Microbial Compositions and Methods

Abstract

The present disclosure provides novel compositions and methods comprising one or more microorganisms, and uses thereof. The present disclosure further provides compositions and methods for improving soil and enhancing one or more aspects of one or more plants or plant components in the soil. The present disclosure also provides kits for use with one or more compositions and / or methods disclosed herein.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 426,025, filed November 16, 2022, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 547,326, filed November 3, 2023, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties for all purposes. [Background technology]

[0002] Many microorganisms are known to have beneficial effects on plant growth and properties, and these microorganisms may also have beneficial effects on soil properties. Although compositions and methods utilizing such microorganisms have been described, there remains a need for improvement.

[0003] Incorporation by Reference All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The novel features of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. A better understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention will be obtained by reference to the following detailed description that sets forth illustrative embodiments, in which the principles of the invention are utilized, and the accompanying drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0005] [Figure 1a] A method for preparing a microbial composition from individual microbial stocks is presented. [Figure 1b] Methods for growing and treating microbial stocks are presented. [Figure 1c] A method for preparing a microbial composition is presented. [Figure 1d]Methods for combining one or more microorganisms with one or more heterologous components are presented. [Figure 2] Figure 1 shows the topography of a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree displaying 195 ribotype gene signatures representative of the OSL probiotic culture collection. [Figure 3] Indicates the water holding capacity of the soil sample. [Figure 4] Shown are the turfgrasses obtained from treated (right) and untreated (left) seeds. [Figure 5] 1 shows box plots showing biomass increase of treated plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0006] I. Compositions and Methods A. Microorganisms Provided herein are compositions and methods that include and / or utilize, or result from, one or more microorganisms in the germination, growth, maintenance, and / or use of plants, as well as other applications described herein. One or more microorganisms may be used in combination with any suitable plant(s) and soil or other growth medium in which the plant(s) are cultivated. As used herein, "microbe" or "microorganism" are used interchangeably and include the two prokaryotic domains, bacteria and archaea, as well as eukaryotic fungi and protists. When specific strains, deposits, etc. of microorganisms are described, this includes their progeny and / or variants. The terms "microbes," "microorganisms," "consortium of microbes," and "consortium of microorganisms" are used interchangeably herein and include a group of two or more different microorganisms. Unless otherwise indicated, the term "different microorganisms," as used herein, includes a microorganism that is taxonomically distinct from another microorganism, e.g., of a different class, order, family, genus, species, or strain. Unless otherwise indicated, the term "different microorganisms," as used herein, includes two or more microorganisms that are each taxonomically distinct from the other microorganism, e.g., of a different class, order, family, genus, species, or strain.

[0007] As used herein, the term "plant" includes the entire plant, its reproductive or developmental form or stage, or a part or fragment of a plant. Thus, the term "plant" may be used to encompass plant propagation material, seedlings, germplasm, tubers, mature plants, or parts or fragments thereof, including, but not limited to, hypocotyls, leaves, branches, stems, roots, heads / grains, crowns, tissue samples, seeds, fruits, nuts, flowers, or cones.

[0008] Any suitable microorganism can be used, such as bacteria, archaea, protozoa, algae, fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae), viruses, or combinations thereof. Preferably, the microorganism is a unicellular organism at some point in its life cycle, although microorganisms can also exist in multicellular states. In preferred embodiments, the compositions and / or methods include one or more bacteria.

[0009] In certain embodiments, one or more microorganisms are bacteria. In certain embodiments, one or more microorganisms are . In certain embodiments, one or more microorganisms are saprophytic. In certain embodiments, one or more microorganisms belong to the genus Streptomyces. The microorganism may be any suitable strain of Streptomyces, including, but not limited to, Streptomyces janthinus, Streptomyces cinerochromogenes, Streptomyces chromofuscus, Streptomyces atratus, Streptomyces aurantiogriseus, Streptomyces rimosus, Streptomyces venezuelae, Streptomyces violaceus, Streptomyces violascens, Streptomyces viridodiasticus, and Streptomyces griseus. In certain embodiments, one or more microorganisms are Streptomyces and one or more microorganisms are non-Streptomyces. In certain embodiments, the non-Streptomyces species is one or more of Pseudomonas, Microvirga, Micrococcus, Paenibacillus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillis, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the non-Streptomyces species is one or more of Pseudomonas, Microvirga, Micrococcus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillis, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the non-Streptomyces species is one or more of Microvirga, Micrococcus, Paenibacillus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillis, or a combination thereof.In certain embodiments, the non-Streptomyces genus is one or more of Micrococcus, Bradyrhizobium, or Pseudomonas, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the non-Streptomyces genus is Bradyrhizobium, Pseudomonas, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the non-Streptomyces genus comprises Bradyrhizobium. In certain embodiments, the non-Streptomyces genus comprises Pseudomonas.

[0010] Some of the microorganisms described in this application were deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, Va.) on November 15, 2022, and assigned the deposit numbers shown in Table 2. The deposits were made under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure.

[0011] In certain embodiments, one or more microorganisms are used that contain one or more 16S rRNA(s) gene sequences, as shown in Table 1.

[0012] [Table 1] TIFF2025539791000003.tif237170TIFF2025539791000004.tif237170TIFF2025539791000005.tif233168TIFF2025539791000006.tif234170TIFF2025539791000007.tif234169TIFF2025539791000008.tif234169TIFF2025539791000009.tif236169TIFF2025539791000010.tif234170TIFF2025539791000011.tif236169TIFF2025539791000012.tif234169TIFF2025539791000013.tif235168TIFF2025539791000014.tif235170TIFF2025539791000015.tif235169TIFF2025539791000016.tif236170TIFF2025539791000017.tif234168TIFF2025539791000018.tif235170TIFF2025539791000019.tif232170TIFF2025539791000020.tif235170TIFF2025539791000021.tif235170TIFF2025539791000022.tif236170TIFF2025539791000023.tif237170TIFF2025539791000024.tif235170TIFF2025539791000025.tif233170TIFF2025539791000026.tif233168TIFF2025539791000027.tif234170TIFF2025539791000028.tif235170TIFF2025539791000029.tif235170TIFF2025539791000030.tif235169TIFF2025539791000031.tif236170TIFF2025539791000032.tif236169TIFF2025539791000033.tif234170TIFF2025539791000034.tif235170TIFF2025539791000035.tif236170TIFF2025539791000036.tif236170TIFF2025539791000037.tif235170TIFF2025539791000038.tif233170TIFF2025539791000039.tif235170TIFF2025539791000040.tif236170TIFF2025539791000041.tif235170TIFF2025539791000042.tif234170TIFF2025539791000043.tif237168TIFF2025539791000044.tif234170TIFF2025539791000045.tif236170TIFF2025539791000046.tif233170TIFF2025539791000047.tif235170TIFF2025539791000048.tif235170TIFF2025539791000049.tif236169TIFF2025539791000050.tif236170TIFF2025539791000051.tif237170TIFF2025539791000052.tif236168TIFF2025539791000053.tif234169TIFF2025539791000054.tif235168TIFF2025539791000055.tif235170TIFF2025539791000056.tif234170TIFF2025539791000057.tif235169TIFF2025539791000058.tif237169TIFF2025539791000059.tif235170TIFF2025539791000060.tif237169TIFF2025539791000061.tif234169TIFF2025539791000062.tif235170TIFF2025539791000063.tif236169TIFF2025539791000064.tif235170TIFF2025539791000065.tif236170TIFF2025539791000066.tif238169TIFF2025539791000067.tif233170TIFF2025539791000068.tif235168TIFF2025539791000069.tif235170TIFF2025539791000070.tif234170TIFF2025539791000071.tif233169TIFF2025539791000072.tif234170TIFF2025539791000073.tif237170TIFF2025539791000074.tif237170TIFF2025539791000075.tif237170TIFF2025539791000076.tif235170TIFF2025539791000077.tif235170TIFF2025539791000078.tif236170TIFF2025539791000079.tif233170TIFF2025539791000080.tif234169TIFF2025539791000081.tif233170TIFF2025539791000082.tif235170TIFF2025539791000083.tif236170TIFF2025539791000084.tif235170TIFF2025539791000085.tif235170TIFF2025539791000086.tif235169TIFF2025539791000087.tif235169TIFF2025539791000088.tif233170TIFF2025539791000089.tif235170TIFF2025539791000090.tif234170TIFF2025539791000091.tif234170TIFF2025539791000092.tif234169TIFF2025539791000093.tif234169TIFF2025539791000094.tif234170TIFF2025539791000095.tif234170TIFF2025539791000096.tif234170TIFF2025539791000097.tif233169TIFF2025539791000098.tif235168TIFF2025539791000099.tif235170TIFF2025539791000100.tif235170TIFF2025539791000101.tif235169TIFF2025539791000102.tif235170TIFF2025539791000103.tif234170TIFF2025539791000104.tif233170TIFF2025539791000105.tif237169TIFF2025539791000106.tif234170TIFF2025539791000107.tif237169TIFF2025539791000108.tif233168TIFF2025539791000109.tif236170TIFF2025539791000110.tif235169TIFF2025539791000111.tif234170TIFF2025539791000112.tif234170TIFF2025539791000113.tif234169TIFF2025539791000114.tif235170TIFF2025539791000115.tif234168TIFF2025539791000116.tif235169TIFF2025539791000117.tif236170TIFF2025539791000118.tif237170TIFF2025539791000119.tif233169TIFF2025539791000120.tif233169TIFF2025539791000121.tif234168TIFF2025539791000122.tif237170TIFF2025539791000123.tif233170TIFF2025539791000124.tif236169TIFF2025539791000125.tif238170TIFF2025539791000126.tif235169TIFF2025539791000127.tif236169TIFF2025539791000128.tif235170TIFF2025539791000129.tif234168TIFF2025539791000130.tif235170TIFF2025539791000131.tif235169TIFF2025539791000132.tif233168TIFF2025539791000133.tif233169TIFF2025539791000134.tif234169TIFF2025539791000135.tif235170TIFF2025539791000136.tif234170TIFF2025539791000137.tif236168TIFF2025539791000138.tif234170TIFF2025539791000139.tif234169TIFF2025539791000140.tif235170TIFF2025539791000141.tif236170TIFF2025539791000142.tif235170TIFF2025539791000143.tif237170TIFF2025539791000144.tif238170TIFF2025539791000145.tif235170TIFF2025539791000146.tif235169TIFF2025539791000147.tif234170TIFF2025539791000148.tif235170TIFF2025539791000149.tif237169TIFF2025539791000150.tif236170TIFF2025539791000151.tif233170TIFF2025539791000152.tif235170TIFF2025539791000153.tif235170TIFF2025539791000154.tif235169TIFF2025539791000155.tif238170TIFF2025539791000156.tif236170TIFF2025539791000157.tif235170TIFF2025539791000158.tif237170TIFF2025539791000159.tif235170TIFF2025539791000160.tif233168TIFF2025539791000161.tif235168TIFF2025539791000162.tif235170TIFF2025539791000163.tif235168TIFF2025539791000164.tif237170TIFF2025539791000165.tif238169TIFF2025539791000166.tif238168TIFF2025539791000167.tif236170TIFF2025539791000168.tif235169TIFF2025539791000169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70TIFF2025539791000176.tif234168TIFF2025539791000177.tif235168TIFF2025539791000178.tif235169TIFF2025539791000179.tif233169TIFF2025539791000180.tif235169TIFF2025539791000181.tif234168TIFF2025539791000182.tif237170TIFF2025539791000183.tif235170TIFF20 25539791000184.tif236170TIFF2025539791000185.tif236169TIFF2025539791000186.tif233169TIFF2025539791000187.tif235170TIFF2025539791000188.tif234170TIFF2025539791000189.tif235170TIFF2025539791000190.tif236169TIFF2025539791000191.tif233170TIFF202553979 1000192.tif235170TIFF2025539791000193.tif234169TIFF2025539791000194.tif236169TIFF2025539791000195.tif234170TIFF2025539791000196.tif237169TIFF2025539791000197.tif236168TIFF2025539791000198.tif235170TIFF2025539791000199.tif236168TIFF2025539791000200.tif236170TIFF2025539791000201.tif233170TIFF2025539791000202.tif236170TIFF2025539791000203.tif237170TIF F2025539791000204.tif235168TIFF2025539791000205.tif235170TIFF2025539791000206.tif235170TIFF202553979100 0207.tif235170TIFF2025539791000208.tif234170TIFF2025539791000209.tif237170TIFF2025539791000210.tif2361 68TIFF2025539791000211.tif234169TIFF2025539791000212.tif235170TIFF2025539791000213.tif234170TIFF2025539 791000214.tif233170TIFF2025539791000215.tif236170TIFF2025539791000216.tif235169TIFF2025539791000217.ti f235170TIFF2025539791000218.tif235170TIFF2025539791000219.tif236170TIFF2025539791000220.tif235170TIFF20 25539791000221.tif233168TIFF2025539791000222.tif235170TIFF2025539791000223.tif235170TIFF20255397910002 24.tif234170TIFF2025539791000225.tif235170TIFF2025539791000226.tif235170TIFF2025539791000227.tif210168.

[0013] In certain embodiments provided herein, the compositions or methods utilize one or more microorganisms. Any suitable microorganism may be used.

[0014] [Table 2] TIFF2025539791000229.tif89168

[0015] Each of the deposits, O-46 through O140, has been deposited by Oath, Inc. or its predecessor or agent since prior to the filing date of this application at either 568 Duncan Farms Rd., Steele, AL 35987, 4136 E Bujia Segunda, Tucson, AZ 85718, or 505 Coastal South Blvd., La Jolla, CA 92307. During prosecution of the application, access to these deposits will be available upon request to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and to any person determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto, as well as to equivalent entities and persons outside the United States. If the request in the application is granted, the applicant(s) will make each of the deposits, O-46 through O140, available to the public without restriction at the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, Va.) or other depository pursuant to the Budapest Treaty. The bacteria deposited with ATCC will be taken from the same deposit as the deposit maintained at the location indicated above. Further, applicant will meet all requirements of 37 CFR § 1.801-1.809, including demonstrating the viability of the sample at the time of deposit.

[0016] The said bacterial deposits will be kept in a public depository, the ATCC, or another depository pursuant to the Budapest Treaty, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years from the date of the most recent request, or for the life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced if they become non-viable during that period. Applicant will not impose any restrictions on the availability of the deposited material, except that applicant is not authorized to waive any restrictions imposed by law on the transfer or commercial transportation of biological material.

[0017] In certain embodiments, in addition to the Streptomyces bacteria, one or more mycorrhizae, such as one or more mycorrhizal fungi, are used. As used herein, the term "mycorrhizae" or "mycorrhizal fungi" includes fungal cells associated with the roots of plants. The mycorrhizae can be endomycorrhizae or ectomycorrhizae. The mycorrhizae can be either arbuscular endomycorrhizae, ericoid endomycorrhizae, arbutoid endomycorrhizae, monotropoid mycorrhizae, orchid mycorrhizae, or endo-ectomycorrhizae. In certain embodiments, the mycorrhizae are identified from the FungalRoot database (Soudzilovskaia et al. (2020) New Phytologist;<https: / / www.gbif.org / dataset / 744edc21-8dd2-474e-8a0b-b8c3d56a3c2d> ) In a particular embodiment, endomycorrhizal fungi belonging to the phylum Glomeromycota are used.

[0018] B. Compositions Comprising One or More Microorganisms 1. Microbial composition Microbial compositions are provided herein.

[0019] In certain embodiments, at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, or 60 species, and / or 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or Compositions are provided that contain up to 100 different Streptomyces microorganisms, preferably 2 to 100 different species, more preferably 5 to 100 different species, even more preferably 5 to 80 different species, even more preferably 5 to 40 different species, even more preferably 10 to 80 different species, even more preferably 10 to 70 different species, even more preferably 10 to 60 different species, even more preferably 10 to 40 different species, and even more preferably 10 to 30 different Streptomyces microorganisms. Any suitable microorganisms, as described herein, may be used. In certain embodiments, the compositions further contain cells of one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms. Any suitable non-Streptomyces microorganisms, as described herein, may be used. In certain embodiments, the two or more microorganisms are heterologous to one another. In certain embodiments, the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms include Pseudomonas, Microvirga, Micrococcus, Paenibacillus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillis microorganisms, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise a Pseudomonas, Microvirga, Micrococcus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillis microorganism, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise a Microvirga, Micrococcus, Paenibacillus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillis microorganism, or a combination thereof.

[0020] In certain embodiments, provided herein are compositions comprising one or more Streptomyces microorganisms, wherein the one or more Streptomyces microorganisms comprise a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence that is at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.5% identical, or 100% identical, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identical to one or more nucleic acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 68-109 and 120-196.

[0021] In certain embodiments, compositions are provided comprising a microorganism of the Streptomyces species and at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, and / or up to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, preferably 2 to 8, more preferably 2 to 6, even more preferably 3 to 8, e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 8, additional microorganisms selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas species, Microvirga species, Paenibacillus species, Aureimonas species, Bradyrhizobium species, Rhodococcus species, Amycolatopsis species, and Lysinibacillis species. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the Pseudomonas species. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the Microvirga species. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the Micrococcus species. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the Paenibacillus species. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the Aureimonas species. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the Bradyrhizobium species. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the Rhodococcus species. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the Lysinibacillis species.

[0022] In certain embodiments, compositions are provided comprising one or more Streptomyces strain microorganisms and at least one non-Streptomyces species microorganism, wherein the non-Streptomyces species is a nitrogen-fixing species. In certain embodiments, the nitrogen-fixing non-Streptomyces species comprises a microorganism of the species Pseudomonas, Microvirga, Bradyrhizobium, Aureimonas, Paenibacillus, and / or Lysinibacillus. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the species e. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the species Microvirga. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the species Aureimonas. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the species Paenibacillus. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the species Bradyrhizobium. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microorganism of the species Lysinibacillis.

[0023] In certain embodiments, provided herein are compositions comprising one or more microorganisms having ATCC deposit numbers 1 to 45, deposited under ATCC numbers PTA-127367 to 127413, respectively, and / or one or more microorganisms having OATH-46 to OATH-140, as set forth in Table 2.

[0024] In embodiments comprising one or more Streptomyces microorganisms, any suitable Streptomyces microorganism may be used. The microorganism may be one or more Streptomyces species and / or one or more Streptomyces strains. In particular embodiments, the microorganism is at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, or 60 species, e.g., at least 5 species, or at least 10 species, or at least 15 species, or at least 20 species, and / or .... The microorganisms are 8, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 100 or less species, preferably 2 to 100 species, more preferably 5 to 100 species, even more preferably 5 to 80 species, even more preferably 5 to 40 species, even more preferably 10 to 80 species, even more preferably 10 to 70 species, even more preferably 10 to 60 species, and even more preferably 10 to 30 different Streptomyces strains. In certain embodiments, the Streptomyces microorganism is Streptomyces antibioticus B, Streptomyces bacillaris, Streptomyces bikiniensis, Streptomyces cavourensis, Streptomyces fimbriatus, Streptomyces flavoviridis, Streptomyces globosus, Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus, Streptomyces griseofuscus, Streptomyces griseoincarnatus, Streptomyces griseoviridis A, Streptomyces labedae, Streptomyces lydicus, Streptomyces misionensis, Streptomyces nigra, Streptomyces rochei, Streptomyces sp. OATH_5, Streptomyces sp. OATH_7, Streptomyces sp. OATH_8, Streptomyces sp. OATH_9,Streptomyces species OATH_10, Streptomyces species OATH_11, Streptomyces species OATH_12, Streptomyces species OATH_13, Streptomyces species OATH_17, Streptomyces species OATH_19, Streptomyces species OATH_20, Streptomyces species OATH_22A, Streptomyces species OATH_22B, Streptomyces species OATH_23, Streptomyces species OATH_26, Streptomyces species OATH_27, Streptomyces species OATH_28, Streptomyces species OATH_30, Streptomyces species OATH_31, Streptomyces species OATH_34, Streptomyces species OATH_36, Streptomyces species OATH_37, Streptomyces species OATH_38, Streptomyces species OATH_39, Streptomyces species OATH_40, Streptomyces species OATH_41, Streptomyces species OATH_42, Streptomyces species OATH_43, Streptomyces species OATH_44, Streptomyces species OATH_46, Streptomyces species OATH_47, Streptomyces species OATH_48, Streptomyces species OATH_49, Streptomyces species OATH_50, Streptomyces species OATH_52, Streptomyces species OATH_57, Streptomyces species OATH_58, Streptomyces species OATH_59, Streptomyces species OATH_60, Streptomyces species OATH_61, Streptomyces species OATH_62, Streptomyces species OATH_63, Streptomyces species OATH_64, Streptomyces species OATH_65, Streptomyces species OATH_66, Streptomyces species OATH_A, Streptomyces species OATH_B, Streptomyces species OATH_C, Streptomyces species OATH_D, Streptomyces species OATH_E, Streptomyces species OATH_FStreptomyces species OATH_G, Streptomyces sp001509795, Streptomyces sp900105755, and び / またはStreptomyces violaceorectusのうちのmore than 1 species of microorganism をcontains. Specified form, Streptomyces microorganism, OATH_5, Streptomyces species OATH_7, Streptomyces species OATH_8, Streptomyces species OATH_9, Streptomyces species OA TH_10, Streptomyces species OATH_11, Streptomyces species OATH_12, Streptomyces species OATH_13, Streptomyces species OATH_17, Streptomyces species OATH_1 9. Streptomyces species OATH_20, Streptomyces species OATH_22A, Streptomyces species OATH_22B, Streptomyces species OATH_23, Streptomyces species OATH_26, Streptomyces species OATH_27, Streptomyces species OATH_28, Streptomyces species OATH_30, Streptomyces species OATH_31, Streptomyces species OATH_34, Streptomyces species OATH_30 ptomyces species OATH_36, Streptomyces species OATH_37, Streptomyces species OATH_38, Streptomyces species OATH_39, Streptomyces species OATH_40, Streptom yces species OATH_41, Streptomyces species OATH_42, Streptomyces species OATH_43, Streptomyces species OATH_44, Streptomyces species OATH_46, Streptomyces Species OATH_47, Streptomyces species OATH_48, Streptomyces species OATH_49, Streptomyces species OATH_50, Streptomyces species OATH_52, Streptomyces species OAT H_57, Streptomyces species OATH_58, Streptomyces species OATH_59, Streptomyces species OATH_60, Streptomyces species OATH_61, Streptomyces species OATH_62,The microorganisms include one or more of Streptomyces species OATH_63, Streptomyces species OATH_64, Streptomyces species OATH_65, Streptomyces species OATH_66, Streptomyces species OATH_A, Streptomyces species OATH_B, Streptomyces species OATH_C, Streptomyces species OATH_D, Streptomyces species OATH_E, Streptomyces species OATH_F, and Streptomyces species OATH_G. In certain embodiments, a Streptomyces strain of a Streptomyces microorganism has a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NOs: 68-109 and 120-196.

[0025] In embodiments comprising one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms, any suitable non-Streptomyces microorganism may be used. In particular embodiments, the one or more non-Streptomyces microbial strains of microorganisms comprise Pseudomonas, Microvirga, Micrococcus, Paenibacillus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillis strains, or combinations thereof. In particular embodiments, the one or more non-Streptomyces microbial strains of microorganisms comprise Microvirga, Micrococcus, Paenibacillus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillis strains, or combinations thereof.

[0026] In embodiments comprising microorganisms of one or more Pseudomonas strains, any suitable strain(s) of Pseudomonas may be used. Particular embodiments utilize cells (microorganisms) of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18 Pseudomonas strains, and / or up to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, or 24 Pseudomonas strains. In particular embodiments, the one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms comprise a first microorganism of a first Pseudomonas strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms comprise a second microorganism of a second Pseudomonas strain that is different from the first strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms comprise a third microorganism of a third Pseudomonas strain that is different from the first and second strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms include a fourth microorganism of a fourth Pseudomonas strain that is different from the first, second, and third strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms include a fifth microorganism of a fifth Pseudomonas strain that is different from the first, second, third, and fourth strains. In certain embodiments, the Pseudomonas strain microorganism includes one or more of the following microorganisms: Pseudomonas E sp003253735, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas koreensis, Pseudomonas poae, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_2, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_3, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_4, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_6, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_14, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_15, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_16, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_45, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_51, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_53, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_55, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_56, Pseudomonas sp. 002836515, and / or Pseudomonas straminea is used.In certain embodiments, the microorganism(s) of a Pseudomonas strain have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NOs: 39-67.

[0027] In embodiments comprising one or more strains of Microvirga microorganisms, any suitable strain(s) of Microvirga may be used. In particular embodiments, the Microvirga strain comprises Microvirga species OATH1. In particular embodiments, the Microvirga strain microorganism(s) have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NO: 38.

[0028] In embodiments comprising microorganisms of one or more Micrococcus strains, any suitable strain(s) of Micrococcus may be used. In particular embodiments, cells (microorganisms) of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18 Micrococcus strains and / or up to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, or 24 Micrococcus strains are used. In particular embodiments, the one or more Micrococcus microorganisms comprise a first microorganism of a first Micrococcus strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Micrococcus microorganisms comprise a second microorganism of a second Micrococcus strain that is different from the first strain. In particular embodiments, the Micrococcus strain microorganism comprises a Micrococcus luteus microorganism. In certain embodiments, the microorganism(s) of the Micrococcus strain have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NOs: 118-119.

[0029] In embodiments comprising microorganisms of one or more Paenibacillus strains, any suitable strain(s) of Paenibacillus may be used. Particular embodiments utilize cells (microorganisms) of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18 Paenibacillus strains, and / or up to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, or 24 Paenibacillus strains. In particular embodiments, the one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms comprise a first microorganism of a first Paenibacillus strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms comprise a second microorganism of a second Paenibacillus strain that is different from the first strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms comprise a third microorganism of a third Paenibacillus strain that is different from the first and second strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms include a fourth microorganism of a fourth Paenibacillus strain that is different from the first, second, and third strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms include a fifth microorganism of a fifth Paenibacillus strain that is different from the first, second, third, and fourth strains. In certain embodiments, the Paenibacillus strain microorganisms include one or more microorganisms of Paenibacillus cellulositrophicus A and / or Paenibacillus illinoisensis. In certain embodiments, the microorganism(s) of the Paenibacillus strain have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NOs: 10-17.

[0030] In embodiments comprising microorganisms of one or more Aureimonas strains, any suitable strain(s) of Aureimonas may be used. Particular embodiments utilize cells (microorganisms) of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18 Aureimonas strains, and / or up to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, or 24 Aureimonas strains. In particular embodiments, the one or more Aureimonas microorganisms comprise a first microorganism of a first Aureimonas strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Aureimonas microorganisms comprise a second microorganism of a second Aureimonas strain that is different from the first strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Aureimonas microorganisms comprise a third microorganism of a third Aureimonas strain that is different from the first and second strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Aureimonas microorganisms include a fourth microorganism of a fourth Aureimonas strain that is different from the first, second, and third strains. In certain embodiments, the Aureimonas strain microorganism includes a microorganism of Aureimonas A sp001425485. In certain embodiments, the Aureimonas strain microorganism(s) have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NOs: 18-21.

[0031] In embodiments comprising microorganisms of one or more Bradyrhizobium strains, any suitable strain(s) of Bradyrhizobium may be used. Particular embodiments utilize cells (microorganisms) of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18 Bradyrhizobium strains, and / or up to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, or 24 Bradyrhizobium strains. In particular embodiments, the one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms comprise a first microorganism of a first Bradyrhizobium strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms comprise a second microorganism of a second Bradyrhizobium strain that is different from the first strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms comprise a third microorganism of a third Bradyrhizobium strain that is different from the first and second strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms include a fourth microorganism of a fourth Bradyrhizobium strain that is different from the first, second, and third strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms include a fifth microorganism of a fifth Bradyrhizobium strain that is different from the first, second, third, and fourth strains. In certain embodiments, the Bradyrhizobium strain microorganisms include one or more microorganisms of Bradyrhizobium denitrificans and / or Bradyrhizobium elkanii. In certain embodiments, the microorganism(s) of a Bradyrhizobium strain have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NOs: 22-37.

[0032] In embodiments comprising microorganisms of one or more Rhodococcus strains, any suitable strain(s) of Rhodococcus may be used. Particular embodiments utilize cells (microorganisms) of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18 Rhodococcus strains, and / or up to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, or 24 Rhodococcus strains. In particular embodiments, the one or more Rhodococcus microorganisms comprise a first microorganism of a first Rhodococcus strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Rhodococcus microorganisms comprise a second microorganism of a second Rhodococcus strain that is different from the first strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Rhodococcus microorganisms comprise a third microorganism of a third Rhodococcus strain that is different from the first and second strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Rhodococcus microorganisms include a fourth microorganism of a fourth Rhodococcus strain that is different from the first, second, and third strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Rhodococcus microorganisms include a fifth microorganism of a fifth Rhodococcus strain that is different from the first, second, third, and fourth strains. In certain embodiments, the Rhodococcus strain microorganisms include one or more microorganisms of Rhodococcus erythropoli and / or Rhodococcus qingshengii. In certain embodiments, the microorganism(s) of the Rhodococcus strain have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NOs: 116-117.

[0033] In embodiments comprising microorganisms of one or more Amycolatopsis strains, any suitable strain(s) of Amycolatopsis may be used. Particular embodiments utilize cells (microorganisms) of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18 Amycolatopsis strains, and / or up to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, or 24 Amycolatopsis strains. In particular embodiments, the one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms comprise a first microorganism of a first Amycolatopsis strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms comprise a second microorganism of a second Amycolatopsis strain that is different from the first strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms comprise a third microorganism of a third Amycolatopsis strain that is different from the first and second strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms include a fourth microorganism of a fourth Amycolatopsis strain that is different from the first, second, and third strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms include a first microorganism of a fifth Amycolatopsis strain that is different from the first, second, third, and fourth strains. In certain embodiments, the Amycolatopsis strain microorganisms include one or more microorganisms of Amycolatopsis lurida and / or Amycolatopsis_OATH_54. In certain embodiments, the microorganism(s) of the Amycolatopsis strain have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NOs: 110-115.

[0034] In embodiments comprising microorganisms of one or more Lysinibacillus strains, any suitable strain(s) of Lysinibacillus may be used. Particular embodiments utilize cells (microorganisms) of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18 Lysinibacillus strains, and / or up to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, or 24 Lysinibacillus strains. In particular embodiments, the one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms comprise a first microorganism of a first Lysinibacillus strain. In particular embodiments, the one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms comprise a second microorganism of a second Lysinibacillus strain that is different from the first strain. In certain embodiments, the one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms include a third microorganism of a third Lysinibacillus strain that is different from the first and second strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms include a fourth microorganism of a fourth Lysinibacillus strain that is different from the first, second, and third strains. In certain embodiments, the one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms include a fifth microorganism of a fifth Lysinibacillus strain that is different from the first, second, third, and fourth strains. In certain embodiments, the Lysinibacillus strain microorganisms include microorganisms of Lysinibacillus capsici. In certain embodiments, the microorganism(s) of the Lysinibacillus strain have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100%, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NOs: 1-9.

[0035]

[0036] In certain embodiments, the microorganisms included in the compositions herein are biologically pure. As used herein, a "pure" or "biologically pure" organism or population of organisms (e.g., a microorganism or population of microorganisms) includes a population of organisms that is free of other species or types. A "substantially pure culture" includes a culture that is substantially free of microorganisms other than the desired strain(s) (e.g., other microorganisms may be present, but not in amounts and / or forms that interfere with the intended use of the culture). A substantially pure culture includes a culture that is substantially free of other contaminants (which may include microbial contaminants and undesirable chemical contaminants).

[0037] In certain embodiments, the microorganisms contained in the compositions herein are isolated. As used herein, the terms "isolate," "isolated," "isolated microorganism," "isolated microorganism," and similar terms include the meaning that one or more microorganisms are separated from at least one of the substances with which they are associated in a particular environment (e.g., soil, water, plant tissue). Thus, an "isolated microorganism" does not exist in its natural environment; rather, the microorganism is removed from its natural environment and placed in a non-natural state.

[0038] In certain embodiments, the microorganisms of the compositions or methods are heterologous to one another and / or to the soil, plant, plant part, seed, seedling, plant propagule, or other material associated with the microorganisms, and in certain embodiments, at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 100 species of the compositions or methods, and / or 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, or The 140 or fewer species, preferably 2 to 140 species, more preferably 2 to 100 species, even more preferably 2 to 80 species, even more preferably 2 to 60 species, even more preferably 2 to 40 species, e.g., at least 2 species, preferably at least 3 species, more preferably at least 4 species, even more preferably at least 5 species, even more preferably at least 7 species, and even more preferably at least 10 species, are heterologous to each other or to the soil, plant, plant part, seed, seedling, plant propagation material, or other material associated with the microorganisms. As used herein, the terms "heterologous," "exogenous," and the like, when referring to a material associated with a second material, include material that is not naturally associated with the second material. Thus, if a microorganism does not naturally occur in association with a particular plant, plant part (e.g., root), seed, etc., or is not present in the specified number, the microorganism is considered heterologous to the plant or plant part (e.g., root, seed, etc.); in some cases, a microbial population may contain microorganisms that are heterologous to the material and microorganisms that are not heterologous to the material (i.e., where the material is normally present). A microorganism may also be heterologous to another microorganism if the two do not naturally coexist or are not present in the specified numbers and / or ratios.

[0039] In certain embodiments, the total colony forming units (CFU) per gram of the microbial composition is 10 4 , 10 5 , 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 1010 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , or 10 14 , and / or 10 5 , 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , 10 14 , 10 15 , or 10 16 less than or equal to 10 4 ~10 11 , more preferably 10 4 ~10 9 , more preferably 10 5 ~10 9 , and even more preferably 10 5 ~10 8 , and even more preferably 10 5 ~10 8 In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 10 8 In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 10 CFU. 9 In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 10 CFU. 9 In certain embodiments, each of the different microorganisms (e.g., microorganisms of a particular strain) comprises at least 10 CFU. 4 , 10 5 , 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , or 10 14 , and / or 10 5 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , 10 14 , or 1015 CFU / gm of the composition, preferably 10 6 ~10 15 , more preferably 10 7 ~10 14 , more preferably 10 7 ~10 13 CFU / gm of the composition, and even more preferably 10 7 ~10 11 , and even more preferably 10 8 ~10 11 CFU / gm of the composition. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 95%, or 100%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, and even more preferably at least 50% of the microorganisms of different strains in the composition are present in a ratio (CFU to CFU) of 20:1 to 1:20, preferably 10:1 to 1:10, more preferably 5:1 to 1:5, even more preferably 2:1 to 1:2, even more preferably 1.5:1 to 1:1.5, and even more preferably 1.25:1 to 1:1.25. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 95%, or 100%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, and even more preferably at least 50%, of the microorganisms in the composition are present in a weight ratio of 20:1 to 1:20, preferably 10:1 to 1:10, more preferably 5:1 to 1:5, even more preferably 2:1 to 1:2, even more preferably 1.5:1 to 1:1.5, and even more preferably 1.25:1 to 1:1.25. As used herein, the term "colony-forming unit" or "CFU" includes microbial cells that are viable, i.e., capable of multiplying by binary fission under suitable conditions. Methods for determining the number of CFUs in a sample are well known in the art.

[0040] In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a liquid medium in which one or more microorganisms, e.g., as described above, are distributed. In certain embodiments, the liquid medium is heterologous to the microorganisms in the composition. In certain embodiments, the liquid medium comprises an aqueous medium. In certain embodiments, the aqueous medium comprises a combination of media in which one or more microorganisms having designation numbers 1 to 45 (ATCC Nos. PTA-127367 to PTA-127411) and / or one or more microorganisms having designation numbers O-46 to O-140 have been grown.

[0041] 2. Dry composition In certain embodiments, the composition is a dry composition. Typically, a dry composition contains 10% or less water by weight. In certain embodiments, the composition contains less than 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.2, 0.1%, 0.05%, 0.01%, 0.005%, 0.001%, 0.0005%, or 0.0001% (by weight) of water, for example, less than 0.1%, preferably less than 0.05%, more preferably less than 0.01%, even more preferably less than 0.005%, even more preferably less than 0.001%, and even more preferably less than 0.0005%. In certain embodiments, the composition contains less than 5%, for example, less than 4%, less than 3%, or less than 2% water. In certain embodiments, the composition contains less than 1% water. In certain embodiments, the composition contains less than 0.5% water. In certain such embodiments, the composition consists essentially of one or more microorganisms, e.g., the composition is produced from a combination of different liquid media containing the microorganisms (in some cases, the media in which the microorganisms are grown are subsequently treated to achieve a desired dryness), and the composition may contain one or more components from the media and / or other components that do not substantially affect the basic and novel properties of the composition.

[0042] 3. Particle composition. In certain embodiments, provided herein are compositions comprising particles, for example, particles comprising one of the microbial compositions provided herein. As used herein, "particle(s)" includes individual objects larger than atoms or molecules. Particles can be macroscopic or microscopic in size. "Particle size" includes sizes measured by methods used in the art, particularly by sieving.

[0043] In certain embodiments, provided herein are compositions comprising a plurality of particles, each particle comprising one or more microorganisms. The particles of the composition may be of any suitable size; in some cases, the particles are all within a particular size range; in other cases, the particles may exist as two or more populations, each within a different size range. In certain embodiments, the particles are at least 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 220, 250, 370, 300, or 400 μm, and / or 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 220, 250, 370, 300, or 400 μm. The median particle size is 0, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 220, 250, 270, 300, 400, or 500 μm, for example, 20 to 500 μm, preferably 90 to 270 μm, more preferably 140 to 220 μm, even more preferably 160 to 200 μm, and even more preferably 170 to 190 μm. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 97, 98, or 99%, and / or up to 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 97, 98, 99, 99.5, or 100%, or 100%, for example 10-100%, preferably 20-100%, more preferably 50-100%, even more preferably 80-100%, and even more preferably 90-100%, of the particles are at least 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 460, 470, 480, 490, 510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580, 590, 600, 610, 620, 630, 640, 650, 660, 670, 680, 690, 710, , 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 220, 250, 370, 300, or 400 μm, and / or 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 220, 250, 270, 300, 400, or 500 μm, for example, 20 to 500 μm, preferably 90 to 270 μm, more preferably 140 to 220 μm, even more preferably 160 to 200 μm, and even more preferably 170 to 190 μm.

[0044] In certain embodiments, e.g., embodiments in which the composition comprises at least 60, 70, 80, 90, 92, 95, 97, 98, 99, or 99.5%, or 100% microorganisms (wt %), the particles may have a mean or median particle size of at least 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, or 20 μm, and / or 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, or 40 μm, preferably 0.2-40 μm, more preferably 0.5-20 μm, even more preferably 1-20 μm, even more preferably 1-15 μm, even more preferably 2-15 μm, and even more preferably 2-12 μm.

[0045] In certain embodiments, for example, in compositions for aerial application and / or in some delayed release compositions, larger particles may be used, e.g., particles having an average or median size of at least 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, or 7000 μm, and / or Larger particles may be used, such as particles up to 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 7000, or 10,000 μm, or even larger, e.g., 200-10,000 μm, preferably 500-5000 μm, and more preferably 1000-10,000 μm. Such larger particle compositions may be useful, for example, to allow release of microorganisms in more than one batch, as the particles are exposed to conditions such that some microorganisms may be released from the surface of the particles while others are retained within the particles until the conditions occur again (e.g., rainfall, irrigation, etc.; see below). For any composition using multiple particle populations with different particle sizes, it will be understood that any suitable size may be used in the composition.

[0046] Certain particulate compositions are dry compositions. Certain particulate compositions consist essentially of a microbial composition. Certain particulate compositions include a microbial composition containing one or more agricultural adjuvants.

[0047] 4. Delayed-Release Compositions In certain embodiments, a delayed-release composition is provided. A "delayed-release" composition, as that term is used herein, includes a composition that does not release at least a portion of its active ingredient (e.g., microorganism) upon first exposure to the environment or upon first exposure to an environmental trigger in the environment in which the composition is used. In certain embodiments, the delayed-release composition may release a portion of its active ingredient (e.g., microorganism) upon first exposure unless an additional portion is released, while in other embodiments, it does not release any of the active ingredient (e.g., microorganism) upon first exposure. Any suitable materials and configurations may be used, so long as not all of the microorganisms are released upon initial exposure to the use environment or environmental trigger. Materials useful for providing delayed-release compositions are well known in the art, and many of these are useful in pharmaceutical formulations, although suitable modifications, if necessary, will be readily apparent. Generally, the materials and / or configurations of such compositions are such that the microorganisms are trapped within the composition under normal manufacturing and shipping conditions, but at least a portion of the microorganisms are released upon exposure to one or more environmental triggers, i.e., one or more conditions found in the use environment. Any suitable trigger may be used, such as water, electromagnetic radiation (e.g., sunlight or specific wavelengths of sunlight), temperature, or air (e.g., if the particles are relatively unexposed to air during shipping or storage (e.g., enclosed in an airtight bag), they begin to degrade upon exposure to air (e.g., when placed in the environment of use)), or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the environmental trigger is water, for example, obtained from rainfall, irrigation, etc. Generally, "exposure" to or triggering an environmental trigger includes exposure of the composition sufficient for the process to occur that releases the microorganisms.

[0048] In certain embodiments, a delayed-release composition is provided comprising a plurality of particles, each particle comprising a composition comprising a microorganism, the plurality of particles comprising a first population of particles, each particle comprising one or more first components configured to entrap at least some of the microorganisms within the particle, the one or more first components being such that upon exposure to one or more environmental triggers, sufficient integrity is lost such that at least some of the entrapped microorganisms are released from the particle. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a microbial composition described herein. In certain embodiments, the first component is configured to entrap at least 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, or 99% of the microorganisms, e.g., at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, and even more preferably at least 95%. Any suitable configuration of the first component may be used. In certain embodiments, the first component forms a shell, and the microorganisms are entrapped within the shell, embedded in the shell, and / or bound to the surface of the shell. In certain embodiments, the one or more first components form a matrix in which the microorganisms are embedded or bound. In certain embodiments, the one or more first components form multiple lamellae, and the particles are trapped between and / or embedded in and / or bound to the surfaces of the lamellae. It will be understood that any or all of these may be combined within a particle. In certain embodiments, the environmental trigger includes water, air, temperature, electromagnetic radiation, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the environmental trigger is water, e.g., rainwater, irrigation water, or even humidity in the air. In certain embodiments, exposure to the trigger is sufficient to release all the microorganisms, while in other embodiments, repeated exposure and / or exposure periods are required. Thus, for example, the composition may be formulated to remain intact until the first rainfall, at which point most or all of the particles in the composition are exposed to water.The components and configuration can be such that all of the microorganisms are released upon the first rainfall, or the components and configuration can be such that repeated rainfall, or rainfall of a duration sufficient to keep the composition exposed to water for an extended period of time, is required to release all of the microorganisms. In certain embodiments, one or more first components and / or configurations of the particles are such that exposure to a trigger causes a loss of integrity sufficient to release at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 97, 98, or 99%, and / or no more than 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 97, 98, 99, or 100% of the microorganisms. In certain embodiments, 30-100% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 50-100% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 80-100% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 90-100% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 5-80% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 5-60% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 5-40% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 10-40% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 5-30% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 10-30% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 5-25% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, 10-25% of the microorganisms are released. In certain embodiments, the composition further comprises a second population of particles, each particle of the second population comprising one or more second components configured to confine at least some microorganisms to the particle, wherein the one or more second components are resistant to exposure to one or more environmental triggers that cause the first component of the first population to lose its integrity, but are such that upon further exposure to the one or more environmental triggers, at least some of the confine- ed microorganisms lose their integrity sufficiently to be released from the particles of the second population. In certain embodiments, 5-80% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-60% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-40% of the microorganisms are further released.In certain embodiments, 10-40% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-30% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 10-30% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-25% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 10-25% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, the composition includes a third particle population, each particle of the third population comprising one or more third components configured to trap at least some of the microorganisms in the particle, wherein the one or more third components survive exposure to one or more environmental triggers that cause the first and second components of the first and second populations to lose their integrity, but upon further exposure to the one or more environmental triggers, lose sufficient integrity such that at least some of the trapped microorganisms are released from the particles of the third population. In certain embodiments, 5-80% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-60% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-40% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 10-40% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-30% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 10-30% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-25% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 10-25% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, the composition further comprises a fourth population of particles, each particle of the fourth population comprising one or more fourth components configured to trap at least some of the microorganisms in the particle, the one or more fourth components surviving exposure to one or more environmental triggers that cause the first, second, and third components of the first, second, and third populations to lose their integrity, but such that upon further exposure to the one or more environmental triggers, at least some of the trapped microorganisms lose their integrity sufficiently to be released from the particles of the fourth population. In certain embodiments, 5-80% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-60% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-40% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 10-40% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-30% of the microorganisms are further released.In certain embodiments, 10-30% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 5-25% of the microorganisms are further released. In certain embodiments, 10-25% of the microorganisms are further released.

[0049] 5. A composition comprising one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants. Provided herein are compositions comprising a microorganism, such as those described above, and one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants. An "agriculturally acceptable adjuvant," as the term is used herein, includes a natural or synthetic organic or inorganic material with which an active compound (e.g., one or more microorganisms disclosed herein) is combined, for example, to facilitate their production, storage, use, etc., so that the material can be used under desired conditions, such as conditions under which a plant is grown or maintained, or conditions under which a plant is intended to be grown or maintained. Thus, in certain embodiments, provided herein are compositions comprising any one of the compositions described above that comprise one or more microorganisms and further comprise one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants. It is understood that in certain cases, such as delayed-release compositions containing one or more components that trap microorganisms and release them upon exposure to one or more environmental triggers, certain components may already be considered agriculturally acceptable adjuvants, and in such cases, one or more additional components that are considered agriculturally acceptable adjuvants may be used.

[0050] Any suitable adjuvant may be used. In certain embodiments, at least one of the agriculturally acceptable adjuvants is heterologous to one or more microorganisms of the composition. In certain embodiments, the one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants include one or more liquid carriers, solid carriers, surfactants, viscosity modifiers, thickeners, rheological additives, structuring agents, preservatives, biocides or biostatic agents, antifreeze, crystallization inhibitors, suspending agents, dyes, antioxidants, foaming agents, light absorbers, light screening agents, mixing aids, antifoaming agents, complexing agents, neutralizing or pH adjusting substances and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, fragrances, wetting agents, absorption promoters, micronutrients, plasticizers, glidants, lubricants, and dispersants, emulsifiers, carriers, stabilizers, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants include one or more surfactants. Any suitable surfactant may be used. Generally, a surfactant is desirable to facilitate dissolution of or emulsion formation with ingredients, and suitable surfactants do so without affecting the viability of one or more microorganisms, or without affecting viability to an extent that interferes with the intended use of the composition. Surfactants belong to various classes, such as cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, ionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants. The surfactant can be any surfactant or combination of two or more surfactants useful for dispersing microorganisms and / or other components in a composition or tank mix for application. Any suitable concentration of surfactant can be used, for example, at least 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, or 15%, and / or up to 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, or 20% w / w, for example, 0.5-20%, preferably 1-10%, more preferably 2-8%, even more preferably 3-8%, and even more preferably 5-7%.Nonionic surfactants suitable for the present invention include ethoxylated linear alcohols, ethoxylated alkylphenols, alkyl EO / PO copolymers, polyalkylene glycol monobutyl ether ethoxylated fatty acids / oils, sorbitan laurate, polysorbates, sorbitan oleate, ethoxylated fatty acid alcohols or alkylphenols, alkanolamides or alkylamides (such as diethanolamide, lauric acid monoisopropanolamide, and ethoxylated myristate amide), oxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers (such as alkylaryl polyglycol ethers), alkylphenol / alkylene oxide adducts (such as nonylphenol ethoxylate), alcohol / alkylene oxide adducts (such as tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate). Anionic surfactants include alkyl sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, and aryl sulfonates, or salts thereof (e.g., lauryl sarcosinate, alkyl benzene sulfonate, dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate (e.g., dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate), or C. 14-16Examples of suitable surfactants include sodium, potassium, or calcium salts of olefin sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkylaryl sulfates, and aryl sulfates, or their salts (e.g., sodium, potassium, or calcium salts of tridecethosulfate, lauryl sulfate, decyl sulfate, and diethanolammonium lauryl sulfate), protein hydrolysates, derivatives of polycarboxylic acids (e.g., ammonium lauryl ether carboxylate), olefin sulfonates (e.g., sodium α-olefin sulfonate), sarcosinates (e.g., ammonium cyclohexyl palmitoyl taurate), succinates (e.g., disodium N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate), and phosphorus derivatives (e.g., phosphate esters and their equivalent salts). Cationic surfactants include alkylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, ammonium lauryl sulfate, and lauramine oxide.Further examples of surfactants include nitrogen surfactant blends such as Prefer 28 (Cenex), Surf-N (US), Inhance (Brandt), P-28 (Wilfarm), and Patrol (Helena), esterified seed oils such as Sun-It II (AmCy), MSO (UAP), Scoil (Agsco), Hasten (Wilfarm), and Mes-100 (Drexel), and organosilicone surfactants such as Silwet L77 (UAP), Silikin (Terra), Dyne-Amic (Helena), Kinetic (Helena), Sylgard 309 (Wilbur-Ellis), and Century (Precision), polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, Tween 20, Tween 80, Scattics, Alktest TW20, Canarcel, Peogabsorb 80, Triton X-100, Conco NI, Dowfax 9N, Igebapl CO, Makon, Neutronyx 600, Nonipol NO, Plytergent B, Renex 600, Solar NO, Sterox, Serfonic N, T-DET-N, Tergitol NP, Triton N, IGEPAL CA-630, Nonident P-40, Pluronic.

[0051] In certain embodiments, the one or more surfactants comprise a nonionic, cationic, or anionic surfactant, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more surfactants comprise Tween 20 or Tween 80. In certain embodiments, the one or more surfactants comprise soy lecithin or itran powder, or derivatives thereof, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more surfactants are organic surfactants. In certain embodiments, the total concentration of the one or more surfactants is at least 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 wt. % and / or 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 wt. %, for example, 0.5 to 10 wt. %, preferably 1 to 3 wt. %, more preferably 1.8 to 2.2 wt. %.

[0052] In certain embodiments, the composition comprising one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants is a solid composition. In certain embodiments, the composition comprising one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants is a liquid composition.

[0053] In certain embodiments, the composition comprising one or more auxiliary agents comprises one or more carriers.As used herein, the term "carrier" includes a substance that one or more microorganisms are associated with in such a manner that they are carried together, and this association may be merely physical, for example, the physical bond between the microorganism and the carrier, or alternatively, or in addition, this association may be chemical, for example, non-covalent bond such as adsorption, or covalent bond.In certain embodiments, the composition is a solid composition, one or more solid carriers may be used.Any suitable solid carrier may be used. Exemplary solid carriers include monosaccharides or disaccharides such as glucose, mannose, lactose, sucrose, etc.; oligosaccharides or polysaccharides such as maltodextrin or pectin, or carbohydrates including oligosaccharides or polysaccharides derived from one or more plant materials; talc, titanium dioxide, pyrophyllite clay, attapulgite clay, diatomaceous earth, silica (silicon dioxide), limestone, bentonite, calcium montmorillonite, water-soluble salts such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, or ammonium salts of acetate, carbonate, chloride, citrate, phosphate, or sulfate, e.g., calcium carbonate; plant parts such as cottonseed hulls, wheat flour, soybean flour, wood flour, ground walnut shells, lignin, and similar substances, yeast extract, fish meal, pumice, or mixtures thereof. In certain embodiments, the carrier comprises alcohol and / or sugars, e.g., inulin, glycerol, and / or monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, or polysaccharides. In certain embodiments, the carrier comprises glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, and / or galactose. In certain embodiments, the carrier comprises glucose. In certain embodiments, the concentration of the carrier in the composition is at least 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, or 99% by weight, and / or 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 100% by weight or less, for example, 50 to 100% by weight, preferably 70 to 100% by weight, more preferably 80 to 100% by weight, even more preferably 90 to 100% by weight, and even more preferably 95 to 100% by weight.

[0054] In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a monosaccharide (e.g., glucose), an emulsifier (surfactant) (e.g., soybean lecithin), and a microorganism. In certain embodiments, the monosaccharide is present in at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.5%, and / or no more than 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 99.5, or 99.9%, e.g., 90-99%, preferably 85-99%, more preferably 90-99%, even more preferably 90-98%, even more preferably 90-96%, and even more preferably 90-94%, and certain In embodiments, the emulsifier is present at at least 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, or 5%, and / or no more than 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 7%, for example, 0.1-5%, preferably 0.1-4%, more preferably 0.1-3%, and even more preferably 0.5-3%. In certain embodiments, the microorganisms are at least 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10%, and / or no more than 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, or 15%, for example, 0.1-15%, preferably 0.5-12%, more preferably 0.5-10%, even more preferably 1-12%, even more preferably 1-10%, even more preferably 2-10%, and even more preferably 4-8%.

[0055] In certain embodiments, the one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants include one or more materials that protect the microorganisms from one or more aspects of the environment in which the microorganisms are stored and / or used. In certain embodiments, the one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants include a light absorber or light blocker, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the light absorber or light blocker protects the microorganisms in the composition from ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In some of these embodiments, the microorganisms are encapsulated within the material, e.g., the material forms an opaque or translucent shell. Alternatively or additionally, the material may be a UV absorber within the shell, or as a matrix or similar in which the microorganisms reside. In certain embodiments, the one or more materials are such that they release some or all of the microorganisms upon exposure to one or more environmental triggers, e.g., one or more of the environmental triggers described herein. In certain embodiments, the one or more environmental triggers include water.

[0056] In certain embodiments, a composition comprising one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants is stable for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 days, or 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 months, or 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 years, at a temperature between 4° C. and 37° C., for example, for at least 1 week, preferably at least 1 month, more preferably at least 6 months, even more preferably at least 12 months, and even more preferably at least 2 years, at a temperature between 4° C. and 37° C. The term "stable," as used herein with respect to a composition, includes that the composition retains sufficient viability to be used for its intended purpose.

[0057] In certain embodiments, the composition comprises an antifreeze agent for refrigerated storage, e.g., below -5, -10, -15, -20, -25, -30, -40, -50, -60, -70, or -80°C, e.g., below -5°C, preferably below -10°C, more preferably below -15°C, and even more preferably below -20°C. Such agents may be considered "agriculturally acceptable adjuvants" within the meaning of the term as used herein, in that they generally maintain one or more microorganisms in a form viable for their intended use, even after the microorganisms have undergone growth and further processing steps. In certain embodiments, the antifreeze agent comprises glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea, calcium chloride, sodium nitrate, magnesium chloride, and ammonium sulfate. In certain embodiments, the antifreeze agent comprises glycerol. In certain embodiments, glycerol is present at a concentration of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 35, 40, or 45%, and / or no more than 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50%, for example, 1-50%, preferably 10-30%, more preferably 15-25%, and even more preferably 18-22% (by weight). In some of these embodiments, the composition comprises only one strain of microorganism.

[0058] Certain embodiments provide a plurality of particles comprising a composition comprising one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants described herein and a composition comprising a microorganism, for example, one of the microbial compositions described herein.

[0059] 6. Compositions containing additional microorganisms. In certain embodiments, methods and compositions are provided that utilize any one of the compositions described above and further comprise an additional microorganism. In certain embodiments, compositions are provided that comprise one or more microorganisms as described above and further comprise cells of one or more additional microbial species or strains that are different from one or more microorganisms with designation numbers 1-45 (ATCC Nos. PTA-127367 to PTA-127411) and / or one or more microorganisms with designation numbers O-46 to O-140. In certain embodiments, the additional microbial species includes a fungus, a bacterium, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the additional microbial species includes a fungus. In certain embodiments, the fungus includes a mycorrhizal fungus.

[0060] 7. Seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagules and one or more microorganisms In certain embodiments, seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material are provided that contain a microorganism from any one of the microbial compositions described herein, including, but not limited to, sections IB1-6, e.g., IB1, IB5, or IB6. The term "plant propagation material," as used herein, includes any plant material used for plant propagation, including, but not limited to, seeds, seedlings, and stem cuttings. In certain embodiments, populations of seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material are provided that contain a composition containing a plurality of microorganisms as described, including, but not limited to, sections IB1-6, e.g., IB1, or IB5, or IB6, where at least some of the microorganisms in the composition are associated with the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material. In certain cases, for example, when using a large number of different microorganisms, it will be understood that individual seeds, seedlings, or plant propagation material will not necessarily contain all of the different microorganisms; this is acceptable as long as a sufficient number of different microorganisms, preferably all of the microorganisms, are included in the overall population so that the microorganisms function for the desired purpose.Thus, in certain embodiments, at least 50, 60, 70, 80, 85, 90, 95, 97, or 99%, or 100%, such as at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 85%, and even more preferably at least 90%, of the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagules of the population are identified as different microorganisms from one or more microorganisms having designations 1 to 45 (ATCC Nos. PTA-127367 to PTA-127411), respectively, and / or their associated designations O-46 to O-140. At least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, and even more preferably 80%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, and even more preferably at least 50% of one or more microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the microorganisms are present on each seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material in an amount of at least 10, 100, 200, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 10,000, 20,000, or 50,000, and / or 100, 200, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, or 1M The CFU are present in an average total amount, for example, 10-1 M, preferably 100 to 500,000, more preferably 500 to 500,000, even more preferably 1000 to 500,000, even more preferably 5000 to 500,000, and even more preferably 5000 to 1 M. In certain embodiments, the population of seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material comprises one or more microorganisms having designations 1 to 45 (ATCC Nos. PTA-127367 to PTA-127411) and / or one or more microorganisms having designations O-46 to O-140.In certain embodiments, the microorganisms of the composition are disposed on the surface, pores, or combinations thereof of seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, 50,000, 100,000, or 1M seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies, for example, at least 1000, preferably at least 10,000, and more preferably at least 100,000. In certain embodiments, the composition is configured for atmospheric deposition, e.g., atmospheric deposition of seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies comprising the microorganisms described herein, so that a desired proportion of the deposited seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies are positioned to germinate and grow under suitable conditions. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises seeds, and the seeds are contained in bags or containers suitable for commercial sale. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, such as at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, and even more preferably at least 80%, of the different microorganisms are heterologous to the seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material include seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material of a particular plant or plant class. Any suitable plant or plant class may be used, such as any of the plants or plant classes in Section IB10 below. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material include seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material of grasses or trees. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material include grass seeds. The term "grass," as used herein, includes monocotyledonous plants used for lawns, turf, or animal feed, such as pasture, forage, and rangeland grasses, and also includes monocotyledonous plants that inhabit grasslands, as well as wetlands, forests, and tundra. The term "grass," as used herein, does not include cultivated cereal crops. The term "turf," as used herein, includes grasses used as planted surfaces for sports and other recreational playing fields, e.g., fields, courses (e.g., golf courses), and pitches. "Grassland" includes grass-dominated biomes such as temperate or tropical grasslands, including, but not limited to, savannas, pampas, steppes, and prairies. In certain embodiments, the grass seeds include grass seeds. In certain embodiments, tree seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material. In certain embodiments, the composition includes tree seeds. In certain embodiments, the composition includes tree seedlings. In certain embodiments, the composition includes seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material of a commercial crop. The term "commercial crop," as used herein, includes plants where the plant, or one or more parts of the plant, are directly or indirectly sold in a market or used in a commercial endeavor (e.g., grains (cereals), vegetables, etc., as described in more detail below). In certain cases, the commercial crop is intended for consumption by animals, e.g., domestic animals or humans. As used herein, the term "farmed animals" includes commercially raised avian and mammalian animals, including, but not limited to, chickens, game birds, poultry such as geese, turkeys, and ducks, goats, sheep, alpacas, cattle, bison, horses, and pigs. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include grain crops.In certain embodiments, the cereal crop includes corn, sweet corn, popcorn, seed corn, silage corn, field corn, rice, wheat, barley, or sorghum. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes berries. In certain embodiments, the berries include blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, loganberries, huckleberries, cranberries, gooseberries, elderberries, currants, caneberries, or bush berries. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes oilseed plants. In certain embodiments, the oilseed plants are canola, castor, coconut, cotton, flax, oil palm, olives, peanuts, rapeseed, safflower, sesame, sunflower, or soybeans. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes nuts. In certain embodiments, the nuts include almonds, pistachios, pecans, walnuts, hazelnuts, chestnuts, cashews, beechnuts, butternuts, or macadamia nuts. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a Brassica vegetable. In certain embodiments, the Brassica vegetable includes broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, kale, mustard greens, or kohlrabi. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a Cucurbit vegetable. In certain embodiments, the Cucurbit vegetable includes a cucumber, cantaloupe, melon, cantaloupe, pumpkin, watermelon, squash, or eggplant. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a bulb vegetable. In certain embodiments, the bulb vegetable includes an onion, garlic, or shallot. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a citrus fruit. In certain embodiments, the citrus fruit includes an orange, grapefruit, lemon, tangerine, tangelo, or pummelo. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a fruit vegetable. In certain embodiments, the fruit vegetable includes a pepper, tomato, ground cherry, tomatillo, okra, or grapes. In particular embodiments, the commercial crop includes a legume such as a bean or a vegetable.In certain embodiments, legumes or vegetables such as beans include kidney beans, snow peas, hulled peas, soybeans, dry beans, chickpeas, lima beans, peas, garbanzo beans, split peas, lentils, or peanuts. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include pome fruits. In certain embodiments, pome fruits include apples, wild apples, pears, quince, or hawthorn. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include root, tuber, or corm vegetables. In certain embodiments, root, tuber, or corm vegetables include carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, sugar beets, ginger, wasabi, radish, ginseng, or turnips. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include stone fruits. In certain embodiments, stone fruits include apricots, cherries, jalapenos, peas, plums, prunes, or strawberries. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes grass. In certain embodiments, the grass includes grass for livestock feed. In certain embodiments, the grass includes turfgrass. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes trees. In certain embodiments, the trees include evergreen trees. In certain embodiments, the trees include deciduous trees. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes herbs or spices. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes cannabis. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes ornamental plants. In certain embodiments, ornamental plants include flowering plants, shrubs, or bushes. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes energy or feedstock plants. In certain embodiments, the energy or feedstock plants include corn, canola, sugarcane, sunflower, safflower, Jatropha, castor, oil palm, coconut, wild flax, jatropha, olive, or flax. In certain cases, the energy or feedstock plants are for use in the production of biofuels.

[0061] 8. A plant or plant part and one or more microorganisms (optionally including soil). In certain embodiments, a composition is provided comprising a plant or plant part and one or more microorganisms from the microbial compositions described herein, including, but not limited to, sections IB1-6, such as IB1, IB5, or IB6. The plant part may be, for example, a plant root. The microorganism may be located on or within the root, for example, as a rhizosphere bacterium.

[0062] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant part is provided that comprises one or more microorganisms of any one of the microbial compositions disclosed herein, including, but not limited to, sections IB1-6, e.g., IB1, or IB5, or IB6, disposed on or within the plant or plant part. In certain embodiments, the one or more microorganisms are disposed on or within a plant part, including a plant root. In certain embodiments, at least 1, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, e.g., at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, and even more preferably at least 80%, of the different microorganisms are heterologous to the plant or plant part. In certain embodiments, the one or more microorganisms are at least 10, 100, 200, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , and / or 100, 200, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 1011 , 10 12 , 10 13 , 10 14 , 10 15 , or 10 16 CFU / gram dry weight of root or less, e.g., 10-10 16 , preferably 100 to 10 16 , more preferably 100 to 10 16 , and even more preferably 100,000 to 10 16 , more preferably 10 6 ~10 16 , and even more preferably 10 7 ~10 16 , and even more preferably 10 12 ~10 16In certain embodiments, the composition further comprises a mycorrhizal fungus. The plant may be any suitable plant, such as those described in Section B.10. In certain embodiments, the plant is a grass. In certain embodiments, the grass is a prairie grass. In certain embodiments, the grass is a turfgrass. In certain embodiments, the plant is a tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is a deciduous tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is an evergreen tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is a forest tree. In certain embodiments, the plant is a commercial crop. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a grain crop. In certain embodiments, the grain crop includes corn, sweet corn, popcorn, seed corn, silage corn, field corn, rice, wheat, barley, or sorghum. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a berry. In certain embodiments, the berry includes a blueberry, blackberry, raspberry, loganberry, huckleberry, cranberry, gooseberry, elderberry, currant, caneberry, or bush berry. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an oilseed plant. In certain embodiments, the oilseed plant is canola, castor, coconut, cotton, flax, oil palm, olive, peanut, rapeseed, safflower, sesame, sunflower, or soybean. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a nut. In certain embodiments, the nut comprises an almond, pistachio, pecan, walnut, hazel, chestnut, cashew, beechnut, butternut, or macadamia nut. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a Brassica vegetable. In certain embodiments, the Brassica vegetable comprises broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, kale, mustard greens, or kohlrabi. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a Cucurbit vegetable. In certain embodiments, the cucurbit vegetables include cucumber, cantaloupe, melon, cantaloupe, pumpkin, watermelon, squash, or eggplant. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes bulb vegetables. In certain embodiments, bulb vegetables include onion, garlic, or shallot. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes citrus fruits.In certain embodiments, citrus fruits include oranges, grapefruits, lemons, tangerines, tangelos, or pummelo. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include fruiting vegetables. In certain embodiments, fruiting vegetables include peppers, tomatoes, ground cherries, tomatillos, okra, or grapes. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include legumes or vegetables, such as beans. In certain embodiments, legumes or vegetables, such as beans, include kidney beans, snow peas, hulled peas, soybeans, dry beans, chickpeas, lima beans, peas, garbanzo beans, split peas, lentils, or peanuts. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include pome fruits. In certain embodiments, pome fruits include apples, wild apples, pears, quince, or hawthorn. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include root, tuber, or corm vegetables. In certain embodiments, root, tuber, or corm vegetables include carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, sugar beets, ginger, wasabi, radishes, ginseng, or turnips. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include stone fruits. In certain embodiments, stone fruits include apricots, cherries, jalapenos, peaches, plums, prunes, or strawberries. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include grasses. In certain embodiments, grasses include livestock feed grasses. In certain embodiments, grasses include turfgrass. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include evergreen trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include deciduous trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include herbs or spices. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include cannabis. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include ornamental plants. In certain embodiments, ornamental plants include flowering plants, shrubs, or bushes. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an energy or feedstock plant, hi certain embodiments, the energy or feedstock plant comprises corn, canola, sugarcane, sunflower, safflower, Jatropha, castor, oil palm, coconut, wild flax, jatropha, olive, or flax.In certain cases, the energy plant or feedstock plant is for use in the production of biofuel. In any of the above embodiments, the composition may include the roots of the plant and may further include soil in which the plant is growing or has been cultivated. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 0.1 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 0.5 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 1 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 2 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 3 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 5 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 7 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 10 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 15 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 20 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 50 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 100 cm of the plant root. In certain embodiments, the microorganisms in the composition comprise at least 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90% of the total number of microorganisms in the composition, including soil, for example, at least 0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.1%, at least 1%, preferably at least 2%, more preferably at least 5%, even more preferably at least 10%, even more preferably at least 20%, and even more preferably at least 40%. In certain embodiments, the composition further comprises mycorrhizal fungi. In certain embodiments, mycorrhizal fungi comprise at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90% of the total number of microorganisms in a composition comprising soil, such as at least 1%, preferably at least 2%, more preferably at least 5%, even more preferably at least 10%, even more preferably at least 20%, and even more preferably at least 40%.In certain embodiments, the non-microbial beneficial microorganisms of the composition comprising a microorganism are present at a concentration of at least 1M, 2M, 5M, 10M, 15M, 20M, 25M, 30M, 35M, 40M, 50M, 70M, or 100M, and / or no more than 2M, 5M, 10M, 15M, 20M, 25M, 30M, 35M, 40M, 50M, 70M, 80M, 100M, or 1 B per gram of dry weight soil, for example, 1M to 1 B per gram of dry weight soil, preferably 10M to 1 B, more preferably 20M to 1 B, even more preferably 20M to 100M, even more preferably 20M to 80M, and even more preferably 30M to 80M. In certain embodiments, the average density of the soil is at least 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1.45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, or 1.70, and / or 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1. 45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, 1.70, 1.75, 1.80, 1.85, 1.90, or 1.95 or less, for example, 1.0 to 1.90, preferably 1.05 to 1.85, more preferably 1.10 to 1.50, even more preferably 1.20 to 1.75, even more preferably 1.35 to 1.70, and still more preferably 1.55 to 1.85 g / cm. 3The soil dry weight. In certain embodiments, the soil has an average water-holding capacity (WHC) of at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% w / w and / or no more than 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% w / w, e.g., 20-70%, preferably 25-65%, more preferably 25-55%, even more preferably 30-65%, even more preferably 35-65%, and even more preferably 35-55%. As used herein, the "water-holding capacity" or "WHC" of a soil includes the weight percent of water contained in the soil or soil sample when the soil or soil sample is saturated with water. Water-holding capacity can be determined by any suitable method, for example, by exposing the soil or soil sample to enough water to saturate the soil, weighing the soil, and then drying the sample. Initial weight - dry weight / initial weight x 100 = WHC (%). In certain cases, other methods, such as a neutron probe or moisture meter, may be used. In certain embodiments, the average carbon content of the soil is at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20% and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, or 40% (wt / wt), for example, 5-30%, preferably 7-30%, more preferably 10-30%, and even more preferably 10-25%. In certain embodiments, the soil carbon content of the soil is at least 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 kg / m 3 soil, and / or 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 kg / m 3 For example, 0.5 to 40, preferably 2 to 40, more preferably 5 to 40, even more preferably 7 to 35, even more preferably 7 to 30, and even more preferably 7 to 25 kg / m 3The soil. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a significant amount or concentration of synthetic fertilizers or a detectable amount of synthetic fertilizers. The amount may be, for example, less than the amount allowed by local organic farming standards, which are well known. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a detectable amount or concentration of synthetic fertilizers. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a significant amount or concentration of herbicides, for example, synthetic herbicides. The amount may be, for example, less than the amount allowed by local organic farming standards, which are well known. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a detectable amount or concentration of herbicides, for example, synthetic herbicides. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a significant amount or concentration of pesticides, for example, synthetic pesticides. The amount may be, for example, less than the amount allowed by local organic farming standards, which are well known. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a detectable amount or concentration of pesticides, for example, synthetic pesticides. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a significant amount or concentration of insecticides, for example, synthetic insecticides. The amount may be less than that permitted, for example, by local organic farming standards, and such standards are well known. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a detectable amount or concentration of pesticides, for example, synthetic pesticides. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a significant amount or concentration of fungicides, for example, synthetic fungicides. The amount may be less than that permitted, for example, by local organic farming standards, and such standards are well known. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a detectable amount or concentration of fungicides, for example, synthetic fungicides. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a significant amount or concentration of fungicides, for example, synthetic fungicides. The amount may be less than that permitted, for example, by local organic farming standards, and such standards are well known. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a detectable amount or concentration of fungicides, for example, synthetic fungicides. In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain a significant amount or concentration of nematicides, for example, synthetic nematicides. The amount may be less than that permitted, for example, by local organic farming standards, which are well known.In certain embodiments, the soil does not contain any detectable amount or concentration of nematicides, such as synthetic nematicides.

[0063] In certain embodiments, provided herein are compositions comprising a plant (e.g., the plant or plant part is for animal consumption) and soil in which the plant is growing, wherein (i) the soil and / or the plant roots in the soil comprise one or more microorganisms heterologous to the soil and / or plant, and (ii) the plant or plant part comprises a higher concentration of one or more nutrients (e.g., one or more nutrients for animals) than the reference plant or plant part. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant and / or soil, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant and / or soil. , 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 or fewer different microorganisms, for example, at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably 10-140, more preferably 20-120, even more preferably 40-100, and even more preferably 50-100. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99% or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are rhizobacteria. In certain embodiments, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are saprophytic. In certain embodiments, the different microorganisms are Streptomyces.In certain embodiments, the composition comprises one or more different microorganisms, e.g., of the microbial compositions disclosed herein, including but not limited to sections IB1-6, e.g., IB1, or IB5, or IB6. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 2, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90 species, and / or no more than 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 95 species of one or more different microorganisms, such as at least 2 species, preferably at least 5 species, more preferably at least 10 species, even more preferably at least 20 species, even more preferably at least 30 species, even more preferably at least 50 species, or, for example, between 2 and 95 species, preferably between 10 and 95 species, more preferably between 20 and 95 species, even more preferably between 30 and 95 species, even more preferably between 40 and 95 species, and even more preferably between 50 and 95 species. In certain embodiments, the nutrient density of one or more animal nutrients is at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, or 400%, and / or 0, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 500, 700, or 1000% Hereinafter, this is, for example, at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 15%, even more preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 50%, or, for example, at least 5 to 1000%, preferably 5 to 700%, more preferably 10 to 1000%, even more preferably 10 to 700%, even more preferably 10 to 500%, and even more preferably 20 to 500%.In certain embodiments, the density of one or more nutrients is increased by at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, or 400%, and / or by no more than 0, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 500, 700, or 1000%, e.g. For example, by at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 15%, even more preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 50%, or for example, by at least 5-1000%, preferably 5-700%, more preferably 10-1000%, even more preferably 10-700%, even more preferably 10-500%, and even more preferably 20-500%. In certain embodiments, the animal includes a human or a farmed animal. In certain embodiments, the animal includes a human. In certain embodiments, the animal includes a farmed animal. In certain embodiments, the animal includes a cow, bison, goat, sheep, dairy cow, poultry (such as chicken, geese, and ducks), pig, or horse. In certain embodiments, the animal is a cow. In certain embodiments, the increased nutrient density includes increased protein density, increased mineral density, increased vitamin density, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the increased nutrient density includes increased protein density. In certain embodiments, increased nutrient density comprises increased vitamin density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin A density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B1 (thiamine) density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B2 (riboflavin) density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B3 (niacin, nicotinic acid) density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B6 (pyridoxal, pyridoxine, or pyridoxamine) density.In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B7 (biotin) density. In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B9 (folate) density. In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B. 12 In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin C density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased choline density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin D density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin E density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin K1 density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin K2 density. In certain embodiments, increased nutrient density includes increased mineral density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased calcium density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased magnesium density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased sodium density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased potassium density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased iron density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased copper density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased manganese density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased zinc density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased iodine density. In certain embodiments, the increased mineral density comprises an increased chromium density. In certain embodiments, the increased mineral density comprises an increased molybdenum density. In certain embodiments, the increased mineral density comprises an increased phosphorus density. In certain embodiments, the increased mineral density comprises an increased molybdenum density. In certain embodiments, the increased mineral density comprises an increased selenium density. The plant may be any suitable plant, for example, a plant as disclosed herein, for example, in Section 1.B.10.

[0064] 9. Plant and microbial populations (optionally including soil) In certain embodiments, compositions are provided that include a population of plants that contain microorganisms of a microbial composition described herein, including, but not limited to, sections IB1-6, e.g., IB1, or IB5, or IB6, and in certain cases, the soil in which the plants are growing or were growing. Thus, in certain embodiments, populations of plants are provided, in which the plants or plant parts contain microorganisms of a composition of sections IB1-6, e.g., IB1, or IB5, or IB6, disposed on or within the plants or plant parts. In certain embodiments, the population comprises at least 100, 1000, 5000, 10,000, 100,000, 500,000, 1M, 2M, 3M, 5M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 500M, 1B, 2B, 5B, 10B, 50B, 100B, 1T, 10T, 100T plants and / or 1000, 5000, 10,000, 100,000, 500,000, 1M, 2M, 3M, 5M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 500M, 1B, 2B, 5B, 10B, 50B, 100B, 1T, 10T, 100T, or 500 T plants, for example, 100 to 500 T, preferably 1000 to 500 T, more preferably 100,000 to 500 T, even more preferably 1 M to 500 T, even more preferably 1 B to 500 T, even more preferably 10 B to 500 T, and in some cases 1 M or more, for example, greater than 10 M, preferably greater than 100 M, more preferably greater than 1 B, even more preferably greater than 10 B, even more preferably greater than 100 B, even more preferably greater than 1 T, or even greater than 10 T, or greater than 100 T, or even greater than 500 T. Larger populations inhabit, for example, large farmlands, pastures, grasslands, forests, etc. In certain embodiments described elsewhere herein, the compositions described herein may be deposited over very large areas, e.g., grasslands, forests, etc., such as wild or uncultivated grasslands, forests, etc., although it will be understood that such areas may exceed hundreds, thousands, or tens of thousands of square miles, and that, particularly in the case of grasslands, such areas may contain billions or trillions of individual plants.In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99% or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, and even more preferably at least 80% of the different microorganisms in the composition are heterologous to the plant or plant part. In certain embodiments, one or more microorganisms are placed on the surface or inside a plant part, including the roots of the plant. In certain embodiments, one or more microorganisms are at least 10, 100, 200, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , and / or 100, 200, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , 10 14 , 10 15 , or 10 16 CFU / gram dry weight of root or less, e.g., 10-10 16 , preferably 100 to 10 16 , more preferably 100 to 10 16 , and even more preferably 100,000 to 10 16 , more preferably 10 6 ~10 16 , and even more preferably 10 7 ~10 16 , and even more preferably 10 12 ~1016In certain embodiments, the composition further comprises a mycorrhizal fungus. In certain embodiments, the plant is a grass. In certain embodiments, the grass is a prairie grass. In certain embodiments, the grass is a turfgrass. In certain embodiments, the plant is a tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is a deciduous tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is an evergreen tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is a forest tree. In certain embodiments, the plant is a commercial crop. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a grain crop. In certain embodiments, the grain crop includes corn, sweet corn, popcorn, seed corn, silage corn, field corn, rice, wheat, barley, or sorghum. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a berry. In certain embodiments, the berry includes a blueberry, blackberry, raspberry, loganberry, huckleberry, cranberry, gooseberry, elderberry, currant, caneberry, or bush berry. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes an oilseed plant. In certain embodiments, the oilseed plant is canola, castor, coconut, cotton, flax, oil palm, olive, peanut, rapeseed, safflower, sesame, sunflower, or soybean. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes tree nuts. In certain embodiments, the tree nuts include almonds, pistachios, pecans, walnuts, hazel nuts, chestnuts, cashews, beechnuts, butternuts, or macadamia nuts. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes brassica vegetables. In certain embodiments, brassica vegetables include broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, kale, mustard greens, or kohlrabi. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes cucurbit vegetables. In certain embodiments, cucurbit vegetables include cucumber, cantaloupe, melon, cantaloupe, pumpkin, watermelon, squash, or eggplant. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises bulb vegetables. In certain embodiments, the bulb vegetables comprise onions, garlic, or shallots. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises citrus fruits.In certain embodiments, citrus fruits include oranges, grapefruits, lemons, tangerines, tangelos, or pummelo. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include fruiting vegetables. In certain embodiments, fruiting vegetables include peppers, tomatoes, ground cherries, tomatillos, okra, or grapes. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include legumes or vegetables, such as beans. In certain embodiments, legumes or vegetables, such as beans, include kidney beans, snow peas, hulled peas, soybeans, dry beans, chickpeas, lima beans, peas, garbanzo beans, split peas, lentils, or peanuts. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include pome fruits. In certain embodiments, pome fruits include apples, wild apples, pears, quince, or hawthorn. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include root, tuber, or corm vegetables. In certain embodiments, root, tuber, or corm vegetables include carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, sugar beets, ginger, wasabi, radishes, ginseng, or turnips. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include stone fruits. In certain embodiments, stone fruits include apricots, cherries, jalapenos, peaches, plums, prunes, or strawberries. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include grasses. In certain embodiments, grasses include livestock feed grasses. In certain embodiments, grasses include turfgrass. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include evergreen trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include deciduous trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include herbs or spices. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include cannabis. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include ornamental plants. In certain embodiments, ornamental plants include flowering plants, shrubs, or bushes. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an energy or feedstock plant, hi certain embodiments, the energy or feedstock plant comprises corn, canola, sugarcane, sunflower, safflower, Jatropha, castor, oil palm, coconut, wild flax, jatropha, olive, or flax.In certain cases, the energy plant or feedstock plant is for use in the production of biofuel. In certain embodiments, the population of plants is at least 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, 50,000, or 100,000 square miles, and / or 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, 50,000, 100,000, 50 ...100,000, 100,000, 100,000, 100,0 The plant population may be distributed over an area of ​​up to 0,000, 1M, 2M, 10M, or 50M square miles, e.g., 0.1 to 50M square miles, preferably 0.1 to 10M square miles, more preferably 1 to 10M square miles, even more preferably 10 to 10M square miles, even more preferably 100 to 10M square miles, and even more preferably 1000 to 1M square miles. As described above, the plant population may be, for example, a grassland, forest, or the like, to which the microbial composition described herein has been applied. In certain embodiments, the composition further comprises soil in which the plant is growing or was growing. Unless otherwise specified, soil may be considered to extend to the depth or average depth of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 0.1 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 0.5 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 1 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 2 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 3 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 5 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 7 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 10 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 15 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 20 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 50 cm of the plant's roots. In certain embodiments, the soil is within 100 cm of the plant's roots.Thus, provided herein are compositions comprising a population of plants and microorganisms as described herein and soil in which the plants are growing or have grown, wherein the microorganisms comprise at least 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.51, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90%, e.g., at least 0.01%, or at least 0.1%, or 1%, preferably at least 2%, more preferably at least 5%, even more preferably at least 10%, even more preferably at least 20%, and even more preferably at least 40%, of the total number of microorganisms in the soil-containing composition. In certain embodiments, the composition further comprises a mycorrhizal fungus. In certain embodiments, mycorrhizal fungi comprise at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90% of the total number of microorganisms in a composition comprising soil, such as at least 1%, preferably at least 2%, more preferably at least 5%, even more preferably at least 10%, even more preferably at least 20%, and even more preferably at least 40%. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises beneficial microorganisms other than the microorganisms of the composition comprising a microorganism, which may be present at a concentration of, for example, at least 1 M, 2 M, 5 M, 10 M, 15 M, 20 M, 25 M, 30 M, 35 M, 40 M, 50 M, 70 M, or 100 M, and / or no more than 2 M, 5 M, 10 M, 15 M, 20 M, 25 M, 30 M, 35 M, 40 M, 50 M, 70 M, 80 M, 100 M, or 1 B per gram of dry weight soil, for example, 1 M to 1 B per gram of dry weight soil, preferably 10 M to 1 B, more preferably 20 M to 1 B, even more preferably 20 M to 100 M, even more preferably 20 M to 80 M, and even more preferably 30 M to 80 M.In certain embodiments, the average density of the soil is at least 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1.45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, or 1.70, and / or 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1. 45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, 1.70, 1.75, 1.80, 1.85, 1.90, or 1.95 or less, for example, 1.0 to 1.90, preferably 1.05 to 1.85, more preferably 1.10 to 1.50, even more preferably 1.20 to 1.75, even more preferably 1.35 to 1.70, and still more preferably 1.55 to 1.85 g / cm. 3 In certain embodiments, the soil has an average water holding capacity (WHC) of at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% w / w, and / or no more than 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% w / w, e.g., 20-70%, preferably 25-65%, more preferably 25-55%, even more preferably 30-65%, even more preferably 35-65%, and even more preferably 35-55%. In certain embodiments, the average carbon content of the soil and plant parts therein is at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20%, and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, or 40% (wt / wt), such as 5-30%, preferably 7-30%, more preferably 10-30%, and even more preferably 10-25%. In certain embodiments, the soil carbon content of the soil is at least 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 kg / m 3 soil, and / or 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 kg / m 3For example, 0.5 to 40, preferably 2 to 40, more preferably 5 to 40, even more preferably 7 to 35, even more preferably 7 to 30, and even more preferably 7 to 25 kg / m 3 In certain embodiments, the soil has a depth of 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 100 cm or less, e.g., 100 cm or less, preferably 80 cm or less, more preferably 60 cm or less, even more preferably 40 cm or less, even more preferably 30 cm or less, and even more preferably 20 cm or less. In certain embodiments, the average carbon content of the soil and plant parts therein is 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 35, 37, 40, 42, 45, 50, 55, or 60, and / or 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 35, 37, 40, 42, 45, 50, 55, 60, or 70 metric tons per hectare, for example, 10 to 70, preferably 10 to 60, more preferably 15 to 60, even more preferably 15 to 50, even more preferably 18 to 60, and even more preferably 18 to 55 metric tons per hectare. In certain embodiments, the soil depth is at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, or 150 cm, and / or no more than 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 150, or 200 cm, such as no more than 100 cm, preferably no more than 80 cm, more preferably no more than 60 cm, even more preferably no more than 40 cm, even more preferably no more than 30 cm, and even more preferably no more than 20 cm, or to the depth of the plant roots. In certain cases, such as those illustrated herein, for example in forestry, the soil is typically, but not necessarily, shallower than the average root depth.

[0065] 10.Plants In certain embodiments herein, the methods or compositions include one or more plants or plant parts, or seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material of the plants, or land on which the plants are growing, have grown, or will grow, or other methods and compositions described herein that include the plants or plant parts. In certain embodiments, the plants are grasses. In certain embodiments, the grasses are prairie grasses. Prairie grasses include, but are not limited to, rhodesgrass, red oatgrass, lemongrass, purple needlegrass, blue grama, buffalograss, and galeta. In certain embodiments, the grasses are turfgrasses. Turfgrasses include, but are not limited to, annual ryegrass, bahiagrass, bermudagrass, buffalograss, carpetgrass, centipedegrass, creeping bentgrass, fine fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, rough bluegrass, St. Augustinegrass, tall fescue, zoysiagrass, kikuyugrass (Pennisetum clandestinum), annual bluegrass (Poa annua), or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the plant is a tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is a deciduous tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is an evergreen tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is a forest tree. In certain embodiments, the plant is a commercial crop. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a grain crop. In certain embodiments, the grain crop includes corn, sweet corn, popcorn, seed corn, silage corn, field corn, rice, wheat, barley, or sorghum. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a berry. In certain embodiments, the berry comprises a blueberry, blackberry, raspberry, loganberry, huckleberry, cranberry, gooseberry, elderberry, currant, caneberry, or bushberry. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an oilseed plant. In certain embodiments, the oilseed plant is canola, castor, coconut, cotton, flax, oil palm, olive, peanut, rapeseed, safflower, sesame, sunflower, or soybean. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a tree nut.In certain embodiments, the tree nuts include almonds, pistachios, pecans, walnuts, hazel nuts, chestnuts, cashews, beechnuts, butternuts, or macadamia nuts. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes Brassica vegetables. In certain embodiments, Brassica vegetables include broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, collards, kale, mustard greens, or kohlrabi. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes Cucurbit vegetables. In certain embodiments, Cucurbit vegetables include cucumber, cantaloupe, melon, cantaloupe, pumpkin, watermelon, squash, or eggplant. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes bulb vegetables. In certain embodiments, bulb vegetables include onions, garlic, or shallots. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes citrus fruits. In certain embodiments, citrus fruits include oranges, grapefruits, lemons, tangerines, tangelos, or pummelo. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes fruiting vegetables. In certain embodiments, the fruiting vegetables include peppers, tomatoes, ground cherries, tomatillos, okra, or grapes. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes legumes or vegetables such as beans. In certain embodiments, the legumes or vegetables include kidney beans, snow peas, hulled peas, soybeans, dry beans, chickpeas, lima beans, peas, garbanzo beans, split peas, lentils, or peanuts. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes pome fruits. In certain embodiments, pome fruits include apples, wild apples, pears, quince, or hawthorn. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes root vegetables, tuber vegetables, or corm vegetables. In certain embodiments, root, tuber, or corm vegetables include carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, sugar beets, ginger, wasabi, radish, ginseng, or turnips. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include stone fruits. In certain embodiments, stone fruits include apricots, cherries, jalapenos, peaches, plums, prunes, or strawberries. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include grasses.In certain embodiments, the grass comprises livestock feed grass. In certain embodiments, the grass comprises turfgrass. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a tree. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an evergreen tree. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a deciduous tree. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an herb or spice. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises cannabis. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an ornamental plant. In certain embodiments, the ornamental plant comprises a flowering plant, a shrub, or a bush. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an energy plant or a feedstock plant. In certain embodiments, the energy plant or feedstock plant comprises corn, canola, sugarcane, sunflower, safflower, Jatropha, castor, oil palm, coconut, wild flax, jasmine, olive, or flax. In certain cases, the energy plant or feedstock plant is for use in the production of biofuel. In certain embodiments, the plant is a thyme plant.

[0066] 11. Compositions containing soil. In certain embodiments, provided herein are compositions comprising soil, e.g., soil in which a plant is growing or has been growing, wherein the soil comprises one or more microorganisms, e.g., one or more microorganisms or a combination of microorganisms heterologous to the soil. In certain embodiments, the microorganism is a microorganism from one of the microbial compositions provided herein.

[0067] In certain embodiments, a composition is provided comprising soil in which a plant is growing or has been growing, wherein the soil comprises at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 100, and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, or 150 different microorganisms heterologous to the soil and / or plant, such as at least 1, preferably at least 5, more preferably at least 10, even more preferably at least 15, even more preferably at least 25, even more preferably at least 40, or between 1 and 150, preferably between 1 and 100, more preferably between 2 and 80, and even more preferably 2 species.

[0068] In certain embodiments, compositions are provided comprising soil in which a plant is growing or has grown, wherein the soil comprises one or more microorganisms of the microbial compositions provided herein, at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, or 45 different microorganisms of the microbial compositions described herein.

[0069] In certain embodiments, the average density of the soil is at least 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1.45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, or 1.70, and / or 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1. 45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, 1.70, 1.75, 1.80, 1.85, 1.90, or 1.95 or less, for example, 1.0 to 1.90, preferably 1.05 to 1.85, more preferably 1.10 to 1.50, even more preferably 1.20 to 1.75, even more preferably 1.35 to 1.70, and even more preferably 1.55 to 1.85 g / cm 3 is the soil dry weight.

[0070] Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the soil has a water holding capacity (WHC) of at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% w / w, and / or no more than 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% w / w, for example, 20-70%, preferably 25-65%, more preferably 25-55%, even more preferably 30-65%, even more preferably 35-65%, and even more preferably 35-55%.

[0071] Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the concentration of beneficial microorganisms in the soil is at least 1M, 2M, 5M, 10M, 15M, 20M, 25M, 30M, 35M, 40M, 50M, 70M, or 100M per gram of dry weight soil, and / or no more than 2M, 5M, 10M, 15M, 20M, 25M, 30M, 35M, 40M, 50M, 70M, 80M, 100M, or 1 B per gram of dry weight soil, for example, between 1M and 1 B per gram of dry weight soil, preferably between 10M and 1 B per gram, more preferably between 20M and 1 B per gram, even more preferably between 20M and 100M per gram, even more preferably between 20M and 80M per gram, and even more preferably between 30M and 80M per gram of dry weight soil.

[0072] Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the soil carbon content of the soil is at least 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 kg / m 3 soil, and / or 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 kg / m 3 For example, 0.5 to 40, preferably 2 to 40, more preferably 5 to 40, even more preferably 7 to 35, even more preferably 7 to 30, and even more preferably 7 to 25 kg / m 3In certain embodiments, the soil has an average carbon content of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20%, and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, or 40% (wt / wt), for example, 5-30%, preferably 7-30%, more preferably 10-30%, and even more preferably 10-25%.

[0073] Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the soil does not contain significant amounts (concentrations) of synthetic fertilizers, or in certain embodiments, not detectable amounts. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the soil does not contain significant amounts (concentrations) of synthetic pesticides, or in certain embodiments, not detectable amounts. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the soil does not contain significant amounts (concentrations) of synthetic herbicides, or in certain embodiments, not detectable amounts.

[0074] Alternatively or additionally, the soil may comprise a plant or plant part. Any suitable plant or plant part, such as a plant or plant part described herein (e.g., Section B.10), may be part of the composition. In certain embodiments, the plant part comprises a plant root. In certain embodiments, the microorganism is located on or within the root. In some of these embodiments, the one or more microorganisms comprise at least 10, 100, 200, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , and / or 100, 200, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 106 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , 10 14 , 10 15 , or 10 16 CFU / gram dry weight of root or less, e.g., 10-10 16 , preferably 100 to 10 16 , more preferably 100 to 10 16 , and even more preferably 100,000 to 10 16 , more preferably 10 6 ~10 16 , and even more preferably 10 7 ~10 16 , and even more preferably 10 12 ~10 16 In certain embodiments, the composition further comprises a mycorrhizal fungus.

[0075] All weights are dry weights unless otherwise noted. Values ​​for density, water holding capacity, beneficial microorganisms, soil carbon content, concentrations of synthetic fertilizers, herbicides, and / or fungicides, or other relevant soil properties may be determined in any suitable manner. In certain embodiments, some or all of the values ​​are determined on soil samples. In certain embodiments, at least some of the values ​​are determined by the use of probes. In certain embodiments, at least some of the values ​​are determined by ground-based techniques, such as satellite imagery, lidar, etc. For details on sampling and analysis techniques, see the detailed description of carbon in soil provided herein. As used herein, a "significant" amount of synthetic fertilizer, herbicide, or pesticide includes an amount that exceeds established standards for organic agriculture in the soil and / or the area where the plants are located.

[0076] 12. System In certain embodiments, provided herein are systems that include: (i) a first entity that manufactures, distributes, or otherwise supplies one or more compositions comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to one or more other entities; (ii) a second entity that obtains, directly or indirectly, one or more compositions comprising a microbial consortium from the first entity and uses the one or more compositions in a manner that includes applying the one or more compositions to plants, plant parts, plant seeds, and / or soil in which plants grow (whereby the second entity achieves one or more economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to using the one or more compositions), or a third entity that is at least partially controlled directly or indirectly by the second entity; (iii) a contract between the first entity and the second entity that specifies the allocation of the economic benefits between the first entity and the second entity; and (iv) a processor that receives information regarding the contract and information regarding the one or more economic benefits, determines the allocation between the first entity and the second entity, and communicates information including the allocation to the first and / or second entity. In certain embodiments, the second entity is (i) an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights over land on which plants are grown primarily for sale of the plants or plant parts; (ii) an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights over land on which plants are grown primarily for sale as animal feed; (iii) an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights over land on which plants are grown and receives compensation for the use of the land; or (iv) an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights over land on which plants are grown that does not alter or only minimally alters the condition of the plants or soil. In certain embodiments, the second entity is an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights over land on which plants are grown primarily for sale of the plants or plant parts. In certain embodiments, the second entity is an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights over land on which plants are grown primarily for sale as animal feed. In certain embodiments, the land comprises pasture. In certain embodiments, the land comprises rangeland. In certain embodiments, the land comprises land for growing grass for animal feed. In certain embodiments, the land comprises land for growing grain for animal feed.In certain embodiments, the second entity is an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights to the land on which the plants are grown, and the entity receives compensation for use of the land on which the plants are grown. In certain embodiments, the use of the land includes sports, games, or other recreation or entertainment, such as a golf course. In certain embodiments, the second entity is an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights to the land on which the plants are grown with no or minimal alteration to the condition of the plants or the soil. In certain embodiments, the land is grassland, forest, or rangeland. In certain embodiments, the second entity is a government entity. In certain embodiments, the second entity is a private entity. In certain embodiments, the one or more economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to the use of the one or more compositions include (i) reduced costs due to reduced water use on the plants, and / or (ii) reduced costs due to reduced fertilizer use on the plants, and / or (iii) reduced costs due to reduced herbicide use on the plants, and / or (iv) reduced costs due to reduced pesticide use on the plants, and / or (v) increased biomass of the plants, and / or (vi) increased price per plant or plant product or plant unit, and / or (vii) increased costs for growing or maintaining the plants. and / or (viii) the ability to grow plants in a wider range of environmental conditions, and / or (ix) financial benefits realized from reduced costs of raising and / or maintaining animals that eat the plants, and / or (x) carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to increased soil carbon, and / or (xi) carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to increased carbon in plants, and / or (xii) carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to carbon avoided in growing the plants.In certain embodiments, the one or more economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to the use of the one or more compositions include carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to increased soil carbon, carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to increased carbon in plants, carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to carbon avoided in growing the plants, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more economic benefits include cost savings due to reduced water use by the plants. In certain embodiments, the one or more economic benefits include an increase in the price per plant or plant product or plant unit. In certain embodiments, the one or more economic benefits include monetary benefits realized from reduced costs of raising and / or maintaining animals that eat the plants and / or an increase in the price of animals that eat the plants. In certain embodiments, the animal is a cow. In certain embodiments, the animal is a dairy animal, such as a dairy cow, goat, or sheep. In certain embodiments, the animal is poultry. In certain embodiments, the poultry is raised for slaughter. In certain embodiments, the poultry is a laying hen. In certain embodiments, the system includes at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 300, 500, or 1000 other entities different from the first entity, which entities directly or indirectly obtain one or more compositions comprising a microbial consortium from the first entity and apply one or more compositions to plants, plant parts, plant seeds, and / or soil growing plants. and (b) using one or more compositions in a method comprising: receiving one or more economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to using the one or more compositions; contracts between the first entity and each of the other entities that define an allocation of the economic benefits between the first entity and each of the other entities; and one or more processors that receive information regarding the contracts and information regarding the one or more economic benefits of each of the other entities, determine an allocation between the first entity and each of the other entities, and communicate information including the allocations to the first entity and / or each of the other entities.

[0077] Any suitable microbial composition may be used in the systems of this section, for example, a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms. In particular embodiments, the microbial compositions described herein are used.

[0078] C. Method 1. Apply to plants, plant parts, soil, or other growing media In certain embodiments, methods are provided herein that include applying a microbial composition, e.g., a microbial composition disclosed herein, to a plant or part thereof, and / or soil or other growth medium in which the plant is growing or will grow, in a first application. Unless otherwise specified or clear from the context, as used herein, the phrase "applying a microbial composition" or similar phrases, when used in reference to application to soil or a plant in soil, also includes planting or contacting with soil seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagules containing the microorganism, such as seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagules described herein. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, and even more preferably at least 80%, of the different microorganisms in the composition are at a concentration that is at least 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, or 1000 times, preferably 2 times, more preferably at least 5 times, even more preferably at least 10 times, even more preferably at least 50 times, and even more preferably at least 500 times, the concentration of the same microorganisms found or detected on untreated control plants or parts thereof, and / or in the soil or other growth medium in which the plants are growing or will be grown. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, and even more preferably at least 80%, of the different microorganisms in the composition are not detected in untreated control plants or parts thereof and / or in the soil in which the plants are growing or will be growing. In certain embodiments, the derivative composition is an aqueous composition. The composition or derivative can be applied by any suitable method.In certain embodiments, the composition comprising the microorganism is aqueous or combined with an aqueous medium, and the aqueous material is applied by any suitable means, for example, as part of irrigation water, to the soil or other growth medium in which the plant is growing or will be grown. In certain embodiments, the microbial composition or derivative thereof, as described herein, is a solid composition, e.g., a particle, and is applied as a solid. In the case of solid or liquid application, in certain embodiments, application includes aerial application, e.g., by manned and / or unmanned aerial vehicles. As used herein, the term "control" or "reference" or similar terms, when used in connection with plants, plant parts, soil, and / or other growth media, or other aspects described herein, includes plants, plant parts, soil, and / or other growth media that have not been applied with a microbial composition described herein. In certain embodiments, the term includes, but is not limited to, plants, plant parts, soil, and / or other growth media prior to application of the microbial composition. The term can include information collected over one or more growing periods or years, e.g., over the past 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 years (e.g., 10 years). Typically, such information will be an average. In certain embodiments, the term includes, but is not limited to, the same plants, plant parts, soil, or other growing medium as the plants, plant parts, soil, or other growing medium to which the microbial composition is applied (e.g., the same soil, the same plants, etc., e.g., adjacent or nearby fields containing the same crop or other plants that are generally similarly treated or identical to the treated soil and plants). The composition, or derivatives produced from the composition, can be applied any suitable number of times, for example, at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, or 19 applications, and / or no more than 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 applications, for example, 1 to 20 applications.In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods comprising applying a microbial composition, e.g., a microbial composition disclosed herein, to a plant or part thereof and / or soil or other growth medium in which the plant is growing or to be grown in a second application. In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods comprising applying a microbial composition, e.g., a microbial composition disclosed herein, to a plant or part thereof and / or soil or other growth medium in which the plant is growing or to be grown in a third application. In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods comprising applying a microbial composition, e.g., a microbial composition disclosed herein, to a plant or part thereof and / or soil or other growth medium in which the plant is growing or to be grown in a fourth application. In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods comprising applying a microbial composition, e.g., a microbial composition disclosed herein, to a plant or part thereof and / or soil or other growth medium in which the plant is growing or to be grown in a fifth application. In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods that include applying a microbial composition, e.g., a microbial composition disclosed herein, to a plant or part thereof, and / or soil or other growth medium in which the plant is growing or to be grown, in a sixth application. In certain embodiments, the applications are performed at intervals not exceeding at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 days, or 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, or 10 months, or 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 years, and / or 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 days, or 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, or 10 months, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 10 years.In certain embodiments, applications comprise at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300, or 400, and / or 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300, 400, or 500 g of microorganisms per acre, e.g., 5 to 500, 5 to 200, 5 to 100, or 5 to 50 g of microorganisms per acre, preferably 50 to 200 g of microorganisms per acre, more preferably 75 to 125 g of microorganisms per acre, and even more preferably 100 g of microorganisms per acre. In certain embodiments, each application comprises at least 10 g of microorganisms per acre. 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , 10 14 , 10 15 , and / or 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , 10 14 , 10 15 , or 10 16 Microbial composition in CFU, e.g., 10 per acre 6 ~10 16 , preferably 10 7 ~10 15 , more preferably 10 8 ~10 14 , and even more preferably 10 9 ~10 14 , and even more preferably 10 10 ~10 13 , and even more preferably 10 10 ~10 12 Contains a composition of microorganisms in CFU. In certain embodiments, the soil and / or plants or plant parts or plant products are tested for mineral and / or other nutrient content prior to one or more applications, and in some cases, the amount of one or more minerals and / or other nutrients in the soil is adjusted, at least in part, based on the test results. The amount of the mineral or other nutrient may be increased or decreased. Further description of testing the soil and / or plants or plant components and adding macronutrients, micronutrients, and / or carbon sources may be as disclosed herein. In certain embodiments, application of the composition reduces the number of vegetative growths by at least 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example, at least 0.5%, or at least 1%, preferably at least 2%, more preferably at least 5%, even more preferably at least 10%, even more preferably at least 20%, and even more preferably at least 40%, i.e., compared to untreated control plants. The resulting concentration of microorganisms is at least 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 10,000, 50,000, or 100,000 times, e.g., at least 2 times, or at least 10 times, or at least 100 times, preferably at least 500 times, more preferably at least 1000 times, even more preferably at least 5000 times, and even more preferably at least 50,000 times, greater than the concentration of the same microorganisms found or detected in the soil or other growth medium in which the plant is growing or to be grown. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises applying one or more soil amendments to the soil. In certain embodiments, the soil amendment comprises one or more minerals and / or one or more carbon sources for the microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the content of the soil amendment is determined at least in part by one or more results of one or more analyses of the soil and / or plant or plant part in which the plant is growing or to be grown. Such analyses may be performed prior to the first application. Additionally or alternatively, the analysis may be carried out one or more times after the first application. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises cultivating the plant in soil.In certain embodiments, at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, e.g., at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, e.g., at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80% of the different microorganisms in the composition colonize the roots of the plants. In certain embodiments, the composition or derivative is applied to a plurality of plants or parts thereof and / or to the soil or other growth medium in which a plurality of plants are growing or will be grown. In certain embodiments, the plurality comprises at least 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, 100,000, 500,000, 1M, 2M, 5M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 500M, 1B, 5B, 10B, 50B, or 100B, e.g., at least 100, preferably at least 1000, more preferably at least 100,000, even more preferably at least 10M, even more preferably at least 100M, and even more preferably at least 1B plants. In certain embodiments, the plant is a grass. In certain embodiments, the grass is turfgrass. In certain embodiments, the plant is prairie grass. In certain embodiments, the plant is a tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is a deciduous tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is an evergreen tree. In certain embodiments, the tree is a forest tree. In certain embodiments, the plant is a commercial crop. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a grain crop. In certain embodiments, the grain crop comprises corn, sweet corn, popcorn, seed corn, silage corn, field corn, rice, wheat, barley, or sorghum. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a berry.In certain embodiments, the berry includes a blueberry, blackberry, raspberry, loganberry, huckleberry, cranberry, gooseberry, elderberry, currant, caneberry, or bushberry. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes an oilseed plant. In certain embodiments, the oilseed plant is canola, castor, coconut, cotton, flax, oil palm, olive, peanut, rapeseed, safflower, sesame, sunflower, or soybean. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a nut. In certain embodiments, the nut includes an almond, pistachio, pecan, walnut, hazel, chestnut, cashew, beechnut, butternut, or macadamia nut. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes a brassica vegetable. In certain embodiments, the brassica vegetable includes broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, kale, mustard greens, or kohlrabi. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes cucurbit vegetables. In certain embodiments, cucurbit vegetables include cucumber, cantaloupe, melon, cantaloupe, pumpkin, watermelon, squash, or eggplant. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes bulb vegetables. In certain embodiments, bulb vegetables include onion, garlic, or shallot. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes citrus fruits. In certain embodiments, citrus fruits include oranges, grapefruit, lemons, tangerines, tangelos, or pummelo. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes fruit vegetables. In certain embodiments, fruit vegetables include peppers, tomatoes, ground cherries, tomatillos, okra, or grapes. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes legumes or vegetables, such as beans. In certain embodiments, legumes or vegetables such as beans include kidney beans, snow peas, hulled peas, soybeans, dry beans, chickpeas, lima beans, peas, garbanzo beans, split peas, lentils, or peanuts. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include pome fruits. In certain embodiments, pome fruits include apples, wild apples, pears, quince, or hawthorn.In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes root, tuber, or corm vegetables. In certain embodiments, the root, tuber, or corm vegetables include carrot, potato, sweet potato, cassava, sugar beet, ginger, wasabi, radish, ginseng, or turnip. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes stone fruit. In certain embodiments, stone fruit includes apricot, cherry, jasmine, peach, plum, prune, or strawberry. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes grass. In certain embodiments, the grass includes grass for livestock feed. In certain embodiments, the grass includes turfgrass. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes trees. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes evergreen trees. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes deciduous trees. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes herbs or spices. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes cannabis. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes ornamental plants. In certain embodiments, ornamental plants include flowering plants, shrubs, or bushes. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include energy or feedstock plants. In certain embodiments, energy or feedstock plants include corn, canola, sugarcane, sunflower, safflower, Jatropha, castor, oil palm, coconut, wild flax, jatropha, olive, or flax.

[0079] In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods that include testing a growth medium, such as soil, and / or a plant or one or more components of a plant, e.g., one or more plants growing in the growth medium, to determine one or more properties of the growth medium (e.g., soil) and / or the plant or plant components, and, if indicated by the results of the testing, adjusting the growth medium and / or the plant or plant components, e.g., adjusting the growth medium, such as soil, to adjust the one or more properties determined in the testing, generally to provide improved conditions for plant growth, proliferation and establishment of the applied microorganisms, etc., in combination with, for example, one or more applications of a microbial composition described herein. In certain embodiments, the dosage and / or application rate of the microbial composition can be determined, at least in part, by the results of the testing. Testing may be performed at any suitable time, e.g., before introducing the plant or its seeds or other propagules into the growth medium, and / or at intervals during the plant's growing season, and / or at the end of the growing season. After each such test, or after a portion of such tests, the growth medium and / or the plant or plant part, e.g., the growth medium (e.g., soil), and / or the microbial composition, may be adjusted to modulate one or more of the properties determined in the test; thus, any suitable number of tests and adjustments may be performed for a given growing period, e.g., at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, preferably at least 1, more preferably at least 2, even more preferably at least 3, even more preferably at least 4, and even more preferably at least 5. The test(s) may be any suitable test, depending on the property(ies) to be determined. In certain embodiments, the content of one or more macronutrients, e.g., in the growth medium (e.g., soil and / or plant or plant components), is determined. In certain embodiments, the content of one or more micronutrients, e.g., in the growth medium (e.g., soil and / or plant or plant components), is determined. In certain embodiments, the content of one or more carbon sources, e.g., in the growth medium (e.g., soil and / or plant or plant components), is determined. Additionally or alternatively, the pH may be measured.In certain embodiments, one or more macronutrients and / or one or more micronutrients and / or carbon sources are applied to a growth medium (e.g., soil) and / or a plant based at least in part on the results of one or more tests for the micronutrients, the micronutrients, and / or the carbon source, respectively. Methods for determining the characteristics of macronutrients and micronutrients, and carbon sources, are well known in the art, and any suitable test(s) may be used. Thus, in certain embodiments, a method is provided herein that includes applying (a) a plurality of microorganisms, (b) one or more macronutrients, and / or (c) one or more micronutrients, and / or (d) one or more carbon sources to a plant growth medium, wherein the composition and / or effective amount of (a), (b), (c), and / or (d) is determined at least in part by the results of one or more first tests on one or more samples containing components of the growth medium to be or have been applied with the plurality of microorganisms, and / or one or more plant(s) growing in the growth medium. In certain embodiments, the plant is not cannabis. The plant may be any suitable plant or class of plants, as described in Section B.10. In certain embodiments, the growth medium comprises soil. In certain embodiments, the composition and / or effective amounts of (a), (b), (c), and / or (d) are further determined, at least in part, by the type of plant in the growth medium. In certain embodiments, the composition and / or effective amounts of (b) and / or (c) and / or (d) are determined; in some of these embodiments, the composition and / or effective amount of (a) is not determined by test results and / or the type of plant in the growth medium.In certain embodiments, the plurality of microorganisms is applied to the plant growth medium in an amount of at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300, or 400, and / or 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300, 400, or 500 g of microorganisms per acre, e.g., 5 to 500, 5 to 200, 5 to 100, or 5 to 50 g of microorganisms per acre, preferably 50 to 200 g of microorganisms per acre, more preferably 75 to 125 g of microorganisms per acre, and even more preferably 100 g of microorganisms per acre. 5 , 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , or 10 12 and / or 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , or 10 13 cfu / g or less, e.g., 10 5 ~10 13 cfu / g, preferably 10 7 ~10 11 cfu / g, more preferably 10 8 ~10 10 In certain embodiments, the plurality of microorganisms is present at a concentration of at least 10 cfu / g. 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , 10 13 , 10 14 , or 10 15 , and / or 10 7 , 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11, 10 12 , 10 13 , 10 14 , 10 15 , or 10 16 cfu / acre or less, e.g., 10 6 ~10 16 cfu / acre, preferably 10 8 ~10 14 cfu / acre, more preferably 10 9 ~10 13 cfu / acre, and even more preferably 10 10 ~10 12 cfu / acre onto the plant growth medium. In certain embodiments, the plurality of microorganisms is applied 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 times during the growing season, e.g., 1 to 10 times, preferably 3 to 8 times. In certain embodiments, the period between applications is from 1 week to 1 year. In certain embodiments, the plurality of microorganisms is applied via irrigation and / or aerial application media, e.g., via irrigation or, e.g., via aerial application. In certain embodiments, the macronutrient includes ammonium, nitrate, phosphate, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the amount of nitrate in the growth medium is determined and compared to a preferred range for nitrate in the plant growth medium, and the plant growth medium is treated so that the plant growth medium contains an amount of nitrate within or near the preferred range after treatment. In certain embodiments, the preferred range for nitrate includes at least 10, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, or 140 lbs / acre and / or up to 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, or 150 lbs / acre, preferably 35-90 lbs / acre. In certain embodiments, the amount of phosphate in the growth medium is determined and compared to the preferred range for phosphate in the plant growth medium, and the plant growth medium is treated so that the plant growth medium contains an amount of phosphate within or near the preferred range after treatment. In certain embodiments, preferred ranges for phosphate include at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 110, 120, 130, or 140 pounds per acre, and / or up to 20, 30, 40, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, or 150 pounds per acre, preferably 50-100 pounds per acre. In certain embodiments, the amount of potassium in the growth medium is determined and compared to the preferred range for potassium in the plant growth medium, and the plant growth medium is treated so that after treatment, the plant growth medium contains an amount of potassium within or near the preferred range.In certain embodiments, the preferred range for potassium includes at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 110, 120, 130, or 140 pounds per acre, and / or up to 20, 30, 40, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, or 150 pounds per acre, preferably between 75 and 100 pounds per acre. In certain embodiments, the amount of calcium in the growth medium is determined and compared to the preferred range for calcium in the plant growth medium, and the plant growth medium is treated so that, after treatment, the plant growth medium contains an amount of calcium within or near the preferred range. In certain embodiments, the preferred range for calcium includes at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 110, 120, 130, or 140 pounds per acre, and / or up to 20, 30, 40, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, or 150 pounds per acre, preferably 60-120 pounds per acre. In certain embodiments, the amount of magnesium in the growth medium is determined and compared to the preferred range for magnesium in plant growth medium, and the plant growth medium is treated so that, after treatment, the plant growth medium contains an amount of magnesium within or near the preferred range. In certain embodiments, the preferred range for magnesium includes at least 5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 30, or 40 pounds per acre, and / or up to 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 30, 40, or 50 pounds per acre, preferably 13 to 20 pounds per acre. In certain embodiments, the amount of sodium in the growth medium is determined and compared to the preferred range for sodium in plant growth medium, and the plant growth medium is treated so that after treatment, the plant growth medium contains an amount of sodium that is within or near the preferred range.In certain embodiments, preferred ranges for sodium include no more than 500, 400, 300, 200, 150, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, or 10 pounds per acre, preferably no more than 100 pounds per acre. In certain embodiments, the micronutrient includes zinc, iron, manganese, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, selenium, nickel, boron, silicon, aluminum, chloride, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the plant growth medium is treated to adjust the amount of one or more micronutrients. In certain embodiments, the plant growth medium is treated with a composition comprising marine minerals. The method may include testing the amount and / or type of carbon source in the growth medium. In certain embodiments, the growth medium is treated to provide one or more carbon sources, in certain cases, at least in part, based on the results of the testing. In certain embodiments, the carbon source includes humates or humic acids. Additionally or alternatively, the carbon source includes fulvic acid. The method may include applying fertilizer, compost, or the like to the plant growth medium. In certain embodiments, the method further includes conducting a second test on the plant growth medium to provide a second result including the amount of one or more microorganisms in the plurality of microorganisms after application to the plant growth medium. In certain embodiments, the test includes determining whether or to what extent microorganisms have grown on the soil and / or plant. In certain embodiments, the method includes conducting a third test on a sample including plant components to provide a third result. In certain embodiments, the plant components include sap, leaves, petioles, roots, flowers, or fruits, e.g., petioles. In certain embodiments, the method includes applying an effective composition and / or amount of one or more amendments to the plant growth medium and / or plant, wherein the effective composition and / or amount of the one or more amendments is at least partially determined by the third result. In certain embodiments, the effective composition and / or amount of the one or more amendments is applied to the plant growth medium and / or plant by foliar spray or irrigation. In certain embodiments, the method includes conducting a fourth test of the carbon content of the soil to obtain a fourth result.In certain embodiments, a fifth test is performed on the plant growth medium, e.g., at the end of the growing season or other suitable time, to provide a fifth result. In certain embodiments, the fifth test includes testing for carbon content. In certain embodiments, the method further includes performing a pathogen analysis, a toxin analysis, a water analysis, a soil bulk density test, a soil moisture content test, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the plant growth medium and / or plants in the growth medium (e.g., soil) exhibit one or more improved characteristics compared to a reference plant and / or growth medium (e.g., soil), the improved characteristics including (i) decreased water consumption, (ii) increased soil water-holding capacity, (iii) improved soil density, (iv) increased soil carbon content, (v) a higher rate of increase in soil carbon content, (vi) an increased density of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, (vii) increased yield, or (viii) increased nutrient density. In certain embodiments, the composition and / or effective amount are further determined, at least in part, by one or more desired results, the time period to achieve the desired results, and / or the type of cultivation method used to cultivate one or more plants in the plant growth medium. In certain embodiments, at least 20, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 97, 98, 99, or 100% of the microorganisms in the plurality of microorganisms are Streptomyces. In certain embodiments, the plurality of microorganisms comprises one or more mycorrhizal fungal strains. In certain embodiments, the plurality of microorganisms constitutes a microbial composition provided herein. In certain embodiments, one or more compositions comprising one or more macronutrients or substances effective for modifying the soil and / or plant content of one or more macronutrients, and / or one or more micronutrients or substances effective for modifying the soil and / or plant content of one or more micronutrients, and / or one or more carbon sources are provided and used to treat the growth medium and / or plants, based at least in part on the tests described herein. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises marine minerals. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a humate, humic acid, or fulvic acid.

[0080] 2. Contact with seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material In certain embodiments, a method is provided that includes contacting a microbial composition, such as a microbial composition disclosed herein, or a derivative produced from the composition, with the surface of a seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material. The method produces a seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material in which one or more microorganisms from the microbial composition are associated with the seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material, e.g., associated with one or more microorganisms described herein, e.g., associated with microorganisms on the surface and / or within the pores of the seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material, or associated in such a manner that the seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material remains in contact or close proximity with the seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material until use, e.g., planting. Any suitable method for associating one or more microorganisms with a seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material, such as one or more methods known in the art, may be used, including, but not limited to, spraying, dipping, coating, encapsulating, or dusting the seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material, or a portion thereof, with the composition or a derivative of the composition. In certain embodiments, a derivative of the microbial composition is used to associate the microorganisms with the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies and protect the microorganisms associated with the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies from the environment, for example, to increase stability until the time of use of the seeds. Any suitable derivative may be used, for example, a derivative containing clay. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies are coated with and / or contain within the pores of the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99% of the composition, or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, and even more preferably at least 80% of different microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the method includes contacting the surface of the seed with the composition.In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, such as at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, and even more preferably at least 80%, of the microorganisms are heterologous to the seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material and / or to each other. In certain embodiments, the method comprises contacting the surface of the seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material with at least 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 700, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10,000, 50,000, or 100,000, e.g., at least 10, preferably at least 50, more preferably at least 100, even more preferably at least 200, even more preferably at least 500, and even more preferably at least 1000 CFU of the microorganisms of the composition or derivative. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises placing the treated seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material in soil and exposing it to conditions suitable for growth. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises applying one or more soil amendments to the soil. In certain embodiments, the soil amendment comprises one or more minerals and / or one or more carbon sources for the microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the content of the soil amendment is determined at least in part by one or more results of one or more analyses of the soil in which the plant is growing or to be grown. Suitable analyses and amendments may be performed by the methods described herein. In certain embodiments, the method further includes cultivating the plant in the soil. The seeds, seedlings, or plant propagation material may be of any suitable plant or class of plants, such as those described in Section B.10. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material include grass or tree seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material include grass seeds. In certain embodiments, the grass seeds include turf seeds. In certain embodiments, the grass seeds include prairie seeds.In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material include tree seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material. In certain embodiments, the tree seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material include tree seeds. In certain embodiments, the tree seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material include tree seedlings. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material include seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material of commercial crops. In certain embodiments, the commercial crops include grain crops. In certain embodiments, the grain crops include corn, sweet corn, popcorn, seed corn, silage corn, field corn, rice, wheat, barley, or sorghum. In certain embodiments, the commercial crops include berries. In certain embodiments, the berries include blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, loganberries, huckleberries, cranberries, gooseberries, elderberries, currants, caneberries, or bush berries. In certain embodiments, the commercial crops include oilseed plants. In certain embodiments, the oilseed plant is canola, castor, coconut, cotton, flax, oil palm, olive, peanut, rapeseed, safflower, sesame, sunflower, or soybean. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes tree nuts. In certain embodiments, the tree nuts include almonds, pistachios, pecans, walnuts, hazel nuts, chestnuts, cashews, beechnuts, butternuts, or macadamia nuts. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes brassica vegetables. In certain embodiments, brassica vegetables include broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, kale, mustard greens, or kohlrabi. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop includes cucurbit vegetables. In certain embodiments, cucurbit vegetables include cucumber, cantaloupe, melon, cantaloupe, pumpkin, watermelon, squash, or eggplant. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises bulb vegetables. In certain embodiments, the bulb vegetables comprise onions, garlic, or shallots. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises citrus fruits.In certain embodiments, citrus fruits include oranges, grapefruits, lemons, tangerines, tangelos, or pummelo. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include fruiting vegetables. In certain embodiments, fruiting vegetables include peppers, tomatoes, ground cherries, tomatillos, okra, or grapes. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include legumes or vegetables, such as beans. In certain embodiments, legumes or vegetables, such as beans, include kidney beans, snow peas, hulled peas, soybeans, dry beans, chickpeas, lima beans, peas, garbanzo beans, split peas, lentils, or peanuts. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include pome fruits. In certain embodiments, pome fruits include apples, wild apples, pears, quince, or hawthorn. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include root, tuber, or corm vegetables. In certain embodiments, root, tuber, or corm vegetables include carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, sugar beets, ginger, wasabi, radishes, ginseng, or turnips. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include stone fruits. In certain embodiments, stone fruits include apricots, cherries, jalapenos, peaches, plums, prunes, or strawberries. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include grasses. In certain embodiments, grasses include livestock feed grasses. In certain embodiments, grasses include turfgrass. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include evergreen trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include deciduous trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include herbs or spices. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include cannabis. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include ornamental plants. In certain embodiments, ornamental plants include flowering plants, shrubs, or bushes. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an energy or feedstock plant, hi certain embodiments, the energy or feedstock plant comprises corn, canola, sugarcane, sunflower, safflower, Jatropha, castor, oil palm, coconut, wild flax, jatropha, olive, or flax.

[0081] 3. Contact with populations of seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagules In certain embodiments, a method is provided that includes contacting the surface of a population of seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies with a microbial composition disclosed herein, or a derivative produced from the composition. This method produces a population of seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies in which one or more microorganisms of the microbial composition are associated with the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies, e.g., associated with one or more microorganisms described herein, e.g., associated with microorganisms on the surface and / or in the pores of the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies, or associated in such a manner that the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies remain in contact or proximity with the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies until use, e.g., planting. Any suitable method for associating one or more microorganisms with seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies, such as one or more methods known in the art, may be used, including, but not limited to, spraying, dipping, coating, encapsulating, or dusting the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies, or portions thereof, with the composition or a derivative of the composition. In certain embodiments, a derivative of the microbial composition is used to associate the microorganisms with the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies and to protect the microorganisms associated with the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies from the environment, for example, to increase stability until the time of use of the seeds. Any suitable derivative may be used, for example, a derivative containing clay. In certain embodiments, the individual seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies of the population are coated with and / or contain within the pores of the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation bodies at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99% or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, and even more preferably at least 80% of the composition's different microorganisms.In certain embodiments, at least 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example at least 50, preferably at least 60, more preferably at least 80, even more preferably at least 90, even more preferably at least 95, even more preferably at least 99, and even more preferably 100%, of the different microorganisms in the composition are present in the population of seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material of the population. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, e.g., at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, and even more preferably at least 80%, of the different microorganisms in the composition are heterologous to preferably at least 1, preferably at least 5, more preferably at least 10, even more preferably at least 20, even more preferably at least 30, and even more preferably at least 40 seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation materials. In certain embodiments, the population comprises at least 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, 50,000, 100,000, 200,000, 500,000, or 1M seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation materials. In certain embodiments, the method includes contacting a population of seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material with a sufficient amount of the composition or derivative so that each seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material is in contact with at least 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 700, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10,000, 50,000, or 100,000 CFU of the microorganisms of the composition or derivative, e.g., at least 10, preferably at least 50, more preferably at least 100, even more preferably at least 200, even more preferably at least 500, and even more preferably at least 1000 CFU. In certain embodiments, the method further includes placing the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material in soil and exposing them to conditions suitable for growth. In certain embodiments, the method further includes applying one or more soil amendments to the soil.Suitable analysis and amendment may be performed by the methods described herein. In certain embodiments, the soil amendment comprises one or more minerals and / or one or more carbon sources for the microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the content of the soil amendment is determined at least in part by one or more results of one or more analyses of the soil in which the plant is growing or will be grown. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises cultivating a plant in the soil. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example, at least 10, preferably at least 20, more preferably at least 40, even more preferably at least 60, and even more preferably at least 80%, of the microorganisms in the composition colonize the roots of the plant. The seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material may be of any suitable plant or class of plants, such as those described in Section B.10. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material include grass or tree seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material comprise grass seeds. In certain embodiments, the grass seeds comprise grass seeds. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material comprise tree seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material comprise tree seeds. In embodiment 578, provided herein is the method of embodiment 576, comprising tree seedlings. In certain embodiments, the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material comprise seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material of commercial crops. In certain embodiments, the commercial crops comprise grain crops. In certain embodiments, the grain crops comprise corn, sweet corn, popcorn, seed corn, silage corn, field corn, rice, wheat, barley, or sorghum. In certain embodiments, the commercial crops comprise berries. In particular embodiments, the berry includes a blueberry, blackberry, raspberry, loganberry, huckleberry, cranberry, gooseberry, elderberry, currant, caneberry, or bush berry.In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an oilseed plant. In certain embodiments, the oilseed plant is canola, castor, coconut, cotton, flax, oil palm, olive, peanut, rapeseed, safflower, sesame, sunflower, or soybean. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a nut. In certain embodiments, the nut comprises an almond, pistachio, pecan, walnut, hazel, chestnut, cashew, beechnut, butternut, or macadamia nut. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a Brassica vegetable. In certain embodiments, the Brassica vegetable comprises broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, kale, mustard greens, or kohlrabi. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises a Cucurbit vegetable. In certain embodiments, cucurbit vegetables include cucumber, cantaloupe, melon, cantaloupe, pumpkin, watermelon, squash, or eggplant. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include bulb vegetables. In certain embodiments, bulb vegetables include onion, garlic, or shallot. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include citrus fruits. In certain embodiments, citrus fruits include oranges, grapefruit, lemons, tangerines, tangelos, or pummelo. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include fruit vegetables. In certain embodiments, fruit vegetables include peppers, tomatoes, ground cherries, tomatillos, okra, or grapes. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include legumes or vegetables, such as beans. In certain embodiments, legumes or vegetables such as beans include kidney beans, snow peas, hulled peas, soybeans, dry beans, chickpeas, lima beans, peas, garbanzo beans, split peas, lentils, or peanuts. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include pome fruits. In certain embodiments, pome fruits include apples, wild apples, pears, quince, or hawthorn. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include root, tuber, or corm vegetables.In certain embodiments, root, tuber, or corm vegetables include carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, sugar beets, ginger, wasabi, radishes, ginseng, or turnips. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include stone fruits. In certain embodiments, stone fruits include apricots, cherries, jalapenos, peaches, plums, prunes, or strawberries. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include grasses. In certain embodiments, grasses include livestock feed grasses. In certain embodiments, grasses include turfgrass. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include evergreen trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include deciduous trees. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include herbs or spices. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include cannabis. In certain embodiments, commercial crops include ornamental plants. In certain embodiments, ornamental plants include flowering plants, shrubs, or bushes. In certain embodiments, the commercial crop comprises an energy or feedstock plant, hi certain embodiments, the energy or feedstock plant comprises corn, canola, sugarcane, sunflower, safflower, Jatropha, castor, oil palm, coconut, wild flax, jatropha, olive, or flax.

[0082] 4.Aerial spraying In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods comprising aerial application of a composition comprising a plurality of microorganisms to an area comprising soil. Such methods are particularly useful when applying the composition to large areas of land, such as grassland or forest, or when aerial application is desirable or advantageous. The composition comprising a plurality of microorganisms can be any suitable composition. In certain embodiments, the composition comprising a plurality of microorganisms is a composition comprising a plurality of microorganisms disclosed herein, or a derivative produced from the composition by aerial application to an area comprising soil. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a delayed-release composition. In certain embodiments, the area further comprises a plant growing in the soil. In certain embodiments, the plant comprises grass or a tree. In certain embodiments, the plant comprises grass. In certain embodiments, the plant comprises a tree. In certain embodiments, the area is grassland. In certain embodiments, the area is forested. In certain embodiments, the area comprising soil is a degraded soil ecosystem. In certain embodiments, the area comprising soil is a deforested area. In certain embodiments, the area comprising soil is a reforested area. In certain embodiments, the area comprising soil is a livestock pasture. In certain embodiments, the area containing soil is agricultural land. In certain embodiments, the aerial spraying is carried out by unmanned aerial spraying vehicles. In certain embodiments, the aerial spraying comprises at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 70, 100, 200, 500, or 1000 times, for example, at least 2 times, preferably at least 5 times, more preferably at least 10 times, even more preferably at least 50 times, even more preferably at least 100 times, and even more preferably at least 500 separate sprayings by unmanned aerial spraying vehicles. In certain embodiments, each separate spraying is carried out on a part of the area that is at least partially different from the part of the area of ​​other sprayings. In certain embodiments, spraying is carried out by multiple unmanned aerial spraying devices.In certain embodiments, the plurality comprises at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 70, 100, 200, 500, or 1000, for example, at least 2, preferably at least 5, more preferably at least 10, even more preferably at least 50, even more preferably at least 100, and even more preferably at least 500 unmanned aerial spraying vehicles. In certain embodiments, the unmanned aerial spraying vehicle is a drone. In certain embodiments, for example, the same number of manned aerial spraying vehicles as unmanned aircraft are used. In certain embodiments, a combination of manned aerial spraying vehicles and unmanned aerial spraying vehicles is used, and this can be any suitable combination. In certain embodiments, the composition, or a derivative produced therefrom, is applied over an area of ​​at least 10, 100, 1000, 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 100M, or 1B hectares, e.g., at least 10, preferably at least 100, more preferably at least 10,000, even more preferably at least 1M, even more preferably at least 10M, and even more preferably at least 100M. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises applying one or more soil amendments to the soil. In certain embodiments, the soil amendments comprise one or more minerals and / or one or more carbon sources for the microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises measuring the carbon content of the soil in the area prior to application(s). In certain embodiments, the method further comprises measuring the carbon content of the soil in the area after application(s).

[0083] 5. Carbon Provided herein are methods and compositions related to increasing the carbon content of soil and / or plants growing in the soil by methods including applying a microbial composition or its derivatives to the soil. The microbial composition or derivative may be applied directly to the soil, for example, as part of a liquid or solid composition. In some cases, the microbial composition is considered to have been "applied" to the soil when seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation materials containing the microbial composition are applied to the soil and allowed to grow. Such treatment can alter the characteristics of the soil and the plants growing therein so that more carbon is transferred from the atmosphere to the soil and / or plants than would occur without the application of the microbial composition or its derivatives. In most cases, no or minimal other changes to the soil or plants are required, e.g., no changes to plant types, agricultural practices, etc. are required to increase the carbon content. These methods can reduce or eliminate carbon emissions in agricultural activities, such as growing commercial or other crops or raising farm animals, or even create activities that are carbon negative. Thus, for example, the production of farmed animals, such as livestock production, can be transformed from an activity that contributes significantly to global carbon emissions to an activity that contributes significantly less carbon, or is carbon negative. In certain cases, the microbial composition or its derivatives are sprayed on areas that are largely or completely uncultivated. In certain cases, the microbial composition or its derivatives are sprayed on one or more grasslands, for example, one or more grasslands that are largely or completely uncultivated. In certain cases, the microbial composition or its derivatives are sprayed on one or more forests, for example, one or more forests that are largely or completely uncultivated. In certain cases, some or all of the land on which the microbial composition or its derivatives are present constitutes damaged soil and / or plant ecosystems, such as deforested areas. In certain cases, the spraying of the microbial composition or its derivatives is carried out on a large scale, such as treating hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, millions, or even tens of millions of square miles. In such cases, a huge amount of carbon can be removed from the atmosphere and converted into carbon in the soil and / or plants.

[0084] In addition to increasing the removal of carbon from the atmosphere to soil and / or plants, the use of a microbial composition or its derivatives may provide additional benefits. These may include one or more of the following: reduced water use for growing plants, increased plant biomass, improved bioavailability of plant nutrients in the soil, increased nutrient absorption by plants, increased nutrient content in plants, and improved soil properties (e.g., density, water-holding capacity, and / or beneficial microorganism content) compared to when the microbial composition or its derivatives are not used. Thus, users may enjoy one or more economic benefits, including financial benefits, associated with increased conversion of atmospheric carbon to carbon in soil and / or plants.

[0085] Thus, in certain embodiments, the method includes applying a composition comprising one or more microorganisms to a plant and / or soil in a first application to increase the rate at which atmospheric carbon is converted to carbon products in the soil and / or plant in which the plant is grown, the rate being greater than the rate in a reference soil and / or plant in which the plant is grown without the composition. In certain embodiments, the rate of conversion of atmospheric carbon to carbon products in the soil and / or plant in which the plant is grown is increased by at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 220, 250, 300, 350, or 400%. An increase of 350, 400, or 500% or less, such as at least 20%, preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 100%, or for example 10-500%, preferably 20-500%, more preferably 40-400%, even more preferably 40-350%, even more preferably 50-300%, even more preferably 60-300%. In certain embodiments, the increased conversion rate results in an increase in soil carbon content relative to a reference soil of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 23, 25, 27, or 30 metric tonnes of carbon per hectare per year, and / or up to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 23, 25, 27, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 metric tonnes of carbon per hectare per year, such as at least 1, preferably at least 3, more preferably at least 5, even more preferably at least 10, even more preferably at least 15, even more preferably at least 20, or such as from 1 to 50, preferably from 3 to 40, more preferably from 5 to 40, even more preferably from 10 to 40, even more preferably from 10 to 35, even more preferably from 10 to 30 metric tonnes of carbon per hectare per year.In certain embodiments, the increased conversion rate is at least 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 kg / m compared to a reference soil. 3 , and / or 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 kg / m 3 / year or less, for example, 0.5 to 40, preferably 2 to 40, more preferably 5 to 40, even more preferably 7 to 35, even more preferably 7 to 30, and even more preferably 7 to 25 kg / m 3 This results in an increase in soil carbon content per year.

[0086] In certain embodiments, the method includes increasing soil carbon content, including growing a plant in the soil for a period of time, where the soil and / or plant is treated by (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil in which the plant is growing or to be grown, and / or to the plant, and (ii) providing suitable conditions for the plant to grow in the soil for a period of time, thereby increasing the soil carbon content. In certain embodiments, the period of time is at least 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11 months, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 years, and / or 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11 months, or up to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or 25 years, such as 1 month to 20 years, preferably 1 month to 10 years, more preferably 3 months to 5 years, even more preferably 3 months to 2 years, even more preferably 3 months to 1 year, and even more preferably 4 months to 1 year.

[0087] In certain embodiments, the method includes reducing the overall carbon footprint of an agricultural operation, wherein the method includes growing plants in soil for a period of time, and the soil and / or plants are treated by (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil in which the plants are growing or to be grown, and / or to the plants, and (ii) providing suitable conditions for the plants to grow in the soil for a period of time, and / or using such plants in the agricultural operation, thereby reducing the carbon footprint of the agricultural operation. In certain embodiments, the agricultural operation includes growing a commercial crop, such as a commercial crop described herein (e.g., Section II.B.10). In certain embodiments, the carbon footprint is reduced by at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 98, or 99%, or 100%, preferably by at least 5%, more preferably by at least 10%, and even more preferably by at least 20%. In certain embodiments, agricultural activities are carbon negative, e.g., more carbon is removed from the atmosphere by the agricultural activities than is produced. In certain embodiments, the agricultural activities include raising farmed animals. In certain embodiments, a method of reducing the overall carbon footprint associated with raising farmed animals is provided, the method comprising feeding and / or consuming plants or plant parts to the animals, where the plants have been or are growing in soil sprayed with a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms, the composition (i) increasing carbon dioxide transfer from the atmosphere to the soil, thereby increasing the carbon content of the soil compared to the absence of the composition, (ii) increasing plant biomass in a given area compared to the absence of the composition, thereby reducing carbon produced per unit plant biomass, and / or (iii) increasing the nutrient density of the plants compared to the absence of the composition, thereby reducing the plant biomass used to increase a given amount of economically valuable attributes of the farmed animals, or a combination thereof, thereby reducing the overall carbon footprint associated with raising the farmed animals.In certain embodiments, the carbon footprint is reduced by at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 98, or 99%, or 100%, preferably at least 5%, more preferably at least 10%, and even more preferably at least 20%. In certain embodiments, the agricultural activity is carbon negative, e.g., more carbon is removed from the atmosphere by the agricultural activity than is produced. In certain embodiments, the economically valuable attribute includes the animal's body weight. In certain embodiments, the economically valuable attribute includes the nutritional value of a substance provided by the animal. In certain embodiments, the economically valuable attribute includes the quantity of a product produced by the animal. The method of claim 830, wherein the economically valuable attribute includes an increase in the nutrient density of the animal-derived substance or material for human consumption, e.g., meat, organs, milk, or eggs. In certain embodiments, the increase in nutrient density includes an increase in protein content, an increase in mineral content, an increase in vitamin content, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the increased nutrient density comprises an increased mineral content, where the mineral content comprises calcium, magnesium, iron, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the animal comprises a cow, bison, goat, sheep, dairy cow, poultry (such as chickens, geese, and ducks), pig, or horse. In certain embodiments, the animal is a cow. In certain embodiments, the plants or plant parts that are fed or grazed by the cow for at least a portion of their growth comprise grass. In certain embodiments, grass comprises pasture or range grass. In certain embodiments, the plants or plant parts that are fed or grazed by the cow for at least a portion of their growth comprise grain. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, or 99%, or 100%, of the plants or plant parts that are fed and / or consumed by the animal are plants or plant parts that have grown or are growing in soil that has been sprayed with a composition comprising the plurality of microorganisms, hi certain embodiments, methane production from the soil in which the plants have grown or are growing is reduced.In certain embodiments, the carbon footprint is reduced by at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 95%, or 100%, such as at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 50%, even more preferably at least 80%, and even more preferably at least 90%. In certain embodiments, farmed animal farming becomes entirely carbon negative.

[0088] Certain embodiments provide methods for reducing soil methane production, comprising growing a plant in soil for a period of time, wherein the soil and / or plant is treated by (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil in which the plant is growing or to be grown, the plant, and / or a seed of the plant, and (ii) providing conditions for the plant to grow in the soil, thereby increasing the reduction of soil methane production.

[0089] In certain embodiments, a method of obtaining a monetary benefit, such as carbon credits and / or other credits, is provided, the method comprising growing a plant in an area of ​​soil for a period of time (wherein the soil and / or plant is treated by (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil in which the plant is growing or to be grown, the plant, and / or a seed of the plant, and (ii) providing conditions for the plant to grow in the soil), (iii) determining an increase in soil carbon content and / or other characteristic in the area of ​​soil over the period of time that may result in a monetary benefit, and (iv) obtaining a monetary benefit, such as carbon credits and / or other credits, based at least in part on (iii).

[0090] In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to a first entity that manufactures, distributes, or otherwise supplies one or more compositions comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to one or more second entities, and a second entity or plurality of second entities that (a) owns, controls, or otherwise has rights to land in an area of ​​land where plants grow, and (b) uses the one or more compositions in a manner that includes applying them to plants, plant parts, plant seeds, and / or soil where the plants grow, thereby achieving one or more economic benefits for the second entity or each of the plurality of second entities that are attributable in whole or in part to the use of the one or more compositions (where the area of ​​land is at least 1000, 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 250M, or 500M hectares, and / or 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 250M, or 500M hectares). (iii) a contract between a first entity and a second entity, or between the first entity and each of a plurality of second entities, that defines an allocation of economic benefits between the first entity and the second entity, or between the first entity and each of a plurality of second entities; and (iv) a processor that receives information regarding the contract and information regarding the one or more economic benefits, determines an allocation between the first entity and the second entity, or between the first entity and each of a plurality of second entities, and communicates information including the allocation to the first and / or second entities. In certain embodiments, the second entity includes a government entity. In certain embodiments, the second entity includes a private entity.In certain embodiments, the system includes a plurality of second entities, wherein the plurality of second entities includes at least 5, 10, 20, 50, 70, 100, 150, 200, 250, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, or 50,000 entities and / or 10, 20, 50, 70, 100, 150, 200, 250, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, 50,000, or 100,000 entities. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99% of the second entities are private agricultural entities. In certain embodiments, the economic benefit includes carbon credits based at least in part on the increase in carbon in the soil. In certain embodiments, the economic benefit includes monetary benefit attributable to the plants. In certain embodiments, the monetary benefit includes payment for the plant or plant part. In certain embodiments, the monetary benefit includes obtaining additional carbon credits for carbon stored in the plant. In certain embodiments, the plant is a tree. In certain embodiments, the monetary benefit includes monetary benefit from animals eating the plant.

[0091] The methods of this section may use any suitable microbial composition, for example, a composition comprising multiple different microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the microbial composition described herein, or a derivative thereof, is used. Any suitable protocol, for example, a method described herein, may be used to apply the microbial composition or a derivative thereof. In certain embodiments, a delayed release composition is used. In certain embodiments, aerial application by one or more unmanned vehicles, for example, as described herein, is used.

[0092] Any suitable area of ​​land may be used. In certain embodiments, the area is at least 1000, 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 250M, or 500M hectares, and / or up to 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 250M, 500M, or 1B hectares, for example, from 1000 to 1B, preferably from 10,000 to 1B, more preferably from 100,000 to 1B, even more preferably from 1M to 1B, even more preferably from 10M to 1B, and even more preferably from 50M to 1B hectares.

[0093] In certain embodiments, the method includes increasing total soil carbon. Additionally or alternatively, in certain embodiments, the method includes increasing total soil organic carbon. Additionally or alternatively, in certain embodiments, the method includes increasing total soil inorganic carbon. Additionally or alternatively, in certain embodiments, the method includes increasing mineral-adsorbed organic matter (MAOM). Additionally or alternatively, in certain embodiments, the method includes increasing particulate organic matter (POM). Additionally or alternatively, in certain embodiments, the method includes increasing microbial necromass. Additionally or alternatively, in certain embodiments, the method includes increasing soil aggregates. Additionally or alternatively, in certain embodiments, the method includes increasing root biomass or a component of root biomass.

[0094] The method also includes increasing the carbon content of the plant, i.e., the above-ground part of the plant. The plant in the method can include any suitable plant, for example, one or more of the plants described in Section IB10.

[0095] In certain embodiments, the method further comprises improving one or more soil properties and / or plant growing characteristics. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises improving soil density. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further comprises increasing plant biomass. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further comprises reducing water usage for growing the plant. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further comprises increasing the water retention capacity of the soil. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further comprises increasing nutrient absorption by the plant from the soil. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further comprises increasing the nutrient content of the plant or plant part. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further comprises increasing the content of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and / or the plant or plant part. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further comprises reducing the use of one or more herbicides, pesticides, or fertilizers, such as synthetic herbicides, synthetic pesticides, or synthetic fertilizers, to grow the plant. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further comprises reducing nitrous oxide by reduction and / or omission.Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further comprises increasing the biodiversity of the community, for example, increasing microbial biodiversity.

[0096] In certain embodiments, the method further includes realizing economic benefits from increasing soil carbon or increasing a component of soil carbon. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further includes realizing economic benefits from reduced water usage. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further includes realizing economic benefits from reducing nitrous oxide through reduction and / or elimination. Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments, the method further includes realizing economic benefits from increasing community biodiversity, e.g., increasing microbial biodiversity. Economic benefits can include credits, such as carbon credits, or other credits related to aspects other than carbon, as described above.

[0097] Various carbon measurements may be used alone or in combination with measurements of other soil properties or carbon pools in the soil. Where it is desired to obtain carbon credits or other monetary benefits based at least in part on increased soil carbon content, measurements that comply with or are appropriately validated for the required measurements by the issuing or other relevant authority are used. Properties measured or calculated from measurements include one or more of the following: total soil carbon, total organic carbon, total inorganic carbon, plant organic matter (POM), mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM), root biomass, viable microbial mass, microbial necromass, plant root exudates, and / or soil aggregates. In embodiments where values ​​of properties of soil and / or plants treated with a microbial composition are compared to values ​​of a reference (untreated) soil and / or plants, the same measurement and analytical techniques are typically used for the treated and reference soils. A particular measurement involves analyzing one or more soil samples, e.g., typically one or more core samples taken to a particular depth in the soil. Any suitable depth may be used. In certain embodiments, the depth is at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 100 cm, and / or no more than 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, or 150 cm, preferably 5-150 cm, more preferably 10-100 cm, and even more preferably 20-100 cm, e.g., 10-100 cm. In certain embodiments, the sample is taken to the depth of the roots of plants growing in the soil. The soil sample is then analyzed for one or more properties. In certain embodiments, one or more measurements are performed that do not require a soil sample, and any suitable technique may be used, such as a probe inserted into the soil, satellite imagery, and / or lidar measurements. Any suitable number of samples or measurements may be used in the soil sample or for the properties measured by the probe, and this number may vary depending on reporting and verification requirements or other requirements.

[0098] Total soil carbon may be measured by any suitable technique. In certain embodiments, total soil carbon is measured from a soil sample, e.g., a core sample. Techniques for measuring total soil carbon in a soil sample are known in the art. In certain embodiments, total soil carbon is measured by methods that do not require a soil sample, such as by a probe inserted into the soil and / or by ground-based measurements such as satellite imagery and / or lidar. In certain embodiments, a probe is used. Any suitable probe may be used, as long as it has the required level of accuracy and precision for the measurement and is approved by the carbon credit issuing agency or other relevant organization. In addition to total carbon, the probe may measure other soil properties, such as pH, bulk density, soil organic matter, soil inorganic matter, carbonaceous soil minerals, nitrate, ammonia, soil moisture, microbial biomass, basal respiration rate, fungal / bacterial ratio, water holding capacity, and / or soil texture. Exemplary probes include those available from Soil in Formation (SIF), 9666 Olive Blvd., Suite 625, Saint Louis, Missouri 63132, USA, or PES Technologies, Diss, East Anglia, UK. Plant organic matter (POM), mineral-adsorbed organic matter (MAOM), viable microbial mass, microbial necromass, plant root exudates, and / or soil aggregates may be measured by any suitable method, such as methods known in the art. In certain embodiments, one or more measurements are performed on a soil sample. In certain embodiments, one or more measurements are performed without the need for a soil sample (e.g., using a probe). One or more soil properties that may affect the stability of carbon in the soil may also be measured, such as the stability of one or more carbon pools in the soil. These may include bulk density, soil moisture, soil texture, and / or soil temperature. Additionally or alternatively, soil aggregate stability may be measured. In certain embodiments, one or more measurements are performed on a soil sample. In certain embodiments, one or more measurements are performed without the need for a soil sample (e.g., using a probe), such as one or more of bulk density, soil moisture, soil texture, and / or soil temperature.In certain embodiments, all of these properties are measured without the need for a soil sample (e.g., by using a probe). Additionally, soil respiration may be measured in a soil sample or without the need for a soil sample (e.g., by a probe). In certain embodiments, one or more of the above properties are combined to provide one or more values ​​for carbon in the soil, such as one or more values ​​for a particular stability or a particular minimum stability of carbon to comply with the requirements of a carbon credit issuing agency or related institution.

[0099] 6.Use In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides the use of compositions disclosed herein to increase the carbon content of soil in which plants are growing compared to before the use of the composition.In certain embodiments, the soil comprises an area of ​​at least 1000, 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, or 100M hectares.In certain embodiments, the carbon content increases by at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 23, 25, 27, or 30 metric tons / hectare, and / or by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 23, 25, 27, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 metric tons / hectare or less, where the soil carbon content is measured to a depth of 20 cm.In certain embodiments, the soil is grass-covered soil.

[0100] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of a composition disclosed herein to reduce methane production in soil in which a plant is growing compared to before use of the composition.

[0101] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of a composition disclosed herein to coat the surface of a seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material with one or more microorganisms of the composition.

[0102] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of the compositions disclosed herein to increase beneficial organisms in soil where plants are grown and the composition is applied, compared to when the composition is not applied.

[0103] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of the compositions disclosed herein for transitioning to organic agriculture in 3 years or less, or 2 years or less, or 1.5 years or less.

[0104] In certain embodiments, provided herein is a use of a composition disclosed herein to increase soil density, soil water holding capacity, or soil moisture retention capacity of a soil in which a plant is growing compared to the absence of the composition.

[0105] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of a composition disclosed herein to increase mycorrhizal fungi on or within the roots of a plant compared to a reference plant.

[0106] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of the compositions disclosed herein to prevent or reduce flooding.

[0107] In certain embodiments, provided herein is a use of a composition disclosed herein to reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers, herbicides, and / or pesticides on a plant or the soil in which the plant grows compared to the absence of the composition.

[0108] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of a composition disclosed herein to increase nutrient uptake by a plant growing in soil to which the composition has been applied, compared to the absence of the composition.

[0109] In certain embodiments, provided herein is a use of a composition disclosed herein to reduce the absorption of one or more toxins, e.g., heavy metals, by plants growing in soil comprising the composition.

[0110] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of a composition disclosed herein to increase the plant nutrient density of a plant growing in soil to which the composition has been applied, compared to the absence of the composition.

[0111] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of the compositions disclosed herein for reducing the carbon footprint of livestock farming.

[0112] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of the compositions disclosed herein to increase oil production in plants that are not cannabis.

[0113] In certain embodiments, provided herein is the use of the compositions disclosed herein to regenerate degraded soil.

[0114] 7. Adjustment of soil properties In certain embodiments, a method for adjusting one or more properties of soil is provided. Generally, the adjustment improves one or more soil properties. "Improved" soil properties, as the term is used herein, include properties adjusted by the method to favorably affect the germination, growth, quality, or other desired characteristics of plants grown and / or maintained in the soil, and / or generally improve the soil's resistance to drought, flooding, pests, etc. Soil properties that can be adjusted (e.g., improved) include soil density, soil water-holding capacity (WHC), density of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, soil water retention, bioavailability of one or more plant nutrients in the soil, and / or carbon content of the soil.

[0115] In certain embodiments, there is provided a method of adjusting, e.g., improving, one or more properties of soil in which a plant is grown and / or maintained, the method comprising growing the plant in the soil for a period of time (wherein the soil and / or plant are treated by (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil and / or plant in which the plant is growing or to be grown, and (ii) providing suitable conditions for the plant to grow in the soil for a period of time), thereby adjusting, e.g., improving, the one or more properties compared to a reference soil and plant.

[0116] In certain embodiments, a method for increasing the water-holding capacity of soil in which a plant is grown is provided, the method comprising growing a plant in the soil for a period of time (wherein the soil and / or plant are treated by (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms or derivatives thereof to the soil and / or plant in which the plant is growing or to be grown, and (ii) providing suitable conditions for the plant to grow in the soil for a period of time), thereby increasing the water-holding capacity, e.g., WHC, of ​​the soil compared to a reference soil and plant. In certain embodiments, the WHC is increased by at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500%, e.g., by at least 5, preferably at least 10, more preferably at least 15, even more preferably at least 20, even more preferably at least 25, and even more preferably at least 30%, compared to the reference over the period of time. In certain embodiments, the WHC is increased by at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% w / w, and / or by no more than 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% w / w, for example, 20-70%, preferably 25-65%, more preferably 25-55%, even more preferably 30-65%, even more preferably 35-65%, and even more preferably 35-55%, over a period of time.

[0117] In certain embodiments, a method is provided for converting one or more plant nutrients in soil in which a plant is growing from a non-bioavailable form to a bioavailable form, comprising: (i) applying a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil and / or the plant in which the plant is growing or to be grown; and (ii) providing conditions suitable for plant growth and microbial growth and / or other action for a period of time sufficient to convert one or more plant nutrients in the soil from a non-bioavailable form to a bioavailable form, thereby converting the one or more plant nutrients from a non-bioavailable form to a bioavailable form. In certain embodiments, the bioavailable form of phytonutrients is at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, or 400% and / or 0, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 500, 700, or 1000% or more. In certain embodiments, the plant nutrient is increased by at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 15%, even more preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 50%, or for example, by at least 5-1000%, preferably 5-700%, more preferably 10-1000%, even more preferably 10-700%, even more preferably 10-500%, and even more preferably 20-500%. In certain embodiments, the plant nutrient is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the plant nutrient is nitrogen. In certain embodiments, the plant nutrient is phosphorus. In certain embodiments, the plant nutrient is potassium. In certain embodiments, the plant nutrient is calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), boron (B), molybdenum (Mo), silicon (Si), cobalt (Co), selenium (Se), or chloride (Cl), or a combination thereof.In certain embodiments, the plant nutrient is calcium (Ca).In certain embodiments, the nutrient is magnesium (Mg).In certain embodiments, the nutrient is sulfur (S). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is sodium (Na). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is iron (Fe). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is manganese (Mn). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is zinc (Zn). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is copper (Cu). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is nickel (Ni). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is boron (B). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is molybdenum (Mo). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is silicon (Si). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is cobalt (Co). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is selenium (Se). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is chloride (Cl). In certain embodiments, the method further comprises reducing or eliminating absorption of the toxin by the plant.

[0118] The one or more properties may include soil density, for example, where the density of the soil is improved. In certain embodiments, the soil density before the first application is outside of the optimal range. In certain embodiments, the soil density after a period of time is within the optimal range. In certain embodiments, the density is increased to at least 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1.45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, or 1.70, and at least 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1.45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, or 1.70. 0.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, 1.70, 1.75, 1.80, 1.85, 1.90, or 1.95 or less, for example, 1.0 to 1.90, preferably 1.05 to 1.85, more preferably 1.10 to 1.50, even more preferably 1.20 to 1.75, even more preferably 1.35 to 1.70, and even more preferably 1.55 to 1.85 g / cm 3The soil is adjusted to dry weight. In certain embodiments, the one or more properties include the water holding capacity (WHC) of the soil, in which case the WHC of the soil is increased. In certain embodiments, the WHC is increased by at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500%, for example, by at least 5, preferably at least 10, more preferably at least 15, even more preferably at least 20, even more preferably at least 25, and even more preferably at least 30% over a period of time compared to a reference. In certain embodiments, the WHC is increased by at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% w / w and / or no more than 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% w / w, for example, 20-70%, preferably 25-65%, more preferably 25-55%, even more preferably 30-65%, even more preferably 35-65%, and even more preferably 35-55%, over a period of time. In certain embodiments, the one or more properties include soil water retention, in which case the water retention capacity of the soil is increased. In certain embodiments, the water retention is increased by at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 300, 400, or 500% over a period of time compared to a reference, such as by at least 5, preferably at least 10, more preferably at least 15, even more preferably at least 20, even more preferably at least 25, and even more preferably at least 30%. In certain embodiments, the one or more properties include the density of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, in which case the density is increased. In certain embodiments, the density of beneficial microorganisms is increased by at least 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000, or 10,000% and / or 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000, 10,000, or 100,000% or less, such as by at least 100%, preferably at least 500%, and more preferably at least 1000%.In certain embodiments, the one or more properties include the bioavailability of one or more plant nutrients in the soil, where the bioavailability of the one or more nutrients is increased. In certain embodiments, the period of time is at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, or 24 months, and / or not more than 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 30, or 36 months, e.g., 1 to 36, preferably 2 to 30, more preferably 4 to 24, even more preferably 4 to 12, even more preferably 6 to 20, and even more preferably 6 to 18 months. In certain embodiments, the method further includes increasing the carbon content of the soil relative to a reference within the period of time. In certain embodiments, the carbon content of the soil in which the plant is growing is increased by at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 220, 250, 300, 350, or 400% and / or by at least 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 220, 250, 300, 350, or 400% relative to a reference within a period of time. 00, or 500% or less, for example, at least 20%, preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 100%, or, for example, by 10 to 500%, preferably 20 to 500%, more preferably 40 to 400%, even more preferably 40 to 350%, even more preferably 50 to 300%, even more preferably 60 to 300%.In certain embodiments, the increase in soil carbon content compared to the reference is at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 23, 25, 27, or 30 metric tonnes of carbon per hectare, and / or no more than 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 23, 25, 27, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 metric tonnes of carbon per hectare, for example, where soil carbon content is measured to a depth as described herein, such as at least 1, preferably at least 3, more preferably at least 5, even more preferably at least 10, even more preferably at least 15, even more preferably at least 20, or such as from 1 to 50, preferably from 3 to 40, more preferably from 5 to 40, even more preferably from 10 to 40, even more preferably from 10 to 35, even more preferably from 10 to 30 metric tonnes of carbon per hectare. In certain embodiments, the increase in soil carbon content after a period of time is at least 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 kg / m. 3 soil, and / or 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 kg / m 3 For example, 0.5 to 40, preferably 2 to 40, more preferably 5 to 40, even more preferably 7 to 35, even more preferably 7 to 30, and even more preferably 7 to 25 kg / m 3 In certain embodiments, soil carbon content is measured to a depth of at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90 cm, and / or up to 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 100 cm, for example, 10-100 cm, preferably 10-80 cm, more preferably 15-75 cm, even more preferably 15-60 cm, even more preferably 15-50 cm, even more preferably 15-30 cm, and in some cases 20 cm.

[0119] Any suitable microbial composition may be used in the methods of this section, for example, a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant and / or soil. , 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 or fewer different microorganisms, for example, at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably 10-140, more preferably 20-120, even more preferably 40-100, and even more preferably 50-100. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant. The microorganisms may comprise up to 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 different microorganisms, such as at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably between 10 and 140, more preferably between 20 and 120, even more preferably between 40 and 100, and even more preferably between 50 and 100. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, such as at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are rhizobacteria.In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are saprophytic. In certain embodiments, the different microorganisms are Streptomyces.

[0120] In certain embodiments, the microbial composition or its derivatives described herein are used. Any suitable protocol, such as the method described herein, can be used to spread the microbial composition or its derivatives. In certain embodiments, a delayed release composition is used. In certain embodiments, aerial spraying by one or more unmanned vehicles is used, for example, as described herein.

[0121] The plants in the soil may be any suitable plants, for example, a plant described herein, for example, one or more of the plants described in section IB10.

[0122] 8. Reducing water usage As water becomes a scarce resource and droughts and other extreme weather events become more frequent, it is desirable to reduce the amount of water required for plant germination, growth, and maintenance. Provided herein are methods and compositions for reducing plant water usage, e.g., reducing the amount of water required for plant germination, growth, and / or maintenance, using one or more microorganisms, e.g., a composition comprising a plurality of microorganisms. The reduction in water usage is generally compared to the amount of water usage before the use of the composition. It will be appreciated that reducing water usage in operations that provide water for plant growth significantly reduces the costs associated with the operation. For example, reducing water requirements and improving soil, as described herein, can also increase drought tolerance in both commercially cultivated plants and uncultivated plants, such as in rangelands, grasslands, and forests. This can also reduce the frequency and / or severity of environmental damage caused by various factors, such as fires (e.g., wildfires) and / or floods, which may include higher plant and / or soil moisture content, improved plant and soil health, increased production of fire-resistant plant material, and / or higher plant densities. Because water requirements are reduced, more land may become available for plants, e.g., agriculture. Plant areas may also increase in grasslands, rangelands, forests, and other non-irrigated areas. Other concomitant effects, such as increased plant biomass, community biodiversity (e.g., microbial community biodiversity), plant nutrient content, soil and / or plant carbon, and / or other beneficial effects, such as those described herein, may occur.

[0123] In certain embodiments, a method for reducing water use for growing and / or maintaining a plant in soil is provided, the method comprising growing and / or maintaining a plant in soil for a period of time (wherein the soil and / or plant are treated by (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms or derivatives thereof to the soil, the plant, and (ii) providing suitable conditions for growing and / or maintaining the plant in the soil for a period of time), thereby reducing the amount of water required to produce a predetermined amount of biomass from the plant and / or maintain the plant in a desired state for the period of time compared to the amount of water required to produce biomass and / or maintain the plant in a desired state for a reference soil and plant.

[0124] Any suitable microbial composition may be used in the methods of this section, for example, a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant and / or soil. , 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 or fewer different microorganisms, for example, at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably 10-140, more preferably 20-120, even more preferably 40-100, and even more preferably 50-100. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant. The microorganisms may comprise up to 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 different microorganisms, such as at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably between 10 and 140, more preferably between 20 and 120, even more preferably between 40 and 100, and even more preferably between 50 and 100. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, such as at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are rhizobacteria.In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are saprophytic. In certain embodiments, the different microorganisms are Streptomyces.

[0125] In certain embodiments, the microbial composition or its derivatives described herein are used. Any suitable protocol, such as the method described herein, can be used to spread the microbial composition or its derivatives. In certain embodiments, a delayed release composition is used. In certain embodiments, aerial spraying by one or more unmanned vehicles is used, for example, as described herein.

[0126] The plants in the soil may be any suitable plants, for example, a plant described herein, for example, one or more of the plants described in section IB10.

[0127] 9. Obtaining economic benefits In certain embodiments, a method for deriving economic benefit from land on which plants grow is provided, wherein the land comprises at least 10, 100, 1000, 10,000, 100,000, 1M, or 10M hectares, the method comprising: (i) obtaining and using one or more compositions comprising a microbial consortium, wherein (a) the one or more compositions are manufactured, distributed, or otherwise distributed to a second entity, or to a plurality of second entities, or to a third entity, that owns, manages, operates, or has other rights over land within the area of ​​the land on which the plants grow, and / or that is at least partially controlled, directly or indirectly, by the second entity; (b) a second entity or a plurality of second entities uses the one or more compositions in a manner that includes applying the one or more compositions to plants, plant parts, plant seeds, and / or soil in which the plants grow, thereby achieving, for the second entity or each of the plurality of second entities, one or more economic benefits based in whole or in part on the use of the one or more compositions; (ii) determining an amount of the one or more economic benefits; and (iii) allocating the amount of the one or more economic benefits between the first entity and the second entity, or between the first entity and each of the plurality of second entities. In certain embodiments, the allocation is made pursuant to a contract(s) between the first entity and the second entity, or between the first entity and each of the plurality of second entities. In certain embodiments, the allocation is performed by a processor that receives information regarding one or more economic benefits and contracts, processes the information to determine quantitative value(s) of the economic benefits to allocate between the first entity and the second entity, or between the first entity and each of a plurality of second entities, and communicates the quantitative value(s) to the first and / or second entity. In certain embodiments, the second entity includes a government entity. In certain embodiments, the second entity includes a private entity.In certain embodiments, the system further includes a plurality of second entities, the plurality of second entities including at least 5, 10, 20, 50, 70, 100, 150, 200, 250, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, or 50,000 entities and / or 10, 20, 50, 70, 100, 150, 200, 250, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, 50,000, or 100,000 entities. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99% of the second entities are private agricultural entities. In certain embodiments, the economic benefit includes carbon credits based at least in part on the increase in carbon in the soil. In certain embodiments, the economic benefit includes monetary benefit attributable to the plants. In certain embodiments, the economic benefit includes payment for the plant or plant part. In certain embodiments, the economic benefit includes obtaining additional carbon credits for carbon stored in the plant. In certain embodiments, the plant is a tree. In certain embodiments, the monetary benefit includes monetary benefit obtained from animals eating the plant. The plant can be any suitable plant, for example, a plant described herein.

[0128] 10. Repair and restoration Microbial compositions, such as those disclosed herein, can be used to restore or repair land damaged or degraded by human activity (such that the land is unable to support and / or sustain previously grown plants, or is only able to support and / or sustain a limited amount of previously grown plants). Each year, 10 million hectares of land are abandoned due to soil erosion and / or declining productivity, and another 10 million hectares are abandoned due to salinization. Globally, nearly one-third of agricultural land has been lost since 1960, and even remaining agricultural land is predicted to be losing topsoil at a rate 6 to 10 times faster than soil formation. To replace lost cropland, much of the world's tropical rainforests have been cut down, driving land loss that currently accounts for more than 60% of deforestation worldwide. Use of microbial compositions as described herein can partially or completely restore such land and regenerate one or more plants on the land. Vegetation can be restored even in areas where soil is partially or completely depleted.Such land is, for example, subject to drought, flood, or other environmental degradation that is not experienced by undamaged or undegraded land, or is not subject to environmental degradation to the same extent as damaged or degraded land.Such degradation or damage may be caused by a variety of factors, many, most, or all of which can be partially or completely restored by using one or more microbial compositions as disclosed herein.

[0129] In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for regenerating vegetation in soil that has been partially or completely depleted of one or more vegetation and / or has a reduced capacity to grow and / or maintain new vegetation, the methods comprising: (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil, plants growing or to be grown in the soil, and / or seeds of the plants; and (ii) providing suitable conditions for plant growth in the soil for a period of time. In certain embodiments, the period of time is at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, or 24 months, and / or no longer than 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 30, or 36 months, e.g., 1 to 36, preferably 2 to 30, more preferably 4 to 24, even more preferably 4 to 12, even more preferably 6 to 20, and even more preferably 6 to 18 months. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises disposing plant seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material on or within the soil. In certain embodiments, the vegetation comprises one or more grasses and is partially or completely depleted by overgrazing. In certain embodiments, the vegetation comprises one or more trees and is partially or completely depleted by deforestation. In certain embodiments, the vegetation comprises one or more commercial crops and has been partially or completely depleted by improper management practices.

[0130] In certain embodiments, there is provided a method for remediating damaged or degraded soil, comprising: (i) applying to the soil a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms; and (ii) providing conditions suitable for plant growth in the soil for a period of time, in certain embodiments, the period of time is at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, or 24 months, and / or up to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 30, or 36 months, e.g., 1 to 36, preferably 2 to 30, more preferably 4 to 24, even more preferably 4 to 12, even more preferably 6 to 20, and even more preferably 6 to 18 months.

[0131] In certain embodiments, a method is provided for reducing or eliminating flooding in a land that has experienced or is likely to experience flooding (the soil of the land having plants growing therein, growing therein, or to be grown therein), the method comprising: (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil, plants, and / or plant seeds; and (ii) providing suitable conditions for plant growth in the soil for a period of time, thereby reducing or eliminating flooding in the land. In certain embodiments, the period of time is at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, or 24 months, and / or no longer than 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 30, or 36 months, such as 1 to 36, preferably 2 to 30, more preferably 4 to 24, even more preferably 4 to 12, even more preferably 6 to 20, and even more preferably 6 to 18 months.

[0132] Any suitable microbial composition may be used in the methods of this section, for example, a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant and / or soil. , 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 or fewer different microorganisms, for example, at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably 10-140, more preferably 20-120, even more preferably 40-100, and even more preferably 50-100. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant. The microorganisms may comprise up to 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 different microorganisms, such as at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably between 10 and 140, more preferably between 20 and 120, even more preferably between 40 and 100, and even more preferably between 50 and 100. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, such as at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are rhizobacteria.In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are saprophytic. In certain embodiments, the different microorganisms are Streptomyces.

[0133] In certain embodiments, the microbial composition or its derivatives described herein are used. Any suitable protocol, such as the method described herein, can be used to spread the microbial composition or its derivatives. In certain embodiments, a delayed release composition is used. In certain embodiments, aerial spraying by one or more unmanned vehicles is used, for example, as described herein.

[0134] The plants in the soil may be any suitable plants, for example, a plant described herein, for example, one or more of the plants described in section IB10.

[0135] 11. Nutrients Microbial compositions such as those disclosed herein can be used to increase nutrient absorption and / or nutrient content in plants. Such an increase can be, for example, an increase in nutrients useful for plant growth, repair, maintenance, etc., and / or an increase in nutrients for animals that consume the plant or plant parts (e.g., farmed animals that consume the plant as at least part of their feed, or humans that consume the plant). Increasing nutrient availability to plants, such as by converting non- or less bioavailable substances into bioavailable forms, can provide numerous benefits. It will be appreciated that one major advantage is that the need for synthetic fertilizers, and therefore the need for synthetic versions, of nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, and / or other plant nutrients may be more readily available from natural sources in the soil.

[0136] In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for increasing the density of one or more nutrients in a plant or plant part, e.g., a plant or plant part for consumption by an animal, the methods comprising: (i) applying a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil and / or plant in which the plant is growing or to be grown; and (ii) providing suitable conditions for plant growth, e.g., for a period of time sufficient to make the plant or plant part suitable for consumption by an animal, thereby increasing the density of one or more nutrients in the plant or plant part compared to a reference plant or plant part. In certain embodiments, the period of time is at least 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11 months, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 years, and / or 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11 months, or up to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or 25 years, such as 1 month to 20 years, preferably 1 month to 10 years, more preferably 3 months to 5 years, even more preferably 3 months to 2 years, even more preferably 3 months to 1 year, and even more preferably 4 months to 1 year. In certain embodiments, the density of one or more nutrients is increased by at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, or 400%, and / or by no more than 0, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 500, 700, or 1000%, e.g. For example, an increase of at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 15%, even more preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 50%, or for example, an increase of at least 5 to 1000%, preferably 5 to 700%, more preferably 10 to 1000%, even more preferably 10 to 700%, even more preferably 10 to 500%, and even more preferably 20 to 500%.In certain embodiments, the animal includes a human or a farmed animal. In certain embodiments, the animal includes a human. In certain embodiments, the animal includes a farmed animal. In certain embodiments, the animal includes a cow, bison, goat, sheep, dairy cow, poultry (such as chickens, geese, and ducks), pig, or horse. In certain embodiments, the animal is a cow. In certain embodiments, the increased nutrient density includes increased protein density, increased mineral density, increased vitamin density, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the increased nutrient density includes increased protein density. In certain embodiments, the increased nutrient density includes increased vitamin density. In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin A density. In certain embodiments, the vitamin density includes increased vitamin B1 (thiamin) density. In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin B2 (riboflavin) density. In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin B3 (niacin, nicotinic acid) density. In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) density. In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B6 (pyridoxal, pyridoxine, or pyridoxamine) density. In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B7 (biotin) density. In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B9 (folate) density. In certain embodiments, the increased vitamin density comprises increased vitamin B. 12In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin C density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased choline density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin D density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin E density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin K1 density. In certain embodiments, increased vitamin density includes increased vitamin K2 density. In certain embodiments, increased nutrient density includes increased mineral density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased calcium density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased magnesium density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased sodium density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased potassium density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased iron density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased copper density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased manganese density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased zinc density. In certain embodiments, increased mineral density includes increased iodine density. In certain embodiments, the increased mineral density comprises an increased chromium density. In certain embodiments, the increased mineral density comprises an increased molybdenum density. In certain embodiments, the increased mineral density comprises an increased phosphorus density. In certain embodiments, the increased mineral density comprises an increased molybdenum density. In certain embodiments, the increased mineral density comprises an increased selenium density. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises increasing the biomass of the plant or plant part.

[0137] In certain embodiments, methods are provided for increasing uptake of one or more plant nutrients by plants growing in soil, comprising: (i) applying a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil and / or the plants in which the plants are growing or to be grown; and (ii) providing conditions suitable for plant growth and microbial proliferation and / or other action for a period of time suitable for increasing uptake of the plant nutrients, thereby increasing uptake of the plant nutrients by the plants. In certain embodiments, the period of time is at least 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11 months, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 years, and / or 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11 months, or up to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or 25 years, such as 1 month to 20 years, preferably 1 month to 10 years, more preferably 3 months to 5 years, even more preferably 3 months to 2 years, even more preferably 3 months to 1 year, and even more preferably 4 months to 1 year. In certain embodiments, the uptake of one or more plant nutrients by a plant is increased by at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, or 400%, and / or by at least 0, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 500, 700, or 1000%. For example, an increase of at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 15%, even more preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 50%, or for example, an increase of at least 5-1000%, preferably 5-700%, more preferably 10-1000%, even more preferably 10-700%, even more preferably 10-500%, even more preferably 20-500%. In certain embodiments, the nutrient is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, or a combination thereof.In certain embodiments, the nutrient is nitrogen. In certain embodiments, the nutrient is phosphorus. In certain embodiments, the nutrient is potassium. In certain embodiments, the nutrient is calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), boron (B), molybdenum (Mo), silicon (Si), cobalt (Co), selenium (Se), or chloride (Cl), or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the nutrient is calcium (Ca). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is magnesium (Mg). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is sulfur (S). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is sodium (Na). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is iron (Fe). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is manganese (Mn). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is zinc (Zn). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is copper (Cu). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is nickel (Ni). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is boron (B). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is molybdenum (Mo). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is silicon (Si). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is cobalt (Co). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is selenium (Se). In certain embodiments, the nutrient is chloride (Cl).

[0138] The method may further include reducing or eliminating toxin absorption by the plant. The method may further include reducing water usage by the plant. The method may further include increasing the water retention capacity of the soil. The method may further include increasing atmospheric carbon uptake by the plant and converting atmospheric carbon to soil carbon.

[0139] Any suitable microbial composition may be used in the methods of this section, for example, a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant and / or soil. , 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 or fewer different microorganisms, for example, at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably 10-140, more preferably 20-120, even more preferably 40-100, and even more preferably 50-100. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant. The microorganisms may comprise up to 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 different microorganisms, such as at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably between 10 and 140, more preferably between 20 and 120, even more preferably between 40 and 100, and even more preferably between 50 and 100. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, such as at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are rhizobacteria.In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are saprophytic. In certain embodiments, the different microorganisms are Streptomyces.

[0140] In certain embodiments, the microbial composition or its derivatives described herein are used. Any suitable protocol, such as the method described herein, can be used to spread the microbial composition or its derivatives. In certain embodiments, a delayed release composition is used. In certain embodiments, aerial spraying by one or more unmanned vehicles is used, for example, as described herein.

[0141] The plants in the soil may be any suitable plants, for example, a plant described herein, for example, one or more of the plants described in section IB10.

[0142] 12.Conversion to organic farming When microbial compositions, such as those disclosed herein, are applied to land and / or plants, for example, as described herein, agricultural practices can be converted from non-organic to organic in a surprisingly short time. As used herein, the term "organic" agricultural practice refers to a practice that complies with applicable organic agriculture requirements in the region in which the practice is practiced. While requirements may vary by region, organic agriculture generally refers to agriculture that uses little or no synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, or herbicides and typically maintains soil levels of certain substances, such as toxins or other harmful substances, below certain levels. Additional or alternative standards may exist in a given region. When microbial compositions, such as those disclosed herein, are applied to land and / or plants as disclosed herein, soil health and vitality can be restored, nutrient bioavailability and absorption by plants can be increased, and toxin levels in the soil can be reduced, all of which can accelerate the changes necessary to meet local organic agriculture requirements. Depending on the start of the agricultural practice, even if the practice relies or relies heavily on conventional agricultural practices, e.g., synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides, the change can occur in as little as three years, two years, or one year. Additional benefits, such as increased plant biomass, increased plant nutrient density, increased soil carbon, and / or reduced water use, may also be realized, for example, as described herein.

[0143] Thus, provided herein is a method of converting non-organic agricultural practices, such as conventional agricultural practices, to organic agricultural practices, comprising: (i) applying a composition comprising a plurality of microorganisms to plants and / or soil in which the plants are growing or to be grown in a first application at a first time (up until the first time, the plants and soil have been subjected to non-organic agricultural practices); and (ii) providing conditions suitable for plant growth and microbial proliferation and other processes for a period of time (after which the non-organic agricultural practice has been converted to an organic agricultural practice). In certain embodiments, the period of time is 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, or 5 years or less, such as 5 years or less, preferably 4 years or less, more preferably 3.5 years or less, even more preferably 3 years or less, even more preferably 2.5 years or less, even more preferably 2 years or less, and even more preferably 1.5 years or less.

[0144] In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for reducing the concentration of a toxin in soil, reducing the absorption of a toxin by plants growing in soil, and / or reducing the concentration of a toxin in a plant or plant part, the methods comprising: (i) applying a composition comprising a plurality of microorganisms to a plant or part thereof, and / or to the soil, in a first application; and (ii) providing conditions suitable for plant growth and microbial proliferation and other processes for a period of time, wherein after the period of time, the concentration of the toxin in the soil, the absorption of the toxin by plants growing in the soil, and / or the concentration of the toxin in the plant or plant part is reduced compared to before the first application. As used herein, "toxin" includes any substance that has a direct or indirect harmful effect on an animal, such as a human, when exposed to the toxin, e.g., by ingesting it. In certain embodiments, the period of time is at least 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 12, 18, or 24 months, and / or 2, 5, 7, 10, 12, 18, 24, or 36 months, e.g., 1-36 months, preferably 2-25 months, more preferably 5-18 months. In certain embodiments, the reduction is at least 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 85, 90, 92, 95, 96, 97, 98, or 99%, or 100%. In certain embodiments, the toxin includes a synthetic pesticide (e.g., a synthetic pesticide or an impurity thereof) or a herbicide (e.g., a synthetic herbicide or an impurity thereof). In certain embodiments, the toxin includes a hydrocarbon. In certain embodiments, the hydrocarbon includes a petroleum hydrocarbon. In certain embodiments, the hydrocarbon includes a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon. In certain embodiments, the toxin includes a heavy metal. In certain embodiments, the heavy metal comprises lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, or mercury.

[0145] In certain embodiments, the method further comprises, after a period of time, reducing water usage to grow the plant, and / or increasing the nutrient density of the plant or plant part, and / or increasing the biomass of the plant, and / or increasing the carbon content of the soil.

[0146] Any suitable microbial composition may be used in the methods of this section, for example, a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant and / or soil. , 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 or fewer different microorganisms, for example, at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably 10-140, more preferably 20-120, even more preferably 40-100, and even more preferably 50-100. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms, and / or 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, or 135 different microorganisms heterologous to the plant. The microorganisms may comprise up to 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140 different microorganisms, such as at least 20, and in certain cases at least 50, and in still other cases at least 70, or preferably between 10 and 140, more preferably between 20 and 120, even more preferably between 40 and 100, and even more preferably between 50 and 100. In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, such as at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are rhizobacteria.In certain embodiments, at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, or 99%, or 100%, for example, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 95%, and even more preferably 100% of the different microorganisms are saprophytic. In certain embodiments, the different microorganisms are Streptomyces.

[0147] In certain embodiments, the microbial composition or its derivatives described herein are used. Any suitable protocol, such as the method described herein, can be used to spread the microbial composition or its derivatives. In certain embodiments, a delayed release composition is used. In certain embodiments, aerial spraying by one or more unmanned vehicles is used, for example, as described herein.

[0148] The plants in the soil may be any suitable plants, for example, a plant described herein, for example, one or more of the plants described in section IB10.

[0149] 13. Economic Interests In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods of deriving economic benefits from land on which plants grow, the methods comprising: (i) obtaining and using one or more compositions comprising a plurality of different microorganisms, where (a) the one or more compositions are provided by a first entity that manufactures, distributes, or otherwise provides the one or more compositions to a second entity that owns, manages, operates, or has other rights over land within the area of ​​the land on which the plants grow, or to a third entity that is at least partially controlled, directly or indirectly, by the second entity; and (b) the second entity uses the one or more compositions in a manner that includes applying the one or more compositions to plants, plant parts, plant seeds, and / or soil on which the plants grow, whereby one or more economic benefits are achieved for the second entity that are based in whole or in part on the use of the one or more compositions; (ii) determining amounts of the one or more economic benefits; and (iii) allocating the amounts of the one or more economic benefits between the first entity and the second entity, or between the first entity and each of a plurality of second entities. In certain embodiments, the allocation is made pursuant to a contract between the first entity and the second entity. In certain embodiments, the allocation is made by a processor that receives information regarding one or more economic benefits and the contract, processes the information to determine quantitative value(s) of the economic benefits to allocate between the first entity and the second entity, and communicates the quantitative value(s) to the first and / or second entity. In certain embodiments, the second entity is (i) an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights over land on which plants are grown primarily for the sale of the plants or plant parts, (ii) an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights over land on which plants are grown primarily for animal feed to be sold, (iii) an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights over land on which plants are grown and receives compensation for the use of the land, or (iv) an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights over land on which plants are grown that does not alter or only minimally alters the condition of the plants or soil. In certain embodiments, the second entity is an entity that owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights to the land on which the plants are grown primarily for the sale of the plants or plant parts.In certain embodiments, the second entity owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights to land on which plants are grown, primarily for sale as animal feed. In certain embodiments, the land comprises pasture. In certain embodiments, the land comprises rangeland. In certain embodiments, the land comprises land on which grass is grown for animal feed. In certain embodiments, the land comprises land on which grain is grown for animal feed. In certain embodiments, the second entity owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights to land on which plants are grown, and the entity receives compensation for use of the land on which plants are grown. In certain embodiments, the use of the land includes sports, games, or other recreation or entertainment, such as a golf course. In certain embodiments, the second entity owns, manages, operates, or otherwise has rights to land on which plants are grown with no or minimal alteration to the condition of the plants or the soil. In certain embodiments, the land is grassland, forest, or rangeland. In certain embodiments, the second entity is a government entity. In certain embodiments, the second entity is a private entity.In certain embodiments, the one or more economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to the use of the one or more compositions include (i) reduced costs due to reduced water use on the plants, and / or (ii) reduced costs due to reduced fertilizer use on the plants, and / or (iii) reduced costs due to reduced herbicide use on the plants, and / or (iv) reduced costs due to reduced pesticide use on the plants, and / or (v) increased biomass of the plants, and / or (vi) increased price per plant or plant product or plant unit, and / or (vii) increased costs for growing or maintaining the plants. and / or (viii) the ability to grow plants in a wider range of environmental conditions, and / or (ix) financial benefits realized from reduced costs of raising and / or maintaining animals that eat the plants, and / or (x) carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to increased soil carbon, and / or (xi) carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to increased carbon in the plants, and / or (xii) carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to carbon avoided in growing the plants. In certain embodiments, the one or more economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to the use of the one or more compositions include carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to increased soil carbon, carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to increased carbon in the plants, carbon credits or other economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to carbon avoided in growing the plants, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more economic benefits include cost savings due to reduced water usage by the plants. In certain embodiments, the one or more economic benefits include an increase in the price per plant or plant product or plant unit. In certain embodiments, the one or more economic benefits include a monetary benefit realized from a reduction in the cost of raising and / or maintaining animals that eat the plant and / or an increase in the price of animals that eat the plant. In certain embodiments, the animal is a cow. In certain embodiments, the animal is a dairy animal, such as a dairy cow, goat, or sheep. In certain embodiments, the animal is poultry.In certain embodiments, the poultry is raised for slaughter. In certain embodiments, the poultry is layer hens. In certain embodiments, the one or more compositions are administered to at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 300, 500, or 1000 other entities different from the first entity, which entities directly or indirectly obtain one or more compositions comprising a microbial consortium from the first entity and use the one or more compositions in a method that includes applying the one or more compositions to plants, plant parts, plant seeds, and / or soil in which plants grow, thereby providing each entity with a microbial consortium. The one or more compositions are supplied by a first entity that manufactures, distributes, or otherwise supplies one or more compositions to a third party (each of which achieves one or more economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to using the one or more compositions), and the allocation is made pursuant to contract(s) between the first entity and each of the other entities that sets forth the allocation of the economic benefits between the first entity and each of the other entities, where the allocation is made by one or more processors that receive information regarding the contracts and information regarding one or more economic benefits of each of the other entities, determine the allocation between the first entity and each of the other entities, and communicate information including the allocation to the first entity and / or each of the other entities.

[0150] In certain embodiments, the microbial composition or its derivatives described herein are used. Any suitable protocol, such as the method described herein, can be used to spread the microbial composition or its derivatives. In certain embodiments, a delayed release composition is used. In certain embodiments, aerial spraying by one or more unmanned vehicles is used, for example, as described herein.

[0151] The plants in the soil may be any suitable plants, for example, a plant described herein, for example, one or more of the plants described in section IB10.

[0152] 14. Trees Microbial compositions, such as those described herein, can be used to improve one or more tree characteristics. Typically, the microbial composition is provided to a user along with a second composition containing one or more macronutrients, micronutrients, or carbon sources for the tree. Either or both of the microbial composition and the nutrient composition may be adjusted depending on the type of tree, the type of soil, the condition of the tree, etc. Instructions for use may be provided, for example, as written, oral, or audiovisual materials. Tree growth may be increased, for example, compared to the growth of a reference tree, e.g., the growth of the same tree over a specific past period (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 years), or the growth of a similar tree in the same environment. Additionally or alternatively, sap production and / or various compounds present in the sap may be increased (e.g., increased sugars, terpenes, minerals, nutrients, carbon compounds, hormones, various organic carbon compounds, acids, and proteins). Additionally or alternatively, carbon-rich substances excreted from the tree's leaf exudates may be increased. Other benefits include increased root exudations, and / or improved ability of trees to utilize new groundwater sources, and / or increased macro- and / or micronutrient accumulation in leaves and canopy, and / or increased canopy volume, and / or improved tree photosynthetic capacity, and / or enzymatic signaling to tree roots to seek water and macronutrients, and / or reduced evapotranspiration rates, and / or increased retention of stomatal conductance in tree leaves, and / or increased primary and secondary growth in trees, and / or increased epicormic growth, and / or increased tree seed germination rate, and / or reduced tree seed germination time, and / or increased plant growth rate at conception (seed), birth (bud), adult (maturity), and old age (decline) stages, and / or improved immune response of trees to stresses such as drought and soil degradation, and / or increased mycorrhizal formation in the soil and roots, and / or faster wound healing, for example after pruning sessions.Effects may be observed in a very short period of time, e.g., less than 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1 month, and may include, for example, new epicormic growth in areas that appear dead or have slow growth, a dramatic increase in leaf macro- and micronutrient density, improved leaf color, improved shoot elongation and shoot development in all parts of mature and young trees, increased root biomass, and / or improved soil water-holding capacity, and / or regeneration of mature trees. Various characteristics may be measured by any suitable method, such as those known in the art. Tree growth may also be measured by tree ring growth, which can be measured, for example, by core samples. An exemplary protocol is provided in Example 29. In certain embodiments, in addition to the microbial composition and nutrient composition, the user may be provided with a kit for measuring tree ring growth. In certain embodiments, kits are provided that include a microbial composition and a nutrient composition, where the composition includes sufficient material for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 treatments, e.g., 1 treatment or 2 treatments, on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 trees, e.g., 1 tree, or 2 trees. The trees may be healthy trees, but often may be dormant trees or trees that are considered dead.

[0153] In certain embodiments, a method for improving one or more properties of a tree rooted in soil is provided, comprising: (i) providing one or more nutrients to the soil in which the tree is rooted; and (ii) providing the soil and / or tree in a first application with a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, or 150, and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, or 200 different microorganisms. Both the microorganisms and the nutrients may be provided to the user in separate containers. The improved properties may be one or more of the properties described above. In certain embodiments, the improved property is an increase in tree rings, e.g., an increase of at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 150, 200, 300, or 400%. In certain embodiments, the improved property is an increase in diameter at breast height, e.g., an increase of at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 150, 200, 300, or 400%. The improvement in one or more properties may occur within less than 6 months, 8 months, 10 months, 1 year, 1.2 years, 1.5 years, 1.7 years, or 2 years after the first application of the microorganisms and nutrients.

[0154] In certain embodiments, a method of revitalizing a dormant tree is provided, comprising applying to the soil in which the tree is rooted and / or to the tree a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, or 150, and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, or 200 different microorganisms (the microbial composition is applied to the soil in which the tree is rooted in a first application), and growing the tree for a period of time, such as less than 6 months, 8 months, 10 months, 1 year, 1.2 years, 1.5 years, 1.7 years, or 2 years.

[0155] In certain embodiments, a kit is provided that includes: (i) a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, or 150, and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, or 200 different microorganisms in a first package; and (ii) a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, or 200, and / or no more than 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 200, or 500 nutrients in a second package distinct from the first package.

[0156] In certain embodiments, the microbial compositions described herein, or derivatives thereof, are used. Any suitable protocol, such as the methods described herein, may be used to distribute the microbial compositions or derivatives thereof. In certain embodiments, a delayed release composition is used.

[0157] The tree may be any suitable tree, for example as disclosed in section IB10.

[0158] In certain embodiments, a kit is provided that includes: (i) a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, or 150, and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, or 200 different microorganisms in a first package; and (ii) a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, or 200, and / or no more than 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 200, or 500 nutrients in a second package distinct from the first package.

[0159] 15. Increased biomass A microbial composition, such as a microbial composition described herein, can be used to increase the biomass of one or more plants growing in a growth medium, where the growth medium and / or plants have been treated with the microbial composition, such as a microbial composition described herein.

[0160] In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for increasing the biomass of a plant or plant part, e.g., a plant or plant part for animal consumption, the methods comprising: (i) applying to the soil and / or plant in which the plant is growing or to be grown a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms; and (ii) providing suitable conditions for plant growth for a period of time, thereby increasing the biomass of the plant or plant part compared to a reference plant or plant part. In certain embodiments, the period of time is at least 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11 months, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 years, and / or 2, 3, or 4 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11 months, or up to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or 25 years, such as 1 month to 20 years, preferably 1 month to 10 years, more preferably 3 months to 5 years, even more preferably 3 months to 2 years, even more preferably 3 months to 1 year, and even more preferably 4 months to 1 year. In certain embodiments, the biomass is reduced by at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, or 400%, and / or by no more than 0, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 500, 700, or 1000%, e.g., An increase of at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 15%, even more preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 50%, or for example at least 5-1000%, preferably 5-700%, more preferably 10-1000%, even more preferably 10-700%, even more preferably 10-500%, even more preferably 20-500%.

[0161] In certain embodiments, the microbial composition or its derivatives described herein are used. Any suitable protocol, such as the method described herein, can be used to spread the microbial composition or its derivatives. In certain embodiments, a delayed release composition is used. In certain embodiments, aerial spraying by one or more unmanned vehicles is used, for example, as described herein.

[0162] The plant may be any suitable plant, for example a plant described herein, for example one or more of the plants described in section IB10.

[0163] 16. Production Method The microbial compositions disclosed herein can be produced using any suitable method. In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for preparing, e.g., growing, one or more microorganisms from a stock, e.g., seed, containing one or more microorganisms. Microbial stocks can be grown using techniques known in the art for use in the compositions of the present application. The stock can contain any suitable number of microorganisms. In certain cases, it may be beneficial for the stock to be isolated and pure. In other cases, it may be beneficial for the stock to contain multiple different microorganisms. The stock can be any suitable stock described herein, such as a cryostock (e.g., a glycerol stock), a solid medium (e.g., an agar plate) containing one or more microorganisms, and / or a liquid medium containing one or more microorganisms. Typically, the stock is thawed, e.g., in the case of a cryostock, to make it ready for use. The stock is then inoculated into a heterogeneous medium. The medium is typically selected based on the nutritional requirements of the microorganism. After inoculation, growth is typically carried out in a culture vessel, such as a flask or bioreactor. The culture vessel can be of any shape or size suitable for growing microorganisms. The size and scale of the culture vessels range from tens of milliliters to several liters and even thousands of liters. Culture vessels can be made from any suitable material known and used in the art, such as glass and / or stainless steel. After inoculation, the culture is incubated at an optimal growth temperature for the microorganisms to allow them to replicate to a suitable level.The growth medium may be incubated at a temperature of at least 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 26, or 38°C, and / or at or below 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, or 40°C, for example, 10-40°C, preferably 20-30°C, more preferably 26-30°C, for a suitable period of time, for example, at least 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 , 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, or 14 days, and / or 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15 days, e.g., 0.1 to 15 days, preferably 5 to 12 days, and more preferably 7 to 10 days. Cultures can be grown in batch, fed-batch (e.g., by intermittently adding nutrients to the culture to maintain optimal conditions without diluting the culture), or continuously (e.g., using a continuous stirred reactor, e.g., a turbidostat or chemostat). Microorganisms can be subcultured and scaled up as many times as necessary to produce a desired amount of microorganisms for use in the compositions disclosed herein. Once the desired amount of microorganisms is produced, the microorganisms can be processed into the compositions described herein. In certain embodiments, at least a portion of the growth medium is removed. The growth medium can be removed using any suitable technique, such as filtration, centrifugation, spray drying, etc. After removing at least a portion of the growth medium, the microorganisms can be further dried. Microorganisms from each grown stock can be processed individually, e.g., into a powder, and then combined, e.g., as a powder, with microorganisms from one or more stocks and / or one or more agriculturally acceptable supplements. Additionally or alternatively, microorganisms from one or more growth stocks can be combined, e.g., processed into a powder, and then combined, e.g., as a powder, with microorganisms from one or more processing batches and / or one or more agriculturally acceptable supplements.

[0164] In a preferred embodiment, the methods disclosed herein are performed aseptically.

[0165] The methods disclosed herein can be used to grow any suitable number of microbial strains simultaneously and / or sequentially, hi certain embodiments, the methods disclosed herein are used to grow at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, or 150 microbial stocks separately.

[0166] In certain embodiments, a growth medium (e.g., solid or liquid medium) is inoculated with a stock of the microorganism, which may include any suitable stock, such as a cryostock (e.g., a glycerol stock), a solid medium (e.g., an agar medium) containing one or more of the first microorganisms, and / or a liquid medium containing one or more of the first microorganisms. In certain embodiments, the stock comprises a glycerol stock comprising a glycerol concentration of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 35, 40, or 45%, and / or no more than 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50%, such as 1-50%, preferably 10-30%, more preferably 15-25%, and even more preferably 18-22%.

[0167] In certain embodiments, at least a portion of the microbial stock is transferred to a solid medium, distributed, e.g., streaked or spread, on the solid medium, and then cultured at a suitable temperature and for a suitable time, thereby growing the microorganisms. The solid medium can be any suitable solid medium. In a preferred embodiment, the solid medium comprises one or more starches, e.g., oat starch, and a gelling agent, e.g., agar. In a more preferred embodiment, the solid medium comprises one or more starches, a gelling agent, and multiple vitamins. In certain embodiments, the solid medium comprises ISP-3 medium or ISP-4 medium. The gelling agent can be any suitable gelling agent, such as agar, pectin, gelatin, etc., preferably at a concentration of at least 0...

Claims

1. 1. A composition comprising one or more Streptomyces microorganisms, wherein the one or more Streptomyces microorganisms comprise a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence that is at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.5% identical, or 100% identical, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identical to one or more nucleic acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 68-109 and 120-196.

2. at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, or 60 species, and / or 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 2. The composition of claim 1, comprising microorganisms of up to 100 different Streptomyces strains, preferably 2 to 100 different species, more preferably 5 to 100 different species, even more preferably 5 to 80 different species, even more preferably 5 to 40 different species, even more preferably 10 to 80 different species, even more preferably 10 to 70 different species, even more preferably 10 to 60 different species, even more preferably 10 to 30 different species.

3. 3. The composition of claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms.

4. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms.

5. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising one or more Microvirga microorganisms.

6. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising one or more Micrococcus microorganisms.

7. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms.

8. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising one or more Aureimonas microorganisms.

9. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms.

10. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising one or more Rhodococcus microorganisms.

11. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms.

12. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms.

13. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the two or more microorganisms are heterologous to each other.

14. A composition comprising at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, or 60 different Streptomyces microorganisms, and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 100 different Streptomyces microorganisms, preferably between 2 and 100 different Streptomyces microorganisms, more preferably between 5 and 100 different Streptomyces microorganisms, even more preferably between 5 and 80 different Streptomyces microorganisms, even more preferably between 5 and 40 different Streptomyces microorganisms, even more preferably between 10 and 80 different Streptomyces microorganisms, even more preferably between 10 and 70 different Streptomyces microorganisms, even more preferably between 10 and 60 different Streptomyces microorganisms, and even more preferably between 10 and 30 different Streptomyces microorganisms.

15. 15. The composition of claim 14, further comprising one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms.

16. 16. The composition of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the two or more microorganisms are heterologous to each other.

17. 17. The composition of claim 15 or claim 16, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise a Pseudomonas, Microvirga, Micrococcus, Paenibacillus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillus microorganism, or a combination thereof.

18. 17. The composition of claim 15 or claim 16, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise a Pseudomonas, Microvirga, Micrococcus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillis microorganism, or a combination thereof.

19. 17. The composition of claim 15 or claim 16, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise a Microvirga, Micrococcus, Paenibacillus, Aureimonas, Bradyrhizobium, Rhodococcus, Amycolatopsis, or Lysinibacillus microorganism, or a combination thereof.

20. 19. The composition of claim 17 or claim 18, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms.

21. 21. The composition of any one of claims 17 to 20, comprising a Microvirga microorganism.

22. 22. The composition of any one of claims 17-21, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise one or more Micrococcus microorganisms.

23. 23. The composition of any one of claims 17-22, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms.

24. 24. The composition of any one of claims 17-23, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise one or more Aureimonas microorganisms.

25. 25. The composition of any one of claims 17-24, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise one or more Bradyrhyzobium microorganisms.

26. 26. The composition of any one of claims 17-25, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise one or more Rhodococcus microorganisms.

27. 27. The composition of any one of claims 17 to 26, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms.

28. 28. The composition of any one of claims 17-27, wherein the one or more non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms.

29. A composition comprising a microorganism of the Streptomyces species and at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, and / or no more than 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, preferably 2 to 8, more preferably 2 to 6, even more preferably 3 to 8, for example 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 8 additional microorganisms selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas species, Microvirga species, Paenibacillus species, Aureimonas species, Bradyrhizobium species, Rhodococcus species, Amycolatopsis species, and Lysinibacillis species.

30. 30. The composition of claim 29, comprising at least 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, 40, or 50, and / or no more than 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, or 100 different Streptomyces microorganisms, for example, between 2 and 100 different Streptomyces microorganisms.

31. 31. The composition of claim 29 or claim 30, comprising a microorganism of the Pseudomonas species.

32. 32. The composition of claim 31 , comprising at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18 different Pseudomonas microorganisms, and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, or 24 different Pseudomonas microorganisms, for example, 2 to 24 different Pseudomonas microorganisms.

33. 33. The composition of any one of claims 29 to 32, comprising a microorganism of the Microvirga species.

34. 34. The composition of any one of claims 29 to 33, comprising a microorganism of the Micrococcus species.

35. 35. The composition of claim 34, comprising at least 2, 3, 4, 5 and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, or 6 different Micrococcus microorganisms, for example, 2 to 6 different Micrococcus microorganisms.

36. 36. The composition of any one of claims 29 to 35, comprising a microorganism of the species Paenibacillus.

37. 37. The composition of claim 36, comprising at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 10 different Paenibacillus microorganisms, for example, 2 to 10 different Paenibacillus microorganisms.

38. 38. The composition of any one of claims 29 to 37, comprising a microorganism of the Aureimonas species.

39. 39. The composition of claim 38, comprising at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 10 different Aureimonas microorganisms, for example, 2 to 10 different Aureimonas microorganisms.

40. 40. The composition of any one of claims 29 to 39, comprising a microorganism of the Bradyrhizobium species.

41. 41. The composition of claim 40, comprising at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, or 14, and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, or 16 different Bradyrhyzobium microorganisms, for example, 2 to 16 different Bradyrhyzobium microorganisms.

42. 42. The composition of any one of claims 29 to 41, comprising a microorganism of the species Rhodococcus.

43. 43. The composition of claim 42, comprising at least two different Rhodococcus microorganisms.

44. 44. The composition of any one of claims 29 to 43, comprising a microorganism of the Amycolatopsis species.

45. 45. The composition of claim 44, comprising at least 2, 3, 4, or 5, and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, or 6 different Amycolatopsis microorganisms, for example, 2 to 6 different Amycolatopsis microorganisms.

46. 46. ​​The composition of any one of claims 29 to 45, comprising a microorganism of the Lysinibacillus species.

47. 47. The composition of claim 46, comprising at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, and / or no more than 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 10 different Lysinibacillus microorganisms, for example, 2 to 10 different Lysinibacillus microorganisms.

48. A composition comprising one or more Streptomyces microorganisms and at least one non-Streptomyces microorganism, wherein the non-Streptomyces microorganism is a nitrogen-fixing microorganism.

49. 49. The composition of claim 48, comprising at least 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, 40, or 50, and / or no more than 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, or 100 different Streptomyces strains, for example, between 2 and 100 different Streptomyces microorganisms.

50. 50. The composition of claim 48 or claim 49, wherein the nitrogen-fixing non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise microorganisms of the species Pseudomonas, Microvirga, Bradyrhyzobium, Aureimonas, Paenibacillus, and / or Lysinibacillus.

51. 51. The composition of claim 50, comprising one or more Pseudomonas species of microorganism.

52. 50. The composition of claim 48 or 49, wherein the nitrogen-fixing non-Streptomyces microorganisms comprise microorganisms of the species Microvirga, Bradyrhizobium, Aureimonas, Paenibacillus, and / or Lysinibacillus.

53. 53. The composition of any one of claims 48 to 52, comprising one or more microorganisms of the Microvirga species.

54. 54. The composition of any one of claims 48 to 53, comprising one or more microorganisms of the Micrococcus species.

55. 55. A composition according to any one of claims 48 to 54, comprising one or more microorganisms of the species Paenibacillus.

56. 56. The composition of any one of claims 48 to 55, comprising one or more microorganisms of the Aureimonas species.

57. 57. The composition of any one of claims 48 to 56, comprising one or more microorganisms of the Bradyrhyzobium species.

58. 58. A composition according to any one of claims 48 to 57, comprising one or more microorganisms of the species Lysinibacillus.

59. The above-mentioned one or more Streptomyces microorganisms are Streptomyces antibioticus B, Streptomyces bacillaris, Streptomyces bikiniensis, Streptomyces cavouensis, Streptomyces fimbriatus, Streptomyces flavoviridis, Streptomyces globosus, Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus, Streptomyces griseofuscus, Streptomyces griseoin carnatus, Streptomyces griseoviridis A, Streptomyces labedae, Streptomyces lydicus, Streptomyces missionensis, Streptomyces nigra, Streptomyces rochei, Streptomyces sp. OATH_5, Streptomyces sp. OATH_7, Streptomyces sp. OATH_8, Streptomyces sp. OATH_9, Streptomyces sp. OATH_10, Streptomyces sp. OATH_11, Streptomyces sp. OATH_12, Streptomyces sp. OATH_13, Streptomyces sp. OATH_17, Streptomyces sp. OATH_19, Streptomyces sp. OATH_20, Streptomyces sp. OATH_22A, Streptomyces sp. OATH_22B, Streptomyces sp. OATH_23, Streptomyces sp. OATH_26, Streptomyces sp. OATH_27, Streptomyces sp. OATH_28, Streptomyces sp. OATH_30, Streptomyces sp. OATH_31, Streptomyces sp. OATH_34, Streptomyces sp. OATH_36, Streptomyces sp. OATH_37, Streptomyces sp. OATH_38, Streptomyces sp. OATH_39, Streptomyces sp. OATH_40, Streptomyces sp. OATH_41, Streptomyces sp. OATH_42,Streptomyces sp. OATH_43, Streptomyces sp. OATH_44, Streptomyces sp. OATH_46, Str Eptomyces sp. OATH_47, Streptomyces sp. OATH_48, Streptomyces sp. OATH_49, Strept Streptomyces sp. OATH_50, Streptomyces sp. OATH_52, Streptomyces sp. OATH_57, Streptomyces sp. ces species OATH_58, Streptomyces species OATH_59, Streptomyces species OATH_60, Streptomyces species OATH_61, Streptomyces sp. OATH_62, Streptomyces sp. OATH_63, Streptomyces sp. OAT H_64, Streptomyces sp. OATH_65, Streptomyces sp. OATH_66, Streptomyces sp. OATH_A , Streptomyces sp. OATH_B, Streptomyces sp. OATH_C, Streptomyces sp. OATH_D, Strep Streptomyces sp. OATH_E, Streptomyces sp. OATH_F, Streptomyces sp. OATH_G, Streptomyces sp. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 58, comprising one or more of Streptomyces sp001509795, Streptomyces sp900105755, and / or Streptomyces violaceorectus.

60. Streptomyces sp. OATH_5, Streptomyces sp. OATH_7, Streptomyces sp. OATH_8, Streptomyces sp. OATH_9, Streptomyces sp. OATH_10, Streptomyces sp. OATH_11, Streptomyces sp. OATH_12, Streptomyces sp. OATH_13, Streptomyces sp. OATH_17, Streptomyces sp. OATH_19, Streptomyces sp. OATH_20, Streptomyces sp. OATH_22A, Streptomyces sp. OATH_22B, Streptomyces sp. OATH_23, Streptomyces sp. OATH_26, Streptomyces sp. OATH_27, Streptomyces sp. OATH_28, Streptomyces sp. OATH_30, Streptomyces sp. OATH_31, Streptomyces sp. OATH_34, Streptomyces sp. OATH_36, Streptomyces sp. OATH_37, Streptomyces sp. OATH_38, Streptomyces sp. OATH_39, Streptomyces sp. OATH_40, Streptomyces sp. OATH_41, Streptomyces sp. OATH_42, Streptomyces sp. OATH_43, Streptomyces sp. OATH_44, Streptomyces sp. OATH_46, Streptomyces sp. OATH_47, Streptomyces sp. OATH_48, Streptomyces sp. OATH_49, Streptomyces sp. OATH_50, Streptomyces sp. OATH_52, Streptomyces sp. OATH_57, Streptomyces sp. OATH_58, Streptomyces sp. OATH_59, Streptomyces sp. OATH_60, Streptomyces sp. OATH_61, Streptomyces sp. OATH_62, Streptomyces sp. OATH_63, Streptomyces sp. OATH_64, Streptomyces sp. OATH_65, Streptomyces sp. OATH_66, Streptomyces sp. OATH_A, Streptomyces sp. OATH_B60. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 59, comprising one or more Streptomyces microorganisms, including one or more of Streptomyces sp. OATH_C, Streptomyces sp. OATH_D, Streptomyces sp. OATH_E, Streptomyces sp. OATH_F, Streptomyces sp. OATH_G.

61. 61. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 60, wherein the one or more Streptomyces microorganisms have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 68-109 and 120-196.

62. 62. The composition of any one of claims 4-13, 17-47, or 50-61, wherein the one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms comprise a first Pseudomonas strain.

63. 63. The composition of claim 62, wherein the one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms comprise a second Pseudomonas strain, wherein the second Pseudomonas strain is different from the first Pseudomonas strain.

64. 64. The composition of claim 63, wherein the one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms comprise a third Pseudomonas strain, wherein the third Pseudomonas strain is different from the first and second Pseudomonas strains.

65. 65. The composition of claim 64, wherein the one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms comprise a fourth Pseudomonas strain, wherein the fourth Pseudomonas strain is different from the first, second, and third Pseudomonas strains.

66. 66. The composition of claim 65, wherein the one or more Pseudomonas microorganisms comprise a fifth Pseudomonas strain, wherein the fifth Pseudomonas strain is different from the first, second, third, and fourth Pseudomonas strains.

67. the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth Pseudomonas strain is selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas E sp003253735, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas koreensis, Pseudomonas poae, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_2, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_3, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_4, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_6, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_14, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_15, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_16 OATH_45, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_51, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_53, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_55, Pseudomonas sp. OATH_56, Pseudomonas sp. 002836515, and / or Pseudomonas straminea.

68. 68. The composition of any one of claims 62-67, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth Pseudomonas strains have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 39-67.

69. 62. The composition of any one of claims 5-13, 21-28, 33-47, or 53-61, wherein the Microvirga microorganism comprises a first Microvirga strain comprising Microvirga species OATH1.

70. 70. The composition of claim 69, wherein the first Microvirga strain has a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to SEQ ID NO:

38.

71. 62. The composition of any one of claims 6-13, 22-28, 34-47, or 54-61, wherein the one or more Micrococcus microorganisms comprise a first Micrococcus strain.

72. 72. The composition of claim 71, wherein the one or more Micrococcus microorganisms comprise a second Micrococcus strain, wherein the second Micrococcus strain is different from the first strain.

73. 73. The composition of claim 71 or claim 72, wherein the first or second Micrococcus strain comprises Micrococcus luteus.

74. 74. The composition of any one of claims 71-73, wherein the first and / or second Micrococcus strain has a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 118-119.

75. 62. The composition of any one of claims 7-13, 17, 19-28, 36-47, or 55-61, wherein the one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms comprise a first Paenibacillus strain.

76. 76. The composition of claim 75, wherein the one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms comprise a second Paenibacillus strain, wherein the second Paenibacillus strain is different from the first Paenibacillus strain.

77. 77. The composition of claim 76, wherein the one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms comprises a third Paenibacillus strain, wherein the third Paenibacillus strain is different from the first and second Paenibacillus strains.

78. 78. The composition of claim 77, wherein the one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms comprises a fourth Paenibacillus strain, wherein the fourth Paenibacillus strain is different from the first, second, and third Paenibacillus strains.

79. 79. The composition of claim 78, wherein the one or more Paenibacillus microorganisms comprises a fifth Paenibacillus strain, wherein the fifth Paenibacillus strain is different from the first, second, third, and fourth Paenibacillus strains.

80. 80. The composition of any one of claims 75-79, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth Paenibacillus strains comprise Paenibacillus cellulositrophicus A and / or Paenibacillus illinoisensis.

81. 81. The composition of any one of claims 75-80, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth Paenibacillus strain have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 10-17.

82. 62. The composition of any one of claims 8-13, 24-28, 38-47, or 56-61, wherein the one or more Aureimonas microorganisms comprise a first Aureimonas strain.

83. 83. The composition of claim 82, wherein the one or more Aureimonas microorganisms comprise a second Aureimonas strain, wherein the second Aureimonas strain is different from the first Aureimonas strain.

84. 84. The composition of claim 83, wherein the one or more Aureimonas microorganisms comprise a third Aureimonas strain, wherein the third Aureimonas strain is different from the first and second Aureimonas strains.

85. 85. The composition of claim 84, wherein the one or more Aureimonas microorganisms comprise a fourth Aureimonas strain, wherein the fourth Aureimonas strain is different from the first, second, and third Aureimonas strains.

86. 86. The composition of any one of claims 82-85, wherein the first, second, third, and / or fourth Aureimonas strain comprises Aureimonas A sp001425485.

87. 87. The composition of any one of claims 82-86, wherein the first, second, third, and / or fourth Aureimonas strains have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 18-21.

88. 62. The composition of any one of claims 9-13, 25-28, 40-47, or 57-61, wherein the one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms comprise a first Bradyrhizobium strain.

89. 89. The composition of claim 88, wherein the one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms comprise a second Bradyrhizobium strain, wherein the second Bradyrhizobium strain is different from the first Bradyrhizobium strain.

90. 90. The composition of claim 89, wherein the one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms comprise a third Bradyrhizobium strain, wherein the third Bradyrhizobium strain is different from the first and second Bradyrhizobium strains.

91. 91. The composition of claim 90, wherein the one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms comprise a fourth Bradyrhizobium strain, wherein the fourth Bradyrhizobium strain is different from the first, second, and third Bradyrhizobium strains.

92. 92. The composition of claim 91, wherein the one or more Bradyrhizobium microorganisms comprise a fifth Bradyrhizobium strain, wherein the fifth Bradyrhizobium strain is different from the first, second, third, and fourth Bradyrhizobium strains.

93. 93. The composition of any one of claims 88-92, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth Bradyrhizobium strains comprise Bradyrhizobium denitrificans and / or Bradyrhizobium elkanii.

94. 94. The composition of any one of claims 88-93, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth Bradyrhyzobium strain have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs:22-37.

95. 62. The composition of any one of claims 10-13, 26-28, 42-47, or 59-61, wherein the one or more Rhodococcus microorganisms comprise a first Rhodococcus strain.

96. 96. The composition of claim 95, wherein the one or more Rhodococcus microorganisms comprise a second Rhodococcus strain, wherein the second Rhodococcus strain is different from the first Rhodococcus strain.

97. 97. The composition of claim 95 or 96, wherein the first and / or second Rhodococcus strain comprises Rhodococcus erythropoli and / or Rhodococcus qingshengii.

98. 98. The composition of any one of claims 95-97, wherein the first and / or second Rhodococcus strain has a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 116-117.

99. 62. The composition of any one of claims 11-13, 27-28, 44-47, or 59-61, wherein the one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms comprises a first Amycolatopsis strain.

100. 100. The composition of claim 99, wherein the one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms comprises a second Amycolatopsis strain, wherein the second Amycolatopsis strain is different from the first Amycolatopsis strain.

101. 101. The composition of claim 100, wherein the one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms comprises a third Amycolatopsis strain, wherein the third Amycolatopsis strain is different from the first and second Amycolatopsis strains.

102. 102. The composition of claim 101, wherein the one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms comprises a fourth Amycolatopsis strain, wherein the fourth Amycolatopsis strain is different from the first, second, and third Amycolatopsis strains.

103. 103. The composition of claim 102, wherein the one or more Amycolatopsis microorganisms comprises a fifth Amycolatopsis strain, wherein the fifth Amycolatopsis strain is different from the first, second, third, and fourth Amycolatopsis strains.

104. 104. The composition of any one of claims 99-103, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth Amycolatopsis strains comprise Amycolatopsis lurida and / or Amycolatopsis_OATH_54.

105. 105. The composition of any one of claims 99-104, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth Amycolatopsis strains have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100% identity, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 110-115.

106. 62. The composition of any one of claims 12-13, 28, 46-47, or 58-61, wherein the one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms comprises a first Lysinibacillus strain.

107. 107. The composition of claim 106, wherein the one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms comprise a second Lysinibacillus strain, wherein the second Lysinibacillus strain is different from the first Lysinibacillus strain.

108. 108. The composition of claim 107, wherein the one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms comprises a third Lysinibacillus strain, wherein the third Lysinibacillus strain is different from the first and second Lysinibacillus strains.

109. 109. The composition of claim 108, wherein the one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms comprises a fourth Lysinibacillus strain, wherein the fourth Lysinibacillus strain is different from the first, second, and third Lysinibacillus strains.

110. 110. The composition of claim 109, wherein the one or more Lysinibacillus microorganisms comprises a fifth Lysinibacillus strain, wherein the fifth Lysinibacillus strain is different from the first, second, third, and fourth Lysinibacillus strains.

111. 111. The composition of any one of claims 106-110, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth Lysinibacillus strains comprise Lysinibacillus capsici.

112. 112. The composition of any one of claims 106-111, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth Lysinibacillus strain have a 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence(s) having at least 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 99.55 identity, or 100%, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, even more preferably at least 98%, even more preferably at least 99%, and even more preferably at least 99.5% identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1-9.

113. A composition comprising one or more of the microorganisms shown in Table 2, having ATCC deposit numbers 1 to 45, deposited under ATCC numbers PTA-127367 to 127413, respectively.

114. 114. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 113, comprising one or more microorganisms shown in Table 2, ATCC Deposit Nos. 1 to 45, deposited as ATCC Nos. PTA-127367 to 127413, respectively.

115. 115. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 114, further comprising a liquid medium in which the one or more microorganisms are distributed.

116. A composition comprising a plurality of particles, each particle comprising the composition of any one of claims 1 to 115.

117. 1. A delayed-release composition comprising a plurality of particles, the particles comprising one or more microorganisms, the plurality of particles comprising a first population of particles, each particle of the first population comprising one or more first components configured to trap at least a portion of the microorganisms in the particle, the one or more first components losing sufficient integrity upon exposure to one or more environmental triggers such that at least a portion of the trapped microorganisms are released from the particle.

118. 118. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 117, further comprising one or more agriculturally acceptable adjuvants.

119. A population of seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material comprising at least 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 species, and / or no more than 12, 15, 17, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, or 120 different microorganisms, wherein at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 95%, or 100%, of the microorganisms are heterologous to the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material, and at least some of the microorganisms in the composition are associated with the seeds, seedlings, or other plant propagation material.

120. 1. A composition comprising soil in which a plant is growing or has been growing, said soil comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 100, and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, or 150 different microorganisms heterologous to said soil and / or plant, for example at least 1, preferably at least 5, more preferably at least 10, even more preferably at least 15, even more preferably at least 25, even more preferably at least 40, or from 1 to 150, preferably from 1 to 100, more preferably from 2 to 80, even more preferably 2 species.

121. 116. A composition comprising soil in which a plant is growing or has been growing, said soil comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, or 45 different species of microorganisms comprising the composition of any one of claims 1-115.

122. 116. A plant or plant part comprising one or more microorganisms of the composition of any one of claims 1 to 115 disposed on or within the plant or plant part.

123. 116. A composition comprising a population of plants, wherein the plants or plant parts comprise the microorganism(s) of the composition of any one of claims 1 to 115 disposed on or within the plants or plant parts.

124. 260. A method comprising applying, in a first application, a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 259, or a derivative thereof, to a plant or part thereof and / or to the soil or other growth medium in which the plant is growing or to be grown.

125. A method comprising applying a composition comprising a plurality of microorganisms to an area comprising soil by aerial application.

126. In plant growth media, (a) a plurality of microorganisms; and (b) one or more macronutrients; (c) one or more micronutrients, and / or (d) applying one or more carbon sources. A method comprising: The method, wherein the composition and / or effective amounts of (a), (b), (c), and / or (d) are determined at least in part by one or more results of a first test on one or more samples comprising components of a growth medium to be or have been sprayed with the plurality of microorganisms and / or one or more plant(s) growing in the growth medium.

127. 116. A method comprising contacting the surface of a seed, seedling, or other plant propagation material with a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115, or a derivative produced from said composition.

128. 116. A method comprising contacting the surface of a population of seeds, seedlings or other plant propagation material with a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115, or a derivative produced from said composition.

129. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 for reducing methane production in soil in which plants are growing compared to before application of said composition.

130. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 to coat the surface of a seed, seedling or other plant propagation material with one or more microorganisms.

131. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 in soil in which plants are grown to increase the number of beneficial organisms in the soil to which the composition is applied compared to when the composition is not applied.

132. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 for transitioning to organic farming within 3 years, or within 2 years, or within 1.5 years.

133. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 to improve soil density, soil water holding capacity and soil moisture retention capacity of soil in which plants are growing compared to the absence of said composition.

134. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 to increase mycorrhizal fungi on or within the roots of a plant compared to a reference plant.

135. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 to prevent or reduce flooding.

136. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 to reduce the use of synthetic fertilisers, herbicides and / or pesticides on a plant or on the soil in which the plant is growing compared to the absence of said composition.

137. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 to increase nutrient uptake by plants growing in soil to which the composition has been applied compared to the absence of the composition.

138. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 to reduce the absorption of one or more toxins, such as heavy metals, by plants growing in soil comprising said composition.

139. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 to increase the plant nutrient density of plants growing in soil to which the composition has been applied compared to the absence of the composition.

140. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 for reducing the carbon footprint of livestock farming.

141. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 to increase the production of oil in a plant that is not cannabis.

142. 116. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 115 in the regeneration of degraded soils.

143. A method comprising combining a first population of microorganisms comprising any one of Streptomyces designation numbers 1 to 45 shown in Table 2 (deposited under ATCC Nos. PTA-127367 to 127413, respectively) with a second population of microorganisms different from the first population.

144. 116. A method for growing one or more microorganisms, comprising inoculating a heterogeneous medium with a first population of microorganisms comprising the microorganisms of the composition of any one of claims 1 to 115, and providing suitable conditions for the one or more microorganisms to grow.

145. A composition comprising a pure microbial population of the composition of any one of claims 1 to 115 and a heterologous growth medium.

146. 116. A composition consisting essentially of a pure microbial population of the composition of any one of claims 1 to 115 and a heterologous growth medium.

147. 1. A method for enhancing the rate at which atmospheric carbon is converted to carbon products in a soil and / or plant in which the plant is growing, comprising applying to the plant and / or soil in a first application a composition comprising one or more microorganisms, wherein the rate is greater than the rate in a reference soil and / or plant when the plant is grown without the composition.

148. 1. A method for increasing the carbon content of soil, comprising cultivating plants in soil for a period of time, said soil and / or plants being: (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil in which the plant is growing or to be grown, and / or to the plant; (ii) treating the soil by providing conditions suitable for cultivating the plant for the period of time; an augmentation method, thereby increasing soil carbon content.

149. 1. A composition comprising soil and a plant grown in the soil, the plant including parts thereof, such as roots, in the soil, wherein the soil and plant parts are: (i) at least 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 kg / m ３ , and / or 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 kg / m ３ For example, 0.5 to 40, preferably 2 to 40, more preferably 5 to 40, even more preferably 7 to 35, even more preferably 7 to 30, and even more preferably 7 to 25 kg / m ３ soil carbon content, and (ii) at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40 microorganisms heterologous to the soil and / or plant, for example, at least 1, preferably at least 5, more preferably at least 10, even more preferably at least 15, even more preferably at least 25, and even more preferably at least 40 microorganisms The composition comprising:

150. 1. A method of earning carbon credits comprising cultivating plants in an area of ​​soil for a period of time, said soil and / or plants being: (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil in which the plant is growing or to be grown, the plant, and / or the seed of the plant; (ii) providing conditions for cultivating said plant in said soil; (iii) determining the increase in soil carbon content in the region of soil over the period of time; (iv) A method of processing by earning carbon credits based at least in part on (iii).

151. 1. A method for reducing methane production in soil, comprising cultivating a plant in the soil for a period of time, the method comprising: cultivating the soil and / or plant in a medium containing: (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil in which the plant is growing or to be grown, the plant, and / or a seed of the plant; (ii) A method of reducing soil methane production by treating the soil by providing conditions for the plants to grow in the soil, thereby increasing the reduction in soil methane production.

152. 1. A method for transferring atmospheric carbon to soil for growing plants, comprising: (i) applying a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil, plants, plant parts, and / or seeds of the plants over an area of ​​at least 1000, 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 250M, or 500M hectares, and / or up to 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 250M, 500M, or 1B hectares, for example an area of ​​1000 to 1B hectares, preferably 10,000 to 1B hectares, more preferably 100,000 to 1B hectares, even more preferably 1M to 1B hectares, even more preferably 10M to 1B hectares, and even more preferably 50M to 1B hectares; (ii) A method of transferring atmospheric carbon to the soil by providing conditions suitable for the growth of the plant for a certain period of time, thereby increasing the carbon content of the soil.

153. 1. A method of reducing the overall carbon footprint of raising farmed animals, comprising feeding said animals and / or feeding said animals plants or plant parts, wherein said plants have been grown or are being grown in soil that has been sprayed with a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms, said composition comprising: (i) increasing the transfer of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to the soil, thereby increasing the carbon content of the soil compared to the absence of the composition; (ii) increasing the biomass of the plants in a given area compared to the absence of the composition, thereby decreasing carbon production per unit of plant biomass; (iii) increasing the nutrient density of the plant and reducing the amount of plant biomass used to increase an economically valuable attribute of the farmed animal by a predetermined amount compared to the absence of the composition; or a combination thereof to reduce the overall carbon footprint of raising the farmed animals.

154. A method of earning carbon credits or other economic benefits, comprising: (i) increasing the carbon content of the soil in which the plants are grown; (a) applying a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil, plants, plant parts, and / or seeds of the plants over an area of ​​at least 1000, 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 250M, or 500M hectares, and / or up to 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 250M, 500M, or 1B hectares, for example an area of ​​1000 to 1B hectares, preferably 10,000 to 1B hectares, more preferably 100,000 to 1B hectares, even more preferably 1M to 1B hectares, even more preferably 10M to 1B hectares, and even more preferably 50M to 1B hectares; (b) providing conditions suitable for the growth of the plants for a period of time to transfer atmospheric carbon to the soil, thereby increasing the carbon content of the soil, and then measuring the carbon content; (ii) earning said carbon credits and / or other economic benefits based at least in part on said increase in carbon content measured in (i); Including, how to earn.

155. (i) a first entity that manufactures, distributes, or otherwise supplies one or more compositions comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to one or more second entities; (ii) the second entity or entities, (a) have land ownership, management or other rights in the area of ​​land on which the plants are grown; (b) using the one or more compositions in a manner that includes applying the one or more compositions to the plants, plant parts, seeds of the plants, and / or soil in which the plants are grown, thereby achieving for the second entity or each of the plurality of second entities one or more economic benefits that are attributable in whole or in part to the use of the one or more compositions; the second entity, or said plurality of second entities, wherein the area of ​​land is at least 1000, 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 250M, or 500M hectares, and / or no more than 10,000, 100,000, 1M, 10M, 50M, 100M, 250M, 500M, or 1B hectares, for example 1000 to 1B, preferably 10,000 to 1B, more preferably 100,000 to 1B, even more preferably 1M to 1B hectares, even more preferably 10M to 1B hectares, and even more preferably 50M to 1B hectares; (iii) a contract between the first entity and the second entity, or between the first entity and each of the plurality of second entities, that provides for the allocation of economic benefits between the first entity and the second entity, or between the first entity and each of the plurality of second entities; and (iv) a processor that receives information about the contract and information about the one or more economic benefits, determines an allocation between the first entity and the second entity, or between the first entity and each of the plurality of second entities, and communicates information including the allocation to the first and / or second entities. Including, the system.

156. 1. A method of obtaining economic benefits from land cultivating plants, said land comprising at least 10, 100, 1000, 10,000, 100,000, 1M, or 10M hectares, said method comprising: (i) obtaining and using one or more compositions comprising a microbial consortium; (a) the one or more compositions are supplied by a first entity that manufactures, distributes, or otherwise supplies the one or more compositions to a second entity or entities that own, manage, operate, or have other rights over land within the area of ​​land on which the plants are grown, or to a third entity that is at least partially controlled, directly or indirectly, by the second entity; (b) the second entity or entities use the one or more compositions in a manner that includes applying the one or more compositions to the plants, plant parts, seeds of the plants, and / or soil in which the plants are grown, whereby one or more economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to the use of the one or more compositions are achieved for the second entity or each of the plurality of second entities, and the method also includes: (ii) measuring the amount of said one or more economic benefits; (iii) allocating the amount of the one or more economic benefits between the first and second entities, or between the first entity and each of the plurality of second entities. Including, how to earn.

157. 1. A method for reducing water use for growing and / or maintaining said plants in said soil, said method comprising growing and / or maintaining plants in soil for a period of time, said soil and / or plants being: (i) applying to the soil, the plant a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms or derivatives thereof; (ii) treating the plant by providing suitable conditions for the plant to grow and / or be maintained in the soil for a period of time; This reduces the amount of water required to produce a given amount of biomass from the plant and / or the amount of water required to maintain the plant in a desired state compared to the amount of water required to produce biomass and / or the amount of water required to maintain the plant in a desired state for a reference soil and plant over a period of time.

158. 1. A method for increasing the water holding capacity of soil in which a plant is grown, said method comprising cultivating said plant in said soil for a period of time, said soil and / or plant being: (i) applying to the soil in which the plant is growing or to be grown, and / or to the plant, a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms or derivatives thereof; (ii) providing suitable conditions for cultivating the plant in the soil for a period of time. It is processed by The method of increasing, whereby the water holding capacity, e.g., WHC, of ​​the soil is improved compared to a reference soil and plant.

159. A composition comprising soil in which a plant is grown or has been grown, said soil comprising: (i) a water retention capacity of at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% wt / w, and / or no more than 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70% wt / w, for example, 20-70%, preferably 25-65%, more preferably 25-55%, even more preferably 30-65%, even more preferably 35-65%, and even more preferably 35-55%, and (ii) a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 70, or 100 species, and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 70, 100, or 150 different microorganisms heterologous to the soil and / or plant, for example at least 1 species, preferably at least 5 species, more preferably at least 10 species, even more preferably at least 15 species, even more preferably at least 25 species, even more preferably at least 40 species, or preferably 1 to 150 species, more preferably 1 to 100 species, even more preferably 1 to 70 species, even more preferably 1 to 50 species.

160. A composition comprising soil in which a plant is grown or has been grown, said soil comprising: (i) at least 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1.45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, or 1.70, and / or 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1.45, 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, 1.70, 1.75, 1.80, 1.85, 1.90, or 1.95 or less, for example, 1.0 to 1.90, preferably 1.05 to 1.85, more preferably 1.10 to 1.50, even more preferably 1.20 to 1.75, even more preferably 1.35 to 1.70, and even more preferably 1.55 to 1.85 g / cm ３ and having an average density of soil dry weight of (ii) a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 70, or 100 species, and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 70, 100, or 150 different microorganisms heterologous to the soil and / or plant, for example at least 1 species, preferably at least 5 species, more preferably at least 10 species, even more preferably at least 15 species, even more preferably at least 25 species, even more preferably at least 40 species, or preferably 1 to 150 species, more preferably 1 to 100 species, even more preferably 1 to 70 species, even more preferably 1 to 50 species.

161. 1. A method for regulating, e.g. improving, one or more properties of soil in which a plant is grown and / or maintained, said method comprising cultivating said plant in said soil for a period of time, said soil and / or plant being: (i) applying a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil in which the plant is growing or to be grown, and / or to the plant; (ii) by providing conditions suitable for cultivating the plant in the soil for the period of time; A method of modulation whereby said one or more properties are modulated, e.g. improved, compared to a reference soil and plant.

162. 1. A method for regenerating vegetation in soil that has been partially or completely depleted of one or more types of vegetation and / or soil that has a reduced capacity to cultivate and / or sustain new vegetation, comprising: (i) applying to the soil, to plants being grown or to be grown in the soil, and / or to seeds of the plants a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms; (ii) providing suitable conditions for cultivating the plant in the soil for a period of time. The regeneration method comprising:

163. 1. A method for remediating damaged or degraded soil, comprising: (i) applying to the soil a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms; (ii) providing suitable conditions for cultivating plants in the soil for a period of time; The repair method comprising:

164. 1. A method of reducing or eliminating flooding on land that has experienced or is likely to experience flooding, the soil of said land having plants cultivated, being cultivated, or to be cultivated therein, said method comprising: (i) applying to the soil, the plant, and / or the plant seed a first application of a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms; (ii) treating the soil by providing conditions suitable for cultivating the plant for the period of time; The method of reducing or eliminating flooding of said land, whereby flooding of said land is reduced or eliminated.

165. 1. A method for increasing the density of one or more nutrients in a plant or plant part, e.g., a plant or plant part for animal consumption, comprising: (i) spraying the soil in which the plant is being grown or will be grown, and / or the plant, with a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms; (ii) providing conditions suitable for cultivation of the plant for a period of time, e.g., a period sufficient for the animal to consume the plant or plant part; The method of increasing, whereby the density of the one or more nutrients in the plant or plant part is increased compared to a reference plant or plant part.

166. 1. A method for increasing the uptake of one or more plant nutrients by a plant grown in soil, comprising: (i) spraying the soil in which the plant is being grown or will be grown, and / or the plant, with a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms; (ii) providing conditions suitable for plant growth and for the proliferation and / or other action of the microorganisms for a period suitable for increased nutrient uptake by the plant; This increases the uptake of plant nutrients by the plant.

167. 1. A method for converting one or more plant nutrients from a non-bioavailable form to a bioavailable form in soil in which a plant is grown, the method comprising: (i) applying a composition comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to the soil in which the plant is being grown or to be grown, and / or to the plant; (ii) providing conditions suitable for the growth of the plant and the proliferation and / or other activities of the microorganisms for a period of time sufficient to convert the one or more plant nutrients in the soil from a non-bioavailable form to a bioavailable form; A method of converting whereby said one or more plant nutrients are converted from a non-bioavailable form to a bioavailable form.

168. A composition comprising a plant, (i) above-ground portions; and (ii) Underground part wherein the underground portion comprises roots of the plant and soil associated with the roots, and the underground portion comprises: (a) one or more microorganisms heterologous to the soil and / or plant; and (b) higher concentrations of bioavailable nutrients than the reference plants and soils; A composition comprising:

169. 1. A composition comprising a plant, e.g., a plant whose plant or plant parts are edible to animals, and soil in which said plant is grown, (i) the soil and / or the roots of the plant in the soil contain one or more microorganisms heterologous to the soil and / or plant; (ii) The plant or plant part comprises a higher density of one or more nutrients, e.g., one or more nutrients for animals, than a reference plant or plant part.

170. 1. A method of converting non-organic agricultural practices to organic agricultural practices, comprising: (i) applying a composition comprising a plurality of microorganisms to a plant, and / or soil in which the plant is being grown or to be grown, wherein the plant and soil have been subjected to non-organic agricultural practices up to a first time point, in a first application at the first time point; (ii) providing conditions suitable for the growth of said plants and the proliferation and other activities of said microorganisms for a period of time; A conversion method wherein after said period of time, said non-organic agricultural practices are converted to organic agricultural practices.

171. 1. A method for achieving a reduction in the concentration of a toxin in soil, a reduction in the absorption of said toxin by plants grown in said soil, and / or a reduction in the concentration of said toxin in said plants or plant parts, comprising: (i) in a first application, a composition comprising a plurality of microorganisms is applied to the plant or part thereof and / or the soil; (ii) providing conditions suitable for the growth of said plants and the proliferation and other activities of said microorganisms for a period of time; The method, wherein after the certain period of time has passed, the concentration of the toxin in the soil, the absorption of the toxin by the plant grown in the soil, and / or the concentration of the toxin in the plant or plant part is reduced compared to before the first application.

172. (i) a first entity that manufactures, distributes, or otherwise supplies one or more compositions comprising a plurality of different microorganisms to one or more other entities; (ii) the second entity, or a third entity that is at least partially controlled, directly or indirectly, by the second entity, that obtains, directly or indirectly, from the first entity, the one or more compositions comprising a microbial consortium and uses the one or more compositions in a manner that includes applying the one or more compositions to the plants, plant parts, seeds of the plants, and / or the soil in which the plants are grown, thereby achieving one or more economic benefits for the second entity that are attributable in whole or in part to the use of the one or more compositions; (iii) an agreement between said first and second entities that provides for the allocation of said economic benefits between said first and second entities; and (iv) a processor that receives information regarding the contract and information regarding the one or more economic benefits, determines the allocation between the first entity and the second entity, and communicates information including the allocation to the first and / or second entity. A system including:

173. 1. A method for obtaining economic benefits from land on which plants are grown, comprising: (i) obtaining and using one or more compositions comprising a plurality of different microorganisms; (a) the one or more compositions are supplied by a first entity that manufactures, distributes, or otherwise supplies the one or more compositions to a second entity that owns, manages, operates, or has other rights over land within the area of ​​land on which the plants are grown, or to a third entity that is at least partially controlled, directly or indirectly, by the second entity; (b) the second entity uses the one or more compositions in a manner that includes applying the one or more compositions to the plants, plant parts, seeds of the plants, and / or soil in which the plants are grown, whereby one or more economic benefits attributable in whole or in part to the use of the one or more compositions are achieved for the second entity, and the method also includes: (ii) measuring the amount of said one or more economic benefits; (iii) allocating the amount of the one or more economic benefits between the first and second entities, or between the first entity and each of the plurality of second entities. Including, how to earn.

174. 1. A method for improving one or more properties of a tree rooted in soil, comprising: (i) providing one or more nutrients to the soil in which the tree is rooted; (ii) providing to the soil and / or the tree in a first application a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, or 150 species, and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, or 200 different species of microorganisms.

175. 1. A method for revitalizing a dormant tree, the method comprising applying to the soil in which the tree is rooted and / or to the tree a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, or 150 species and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, or 200 different species of microorganisms, wherein the microbial composition is applied to the soil in which the tree is rooted in a first application and the tree is allowed to grow over a period of time.

176. (i) a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, or 150 species, and / or no more than 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, or 200 different species of microorganisms in a first package; (ii) a composition comprising at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, or 200 nutrients and / or no more than 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 200, or 500 nutrients in a second package distinct from the first package; Kit including:

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