Battery pack

Abstract

The present invention provides a battery pack including a plurality of battery modules 100, each including one or more battery cells and a module housing 120 in which the one or more battery cells are seated and which is at least partially open upward, a pack housing 200 in which the plurality of battery modules 100 are seated and which has an exhaust port (T), and a first cover 300 which covers an upper portion of the plurality of battery modules 100 and has a plurality of exhaust holes 310 which correspond to the plurality of battery modules 100, penetrate in the vertical direction, and communicate with the exhaust port (T). Each of the exhaust holes 310 is in vertical communication with the internal space of the module housing 120 of the corresponding battery module 100, and the height position of the upper end of the inner circumferential surface is higher than the height position of the upper end of the battery cell seated in the module housing 120 of the battery module 100.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0156757, filed November 21, 2022, and all contents disclosed in the documents of this Korean patent application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery pack, and more particularly to a battery pack that has a simple configuration, is low cost, and easily retards heat propagation, thereby suppressing the deterioration of thermal runaway. [Background technology]

[0003] Secondary batteries are batteries that can be charged and discharged, unlike primary batteries that cannot be recharged. Secondary batteries are used not only in small, cutting-edge electronic devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, and laptops, but also as power sources for energy storage systems (ESS), electric vehicles (EVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).

[0004] A battery module 100 refers to a device in which a number of secondary batteries (hereinafter referred to as battery cells) are connected in series or parallel. A battery pack refers to a device in which a number of battery modules 100 are connected in series or parallel. If a problem such as a short circuit occurs in some battery cells inside the battery pack or battery module 100, and the temperature of the battery cells exceeds a critical temperature, a thermal runaway phenomenon may occur.

[0005] Heat, flames, etc. generated by a thermal runaway phenomenon in some battery cells inside a battery pack or battery module 100 raise the temperature of other battery modules 100 or battery cells, which can spread the thermal runaway phenomenon to other battery modules 100 or battery cells. If the thermal runaway phenomenon spreads rapidly to other battery modules 100 or battery cells, the battery pack or battery module 100 may ignite or explode. For this reason, it is necessary to delay the heat transfer (propagation) between battery cells or battery modules 100.

[0006] In this regard, Korean Patent No. 10-2332128 provides a battery pack in which a silicone sponge pad is installed between battery cells to delay / prevent the propagation of thermal runaway.

[0007] However, if special pads are provided between the battery cells to delay the heat transfer (propagation) between the battery modules 100 or battery cells, problems arise in that the manufacturing cost and the size of the battery pack or battery module 100 increase. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Korean Patent No. 10-2332128 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a battery pack that has a simple configuration, is low-cost, and can easily delay thermal propagation (TP) and suppress the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR).

[0010] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack that has a simple structure and reduces the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the battery pack.

[0011] The technical object of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other unmentioned objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood from the following description and can be more clearly understood from the examples of the present invention. Furthermore, it can be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be achieved by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention may include a plurality of battery modules 100, a pack housing 200, and a first cover 300.

[0013] Each of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include one or more battery cells and a module housing 120 .

[0014] The module housing 120 may accommodate the one or more battery cells.

[0015] The module housing 120 may be at least partially open upwardly.

[0016] The pack housing 200 can accommodate the plurality of battery modules 100 .

[0017] The pack housing 200 may include a vent (T).

[0018] The first cover 300 may cover the upper portions of the plurality of battery modules 100 .

[0019] The first cover 300 may have a plurality of exhaust holes 310 .

[0020] The plurality of exhaust holes 310 may correspond to the plurality of battery modules 100, respectively.

[0021] The plurality of exhaust holes 310 may be formed to penetrate in the vertical direction.

[0022] The plurality of exhaust holes 310 may be in communication with the exhaust port (T).

[0023] Each of the exhaust holes 310 may be in vertical communication with the internal space of the module housing 120 of the corresponding battery module 100 .

[0024] The height position of the upper end of the inner circumferential surface of each of the exhaust holes 310 with respect to the corresponding battery module 100 may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the battery cell seated in the module housing 120 of the battery module 100 .

[0025] In each of the battery modules 100, at least one of the module housing 120 and the pack housing 200 of the battery module 100 and the first cover 300 may define a predetermined space (S).

[0026] The predetermined space (S) can correspond to the battery module 100.

[0027] The predetermined space (S) can accommodate the one or more battery cells of the battery module 100.

[0028] Although the predetermined space (S) is closed on all sides, it can be opened upward by the exhaust holes 310 corresponding to the battery modules 100.

[0029] The predetermined spaces (S) different from each other corresponding to the battery modules 100 different from each other may be formed separately from each other.

[0030] In one embodiment, the battery pack may further include a second cover 400 and one or more barriers 500 .

[0031] The second cover 400 may be installed on the top of the first cover 300 .

[0032] The second cover 400 may be installed above the first cover 300 at a predetermined distance.

[0033] The one or more barriers 500 may be located between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 .

[0034] The one or more barriers 500 may be in contact with or coupled to the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 in the vertical direction.

[0035] The one or more barriers 500 can interfere with the flow of gas or heat generated in the battery cells housed in the predetermined space (S).

[0036] When projected onto a horizontal plane, the one or more barrier walls 500 may be located between adjacent pairs of different exhaust holes 310, respectively.

[0037] In one embodiment, the barrier 500 may be coupled to the lower surface of the second cover 400 .

[0038] In one embodiment, the plurality of battery modules 100 may extend in a first direction intersecting with the vertical direction.

[0039] The plurality of battery modules 100 may be mounted in the pack housing 200 in a vertical direction and in a second direction intersecting the first direction.

[0040] The plurality of exhaust holes 310 may be spaced apart from one another in the second direction.

[0041] The one or more barriers 500 may extend in a first direction.

[0042] The one or more barriers 500 may be arranged side by side in the second direction between the plurality of exhaust holes 310 .

[0043] The first cover 300 and the second cover 400 may extend longer than the barrier wall 500 on one side or the other side in the first direction.

[0044] As a result, the gas or heat generated in the battery cells accommodated in the specified space (S) flows between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, but can also flow vertically and in a direction intersecting the first direction on one or the other side of the first direction of the barrier 500.

[0045] In one embodiment, one end of each barrier 500 in the first direction may be located at the same point in the first direction as one end of the exhaust hole 310 in the first direction adjacent to the barrier 500, or may be located on one side in the first direction of one end of the exhaust hole 310 in the first direction adjacent to the barrier 500.

[0046] The other end of each barrier 500 in the first direction may be located at the same point in the first direction as the other end of the exhaust hole 310 in the first direction adjacent to the barrier 500, or may be located on the other side in the first direction of the other end of the exhaust hole 310 in the first direction adjacent to the barrier 500.

[0047] In one embodiment, the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction.

[0048] In one embodiment, at least one battery module 100 of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0049] The plurality of blocks 110 may each include one or more of the battery cells.

[0050] In each of the at least one battery module 100 , the exhaust hole 310 corresponding to the battery module 100 may include a plurality of block exhaust holes 312 .

[0051] The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may correspond to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0052] The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may be formed to penetrate in the vertical direction.

[0053] The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may communicate with the exhaust port (T).

[0054] The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may be formed separately from each other.

[0055] Each of the block exhaust holes 312 may be vertically connected to an internal space of the module housing 120 in which the one or more battery cells included in the corresponding block 110 are seated.

[0056] The height position of the upper end of the inner circumferential surface of each of the block exhaust holes 312 may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells seated in the module housing 120 .

[0057] The predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0058] Each of the block spaces (BS) can accommodate one or more battery cells included in the block 110 corresponding to the block space (BS).

[0059] Each of the block spaces (BS) may be open upward by the block exhaust holes 312 corresponding to the block 110 .

[0060] The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other.

[0061] In one embodiment, the battery pack may further include a second cover 400 and one or more barriers 500 .

[0062] The second cover 400 is installed on the upper portion of the first cover 300, but may be installed at a predetermined distance above the first cover 300.

[0063] The one or more barriers 500 may be located between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 .

[0064] The one or more barriers 500 may be in contact with or coupled to the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 in the vertical direction.

[0065] The one or more barriers 500 can obstruct the flow of gas or heat generated in the battery cells housed in the predetermined space (S) or block space (BS).

[0066] When projected onto a horizontal plane, the one or more barriers 500 may be located between adjacent, different pairs of exhaust holes 310, or between adjacent, different pairs of block exhaust holes 312.

[0067] In one embodiment, the plurality of battery modules 100 may extend in a first direction intersecting with the vertical direction.

[0068] The plurality of battery modules 100 may be mounted in the pack housing 200 in a vertical direction and in a second direction intersecting the first direction.

[0069] The plurality of exhaust holes 310 and the plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction.

[0070] The one or more barriers 500 may extend in a first direction.

[0071] The one or more barriers 500 may be arranged side by side in the second direction between the plurality of exhaust holes 310 and the plurality of block exhaust holes 312 .

[0072] The first cover 300 and the second cover 400 may extend longer than the barrier wall 500 on one side or the other side in the first direction.

[0073] As a result, the gas or heat generated in the battery cells accommodated in each of the specified spaces (S) and block spaces (BS) flows between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, but can also flow in the vertical direction and in a direction intersecting the first direction on one or the other side of the first direction of the barrier 500.

[0074] In one embodiment, one end of each barrier 500 in the first direction may be located at the same point in the first direction as one end of the exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 adjacent to the barrier 500 in the first direction, or may be located on one side in the first direction of one end of the exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 adjacent to the barrier 500 in the first direction.

[0075] The other end of each barrier 500 in the first direction may be located at the same point in the first direction as the other end in the first direction of the exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 adjacent to the barrier 500, or may be located on the other side in the first direction of the other end in the first direction of the exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 adjacent to the barrier 500.

[0076] In one embodiment, the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction.

[0077] In one embodiment, the module housing 120 or the pack housing 200 defining each of the specified spaces (S) may have a through hole 214 formed therein that can be opened and closed to connect the inside and outside of the specified space (S).

[0078] The through-hole 214 may maintain a closed state when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, and may open when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is equal to or higher than the critical value.

[0079] In one embodiment, a plurality of through holes 214 may be formed.

[0080] The plurality of through holes 214 may correspond to the predetermined spaces (S) of the plurality of battery modules 100, respectively.

[0081] The pack housing 200 may further include a plurality of membrane plates 230 disposed adjacent to the plurality of through holes 214, respectively, and separating the plurality of through holes 214 from one another.

[0082] In each of the membrane plates 230, if the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the through-hole 214 separated by the membrane plate 230 exceeds a critical value, the membrane plate 230 may be damaged, causing the through-hole 214 to open.

[0083] Accordingly, the through-holes 214 can maintain a closed state when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, and can open when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is higher than or equal to the critical value.

[0084] In one embodiment, the pack housing 200 may include a seating space (C) and a first flow space (U1).

[0085] The plurality of battery modules 100 can be mounted in the mounting space (C).

[0086] The first flow space (U1) may be formed on one side of the mounting space (C) in a first direction intersecting with the vertical direction thereof. The first flow space (U1) allows gas or heat generated in the plurality of battery modules 100 to flow.

[0087] The plurality of battery modules 100 may be mounted in the mounting space (C) in a vertical direction and in a second direction intersecting the first direction.

[0088] As a result, the plurality of predetermined spaces (S) corresponding to the plurality of battery modules 100 respectively may be formed side by side in the second direction.

[0089] In each of the predetermined spaces (S), the through-hole 214 corresponding to the predetermined space (S) may be formed on one side of the predetermined space (S) in the first direction.

[0090] In each of the predetermined spaces (S), the through-hole 214 corresponding to the predetermined space (S) can communicate the predetermined space (S) with the first flow space (U1).

[0091] In one embodiment, at least one battery module 100 of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0092] The plurality of blocks 110 may each include one or more of the battery cells.

[0093] In each of the at least one battery module 100 , the exhaust hole 310 corresponding to the battery module 100 may include a plurality of block exhaust holes 312 .

[0094] The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may correspond to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0095] The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may be formed to penetrate in the vertical direction.

[0096] The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may communicate with the exhaust port (T).

[0097] The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may be formed separately from each other.

[0098] Each of the block exhaust holes 312 may be vertically connected to an internal space of the module housing 120 in which the one or more battery cells included in the corresponding block 110 are seated.

[0099] The height position of the upper end of the inner circumferential surface of each of the block exhaust holes 312 may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells seated in the module housing 120 .

[0100] The predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0101] Each of the block spaces (BS) can accommodate one or more battery cells included in the block 110 corresponding to the block space (BS).

[0102] Each of the block spaces (BS) may be open upward by the block exhaust holes 312 corresponding to the block 110 .

[0103] The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other.

[0104] The through-holes 214 corresponding to the predetermined spaces (S) that accommodate the one or more battery cells of each of the at least one battery module 100 can connect the plurality of block spaces (BS) to the first flow space (U1).

[0105] In one embodiment, the plurality of block spaces (BS) may extend in a first direction and be formed side by side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0106] The through holes 214 corresponding to the respective predetermined spaces (S) of the at least one battery module 100 may be opened so that all of the plurality of block spaces (BS) communicate with the first flow space (U1) even if the pressure of any one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases. [Effects of the Invention]

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a battery pack may include a plurality of battery modules 100, each including one or more battery cells and a module housing 120 in which the one or more battery cells are seated and which is at least partially open upward; a pack housing 200 in which the plurality of battery modules 100 are seated and which has an exhaust port (T); and a first cover 300 covering an upper portion of the plurality of battery modules 100 and having a plurality of exhaust holes 310 corresponding to the plurality of battery modules 100, which penetrate in the vertical direction and communicate with the exhaust port (T). Each of the exhaust holes 310 may be in vertical communication with an internal space of the module housing 120 of the corresponding battery module 100, and the height position of an upper end of the inner circumferential surface may be higher than the height position of an upper end of a battery cell seated in the module housing 120 of the battery module 100.

[0108] In each of the battery modules 100, at least one of the module housing 120 and the pack housing 200 of the battery module 100 and the first cover 300 may define a predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100, accommodating the one or more battery cells of the battery module 100, and being closed on all sides but open upward by the exhaust hole 310 corresponding to the battery module 100. The different predetermined spaces (S) corresponding to the different battery modules 100 may be formed separately from each other.

[0109] As a result, the predetermined spaces (S) accommodating the battery cells of each battery module 100 are separated from one another, and high-temperature gas and / or heat can escape to the upper side of the predetermined space (S) through the exhaust holes 310 of the first cover 300. Therefore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in one battery module 100 and generates gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat does not quickly propagate / transfer to other battery modules 100, and thermal propagation (TP) can be delayed. Here, thermal propagation (TP) refers to a phenomenon in which a battery module 100 / battery cell experiencing thermal runaway (TR) causes a chain reaction of thermal runaway in other battery modules 100 / battery cells. In addition, because high-temperature gas and / or heat can be easily exhausted upward, it is possible to prevent or delay the thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cell from worsening.

[0110] Furthermore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any of the battery modules 100, generating high-temperature gas and / or heat, the high-temperature gas and / or heat flows above the first cover 300, but at a position higher than the upper ends of the battery cells of the other battery modules 100. Therefore, even if a predetermined space (S) accommodating the battery cells of the other battery modules 100 is opened upward, the high-temperature gas and / or heat will not quickly propagate / transfer to the other battery modules 100, and thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0111] Furthermore, the simple configuration makes it possible to delay thermal propagation (TP) easily and at low cost, and to suppress the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR).

[0112] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack may further include a second cover 400 installed on the first cover 300 but spaced a predetermined distance above the first cover 300, and one or more barriers 500 positioned between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, vertically contacting or joining the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, and obstructing the flow of gas or heat generated from the battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space (S). When projected on a horizontal plane, the one or more barriers 500 may be located between different pairs of adjacent exhaust holes 310, respectively.

[0113] As a result, even if high-temperature gas and / or heat generated by thermal runaway (TR) of any battery module 100 flows into the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, which communicates with a predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of another battery module 100, the barrier 500 can prevent the high-temperature gas and / or heat from easily flowing into the predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of another battery module 100 through the exhaust hole 310. This can delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0114] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the barrier 500 may be coupled to the lower surface of the second cover 400 .

[0115] As a result, since the barrier 500 is coupled to the underside of the second cover 400, even if the pressure between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 increases, a gap may not be generated between the barrier 500 and the second cover 400. Therefore, the barrier 500 can effectively prevent high-temperature gas and / or heat flowing in the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 from easily flowing into a predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of another battery module 100. This can delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0116] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of battery modules 100 may extend in a first direction intersecting the vertical direction and be seated side by side in the pack housing 200 in a second direction intersecting the vertical direction and the first direction. The plurality of exhaust holes 310 may be spaced apart from one another in the second direction. The one or more barriers 500 may extend in the first direction and be arranged side by side in the second direction between the plurality of exhaust holes 310. The first cover 300 and the second cover 400 extend further in one or the other side of the barrier 500 in the first direction. Therefore, gas or heat generated from the battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space (S) may flow between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, but may also flow in the vertical direction and in a direction intersecting the first direction on one or the other side of the barrier 500 in the first direction.

[0117] As a result, gas and / or heat flowing in the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 can flow through the space on one side or the other side of the barrier 500 in the first direction to the exhaust port (T) of the pack housing 200, thereby reducing the vertical width of the battery pack. This allows for a more compact battery pack. In addition, since the height position of the second cover 400 or the first cover 300 can be maximized within the allowable range, high-temperature gas and / or heat can be sufficiently separated upward from the battery cells, improving the effect of delaying thermal propagation (TP) and suppressing the worsening of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cells.

[0118] In addition, since gas and / or heat generated in multiple battery modules 100 flows through the same space on one side or the other side of the first direction of the barrier 500, the structure of the battery pack is simplified and manufacturing and maintenance costs of the battery pack can be reduced.

[0119] According to an embodiment of the present invention, one end of each of the barrier walls 500 in the first direction may be located at the same position in the first direction as one end of the exhaust hole 310 in the first direction adjacent to the barrier wall 500, or may be located on one side in the first direction of the one end of the exhaust hole 310 in the first direction adjacent to the barrier wall 500. The other end of each of the barrier walls 500 in the first direction may be located at the same position in the first direction as the other end of the exhaust hole 310 in the first direction adjacent to the barrier wall 500, or may be located on the other side in the first direction of the other end of the exhaust hole 310 in the first direction adjacent to the barrier wall 500.

[0120] As a result, the barrier 500 can effectively prevent high-temperature gas and / or heat from easily flowing into a predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of another battery module 100 through the adjacent exhaust hole 310. This can effectively delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0121] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction.

[0122] As a result, high-temperature gas and / or heat generated due to thermal runaway (TR) of one battery module 100 flows into the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 through the exhaust hole 310 and is unlikely to flow into the predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of another battery module 100 through another exhaust hole 310 located on the other side of the barrier 500. This is because the gas and / or heat released from the battery module 100 experiencing thermal runaway (TR) and flowing in the first direction by the barrier 500 must rotate 180 degrees to flow into the predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of another battery module 100 through another exhaust hole 310 located on the other side of the barrier 500. As a result, even if the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 is connected to multiple accommodation spaces accommodating battery cells of multiple battery modules 100, thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one battery module 100 among the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110 each including one or more battery cells. In each of the at least one battery module 100, the exhaust hole 310 corresponding to the battery module 100 may include a plurality of block exhaust holes 312 formed vertically through the plurality of blocks 110, respectively, and separated from one another, the plurality of block exhaust holes 312 communicating with the exhaust port (T). Each of the block exhaust holes 312 may vertically communicate with an internal space of the module housing 120 in which the one or more battery cells included in the corresponding block 110 are seated, and the height position of the upper end of the inner circumferential surface may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells seated in the module housing 120. The predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively. Each of the block spaces (BS) may accommodate one or more battery cells included in the block 110 corresponding to the block space (BS) and may be open upward by a block exhaust hole 312 corresponding to the block 110. The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other.

[0124] As a result, the block spaces (BS) accommodating the battery cells belonging to the blocks 110 (e.g., banks) of the battery module 100 are separated from one another, and high-temperature gas and / or heat can escape to the upper side of the block spaces (BS) through the block exhaust holes 312 of the first cover 300. Therefore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any block 110 of any battery module 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat does not quickly propagate / transfer to other blocks 110 and other battery modules 100, and thermal propagation (TP) can be delayed. In addition, because high-temperature gas and / or heat can be easily exhausted to the upper side, it is possible to prevent or delay the thermal runaway (TR) generated in the battery cells from worsening.

[0125] Furthermore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any block 110 of any battery module 100, generating high-temperature gas and / or heat, the high-temperature gas and / or heat flows above the first cover 300, but at a position higher than the upper ends of the battery cells of the other blocks 110 and battery modules 100. Therefore, even if the block space (BS) and the specified space (S) that accommodate the battery cells of the other blocks 110 and battery modules 100 are opened upward, the high-temperature gas and / or heat will not quickly propagate / transfer to the other battery modules 100, and thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0126] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack may further include a second cover 400 installed on the first cover 300 but spaced a predetermined distance above the first cover 300, and one or more barriers 500 positioned between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, vertically contacting or coupled to the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, and obstructing the flow of gas or heat generated from the battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space (S) or the block space (BS). When projected on a horizontal plane, the one or more barriers 500 may be located between adjacent but different pairs of the exhaust holes 310, or between adjacent but different pairs of the block exhaust holes 312.

[0127] As a result, even if high-temperature gas and / or heat generated by thermal runaway (TR) of any block 110 of any battery module 100 flows into the block space (BS) accommodating the battery cells of the other block 110 and the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 that communicates with the predetermined space (S) accommodating the battery cells of the other battery module 100, the barrier 500 can prevent the high-temperature gas and / or heat from easily flowing into the block space (BS) accommodating the battery cells of the other block 110 and the predetermined space (S) accommodating the battery cells of the other battery module 100 through the exhaust hole 310. This can delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0128] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of battery modules 100 may extend in a first direction intersecting the vertical direction and be seated side by side in the pack housing 200 in a second direction intersecting the vertical direction and the first direction. The plurality of exhaust holes 310 and the plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may be spaced apart in the second direction. The one or more barriers 500 may extend in the first direction and be arranged side by side in the second direction between the plurality of exhaust holes 310 and the plurality of block exhaust holes 312. The first cover 300 and the second cover 400 extend further in one or the other direction than the barrier 500. Therefore, gas or heat generated from the battery cells accommodated in the respective predetermined spaces (S) and block spaces (BS) may flow between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, but may also flow in the vertical direction and in a direction intersecting the first direction on one or the other side of the barrier 500 in the first direction.

[0129] As a result, gas and / or heat flowing in the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 can flow through the space on one side or the other side of the barrier 500 in the first direction to the exhaust port (T) of the pack housing 200, thereby reducing the vertical width of the battery pack. This allows for a more compact battery pack. In addition, since the height position of the second cover 400 or the first cover 300 can be maximized within the allowable range, high-temperature gas and / or heat can be moved far enough upward from the battery cells, thereby improving the effect of delaying thermal propagation (TP) and preventing the worsening of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cells.

[0130] In addition, a plurality of battery modules 100 and a plurality of blocks 11 of the battery modules 100 0 The generated gas and / or heat flows through the same space on one side or the other side of the barrier 500 in the first direction, which simplifies the structure of the battery pack and reduces the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the battery pack.

[0131] According to an embodiment of the present invention, one end of each of the barrier walls 500 in the first direction may be located at the same position in the first direction as one end of the exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 adjacent to the barrier wall 500, or may be located on one side in the first direction of one end of the exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 adjacent to the barrier wall 500. The other end of each of the barrier walls 500 in the first direction may be located at the same position in the first direction as the other end of the exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 adjacent to the barrier wall 500, or may be located on the other side in the first direction of the other end of the exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 adjacent to the barrier wall 500.

[0132] As a result, the barrier 500 can effectively prevent high-temperature gas and / or heat from easily flowing into the accommodation space accommodating the battery cells of another battery module 100 or the block space (BS) accommodating the battery cells of another block 110 through the adjacent exhaust hole 310 or the block exhaust hole 312. This can effectively delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0133] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction.

[0134] As a result, high-temperature gas and / or heat generated due to thermal runaway (TR) of any block 110 of any battery module 100 flows into the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 through the block exhaust hole 312, and is then less likely to flow into the predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of the other battery module 100 or the block space (BS) accommodating battery cells of the other block 110 through the other exhaust hole 310 or the other block exhaust hole 312 located on the other side of the barrier 500. This is because the gas and / or heat released from the block 110 of the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred and flowing in the first direction by the barrier 500 must rotate 180 degrees to flow into the predetermined space (S) or the block space (BS) accommodating battery cells of the other battery module 100 or the other block 110 through the other exhaust hole 310 or the block exhaust hole 312 located on the other side of the barrier 500. As a result, the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 is connected to all of the multiple storage spaces that store the battery cells of the multiple battery modules 100, and is also connected to all of the multiple block spaces (BS) that store the battery cells of the multiple blocks 110, so that thermal propagation (TP) can be delayed.

[0135] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the module housing 120 or the pack housing 200 defining each of the predetermined spaces (S) may have a through-hole 214 formed therein that can be opened and closed to communicate between the inside and outside of the predetermined space (S). The through-hole 214 maintains a closed state when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, and can open when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is equal to or higher than the critical value.

[0136] As a result, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any of the battery modules 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat can only escape to the upper side of the predetermined space (S) through the exhaust hole 310 of the first cover 300 and cannot escape from the predetermined space (S) through the through-hole 214 until the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100 where the thermal runaway (TR) occurs reaches a critical value, and the gas and / or heat can remain in the predetermined space (S). This can delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0137] Furthermore, even if the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred exceeds a critical value, and the through-hole 214 corresponding to the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred is opened and gas and / or heat escapes from the predetermined space (S) through the through-hole 214, the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to another battery module 100 is lower than the critical value and the through-hole 214 corresponding to the other battery module 100 is closed, so the gas and / or heat released from the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred may not quickly propagate / transfer to the other battery module 100. This may delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0138] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the through holes 214 may be formed. The plurality of through holes 214 may correspond to the predetermined spaces (S) of the plurality of battery modules 100, respectively. The pack housing 200 may further include a plurality of membrane plates 230 installed adjacent to the plurality of through holes 214 and separating the plurality of through holes 214. When the pressure of the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the through hole 214 separated by the membrane plate 230 exceeds a critical value, the membrane plate 230 may be damaged, thereby opening the through hole 214. Thus, the through hole 214 maintains a closed state when the pressure of the predetermined space (S) is lower than the critical value, and opens when the pressure of the predetermined space (S) exceeds the critical value.

[0139] This allows the through-hole 214, which communicates between the inside and outside of the predetermined space (S), to be opened and closed easily at low cost with a simple configuration in accordance with the pressure of the predetermined space (S).

[0140] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pack housing 200 may include a mounting space (C) in which the plurality of battery modules 100 are mounted, and a first flow space (U1) formed on one side of the mounting space (C) in a first direction intersecting the vertical direction, through which gas or heat generated in the plurality of battery modules 100 flows. The plurality of battery modules 100 may be mounted in the mounting space (C) in a line in a second direction intersecting the vertical direction and the first direction, and thus the plurality of predetermined spaces (S) corresponding to the plurality of battery modules 100 may be formed in a line in the second direction. In each of the predetermined spaces (S), the through-hole 214 corresponding to the predetermined space (S) may be formed on one side of the predetermined space (S) in the first direction, thereby communicating the predetermined space (S) with the first flow space (U1).

[0141] Therefore, unlike the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, the first flow space (U1) is not formed above the mounting space (C) but is formed on one side of the mounting space (C) in the first direction, thereby reducing the vertical width of the battery pack. This allows the battery pack to be made more compact. In addition, since the height position of the first cover 300 or the second cover 400 can be maximized within the allowable range, high-temperature gas and / or heat can be sufficiently separated upward from the battery cells, thereby improving the effect of delaying thermal propagation (TP) and preventing the worsening of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cells.

[0142] In addition, since the gas generated in the multiple battery modules 100 flows through the same first flow space (U1) after passing through the through-holes 214, the structure of the battery pack is simplified and the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the battery pack can be reduced.

[0143] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one battery module 100 among the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110 each including one or more battery cells. In each of the at least one battery module 100, the exhaust hole 310 corresponding to the battery module 100 may include a plurality of block exhaust holes 312 formed vertically through the plurality of blocks 110, respectively, and separated from one another, the plurality of block exhaust holes 312 communicating with the exhaust port (T). Each of the block exhaust holes 312 may vertically communicate with an internal space of the module housing 120 in which the one or more battery cells included in the corresponding block 110 are seated, and the height position of the upper end of the inner circumferential surface may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells seated in the module housing 120. The predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module 100 may include a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively. Each of the block spaces (BS) may accommodate one or more battery cells included in the block 110 corresponding to the block space (BS) and may be open upward by the block exhaust hole 312 corresponding to the block 110. The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed separately from each other. The through hole 214 corresponding to the predetermined space (S) accommodating the one or more battery cells of each of the at least one battery module 100 may connect the plurality of block spaces (BS) to the first flow space (U1).

[0144] As a result, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any of the blocks 110 of the battery module 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat can only escape to the upper side of the block space (BS) through the exhaust hole 310 or the block exhaust hole 312 of the first cover 300 and cannot escape from the block space (BS) through the through-hole 214 until the pressure in the block space (BS) corresponding to the block 110 where thermal runaway (TR) occurred or the pressure in the predetermined space (S) including these block spaces (BS) becomes sufficiently large, and the gas and / or heat can remain in the block space (BS). This can delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0145] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of block spaces (BS) may extend in a first direction and be arranged side by side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The through-holes 214 corresponding to the predetermined spaces (S) of the at least one battery module 100 may be opened so that all of the plurality of block spaces (BS) communicate with the first flow space (U1) even when the pressure of any one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases.

[0146] Therefore, even if the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred as well as the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110 are open to the first flow space (U1), the plurality of block spaces (BS) are each extended in the first direction and formed side by side in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction, so that gas and / or heat is unlikely to escape from the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred through the through-hole 214 and then flow into the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110 through the through-hole 214. This is because the gas and / or heat that escapes from the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred in the first direction through the through-hole 214 must rotate 180 degrees to flow into the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110 through the through-hole 214. As a result, the pressure in one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases, and even if all the block spaces (BS) are open to the first flow space (U1), thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0147] The above-mentioned effects and specific effects of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the following description of the preferred embodiment of the invention. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0148] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 1 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 3] 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a second cover is removed from the battery pack of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. FIG. [Figure 4] 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which a first cover is removed from the battery pack of FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 5] 4 is a plan view showing a state in which a first cover is removed from the battery pack of FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 6]6 is a perspective view showing a state in which a battery module is removed from the battery pack of FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which a membrane plate is removed from the battery pack of FIG. 6. [Figure 8] FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the first cover and the second cover of FIGS. 1 to 3. [Figure 9] 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9' of FIG. [Figure 10] 1. This is a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10' of FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] 1 is a table comparing the results of a heat propagation experiment between the conventional technology and the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0149] The above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the technical concept of the present invention. In describing the present invention, if a detailed description of known technologies relating to the present invention is deemed to obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings are used to indicate the same or similar components.

[0150] Although terms such as "first" and "second" are used to indicate various components, it is understood that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another, and unless otherwise specified, a first component may also be a second component.

[0151] Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specified, each element may be singular or plural.

[0152] Hereinafter, when an arbitrary structure is arranged "on top (or bottom)" of a component or "above (or below)" a component, it means that the arbitrary structure is not only arranged in contact with the upper surface (or lower surface) of the component, but also that other structures may be interposed between the component and the arbitrary structure arranged above (or below) the component.

[0153] Furthermore, when a component is described as being "coupled," "coupled," or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that the components may be directly coupled or connected to each other, but that other components may be "intervening" between the components, or that each component may be "coupled," "coupled," or "connected" via other components.

[0154] As used herein, singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Terms such as "comprise" or "include" in this application should not be interpreted as including all of the multiple components or multiple steps described in the specification, but should be interpreted as meaning that some of the components or some of the steps may not be included, or that additional components or steps may be included.

[0155] 1 and 2 are a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the battery pack of FIGS. 1 and 2 with the second cover removed. FIGS. 4 and 5 are a perspective view and a plan view showing the battery pack of FIG. 3 with the first cover removed. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the battery pack of FIGS. 4 and 5 with the battery module removed. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the battery pack of FIG. 6 with the membrane removed. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the first and second covers of FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9' of FIG. 1. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10' of FIG. 1. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a table comparing the results of a heat propagation experiment between the conventional technology and the present invention.

[0156] [Battery pack] 1 to 7, a battery pack 10 according to one embodiment may include a plurality of battery modules 100, a pack housing 200, and a first cover 300. The battery pack 10 may further include a second cover 400 and one or more barriers 500. The battery pack may further include a membrane plate 230.

[0157] Each configuration will be specifically considered below.

[0158] [Battery module] A plurality of battery modules 100 may be provided.

[0159] The plurality of battery modules 100 may extend in a first direction intersecting the vertical direction, and may be mounted in the pack housing 200 side by side in a second direction intersecting the vertical direction and the first direction.

[0160] Each battery module 100 may include multiple blocks 110. Each block 110 may include one or more battery cells. Each Block 110 may be a single battery cell or a collection of multiple battery cells.

[0161] Each battery module 100 may include one or more battery cells and a module housing 120 .

[0162] A plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells may be mounted in the module housing 120. The plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells may be arranged side by side in a second direction (e.g., left and right direction) in the module housing 120. The module housing 120 may be at least partially open upward.

[0163] The module housing 120 may include one or more bulkheads 122, as described below.

[0164] [Pack Housing] A plurality of battery modules 100 can be mounted in the pack housing 200 .

[0165] Specifically, for example, the pack housing 200 may include / have a seating space (C) and a first flow space (U1). The pack housing 200 may further include / have a second flow space (U2). The pack housing 200 may include / have an exhaust port (T).

[0166] A plurality of battery modules 100 can be mounted in the mounting space (C).

[0167] A plurality of battery modules 100 may be mounted in the mounting space C in a line in a second direction (e.g., left-right direction). Accordingly, a plurality of predetermined spaces S corresponding to the plurality of battery modules 100 may be formed in a line in the second direction.

[0168] The first flow space (U1) may be formed on one side (e.g., rear side) of the mounting space (C) in a first direction (e.g., front-rear direction). Here, the first direction may be a direction intersecting the up-down direction. The first flow space (U1) may be in communication with the mounting space (C) and a predetermined space (S) described below. For example, the first flow space (U1) may be in communication with the predetermined space (S) through a through-hole 214 (described below) formed in the first partition wall 212. Gas and / or heat generated in the plurality of battery modules 100 may flow in the first flow space (U1).

[0169] The second flow space (U2) may be formed on one side (e.g., the right side) of the mounting space (C) in a second direction (e.g., the left-right direction). Here, the second direction may be a direction intersecting the up-down direction and the first direction. The second flow space (U2) may be in communication with the exhaust hole 310 of the first cover 300. In addition, the second flow space (U2) may be in communication with the first flow space (U1) (e.g., through the through-hole 216). Gas and / or heat generated in the battery module 100 mounted in the mounting space (C) may flow through the second flow space (U2).

[0170] The exhaust port (T) may be connected to the exhaust hole 310 of the first cover 300. The exhaust port (T) may also be connected to the second flow space (U2). Gas and / or heat generated in the battery module 100 mounted in the mounting space (C) may be discharged to the outside of the pack housing 200 through the exhaust port (T).

[0171] Meanwhile, the pack housing 200 may include at least one of a first partition wall 212, a second partition wall 218, and a filter (F).

[0172] The first partition wall 212 can separate the seating space (C) and the first flow space (U1). The first partition wall 212 can define a predetermined space (S) described below. The first partition wall 212 may have a through hole 214 formed therein, which will be described later.

[0173] The second partition wall 218 can separate the seating space (C) from the second flow space (U2), and can define a predetermined space (S) to be described later.

[0174] The filter (F) may be disposed between the second flow space (U2) and the exhaust port (T). The filter (F) can prevent ignitable particles that have separated from the battery cell due to thermal runaway or the like from being discharged to the outside.

[0175] In summary, the gas and / or heat generated in the battery module 100 seated in the seating space (C) Each The air passes through the exhaust hole 310, the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, the second flow space, the filter (F), and the exhaust port (T) in this order, and is then discharged to the outside of the pack housing 200. Each The air can be discharged to the outside of the pack housing 200 through the through-hole 214, the first flow space U1, the second flow space U2, the filter F, and the exhaust port T in this order (FIGS. 3 and 4).

[0176] [First cover] 8 to 10, the first cover 300 may cover the upper part of the plurality of battery modules 100. The first cover 300 may be combined with the module housing 120 of the battery module 100 or may be combined with the pack housing 200.

[0177] The first cover 300 may include / be provided with a plurality of exhaust holes 310 .

[0178] The plurality of exhaust holes 310 may correspond to the plurality of battery modules 100, respectively. The plurality of exhaust holes 310 may be formed to penetrate in the vertical direction. The plurality of exhaust holes 310 may communicate with the exhaust port (T). For example, the plurality of exhaust holes 310 may communicate with the exhaust port (T) through through holes 306 formed to penetrate in the vertical direction on the exhaust port (T) side.

[0179] Each exhaust hole 310 may be in vertical communication with the internal space of the module housing 120 of the battery module 100 corresponding to the exhaust hole 310. is inside The height position of the upper end of the peripheral surface is corresponding to each exhaust hole 310 Battery module 100 One or more It may be higher than the height position of the upper end of the battery cell.

[0180] When the plurality of battery modules 100 extend in a first direction and are mounted in the pack housing 200 in a line in a second direction, the plurality of exhaust holes 310 may be formed spaced apart from one another in the second direction.

[0181] Specifically, for example, the first cover 300 may include an upper frame 302 and one or more ribs 304 (see FIG. 11 ).

[0182] The upper frame 302 may be plate-shaped and may have a plurality of exhaust holes 310 formed therein.

[0183] The one or more ribs 304 are described below.

[0184] [Prescribed space] A plurality of predetermined spaces (S) can be defined. The plurality of predetermined spaces (S) can correspond to the plurality of battery modules 100, respectively. Specifically, Noba At least one of the module housing 120 and the pack housing 200 of the battery module 100 and the first cover 300 are Each A predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100 can be defined.

[0185] Each predetermined space (S) can accommodate one or more battery cells of the corresponding battery module 100. Although each predetermined space (S) is closed on all four sides, Each The battery module 100 may be open upward by a corresponding exhaust hole 310 .

[0186] The different predetermined spaces (S) corresponding to the different battery modules 100 may be formed separately from each other. 。

[0187] As a result, the predetermined spaces (S) accommodating the battery cells in each battery module 100 are separated from one another, and high-temperature gas and / or heat can escape upward through the exhaust holes 310 of the first cover 300. Therefore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in one battery module 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat does not quickly propagate / transfer to other battery modules 100, and thermal propagation (TP) can be delayed. Here, thermal propagation (TP) refers to a phenomenon in which a battery module 100 / battery cell experiencing thermal runaway (TR) causes a chain reaction of thermal runaway in other battery modules 100 / battery cells. In addition, because high-temperature gas and / or heat can be easily exhausted upward, it is possible to prevent or delay the thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cell from worsening.

[0188] Furthermore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any of the battery modules 100, generating high-temperature gas and / or heat, the high-temperature gas and / or heat flows above the first cover 300, but at a position higher than the upper ends of the battery cells of the other battery modules 100. Therefore, even if a predetermined space (S) accommodating the battery cells of the other battery modules 100 is opened upward, the high-temperature gas and / or heat will not quickly propagate / transfer to the other battery modules 100, and thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0189] Furthermore, the simple configuration makes it possible to delay thermal propagation (TP) easily and at low cost, thereby suppressing the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR).

[0190] [Second cover, barrier] The second cover 400 is installed above the first cover 300, but may be installed above the first cover 300 at a predetermined distance.

[0191] One or more barriers 500 may be located between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400. The one or more barriers 500 may be in contact with or connected to the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 in the vertical direction. The one or more barriers 500 may be Each Contained in a designated space (S) One or more The flow of gas or heat generated in the battery cell can be interfered with.

[0192] One or more barriers 500 may be located between pairs of adjacent, different exhaust holes 310 when projected onto a horizontal plane.

[0193] As a result, even if high-temperature gas and / or heat generated by thermal runaway (TR) of any battery module 100 flows into the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, which communicates with a predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of another battery module 100, the barrier 500 can prevent the high-temperature gas and / or heat from easily flowing into the predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of another battery module 100 through the exhaust hole 310. This can delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0194] One or more The barrier 500 may be coupled to the lower surface of the second cover 400 .

[0195] As a result, since the barrier 500 is coupled to the underside of the second cover 400, even if the pressure between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 increases, a gap may not be generated between the barrier 500 and the second cover 400. Therefore, the barrier 500 can effectively prevent high-temperature gas and / or heat flowing in the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 from easily flowing into a predetermined space (S) that accommodates battery cells of another battery module 100. This can delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0196] When multiple exhaust holes 310 are formed separated from each other in the second direction, one or more barriers 500 may extend in the first direction and may be arranged side by side in the second direction between the multiple exhaust holes 310.

[0197] At this time, the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 are Each The barrier 500 extends further to one side (for example, the rear side) or the other side (for example, the front side) in the first direction than the barrier 500, thereby Each Contained in a designated space (S) One or more Gas or heat generated in the battery cell flows between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, Each At one side or the other side of the first direction of the barrier 500, the liquid can flow in the vertical direction and in a direction intersecting the first direction (for example, a second direction) (FIG. 10).

[0198] As a result, gas and / or heat flowing in the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 can flow through the space on one side or the other side of the barrier 500 in the first direction to the exhaust port (T) of the pack housing 200, thereby reducing the vertical width of the battery pack. This allows for a more compact battery pack. In addition, since the height position of the second cover 400 or the first cover 300 can be maximized within the allowable range, high-temperature gas and / or heat can be sufficiently separated upward from the battery cells, improving the effect of delaying thermal propagation (TP) and suppressing the worsening of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cells.

[0199] In addition, since gas and / or heat generated in multiple battery modules 100 flows through the same space on one side or the other side of the first direction of the barrier 500, the structure of the battery pack is simplified and manufacturing and maintenance costs of the battery pack can be reduced.

[0200] At this time, one end of each barrier wall 500 in the first direction is Each The barrier 500 is located at the same point in the first direction as one end of the exhaust hole 310 adjacent to the barrier 500 in the first direction, or Each The barrier 500 may be located on one side in the first direction relative to one end in the first direction of the exhaust hole 310 adjacent to the barrier 500 (FIG. 10). Each The barrier 500 is located at the same point in the first direction as the other end of the exhaust hole 310 in the first direction adjacent to the barrier 500, Each The barrier 500 may be located on the other side in the first direction from the other end in the first direction of the exhaust hole 310 adjacent to the barrier 500 (FIG. 10).

[0201] As a result, the barrier 500 can effectively prevent high-temperature gas and / or heat from easily flowing into the predetermined space (S) accommodating the battery cells of other battery modules 100 through the adjacent exhaust holes 310. This can effectively delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0202] In this case, the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction.

[0203] As a result, high-temperature gas and / or heat generated due to thermal runaway (TR) of one battery module 100 flows into the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 through the exhaust hole 310 and is then less likely to flow into the predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of another battery module 100 through another exhaust hole 310 located on the other side of the barrier 500. This is because the gas and / or heat released from the battery module 100 experiencing thermal runaway (TR) and flowing in the first direction by the barrier 500 must rotate 180 degrees to flow into the predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of another battery module 100 through another exhaust hole 310 located on the other side of the barrier 500. As a result, even if the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 is connected to multiple accommodation spaces accommodating battery cells of multiple battery modules 100, thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0204] [Block, Block Exhaust, Block Space] At least one battery module 100 among the plurality of battery modules 100 Each of is a plurality of blocks 110 Including Each block 110 may include one or more battery cells. Including Here, the block 110 may be a bank.

[0205] The exhaust hole 310 corresponding to each of the at least one battery module 100 may include a plurality of block exhaust holes 312 .

[0206] The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may correspond to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively. The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may be formed to penetrate in the vertical direction. The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may be connected to the exhaust port (T). The plurality of block exhaust holes 312 may be formed separately from each other.

[0207] Each block exhaust hole 312 may be vertically connected to the internal space of the module housing 120 in which one or more battery cells included in the corresponding block 110 are mounted. The height position of the upper end of the inner circumferential surface of each block exhaust hole 312 may be higher than the height position of the upper end of one or more battery cells mounted in the module housing 120.

[0208] Each of the at least one battery module 100 corresponds to The predetermined space (S) may include a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110, respectively.

[0209] Each block space (BS) is Each Each block space (BS) can accommodate one or more battery cells included in a corresponding block 110. Each block space (BS) can accommodate one or more battery cells included in a corresponding block 110. Each The block 110 corresponding to the block space (BS) may be open upwardly by a corresponding block exhaust hole 312.

[0210] The plurality of block spaces (BS) may be separated from one another by, for example, one or more partition walls 122 of the module housing 120.

[0211] As a result, the block spaces (BS) accommodating the battery cells belonging to each block 110 (e.g., bank) of the battery module 100 are separated from one another, and high-temperature gas and / or heat can escape to the upper side of the block spaces (BS) through the block exhaust holes 312 of the first cover 300. Therefore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any block 110 of any battery module 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat will not quickly propagate / transfer to other blocks 110 and other battery modules 100, and thermal propagation (TP) can be delayed. In addition, because high-temperature gas and / or heat can be easily exhausted to the upper side, it is possible to prevent or delay the thermal runaway (TR) generated in the battery cells from worsening.

[0212] Furthermore, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any block 110 of any battery module 100, generating high-temperature gas and / or heat, the high-temperature gas and / or heat flows above the first cover 300, but at a position higher than the upper ends of the battery cells of the other blocks 110 and battery modules 100. Therefore, even if the block space (BS) and the specified space (S) that accommodate the battery cells of the other blocks 110 and battery modules 100 are opened upward, the high-temperature gas and / or heat will not quickly propagate / transfer to the other battery modules 100, and thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0213] On the other hand, the one or more barriers 500 described above are Each Contained in a designated space (S) or block space (BS) One or more The barriers 500 may be disposed between adjacent pairs of different exhaust holes 310 or between adjacent pairs of different block exhaust holes 312 when projected onto a horizontal plane.

[0214] Here, a pair of adjacent but different exhaust holes 310 may correspond to a pair of adjacent but different battery modules 100. Furthermore, a pair of adjacent but different block exhaust holes 312 may be a pair of different block exhaust holes 312 included in the exhaust holes 310 of the same battery module 100, and may be a pair of adjacent but different block exhaust holes 312.

[0215] As a result, even if high-temperature gas and / or heat generated by thermal runaway (TR) of any block 110 of any battery module 100 flows into the block space (BS) accommodating battery cells of the other block 110 and the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 that communicates with the predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of the other battery module 100, the barrier 500 can prevent the high-temperature gas and / or heat from easily flowing into the block space (BS) accommodating battery cells of the other block 110 and the predetermined space (S) accommodating battery cells of the other battery module 100 through the exhaust hole 310. This can delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0216] In addition, when multiple battery modules 100 extend in a first direction intersecting the vertical direction and are mounted in the pack housing 200 in a line in a second direction intersecting the vertical direction and the first direction, and multiple exhaust holes 310 and multiple block exhaust holes 312 are formed spaced apart from each other in the second direction, one or more barriers 500 may extend in the first direction and be arranged in a line in the second direction between the multiple exhaust holes 310 and multiple block exhaust holes 312 (FIG. 4).

[0217] At this time, as described above, the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 are Each The barrier 500 extends further on one side or the other side in the first direction than the barrier 500, thereby Each Contained in Block Space (BS) One or moreGas or heat generated in the battery cell flows between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, Each The liquid can flow in the vertical direction and in a direction intersecting the first direction (for example, a second direction) on one side or the other side of the barrier 500 in the first direction (FIG. 3).

[0218] As a result, gas and / or heat flowing in the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 can flow through the space on one side or the other side of the barrier 500 in the first direction to the exhaust port (T) of the pack housing 200, thereby reducing the vertical width of the battery pack. This allows for a more compact battery pack. In addition, since the height position of the second cover 400 or the first cover 300 can be maximized within the allowable range, high-temperature gas and / or heat can be moved far enough upward from the battery cells, thereby improving the effect of delaying thermal propagation (TP) and preventing the worsening of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cells.

[0219] In addition, a plurality of battery modules 100 and a plurality of blocks 11 of the battery modules 100 0 The generated gas and / or heat flows through the same space on one side or the other side of the barrier 500 in the first direction, which simplifies the structure of the battery pack and reduces the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the battery pack.

[0220] At this time, one end of each barrier wall 500 in the first direction is Each The barrier 500 is located at the same point in the first direction as one end of the exhaust hole 310 or the block exhaust hole 312 in the first direction adjacent to the barrier 500, or Each The barrier 500 may be located on one side in the first direction relative to one end in the first direction of the exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 adjacent to the barrier 500 (FIGS. 2 and 3). Each The barrier 500 is located at the same point in the first direction as the other end of the exhaust hole 310 or the block exhaust hole 312 in the first direction, or EachThe barrier 500 may be located on the other side in the first direction from the other end in the first direction of the exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 adjacent to the barrier 500 (FIG. 10).

[0221] As a result, the barrier 500 can effectively prevent high-temperature gas and / or heat from easily flowing into the accommodation space accommodating the battery cells of another battery module 100 or the block space (BS) accommodating the battery cells of another block 110 through the adjacent exhaust hole 310 or the block exhaust hole 312. This can effectively delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0222] In this case, as described above, the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction.

[0223] As a result, high-temperature gas and / or heat generated due to thermal runaway (TR) in any block 110 of any battery module 100 flows into the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 through the block exhaust hole 312, and is then less likely to flow into the predetermined space (S) housing battery cells of another battery module 100 or the block space (BS) housing battery cells of another block 110 through another exhaust hole 310 or another block exhaust hole 312 located on the other side of the barrier 500. This is because the gas and / or heat released from the block 110 of the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred and flowing in the first direction by the barrier 500 must rotate 180 degrees to flow into the predetermined space (S) or block space (BS) housing battery cells of another battery module 100 or another block 110 through another exhaust hole 310 or block exhaust hole 312 located on the other side of the barrier 500. As a result, the space between the first cover 300 and the second cover 400 is connected to all of the multiple storage spaces that store the battery cells of the multiple battery modules 100, and is also connected to all of the multiple block spaces (BS) that store the battery cells of the multiple blocks 110, so that thermal propagation (TP) can be delayed.

[0224] [Bulkheads and ribs] For at least one battery module 100 described above that includes a plurality of battery cells each belonging to one of the plurality of blocks 110, the module housing 120 of the battery module 100 may include a partition wall 122.

[0225] The partition walls 122 may be spaced apart from one another in the horizontal direction. For example, the partition walls 122 may be spaced apart from one another and arranged side by side in the second direction (e.g., the left-right direction). The partition walls 122 may separate spaces (block spaces) in which battery cells belonging to different blocks 110 are seated.

[0226] Still referring to FIG. 11, the first cover 300 according to one embodiment may include an upper frame 302 and one or more ribs 304, as previously described.

[0227] One or more ribs 304 may be formed to protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 302. The one or more ribs 304 may correspond to the side walls and / or one or more partition walls 122 of the module housing 120, respectively. When projected onto a horizontal plane, the one or more ribs 304 extend along the corresponding side walls and / or partition walls 122 of the module housing 120, respectively, but may also extend adjacent to or in contact with the corresponding side walls and / or partition walls 122 of the module housing 120.

[0228] The partition walls 122 and the ribs 304 may partition the predetermined space (S) into a plurality of block spaces (BS), thereby forming a plurality of block spaces (BS) that are separated from one another.

[0229] When projected onto a horizontal plane, the partition wall 122 and the rib 304 may be located between a pair of adjacent exhaust holes 310 .

[0230] [Through holes and membranes] One or more through-holes 214 may be formed. Each The through holes 214 define respective predetermined spaces (S). Each It may be formed in the module housing 120 or the pack housing 200. For example, 、2 The first partition wall 212 of the pack housing 200, which defines the two predetermined spaces (S), may have two through holes 214 formed therein that can be opened and closed, connecting the inside and outside of the two predetermined spaces (S) (Figures 4, 6, and 7).

[0231] There may be a plurality of through holes 214. The plurality of through holes 214 can correspond to the predetermined spaces (S) of the plurality of battery modules 100, respectively.

[0232] Each The through-hole 214 is Each When the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, the closed state is maintained; Each When the pressure in a given space (S) exceeds a critical value, it can be opened.

[0233] As a result, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any of the battery modules 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat can only escape to the upper side of the predetermined space (S) through the exhaust hole 310 of the first cover 300 and cannot escape from the predetermined space (S) through the through-hole 214 until the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100 where the thermal runaway (TR) occurs reaches a critical value, and the gas and / or heat can remain in the predetermined space (S). This can delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0234] Furthermore, even if the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred exceeds a critical value, and the through-hole 214 corresponding to the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred is opened and gas and / or heat escapes from the predetermined space (S) through the through-hole 214, the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to another battery module 100 is lower than the critical value and the through-hole 214 corresponding to the other battery module 100 is closed, so the gas and / or heat released from the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred may not quickly propagate / transfer to the other battery module 100. This may delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0235] Meanwhile, as described above, when the first flow space (U1) of the pack housing 200 is formed on one side (e.g., rear side) of the mounting space (C) in the first direction, and the plurality of battery modules 100 are mounted in the mounting space (C) in a line in the second direction, and thus a plurality of predetermined spaces (S) corresponding to the plurality of battery modules 100 are formed in a line in the second direction, Each The through-hole 214 is Corresponding to each through hole It is formed on one side (for example, the rear side) of the predetermined space (S) in the first direction, Corresponding to each through hole The predetermined space (S) and the first flow space (U1) can be connected to each other (FIGS. 1 and 9).

[0236] Therefore, unlike the first cover 300 and the second cover 400, the first flow space (U1) is not formed above the mounting space (C) but is formed on one side of the mounting space (C) in the first direction, thereby reducing the vertical width of the battery pack. This allows the battery pack to be made more compact. In addition, since the height position of the first cover 300 or the second cover 400 can be maximized within the allowable range, high-temperature gas and / or heat can be sufficiently separated upward from the battery cells, thereby improving the effect of delaying thermal propagation (TP) and preventing the worsening of thermal runaway (TR) occurring in the battery cells.

[0237] In addition, since the gas generated in the multiple battery modules 100 passes through the through-holes 214 and then flows through the same first flow space (U1), the structure of the battery pack is simplified and the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the battery pack can be reduced.

[0238] At this time, each of the at least one battery module 100 including the plurality of blocks 110 correspondence The through holes 214 corresponding to the predetermined spaces (S) can connect the plurality of block spaces (BS) with the first flow space (U1).

[0239] As a result, even if thermal runaway (TR) occurs in any of the blocks 110 of the battery module 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat can only escape to the upper side of the block space (BS) through the exhaust hole 310 or the block exhaust hole 312 of the first cover 300 and cannot escape from the block space (BS) through the through-hole 214 until the pressure in the block space (BS) corresponding to the block 110 where thermal runaway (TR) occurred or the pressure in the predetermined space (S) including these block spaces (BS) becomes sufficiently large, and the gas and / or heat can remain in the block space (BS). This can delay thermal propagation (TP).

[0240] At this time, the plurality of block spaces (BS) may be formed to extend in a first direction and be arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and each of the at least one battery module 100 corresponds to The through-hole 214 corresponding to a predetermined space (S) can be opened so that all of the plurality of block spaces (BS) communicate with the first flow space (U1) even if the pressure of any one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases.

[0241] As a result, even if the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred as well as the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110 are open to the first flow space (U1), the plurality of block spaces (BS) are each extended in the first direction and formed side by side in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction, so that gas and / or heat is unlikely to flow into the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110 through the through holes 214 after escaping from the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred through the through holes 214 in the first direction. This is because the gas and / or heat that has escaped from the block space (BS) of the block 110 in which thermal runaway (TR) has occurred through the through holes 214 in the first direction must rotate 180 degrees to flow into the block spaces (BS) of the other blocks 110 through the through holes 214. As a result, the pressure in one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases, and even if all the block spaces (BS) are open to the first flow space (U1), thermal propagation (TP) may be delayed.

[0242] A plurality of membrane plates 230 may be provided. The plurality of membrane plates 230 may be installed adjacent to the plurality of through holes 214, respectively. The plurality of membrane plates 230 may separate the plurality of through holes 214, respectively (FIGS. 9 and 10).

[0243] each membrane Plate 230 separates Each When the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the through hole 214 is equal to or greater than a critical value, Each The membrane 230 is damaged, Each The through-hole 214 can be opened. Each The through-hole 214 is Each If the pressure in a given space (S) is less than the critical value, it will remain closed. Each When the pressure in a given space (S) exceeds a critical value, it can be opened.

[0244] This allows the through-hole 214, which communicates between the inside and outside of the predetermined space (S), to be opened and closed easily at low cost with a simple configuration in accordance with the pressure of the predetermined space (S).

[0245] [Experimental Results] 12, it can be seen that the time interval between the occurrence of thermal runaway (TR) in one battery module 100 of the battery pack and thermal propagation (TP) to the adjacent battery module 100 of the same battery pack is 8 seconds in the battery pack according to the conventional technology, while it is approximately 17 minutes (1022 seconds) in the battery pack according to the present invention. In other words, in the battery pack according to the present invention, thermal propagation (TP) can be significantly delayed.

[0246] On the other hand, "V0" in FIG. 12 indicates the time when the voltage of the battery module 100 in which thermal runaway occurs becomes 0V, and "pressure" indicates a value obtained by subtracting 1 (unit: bar) from the measured value.

[0247] It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all respects and are not limiting, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the following claims rather than the above detailed description. All modifications and variations within the meaning and scope of the following claims, as well as equivalent concepts, should be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention.

[0248] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to illustrative drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and drawings disclosed in this specification, and various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention. Furthermore, even if the effects of the configuration of the present invention are not explicitly described in the above description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is natural that the effects that can be predicted by the configuration should also be recognized. [Explanation of symbols]

[0249] 10 Battery pack 100 Battery Module 110 blocks 120 module housing 122 Bulkhead S designated space BS Block Space 200 pack housing 212 First Partition Wall 214 Through hole 216 Through hole 218 Second Partition Wall 230 Membrane plate C Seating space U1 1st flow space U2 2nd flow space F Filter (F) T exhaust port 300 1st Cover 302 Upper Frame 304 Rib 306 Through hole 310 Exhaust vent 312 Block exhaust hole 400 2nd cover 500 Barrier

Claims

1. a plurality of battery modules (100) each including one or more battery cells and a module housing (120) in which the one or more battery cells are seated and which is at least partially open upward; a pack housing (200) in which the plurality of battery modules (100) are seated and which has an exhaust port (T); a first cover (300) covering the upper part of the plurality of battery modules (100), and including a plurality of exhaust holes (310) that correspond to the plurality of battery modules (100), are formed through the first cover (300) in the vertical direction, and communicate with the exhaust port (T); Including, Each of the exhaust holes (310) is vertically connected to the internal space of the module housing (120) of the corresponding battery module (100), and the height position of the upper end of the inner circumferential surface is higher than the height position of the upper end of the battery cell seated in the module housing (120) of the battery module (100); In each of the battery modules (100), at least one of the module housing (120) and the pack housing (200) of the battery module (100) and the first cover (300) accommodate the one or more battery cells of the battery module (100) in correspondence with the battery module (100), and define a predetermined space (S) that is closed on all sides but is open upward by the exhaust hole (310) corresponding to the battery module (100); The predetermined spaces (S) corresponding to the different battery modules (100) are formed separately from each other. Battery pack.

2. a second cover (400) installed on the upper part of the first cover (300), the second cover (400) being installed at a predetermined distance above the first cover (300); one or more barriers (500) positioned between the first cover (300) and the second cover (400), contacting or being coupled to the first cover (300) and the second cover (400) in a vertical direction, and interfering with the flow of gas or heat generated in the battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space (S); Further comprising: When projected onto a horizontal plane, the one or more barriers (500) are located between adjacent pairs of different exhaust holes (310), respectively. The battery pack according to claim 1 .

3. The barrier (500) is coupled to the lower surface of the second cover (400). The battery pack according to claim 2 .

4. The plurality of battery modules (100) extend in a first direction intersecting with a vertical direction and are seated in the pack housing (200) in a line in a second direction intersecting with the vertical direction and the first direction, The plurality of exhaust holes (310) are formed to be spaced apart from each other in the second direction, The one or more barriers (500) extend in the first direction and are arranged side by side in the second direction between the plurality of exhaust holes (310), The first cover (300) and the second cover (400) extend further in one or the other side of the first direction than the barrier (500), so that the gas or heat generated in the battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space (S) flows between the first cover (300) and the second cover (400), but can also flow in the vertical direction and in a direction intersecting the first direction on one or the other side of the barrier (500) in the first direction.

4. The battery pack according to claim 2 or 3.

5. One end of each of the barriers (500) in the first direction is located at the same point in the first direction as one end of the exhaust hole (310) adjacent to the barrier (500) in the first direction, or is located on one side in the first direction of one end of the exhaust hole (310) adjacent to the barrier (500), The other end of each of the barriers (500) in the first direction is located at the same point in the first direction as the other end of the exhaust hole (310) in the first direction adjacent to the barrier (500), or is located on the other side in the first direction of the other end of the exhaust hole (310) in the first direction adjacent to the barrier (500). The battery pack according to claim 4 .

6. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The battery pack according to claim 5 .

7. At least one battery module (100) of the plurality of battery modules (100) includes a plurality of blocks (110) each including one or more of the battery cells; In each of the at least one battery module (100), the exhaust hole (310) corresponding to the battery module (100) includes a plurality of block exhaust holes (312) formed separately from one another, which are formed to penetrate the plurality of blocks (110) in the vertical direction and communicate with the exhaust port (T), Each of the block exhaust holes (312) communicates in the vertical direction with an internal space of the module housing (120) in which the one or more battery cells included in the corresponding block (110) are seated, and the height position of the upper end of the inner circumferential surface is higher than the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells seated in the module housing (120); The predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module (100) includes a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks (110), respectively; Each of the block spaces (BS) accommodates one or more battery cells included in the block (110) corresponding to the block space (BS), and is open upward by a block exhaust hole (312) corresponding to the block (110); The plurality of block spaces (BS) are formed separately from each other. The battery pack according to claim 1 .

8. a second cover (400) installed on the upper part of the first cover (300), the second cover (400) being installed at a predetermined distance above the first cover (300); one or more barriers (500) positioned between the first cover (300) and the second cover (400), coupled to or connected to the first cover (300) and the second cover (400) in a vertical direction, and configured to interfere with the flow of gas or heat generated in the battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space (S) or the block space (BS); Further comprising: When projected onto a horizontal plane, the one or more barriers (500) are located between adjacent pairs of different exhaust holes (310) or between adjacent pairs of different block exhaust holes (312). The battery pack according to claim 7.

9. The plurality of battery modules (100) extend in a first direction intersecting with a vertical direction and are seated in the pack housing (200) in a line in a second direction intersecting with the vertical direction and the first direction, The plurality of exhaust holes 310 and the plurality of block exhaust holes 312 are spaced apart from each other in the second direction, the one or more barriers (500) extend in the first direction and are arranged side by side in the second direction between the plurality of exhaust holes (310) and the plurality of block exhaust holes (312); The first cover (300) and the second cover (400) extend further in one or the other side of the first direction than the barrier (500), so that the gas or heat generated in the battery cells accommodated in the respective predetermined spaces (S) and block spaces (BS) flows between the first cover (300) and the second cover (400), but can also flow in the vertical direction and in a direction intersecting the first direction on one or the other side of the barrier (500) in the first direction. The battery pack according to claim 8 .

10. One end of each of the barriers (500) in the first direction is located at the same point in the first direction as one end of the exhaust hole (310) or the block exhaust hole (312) adjacent to the barrier (500) in the first direction, or is located on one side in the first direction of one end of the exhaust hole (310) or the block exhaust hole (312) adjacent to the barrier (500), in the first direction; The other end of each of the barriers (500) in the first direction is located at the same point in the first direction as the other end of the exhaust hole (310) or the block exhaust hole (312) adjacent to the barrier (500) in the first direction, or is located on the other side in the first direction of the other end of the exhaust hole (310) or the block exhaust hole (312) adjacent to the barrier (500). The battery pack according to claim 9.

11. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The battery pack of claim 10.

12. The module housing (120) or the pack housing (200) defining each of the predetermined spaces (S) is formed with a through-hole (214) that can be opened and closed to communicate the inside and outside of the predetermined space (S), The through-hole (214) maintains a closed state when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, and opens when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is higher than or equal to a critical value. The battery pack according to claim 1 .

13. The through holes (214) are formed in plural numbers, The plurality of through holes (214) correspond to the predetermined spaces (S) of the plurality of battery modules (100), respectively; The pack housing (200) further includes a plurality of membrane plates (230) disposed adjacent to the plurality of through holes (214) and separating the plurality of through holes (214), In each of the membrane plates (230), when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the through hole (214) separated by the membrane plate (230) is equal to or greater than a critical value, the membrane plate (230) is damaged, and the through hole (214) is opened; Therefore, the through hole (214) maintains a closed state when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is lower than a critical value, and opens when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is higher than a critical value. The battery pack of claim 12.

14. The pack housing (200) is formed on one side of a mounting space (C) in which the plurality of battery modules (100) are mounted and a first flow space (U1) through which gas or heat generated in the plurality of battery modules (100) flows, the first flow space (U1) being formed in a first direction intersecting with the vertical direction of the mounting space (C). The plurality of battery modules (100) are mounted in the mounting space (C) in a line in the vertical direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction, whereby a plurality of the predetermined spaces (S) corresponding to the plurality of battery modules (100) are formed in a line in the second direction; In each of the predetermined spaces (S), the through hole (214) corresponding to the predetermined space (S) is formed on one side of the predetermined space (S) in the first direction, thereby communicating the predetermined space (S) with the first flow space (U1); The battery pack of claim 12.

15. At least one battery module (100) of the plurality of battery modules (100) includes a plurality of blocks (110) each including one or more of the battery cells; In each of the at least one battery module (100), the exhaust hole (310) corresponding to the battery module (100) includes a plurality of block exhaust holes (312) formed separately from each other, penetrating in the vertical direction and communicating with the exhaust port (T) in correspondence with each of the plurality of blocks (110), Each of the block exhaust holes (312) communicates in the vertical direction with an internal space of the module housing (120) in which the one or more battery cells included in the corresponding block (110) are seated, and the height position of the upper end of the inner circumferential surface is higher than the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells seated in the module housing (120); The predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module (100) includes a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks (110), respectively; Each of the block spaces (BS) accommodates one or more battery cells included in the block (110) corresponding to the block space (BS), and is open upward by the block exhaust hole (312) corresponding to the block (110); The plurality of block spaces (BS) are formed separately from each other, The through-holes (214) corresponding to the predetermined spaces (S) that accommodate the one or more battery cells of each of the at least one battery modules (100) communicate the plurality of block spaces (BS) with the first flow space (U1).

15. The battery pack of claim 14.

16. The plurality of block spaces (BS) extend in a first direction and are formed side by side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, The through-holes (214) corresponding to the respective predetermined spaces (S) of the at least one battery module (100) are opened so that all of the plurality of block spaces (BS) communicate with the first flow space (U1) even when the pressure of any one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases.

16. The battery pack of claim 15.

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