Retrofit rock bolt installation device and rock bolt installation method using the same

Abstract

We provide an inexpensive, highly versatile, retrofittable rock bolt installation device. [Solution] This is an add-on type that can be attached to a general-purpose drilling device. An openable / closable tip catcher 30 is placed in place of the tip catcher 23, a foldable intermediate receiver 31 is placed in place of the intermediate receiver 24, a rail member 34 is fixed to the guide shell 20 via an adapter plate 33, and an injection nozzle base 36 equipped with a drive means 38 that allows it to move back and forth along the rail member 34 and a mortar injection nozzle 37 connected thereto is provided. After forming a hole in the ground, a rock bolt insertion rod 41 and a rock bolt 44 are attached to the drifter 21 in place of the drilling bit rod 22, and when the drifter 21 is advanced and the rock bolt 44 is inserted into the hole, the foldable intermediate receiver 31 is tilted and the openable / closable tip catcher 30 is expanded on both sides so that the flat washer 42 can pass through each part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a drilling device for forming a hole in a rock mass, which can be retrofitted with a construction device for a rock bolt to be inserted into the hole, and a post - attached type rock bolt construction device using mortar as a fixing material for the rock bolt filled in the hole, and a rock bolt construction method using the same.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, in mountain tunnel construction represented by the NATM method, for each excavation by blasting, concrete is sprayed on the excavated wall surface, and a large number of rock bolts are inserted vertically into the rock mass with respect to the tunnel wall surface and fixed with a grout material. After reinforcing the rock mass with the sprayed concrete and the rock bolts as the main support members, a waterproof sheet is installed on the outer surface thereof, and finally concrete lining is carried out.

[0003] Conventionally, for the construction of the rock bolts, after drilling with a drilling device, workers ride in a basket, manually insert the rock bolts into the holes, and further fill the grout material to fix the rock bolts. However, in recent years, the construction of the rock bolts has been mechanized.

[0004] For example, in Patent Document 1 below, in mountain tunnel construction by the NATM method, there is a rock bolt construction device for performing operations such as drilling for rock bolts, filling grout material, and inserting rock bolts with respect to the wall surface, The rock bolt construction device includes a travelable base body, an arm unit extending from the base body, and a device main body provided at the tip of the arm unit. The device main body includes a rock bolt drilling device unit including a first guide shell, a first drifter provided to be movable back and forth along the first guide shell, and a drilling rod held by the first drifter. A lock bolt loading device comprising a second guide shell, a second drifter provided to be movable back and forth along the second guide shell, and a lock bolt rack positioned adjacent to the guide shell, capable of holding a plurality of lock bolts around its periphery and for supplying lock bolts to the second drifter, A grout material filling device is provided in parallel between the aforementioned rock bolt drilling device and the aforementioned rock bolt insertion device, and the grout material filling device is provided in parallel, and the grout material filling device holds an injection hose for filling the hole with grout material so that it can move forward and backward. A rock bolt installation device is disclosed, characterized in that a rotating contact pivot point is provided at the tip of the main body of the device, and with this rotating contact pivot point pressed against and fixed to the tunnel wall, the rock bolt drilling device, the rock bolt insertion device, and the grout material filling device are able to swing about the rotating contact pivot point as the center of rotation, and when the main body of the device is viewed from the tip side, the shaft of the first drifter of the rock bolt drilling device, the shaft of the second drifter of the rock bolt insertion device, and the injection hose of the grout material filling device are located on an arc line centered on the rotating contact pivot point. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-19247 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] According to the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the positioning of the rock bolt drilling device, the rock bolt insertion device, and the grout material filling device can be easily performed solely by a swaying control operation centered on the rotational contact pivot point. This reduces the burden on the operator performing the series of operations and is superior in that it enables further efficiency improvements in the series of operations of drilling, filling with anchoring material, and inserting rock bolts.

[0007] However, conventional rock bolt installation equipment consists of a dedicated machine with a drilling device, a fixing material filling device, and a rock bolt insertion device all integrated from the start. This high cost of the equipment itself made it difficult to implement. This high cost of installation equipment was a major obstacle to the mechanization of rock bolt installation.

[0008] Therefore, the main objective of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive and versatile retrofit rock bolt installation device and an installation method using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To solve the aforementioned problems, the present invention according to claim 1 provides a retrofit rock bolt installation device that can be attached to a drilling device comprising: a guide shell; a drifter provided to be movable back and forth along the guide shell; a drilling bit rod attached to the drifter and forming a bore in the ground; a tip catcher that holds the drilling bit rod at the tip of the guide shell; and an intermediate receiver that holds the drilling bit rod at the intermediate part between the tip catcher and the drifter, A holding device comprising: an openable tip catcher positioned at the tip of the guide shell in place of the aforementioned tip catcher, which can be switched between a state in which the drilling bit rod is held with the tip holders that can be opened and closed on both sides closed and a state in which the tip holders that can be opened and closed on both sides are expanded; and a foldable intermediate receiver positioned between the openable tip catcher and the drifter in place of the aforementioned intermediate receiver, which can be switched between a state in which the drilling bit rod is held with the foldable intermediate receiver raised and a state in which the intermediate receiver is tilted in the forward direction of the drifter, A mortar injection device comprising: a rail member fixed to the guide shell via an adapter plate and extending along the guide shell; an injection nozzle base equipped with a drive means that allows it to move back and forth along the rail member; a mortar connecting pipe attached to the injection nozzle base and connected to a mortar pumping hose; and a mortar injection nozzle capable of injecting mortar into a borehole formed in the ground with its tip inserted into the borehole; When inserting a rock bolt into a hole formed in the ground using the drilling bit and rod, the rock bolt installation device consists of a rock bolt insertion rod attached to the drifter in place of the drilling bit and rod, and a rock bolt having a flat washer and nut attached to its head, with the nut fitted into a nut fitting portion provided at the tip of the rock bolt insertion rod, and held by the open / close tip catcher and the foldable intermediate receiver. The rock bolt installation device is provided, characterized in that, when the drifter is advanced to insert the rock bolt into a bore formed in the ground, the intermediate holder of the foldable intermediate receiver is tilted to allow the flat washer to pass through the foldable intermediate receiver, and the tip holder of the openable / closed tip catcher is expanded on both sides to allow the flat washer to pass through the openable / closed tip catcher.

[0010] The invention described in claim 1 above is a retrofit rock bolt installation device that can be retrofitted to a commonly used drilling device by replacing and adding parts. Specifically, the tip catcher and intermediate chisel holder are replaced with an openable tip catcher and a foldable intermediate chisel holder, respectively, to form a holding device for the drilling bit / rod. A rail member is fixed to the guide shell via an adapter plate, and a mortar injection section is formed by providing an injection nozzle base equipped with a driving means, a mortar connecting pipe, and a mortar injection nozzle on this rail member. When inserting a rock bolt into a hole formed in the ground by the drilling bit / rod, a rock bolt insertion rod is attached to the drifter in place of the drilling bit / rod, and a rock bolt with a flat washer and nut attached is fitted and held at the tip of this rock bolt insertion rod, thereby forming a rock bolt installation device. In this way, a rock bolt installation device is retrofitted to the drilling device.

[0011] In the rock bolt installation device, when inserting a rock bolt into a hole by feeding the drifter, there is a problem in that the flat washer (anchor plate) attached to the head of the rock bolt collides with the intermediate support or the tip catcher. However, in the installation device according to the present invention, the intermediate support and tip catcher that were provided in the conventional drilling device are replaced with a foldable intermediate support and an openable / closable tip catcher, respectively. In the case of the foldable intermediate support, the intermediate holder of the rock bolt tilts in the forward direction of the drifter, and in the case of the openable / closable tip catcher, the tip holder of the rock bolt expands to both sides, so that there is no obstruction when the flat washer of the rock bolt passes through.

[0012] In this way, since a rock bolt installation device can be retrofitted to a general-purpose drilling device, costs can be significantly reduced compared to using a dedicated machine that includes a drilling device, rock bolt installation device, and grout filling device as a set. This makes it possible to provide an inexpensive and highly versatile retrofit rock bolt installation device.

[0013] As per claim 2, the present invention is provided with a sensor capable of measuring the injection pressure and injection speed of mortar in the middle of the mortar pumping hose, the sensor and a guidance computer provided in the driver's seat are connected by an electrical cable, and a control device that controls the drive means for driving the injection nozzle base forward and backward along the rail member is connected to the guidance computer by an electrical cable. The retrofit rock bolt installation device according to claim 1 is provided, wherein when mortar is injected from the mortar injection nozzle, the guidance computer operates the drive means to move the mortar injection nozzle in the direction of withdrawing it from the hole if the injection pressure and injection speed of the sensor fall outside a preset threshold range, and stops the drive means and continues mortar injection at that position when the injection pressure and injection speed of the sensor fall within the threshold range.

[0014] The invention described in claim 2 above specifies a means for automatically and densely filling a hole with mortar. When the injection pressure of the mortar pumping hose exceeds a certain value and the injection speed (injection flow rate) falls below a certain value, it is determined that the tip of the mortar injection nozzle is sufficiently filled with mortar, and the drive means is activated to move the mortar injection nozzle in the direction of withdrawing it from the hole. As a result of this operation, when the tip of the mortar injection nozzle leaves the mortar-filled area, the injection pressure of the mortar pumping hose becomes within a certain value and the injection speed becomes above a certain value, so the drive means is stopped at that point and mortar injection continues at that position. By continuously repeating this operation until the tip of the mortar injection nozzle comes near the opening of the hole, mortar can be automatically filled into the hole.

[0015] As part of the present invention according to claim 3, a retrofit rock bolt installation device is provided according to claim 1, wherein a mortar pump is located near the drilling device, and a mortar pumping hose extends from the discharge port of the mortar pump.

[0016] In the invention described in claim 3 above, a mortar pump is placed near the drilling device, and the mortar pumping hose extends from the discharge port of this mortar pump. In the case of a small mortar pump, a mortar pump operator is assigned to the mortar pump to manage the mortar. In the case of a large mortar pump, the mortar pump's operating switch is located in the driver's seat, and the operator of the drilling device also operates the mortar pump.

[0017] As per claim 4, the present invention provides a retrofit lock bolt installation device according to claim 1, wherein the adapter plate is provided with a different structure corresponding to each model of the drilling device, and the rail member is fixed to the guide shell via the adapter plate that is suitable for the drilling device being used.

[0018] In the invention described in claim 4 above, in order to be compatible with all models of general-purpose drilling devices, adapter plates with different structures corresponding to each model are prepared to be interposed between the guide shell and the rail member, and the adapter plate that is suitable for the drilling device being used is used.

[0019] The present invention according to claim 5 is a rock bolt installation method using a retrofit rock bolt installation device that can be attached to a drilling device comprising: a guide shell; a drifter provided to move back and forth along the guide shell; a drilling bit rod held by the drifter and forming a bore in the ground; a tip catcher that holds the drilling bit rod at the tip of the guide shell; and an intermediate receiver that holds the drilling bit rod at the intermediate part between the tip catcher and the drifter, wherein the rock bolt installation method is provided using a retrofit rock bolt installation device that can be attached to a drilling device, Instead of the tip catcher, an opening / closing type tip catcher that can be switched between a state in which a tip holder that can be opened and closed on both sides holds the hole-drilling bit rod at the tip of the guide shell and a state in which the tip holder is expanded to both sides is arranged. Also, instead of the intermediate receiving member only, a collapsible intermediate receiving member is arranged at the intermediate portion between the opening / closing type tip catcher and the drifter. The collapsible intermediate receiving member can be switched between a state in which it stands upright to hold the hole-drilling bit rod and a state in which it is tilted in the advancing direction of the drifter. A rail member extending along the guide shell is fixed to the guide shell via an adapter plate. On the rail member, an injection nozzle base provided with driving means that can move back and forth along the rail member is provided. A mortar connection pipe to which a mortar pumping hose is connected is attached to the injection nozzle base, and a mortar injection nozzle capable of injecting mortar into a hole while inserting the tip into a hole formed in the ground is fixed. This is the attachment process of a post-attached type rock bolt construction device. A drilling process in which a hole is formed in the ground while applying a rotational force, an impact force, and a thrust force to the hole-drilling bit rod by the drifter. Remove the hole-drilling bit rod from the drifter, attach a rock bolt insertion rod to the drifter, fit the nut of the rock bolt with a flat washer and a nut attached to the head to the nut fitting portion provided at the tip of the rock bolt insertion rod, and hold the rock bolt by the opening / closing type tip catcher and the collapsible intermediate receiving member only. This is the rock bolt holding process. A mortar injection process in which mortar is injected into the hole with the mortar injection nozzle inserted into the hole. A rock bolt construction method using a post-attached type rock bolt construction device is provided, which comprises a rock bolt driving process in which the rock bolt is inserted into the hole into which mortar has been injected while applying a thrust force by the drifter.

[0020] In the invention according to claim 5, as a method for constructing a rock bolt using a retrofit rock bolt construction device, after going through the attachment process of the retrofit rock bolt construction device, a drilling process for forming a hole in the natural ground is performed. After that, the drill bit / rod used for drilling is removed, a rod for inserting the rock bolt and the rock bolt are attached to the drifter, a mortar injection process for injecting mortar into the hole is performed, and then, a rock bolt driving process for inserting the rock bolt into the hole into which the mortar has been injected is carried out. By this procedure, the rock bolt construction device can be retrofitted to a general-purpose drilling device, so that the cost can be significantly reduced compared with the case of using a dedicated machine in which the drilling device, the rock bolt construction device, and the grout material filling device are set, and a low-cost and highly versatile retrofit rock bolt construction device can be provided.

[0021] In the invention according to claim 6, in the mortar injection process, when injecting mortar by inserting the tip of the mortar injection nozzle into the hole, the injection pressure and injection speed of the mortar pressure feeding hose are constantly measured. If the injection pressure and injection speed are outside the range of the preset threshold values, the driving means is operated to move the mortar injection nozzle in the direction of pulling it out of the hole. Then, when the injection pressure and injection speed are within the range of the threshold values, the driving means is stopped, and the operation of injecting mortar at that position is repeated, thereby providing a method for constructing a rock bolt using the retrofit rock bolt construction device according to claim 5.

[0022] In the invention according to claim 6, a method for automatically and densely filling the hole with mortar is defined.

Effect of the Invention

[0023] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, a low-cost and highly versatile retrofit rock bolt construction device and a construction method using the same can be provided.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] [Figure 1] It is a tunnel longitudinal sectional view showing the excavation construction procedure of a mountain tunnel. [Figure 2] This is a perspective view showing a drilling device 1 equipped with a retrofit rock bolt installation device 4 according to the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a perspective view showing the equipment configuration provided in the original guide shell 20. [Figure 4] This is a perspective view showing the assembly procedure for equipment to be replaced or retrofitted to the guide shell 20. [Figure 5] This is a perspective view showing the Drifter 21 with the lock bolt 44 attached. [Figure 6] This is a perspective view showing the injection nozzle tip 37 in a forward position. [Figure 7] This is a perspective view showing the lock bolt 44 in a forward position. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0026] Near the tunnel face S, as shown in Figure 1, tunnel construction heavy machinery such as a drilling device 1 (drill jumbo), a spraying machine 2, and a wheel loader 3 are positioned and excavation work is carried out. The illustrated example is a mini-bench method in which excavation is carried out by simultaneous operation of the upper and lower halves. The length of the upper bench is made extremely small, between 3 and 5.5 m, and in both the upper and lower halves, drilling and charging are performed on the tunnel face S using the drilling device 1, the upper and lower halves are cut away (blasted) in one go, then the spoil is removed by the wheel loader 3, primary spraying is performed on the wall surface using the spraying machine 2, steel supports are erected as needed, secondary spraying is performed, and then excavation is carried out according to the procedure for installing rock bolts.

[0027] The present invention is a device for mechanizing the installation of rock bolts in the construction of the aforementioned mountain tunnel. The installation of rock bolts is classified into drilling holes in the wall surface for the rock bolts, filling with mortar and inserting the rock bolts, and fixing the rock bolt heads, but this invention mechanizes the work from drilling holes for the rock bolts to inserting the rock bolts.

[0028] [Post-installation lock bolt installation device 4] Normally, a dedicated rock bolt installation device is used for installing rock bolts, but in this invention, a retrofit rock bolt installation device is constructed by replacing or adding the necessary equipment to a drilling device 1 that performs drilling work.

[0029] The retrofit rock bolt installation device 4 according to the present invention is a retrofit device that can be attached to a general-purpose drilling device 1. As shown in Figure 2, the drilling device 1 includes a movable base body 10, an arm unit 11 extending from the base body 10, and a device body 12 provided at the tip of the arm unit 11. In the illustrated example, the base body 10 is shown as a wheeled type, but it may also be a caterpillar type. By making it movable, when the drilling procedure begins, it moves from the retraction area to the vicinity of the tunnel face S to perform the work. The arm unit 11 is capable of rotating and tilting its arm by a combination mechanism of a sliding joint and a hydraulic cylinder, and the device body 12 held at the tip can be controlled to any desired posture by a combination mechanism of a sliding joint and a hydraulic cylinder.

[0030] As shown in Figure 3, the device body 12 comprises a guide shell 20, a drifter 21 that is provided to move back and forth along the guide shell 20, a drilling bit rod 22 that is attached to the drifter 21 and forms a bore in the ground, a tip catcher 23 that holds the drilling bit rod 22 at the tip of the guide shell 20, and an intermediate receiver 24 that holds the drilling bit rod 22 at the intermediate part between the tip catcher 23 and the drifter 21.

[0031] The drifter 21 is controlled to move in the forward and backward directions along a rail on the guide shell 20, and is capable of forming a bore in the ground corresponding to the outer diameter of the drilling rod by pushing it into the ground while applying rotational and impacting forces to the drilling bit rod 22 using a predetermined hydraulic or pneumatic circuit.

[0032] The above is a description of a general-purpose drilling device 1, but the retrofit rock bolt installation device 4 according to the present invention is a device that enables the installation of rock bolts by retrofitting it to this general-purpose drilling device 1.

[0033] As shown in Figure 4, the retrofit rock bolt installation device 4 according to the present invention includes a holding device section 32 which consists of an openable tip catcher 30 positioned at the tip of the guide shell 20 in place of the tip catcher 23, and which can be switched between a state in which the drilling bit rod 22 is held with the openable tip holders 30a, 30a on both sides closed and a state in which the tip holders 30a, 30a are expanded on both sides, and a foldable intermediate holder 31 positioned between the openable tip catcher 30 and the drifter 21 in place of the intermediate holder 24, and which can be switched between a state in which the drilling bit rod 22 is held with the foldable intermediate holder 31a raised and a state in which the intermediate holder 31a is tilted in the forward direction of the drifter 21. In the drilling process, the drilling bit rod 22 is held by the holding device 32 while drilling work is performed on the ground using the drilling bit rod 22. In the rock bolt installation process, the rock bolt 44 is held by the holding device 32 while the rock bolt 44 is inserted into the drilled hole.

[0034] The openable tip catcher 30 consists of two tip holders 30a, 30a that can be opened and closed on both sides, and a hydraulic or pneumatic piston that supports both sides of these tip holders 30a, 30a. The lower ends of each tip holder 30a, 30a are supported so as to be rotatable around an axis that extends along the forward and backward direction of the drifter 21. By extending and retracting the piston, it is possible to switch between a closed state where both tip holders 30a, 30a are positioned facing each other in the center, and a state where they are expanded on both sides. When the tip holders 30a, 30a are closed, the semicircular recesses formed on each tip holder 30a are positioned facing each other, forming a rod insertion hole for the drilling bit rod 22. On the other hand, when the tip holders 30a, 30a are expanded, the semicircular recesses are separated from each other, making it impossible to hold the drilling bit rod 22.

[0035] The foldable intermediate support 31 includes a plate-shaped intermediate holder 31a with a U-shaped notch formed downward from its upper edge. The lower end of the intermediate holder 31a is supported so as to be rotatable within a certain angular range around an axis extending in both directions perpendicular to the forward and backward movement direction of the drifter 21. The intermediate holder 31a can be switched between a state in which it stands upright and holds the drilling bit rod 22 in the U-shaped notch due to a restoring force such as a torsion coil spring, and a state in which the intermediate holder 31a, which stood upright against the elastic force of the torsion coil spring, tilts in the forward direction of the drifter 21 due to a pressing force acting from the drifter 21 side. When the pressing force from the drifter 21 side is released, the intermediate holder 31a naturally returns to its upright state due to the restoring force of the torsion coil spring.

[0036] As shown in Figure 3, the retrofit rock bolt installation device 4 according to the present invention comprises a mortar injection device section 39 which includes a rail member 34 fixed to the guide shell 20 via an adapter plate 33 and extending along the guide shell 20, an injection nozzle base 36 equipped with a drive means 38 that allows it to move back and forth along the rail member 34, a mortar connecting pipe 46 attached to the injection nozzle base 36 and connected to a mortar pumping hose 35, and a mortar injection nozzle 37 that can inject mortar into a borehole formed in the ground with its tip inserted into the borehole.

[0037] The rail member 34 is attached to the side or bottom of the guide shell 20 via an adapter plate 33 at a position that does not obstruct the movement of the drifter 21. Different adapter plates 33 are available for each model of drilling device 1, and the one that is suitable for the drilling device 1 being used is used. A mortar injection nozzle holder 34a is provided at the tip of the rail member 34 to hold the mortar injection nozzle 37.

[0038] It is important that the mounting position of the rail member 34 is such that, when the injection nozzle base 36 is moved to the rearmost position, the tip of the mortar injection nozzle 37 does not protrude in front of the tip of the guide shell 20, and when the injection nozzle base 36 is moved to the frontmost position, the tip of the mortar injection nozzle 37 protrudes in front of the tip of the guide shell 20 and can reach the deepest part (hole end) of the bore formed in the ground.

[0039] The injection nozzle base 36 is driven by a drive means 38, which consists of a hydraulic motor, an electric motor, an air motor, etc., and is able to travel along the rail member 34. If the drive means 38 is a hydraulic motor or an air motor, a hydraulic hose or an air hose is connected, and if it is an electric motor, an electrical cable is connected.

[0040] The mortar connecting pipe 46 is a T-shaped pipe consisting of a main pipe that runs along the direction in which the rail member 34 extends, and a branch pipe connected in the middle of the main pipe. One end of the main pipe is fixed to the injection nozzle base 36, and the other end is connected to the mortar injection nozzle 37. The tip of the branch pipe extending from the middle of the main pipe is connected to a mortar pumping hose 35 that extends from the discharge port of the mortar pump 52. Since one end of the main pipe fixed to the injection nozzle base 36 is closed, the mortar pumped from the mortar pumping hose 35 is pumped to the mortar injection nozzle 37 through the other end of the main pipe.

[0041] The mortar injection nozzle 37 is a straight pipe with a diameter that can be inserted into a bore made in the ground, and is formed to be longer than the depth of the bore so that mortar can be filled to the deepest part of the bore.

[0042] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, the retrofit rock bolt installation device 4 according to the present invention includes a rock bolt installation device section 45, which consists of a rock bolt insertion rod 41 that is attached to the drifter 21 in place of the drilling bit rod 22 when inserting a rock bolt into a hole formed in the ground by the drilling bit rod 22, and a rock bolt 44 which has a flat washer 42 and a nut 43 attached to its head, and the nut 43 is fitted into a nut fitting portion 41a provided at the tip of the rock bolt insertion rod 41, and is held by an openable / closable tip catcher 30 and a foldable intermediate receiver 31.

[0043] The lock bolt insertion rod 41 is a rod member with a circular cross-section, having a connecting portion for the drifter 21 at its rear end and a nut fitting portion 41a at its front end into which the nut 43 of the head of the lock bolt 44 can be fitted.

[0044] The lock bolt 44 is set with its head nut 43 fitted onto the nut fitting portion 41a of the lock bolt insertion rod 41, and with the bolt portion held by the open / close tip catcher 30 and the foldable intermediate receiver 31. It is then inserted into the hole by applying thrust through the feed operation of the drifter 21, and by applying rotational force or impact force as needed.

[0045] During the process of inserting the rock bolt 44 into the borehole, when the flat washer 42 attached to the head of the rock bolt 44 reaches the foldable intermediate support 31, the feed operation of the drifter 21 causes the flat washer 42 to press against the intermediate holder 31a of the foldable intermediate support 31, causing the intermediate holder 31a to tilt in the forward direction of the drifter 21. This allows the flat washer 42 to pass through the foldable intermediate support 31. Furthermore, when the flat washer 42 reaches the openable / closed tip catcher 30, the piston contraction operation expands the tip holders 30a, 30a on both sides, allowing the flat washer 42 to pass through the openable / closed tip catcher 30. The openable / closed tip catcher 30 is positioned close to the ground surface at the tip of the guide shell 20, and if it were structured to tilt in the forward direction of the drifter 21 like the foldable intermediate support 31, there would be a risk of contact with the ground. Therefore, it is structured to open and close on both sides to prevent contact with the ground.

[0046] The driver's seat of the drilling device 1 is equipped with a guidance computer 48, and the base 10 of the drilling device 1 is equipped with a hydraulic control device 50 and a distribution board 51.

[0047] A sensor 47 capable of measuring the injection pressure and injection speed (injection flow rate) of mortar is provided in the middle of the mortar pumping hose 35, which extends from the mortar pump 52 to the mortar connecting pipe 37, and this sensor 47 and the guidance computer 48 are connected by an electrical cable. Furthermore, if the drive means 38 for moving the mortar injection nozzle 37 back and forth is configured as a hydraulic motor, an hydraulic sensor 49 for measuring the hydraulic pressure of this hydraulic motor is provided, and this hydraulic sensor 49 and the guidance computer 48 are connected by an electrical cable.

[0048] The hydraulic control device 50 is connected to the driving means 38 of the injection nozzle base 36 by a hydraulic hose, and is also connected to the pistons on both sides of the open / close tip catcher 30 by a hydraulic hose, and performs hydraulic control in response to commands from the guidance computer 48.

[0049] A mortar pump 52 is positioned near the drilling device 1, and the mortar pumping hose 35 extends from the discharge port of this mortar pump 52. The mortar pump 52 can be a type that has been used in conventional rock bolt installation, where the mortar pump is mounted on a trolley. The mortar pumping hose 35 is connected via a quick-connect coupler or the like.

[0050] [Rock bolt installation method] Next, we will explain how to install rock bolts in the ground using the retrofit rock bolt installation device 4 described above.

[0051] (Installation process for the retrofitted lock bolt installation device 4) First, the process of attaching the retrofit lock bolt installation device 4 to the drilling device 1 is performed. Specifically, instead of the tip catcher 23, an openable tip catcher 30 is placed at the tip of the guide shell 20, which can be switched between a state in which the tip holders 30a, 30a are closed and hold the drilling bit rod 22, and a state in which the tip holders 30a, 30a are expanded on both sides. In addition, instead of the intermediate support 24, a foldable intermediate support 31 is placed between the openable tip catcher 30 and the drifter 21, which can be switched between a state in which the foldable intermediate holder 31a is upright and holds the drilling bit rod 22, and a state in which the intermediate holder 31a is tilted in the forward direction of the drifter 21. The holding device section 32 is then set on the guide shell 20.

[0052] Next, a rail member 34 extending along the guide shell 20 is fixed to the guide shell 20 via an adapter plate 33. An injection nozzle base 36 equipped with a drive means 38 that allows it to move back and forth along the rail member 34 is provided on the rail member 34. A mortar connecting pipe 37 to which a mortar pumping hose 35 is connected is attached to the injection nozzle base 36, and a mortar injection nozzle 37 capable of injecting mortar into a borehole formed in the ground is fixed to the mortar connecting pipe 37 with its tip inserted into the borehole.

[0053] A guidance computer 48 is installed in the driver's seat, and a distribution board 51 is installed on the drilling device 1, with wiring to each device. In addition, a hydraulic control device 50 is installed on the drilling device 1 and connected to the driving means 38 of the injection nozzle base 36 and the piston of the open / close tip catcher 30 with a hydraulic hose.

[0054] After connecting the electrical cable of the drilling device 1 to the power trolley, the hydraulic control device 50 is started, and the movement of each device and the power supply status are checked to complete the device installation process.

[0055] (Pre-entered into guidance computer 48) The threshold values ​​for the sensor 47, which is installed in the middle of the mortar pumping hose 35 and capable of measuring the injection pressure and injection speed of the mortar, are input in advance. These threshold values ​​consist of upper and lower limits defined for the injection pressure and injection speed (injection flow rate), respectively, and can be determined by prior testing or simulation. Furthermore, these threshold values ​​do not need to be constant at all times and may be gradually changed as the work progresses.

[0056] (Preparation of mortar pump 52) A mortar pump 52 is placed near the drilling device 1, and a mortar pumping hose 35 is connected from the discharge port of the mortar pump 52 to a mortar connecting pipe 37. A sensor 47 capable of measuring the injection pressure and injection speed of the mortar is provided in the middle of the mortar pumping hose 35.

[0057] (Drilling process) With the drilling bit rod 22 attached to the drifter 21, a drilling process is performed in which a bore is formed in the ground by applying rotational force, impact force, and thrust to the drilling bit rod 22 using the drifter 21. The bore is drilled at the location where the rock bolt 44 is to be driven, to a depth corresponding to the length of the rock bolt 44 to be driven.

[0058] If there is a boom that does not have the retrofitted rock bolt installation device 4 attached, that boom will also be used for drilling.

[0059] (Rock bolt holding process) Once drilling with the drilling bit rod 22 is complete, the drilling bit rod 22 is removed from the drifter 21, the lock bolt insertion rod 41 is attached to the drifter 21, and the nut 43 of the lock bolt 44, which has a flat washer 42 and a nut 43 attached to its head, is fitted into the nut fitting portion 41a provided at the tip of the lock bolt insertion rod 41, and the lock bolt 44 is held in the open / close tip catcher 30 and the foldable intermediate support 31 in a lock bolt holding process.

[0060] (Mortar injection process) With the mortar injection nozzle 37 inserted into the hole, mortar is injected into the hole. Specifically, this is done in the following procedure.

[0061] First, the mortar pump operator, who manages the mortar using the mortar pump 52, sends mortar until a small amount of mortar comes out of the tip of the mortar injection nozzle 37. Once the mortar spills out of the tip of the mortar injection nozzle 37, the pump is stopped.

[0062] Next, the jumbo operator operating the drilling device 1 from the driver's seat drives the drive means 38 of the injection nozzle base 36 by hydraulic operation to move the mortar injection nozzle 37 forward, while operating the arm unit 11 to align the drilling position with the tip position of the mortar injection nozzle 37, and inserts the mortar injection nozzle 37 into the drilling hole.

[0063] Once the tip of the mortar injection nozzle 37 has been inserted to the deepest part of the hole (hole end), the initial load value setting button for the mortar injection nozzle 37 displayed on the guidance computer 48 is pressed to set the load value of the mortar injection nozzle 37 to its initial value.

[0064] Subsequently, the mortar pump operator begins mixing and injecting the mortar. When injecting the mortar, the tip of the mortar injection nozzle 37 is inserted into the hole and the mortar is injected. The sensor 47, located in the middle of the mortar pumping hose 35, constantly measures the injection pressure and injection speed. If the injection pressure and injection speed deviate from the preset threshold range, the drive means 38 is activated to slowly move the mortar injection nozzle 37 away from the hole. After the injection pressure and injection speed return to within the threshold range, the drive means 38 is stopped, and the mortar is injected at that position. By repeating this operation, the mortar can be automatically and densely filled into the hole.

[0065] When the tip of the mortar injection nozzle 37 reaches near the opening of the drilled hole, the mortar pump operator stops the operation of the mortar pump 52 and stops the injection of mortar. Then, the jumbo operator completely withdraws the mortar injection nozzle 37 and moves the injection nozzle base 36 to the rearmost end.

[0066] (Rock bolt installation process) A rock bolt installation process is performed in which a rock bolt 44 is inserted into a drilled hole into which mortar has been injected, while thrust is applied by the feed operation of the drifter 21, and rotational force or impact force is applied as needed.

[0067] (Preparation process for the next step) Once mortar injection and rock bolt installation 44 are completed for all drilled holes, the mortar pump 52, mortar pumping hose 35, and mortar injection nozzle 37 are cleaned using the conventional procedure.

[0068] In the reverse procedure of the rock bolt holding process described above, the rock bolt 44 held by the drifter 21 is replaced with the drilling bit rod 22. Thus, with the retrofit rock bolt installation device 4 according to the present invention, switching between holding the rock bolt 44 or the drilling bit rod 22 in the drifter 21 can be done with a simple operation.

[0069] [Other examples of forms] When using a mortar pump 52 with a large mortar capacity, that is, when using a mortar pump 52 that can supply a large amount of mortar at once, rather than one bag at a time, it is preferable to install the operation switch for the mortar pump 52 in the driver's seat, so that the jumbo operator operating from the driver's seat also operates the mortar pump 52. In this case, a separate mortar pump operator is not required. The rock bolt installation method in this case can be carried out using the same procedure as described above, simply by replacing "mortar pump operator" with "jumbo operator". [Explanation of Symbols]

[0070] 1…Drilling device, 2…Spraying machine, 3…Wheel loader, 4…Post-installation rock bolt installation device, 10…Base, 11…Arm unit, 12…Device body, 20…Guide shell, 21…Drifter, 22…Drilling bit / rod, 23…Tip catcher, 24…Intermediate support only, 30…Open / close tip catcher, 31…Foldable intermediate support only, 32…Holding device section, 33…Adapter plate, 34…Rail member, 35…Mortar pumping hose, 36…Injection nozzle base, 37…Mortar injection nozzle, 38…Drive means, 39…Mortar injection device section, 41…Rod for rock bolt insertion, 42…Flat washer, 43…Nut, 44…Rock bolt, 45…Rock bolt installation device section, 46…Connecting pipe for mortar, 47…Sensor, 48…Guidance computer, 49…Hydraulic sensor, 50…Hydraulic control device, 51…Distribution board, 52…Mortar pump

Claims

1. A retrofit rock bolt installation device that can be attached to a drilling device comprising a guide shell, a drifter provided to move back and forth along the guide shell, a drilling bit rod attached to the drifter and forming a bore in the ground, a tip catcher that holds the drilling bit rod at the tip of the guide shell, and an intermediate receiver that holds the drilling bit rod at the intermediate part between the tip catcher and the drifter, A holding device comprising: an openable tip catcher positioned at the tip of the guide shell in place of the aforementioned tip catcher, which can be switched between a state in which the drilling bit rod is held with the tip holders that can be opened and closed on both sides closed and a state in which the tip holders that can be opened and closed on both sides are expanded; and a foldable intermediate receiver positioned between the openable tip catcher and the drifter in place of the aforementioned intermediate receiver, which can be switched between a state in which the drilling bit rod is held with the foldable intermediate receiver raised and a state in which the intermediate receiver is tilted in the forward direction of the drifter, A mortar injection device comprising: a rail member fixed to the guide shell via an adapter plate and extending along the guide shell; an injection nozzle base equipped with a drive means that allows it to move back and forth along the rail member; a mortar connecting pipe attached to the injection nozzle base and connected to a mortar pumping hose; and a mortar injection nozzle capable of injecting mortar into a borehole formed in the ground with its tip inserted into the borehole; When inserting a rock bolt into a hole formed in the ground using the drilling bit rod, the rock bolt installation device consists of a rock bolt insertion rod attached to the drifter in place of the drilling bit rod, and a rock bolt having a flat washer and nut attached to its head, with the nut fitted into a nut fitting portion provided at the tip of the rock bolt insertion rod, and the rock bolt being held by the open / close tip catcher and the foldable intermediate receiver. A retrofit rock bolt installation device characterized in that, when the drifter is advanced to insert the rock bolt into a bore formed in the ground, the intermediate holder of the foldable intermediate receiver is tilted to allow the flat washer to pass through the foldable intermediate receiver, and the tip holder of the openable / closed tip catcher is expanded on both sides to allow the flat washer to pass through the openable / closed tip catcher.

2. A sensor capable of measuring the injection pressure and injection speed of mortar is provided in the middle of the mortar pumping hose, and the sensor and a guidance computer located in the driver's seat are connected by an electrical cable, and a control device that controls the drive means for driving the injection nozzle base forward and backward along the rail member is connected to the guidance computer by an electrical cable. The retrofit rock bolt installation device according to claim 1, wherein when mortar is injected from the mortar injection nozzle, the guidance computer operates the drive means to move the mortar injection nozzle in the direction of withdrawing it from the hole when the injection pressure and injection speed of the sensor fall outside a preset threshold range, and stops the drive means and continues mortar injection at that position when the injection pressure and injection speed of the sensor fall within the threshold range.

3. The retrofit rock bolt installation device according to claim 1, wherein a mortar pump is positioned near the drilling device, and a mortar pumping hose extends from the discharge port of the mortar pump.

4. The retrofit lock bolt installation device according to claim 1, wherein the adapter plate is provided with a different structure corresponding to each model of the drilling device, and the rail member is fixed to the guide shell via the adapter plate that is suitable for the drilling device being used.

5. A rock bolt installation method using a retrofit rock bolt installation device that can be attached to a drilling device comprising a guide shell, a drifter provided to move back and forth along the guide shell, a drilling bit rod held by the drifter and forming a bore in the ground, a tip catcher that holds the drilling bit rod at the tip of the guide shell, and an intermediate receiver that holds the drilling bit rod at the intermediate part between the tip catcher and the drifter, wherein The installation process for a retrofit rock bolt construction device includes: replacing the aforementioned tip catcher with an openable tip catcher positioned at the tip of the guide shell, which can be switched between a state in which the tip holder, which can be opened and closed on both sides, is closed to hold the drilling bit rod, and a state in which the tip holder is expanded on both sides; replacing the aforementioned intermediate support with a foldable intermediate support positioned between the openable tip catcher and the drifter, which can be switched between a state in which the foldable intermediate holder is raised to hold the drilling bit rod, and a state in which the intermediate holder is tilted in the forward direction of the drifter; fixing a rail member extending along the guide shell via an adapter plate to the guide shell; providing an injection nozzle base equipped with a drive means that allows it to move back and forth along the rail member; attaching a mortar connecting pipe to which a mortar pumping hose is connected to the injection nozzle base; and fixing a mortar injection nozzle to the mortar connecting pipe, which can inject mortar into a bore formed in the ground with its tip inserted into the bore, A drilling process in which a bore is formed in the ground while applying rotational force, impact force, and thrust to the drilling bit rod by the drifter, The process of removing the drilling bit rod from the drifter, attaching a lock bolt insertion rod to the drifter, fitting the nut of a lock bolt with a flat washer and nut attached to its head into the nut fitting portion provided at the tip of the lock bolt insertion rod, and holding the lock bolt in the open / close tip catcher and the foldable intermediate receiver, The mortar injection process involves inserting the mortar injection nozzle into the hole and injecting mortar into the hole. A rock bolt installation method using a retrofit rock bolt installation device, characterized by comprising a rock bolt installation step of inserting the rock bolt into a mortar-injected bore while applying thrust with the drifter.

6. A method for installing a rock bolt using a retrofit rock bolt installation device according to claim 5, wherein, in the mortar injection step, when the tip of the mortar injection nozzle is inserted into the hole and mortar is injected, the injection pressure and injection speed of the mortar pumping hose are constantly measured, and when the injection pressure and injection speed fall outside a preset threshold range, the drive means is activated to move the mortar injection nozzle in the direction of withdrawing it from the hole, and thereafter, when the injection pressure and injection speed fall within the threshold range, the drive means is stopped and the mortar is injected at that position, and this operation is repeated.

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