Rotary pressing device for rotary friction welding

Abstract

To provide a device for integrating a plug with an object by bringing the plug having a shape of a rotation symmetric body into contact with a contact part with the object while rotating the plug around a material axis, and applying pressing force in the material axis direction of the plug.SOLUTION: A rotary pressing device 1 is attached to a material shaft base end part of a plug 10 having a shape of a rotationally symmetric body, and applies a pressing force in a material shaft 71 direction of the plug 10 by bringing a material shaft tip part 17 of the plug 10 into contact with a contact part 70 with an object 60 while applying rotation around a material shaft 71 of the plug 10. The rotary pressing device (1) includes an attachment mechanism (20) for attaching a material shaft base end portion (18) of a plug (10) to the rotary pressing device (1), a rotation mechanism (30) for rotating the plug (10), a pressing mechanism (40) for applying a pressing force to the plug (10), and a reaction force holding mechanism (50) for holding a reaction force generated by the pressing force.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The rotary pressing device of the present invention is a device for integrating a plug having a rotationally symmetric shape with an object by rotating the plug about its material axis relative to the object and bringing the plug into contact with the object at a contact point with the object and applying a pressing force in the direction of the plug's material axis, and particularly relates to a rotary friction welding device used for joining steel materials that constitute steel structural frames such as columns and beams of steel structures. [Background technology]

[0002] There are many types of conventional devices that apply a pressing force while applying rotation. For example, there is a friction welding device 300 shown in Fig. 11. The rotation of a motor 330 is transmitted via a belt 332 or the like to rotate a steel material 310 mounted on one bearing 315 at a rotation speed ω, while a pressing force F is applied to a steel material 320 mounted on the other bearing 325 by a hydraulic cylinder 340. Friction occurs at a contact point 370 between the steel materials 310 and 320, melting or softening the material structure near the contact point 370. After that, the rotation ω is stopped, and the pressing force F is maintained for a certain period of time (upset pressure), thereby integrating the steel materials 310 and 320.

[0003] Patent Document 1 presents a friction welding method in which the tips of a stainless steel round bar and a brass round bar are machined to contact each other, and the contacting parts are pressed against each other while rotating relative to each other, causing friction that melts or softens the material structure near the contacting part and integrates them, as well as a joining structure and an apparatus that applies rotation and pressing force. Patent Document 2 presents a friction welding method in which a short joint auxiliary material with the same cross-sectional shape as the rebars is placed between them in contact with the rebars, and contact parts are formed at the tips of the rebars and the joint auxiliary material, and the joint auxiliary material is rotated while pressing the rebars on both sides against the joint auxiliary material, causing friction to melt or soften the material structure near the contact part and integrate them, as well as a device that applies a pressing force while rotating the joint structure.

[0004] The applicants have presented "rotary friction welding" in Patent Document 3 and "rotary friction welding" in Patent Document 4. However, Patent Document 4 states that when performing rotary friction welding, the method of applying a pressing force in the direction of the rotation axis and the method of applying rotation around the rotation axis are arbitrary, and does not present a specific device (hereinafter referred to as a rotary pressing device) for applying a pressing force while applying rotation. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-301364 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-152563 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-111128 [Patent Document 4] International Publication No. 2019 / 044862 [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-074258 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The conventional friction welding apparatus 300 shown in FIG. 11 is a relatively large, stationary apparatus in which the hydraulic cylinder 340 and the motor 330 are arranged in close proximity inside the apparatus, making it difficult to transport and operate at a construction site or the like.

[0007] Patent Document 1 discloses a method for friction welding dissimilar metal bar materials, in which a conventional milling machine is used to rotate and press one material, which is fixed to the milling machine table, from above onto another material, which is fixed to the spindle via a milling chuck. The rotation is provided by a motor, and the pressing force is mainly provided by human power. This method has the problem that the motor is located close to the area where friction welding is performed, making the equipment large.

[0008] Conventional friction welding methods have been put to practical use for joining relatively small steel materials, such as reinforcing bars. However, in the case of the long reinforcing bars described in Patent Document 2, large-scale equipment is required for rotation. Furthermore, when attempting to apply these methods to joining large-scale steel materials, such as columns and beams in steel structures for buildings, the pressure and power mechanisms required to apply pressure and friction become enormous. Therefore, it is difficult to apply these methods to on-site joining at construction sites for steel structures for buildings. Currently, steel materials that constitute the steel framework, such as columns and beams in steel structures for buildings, are mostly joined using either welding or high-strength bolt friction joints. However, high-strength bolt friction joints have drawbacks, such as cross-sectional defects in the joined steel materials due to bolt holes and difficulty in tightening from only one side of the bolt hole. Furthermore, welding has drawbacks, such as the possibility of defects due to the construction site environment and the skill of the engineer. Therefore, there is a demand for new joining methods that can solve these issues.

[0009] In the case of the "rotary friction welding" technique described in Patent Document 4, installing a motor for applying the rotational force and a hydraulic system for applying the pressing force at the on-site rotary friction welding location at a construction site would require considerable equipment size and weight. During rotary friction welding, the plug pressing force must be maintained at a constant level in stages and the force must be changed quickly. This requirement must be met by the hydraulic cylinder pressure at the rotary friction welding site. However, the metal structures of the plug tip and the cavity bottom near the friction surface melt, causing the plug to incrementally displace axially, expanding the cylinder chamber of the hydraulic cylinder directly connected to the plug. However, the oil in the cylinder chamber is almost inelastic compared to air (an incompressible material), causing the pressing force to drop rapidly. Maintaining this pressing force requires the hydraulic cylinder to be filled with the required amount of oil. In other words, a constant pressing force (pressure) is required. The most common method is to use a hydraulic system with a pressure control function, but such a hydraulic system consists of a hydraulic generator, a hydraulic drive unit, and a hydraulic control unit, and is generally large and expensive. Furthermore, when considering rotary friction welding work, the plug needs to be inserted in various directions, such as upward or at an angle, and this can be difficult as it requires work in narrow spaces where large equipment cannot be installed. Patent Document 5 presents a technology that uses a flexible shaft to transmit rotation in consideration of ease of installation, but flexible shafts that transmit rotation generated by electric motors have large diameters to transmit high-torque rotation and are not lightweight, so they may not necessarily be easy to install. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In this invention, "fluid" refers generally to liquid or gas, including oil, water, air, water vapor, carbon dioxide, helium, argon, etc. Fluid pressure refers generally to pressure exerted by any fluid, i.e., hydraulic pressure or air pressure. Fluid pressure units refer generally to hydraulic pressure units or air pressure units, including hydraulic units, water pressure units, and air pressure units. Fluid pressure pumps refer generally to hydraulic pressure pumps or air pressure pumps, including hydraulic pumps, water pressure pumps, and air pressure pumps. Furthermore, hydraulic pressure refers to pressure caused by any liquid, including oil and water, and includes hydraulic pressure and water pressure. Hydraulic cylinders include hydraulic cylinders and water cylinders. Atmospheric pressure refers to pressure caused by any gas, including air, water vapor, carbon dioxide, helium, argon, etc. When the gas is air, atmospheric pressure and pneumatic cylinders are called pneumatic pressure and pneumatic cylinders, respectively. In a pneumatic / hydraulic combined cylinder, the pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders share a piston rod, the barrel of the pneumatic cylinder is fixed and connected in series with the barrel of the hydraulic cylinder, and a large hydraulic pressure can be obtained by reducing the ratio of the piston area of ​​the hydraulic cylinder to that of the pneumatic cylinder.If the gas in a pneumatic / hydraulic combined cylinder is air and the liquid is oil, it is called a pneumatic / hydraulic combined cylinder.

[0011] In the invention of claim 1, A rotary pressing device that applies rotation about a material axis of a plug having a shape of a rotationally symmetric body, while bringing a tip end of the material axis of the plug into contact with a contact portion with an object to apply a pressing force in the material axis direction of the plug, and controls the rotation and the pressing force independently and in a time-series manner, the rotary pressing device comprising: an attachment mechanism that attaches a base end of the material axis of the plug to the rotary pressing device; a rotation mechanism that applies the rotation to the plug via the attachment mechanism; a pressing mechanism that applies the pressing force to the plug via the attachment mechanism; and a reaction force holding mechanism that holds a reaction force due to the pressing force. Here, the plug is a part that has a rotationally symmetrical shape and is mainly made of metal, and can be easily attached to and detached from the rotary pressing device of the present invention. The target body is a member made primarily of metal that comes into contact with the plug at a contact portion and receives the rotational and pressing force from the rotary pressing device. When the contact portion of the rotationally symmetrical body of the plug in the axial direction with the target body is referred to as the tip end of the shaft and the other end as the base end of the shaft, the plug is attached to the rotary pressing device at the base end of the shaft. The plug functions as a stopper that is fitted into and sealed in a hole in an object, and also functions as a connecting body that joins the divided objects when the object is made up of divided objects. The rotary pressing device of the present invention is a device that applies a pressing force in the direction of the material axis of the plug by bringing the tip end of the material axis of the plug into contact with a contact portion of an object while rotating the plug about its material axis, and is a device that can control the rotation and pressing force. Here, "control" means that the rotation and pressing force can be set independently or quantitatively in a time series manner according to the needs of machining the object.

[0012] In the invention of claim 2, The pressing mechanism is composed of a pressing action unit, a pressing transmission unit, a pressing generation unit, and a pressing control unit, and the pressing force generated by the pressing generation unit is transmitted to the pressing action unit via the pressing transmission unit and applied to the plug as the pressing force. Here, the source of the pressure is arbitrary, but examples include pressure due to gravity, pressure due to an elastic body such as rubber or a spiral metal spring, liquid pressure, gas pressure, or a combination of liquid pressure and gas pressure.

[0013] In the invention of claim 3, The rotation mechanism is composed of a rotation action section, a rotation generation section, and a rotation control section, and the rotation generated by the rotation generation section is transmitted to the rotation action section. Here, the power generation source is arbitrary, but examples include an electric motor and an internal combustion engine such as an engine.

[0014] In the invention of claim 4, The rotation control section is composed of a fluid pressure unit that circulates a fluid, and a fluid circulation section that has an outward path and a return path for the fluid circulated by the fluid pressure unit.

[0015] In the invention of claim 5, The fluid pressure unit is composed of a fluid pressure pump powered by a power source, a fluid tank, and a fluid pressure control section.

[0016] In the invention of claim 6, The fluid pressure unit is controlled by the fluid pressure control unit.

[0017] In the invention of claim 7, The fluid pressure unit is disposed at an arbitrary position away from the attachment mechanism, and the outward and return paths of the fluid are flexible. Here, the outgoing path and the returning path are each made of a flexible tubular body such as a rubber tube.

[0018] In the invention of claim 8, The rotation generating section is configured by a power conversion mechanism that is disposed midway between the outward path and the return path of the circulating fluid and converts circulatory motion into rotational motion. Here, the power conversion mechanism is also called a fluid pressure motor, and is called a hydraulic motor when the fluid is oil, a pneumatic motor when the fluid is air, and a steam pressure motor when the fluid is steam.

[0019] In the invention of claim 9, The power conversion mechanism is composed of gears. Generally, a combination of multiple gears, such as a main gear and an auxiliary gear, is used.

[0020] In the invention of claim 10, The pressure generating section is disposed at an arbitrary position separated from the attachment mechanism, and the pressure transmitting section is flexible.

[0021] In the invention of claim 11, A rotationally symmetrical void having a side peripheral surface and a bottom into which the plug can be easily inserted in the material axis direction is machined in the object body, the rotary pressing device is attached to the base end of the material axis of the plug, the plug is inserted into the void, and the plug is rotated around the material axis while a pressing force is applied to the contact area between the tip end of the material axis of the plug and the bottom of the void, generating friction, and the frictional heat generated by the friction is used to melt the material structure near the contact area to produce molten metal, and the liquefied molten metal is filled into the gap between the side peripheral surface of the plug and the side peripheral surface of the void by using the pressing force generated at the tip end of the material axis of the plug and the rotational motion, and then the rotational motion is stopped to solidify the molten metal and integrate it with the structure near the gap, thereby rotary friction welding the plug and the object. The rotary pressing device of the present invention can be widely used as a device that applies a pressing force while rotating a contact portion with an object via a plug having a rotationally symmetric shape. Specifically, the rotary pressing device can be used in plug welding, where the plug is fitted into a hole in the object to seal it, rotary friction welding (see Patent Document 3), where the plug is machined into a truncated cone shape and the truncated cone surface is frictionally welded to the contact surface of the object (see Patent Document 3), and drilling, where the plug is machined into a drill shape and drills a hole in the object. Furthermore, the rotary pressing device of the present invention can be used as a device for applying a pressing force while imparting rotation to a plug as a joining metal in rotary friction welding as disclosed in Patent Document 4. [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] (1) The rotary pressing device of the present invention is a device that applies a pressing force in the direction of the material axis of the plug by bringing the tip of the material axis of the plug into contact with the contact portion with the target object while rotating the plug about the material axis, and it is possible to set the rotation and pressing force independently, chronologically and quantitatively, according to the needs of the work on the target object. (2) The rotary pressure device of the present invention can easily obtain high torque rotation by using a fluid pressure motor in the rotation generating section, and can configure a lightweight and powerful rotation generating section. (3) Because the rotation generating part is lightweight, it can be directly connected to the rotation acting part, and since there is no separate rotation transmitting part, it is possible to omit a long rotation transmitting part such as a flexible shaft used in conventional technology, thereby reducing the cost of the device. (4) In the rotary pressing device of the present invention, the rotation control unit and pressure generating unit, which are relatively large, such as the fluid pressure unit, pneumatic cylinder, or hydraulic cylinder, can be installed in a predetermined location away from the rotation action unit, pressure action unit, and attachment mechanism, and the relatively compact rotation action unit, pressure action unit, and attachment mechanism can be moved as needed to the vicinity of the work site on the target object. Furthermore, because the fluid circulation unit and pressure transmission unit are flexible, the axial direction of the plug material of the attachment mechanism can be arranged in various spatial directions, such as not only downward but also upward or at an angle, making it suitable for work in narrow spaces. (5) The rotary pressing device of the present invention is suitable for carrying out the rotary friction welding disclosed in Patent Document 4. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall configuration of a rotary pressing device. [Figure 2] 3 is a detailed view illustrating the configuration of a main part of a rotary pressing device. FIG. [Figure 3] 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of a fluid pressure motor, particularly a fluid pressure motor using gears. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a double-acting pneumatic cylinder. [Figure 5] 5(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 2. Fig. 5(a) shows the arrangement of the cylinders in the acting portion side hydraulic cylinder, with Fig. 5(a) showing a center-hole type cylinder arranged coaxially with the rotation shaft 71, and Fig. 5(b) and Fig. 5(c) showing multiple cylinders arranged at equal intervals around the rotation shaft 71. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is an isometric view illustrating a second embodiment of an example of application to rotary friction welding. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is an isometric view illustrating a third embodiment of an example of application to rotary friction welding. [Figure 8] 10A and 10B are a plan view and a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a third embodiment of an example of application to rotary friction welding. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of an example of application to rotary friction welding. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a column-column joint at a steel structure construction site, which is a fifth embodiment of an application example to rotary friction welding. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a conventional technique. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] The following description of an embodiment of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these examples. Note that the same components are designated by the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted or simplified.

[0025] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall configuration of a rotary pressing device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a detailed diagram illustrating the configuration of the main parts of the rotary pressing device 1 in more detail. The rotary pressing device 1 is attached to the base end 18 of the material axis of the plug 10, which has the shape of a rotationally symmetric body. While imparting a rotation ω around a material axis 71 of the plug 10, the rotary pressing device 1 brings the material axis tip end 17 of the plug 10 into contact with the contact portion 70 with the target body 60, applying a pressing force F in the direction of the material axis 71 of the plug 10, thereby controlling the rotation ω and the pressing force F independently and over time. The rotary pressing device 1 is composed of an attachment mechanism 20 that attaches the base end 18 of the shaft of the plug 10 to the rotary pressing device 1, a rotation mechanism 30 that imparts a rotation ω to the plug 10 via the attachment mechanism 20, a pressing mechanism 40 that imparts a pressing force F to the plug 10 via the attachment mechanism 20, and a reaction force holding mechanism 50 that holds the reaction force due to the pressing force F. The attachment mechanism 20 includes a shaft-shaped main body portion 20a that is coaxial with the rotation axis 71 of the plug 10, a plug detachable fixing portion 20b that detachably fixes the base end portion 18 of the shaft of the plug 10 to the tip side of the shaft-shaped main body portion 20a like a (drill) chuck, a rotation action portion connecting portion 20c that connects the rotation action portion 31 to the base end side of the shaft-shaped main body portion 20a, and a pressing action portion sliding portion 20d that slides the pressing action portion 41 against the base end side of the shaft-shaped main body portion 20a. The rotation mechanism 30 is composed of a rotation action unit 31 , a rotation generation unit 33 and a rotation control unit 37 , and the rotation ω generated by the rotation generation unit 33 is transmitted to the rotation action unit 31 . The pressing mechanism 40 is composed of a pressing action unit 41, a pressing transmission unit 42, a pressing generation unit 43 and a pressing control unit 44, and the pressing force p generated in the pressing generation unit 43 is transmitted to the pressing action unit 41 via the pressing transmission unit 42 and applied to the plug 10 as a pressing force F. The reaction force holding mechanism 50 is composed of a rotation action portion holder 52 and a pressure action portion holder 53, and is connected to a holding frame 98 in this embodiment. 2, the rotation action part holder 52 is a part that holds the rotating rotation action part 31, and is composed of a rotation action part sliding contact part 52a. The rotation action part sliding contact part 52a is a steel pipe 52ab with a rotation bearing 52aa provided on the inner peripheral surface, and the rotation action part 31 is inserted and rotates and slides through the rotation bearing 52aa. 2, the pressing portion holder 53 is a component that holds the reaction force that the pressing portion 41 receives from the plug 10, and is composed of a pressing portion connection portion 53a and a pressing reaction force holding portion 53b. The pressing portion 41 is connected by welding or the like to the pressing portion connection portion 53a, which is a circular steel plate 53aa that is circular in plan view and has an opening 53ab in the center through which the rotation portion 31 is inserted. The pressing portion connection portion 53a is joined to the pressing reaction force holding portion 53b and holds the reaction force associated with the pressing p. In this embodiment, the steel pipe 52ab of the rotation action part sliding contact part 52a is integrated with the opening 53ab of the circular steel plate 53aa of the pressing action part connecting part 53a by welding or the like, and is connected to the holding frame 98 via the circular steel plate 53aa of the pressing action part connecting part 53a. Furthermore, for the sake of efficiency in construction, it is preferable to join the holding frame 98 to the structure 99 with an electromagnet 95, which can be easily attached and detached. The structural body 99 is a foundation or structure that can hold a reaction force, and includes a base 90 connected to the foundation or structure, and an object 60 fixed to the base 90.

[0026] The rotation generating unit 33 is composed of a fluid pressure motor 34 serving as a power conversion mechanism, which generates a rotation ω. The rotation speed of the rotation ω is electronically controlled by a fluid pressure control unit 36b by increasing or decreasing the flow rate of the fluid l. The fluid pressure pump 36a in the fluid pressure unit 36 ​​uses a power source 38 as a power source to generate a circulatory motion in the fluid l, and the fluid pressure motor 34 serving as a power conversion mechanism converts the circulatory motion of the liquid into rotational motion to generate the rotation ω. More specifically, the fluid l controlled by the fluid pressure control unit 36b is sent from a fluid tank 36c to the outward path 35a of the fluid circulation unit 35 by the fluid pressure pump 36a, as shown in FIG. 3. The sent fluid l rotates a gear (composed of a main gear 34b and an auxiliary gear 34c) tightly mounted within the housing 34a of the fluid pressure motor 34, rotating the main gear 34b around a rotation axis 34d, thereby generating rotational motion. This rotation is transmitted as the rotation ω of the rotation acting unit 31. The fed fluid l is recovered in the return path 35b of the fluid circulation unit 35 and returned to the fluid tank 36c. Here, the outgoing path 35a and the return path 35b that make up the fluid circulation unit 35 are each tubular bodies that have flexibility like rubber tubes so that their position and direction can be freely changed. Note that the components that make up the power conversion mechanism are not limited to gears, and turbines, turbos, sciroccos, etc. can also be used as the power conversion mechanism. As shown in FIG. 1, the pressure generating unit 43 is composed of a pneumatic / hydraulic combined cylinder 43c consisting of a generator-side hydraulic cylinder 43a and a pneumatic cylinder 43b directly connected to the generator-side hydraulic cylinder 43a, and generates a pressure p. The magnitude of the pressure p is controlled by operating an air intake valve 44b and an exhaust valve 44c connected to an air compressor 44a, which constitutes a pressure control unit 44. The pressure p generated by the pressure generating unit 43 is transmitted to the pressure acting unit 41 by a pressure transmission unit 42 composed of a hydraulic hose 42a. The hydraulic hose 42a is flexible and can be freely changed in position and direction. The hydraulic hose 42a is a prefabricated part that allows for compact hydraulic piping with a small bending radius. The pressing unit 41 is composed of an action unit-side hydraulic cylinder 41a, and the generation unit-side hydraulic cylinder 43a, hydraulic hose 42a, and action unit-side hydraulic cylinder 41a form an equal pressure field as a communicating pipe for oil o, thereby transmitting pressing force p. The action unit-side hydraulic cylinder 41a as the pressing unit 41 is composed of multiple cylinders or a single center-hole type cylinder as shown in Figure 5 described below, and is incorporated into the mounting mechanism 20. As shown in Figure 4, the pneumatic cylinder 43b of the pneumatic / hydraulic combined cylinder 43c is a double-acting cylinder consisting of an pneumatic cylinder A chamber 43ba on the side of the generating unit-side hydraulic cylinder 43a and an pneumatic cylinder B chamber 43bb on the opposite side of the generating unit-side hydraulic cylinder 43a. The pneumatic cylinder A chamber 43ba and the pneumatic cylinder B chamber 43bb each have exhaust valves 44ca and 44cb, and are connected to the air compressor 44a via intake valves 44ba and 44bb, controlling the air pressure in each chamber. As described below, the pressure difference between the air pressure in the pneumatic cylinder A chamber 43ba and the air pressure in the pneumatic cylinder B chamber 43bb acts on the piston of the pneumatic / hydraulic combined cylinder 43c, resulting in a pressure p on the generating unit-side hydraulic cylinder 43a. The attachment mechanism 20 rotates at the same rotation speed as the rotation action portion 31 to transmit the rotation ω to the plug 10, and also transmits the pressing force p acting from the pressing action portion 41 to the plug 10. At this time, since the attachment mechanism 20 rotates but the pressing action portion 41 does not rotate, a horizontal bearing 20da is interposed at the boundary surface between them, causing the pressing action portion sliding contact portion 20d to slide.

[0027] The flange portion 20e formed on the opposite side of the axial plug attaching / detaching fixing portion 20b from the target body 60 functions as the rotation action portion connecting portion 20c and the pressing action portion sliding contact portion 20d, and the rod-shaped part of the rotation action portion 31 is connected to one part of the surface of the flange portion 20e, and the action portion side hydraulic cylinder 41a of the pressing action portion 41 slides against the other part of the surface of the flange portion 20e.

[0028] The acting portion-side hydraulic cylinder 41a is composed of a center-hole cylinder or multiple cylinders, and is in sliding contact with another part of the surface of the flange portion 20e of the mounting mechanism 20 via a horizontal bearing 20da. As shown in FIG. 5(a), the center-hole cylinder is arranged coaxially with the rotation shaft 71. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5(b), two cylinders may be arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the rotation shaft 71, or as shown in FIG. 5(c), three or more cylinders may be arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the rotation shaft 71. However, the arrangement of multiple cylinders is not limited to being arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the rotation shaft 71.

[0029] The fluid pressure unit 36 ​​and the pressure generating unit 43 are each disposed at an arbitrary position, separated from the mounting mechanism 20. The fluid circulating unit 35 and the pressure transmitting unit 42 are flexible in consideration of ease of installation.

[0030] As a second embodiment of the present invention, an example of application of the rotary pressing device 1 to rotary friction welding will be described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is an application example in which a plug 10 is inserted into a cavity 61 provided in an object 60 using a rotary pressing device 1, and the plug 10 and the object 60 are integrated by rotary friction welding. A rotationally symmetrical cavity 61 having a side peripheral surface 63 and a bottom 62 is machined in an object 60, into which a plug 10 can be easily inserted in the direction of a material axis 71. A rotary pressing device 1 is attached to a base end 18 of the material axis of the plug 10. The plug 10 is inserted into the cavity 61. A pressing force F is applied to a contact area 70 between a tip end 17 of the material axis of the plug 10 and a bottom 62 of the cavity 61, and the plug 10 is rotated around the material axis 71 to generate friction. The frictional heat is used to melt the material structure near the contact area 70, producing molten metal. The liquefied molten metal is filled into a gap 64 between the side peripheral surface 12 of the plug 10 and the side peripheral surface 63 of the cavity 61 by using a pressing force f generated at the tip end 17 of the material axis of the plug 10 and the rotation ω. The rotation ω is then stopped, and the molten metal solidifies and integrates with the structure near the gap 64, thereby rotary friction welding the plug 10 and the object 60 together.

[0031] As a third embodiment of the present invention, an example of application of the rotary pressing device 1 to rotary friction welding will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in Fig. 7, the third embodiment is an application example of rotary friction welding as a method for joining a first steel material 110 and a second steel material 120, which are objects 60, using the plug 10 in the second embodiment shown in Fig. 6 as the joining metal 140. Note that the rotary pressing device 1 shown in Fig. 6 is not shown in Fig. 7. The first steel material 110 and the second steel material 120 are steel materials with end faces. Examples of steel materials with end faces include steel plates, flanges and webs that constitute H-shaped steel, and steel plate pipes of closed cross-section components such as square steel pipes and circular steel pipes. A joint in which the end faces are arranged facing each other is specifically a butt joint. The first steel material 110 and the second steel material 120 are arranged adjacent to each other, with the end face 111 of the first steel material 110 and the end face 121 of the second steel material 120 facing each other. It is desirable that the end face 111 of the first steel material 110 and the end face 121 of the second steel material 120 be arranged in surface contact (metal-to-metal contact), but slight misalignment due to unavoidable assembly errors is acceptable. The void 150 is machined to have a rotationally symmetrical side surface 152 that spans the end face 111 of the first steel material 110 and the end face 121 of the second steel material 120, with a straight line perpendicular to the surface 112 of the first steel material 110 and the surface 122 of the second steel material 120 as the rotation axis 171 and a monotonically changing curve as the generating line, and a conical bottom 151 that is continuous with the side surface 152. The first steel material 110 and the second steel material 120 are each an SN400 steel plate having a thickness of 22 mm, and a semi-cylindrical void 150a having a radius of 15 mm is machined on an end surface 111 of the first steel material 110, and a semi-cylindrical void 150b having a radius of 15 mm is machined on an end surface 121 of the second steel material 120. The semi-cylindrical void 150a and the semi-cylindrical void 150b are bottomed voids having conical bottoms 151a and 151b with an opening angle of 122° at the apex, and the deepest part of void 150a and void 150b is 17 mm deep. When the first steel material 110 and the second steel material 120 are arranged adjacent to each other with the end face 111 of the first steel material 110 and the end face 121 of the second steel material 120 facing each other, a cavity 150 is formed that straddles the end face 111 of the first steel material 110 and the end face 121 of the second steel material 120. The cavity 150 has a cylindrical side surface 152 with a diameter of 30 mm and a depth of 17 mm, and a bottom 151. The joining metal 140 is composed of a cylindrical joining metal body 141 made of SN400 steel and having a diameter of 29.5 mm, and a tip portion 147. The tip portion 147 has a conical tip surface 147a with an opening angle of 120° at the apex. In this embodiment, the side surface 142 of the joining metal 140 is not provided with any irregularities. As shown in FIG. 8a, the joining metal 140 is inserted into the cavity 150. Then, as shown in FIG. 8b, a rotation ω is applied around a rotation axis 171 while a pressing force F is applied to the joining metal 140, thereby generating friction on a rotational friction surface 162 between a tip end 147 of the joining metal 140 and a bottom 151 of the cavity 150. The rotation speed is 3000 rpm, and the pressing force F is 7000 N. Molten metal 180, which has been liquefied by frictional heat, is filled into a gap 161 between the side surface 142 of the joining metal 140 and the side surface 152 of the cavity 150 using the pressing force of the pressing force F and the rotational motion. The rotational motion is stopped when the molten metal 180 has filled the entire gap 161. As the temperature subsequently drops, the molten metal 180 solidifies and integrates with the structure in the vicinity of the gap 161, completing the joining. In this embodiment, the bottom 151 of the cavity and the tip 147 of the joining metal 140 are each formed in a conical shape, but they may each be formed in a flat surface shape.In this embodiment, the void 150 and the joining metal 140 are cylindrical and columnar, respectively. However, as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, they may have rotationally symmetric side surfaces 12, 63 with a monotonically varying curve as the generating line.

[0032] A fourth embodiment of the rotary pressing device 1 of the present invention is shown in Fig. 9, which illustrates its application to H-shaped steel beams 191, 192, which are often used in joining structures for steel architectural structures. That is, the H-shaped steel beams 191, 192 can be joined together by butting the end faces of the flange plates and web plates of the H-shaped steel beams 191, 192 together and arranging the joining metal 140 of the present invention in parallel. The joining method of the present invention can also be applied to closed cross-section steel materials such as square steel pipes and circular steel pipes.

[0033] FIG. 10 illustrates a column-to-column joint at a construction site for a steel structure 200, a fifth embodiment of the rotary pressing device 1 of the present invention applied to rotary friction welding. The figure shows one span from the foundation to the third floor. The steel structure 200 is a frame structure consisting of H-shaped steel columns 201 (first section 201a, second section 201b) and H-shaped steel beams 202 (second-floor beam 202a, third-floor beam 202b, fourth-floor beam 202c). Brackets 203 (second-floor bracket 203a, third-floor bracket 203b, fourth-floor bracket 203c) are welded to the column 201 at the beam 202 level for connecting the beams 202. After plumbing the column 201 into anchor bolts (not shown) in the foundation 210, erecting the beams 202, and re-plunging the beams, temporary assembly of the column-to-beam joint 204 and the column-to-column joint 205 using erection pieces (not shown) has been completed. FIG. 10 shows the actual joining of a column-column joint 205 using the rotary pressing device 1. More specifically, the column-column joint 205 is located approximately 1 m above the top of the beam 202. The flanges 206a, 206b and webs 207a, 207b at the top end of the first section 201a of the column 201 and the bottom end of the second section 201b of the column 201 are butt-jointed using a combination of metal-to-metal and rotary friction welding. The mounting mechanism 20 of the rotary pressing device 1 is installed facing the column-column joint 205, while the fluid pressure unit 36 ​​and pressure generation unit 43 are installed on the foundation 210 via a flexible fluid circulation unit 35 and pressure transmission unit 42. The reaction force retention mechanism 50 of the rotary pressing device 1 is detachably attached to the upper and lower beams (second-floor beam 202a and third-floor beam 202b) via a support frame 98, for example, by electromagnets 95. The worker W attaches the plug attaching / detaching fixing portion 20b of the attachment mechanism 20 to the shaft base end 148 of the joined metal 140, which is the plug 10, and inserts the shaft tip end 147 of the joined metal 140 into the void 150 machined in the flanges 206a, 206b or the webs 207a, 207b, and activates the rotary pressing device 1. When the joining of the joined metal 140 into the void 150 is complete, the worker W removes the plug attaching / detaching fixing portion 20b from the shaft base end 48 of the joined metal 140, moves the rotary pressing device 1 to the void 150 of the next joint, and repeats the process of attaching the next joined metal 140. The present invention allows for the application of common off-the-shelf parts. 10 is composed of an outgoing path 35a and an inward path 35b. The outgoing path 35a and the inward path 35b are tubular bodies such as rubber tubes, and are flexible, strong, durable, and lightweight. The pressure transmission unit 42 shown in Fig. 10 is made up of a hydraulic hose 42a. The hydraulic hose 42a generally has a long life and high fatigue resistance, and allows for compact hydraulic piping with a small bending radius. The fluid pressure unit 36 ​​shown in FIG. 10 is made up of a fluid pressure pump 36a, a fluid pressure control section 36b, and a fluid tank 36c. The pressing section 41 shown in Figure 10 is composed of an action section side hydraulic cylinder 41a. The action section side hydraulic cylinder 41a is used to amplify the force, and it allows for easy control of output and speed, and can also be remotely operated. The specifications of ready-made parts are approximately 3.5 MPa to 21 MPa and 30 to 160 mmφ, which is fully applicable to the present invention. The pressure generating unit 43 shown in Figure 10 is composed of a pneumatic / hydraulic combined cylinder 43c consisting of a generator-side hydraulic cylinder 43a and a pneumatic cylinder 43b directly connected to the generator-side hydraulic cylinder 43a. The pressure generated by the relatively large pneumatic cylinder 43b is received by the small generator-side hydraulic cylinder 43a and transmitted directly to the plug 10 via a hydraulic hose 42a. When an average pressing force of 60 MPa, which is a stable pressing pressure for rotary friction welding, is applied to a 20 mmφ plug 10, the diameter of the pneumatic cylinder 43b is 185 mmφ, and the diameter of the generator-side hydraulic cylinder 43a can be reduced to 28 mmφ. The pneumatic cylinder 43b available as a ready-made part has a pressure of 0.2 MPa to 0.7 MPa and an inner diameter of 30 to 300 mm, and is fully applicable to the present invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0034] We have provided a new connecting device that can be used in place of or in combination with welding or high-strength bolt friction connections for connecting steel members that make up steel structural frames such as columns and beams in steel architectural structures. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 1: Rotary pressing device 10: Plug 11: Plug body 12: Side surface of plug 17: Plug shaft tip 18: Base end of plug shaft 20: Mounting mechanism 20a: Shaft-shaped main body 20b: Plug detachable fixing part 20c: Rotation action part connection part 20d: Pressing action part sliding contact part 20da: horizontal bearing 20e: Flange part 30: Rotation mechanism 31: Rotation action part 33: Rotation generating section 34: Fluid pressure motor (power conversion mechanism) 34a: Housing 34b: Main gear 34c: Auxiliary gear 34d: Rotation axis 35:Fluid circulation part 35a: Outbound 35b:Return trip 36: Fluid pressure unit 36a: Flow pressure pump 36b: Fluid pressure control section 36c: Fluid tank 37: Rotation control unit 38: Power supply 40: Pressing mechanism 41: Pressing section 41a: Action side hydraulic cylinder (action side hydraulic cylinder) 42: Pressure transmission unit 42a: Hydraulic hose (hydraulic hose) 43: Pressure generating unit 43a: Generator side hydraulic cylinder (generator side hydraulic cylinder) 43b: Pneumatic cylinder (pneumatic cylinder) 43ba: Air cylinder chamber A (chamber on the generator side hydraulic cylinder side) 43bb: Air cylinder chamber B (chamber opposite the hydraulic cylinder on the generating side) 43c: Air / hydraulic combined cylinder (air / hydraulic combined cylinder) 44: Pressing control section 44a: Air compressor (gas compressor) 44b: Air supply valve 44ba: Air supply valve to chamber A of the air cylinder 44bb: Air supply valve to chamber B of air cylinder 44c: Exhaust valve 44ca: Exhaust valve from chamber A of air cylinder 44cb: Exhaust valve from chamber B of air cylinder 50: Reaction force retention mechanism 52: Rotation action part holder 52a: Rotation action part sliding contact part 52aa: Rotating bearing 52ab: Steel pipe 53: Pressing action part holder 53a: Pressing action part connection part 53aa: Round steel plate 53ab: opening 53b: Pressing reaction force holding part 60: Target 61: Vacant space 62: Bottom of the void 63: Side surface of the cavity 64: Gap 70: Contact part 71: Rotation axis 90: Base 95: Electromagnet 98: Holding frame 99: Structure 110: First steel material (steel material to be joined) 111: End face of the first steel material 112: Surface of the first steel material 113: Back side of the first steel material 120: Second steel material (steel material to be joined) 121: End face of second steel material 122: Second steel surface 123: Back side of the second steel material 130: Third steel material (steel material to be joined) 132: Third steel surface 133: Back of the third steel material 134: Upper splice plate 135: Flange plate 136: Lower splice plate 140: Joining metal 141: Bonded metal body 142: Side surface of joining metal 146: Tapered part at the tip of the joining metal 147: Tip of joined metal 147a: Tip surface of joining metal 148: Base end of joining metal 148a: Flange portion provided at the base end of the joining metal 150: Vacant space 150a: A semi-cylindrical cavity provided in the first steel material 150b: A semi-cylindrical cavity provided in the second steel member 150c: A cylindrical cavity provided in the first steel material 150d: Cylindrical cavity provided in the second steel material 151: Bottom of the void 151a: Bottom of the cavity provided in the first steel member 151b: Bottom of the cavity provided in the second steel member 152: Side surface of the cavity 155: Backing plate 160: Contact portion between the tip of the joining metal and the bottom of the cavity 161: Gap between the side surface of the joining metal and the side surface of the cavity 162: Rolling friction surface between the tip of the joining metal and the bottom of the cavity 162a: The rotational friction surface between the tip of the joining metal and the bottom of the cavity when joining is completed 171: Axis of rotation of a rotationally symmetric body 172: Joint unit 180: Molten metal 191: First H-beam 192: Second H-beam 200: Steel structure 201: Column (H-shaped steel) 201a:Section 1 201b:Section 2 202: Beam (H-shaped steel) 202a: 2nd floor beam 202b: 3rd floor beam 202c: 4th floor beam 203: Bracket 203a: 2nd floor bracket 203b: 3rd floor bracket 203c: 4th floor bracket 204: Column-beam joint 205: Column-column joint 206: (H-beam) flange 206a: Section 1 flange 206b: Section 2 flange 207: (H-beam) Web 207a: Section 1 Web 207b: Section 2 Web 210: Basics 300: Conventional friction welding equipment 310: Steel 315: One bearing 320: Steel 325: The other bearing 330: Motor 332: Belt 334: Clutch 336: Brake 340: Hydraulic cylinder 370: Contact part F: Pressing force ω: rotation p:Press f:Pressure l:Fluid o: oil (liquid) a: Air (gas) W: Worker

Claims

1. 1. A rotary pressing device that applies a rotation about a material axis of a plug having a shape of a rotationally symmetric body, while bringing a tip end of the material axis of the plug into contact with a contact portion of an object to apply a pressing force in the material axis direction of the plug, and controls the rotation and the pressing force independently and in a time-series manner, the rotary pressing device comprising: an attachment mechanism that attaches a base end of the material axis of the plug to the rotary pressing device; a rotation mechanism that applies the rotation to the plug via the attachment mechanism; a pressing mechanism that applies the pressing force to the plug via the attachment mechanism; and a reaction force holding mechanism that holds a reaction force due to the pressing force.

2. 2. The rotary pressing device according to claim 1, wherein the pressing mechanism is composed of a pressing action unit, a pressing transmission unit, a pressing generation unit, and a pressing control unit, and the pressing force generated by the pressing generation unit is transmitted to the pressing action unit via the pressing transmission unit and applied to the plug as the pressing force.

3. 3. The rotary pressing device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation mechanism is composed of a rotation action unit, a rotation generation unit, and a rotation control unit, and the rotation generated by the rotation generation unit is transmitted to the rotation action unit.

4. 4. The rotary pressing device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation control section is composed of a fluid pressure unit that circulates a fluid and a fluid circulation section that has an outward path and a return path for the fluid circulated by the fluid pressure unit.

5. 5. The rotary pressing device according to claim 4, wherein the fluid pressure unit comprises a fluid pressure pump powered by a power source, a fluid tank, and a fluid pressure control section.

6. 6. The rotary pressing device according to claim 4, wherein the fluid pressure unit is controlled by the fluid pressure control section.

7. 7. The rotary pressing device according to claim 4, wherein the fluid pressure unit is disposed at an arbitrary position away from the mounting mechanism, and the outward path and the return path of the fluid have flexibility.

8. 8. The rotary pressing device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation generating section is configured by a power conversion mechanism that is disposed midway through the fluid circulating section and converts circulatory motion into rotary motion.

9. 9. The rotary pressing device according to claim 8, wherein the power conversion mechanism is constituted by gears.

10. 10. The rotary pressing device according to claim 2, wherein the pressure generating section is disposed at an arbitrary position away from the mounting mechanism, and the pressure transmitting section is flexible.

11. 11. The rotary press device according to claim 1, wherein a rotationally symmetrical cavity having a side peripheral surface and a bottom into which the plug can be easily inserted in the material axis direction is machined in the target body, the rotary press device is attached to the base end of the material axis of the plug, the plug is inserted into the cavity, the plug is rotated about the material axis while a pressing force is applied to the contact portion between the tip end of the material axis of the plug and the bottom of the cavity to generate friction, the frictional heat generated by the friction is used to melt the material structure near the contact portion to produce molten metal, the liquefied molten metal is used to fill a gap between the side peripheral surface of the plug and the side peripheral surface of the cavity by using the pressing force generated at the tip end of the material axis of the plug and the rotational motion, and the rotational motion is then stopped to solidify the molten metal and integrate it with the structure near the gap, thereby rotary friction welding the plug and the target body.

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