Battery cell management chip, battery system, and vehicle

Abstract

A vehicle (3000) having a battery system (2000), and a battery system (2000) having a battery cell management chip (10), the chip (10) comprising a collection circuit (102), a power supply (103), a processing circuit (101), and a dynamic protection circuit (106), the collection circuit (102) being used to collect parameter values of operating parameters of a single battery cell (2001) and transmit the parameter values to the processing circuit (101), the power supply (103) supplying power to the processing circuit (101), the memory circuit (105) being used to store dynamic protection thresholds for the operating parameters, the processing circuit (101) being used to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell (2001) in case of an abnormality, and the dynamic protection circuit (106) being used to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell (2001) according to the dynamic protection threshold, the vehicle (3000) and the battery system (2000).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Cross - reference to Related Applications This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202210602286.5, entitled "BATTERY CELL MANAGEMENT CHIP, AND BATTERY SYSTEM, AND VEHICLE", filed on May 30, 2022, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of power batteries, and more particularly, to battery cell management chips, battery systems, and vehicles.

Background Art

[0003] In conventional battery management systems (BMS), information detection is mainly performed on single cells, and voltage and temperature acquisition are mainly performed on battery modules (i.e., multiple battery cells) rather than monitoring the status of single battery cells. Furthermore, obtaining the state of charge of the battery mainly relies on the detection system obtaining measurement parameters such as the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery module at various different periods, and it is not possible to obtain the relevant parameters of single battery cells. Therefore, there is a certain degree of error in the obtained state of charge of the battery. Also, since the operating state of the battery cannot be adjusted according to the usage state of single battery cells, the actual utilization rate of the battery is affected.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present disclosure are presented to provide a battery cell management chip, a battery system, and a vehicle that overcome or at least partially address the above problems.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure, a battery cell management chip is connected to a single battery cell. The battery cell management chip includes a processing circuit, an acquisition circuit connected to the processing circuit and configured to acquire a parameter value of an operating parameter of the single battery cell and transmit the parameter value to the processing circuit, a power supply connected to the processing circuit and configured to supply power to the processing circuit, a dynamic protection circuit connected to the processing circuit, and a storage circuit connected to the processing circuit and configured to store a dynamic protection threshold for the operating parameter. The processing circuit compares the parameter value of the operating parameter with the dynamic protection threshold, controls the dynamic protection circuit to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell according to the result of the comparison, determines the state of charge (SOC) of the single battery cell according to the parameter value of the operating parameter, and is configured to update the dynamic protection threshold of the single battery cell stored in the storage circuit according to the SOC. The dynamic protection circuit is configured to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell according to the dynamic protection threshold.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the operating parameter includes stress, and the acquisition circuit includes a stress acquisition circuit configured to acquire a stress value of the single battery cell.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit includes a state protection circuit configured to control the single battery cell to stop charging or discharging when the stress value of the single battery cell is greater than the dynamic stress protection threshold.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the stress acquisition circuit includes a bridge circuit connected to the single battery cell via an external sensor, and the bridge circuit is configured to determine a strain voltage signal according to the strain information inside the single battery cell detected by the external sensor.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the external sensor is a stress sensor, and the stress sensor is a thin film strain gauge.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the thin film strain gauge is provided on the housing of the single cell.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the stress acquisition circuit further includes an amplification circuit connected to the bridge circuit and configured to amplify the strain voltage signal, a signal acquisition circuit connected to the amplification circuit and configured to acquire the strain voltage signal output by the amplification circuit and convert the strain voltage signal into a digital signal form, a digital logic circuit connected to the signal acquisition circuit and configured to optimize and adjust the strain voltage signal in digital signal form, and a communication interface connected to the digital logic circuit and configured to transmit the strain voltage signal in digital signal form to the processing circuit.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the signal acquisition circuit is further configured to acquire the strain voltage signal output by the amplification circuit when woken up and convert the strain voltage signal into a digital signal form. The stress acquisition circuit further includes a wake-up reference circuit connected to the digital logic circuit, storing the stress threshold in analog signal form and configured to update the stress threshold in analog signal form according to the strain voltage signal in digital signal form sent by the digital logic circuit, and an acquisition wake-up circuit connected to each of the amplification circuit, the wake-up reference circuit, and the signal acquisition circuit, comparing the amplified strain voltage signal with the stress threshold in analog signal form, waking up the signal acquisition circuit when the amplified strain voltage signal exceeds the stress threshold in analog signal form, and disconnecting the signal acquisition circuit when the acquisition is completed.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the processing circuit is further configured to set the stress threshold initially stored in the wake-up reference circuit.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery cell management chip further includes a wireless transmission circuit connected to the processing circuit. The wireless transmission circuit is configured to perform wireless data transmission with the upper control circuit, and the battery cell management chip communicates with the upper control circuit via the wireless transmission circuit.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the wireless transmission circuit is further configured to switch between different operating states according to a signal sent by the processing circuit. The different operating states include a sleep state, a non-sleep state, a synchronous transmission and reception mode, and a low power consumption mode.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the processing circuit includes a calculation circuit configured to calculate the state of charge (SOC) of a single battery cell according to a parameter value of an operating parameter, determine a new dynamic protection threshold according to the SOC, and store the new dynamic protection threshold in a memory circuit.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the processing circuit further includes a warning circuit configured to compare the parameter value of the operating parameter with the dynamic protection threshold for the operating parameter stored in the memory circuit and send a warning message to the upper control circuit according to the result of the comparison.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the processing circuit further includes a control circuit configured to control a dynamic protection circuit to adjust the operating state of a single battery cell according to the warning message.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the operating parameter further includes at least one of voltage, current, and temperature, and the acquisition circuit includes at least one of a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, and a temperature acquisition circuit. The voltage acquisition circuit is configured to acquire the voltage value of a single battery cell, the current acquisition circuit is configured to acquire the current value of a single battery cell, and the temperature acquisition circuit is configured to acquire the temperature value of a single battery cell.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the acquisition circuit includes a multiplexer. One end of the multiplexer is connected to each of a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, and a stress acquisition circuit, and the other end of the multiplexer is connected to a processing circuit. The processing circuit is further configured to send a selection instruction to the multiplexer. The multiplexer is configured to select any one of the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit, the temperature acquisition circuit, and the stress acquisition circuit according to the selection instruction, and transmit the parameter value of the operating parameter of the single battery cell to the processing circuit.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit includes an overvoltage protection circuit configured to control the single battery cell to stop charging or discharging when the voltage value of the single battery cell exceeds the dynamic voltage protection threshold.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit further includes at least one of an equalization circuit, an overtemperature protection circuit, and an overcurrent protection circuit. The equalization circuit is configured to start a voltage equalization strategy so that the voltage value of the single battery cell is within a preset average voltage value range when the voltage value of the single battery cell is outside the preset average voltage value range. The overtemperature protection circuit is configured to control the single battery cell to enter a sleep state when the temperature value of the single battery cell exceeds the dynamic temperature protection threshold. The overcurrent protection circuit is configured to control the single battery cell to stop charging or discharging when the current value of the single battery cell exceeds the dynamic current protection threshold.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure, the battery system includes a plurality of single battery cells, a battery cell management system, and a battery cell management chip according to any embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure described above.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present disclosure, the vehicle includes a battery system according to any embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure described above.

[0025] Embodiments of the present disclosure include the following advantages, namely, the acquisition circuit is configured to acquire parameter values of the operating parameters of a single battery cell and transmit the parameter values to the processing circuit, the power supply is configured to supply power to the processing circuit, the memory circuit is configured to store dynamic protection thresholds for the operating parameters, the processing circuit compares the parameter values of the operating parameters with the dynamic protection thresholds, controls the dynamic protection circuit to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell according to the result of the comparison, determines the state of charge (SOC) of the single battery cell according to the parameter values of the operating parameters, and is configured to update the dynamic protection threshold of the single battery cell stored in the memory circuit according to the SOC, and the dynamic protection circuit is configured to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell according to the dynamic protection threshold. In the present disclosure, the state of the single battery cell is monitored by the battery cell management chip, the risk of losing the state information of the multi-battery string due to the failure of the single battery cell is reduced, the dynamic protection circuit can adjust the operating state of the battery cell in real time according to the usage state of the battery cell, it is possible to achieve high-efficiency use and protection of the battery, and it is possible to extend the battery life.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0027] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure clearer and more understandable, the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

[0028] In a conventional BMS, typically, a battery module is formed from a plurality of single battery cells, and a plurality of battery modules are configured to form a battery for power supply. Currently, the BMS mainly monitors the information of single battery cells and mainly detects the voltage and temperature of the battery module without monitoring the parameters of the single battery cells. Therefore, when a single battery cell fails and causes the entire battery to fail, it is not easy to detect the failed single battery cell. When the battery is in different usage states, the operating state of the battery cannot be dynamically adjusted to operate within a safety threshold, thus shortening the service life of the battery.

[0029] Based on this, one of the core concepts of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a wireless management chip for single battery cells. By monitoring the charge state of the single battery cell with the wireless management chip and adjusting the operating state of the single battery cell in real time according to different charge states of the single battery cell, efficient use of the battery and protection of the battery are realized.

[0030] FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless management chip according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure. The wireless management chip is a battery cell management chip 10. The battery cell management chip 10 is connected to a single battery cell, and the battery cell management chip 10 includes a processing circuit 101, an acquisition circuit 102 connected to the processing circuit 101, a power supply 103, a storage circuit 105, and a dynamic protection circuit 106.

[0031] It should be noted that the battery cell management chip 10 may be disposed inside the single battery cell. For example, part or all of the battery cell management chip 10 may be disposed inside the single battery cell, or the battery cell management chip 10 may be disposed outside the single battery cell. When the battery cell management chip 10 is disposed inside the single battery cell, due to the presence of the electrolyte inside the single battery cell, it is necessary to ensure the sealing of the battery cell management chip 10 and prevent the electrolyte from entering the inside of the battery cell management chip 10 to avoid damage to the components.

[0032] The acquisition circuit 102 is configured to acquire the parameter values of the operating parameters of a single battery cell and transmit the parameter values to the processing circuit 101.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the operating parameters refer to output parameters representing the operating state of a single battery cell. For example, the output parameters may be at least one of voltage, current, temperature, and stress.

[0034] The power supply 103 is configured to supply power to the processing circuit 101, and the storage circuit 105 is configured to store dynamic protection thresholds for the operating parameters.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection threshold refers to a protection threshold corresponding to the operating parameters that ensure the normal operation of a single battery cell. For example, the dynamic voltage protection threshold refers to the protection threshold of the output voltage that ensures the normal operation of a single battery cell. The dynamic protection threshold may be set by the upper control circuit or the processing circuit 101 according to the initial charge state of the single battery cell when the single battery cell is first used.

[0036] The processing circuit 101 is configured to compare the parameter values of the operating parameters with the dynamic protection thresholds and control the dynamic protection circuit 106 to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell according to the result of the comparison. The operating state of the single battery cell may include a discharge state, a charge state, and a sleep state. The processing circuit 101 may determine whether the parameter value of the single battery cell is normal according to the result of the comparison. When the parameter value of the operating parameter exceeds the dynamic protection threshold, this indicates that the single battery cell is operating abnormally.

[0037] In one embodiment, when the single battery cell is in the charge state and the parameter value of the current parameter exceeds the dynamic current protection threshold, this indicates that the single battery cell is operating abnormally. At this time, the processing circuit 101 may control the dynamic protection circuit 106 to stop charging the single battery cell, or may control the single battery cell to enter the discharge state or the sleep state.

[0038] In another embodiment, when the single cell is in a discharged state and the parameter value of the voltage parameter exceeds the dynamic voltage protection threshold, this indicates that the single cell is operating abnormally. At this time, the processing circuit 101 may control the dynamic protection circuit 106 to put the single cell into a sleep state.

[0039] In one embodiment, the processing circuit 101 determines the state of charge (SOC) of the single cell according to the parameter value of the operating parameter, and updates the dynamic protection threshold of the single cell stored in the memory circuit 105 according to the SOC.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing circuit 101 can compare the parameter value acquired by the acquisition circuit 102 with the dynamic protection threshold stored in the memory circuit 105 to determine whether the single cell is operating abnormally. Abnormality means that the parameter value of the single cell exceeds the dynamic protection threshold. If the abnormal state of the single cell continues for too long, this may affect the operating performance of the single cell or cause permanent damage to the single cell. Due to the continuous weakening of the state of charge of the single cell over long-term charge and discharge, the parameter values such as voltage, current, temperature, and stress will also change continuously. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously update the dynamic protection threshold based on the SOC calculated by the processing circuit 101 at different times according to the operating state of the single cell to achieve more accurate protection and high-performance use.

[0041] The dynamic protection circuit 106 is configured to adjust the operating state of the single cell according to the dynamic protection threshold.

[0042] Since the dynamic protection circuit 106 can adjust the state of the single cell in real time according to the usage state of the battery, the single cell operates within the dynamic protection threshold, thereby achieving more intelligent and accurate protection of the single cell.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the state of a single cell is monitored by a battery cell management chip 10, and the risk of losing the state information of a multi-cell string due to a failure of the single cell is reduced. The dynamic protection circuit 106 adjusts the operating state of the single cell in real time according to the usage state of the single cell, so that high-efficiency use and protection of the battery can be achieved, and the battery life can be extended.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the operating parameters include stress, and the acquisition circuit 102 includes a stress acquisition circuit.

[0045] The stress acquisition circuit is configured to acquire the stress value of the single cell. For example, the acquisition circuit 102 in FIG. 1 may include only the stress acquisition circuit 1024.

[0046] Since gas is generated during the reaction of the electrolyte inside the single cell, the stress inside the single cell is different at different times. The stress change inside the single cell can be acquired by a stress sensor provided on the housing of the single cell in the stress acquisition circuit 1024.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit 106 includes a state protection circuit. For example, the dynamic protection circuit 106 in FIG. 1 may include only the state protection circuit 1065.

[0048] The state protection circuit 1065 is configured to control the single cell to stop charging or discharging when the stress value of the single cell is greater than the dynamic stress protection threshold.

[0049] Generally, the stress that each single cell can withstand has a specific threshold value, and the dynamic stress protection threshold value is the maximum stress that the single cell can withstand. When the stress that the single cell can withstand exceeds the dynamic stress protection threshold value, this indicates an internal overvoltage in the battery cell. At this time, on the one hand, the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the upper control circuit, and on the other hand, the state protection circuit 1065 controls the single cell to stop charging or discharging, that is, to enter the sleep state.

[0050] Figure 2 shows a circuit block diagram of the stress acquisition circuit 1024 in an embodiment of the present disclosure. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the stress acquisition circuit 1024 may include a bridge circuit 10242. The bridge circuit 10242 is connected to the single cell via an external sensor 10241, and the bridge circuit 10242 is configured to determine a strain voltage signal according to the strain information of the single cell detected by the external sensor 10241.

[0051] Generally, the resistance signal detected by the external sensor 10241 is very weak, and a dedicated circuit needs to be configured to measure this weak signal. The bridge circuit 10242 used in the embodiment of the present disclosure generates a strain voltage signal when receiving the resistance signal.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the external sensor 10241 is a stress sensor that is a thin-film strain gauge.

[0053] The external sensor 10241 may be provided on the housing of the single cell to detect the resistance signal generated by the strain inside the single cell. The external sensor 10241, that is, the thin-film strain gauge, can detect the resistance signal generated by the housing strain caused by the stress inside the single cell.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in Figure 2, the stress acquisition circuit 1024 further includes an amplification circuit 10243, a signal acquisition circuit 10246, a digital logic circuit 10247, and a communication interface 10248.

[0055] The bridge circuit 10242 is connected to an amplifier circuit 10243 for amplifying the strain voltage signal.

[0056] The signal acquisition circuit 10246 is connected to the amplifier circuit 10243, and the signal acquisition circuit 10246 is configured to acquire the strain voltage signal output by the amplifier circuit 10243 and convert the strain voltage signal into a digital signal form.

[0057] Note that the amplifier circuit 10243 outputs a strain voltage signal in analog signal form, and the signal acquisition circuit 10246 acquires the strain voltage signal and converts the strain voltage signal into a digital signal form.

[0058] The digital logic circuit 10247 is connected to the signal acquisition circuit 10246, and the digital logic circuit 10247 is configured to optimize and adjust the strain voltage signal in digital signal form.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the digital logic circuit 10247 may optimize and adjust the strain voltage signal in digital signal form, such as anti-aliasing, SNR adjustment, etc., whereby the strain voltage signal in digital signal form is output more stably.

[0060] The communication interface 10248 is connected to the digital logic circuit 10247, and the communication interface 10248 is configured to transmit the strain voltage signal in digital signal form to the processing circuit 101.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the stress acquisition circuit 1024 further includes an acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 and a wake-up reference circuit 10245.

[0062] The signal acquisition circuit 10246 is further configured to acquire the strain voltage signal output by the amplifier circuit 10243 when woken up and convert the strain voltage signal into a digital signal form.

[0063] The wake-up reference circuit 10245 is connected to the digital logic circuit 10247. The wake-up reference circuit 10245 stores a stress threshold in analog signal form and is configured to update the stress threshold in analog signal form according to the strain voltage signal in digital signal form sent by the digital logic circuit 10247.

[0064] The acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 is connected to the amplification circuit 10243, the wake-up reference circuit 10245, and the signal acquisition circuit 10246 respectively, and is configured to compare the amplified strain voltage signal with the stress threshold in analog signal form. When the amplified strain voltage signal exceeds the stress threshold in analog signal form, the acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 wakes up the signal acquisition circuit 10246 and disconnects the signal acquisition circuit 10246 when the acquisition is completed.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the stress threshold refers to a stress value that protects a single battery cell from damage. In the initial state, the processing circuit 101 sets the stress threshold according to the charge state of the single battery cell, that is, the processing circuit 101 sets the stress threshold in digital signal form to the wake-up reference circuit 10245 via the communication interface 10248 and the digital logic circuit 10247, and the wake-up reference circuit 10245 converts the stress threshold in digital signal form into the stress threshold in analog signal form and stores it.

[0066] The acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 is connected to the amplification circuit 10243, the wake-up reference circuit 10245, and the signal acquisition circuit 10246 respectively, and is configured to compare the amplified strain voltage signal with the stress threshold. When the amplified strain voltage signal exceeds the stress threshold, the acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 wakes up the signal acquisition circuit 10246.

[0067] When the amplified strain voltage signal is greater than the stress threshold value in analog signal form, this indicates that the stress exceeds the stress safety threshold value of the single cell. The acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 may turn on the signal acquisition circuit 10246. At this time, the signal acquisition circuit 10246 may acquire the amplified strain voltage signal and send it to the digital logic circuit 10247. The digital logic circuit 10247 optimizes and adjusts the strain voltage signal in digital signal form. On the one hand, the optimized and adjusted strain voltage signal is sent to the wake-up reference circuit 10245 to update the stress threshold value in analog signal form. On the other hand, the strain voltage value (i.e., the pressure inside the single cell) is sent to the processing circuit 101 via the communication interface 10248.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing circuit 101 is further configured to set the stress threshold value initially stored in the wake-up reference circuit 10245.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the initial state of the battery cell, the processing circuit 101 may send the initial stress threshold value to the wake-up reference circuit 10245 via the communication interface 10248 and the digital logic circuit 10247. Then, the wake-up reference circuit 10245 converts the stress threshold value into a stress threshold value in analog signal form.

[0070] Since the stress that the single cell can withstand at different usage times is different, the corresponding initial stress threshold values are also different. The processing circuit 101 may set the corresponding stress threshold value according to the charge state of the single cell. When the stress inside the single cell is within the safety threshold value, the acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 is in a sleep state. The acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 is released from the sleep state only when the stress inside the single cell exceeds the safety threshold value. Therefore, since the stress parameter of the single cell is acquired only when the stress safety threshold value is exceeded, the stress acquisition circuit 1024 does not need to continuously acquire the stress parameter of the single cell throughout the whole process, and the operating power consumption of the entire chip is reduced.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1, the battery cell management chip 10 communicates with the upper control circuit 20 via the wireless transmission circuit 104. The battery cell management chip 10 further includes a wireless transmission circuit 104, and the wireless transmission circuit 104 is connected to the processing circuit 101. The upper control circuit 20 can be a master control circuit in the battery management system BMS. The BMS can be connected to a plurality of battery cell management chips 10, and the wireless transmission circuit 104 may send information representing the battery cell itself, such as the operating parameters of a single battery cell and the SOC, to the upper control circuit 20, whereby the BMS may monitor the operating states of a plurality of single battery cells. Compared with the existing technologies for monitoring the operating state of the battery module, this can more accurately identify the cause of the abnormal operating state of the battery and improve the safety of the battery system.

[0072] It should be noted that the wireless transmission circuit 104 may perform bidirectional signal transmission, and similarly, the upper control circuit 20 may also send a control signal to the processing circuit 101 via the wireless transmission circuit 104 to control the single battery cell. In one embodiment, when the upper control circuit 20 needs to adjust the state of the battery cell from the operating state to the sleep state, a control signal may be sent to the processing circuit 101 via the wireless transmission circuit 104. When receiving the control signal, the processing circuit 101 controls the battery cell to enter the sleep state. Wireless control shortens the time and reduces the power compared with wired control.

[0073] In the present disclosure, since data is transmitted using wireless communication, first, insulation devices and electromagnetic interference (EMI) / electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) protection devices required due to noise coupling interference in a wired communication harness are reduced, the complexity of a battery sampling plate is reduced, and the application becomes more flexible. Second, compared with twisted pair daisy chain serial wired communication, wireless communication makes information exchange more flexible and convenient, enables natural time synchronization measurement, and supports more synchronization detection functions. Furthermore, this can improve the safety of the entire vehicle by avoiding the problem of multi-battery information loss in serial communication caused by a wiring harness. Finally, regarding the structure, the absence of complex wiring harnesses and connectors can improve the flexibility of the design and make maintenance management simpler and more convenient.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the wireless transmission circuit 104 is further configured to switch between different operating states according to a signal sent by the processing circuit 101. The different operating states include a sleep state, a non-sleep state, a synchronous transmission / reception mode, and a low power consumption mode.

[0075] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a single battery cell is switched to the sleep state, the control circuit 1013 may send a control signal to the wireless transmission circuit 104 to also enter the sleep state. It is also possible to switch to other operating states such as a non-sleep state, a synchronous transmission / reception mode, a (Tx only) transmission-only no-reception operation mode, and a (Rx only) reception-only no-transmission operation mode.

[0076] It should be noted that the wireless transmission circuit 104 in the present disclosure has characteristics of low power consumption, short distance, and high robustness, and operates in the ISM radio frequency band. Also, the transmission power can be selected within different power levels according to the transmission distance, and the operating power consumption of the entire chip is reduced.

[0077] FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a processing circuit 101 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing circuit 101 may include a calculation circuit 1011. The calculation circuit 1011 is configured to calculate the state of charge (SOC) of a single battery cell according to a parameter value of an operating parameter, determine a new dynamic protection threshold according to the SOC, and store the new dynamic protection threshold in a storage circuit 105.

[0078] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the operating parameter may be at least one of the voltage, temperature, current, and stress of a single battery cell. The calculation circuit 1011 may improve the estimation accuracy of the battery state by calculating the SOC of the single battery cell according to at least one of the voltage value, temperature value, current value, and stress value of the single battery cell. The calculation circuit 1011 stores a preset mapping relationship, that is, different SOCs correspond to different dynamic protection thresholds respectively. The preset mapping relationship may be stored in the form of a data table. The calculation circuit 1011 may determine a new dynamic protection threshold using a look-up data table. For example, when the calculated SOC is 60%, the dynamic protection threshold of the single battery cell corresponding to 60% can be queried through the data table. Based on this, the calculation circuit 1011 determines new dynamic protection thresholds (such as a dynamic voltage protection threshold, a dynamic temperature protection threshold, etc.) of the single battery cell according to different charge states of the single battery cell, stores this dynamic protection threshold in the storage circuit 105, and updates the dynamic protection threshold in the storage circuit 105 by covering the previous dynamic protection threshold with this dynamic protection threshold.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing circuit 101 further includes a warning circuit 1012. The warning circuit 1012 is configured to compare the parameter value of the operating parameter with the dynamic protection threshold for the operating parameter stored in the storage circuit 105, and send a warning message to the upper control circuit 20 according to the comparison result.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the warning circuit 1012 may compare the parameter value of the operating parameter acquired by the acquisition circuit 102 with the dynamic protection threshold stored in the storage circuit 105. For example, when the operating parameter includes a voltage parameter and the voltage value is higher than the previous dynamic voltage protection threshold in the storage unit, this indicates that the voltage of the current single battery cell is overvoltage, and the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the control circuit 1013 and / or the upper control circuit 20 (i.e., the master control circuit). Therefore, when the single battery cell is operating abnormally, this can be processed simultaneously by both the control circuit 1013 and the upper control circuit 20, so that even if either the control circuit 1013 or the upper control circuit 20 fails, the single battery cell can be processed, improving the efficiency of defect handling.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the warning circuit 1012 may determine whether the voltage of the single battery cell is outside the average voltage interval according to the average voltage interval value of the single battery cell sent by the upper control circuit 20 and received by the control circuit 1013. It should be noted that under normal circumstances, the average voltage interval of the single battery cell is [1.8v - 5.0v].

[0082] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing circuit 101 further includes a control circuit 1013. The control circuit 1013 is configured to control the dynamic protection circuit 106 to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell according to the warning message.

[0083] The control circuit 1013 may receive and process the warning message sent by the warning circuit 1012. In this process, the control circuit 1013 controls the dynamic protection circuit 106 to switch the state of the single battery cell to protect the single battery cell. For example, when the voltage of the single battery cell is overvoltage, the control circuit 1013 controls the single battery cell to stop discharging or charging to protect the voltage of the single battery cell.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the operating parameters further include at least one of voltage, current, and temperature. As shown in FIG. 1, the acquisition circuit 102 includes at least one of a voltage acquisition circuit 1021, a current acquisition circuit 1022, and a temperature acquisition circuit 1023. The specific combination method is not limited here.

[0085] The voltage acquisition circuit 1021 is configured to acquire the voltage value of a single battery cell. The current acquisition circuit 1022 is configured to acquire the current value of a single battery cell. The temperature acquisition circuit 1023 is configured to acquire the temperature value of a single battery cell. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the voltage acquisition circuit 1021 can obtain a voltage value by acquiring the potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes of a single battery cell. The current acquisition circuit 1022 acquires the current value of a single battery cell via a current sensor.

[0086] Since heat is released inside the battery cell during the charge-discharge process or the periodic discharge process, the temperature of the battery cell is different at different times, and the temperature acquisition circuit 1023 acquires the temperature value of the battery cell via a thermistor.

[0087] As shown in FIG. 1, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the acquisition circuit 102 further includes a multiplexer 1025 (MUX) with one end connected to the voltage acquisition circuit 1021, the current acquisition circuit 1022, the temperature acquisition circuit 1023, and the stress acquisition circuit 1024 respectively, and the other end connected to the processing circuit 101.

[0088] The processing circuit 101 is further configured to send a selection command to the MUX 1025. The MUX 1025 is configured to select any one of the voltage acquisition circuit 1021, the current acquisition circuit 1022, the temperature acquisition circuit 1023, and the stress acquisition circuit 1024 according to the selection command, and send the parameter value of the operating parameter of the single battery cell to the processing circuit 101.

[0089] MUX1025 refers to a circuit that can select any one of the channels as needed in the process of multi-channel data transmission, also known as a multiplexer or multiplexing switch. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, MUX1025 is a multiplexing NMOS or PMOS switch.

[0090] The selection instruction refers to an instruction sent by the processing circuit 101 to obtain any one of the operating parameters of a single battery cell. For example, MUX1025 receives a selection instruction to obtain the temperature value of a single battery cell, and by opening the loop of the temperature acquisition circuit 1023, the temperature acquisition circuit 1023 acquires the temperature of the single battery cell and sends it to the processing circuit 101.

[0091] As shown in FIG. 1, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit 106 includes an overvoltage protection circuit 1062.

[0092] The overvoltage protection circuit 1062 is configured to control the single battery cell to stop charging or discharging when the voltage value of the single battery cell exceeds the dynamic voltage protection threshold.

[0093] The dynamic voltage protection threshold refers to the maximum operating voltage of the single battery cell. In one embodiment, assuming that the dynamic voltage protection threshold of the single battery cell is 4.3V, when the voltage of the single battery cell exceeds 4.3V, the single battery cell is overvoltage. At this time, on the one hand, the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the upper control circuit 20, and on the other hand, the overvoltage protection circuit 1062 controls the single battery cell to stop discharging or charging.

[0094] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit 106 further includes at least one of an equalization circuit 1061, an overtemperature protection circuit 1063, an overcurrent protection circuit 1064, and a status protection circuit 1065.

[0095] When the voltage value of a single battery cell is outside the preset average voltage value range, the equalization circuit 1061 is configured to start a voltage equalization strategy so that the voltage of the single battery cell falls within the preset average voltage value range.

[0096] The preset average voltage value range refers to the normal range of the average voltage of each single battery cell. When the voltage of a single battery cell is outside the average voltage value range, this indicates that the current operating state of the single battery cell is abnormal. At this time, on the one hand, the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the upper control circuit 20, and on the other hand, the equalization circuit 1061 starts a voltage equalization strategy to keep the voltage of the single battery cell constant, maximize the discharge capacity of the battery, and extend the life of the battery.

[0097] When the temperature value of a single battery cell exceeds the dynamic temperature protection threshold, the over-temperature protection circuit 1063 is configured to control the single battery cell to enter the sleep state.

[0098] The dynamic temperature protection threshold refers to the maximum temperature that a single battery cell can withstand. Usually, the temperature of a single battery cell should not exceed 125 degrees Celsius, that is, the dynamic temperature protection threshold is 125 degrees Celsius. When the acquired temperature of a single battery cell exceeds 125 degrees Celsius, this indicates that the single battery cell is overheated. At this time, on the one hand, the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the upper control circuit 20, and on the other hand, the over-temperature protection circuit 1063 activates the battery thermal management system to lower the battery temperature. Alternatively, when the acquired temperature of a single battery cell exceeds the maximum allowable temperature, the circuit is automatically cut off, and the single battery cell is controlled to enter the sleep state.

[0099] When the current value of a single battery cell exceeds the dynamic current protection threshold, the over-current protection circuit 1064 is configured to control the single battery cell to stop charging or discharging.

[0100] The dynamic current protection threshold refers to the maximum current that a single battery cell can withstand. Usually, the current of a single battery cell does not exceed 5A, that is, the dynamic current protection threshold is 5A in the initial state and is updated according to the usage state of the single battery cell. In one embodiment, in the initial state, when the acquired current of the single battery cell is higher than 5A, this indicates that the single battery cell is overcurrent. At this time, on the one hand, the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the upper control circuit 20, and on the other hand, the overcurrent protection circuit 1064 controls the single battery cell to stop charging or discharging.

[0101] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the parameter value of the operation parameter acquired by any acquisition unit in the acquisition circuit 102 can be obtained by the multiplexer MUX according to the instruction of the control circuit 1013 in the processing circuit 101, and it is possible to obtain the parameter value according to the requirement of the control circuit 101. Also, the state of the single battery cell is monitored by the battery cell management chip, and the risk of losing the state information of the multi-battery string due to the failure of the single battery cell is reduced. Furthermore, the present disclosure uses wireless transmission techniques to enable the upper control circuit 20 to obtain the state information of the single battery cell at any time, thereby enabling the battery cell management system to monitor and manage each battery cell in real time, and the loss of information of the multi-battery string in serial communication by a complex wiring harness can be avoided, thereby enabling low-power operation to be achieved. Furthermore, by using the processing circuit 101 to estimate the state parameters of the single battery cell in real time and determine the dynamic protection threshold of the single battery cell according to the usage state, real-time acquisition of the dynamic protection threshold of the single battery cell can be achieved. Finally, the dynamic protection circuit 106 enables the single battery cell to always operate within the dynamic protection threshold, thereby achieving efficient use and protection of the battery and improving the service life of the battery.

[0102] One embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure also provides a battery system. FIG. 4 shows a battery system 2000 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This system is an acquisition, control, and transmission integrated battery system 2000 in which analog front-end (AFE) chips are independently deployed on each single battery cell 2001. The battery system 2000 includes a plurality of battery cells 2001, a plurality of battery cell management chips 10 connected to the plurality of battery cells 2001 in a one-to-one relationship, and a battery cell management system (EMS) 2003. The plurality of battery cells 2001 can form battery modules, and the plurality of battery modules can form a battery. Each battery cell 2001 is monitored and managed by a single battery cell management chip 10. Since the upper control circuit in the EMS and the control circuit in the battery cell management chip 10 communicate wirelessly through a wireless transmission circuit, the complexity of the conventional wiring harness connection is reduced, the convenience of communication is improved, and the maintenance management of the battery system 2000 is made more convenient.

[0103] One embodiment of the third aspect of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle. FIG. 5 shows a vehicle 3000 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The vehicle 3000 includes a battery system 2000 according to any one of the embodiments of the second aspect of the present disclosure described above, and the battery system 2000 supplies power to the vehicle 3000.

[0104] In this specification, various embodiments are described in a progressive form that emphasizes the differences between each embodiment and other embodiments. The same or similar parts between various embodiments may be referred to each other.

[0105] Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, further changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concept becomes well-known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed as including the preferred embodiments as well as any changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0106] Finally, relative terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action, and it should be noted that they do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms "comprising", "including" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device including a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising ~" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes such element.

[0107] Although detailed descriptions of the wireless management chip, battery system, and vehicle provided by the present disclosure have been presented, specific examples have been applied to explain the principles and implementation forms of the present disclosure, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only presented to help understand the method of the present disclosure and its core concepts. On the other hand, those skilled in the art may make changes in specific embodiments and application scopes according to the spirit of the present disclosure. That is, the above description should not be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

Description of Reference Numerals

[0108] 10 Battery cell management chip 20 Upper control circuit 101 Processing circuit 1011 Calculation circuit 1012 Warning circuit 1013 Control circuit 102 Acquisition circuit 1021 Voltage acquisition circuit 1022 Current acquisition circuit 1023 Temperature acquisition circuit 1024 Stress acquisition circuit 1025 Multiplexer 10241 External Sensor 10242 Bridge Circuit 10243 Amplification Circuit 10244 Acquisition Wake-up Circuit 10245 Wake-up Reference Circuit 10246 Signal Acquisition Circuit 10247 Digital Logic Circuit 10248 Communication Interface 103 Power Supply 104 Wireless Transmission Circuit 105 Memory Circuit 106 Dynamic Protection Circuit 1061 Equalization Circuit 1062 Overvoltage Protection Circuit 1063 Over-temperature Protection Circuit 1064 Overcurrent Protection Circuit 1065 State Protection Circuit

Claims

1. A battery cell management chip (10), wherein the battery cell management chip is connected to a single battery cell (2001), a processing circuit (101), an acquisition circuit (102) connected to the processing circuit (101), configured to acquire a parameter value of an operating parameter of the single battery cell (2001) and transmit the parameter value to the processing circuit (101), the acquisition circuit (102), a power supply (103) connected to the processing circuit (101), configured to supply power to the processing circuit (101), the power supply (103), a dynamic protection circuit (106) connected to the processing circuit (101), a memory circuit (105) connected to the processing circuit (101), configured to store a dynamic protection threshold for the operating parameter, the memory circuit (105) comprising, the processing circuit (101) compares the parameter value of the operating parameter with the dynamic protection threshold, controls the dynamic protection circuit (106) to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell (2001) according to the result of the comparison, determines a state of charge (SOC) of the single battery cell (2001) according to the parameter value of the operating parameter, and is configured to update the dynamic protection threshold of the single battery cell (2001) stored in the memory circuit (105) according to the SOC, the dynamic protection circuit (106) is configured to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell (2001) according to the dynamic protection threshold, the battery cell management chip (10).

2. The operating parameter comprises stress, and the acquisition circuit (102) comprises a stress acquisition circuit (1024) configured to acquire a stress value of the single battery cell (2001), the battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 1.

3. The dynamic protection circuit (106) comprises a state protection circuit (1065) configured to control the single battery cell (2001) to stop charging or discharging when the stress value of the single battery cell (2001) is greater than a dynamic stress protection threshold, the battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 2.

4. The stress acquisition circuit (1024) includes a bridge circuit (10242) connected to the single cell (2001) via an external sensor (10241), and the bridge circuit (10242) is configured to determine a strain voltage signal according to the strain information inside the single cell (2001) detected by the external sensor (10241). The battery cell management chip (30) according to claim 2 or 3.

5. The external sensor (10241) is a stress sensor, and the stress sensor is a thin-film strain gauge. The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 4.

6. The thin-film strain gauge is provided on the housing of the single cell (2001). The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 5.

7. The stress acquisition circuit (1024) is an amplification circuit (10243) connected to the bridge circuit (10242), and is configured to amplify the strain voltage signal. The amplification circuit (10243), is a signal acquisition circuit (10246) connected to the amplification circuit (10243), and is configured to acquire the strain voltage signal output by the amplification circuit (10243) and convert the strain voltage signal into a digital signal form. The signal acquisition circuit (10246), is a digital logic circuit (10247) connected to the signal acquisition circuit (10246), and is configured to optimize and adjust the strain voltage signal in the digital signal form. The digital logic circuit (10247), is a communication interface (10248) connected to the digital logic circuit (10247), and is configured to transmit the strain voltage signal in the digital signal form to the processing circuit (101). The communication interface (10248) The battery cell management chip (10) according to any one of claims 4 to 6 further includes.

8. When the signal acquisition circuit (10246) is woken up, it is further configured to acquire the strain voltage signal output by the amplification circuit (10243) and convert the strain voltage signal into the digital signal form. The stress acquisition circuit (1024) A wake-up reference circuit (10245) connected to the digital logic circuit (10247), which stores a stress threshold in analog signal form and is configured to update the stress threshold in analog signal form according to the strain voltage signal in digital signal form sent by the digital logic circuit (10247). An acquisition wake-up circuit (10244) connected to each of the amplifier circuit (10243), the wake-up reference circuit (10245), and the signal acquisition circuit (10246), which compares the amplified strain voltage signal with the stress threshold in analog signal form, and when the amplified strain voltage signal exceeds the stress threshold in analog signal form, wakes up the signal acquisition circuit (10246) and disconnects the signal acquisition circuit (10246) when the acquisition is completed. The acquisition wake-up circuit (10244). The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 7, further comprising the above.

9. The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 8, wherein the processing circuit (101) is further configured to set the stress threshold initially stored in the wake-up reference circuit (10245).

10. The battery cell management chip (10) further comprises a wireless transmission circuit (104) connected to the processing circuit (101), the wireless transmission circuit (104) is configured to perform wireless data transmission with a host control circuit (20), and the battery cell management chip (10) communicates with the host control circuit (20) via the wireless transmission circuit (104). The battery cell management chip (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 10, wherein the wireless transmission circuit (104) is further configured to switch between different operating states according to a signal sent by the processing circuit (101), and the different operating states include a sleep state, a non-sleep state, a synchronous transmission and reception mode, and a low power consumption mode.

12. The processing circuit (101) includes a calculation circuit (1011) configured to calculate the state of charge (SOC) of the single battery cell (2001) according to the parameter value of the operation parameter, determine a new dynamic protection threshold according to the SOC, and store the new dynamic protection threshold in the storage circuit (105). The battery cell management chip (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The processing circuit (101) further includes a warning circuit (1012) configured to compare the parameter value of the operation parameter with the dynamic protection threshold for the operation parameter stored in the storage circuit (105) and send a warning message to the upper control circuit (20) according to the result of the comparison. The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 12.

14. The processing circuit (101) further includes a control circuit (1013) configured to control the dynamic protection circuit (106) to adjust the operation state of the single battery cell (2001) according to the warning message. The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 13.

15. The operation parameter further includes at least one of voltage, current, and temperature, and the acquisition circuit (102) includes at least one of a voltage acquisition circuit (1021), a current acquisition circuit (1022), and a temperature acquisition circuit (1023). The voltage acquisition circuit (1021) is configured to acquire the voltage value of the single battery cell (2001), the current acquisition circuit (1022) is configured to acquire the current value of the single battery cell (2001), and the temperature acquisition circuit (1023) is configured to acquire the temperature value of the single battery cell (2001). The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 2.

16. The acquisition circuit (102) includes a multiplexer (1025). One end of the multiplexer (1025) is connected to each of the voltage acquisition circuit (1021), the current acquisition circuit (1022), the temperature acquisition circuit (1023), and the stress acquisition circuit (1024), and the other end of the multiplexer (1025) is connected to the processing circuit (101). The processing circuit (101) is further configured to send a selection command to the multiplexer (1025). The multiplexer (1025) is configured to select any one of the voltage acquisition circuit (1021), the current acquisition circuit (1022), the temperature acquisition circuit (1023), and the stress acquisition circuit (1024) according to the selection command, and transmit the parameter value of the operation parameter of the single battery cell (2001) to the processing circuit (101). The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 15.

17. The dynamic protection circuit (106) includes an overvoltage protection circuit (1062) configured to control the single battery cell (2001) to stop charging or discharging when the voltage value of the single battery cell (2001) exceeds a dynamic voltage protection threshold. The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 15 or 16.

18. The dynamic protection circuit (106) further includes at least one of an equalization circuit (1061), an overtemperature protection circuit (1063), and an overcurrent protection circuit (1064). The equalization circuit (1061) is configured to start a voltage equalization strategy so that the voltage value of the single battery cell (2001) is within a preset average voltage value range when the voltage value of the single battery cell (2001) is outside the preset average voltage value range. The overtemperature protection circuit (1063) is configured to control the single battery cell (2001) to enter a sleep state when the temperature value of the single battery cell (2001) exceeds a dynamic temperature protection threshold. The overcurrent protection circuit (1064) is configured to control the single battery cell (2001) to stop charging or discharging when the current value of the single battery cell (2001) exceeds a dynamic current protection threshold. The battery cell management chip (10) according to any one of claims 15 to 17.

19. A plurality of single battery cells (2001); A battery cell management system (2003); And a battery cell management chip (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 18. A battery system (2000) comprising the same.

20. A vehicle (3000) comprising the battery system (2000) according to claim 19.

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