Integrated battery pack and electric vehicle

Abstract

To provide an integrated battery pack capable of separating high-temperature gas and other substances discharged at the time of pressure relief of a unit cell from a top part of a case, and reducing thermal influence of the high-temperature substances on an occupant cabin.SOLUTION: The integrated battery pack includes a housing having an accommodating cavity 110, a battery module 2 arranged in the accommodating cavity 110, and a liquid cooling plate 3 arranged below the battery module 2, a pressure relief valve is formed at a bottom of the battery module 2, a side surface of the battery module 2 having the pressure relief valve abuts against the liquid cooling plate, a pressure relief passage is formed in the liquid cooling plate, and a pressure relief hole 30 in communication with the pressure relief passage and facing the pressure relief valve is formed in a side surface of the liquid cooling plate facing the battery module 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of battery manufacturing, for example, to integrated battery packs and electric vehicles. [Background technology]

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and the continuous improvement of technology, the industry is placing greater demands on vehicle weight reduction, safety, and manufacturing costs. Therefore, Cell To Body (CTB) technology has emerged in response to the times, meeting the market demand for integrated vehicle design, reducing the number of parts and lowering vehicle manufacturing costs.

[0003] In the CTB electric vehicle of the related art, the chassis of the vehicle and the case of the battery pack are integrated into one body, which greatly simplifies the structure of the vehicle.

[0004] Because the top of the battery pack case forms the bottom of the vehicle's passenger cabin, if a battery module in the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature material discharged from the pressure relief valve will spread to the bottom of the passenger cabin, directly affecting the passenger cabin thermally and making it impossible to ensure the thermal safety of the passenger cabin. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The integrated battery pack according to the present application comprises a case with a storage chamber therein, a battery module disposed within the storage chamber, and a liquid-cooled plate disposed below the battery module, the battery module having a pressure relief valve formed at its bottom and one side having the pressure relief valve abutting the liquid-cooled plate, the liquid-cooled plate having a pressure relief passage formed therein and a pressure relief hole connected to the pressure relief passage and facing the pressure relief valve on its one side facing the battery module.

[0006] The present application further provides an electric vehicle comprising a vehicle body, a seat, and an integrated battery pack mounted on the vehicle body and with the seat attached to the top of its case.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The pressure relief valve is located at the bottom of the battery module, allowing high-temperature gases and other materials released when a cell is released to escape from the top of the case, reducing the thermal impact of the high-temperature materials on the passenger cabin. Furthermore, a pressure relief passage for transporting the high-temperature materials is located in the liquid-cooled plate, allowing the high-temperature gases released when the cell is released to quickly cool as they move through the pressure relief passage. This lowers the temperature inside the entire case, effectively reducing the thermal impact of the case on the passenger cabin and improving the thermal safety of the passenger cabin. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is an exploded view of an integrated battery pack according to some implementations of the present application. [Figure 2] 1 is a plan view of an integrated battery pack according to some implementations of the present application; [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery module and a liquid cooling plate according to some implementations of the present application. [Figure 4] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery module according to some implementations of the present application. [Figure 5] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an integrated battery pack according to some implementations of the present application; [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle structure according to some implementations of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, the technical solution of the present application will be described through specific embodiments with reference to the drawings.

[0010] As shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 6, the integrated battery pack according to the present application includes a case 1, a battery module 2, and a liquid-cooled plate 3. The case 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, with its length direction corresponding to the X direction, its width direction corresponding to the Y direction, and its height direction corresponding to the Z direction. The case 1 has a hollow structure and contains a housing chamber 110. The battery module 2 and the liquid-cooled plate 3 are both mounted within the housing chamber 110, with the liquid-cooled plate 3 located below the battery module 2. For example, the liquid-cooled plate 3 is located at the bottom of the case 1, i.e., at the bottom of the housing chamber 110. The battery module 2 includes a plurality of cells 21, each of which has two poles 23, a positive pole and a negative pole, at one end. A pressure relief valve 22 is provided at one end of each cell 21 away from the electrode posts 23. In the event of thermal runaway in the battery module 2, the pressure relief valve 22 opens to release high-temperature gas and other substances (e.g., electrolyte) from the cell 21. The orientation in this embodiment is based on the case where the integrated battery pack is installed in an electric vehicle. That is, the pressure relief valve 22 is located at the bottom of the battery module 2, and the electrode posts 23 are located at the top of the battery module 2. The battery module 2 is attached to a liquid-cooled plate 3, and one side of the liquid-cooled plate 3 (i.e., the bottom of the battery module 2) having the pressure relief valve 22 abuts against the liquid-cooled plate 3, allowing the liquid-cooled plate 3 to exchange heat with the battery module 2 and cool the battery module 2. A pressure relief passage 33 is formed within the liquid-cooled plate 3, and a pressure relief hole 30 communicating with the pressure relief passage 33 is formed on the side of the liquid-cooled plate 3 facing the battery module 2. The number and positions of the pressure relief holes 30 are set in one-to-one correspondence with the number and positions of the pressure relief valves 22 in the battery module 2. The pressure relief holes 30 are directed toward the corresponding pressure relief valves 22. When the battery module 2 experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature gases and other substances pass through the pressure relief valves 22 and pressure relief holes 30 in sequence, are released into the pressure relief passage 33, and are finally transported along the pressure relief passage 33 to the outside of the case 1.

[0011] It can be seen that the integrated battery pack is mounted on the body of the electric vehicle to achieve an integrated design between the vehicle chassis and the integrated battery pack, and the top of the case 1 forms the bottom of the passenger cabin. The pressure relief valve 22 is located at the bottom of the battery module 2, allowing high-temperature gas and other materials released during pressure relief of the cells 21 to escape from the top of the case 1, reducing the thermal impact of the high-temperature materials on the passenger cabin. Furthermore, the liquid-cooled plate 3 is provided with a pressure relief passage 33 configured to transport high-temperature materials, allowing the high-temperature gas released during pressure relief to quickly cool down as it moves within the pressure relief passage 33, thereby lowering the temperature inside the entire case 1 and effectively reducing the thermal impact of the case 1 on the passenger cabin.

[0012] The case 1 includes a case bottom 11 and a case lid 12. The case bottom 11 includes a bottom plate 111, four side plates 112, and side beams 113. The bottom plate 111 is a rectangular flat plate, and the four side plates 112 are surrounded by the bottom plate 111, with a storage chamber 110 enclosed between the bottom plate 111 and the four side plates 112. Two of the side plates 112 facing each other in the Y direction are "L" shaped, i.e., the side plates 112 include vertically arranged vertical plates and horizontal plates, with the free ends of the horizontal plates extending in a direction away from the storage chamber 110. There are multiple side beams 113, and the multiple side beams 113 are spaced apart from each other on the "L"-shaped side plates 112, i.e., they are simultaneously connected to and fixed to the vertical plates and horizontal plates. The side beams 113 are made by a rolling process and are used to strengthen the structural strength of the case 1 and prevent deformation of the case 1 when it is hit from the side. The case lid 12 is fitted over the top of the case bottom 11, forming a receiving chamber 110 between the case lid 12 and the case bottom 11. A mounting bracket 13 is provided on one side of the case lid 12 that faces away from the case bottom 11, and the mounting bracket 13 is configured to mount a seat. The case lid 12 and the case bottom 11 are attached and fixed together by means of bolts, screws, rivets, welding, or the like.

[0013] Preferably, the integrated battery pack further includes a bottom protection plate 5 interposed between the bottom of the accommodating chamber 110 and the liquid-cooled plate 3. The bottom protection plate 5 protects the liquid-cooled plate 3, and prevents the bottom plate 111 of the case 1 from being hit and damaging the liquid-cooled plate 3 when the bottom of the electric vehicle touches something.

[0014] Preferably, the integrated battery pack further includes a Battery Disconnect Unit (BDU) electrical component 6. The BDU electrical component 6 may employ electrical components in the related art, is configured for high voltage power distribution, and is electrically connected to the battery module 2.

[0015] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3 , four battery modules 2 are arranged in a rectangular array. In some embodiments, the number and arrangement of the battery modules 2 can be flexibly selected depending on the specific internal structure and storage capacity of the integrated battery pack. Each battery module 2 includes a plurality of battery groups arranged sequentially along a first direction (the Y direction in the drawings), and each battery group includes a plurality of unit cells 21 arranged sequentially along a second direction (the X direction in the drawings). In this embodiment, each battery module 2 includes four battery groups. The unit cells 21 are rectangular batteries with positive and negative poles at their tops. In each battery group, all positive poles are aligned in a row along the length of the case 1, and all negative poles are aligned in a row along the length of the case 1.

[0016] The battery module 2 further includes a CCS component 24 and an insulating sheet 25. The CCS component 24 is connected to the poles 23 of the cells 21 and is configured to collect data such as the voltage and temperature of the cells 21. The CCS component 24 is located on top of the battery module 2, and the insulating sheet 25 covers the CCS component 24 to provide insulation and protection. The BDU electrical component 6 includes a copper bar 61 extending along the length of the case 1. The four battery modules 2 are arranged in pairs on both sides of the copper bar 61, allowing the corresponding CCS components 24 of the four battery modules 2 to be connected to the copper bar 61.

[0017] 3, 5, and 6, the pressure relief holes 30 of the liquid cooling plate 3 are covered with mica sheets (not shown) configured to selectively block the pressure relief holes 30. The mica sheets have heat insulating and isolating effects, and prevent high-temperature materials discharged into the pressure relief passages 33 when pressure is released from a certain cell 21 from passing through the surrounding pressure relief holes 30 and causing thermal damage and contamination to other surrounding cells 21. When a cell 21 releases pressure, high-temperature, high-pressure gas can penetrate the mica sheet, pass through the pressure relief holes 30, and enter the pressure relief passages 33.

[0018] The liquid-cooled plate 3 includes a plurality of liquid-cooling passages 34 spaced apart along a first direction (the Y direction in the figure), with a pressure relief passage 33 located between two adjacent liquid-cooling passages 34. The liquid-cooled plate 3 includes a first plate 31 and a second plate 32 stacked one on top of the other. A plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the second plate 32 facing the battery modules 2. The grooves are spaced apart along the first direction and extend along the length of the case 1. The first plate 31 is located on one side of the second plate 32 facing the battery modules 2 and is adapted to cover the groove openings and close the groove openings so that the grooves are in a closed state. Pressure relief passages 33 are enclosed between some of the grooves and the first plate 31, and the pressure relief passages 33 are located directly below the pressure relief valves 22 of the battery modules 2. A liquid-cooled passage 34 is enclosed between the other grooves and the first plate 31. The pressure relief hole 30 is formed in the first plate 31 and is located above the pressure relief passage 33. A corresponding pressure relief port is also provided in the side wall of the case 1, and the pressure relief passage 33 in the liquid cooling plate 3 is connected to the pressure relief port. Thus, when pressure is released, high-temperature gas and other substances pass through the pressure relief port and are discharged to the outside of the case 1. The liquid cooling plate 3 is also provided with a liquid inlet and outlet ports that communicate with the liquid cooling passage 34. The liquid inlet and outlet ports are connected to the external coolant reservoir groove, respectively, allowing the coolant to circulate between the liquid cooling plate 3 and the coolant reservoir groove. In this embodiment, the pressure relief passage 33 is provided between adjacent liquid cooling passages 34, which is advantageous for quickly absorbing the heat of the high-temperature substances in the pressure relief passage 33 using the liquid cooling passage 34, thereby quickly cooling the integrated battery pack. In order to facilitate the processing and manufacturing of the second plate 32, the second plate 32 is configured to be bent back and forth along a first direction, i.e., the cross section of the second plate 32 has an "S" shape, so that a plurality of grooves are formed at intervals on one side of the second plate 32.

[0019] 3 and 4, a plurality of pressure rods 4 are spaced apart on the top of the battery module 2, with opposing ends of the pressure rods 4 connected to the battery module 2 and the inner wall of the case 1, respectively. The pressure rods 4 have a long, columnar structure and extend along the length of the case 1. The plurality of pressure rods 4 are parallel and spaced apart along the width of the case 1. The pressure rods 4 support the case lid 12. When the case lid 12 is subjected to pressure from the seat and passengers, the pressure is uniformly distributed to the shells of the plurality of cells 21 by the pressure rods 4. This prevents the top of the case 1 from being deformed due to concentrated force and prevents the electrode posts 23 of the cells 21 from being directly compressed by the pressure from the case lid 12, which could cause circuit failure. The opposing ends of the pressure rods 4 are adhesively fixed to the battery module 2 and the inner wall of the case 1, respectively. That is, the top end of the pressure rod 4 is adhesively fixed to the inner wall of the case lid 12 with a structural adhesive, and the bottom end is fixed to the battery module 2 .

[0020] A plurality of battery modules 2 are mounted within the case 1. In this embodiment, the number of battery modules 2 is four. The four battery modules 2 are divided into two sets, and the two sets of battery modules 2 are spaced apart along the first direction so that the copper bars 61 of the BDU electrical component 6 can be attached between the two sets of battery modules 2. This structure facilitates connection between the copper bars 61 and the battery modules 2 while saving space. A support plate 41 is provided between two adjacent battery modules 2 along the first direction, and both ends of the support plate 41 are connected to the pressure rods 4 of the two adjacent battery modules 2, respectively, and a mounting groove 9 is formed between the two pressure rods 4. The copper bar 61 is attached within the mounting groove 9. In another embodiment, the support plate 41 and the pressure rod 4 may be integrally molded.

[0021] Referring to FIG. 5 , the sidewall of the case 1 has a hollow structure. The area corresponding to the receiving chamber 110 is mainly present in the case bottom 11, so the sidewall of the case bottom 11 has a hollow structure. A first buffer layer 7 is filled inside the sidewall of the case bottom 11. The first buffer layer 7 is a foam adhesive that functions to buffer and absorb energy. When the sidewall of the case 1 is subjected to an external impact, the first buffer layer 7 provides buffering protection, preventing damage to the battery module 2 inside the case 1.

[0022] Preferably, a second buffer layer 8 is filled between the battery module 2 and the inner wall of the case 1. Because the corresponding area of ​​the receiving chamber 110 is mainly present in the case bottom 11, the second buffer layer 8 is provided between the inner wall of the case bottom 11 and the battery module 2. The second buffer layer 8 is a foam adhesive and serves to cushion and absorb energy. When the side wall of the case 1 is subjected to an external impact, the second buffer layer 8 provides cushioning protection, preventing damage to the battery module 2 inside the case 1.

[0023] In the battery module 2, adjacent cells 21 are bonded and fixed with a structural adhesive. By filling the structural adhesive, gaps between adjacent cells 21 are eliminated and all cells 21 can be formed as a single, integrated unit. This increases the structural strength of the entire battery module 2 and allows the entire battery module 2 to be used to bear pressure from the case lid 12.

[0024] As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 7, an electric vehicle is provided that includes a vehicle body 10, a seat 14, and an integrated battery pack 15. The integrated battery pack 15 is attached to the vehicle body 10, and the top of its case 1 (i.e., case lid 12) also serves as the bottom of the passenger cabin of the vehicle body 10, thereby simplifying the vehicle structure. The seat 14 is attached to a mounting bracket 13 on the case lid 12. Because the pressure relief valve 22 of the battery module 2 is located at the bottom of the case 1, high-temperature gas released when pressure in the cells 21 is released is discharged from the bottom area of ​​the case 1, reducing the thermal impact of the high-temperature gas on the top area of ​​the case 1 and further reducing the thermal impact on the passenger cabin from the inside of the case 1, thereby improving the thermal safety performance of the passenger cabin.

[0025] In this embodiment, the pressure relief valve 22 is provided at the bottom of the battery module 2, allowing high-temperature gas and other materials released when the cell 21 is pressure-relieved to move away from the top of the case 1, thereby reducing the thermal impact of the high-temperature materials on the passenger cabin. Furthermore, the liquid-cooled plate 3 is provided with a pressure relief passage 33 configured to transport high-temperature materials, which allows the high-temperature gas released when the pressure is released to quickly cool down as it moves through the pressure relief passage 33. This lowers the temperature inside the entire case 1, effectively reducing the thermal impact of the case 1 on the passenger cabin, and improving the thermal safety performance of the passenger cabin. [Explanation of symbols]

[0026] 1····Case, 11···Case bottom, 110···Accommodation chamber, 111···Bottom plate, 112···Side plate, 113···Side beam, 12···Case lid, 13···Mounting bracket, 2. Battery module, 21. Cell, 22. Pressure relief valve, 23. Terminal pole, 24. CCS component, 25. Insulation sheet, 3... liquid cooling plate, 30... pressure relief hole, 31... first plate, 32... second plate, 33... pressure relief passage, 34... liquid cooling passage, 4....Pressing rod, 41....Support plate, 5...bottom protection plate, 6···BDU electrical components, 61···Copper bars, 7···First buffer layer, 8···Second buffer layer, 9···Mounting groove, 10···Vehicle body, 14···Seat, 15···Integrated battery pack.

Claims

1. a case having a chamber therein, a battery module provided in the chamber, and a liquid cooling plate provided below the battery module, wherein the battery module has a pressure relief valve formed at its bottom, and one side surface having the pressure relief valve abuts against the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling plate has a pressure relief passage formed therein, and a pressure relief hole communicating with the pressure relief passage and facing the pressure relief valve is opened on one side surface facing the battery module. Integrated battery pack.

2. The liquid cooling plate is provided at the bottom of the case. The integrated battery pack according to claim 1 .

3. the pressure relief vent is covered with a mica sheet configured to selectively block the pressure relief vent; The integrated battery pack according to claim 1 .

4. A plurality of liquid cooling passages are formed in the liquid cooling plate at intervals along a first direction, with the pressure relief passage located between adjacent two of the liquid cooling passages. The integrated battery pack according to claim 1 .

5. the liquid cooling plate comprises a first plate and a second plate stacked one upon the other, a side surface of the second plate facing the battery modules has a plurality of grooves spaced apart along the first direction, the first plate is provided on one side of the second plate facing the battery modules and is capable of closing the groove openings, some of the plurality of grooves surround the pressure relief passage between the first plate and the second plate, and the liquid cooling passage between the other of the plurality of grooves surrounds the pressure relief passage between the first plate and the first plate, and the pressure relief hole is opened in the first plate; The integrated battery pack according to claim 4 .

6. a plurality of pressure rods are provided at intervals on the top of the battery module, and opposite ends of the pressure rods are connected to the battery module and the inner wall of the case, respectively; The integrated battery pack according to claim 1 .

7. the battery module includes a plurality of battery sets sequentially arranged along a first direction, each of the battery sets including a plurality of unit cells sequentially arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and adjacent unit cells are bonded and fixed by a structural adhesive; The integrated battery pack according to claim 1 .

8. An integrated battery pack, The side wall of the case has a hollow structure and is filled with a first buffer layer; or a second buffer layer is filled between the battery module and the inner wall of the case; Satisfy at least one of the following: The integrated battery pack according to claim 1 .

9. a bottom protection plate interposed between the chamber bottom and the liquid cooling plate; The integrated battery pack according to claim 1 .

10. a vehicle body; a seat; and the integrated battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is provided on the vehicle body and has the seat attached to a top of a case thereof; Electric car.

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