Method of installing roofing material on roof of building

Abstract

To provide a method for constructing a roof material on a roof of a building, which prevents the occurrence of an unexpected case where the roof is damaged.SOLUTION: A first step of determining the number, shape, and plate thickness of clips or tight frames to be fixed to the sheathing or purlins located below the roofing material 110 based on various conditions for maintaining the mounting strength without being affected by strong wind, a second step of estimating the size of an overlapping region where air may enter a gap formed between the lower side of the roofing material and the underlaying material due to wind blowing against the eaves edge or the verge of the building, and a third step of obtaining a safety evaluation coefficient for taking measures to prevent damage to the roofing material due to strong wind blowing toward the eaves edge or the verge according to the size of the overlapping region; And a fourth process for increasing the plate thickness and the number by the safety evaluation coefficient determined in the third process on at least one of the number and the shape of the clip and the tight frame based on the value calculated in the first process and the plate thickness of the roof material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for applying a roofing material to the roof of a building, the roofing material having arabesque patterns or drip edges on some parts so that rain falls directly onto the upper surface. [Background technology]

[0002] Regarding the method of installing roofing materials on the roof of a building that have arabesque patterns or guttering on some parts so that rain falls directly onto the upper surface, a method is generally known in which the roofing materials are specified and calculated in advance so that they can withstand wind blowing toward the arabesque patterns or guttering when attached to the roof of a building without being affected by the installation state (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0003] [Non-Patent Document 1] Wind pressure calculation software (released as an electronic medium by the Japan Metal Roof Association Technical Committee in 2002) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In recent years, global warming has led to the frequent occurrence of massive typhoons and large low pressure systems, which have resulted in significantly greater wind pressure, speed, and volume blowing onto building roofs. Therefore, when constructing a building roof, these rapid weather changes must be taken into consideration, and the number and shape of the retaining clips and tight frames that are fastened to the sheathing and main building, as well as the thickness of each plate and the thickness and shape of the roofing material, must be determined at the design stage to be able to adequately withstand the increased wind pressure and volume.

[0005] In addition, in recent years, global warming has led to the occurrence of large typhoons and frequent arrival of large low pressure systems, which have resulted in significantly greater wind pressure and volume blowing onto building roofs than before. In response to this phenomenon, the corresponding design values ​​are calculated by taking into account only the increase in wind pressure, wind speed, and volume.

[0006] However, the design values ​​mentioned above are calculated based on static conditions, and if roofing materials are installed on the roof of a building based on these design values, the roof construction should be solid and the installation work should be carried out reliably so that the roofing materials will not break or fall off over a long period of time.

[0007] However, the inventor, who is involved in roof construction on-site, has witnessed many cases in recent years where roofs have been damaged, even though the roofs were constructed using the number and shape of retaining clips and tight frames, as well as the thickness of each plate, based on design values ​​calculated to ensure that the roofs could withstand the increases in wind pressure, wind speed, and wind volume that have accompanied the abnormal weather in recent years and could be used for a long period of time.

[0008] What troubled the inventor here was how roofs constructed using the number and shape of retaining clips and tight frames and the thickness of each plate, which were intended to improve the mounting strength as described above, were damaged. Specifically, he had actually seen many cases where parts of roofing materials that had arabesque patterns or guttering, which allowed rain to fall directly onto the upper surface, were bent and deformed like candy, and a large part of the insulation material sandwiched under the roofing materials was scattered with great force outside the roof.

[0009] Even if the number and shape of the retaining clips and tight frames, as well as the thickness of each plate, are determined after sufficient strength calculations are performed to securely attach the roofing material to the building roof, and the roofing material is then attached, once this type of roof damage occurs, it will require a great deal of money and man-hours to repair the roofing material.In addition, this will cause psychological anxiety to the residents and users of the building, as they will worry that such damage may occur again after the repairs are completed, which ultimately results in a huge loss for the roofing contractor.

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for installing roofing materials on the roof of a building that prevents the occurrence of sudden cases in which the roof is damaged, even though the roof has been installed using the number, shape, and plate thickness of retaining clips and tight frames based on design values ​​calculated to ensure that the roof can withstand the increases in wind pressure, wind speed, and wind volume that have accompanied the abnormal weather in recent years and can be used for a long period of time. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The method for applying the roofing material according to claim 1 of the present invention to the roof of a building includes the steps of: A method for installing a roofing material on a building roof that has arabesque patterns or guttering on one side so that rain falls directly onto the upper surface, the roofing material being made of metal and used for installation on an underlayment of the building, The first step involves determining the number and shape of retaining clips and tight frames to be fixed to the sheathing or purlin located below the roofing material and the thickness of each of them based on various conditions for maintaining the strength of the installation, including the negative pressure on the top surface of the roofing material that is exerted by strong winds so that the installation state is not affected by strong winds when the roofing material is installed on a building, and determining these values ​​by performing desk calculations in advance; A second step of estimating the size of an overlapping area where air may enter a gap formed between the underside of the roofing material and the underlayment due to wind blowing against the eaves or gables of the building after the roofing material is attached to the roof of the building; A third step of calculating a safety evaluation coefficient for improving the strength of a roofing material for strong wind protection, which effectively prevents damage to the roofing material when the roofing material is attached to the roof of a building due to strong winds blowing toward the eaves or roof ridges, according to the width of the overlapping area obtained in the second step; a fourth step of increasing the thickness and number of retaining clips and tight frames based on the values ​​calculated by desk calculation in the first step, and the thickness of the roofing material, in accordance with the strength improvement safety assessment coefficient for the strong wind roofing material calculated in the third step for at least one of these factors, so as to increase the mechanical strength and durability of the roofing material; The method is characterized in that, after the first to fourth steps, the construction work of placing the roofing material over the underlayment material is carried out.

[0012] Further, the method for applying the roofing material to the roof of a building according to claim 2 of the present invention is the method for applying the roofing material to the roof of a building according to claim 1, The roof material is made of a folded-plate roof material, and when the roof material is placed over the underlayment and attached, a gap is formed between the back side of the roof material on the eaves side of the building and the panel door attached to the eaves, connecting the overlapping area.

[0013] Further, a method for applying a roofing material to a roof of a building according to claim 3 of the present invention is the method for applying a roofing material to a roof of a building according to claim 1, The roofing material is characterized in that the overlapping portion of the back side of the roofing material and the underlayment material is connected to the outside of the building through a gap formed between the arabesque or flashing and the eaves.

[0014] Further, a method for applying a roofing material to a building roof according to claim 4 of the present invention is the method for applying a roofing material to a building roof according to claim 1, A slate material is interposed between the back side of the roofing material and the underlayment, and in addition to the gap formed in the overlapping area, a further gap space communicating with the gap is also formed between the back side of the roofing material and the underlayment.

[0015] Further, a method for applying a roofing material to a building roof according to claim 5 of the present invention is the method for applying a roofing material to a building roof according to claim 1, A heat insulating material is interposed between the back side of the roofing material and the underlayment material, and in addition to the gap formed in the overlapping region, a further gap space communicating with the gap is also formed between the back side of the roofing material and the heat insulating material. It is characterized by:

[0016] Further, a method for applying a roofing material to a building roof according to claim 6 of the present invention is the method for applying a roofing material to a building roof according to claim 1, The roof of the building is made of concrete, and the underlayment is a roofing covering that covers the upper surface of the concrete. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for installing roofing materials on the roofs of buildings that prevents the occurrence of sudden cases in which the roof is damaged, even though the roof is installed using the number, shape, and plate thickness of retaining clips and tight frames based on design values ​​calculated to ensure that the roof can withstand the increased wind pressure, wind speed, and wind volume that has accompanied the abnormal weather in recent years and can be used for a long period of time. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] This is an oblique view showing a folded-plate roofing material with a double structure that includes glass wool as an insulating material, and shows the state in which the glass wool is gradually removed. [Figure 2] The upper drawing is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which strong winds, indicated by the thick arrows in Figure 1, hit the folded-plate roofing material in a direction perpendicular to the door or the side wall surface of the building. [Figure 3] Following Figure 2, this is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which strong winds continue to hit the folded-plate roof material in a direction along the roof, i.e., in a direction perpendicular to the door or side wall surface of the building. [Figure 4]Following Figure 3, this is an explanatory diagram showing the process in which strong winds continue to hit the folded-plate roofing material in a direction along the roof, i.e., in a direction perpendicular to the side door and the side wall surface of the building, causing the folded-plate roofing material to bulge upward and become damaged, and the process in which the side door and glass wool are damaged as a result. [Figure 5] 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a strong wind is blowing against the eaves of a building, showing a roof material mounting structure similar to the structure of FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. [Figure 6] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which, from the state shown in Figure 5, strong winds continue to blow near the eaves, causing the entire roof material to begin to expand upward due to high-pressure air flowing into the gap space between the roof material and the underlayment. [Figure 7] This is an explanatory diagram showing a situation in which, from the state shown in Figure 5, strong winds continue to blow near the eaves, causing high-pressure air to continue to flow in between the roof material and the underlayment, causing the entire roof material to begin to bulge and deform upward, and as this air continues to flow in, the entire roof material is stretched, causing the roof material itself to deform all at once, and in the worst case scenario, the roof material itself may come off and fly away. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] Hereinafter, methods for applying roofing materials to building roofs according to the embodiments and modifications of the present invention will be described.

[0020] First, we will explain how to compile specific construction specifications for metal roofing materials based on the above-mentioned conventional design software. In the following explanation, we will explain the conditions necessary for calculating the basic numerical values ​​for strength calculations regarding the fixed spacing (purlin pitch) of metal roofing materials.

[0021] Specifically, the specific values ​​to be input into the design software to calculate the basic strength values ​​for the fixed spacing (purlin pitch) of metal roofing materials include: (1) building conditions: specifications, size, height, etc.; (2) geographical conditions: distance from the sea, cliff top, etc.; (3) roofing material conditions: roof; (4) applicable laws and regulations: Building Standards Act, Ministry of Construction Notification, etc.; (5) wind pressure; (6) design velocity pressure; (7) average wind speed; (8) peak wind force coefficient (general, perimeter, corners); and (9) negative peak external force coefficient. By inputting these conditions into the calculation software, construction appropriate for the region can be carried out. The specific strength calculation values ​​obtained through the above process are used as the first step in this invention.

[0022] Here, we will explain an example of how to determine the basic values ​​for strength calculations related to the fixed intervals (purlin pitch) of metal roofing materials currently performed in the above-mentioned process. When performing this strength calculation, specific values ​​that meet the following conditions and each stage-specific factor are specified. 1. Building conditions: specifications, size, height, etc. 2. Geographical conditions: from the sea, on cliffs, etc. 3. Roofing material requirements: Roof 4.Applicable laws and regulations: Building Standards Law, Ministry of Construction notification, etc. 5. Wind pressure 6. Design velocity pressure 7. Average wind speed 8. Peak wind force coefficient (general area, outer periphery, corners) 9. Negative peak external force coefficient Then, by inputting the specific numerical values ​​or factors corresponding to the above conditions into the conventional calculation software mentioned in the non-patent document mentioned above, construction conditions that match each project to be constructed are calculated, and roofing materials that are actually suitable for the area are constructed in accordance with these construction conditions.

[0023] Until now, this method has been successful in producing roofing materials that are strong and durable enough, but in recent years, as weather conditions have worsened due to the effects of global warming, strong winds have been brought about by large typhoons and large low pressure systems, causing parts of the roofing material to severely deform, peel off, or fly away, and unexpected damage accidents have been seen all over the country, such as glass wool, the insulating material underneath the roofing material, flying off and scattering outside the roof.

[0024] Therefore, the inventor decided to investigate the causes of this previously unthinkable phenomenon based on his own experience, knowledge, and know-how gained from many years of experience in roofing material installation. In this investigation, he decided to conduct a so-called thought experiment in his mind. The explanation is as follows.

[0025] Regarding the causes of the above-mentioned scattering of metal roofing materials from the past to the present, it is still generally believed that the following causes occur: Specifically, based on an investigation into typhoon damage in 2004 as a cause of metal roofing legacy, the following items were cited as the main factors causing the above-mentioned phenomenon. 1. Scattering due to "floating" caused by negative pressure 2. Scattering due to the "wind" phenomenon that is common on signs and other items caused by positive pressure 3. Thermal contraction caused by sunlight can cause metal fatigue in the fixing brackets. 4. Insufficient strength of fixing brackets In addition, the inventors have noticed that the "Wind Pressure Calculation Sheet" issued by the Japan Metal Roofing Association (general incorporated association) is used to calculate the fixing strength of metal roofing materials, and that the contents of the sheet are basically calculated using the negative pressure in item 1 above. In other words, the inventors have noticed that the reason for using the negative pressure calculation in item 1 above is that the negative pressure (tensile force) is weaker than the positive pressure (snow load, etc.).

[0026] The calculation method for the figures in the calculation sheet up to now has been as follows: (a) Enter the standard wind speed for the construction area (there are standard wind speeds for each area) (b) Setting of ground surface roughness classification - Determined by the construction site (urban planning area, distance from the coast) (c) Building and location conditions, building height, eaves height, etc. (d) Enclosed or open type of building Then, by inputting the values ​​(a) to (d) above into a calculation sheet (calculation software), the "peak wind force coefficient" was calculated, and the main house pitch was calculated.

[0027] The inventor then realized that the above-mentioned numerical calculation process had not taken into account the presence of sheathing, particularly in the coefficient of internal pressure in the building. He speculated that this may be why it had not been realized that the presence of sheathing could cause the pressure rise in the internal space to cause metal fatigue in fastening materials such as retaining clips, and lead to the roofing materials being blown away. In other words, he believed that the fact that the calculation did not take into account the pressure rise in the internal space due to blowing in could have led to the roofing materials being blown away.

[0028] For the time being, the first step, which is the scope of the process to be carried out based on the above explanation, will be specifically explained below. The prerequisites for carrying out each step required in the method of applying this roofing material to the roof of a building are as follows:

[0029] Specifically, in a method for installing roofing materials on the roof of a building that have arabesque patterns or guttering on some parts so that rain falls directly onto the upper surface, the roofing materials are made of metal roofing materials and are used for installation by covering the underlayment of the building.

[0030] The first step involves determining the number and shape of retaining clips and tight frames to be fastened to the sheathing or purlins underneath the roofing material, as well as the thickness of each plate, based on various conditions for maintaining the strength of the installation, including the negative pressure on the roofing material's top surface that is exerted by strong winds so that the installation state is not affected by strong winds when the roofing material is attached to the building. Specific examples of the calculation methods for these values ​​that have traditionally been used are as described above.

[0031] Next, we will explain the additional process that the inventor noticed and discovered in order to solve the problems described in the above-mentioned problem to be solved in one go, and which was solved by adding an additional process to the above-mentioned first process to the method of applying roofing materials to building roofs.

[0032] In other words, the inventor has made the second to fourth steps described below, in addition to the first step that has been conventionally performed as described above, essential components of the present invention when installing roofing materials.

[0033] First, determine whether the area corresponds to a location on the roof where a roofing material needs to be installed, and then perform the following steps if necessary. This determination is based on the condition that the area corresponds to a location where a roofing material needs to be installed, for example. An example of this condition is explained below.

[0034] As a first example of a condition, the roof material is made of a folded-plate roof material, and when this folded-plate roof material is placed over and attached to the underlayment, it includes an attachment portion where a gap is formed between the back side of this folded-plate roof material 110 on the eaves side of the building and the panel door attached to the eaves, connecting the overlapping area.

[0035] As a second example of a condition, the overlapping portion of the underlayment with a portion of the back surface of the roofing material includes an attachment portion that connects the gap to the outside of the building through a gap formed between the arabesque or flashing and the eaves.

[0036] Furthermore, as a third example of a condition, a slate material is interposed between the back side of the roofing material and the underlayment, and in addition to the gap formed in the overlapping area, an installation area is included in which a further gap space that communicates with the gap is formed between the back side of the roofing material and the underlayment.

[0037] Furthermore, as a fourth example of a condition, an installation area in which an insulating material such as glass wool is interposed between the back side of the folded-plate roofing material and the underlayment, and in addition to the gap formed in the overlapping area, a further gap space that communicates with the gap is formed between the back side of the folded-plate roofing material and the insulating material such as glass wool.

[0038] A fifth example condition is that the roof of the building is made of concrete, and the underlayment includes an attachment portion that is roofing covering the top surface of the concrete.

[0039] The second step will now be described. Note that the following explanation will be focused on the first and second condition examples described above, but the same applies to the roofing material attachment locations corresponding to the third and fourth condition examples described above.

[0040] The second step is to estimate the size of the overlap area where air can get into the gap formed between the underside of the roofing material and the underlayment due to wind blowing against the eaves and gables of the building after the roofing material is installed on the building roof.

[0041] Next, we will explain the third step. In this step, a safety assessment coefficient for improving the strength of roofing materials for strong wind protection is calculated based on the area of ​​the damaged area obtained in the second step, which is the effective measure to prevent damage to the roofing material when the roofing material is attached to the roof of a building due to strong winds blowing toward the eaves or roof tops.

[0042] Next, we will explain the fourth step. In this step, the thickness and number of retaining clips and tight frames are increased based on the values ​​calculated by desk calculation in the first step, and the number and shape of the roofing material and the thickness of the roofing material are increased so as to improve the mechanical strength and durability using the roofing material strength improvement safety assessment coefficient for strong winds calculated in the third step for at least one of these.

[0043] The present invention is characterized by the construction work of placing the roofing material over the underlayment through the first to fourth steps described above. The present invention is implemented through the first to fourth steps described above.

[0044] Specifically, the method involves fixing the roof material to the sheathing or main building using retaining clips or tight frames that have a number, shape, and thickness greater than those calculated in the first step described above, so that even if wind pressure greater than that assumed in the calculation process acts on the arabesque or gutter, the roof material will remain properly attached to the sheathing or main building.

[0045] Next, the unique effects of the present invention, which are constituted by the first to fourth steps described above, will be explained in the order of the drawings, which have been prepared in chronological order to facilitate understanding of the invention. For the sake of simplicity, the term "roofing material" is used in the explanations based on the drawings below, instead of "metal roofing material" as shown in the actual drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing folded-plate roofing materials 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, ... (10) with a double structure, interposing glass wool 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, ... (11) as an insulating material, and shows the state in which the glass wool 11 is gradually removed. The thick black arrow in the lower right of the figure indicates a strong wind blowing in a direction aligned with the top surface of the folded-plate roofing material 10, so as to hit the eaves door 12.

[0047] Adjacent folded-plate roofing materials 110 arranged in a row along the ridge overlap each other and are fixed to the purlin at predetermined intervals with fasteners such as multiple tight frames 13-1, 13-2, 13-3 (13). For convenience of explanation, the heat insulating material 11 made of glass wool 130 or the like interposed between the underside of the folded-plate roofing material 10 and the purlin is shown somewhat omitted from the eaves as you move to the right in the drawing.

[0048] Figure 2(a) is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which the strong wind indicated by the thick arrow in Figure 1 blows in a direction along the roof material 110, i.e., in a direction perpendicular to the shutter 140 and the side wall surface 90 of the building.

[0049] The thick black arrow 151 in the figure indicates a strong wind blowing in a direction aligned with the upper surface of the roof material 110 so as to hit the eaves door 140. The upper part of this arrow 151 indicates that the wind blows along the upper surface of the roof material 110 without encountering resistance. The arrow 151 in the middle of this arrow indicates that the wind is blowing directly at the eaves door 140 at a nearly perpendicular angle.

[0050] Furthermore, as shown by the thin arrow in the figure, in this state, the air flows through the small gap that has formed between the top of the shutter door 140 and the underside of the roofing material 110 and into the small space between the underside of the roofing material 110 and the top surface of the insulating glass wool 130. The part below this arrow 154 also shows the state in which the wind flow direction is forcibly changed from horizontal to vertical along the vertical wall of the building.

[0051] Figure 2(b) is an explanatory diagram showing a comparison of the air pressure near the panel door 140 in the state of Figure 2(a) with the air pressure of the wind flowing along the upper side of the roof material 110. The areas shown with small dots in this diagram represent the height or low of the air pressure caused by strong winds blowing into that area.

[0052] The areas with high density and dark colors overall indicate that strong winds are blowing and hitting obstacles that prevent the air from escaping, resulting in high air pressure in that area (see area R1 in Figure 2(b)).

[0053] Specifically, between the area where the strong wind is blowing and the panel door 140, the upper roof material 110 and the lower purlin protrude to the left (eaves side) of the front of the panel door 140. Air is continuously blowing into the space in this area, increasing the air pressure. In addition, air, as indicated by the thin arrow in the figure, is entering the gap 31 between the roof material 110 and the panel door 140, between the underside of the roof material 110 and the upper surface of the glass wool 130, and the pressure in this area is also beginning to rise.

[0054] 3(c) is an explanatory diagram showing the state after strong winds 151, 161 have continued to blow from the state shown in FIG. 2(b). This diagram shows that pressurized air is entering the gap between the upper surface of the panel door 140 and the roofing material 110 and the gap between the lower surface of the roofing material 110 and the glass wool 130.

[0055] More specifically, in this state, strong winds 151, 161 blow against the front of the panel door 140, further increasing the pressure in this area, and the strong wind 151 on the upper side changes direction from a straight line to a curved line rising to the right, flowing along the top of the roof material 110 to avoid this increased pressure area R2.

[0056] During this process of changing direction, the tip 111 of the roofing material 110 is at a certain angle, and air is blown against this tip 111. When this state occurs, the inventors believe that a kind of resistance is generated around the tip 111 of the roofing material 110 in this area, pushing this tip 111 further upward, causing the tip 111 itself to bend further upward.

[0057] Furthermore, in the presence of strong winds, the wind from above rises to the upper right and then moves slightly downward before flowing again along the top surface of the roofing material 110. Due to the principle of so-called streamline curvature, this type of air flow creates a significant difference in the pressure of the air in this area and the air below the tip 111 of the roofing material 110, and the inventors believe that this plays a secondary role in bending a certain range of the roofing material 110 from the tip 111 upward.

[0058] As air enters along the underside 110a of the roofing material 110 in this way, there is almost no escape route for the air in the gap space below the roofing material 110 in this figure, and this gap space below the roofing material 110 becomes a high-pressure air trap area, and as shown in the same figure, it can be seen from the drawing that the glass wool 130 is pushed downwards and the space S2 becomes larger.

[0059] 3(d) is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which strong winds 151, 154, 161, and 162 continue to blow from the state shown in FIG. 3(c). This figure shows a state in which a large amount of pressurized air enters the gap space S3 between the underside 110a of the folded-plate roofing material 110 and the glass wool 130, and the pressure in this gap space S3 increases, causing the roofing material 110 to deform and bulge upward due to this pressure.

[0060] In this figure, the inventor has discovered that as strong winds blow further, the high-pressure air that has accumulated on the left side of the drawing is pushed in by the continuing strong wind through the space S4 between the underside 110a of the roof material 110, the upper surface 130a of the glass wool 130, and the panel door 140, as well as the gap space S3 between the underside 110a of the roof material 110 and the upper side of the panel door 140, causing the entire underside of the roof material 110 to be continuously filled with high-pressure air, causing the roof material 110 itself in this area to bulge and deform, just like a balloon inflating.

[0061] More specifically, as stronger winds blow, the thickness and size of the roofing material 110 itself becomes increasingly deformed. Specifically, this drawing shows that, during the process described above, strong winds suddenly flow into the space between the underside of the roofing material 110 and the upper side of the glass wool 130, or between the glass wool 130 and the shutter door 140, causing the air pressure in these areas to rise suddenly, forcing the roofing material 110 to bulge upward and begin to deform.

[0062] 4(e) is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which strong winds 151, 154, 171, and 172 have continued to blow from the state shown in FIG. 3(d). This diagram shows that the pressure in the gap space between the roof material 110 and the glass wool 130 shown in FIG. 3(d) has further increased. This causes the roof material 110 to further bulge upward, and high-pressure air also enters between the shutter door 140 and the glass wool 130, causing the shutter door 140 to deform and begin to collapse.

[0063] More specifically, the inventors believe that further strong winds 151, 154, 171 will eventually cause the space between the underside 110a of the roof material 110 and the glass wool 130 or the shutter 140 to expand to an extent that was initially unexpected, and that the convection, circulation, and increased pressure of the air with no way to escape will cause the glass wool 130 to deform to the point where it will no longer retain its original shape.

[0064] In addition, in this figure, the inventors believe that when strong winds 151, 154, 171, and 172 blow, the gap space S4 between the underside of the roof material 110, the upper surface 130a of the glass wool 130, and the panel door 140 will be filled with high-pressure air, causing the entire roof material 110 to swell up like a balloon, and that this part of the roof material 110 itself will be bulged and deformed upward, just like a balloon, as shown by the white arrow in the figure.

[0065] Also, the drawing in Figure 4(f) shows a state in which the size of the opening to the outside of the building between the roofing material 110 and the glass wool 130 has become significantly larger due to the state shown in Figure 4(e).

[0066] From this diagram, the following can be understood: Strong winds 171, 172 rush into this gap space, increasing the pressure in the gap space, and the roof material 110, which has sufficient durability and strength against compressive stress caused by snow accumulation and the like but is vulnerable to tensile stress, has no way to escape. This causes the pressure and volume of air in gap space S5 to increase suddenly, causing the roof material 110 to deform significantly, and also causing part of the glass wool 130 to tear off and protrude outside the building along with the panel 140 (see separated glass wool 131 and glass wool 132).

[0067] The inventors believe that further strong winds 151, 154, 171, 172 will then blow in, eventually causing the space between the underside of the roof material 110 and the glass wool 130 or panel 140 to expand to an extent that was not initially anticipated, and that the convection and circulation of air with no escape route (see arrows 173, 174, 175, 176, 177 in the figure) and the resulting increase in pressure will cause the glass wool 130 to deform further, causing part 131 of the glass wool to tear off as shown by the open arrow pointing left and fly out from the top of panel 140 of roof material 110, and that panel 140 of roof material 110 itself will deform and become damaged as shown by the open arrow pointing downward to the left.

[0068] Next, we will provide a clear explanation, using drawings and text, of the situation in which the invention needs to be applied to a method of installing a roofing material 210, which is closely related to the present invention but has a different specific structure, on the roof of a building.

[0069] Figure 5(a) is an explanatory diagram showing an attachment structure of a roofing material 210 similar to the structure in Figures 1 to 4. In this figure, strong winds 251, 252, and 253 indicated by thick arrows are blowing against the eaves of the building.

[0070] More specifically, in this figure, it can be seen that a strong wind blows in a straight line into the space between the arabesque pattern 230 and the rafters 240, and that the strong winds 252, 253 that blow against the arabesque pattern 230 are blown slightly upward. It also shows that the strong wind 253 flows without resistance over the arabesque pattern 230 along the top surface of the roof material 210, reaches the roof shingle bar, then changes direction and flows upward.

[0071] Also, Figure 5(b) is an explanatory diagram comparing the air pressure near the eaves with the air pressure of the wind flowing along the upper side of the roof material 210 adjacent to the eaves in the state of Figure 5(a).

[0072] More specifically, in this figure, as in the drawings described above, the areas indicated by fine dots indicate the height of the air pressure when strong winds 251, 252, and 253 blow against the area around the eaves. The area Ra with thick dots indicates that the wind has nowhere to escape after strong wind 251 blows against that area, and the air pressure in that area is high.

[0073] Conversely, the area Rp with light dots is not particularly affected by the wind flow and indicates that the air pressure is not very high. In other words, in this figure, the arabesque 230, the rafters 240, and the roof 220 act as three obstacles, and when a strong wind blows into the area bounded by these, the air pressure in this area increases.

[0074] Furthermore, Figure 6(c) shows a state in which strong winds 251, 253, and 261 blow further into the vicinity of the eaves than in the state shown in Figure 5(b), and the strong wind 251 blows into the air pocket area Rb that is formed locally between the arabesque part 230 for fitting the eaves and the underside of the sheathing 220 and the rafters 240.

[0075] As a result, the escape route for the air blown into this area Rb is extremely limited, and the pressure of the air in this area Rb increases rapidly accordingly.The thin arrows show the process by which this rapidly pressurized air passes through the small gap between the rafter 240 and the end 221 of the sheathing 220 (the end face on the right side in the figure) and enters the small gap between the roof material 210 and the underlayment material 225.

[0076] Furthermore, Figure 6(d) shows a state in which a strong wind 251 continues to blow into the air pocket area Rc that was formed locally between the arabesque part 230 for fitting the eaves and the underside of the subfloor 220 and the rafters 240 from the state shown in Figure 6(c).

[0077] In this diagram, the escape route for the air blown into this region Rc is extremely limited, and the pressure of the air in this region Rc increases rapidly accordingly.

[0078] This suddenly pressurized air passes through the small gap between the rafter 240 and the end 221 of the sheathing 220 (the end face on the right side in the figure), and the air with higher pressure than in the state of Figure 6(a) flows into the small gap between the roof material 210 and the underlayment material 225.

[0079] As a result, the gap space between the roofing material 210 and the underlayment material 225 expands due to the high-pressure air that has flowed in, causing the entire roofing material 210 in this area to bulge in the direction of the white arrow.

[0080] More specifically, in this figure, as a stronger wind blows from the state shown in Figure 6(c), more air enters between the arabesque 230 and the end 221 of the sheathing 220 (see thin arrow), and the pressure of the air that has accumulated in the space created between the roof material 210 and the underlayment 225 passes through a small gap of air between the underlayment 225 and the arabesque 230, gradually increasing, causing the entire roof material 210 to bulge upward (see the change from Figure 6(c) to Figure 6(d)).

[0081] Figure 7(e) shows a state in which strong wind 251 continues to blow into air pocket area Rd, which was formed locally between the arabesque pattern 230 for fitting the eaves and the underside of the roofing 220 and the rafters 240 from the state shown in Figure 6(d). Specifically, the escape route for the air blowing into this area Rd is extremely limited, and the air pressure in this area Rd increases even more rapidly.

[0082] Then, this suddenly pressurized air passes through the small gap between the rafter 240 and the end 221 (the end face on the right side in the drawing) of the sheathing 220 and flows further into the gap space between the arabesque 230 and the underlayment 225. As a result, the gap space between the roof material 210 and the underlayment 225 expands further due to the high-pressure air that has flowed in here, and it can be seen that the entire roof material 210 in this portion bulges further in the direction of the white arrow.

[0083] More specifically, in this figure, as a strong wind 251 blows further from the state shown in Figure 6(d), air penetrates further between the arabesque 230 and the end 221 of the sheathing 220, and the air becomes thicker than the thin arrow in Figure 6(d) and fills the gap between them (see arrow), causing the pressure of the air accumulated in the region Rd formed between the roofing material 210 and the underlayment 225 or sheathing 220 to increase considerably, causing the entire roofing material 210 to bulge upward to the limit of its deformability due to the tensile stress applied to it.

[0084] This figure also shows that the nails 241 that firmly secure the arabesque 230 to the sheathing 220 and rafters 240 are beginning to come out slightly from the sheathing 220 and rafters 240 into which they were originally driven, as they are being pushed up along with the arabesque 230 by the pressure of the air that has entered between the roofing material 210 and the underlayment 225 or sheathing 220.

[0085] 7(f) shows a state in which strong wind 251 continues to blow into the air pocket Re that has formed locally between the arabesque 230 for fitting the eaves and the underside of the roofing and rafters 240 from the state shown in FIG. 7(f). In this state, the entire roofing material 210 bulges further upward (toward the arrows pointing upward in the figure) and deforms. This causes the roofing material 210 itself to deform significantly, and in the worst case scenario, it may break off and fly away. The reasons for this are as follows.

[0086] The thickness of the entire roofing material 210, i.e., the metal sheet material that makes up the metal roofing material, is generally about 0.4 mm to 1 mm. In comparison to this thickness, for example, the individual folded-plate roofing materials 110, the long, flat metal that covers the entire upper surface of the slate roofing material laid on the roof, and the tile bars that connect the metal roofing materials together are generally 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm. For example, the size of the metal roofing material 210 that is laid on top of the slate roofing material during slate roofing material renovation work is much larger than this thickness.

[0087] Specifically, compared to the aforementioned unit of thickness, "millimeter (mm)," the width of a typical long metal roofing material is several tens of centimeters (cm), i.e., the unit of width is "centimeters (cm)," and the length (longitudinal) of a metal roofing material is several meters (m) to several tens of meters (m), i.e., the unit of length is "meters (m)." This is how the specific size of the metal roofing material is usually recognized.

[0088] More specifically, this figure shows that as a strong wind blows from the state shown in Figure 7(e), more air enters between the arabesque 230 and the end 221 of the sheathing 220, and the pressure of the air accumulated in the space created between the roofing material 210 and the underlayment 225 or sheathing 220 causes the entire roofing material 210 to bulge further upward beyond the limit of its deformability due to the tensile stress applied to it, and also shows that part of it exceeds the yield point of the tensile stress and breaks.

[0089] In other words, the roofing material 210 is in a state of irreversible damage. This figure also shows that the nails 241 that firmly fasten the arabesque pattern 230 to the sheathing 220 and rafters 240 have begun to come loose from the sheathing 220 and rafters 240 that were originally driven in, as shown in Figure 7(e), due to the air pressure that has entered between the roofing material 210 and the underlayment 225 or sheathing 220 pushing up the arabesque pattern 230.

[0090] From this figure, it can be seen that the degree of deformation also includes the tile bars 290 (not specifically shown). As the degree of deformation of the roofing material 210 progresses from this state, the degree of engagement of the roofing material 210 with the tile bars at the engaging portion will decrease considerably, and it can be easily predicted that there is a risk that the entire roofing material 210 will be blown away from the sheathing 220 and underlayment 225 due to air being blown in from the engaging portion between the arabesque pattern 230 and the end 221 of the sheathing 220.

[0091] In other words, in special circumstances where the above-mentioned dimensional relationship between thickness and size must generally be established due to the ease of installation of such metal roofing material 210 and the need to maintain weather resistance, heat resistance, and durability over a long period of time on the roofing material 210, significant deformation of the metal roofing material 210 is likely to occur due to the following principle.

[0092] Specifically, from a mechanical engineering perspective, it is a given that the metal roofing material 210, i.e., the metal plate itself, with these dimensions is strong against compressive stress in the thickness direction but weak against tensile stress in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction. For this reason, when the metal roofing material 210 is stretched overall due to the expansion deformation caused by the pressurized air as described above, the roofing material 210 itself deforms significantly far beyond its yield point against the tensile force, and in the worst case scenario, the roofing material 210 itself may come off and fly away.

[0093] 7(f) shows that the phenomenon described above occurs. Specifically, the roofing material 210 bulges upward significantly as it deforms overall. This can be seen from the fact that the roofing material itself is deformed significantly in the direction indicated by the umbrella-shaped arrow with a margin on the upper surface of the roofing material 210.

[0094] As a result of this bulging deformation of the roofing material 210, the engaging portion 210e of the roofing material 210 with the arabesque pattern 230, shown on the right side of Figure 7(f), also deforms, and it can be seen that it is no longer possible for the roofing material 210 to firmly engage with the arabesque pattern 230. From this state, it can be understood that a strong wind can get inside the engaging portion 210e (the lower side in the figure), which is bent so much that it can no longer perform its role of engagement, and this can trigger the phenomenon of the entire roofing material 210 being blown off the roof.

[0095] Based on the explanation of the drawings above, we have explained the process discovered by the present inventors, which involves the swelling and deformation of corrugated roofing materials with panel doors and roofing materials engaged in arabesque patterns (hereinafter simply referred to as "long roofing materials") due to strong winds, and the resulting detachment and scattering of the roofing materials themselves.However, we would like to add something even more important below.

[0096] Specifically, if a single long roofing material like the one described above is blown upward by strong winds, causing it to bulge and deform, or become dislodged, or in the worst case scenario, be blown away, this can have a direct negative impact on the adjacent roofing materials that are placed next to this long roofing material on the roof.

[0097] In other words, when a strong wind causes a sudden rise in pressure in the gaps in a single long piece of roofing material, the material of that roofing material undergoes a rapid and dynamic deformation process, which naturally transmits the impact force to the adjacent roofing material connected to that roofing material. As a result, the deformation of the adjacent roofing material itself spreads, rapidly widening the gap between that roofing material and the door, arabesque, or underlayment, and some of the strong wind flows into this gap, causing a sudden increase in pressure in that space. It is easy to understand that this causes deformation of adjacent roofing materials to occur at roughly the same time.

[0098] In this way, the above-mentioned adverse effects occur in turn for each adjacent roofing material, and not only will, for example, the long roofing material on the arabesque side of the roof bulge and deform or fly off, but multiple roofing materials adjacent to this roofing material may bulge and deform in turn, and in some cases, multiple roofing materials may fly off from the roof.

[0099] In other words, based on the explanation of the drawings as described above, it can be understood from these drawings and the written explanation that the damage would not be limited to a small part of the roofing material covering the roof, but would affect a fairly wide area made up of multiple roofing materials, leading to swelling and deformation of the roofing material and the scattering of some of the roofing material, in other words, causing widespread damage to the entire roofing material.

[0100] The present inventor will now explain the reason why he came up with the idea for this invention. The problem awareness that led to this idea is as follows.

[0101] When an investigation was conducted on the damaged site of a certain factory roof in OO city, Osaka prefecture on October 25th of this year, the state of the damage at the site and the photos of the damage showed that the 0.8 mm corrugated sheets of the metal roofing material 210 were bent like candy and scattered all over the place. This was the first time that the inventor, who has been involved in the roof and exterior wall finishing work for buildings for over 40 years, had seen such an incident at the site.

[0102] The factory roof in question was confirmed to have sustained the same damage as this time on roofing material 210 (upper chord) on the south side (the opposite side of the roof from this time) due to Typhoon No. 21 on September 4, 2018. These roofing materials 210 had a double folded plate structure with a lower chord thickness of 0.6 mm and an upper chord thickness of 0.8 mm, with glass wool laid in the middle layer.

[0103] It was confirmed that the roofing material 210 had scattered from the eaves side and had a bent part in the middle. It was thought that the roofing material 210 with the bent part had risen up from the eaves side and returned to its original position.

[0104] The insulation fittings were thought to have failed due to insufficient strength or deterioration and wear, as the fixing points to the lower chord were made of resin, but it was confirmed that several pieces remained fixed to the lower chord. The damage this time was reported as being caused by Typhoon No. 7 on August 15, 2023, but there was almost no wind damage found in the buildings surrounding the factory, and the Japan Meteorological Agency announced that the maximum instantaneous wind speed at the time was 21.6 m / sec, with the wind direction being northeasterly.

[0105] Wondering whether the sturdy roofing material 210 would fly away under the above circumstances, I looked up past examples of roof damage caused by strong winds on the internet and in related books, and found investigation reports on roof damage to many buildings from the typhoon damage in 2004 (Heisei 16).These expert investigation reports and experiment reports showed that "experiments were conducted to determine that the cause of the flying away of roofing material 210 was metal fatigue in the fixing clips of the upper chord due to insufficient strength of the fixing members and thermal expansion and contraction," and the Japan Metal Roofing Association, a general incorporated association, also warned about thermal expansion and contraction.

[0106] On the other hand, the inventor, who has been involved in the field work of metal roofing materials for many years, thought that folded-plate roofing materials are made up of connections between each component, such as the tight frame that fixes the structural beams, the retaining clips that fix the roofing material, and the insulating metal fittings that connect the upper chords, and that these connection components can withstand and absorb some deformation. Therefore, he wondered whether it was unlikely that the fixing strength would be significantly reduced due to deviations such as thermal expansion and contraction or changes over time, and came to the conclusion that there must be some other cause for the scattering.

[0107] Next, a specific description will be given of the experiments that the inventors actually conducted before conceiving the present invention based on the following problem awareness.

[0108] The objectives of the experiment are as follows: "We will confirm the deformation of the upper chord caused by the increase in pressure in the intermediate air layer due to wind blowing from the eaves side of the double folded-plate roof." The experiment contents are as follows.

[0109] Based on the above awareness, the inventor hypothesized that there might be other causes for scattering, and decided to conduct this wind tunnel experiment at our Ayase office. Details of the experiment, including the content and method, are as follows. This wind tunnel experiment was conducted as follows, with reference to the document "Wind Forces Acting on Roof Tiles in Natural Wind" published by the Building Research Institute of Japan. Experiment details The test specimen had dimensions L = 3300 x W = 1000 (2 peaks) and was fixed near both ends with two rows of tight frames. In addition, the test specimen and the fan were placed horizontally to eliminate the wind force (positive pressure and negative pressure) acting on the roofing material 210 due to the air blowing. The air outlet is cylindrical and narrow with a diameter of 100mm, so air is directed to the high part on the right side. For eaves doors exposed to wind, manufacturer's products are used, and no sealing is performed on the joints with the roof material 210. · The W dimension of the roofing material 210 is W=1000 and the test specimen is two ridges (500x500), so the air outlet blows air with the center position at the seam of the right ridge. - Check the difference in deformation when glass wool is laid in the interior space "with" and "without." -Check for any other changes in each product.

[0110] (1) Experiment 1 The intermediate layer of the test specimen shall be a type of ventilation that does not contain glass wool. The air was blown at a speed of about 60 m / sec for about 10 minutes to check for any changes in the upper chord. As a result, it was confirmed that the air caused the product to expand overall. The swelling spread from the center to the entire area, but did not result in scattering. The main factors that prevented the debris from scattering were thought to be the size of the interior space and the flexibility that is characteristic of the metal roof, which allowed the debris to remain within the acceptable range. Additionally, no abnormalities were found in the roofing material 210 (joint portion), retaining clips, insulating metal fittings, etc.

[0111] (2) Experiment 2 As in Experiment 1, air was blown without adding glass wool to the middle layer. A few minutes after starting, we blew air at a speed of about 100 m / sec for about 5 minutes to check the changes in the upper chord. As a result, as in Experiment 1, a bulge of about 10 mm was confirmed in the upper chord, but it did not result in scattering.

[0112] (3) Observations of the inventors who conducted Experiments 1 and 2 Deformation of the upper chord was confirmed by blowing air into the joint between the right-side mountain part of the corrugated plate (red circle) and the eaves door. When the airflow rate exceeded 60 m / sec, the upper chord folded plate began to rise significantly after about 5 minutes. In Experiments 1 and 2, the number of fixing screws on the eaves door was changed, but in both cases, bulging of the upper chord was confirmed. In a situation where it appears that the rise in internal pressure was absorbed by the entire roof, it is thought that the deformation of the upper chord and the gable end (eaves) was supported by four retaining clips. Therefore, it is believed that the relationship between the volume of the internal space and the amount of injection, the fixing strength of the folded plate, and the inherent flexibility of the folded plate had a major impact on preventing scattering (detachment of the fitting).

[0113] (4) Experiment 3 Regarding Experiment 3, it was confirmed from the results of Experiments 1 and 2 that the size (volume) of the internal space has a large effect. Therefore, the inventors added a new experiment, Experiment 3. In this experiment, glass wool was laid in the internal space in the same way as in general construction. It is believed that by laying glass wool over the interior, the volume of the interior space could be reduced. In particular, by taking into consideration the intrusion of rainwater, a small space has been created on the eaves side. In addition, by fixing the eaves door with screws at the bottom of the door, the movement of the tip of the roof material is not restricted. One minute and 30 seconds after the air flow started, the roof material on the eaves side began to lift up, and about 20 seconds later the ``upper seam'' at the fitting came off. About one minute after the start of the airflow, the wind speed reached 100 m / sec, and the bottom of the roofing material began to lift up. Within a few seconds, the top of the roof seam also rose up, and the "top seam" was pushed about 1 m above the water. As soon as the "upper seam" came off, the air and glass wool that had accumulated inside blew out from the eaves next to the ventilation section. As a result, it is believed that the interior space narrowed due to the glass wool being laid, and the pressure in the space rose in a short period of time, causing the upper chord to lift up, causing the upper seam to come off. There was no significant deformation or damage to the area where the upper seam came off, or to the roofing material, insulation fittings, or retaining clips.

[0114] (5) Observations of the inventor who conducted Experiment 3 The wind blowing in through a small gap in the eaves door increases the pressure in the interior space, causing the upper chord to lift up. Due to the relationship between the increase in pressure in the interior space and the fixing strength holding down the upper chord, the bottom of the upper chord lifts up and the "upper seam" comes off. If one part comes off, it is likely that the other parts will float up and scatter. The inventors considered that the increase in internal pressure must be related to the volume of the internal space, the gap in the blowing section, the blowing angle, the blowing time, the wind speed, etc.

[0115] As can be seen from an experiment conducted by the inventor to support the above-mentioned self-proclaimed occurrence, wind was blown into a double folded roof panel that was closed on three sides except for the eaves from the eaves side. When glass wool was inserted as an insulating material, the volume of the internal space became smaller, and the internal pressure increased, causing the entire roof material to bulge upward, resulting in a deformation phenomenon in which the internal air escaped to the outside along with the glass wool.

[0116] When we consider an actual building, we came to the conclusion that wind hitting the building wall would penetrate from inside the eaves flashing to inside the base material, causing the internal pressure to rise, causing the entire roof material to bulge upwards, and then this part of the roof material would fly off. We also found that it is easy to imagine that roofing materials such as tile roofing and flat roofing materials would fly off due to the pressure buildup in the internal space.

[0117] As explained above, the inventors have discovered a new cause for the recent frequent occurrence of metal roofing material flying away, and have come up with the idea for the method of installing roofing materials on building roofs according to the present invention. In conceiving this idea, they conducted wind tunnel experiments to provide actual evidence, and found that the cause of the above-mentioned metal roofing material flying away is "an increase in pressure in the internal space." They have also confirmed that the newly discovered increase in pressure in the "internal space" has a significant impact on the installation of the roofing material and on maintaining the condition of the roofing material over the long term after installation.

[0118] In other words, the cause of the recent occurrence of metal roofing materials flying off is still not reflected in the numerical values ​​of strength calculations, and it is believed that this is a major problem.The inventor has therefore decided to present in this invention the cause of this problem and specific measures to solve it.

[0119] In particular, in the case of the "covering method" renovation work, which creates a double structure, it is thought that there will be many accidents in which metal roofing materials fly off, but we have come to believe that this invention can prevent such accidents from occurring. [Explanation of symbols]

[0120] 10. Folded roofing material 11 Glass wool (insulation material) 12 Mento 13 Tight Frame 31 Gap 90 Side wall 110 Folded plate roofing material 110 Roofing materials 110a Bottom side 111 Tip 130 Glass wool 130a top surface 131 Glass wool (part of) 140 Mendo 151,154,161,162 Strong winds 171,172,173,174,175,176,177 Strong winds 210 (Metal) Roofing Materials 220 Noji 221 End 225 Underlayment 230 Arabesque 240 Rafters 241 Nail 251,252,253,261 Strong winds 290 Tile Bar R1 area R2 pressure region S2, S3, S4, S4, S5 (gap) space

Claims

1. A method for installing a roofing material on a building roof that has arabesque patterns or guttering on one side so that rain falls directly onto the upper surface, the roofing material being made of metal and used for installation on top of the underlayment of the building, The first step involves determining the number, shape, and thickness of retaining clips and tight frames to be fixed to the sheathing or purlin located below the roofing material based on various conditions for maintaining the strength of the installation, including the negative pressure on the roofing material surface caused by strong winds, so that the installation state is not affected by strong winds when the roofing material is installed on a building, and then calculating these values ​​in advance by performing desk calculations to identify them; A second step of estimating the size of an overlapping area where air may enter a gap formed between the underside of the roofing material and the underlayment due to wind blowing against the eaves or gables of the building after the roofing material is attached to the roof of the building; A third step of calculating a safety evaluation coefficient for improving the strength of the roofing material for strong wind protection, which effectively prevents damage to the roofing material when the roofing material is attached to the roof of a building due to strong winds blowing toward the eaves or roof ridges, according to the width of the overlapping area obtained in the second step; a fourth step of increasing the thickness and number of retaining clips and tight frames based on the values ​​calculated by desk calculation in the first step, and the thickness of the roofing material, in accordance with the strength improvement safety assessment coefficient for the strong wind roofing material calculated in the third step for at least one of these factors, so as to increase the mechanical strength and durability of the roofing material; A method for installing a roofing material on a building roof, comprising the steps of: performing the first to fourth steps; and then performing an installation work of placing the roofing material over the underlayment material.

2. The method for installing roofing materials on the roof of a building as described in claim 1, characterized in that the roofing material is made of folded plate roofing material, and when the roofing material is placed over the underlayment and installed, a gap is formed between the back side of the roofing material on the eaves side of the building and the panel door attached to the eaves, connecting the overlapping area.

3. A method for installing roofing materials on the roof of a building as described in claim 1, characterized in that the overlapping portion of the back surface of the roofing material and the underlayment material is configured to connect the gap to the outside of the building through a gap formed between the arabesque or flashing and the eaves.

4. A method for installing roofing materials on the roof of a building as described in claim 1, characterized in that a slate material is interposed between the back side of the roofing material and the underlayment, and in addition to the gap formed in the overlapping area, a further gap space communicating with the gap is formed between the back side of the roofing material and the underlayment.

5. A heat insulating material is interposed between the back side of the roofing material and the underlayment material, and in addition to the gap formed in the overlapping region, a further gap space communicating with the gap is also formed between the back side of the roofing material and the heat insulating material. A method for applying the roofing material according to claim 1 to the roof of a building.

6. 2. The method for applying a roofing material to a building roof according to claim 1, wherein the roof portion of the building is made of concrete, and the underlayment material is a roofing covering that covers the upper surface of the concrete.

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