the ionization hydrogen peroxide concentration reaches less than 1 PPM. In particular, the confirmation of the safe concentration is monitored at the worst-case location for biological hazards.

[0189]

[0221] The immune building system is integrated with the HVAC system so as to be able to exchange signals with the HVAC control system. The system can transmit a stop HVAC signal and a restart HVAC signal. The system can receive confirmation of HVAC system stop or HVAC system restart from the HVAC control system in response to a given signal from the immune building system. The control system enables integration with optional equipment, and the system can transmit start, monitoring, and restart signals. The system can receive confirmation of system stop or system restart from an optional equipment filling line control system in response to stop and restart signals. The immune building system is ready to be fully automatically executed from the moment the process starts until the moment the process ends, including the generation of process reports. The immune building system is designed to ensure that sterilized rooms and substances are measured at the end of the cycle and that the residue of ionized hydrogen peroxide is less than 1 ppm.

[0190]

[0222] The immune building system enables adjustment of parameters such as at least the ionized hydrogen peroxide injection rate (per head), ionized hydrogen peroxide injection time, ionized hydrogen peroxide set point volume (concentration), ionized hydrogen peroxide contact time, aeration time, and aeration set point value (concentration) (optional). If the supply of ionized hydrogen peroxide during the sterilization cycle is temporarily interrupted, the cycle is interrupted and a warning is triggered. The sterilization cycle can be stopped at any time by manual override if necessary. A lockable emergency stop button is provided for manual override to stop ongoing decontamination. Visual displays such as an operating system (yellow), a warning system (red), and a system ready (green) may be installed or adjusted according to the user's needs. All ionized hydrogen peroxide equipment has one working time counter and one cycle counter each. The system can control the correct flow of individual heads. The system may purge all lines before the start of a new cycle towards the waste container.

[0191]

[0223] Changes to the set parameters can be made from the central operator interface. These changes may be made by an authorized access profile. The recipe configuration shall be possible by an authorized access profile. The operator can be aware of, check, and confirm the relevant warnings on the operation panel. In case of malfunction between the programming logic control and the controller, a machine error message is released. The system has an interface to an on-site IT network using an Ethernet connection. The system comprises an industrial PC that enables an operator interface, data input, data storage, and connection between the programming logic control and the controller. The recorder may record, store, archive, and retrieve important data of the process cycle. The system registers, generates, and issues data including different states of the process and equipment, measured values, warnings, and any other relevant information.

[0192]

[0224] The above description is for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art how to practice the present invention and is not intended to detail all obvious modifications and variations thereof that will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the description. However, all such obvious modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. The claims are intended to cover components and steps in any order that is effective to meet the intended purpose thereof unless the context specifically indicates the contrary.

Claims

1. A multi-configuration system for pollution removal, comprising: a general-purpose computer; a sensor package; one or more control boards; one or more applicators; an operator device, wherein the general-purpose computer is network-connected to the sensor package by one or more control boards, and the sensor package is capable of detecting the presence of microorganisms; the sensor package is network-connected to the one or more applicators, and the one or more applicators are configured to apply a pollution removal process to remove microorganisms; the operator device is network-connected to the general-purpose computer via an application programming interface (API) gateway, and the operator device displays a network interface to the operator; the API gateway provides access to a system controller; A multi-configuration system.

2. The system controller comprises a set of subsystems, and the set of subsystems is linked to the system controller by a bi-directional interface, wherein the set of subsystems comprises a warning subsystem that, when the sensor package detects the presence of the microorganisms, warns the operator by display on the network interface; and a device driver subsystem that network-connects the sensor package and the applicator by a one-directional interface; The system according to claim 1.

3. The system is manually controlled by one or more individuals via the operator device. The system according to claim 1.

4. The system is under event-driven control by the system controller, and the system controller receives a warning regarding the presence of the microorganisms. The system according to claim 1.

5. The system is under remote control by one or more individuals via the operator device. The system according to claim 1.

6. ​ When the applicator receives a command from the system controller via the device driver subsystem, it starts a contamination removal cycle. The system according to claim 1.

7. The set of subsystems further comprises an event subsystem. The system according to claim 2.

8. The set of subsystems further comprises a reporting subsystem. The system according to claim 2.

9. The set of subsystems further comprises a configuration subsystem. The system according to claim 2.

10. The set of subsystems further comprises a software development kit. The system according to claim 2.

11. One or more control boards that are network-connected to the sensor and network-connected to the general-purpose computer are included in the sensor package. The system according to claim 1.

12. The sensor is one or more selected from the group consisting of an optical sensor, a voltatic sensor, a weight sensor, a moisture sensor, and a pressure sensor. The system according to claim 1.

13. The general-purpose computer comprises a single computer control board. The system according to claim 1.

14. A step of detecting the presence of microorganisms in a substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of the microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors present in the substantially enclosed space. A step of warning the system controller of the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to the one or more sensors. A step of notifying an operator device of the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is network-connected to the system controller. A step of starting a contamination removal process to remove the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the contamination removal process is applied by one or more applicators network-connected to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators are present in the substantially enclosed space. A routine of setting commands to be implemented in the system according to claim 1. Further, after the step of instructing the start of the contamination removal process by the event subsystem, the system controller starts the contamination removal process by the one or more applicators, The event subsystem includes a set of instructions for causing the one or more applicators to start the contamination removal process after the one or more sensors detect the presence of a specific microorganism, a non-transitory and tangible computer-readable medium. Including a routine of setting instructions, including instructions for removing contamination from a substantially enclosed space. A non-transitory and tangible computer-readable medium.

15. The specific microorganism is a pathogen. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 14.

16. The pathogen is a targeted biological warfare agent. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 16.

17. The targeted biological warfare agent is selected from the group consisting of anthrax (Bacillus anthracis), plague (Yersinia pestis), and tularemia (Francisella tularensis). The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 17.

18. The operator device is wirelessly network-connected to the system controller. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 14.

19. A method for controlling the removal of contamination from a substantially enclosed space, comprising the step of detecting the presence of microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the presence of the microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors present in the substantially enclosed space, and the step of warning the system controller of the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to the one or more sensors, and the step of notifying an operator device of the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is network-connected to the system controller, and the step of starting a contamination removal process to remove the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the contamination removal process is applied by one or more applicators network-connected to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators are present in the substantially enclosed space. The step of warning the system controller of the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the system controller is network-connected to the one or more sensors. The step of notifying an operator device of the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the operator device is network-connected to the system controller. The step of starting a contamination removal process to remove the presence of the microorganisms in the substantially enclosed space, wherein the contamination removal process is applied by one or more applicators network-connected to the system controller, and further, the one or more applicators are present in the substantially enclosed space. (1) Instructing the start of the contamination removal process from the operation device, or (2) After either step of instructing the start of the contamination removal process by the event subsystem, the system controller starts the contamination removal process by the one or more applicators, and the event subsystem is the non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium according to claim 14, Method. [

20. ] The artificial structure is an office building, The method according to claim 19.

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