Adaptive modular building system based on metal structures joined and tensilely compressed by steel cables

Abstract

The present invention provides a building system that can be assembled on-site and has structural panels capable of applying tensile and compressive forces. [Solution] A modular building system is provided, in which the metal structure 1 is composed of rectangular cross-section pipes 3 that define rectangular frames 4 that form individual panels, and the ends of the pipes of each frame protrude vertically and horizontally, and the ends of the pipes fit into the ends of the pipes of adjacent frames to form joints 6, thereby forming a continuous body, and a plurality of steel cables are installed vertically and horizontally inside the rectangular cross-section pipes of the rectangular frames to form a single tensile and compressed metal structure 7 having a plurality of frames, the pipes of the metal structure have a tensioner attached to one end and an anchor stop 9 for steel cables that penetrates the inside at the opposite end, the rectangular frames are provided with insulating plate material 10 arranged inside the frame of the rectangular frame, and optionally the surfaces of the individual panels 5 formed by the rectangular frames are covered.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001] [Field of the Invention] The field of the present invention relates to building systems for walls or ceilings, specifically to walls or ceilings composed of structural panels, and more specifically, the structural panels are joined and tension-compressed metal structures. [Background of the Invention] Various types of panels are known and are manufactured in various ways for various applications.

[0002] Dry building systems using gypsum boards are known for forming walls or finishing materials that provide good impact resistance and high load-bearing capacity for ceilings, walls, and internal partition walls. These boards have a core material of gypsum dihydrate, and the surface of the core material of gypsum dihydrate is covered with a sheet of resistant fiber cellulose paper and has a thickness of 10 mm to 20 mm.

[0003] This building system is a building form based on gypsum boards indoors and a building form using fiber cement boards outdoors. There are also variations that enable sound insulation, realizing a more comfortable environment and being suitable for music rooms, cinemas, and commercial facilities.

[0004] The gypsum boards in this building system mainly have the following characteristics. That is, the durability provided by the inherent hardness of gypsum and the strength of the cellulose coating, the heat insulation when using heat insulating materials such as glass wool or polystyrene for partition walls, cladding materials, or ceilings, and the flame retardancy resulting from the fact that the core material of the gypsum board is gypsum dihydrate. This gypsum dihydrate acts as a barrier and suppresses the spread of fire, thereby delaying the progress of the flame. These plates can be screwed or nailed to a frame composed of any material used as a support and are compatible with wooden, glass, and other frames.

[0005] Furthermore, there are moisture-proof gypsum board panels specifically designed for high-humidity environments such as kitchens, changing rooms, showers, or bathrooms. This building system allows for the creation of ceilings, wall coverings, and spatial partitions in houses, apartments, and offices using moisture-proof panels.

[0006] This building system can be used in a variety of projects and offers many advantages over conventional building methods. Its construction is simple and rapid, it provides a high level of comfort, and it can generally be adapted to any design.

[0007] One of its most important features is that it does not use water in the construction process. This makes the materials highly mobile, versatile, and clean. Because no water is used in construction, it is not susceptible to mold or pests.

[0008] Depending on the materials used, the panels in this building system provide both sound insulation and thermal insulation. Being made of gypsum board, it is an extremely lightweight building material, allowing for quick installation, minimal waste, and cost savings. The panels do not expand or contract with changes in humidity, can be used in high-temperature environments, and provide a rust-resistant structure. Furthermore, it facilitates electrical work, making it significantly simpler and faster than conventional masonry construction.

[0009] While this building system has advantages, it also has the following drawbacks: it requires a sole and stud profile structure where walls or partitions will be erected, and panels must be attached to it using fastening means. The various characteristics mean that different types of panels must be used depending on the application; the panels cannot withstand heavy loads, must be installed off the floor, and when panels are attached to both sides of the structure, a gap is created, and everything must be assembled on site.

[0010] There are building panels for constructing walls or roofs, which are typically made from expanded polystyrene (EPS) sheets, which are covered with smooth or corrugated steel sheets or electroplated galvanized steel sheets, or with a 55% aluminum and 45% zinc alloy that offers good corrosion resistance and heat reflectivity.

[0011] To form walls and ceilings, these panels typically have a folded edge on one side and a stepped edge on the other. This allows multiple panels to be joined together sequentially by partially overlapping the folded and stepped edges, and they can be secured to each other with adhesive and / or screws.

[0012] The unit dimensions of these planks will be determined by the size of the wall to be erected or the roof to be constructed. These panels are not structural, and even when multiple panels are combined, the resulting structure lacks tensile and compressive strength and load-bearing capacity.

[0013] Therefore, a building system is needed that has structural panels that can be assembled on-site and that can be subjected to tensile and compressive forces. This building system can be used to construct walls, roofs, and partition walls for houses, apartments, office warehouses, or commercial facilities.

[0014] In short, structural foam building panels are required, and the structure needs to be able to withstand tensile and compressive forces.

[0015] [Summary of the Invention] To overcome the shortcomings of conventional technology, we propose an adaptive modular building system based on metal structures joined and compressed using steel cables. In this system, The metal structure is composed of rectangular cross-section tubes that define the rectangular frames forming individual panels, with the ends of the tubes in each frame protruding vertically and horizontally, and the ends of the tubes fitting into the ends of the tubes in adjacent frames to form joints, thereby forming a continuous body. Multiple steel cables are mounted vertically and horizontally inside the rectangular cross-section tube of the rectangular frame, forming a single tensile and compressed metal structure with multiple frames. The metal structural tube has a tensioner attached to one end and an anchor stop for a steel cable that penetrates the interior at the opposite end. The rectangular frame comprises insulating plate material placed within the frame of the rectangular frame, The surfaces of individual panels, optionally formed by rectangular frames, are covered.

[0016] Preferably, the tensioner is attached to the end of the horizontal member of the metal structure, and the anchor stop is attached to the opposite end.

[0017] More preferably, the tensioner is attached to the end of the column of the metal structure, and the anchor stop is attached to the opposite end.

[0018] More preferably, the tensioner is a screw member having a locking mechanism that generates tension.

[0019] Essentially, the number of individual panels that make up a wall is four or less in a simple building system, and four or more in a double-decker building system and a complex building system.

[0020] Specifically, the steel cables penetrating the inside of the metal structure's pipes are subjected to compressive forces joining individual panels ranging from 980.7 N (100 kgf) to 3,432.3 N (350 kgf) per tensioner, and generate tensile and compressive forces of 1,961.3 N (200 kgf) to 6,864.7 N (700 kgf) per wall or ceiling.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the modular building system of the present invention comprises a plurality of metal structures joined together and tensioned to form a unified structure, and has structural panels composed of a plurality of individual panels that constitute walls or ceilings.

[0022] In a more preferred form, the plate material disposed within the rectangular frame provides sound insulation, heat insulation, or both sound insulation and heat insulation.

[0023] In a more preferred form, the plate material disposed within the rectangular frame is composed of a material selected from high-density foamed polyurethane foam, high-density polyethylene foam, silicone foam, polystyrene foam, sprayed cellulose, mineral wool, glass wool, cork, and combinations thereof.

[0024] Essentially, the plate material disposed within the rectangular frame is composed of a high-density foamed polyurethane plate.

[0025] In a preferred form, one surface of the individual panel formed by the rectangular frame is coated.

[0026] Alternatively, both surfaces of the individual panel formed by the rectangular frame are coated.

[0027] In many cases, the exterior material is selected from metal plates, wood, plastics, cement, and particularly combinations thereof.

[0028] In many cases, the interior material is selected from metal plates, gypsum, plastics, cement, and combinations thereof.

[0029] Particularly, the interior or exterior material is painted.

[0030] Specifically, the surface of the individual panel formed by the rectangular frame comprises a gypsum board on an additional support structure fixed to the metal structure of the panel.

[0031] Preferably, the gypsum board on the additional support structure fixed to the metal structure of the panel is painted.

[0032] More preferably, the metal structure is modularized in a range of 800 mm to 1,400 mm horizontally and 2,500 mm to 7,000 mm vertically, depending on the project requirements.

[0033] More preferably, the tensile-compressed individual panels are joined together at the corners of the building by being fixed to the corners of the floor surface using bolts or rigid anchors, and also by being fixed to the ceiling panels.

[0034] Preferably, the wall consists of a plurality of individual panels integrated horizontally using a simple tension system comprising up to two steel cables arranged parallel to each other within a horizontal member, the steel cables being tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and secured to a stop panel on the opposite side of the wall.

[0035] Typically, the first horizontal steel cable is positioned at the top of the panel, and the second horizontal steel cable is positioned 2,000 mm below the first horizontal steel cable.

[0036] Specifically, the structure includes a roof arranged in the direction of the ridge, composed of multiple individual panels, which are horizontally integrated using a simple tensioning system that includes up to four steel cables running parallel and vertically within horizontal members every 5 meters. The steel cables are tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and secured to a stop panel on the opposite side of the roof.

[0037] In particular, a simple tension system for single-story house construction has two steel cables arranged parallel to each other within the horizontal members for each wall or roof surface.

[0038] In a more specific configuration, two or more walls are composed of multiple individual panels, which are horizontally integrated in different planes using a composite tensioning system comprising up to two steel cables arranged parallel to each other within horizontal members, and furthermore, concrete is poured over the tensioning columns and fastening members of the walls and ceiling.

[0039] In many cases, two or more stacked walls consist of multiple individual panels, which are horizontally integrated using a double tensioning system with up to two steel cables running parallel within the horizontal members, and further, connections between vertically mounted walls are achieved using an additional vertical tensioning system with up to two steel cables running parallel within the columns. The steel cables are tensioned from one end of the adjustment panel and secured to the stop panel of the two or more stacked walls on the opposite side.

[0040] Essentially, two or more walls attached to the roof consist of multiple individual panels, which are horizontally integrated using a double tension system comprising up to two steel cables arranged parallel to each other within the horizontal members of the wall and roof, and further connecting the wall and roof using an additional vertical tension system comprising up to two steel cables arranged parallel to each other within the wall columns extending along the roof to the ridge. The steel cables are tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and secured to a stop panel at the ridge of the wall and roof on the opposite side. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0041] [Figure 1] This shows an inside view of a preferred embodiment of the adaptive modular building system based on metal structures joined and tensioned by steel cables of the present invention. Each metal structure consists of rectangular cross-section tubes and includes a plurality of individual panels, which are integrated and tensioned by steel cables arranged parallel to each other within horizontal members. The frame comprises insulating plate material, and the joined metal structures comprises cladding material. [Figure 2] This document shows details of the joints between rectangular cross-section pipes that play a role in forming the rectangular cross-section pipe structure of individual panels in the building system of the present invention. [Figure 3] This shows a preferred embodiment of a steel cable anchor attached to one end of a horizontal member of an adjustment panel in the building system of the present invention. [Figure 4] This shows a preferred embodiment of a steel cable tensioner attached to one end of a horizontal member of an adjustment panel in the building system of the present invention. [Figure 5] Figure 1 shows an external view of a preferred embodiment of a conformal modular building system based on metal structures joined and tensile-compressed by steel cables. The joined metal structures are fitted with corrugated metal sheet cladding. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0042] [Detailed description of the invention] To overcome the shortcomings of conventional technology, an adaptive modular building system is proposed based on a metal structure (1) joined and tensile-compressed by steel cables (2).

[0043] The metal structure (1) is composed of rectangular cross-section tubes (3) formed from metal plates, and the ends of the panels can be alternately fitted to the ends of adjacent panels, thereby forming joints (6) and creating a continuous body.

[0044] The number of tensioners (8) used in a metal structure (1) having multiple panels varies depending on the technical requirements. These metal structures (1) form a single structural panel using tensile and compressive techniques, and the final length of the structural panel depends, as necessary, on the number of joined and tensile-compressed metal structures.

[0045] In this method, the joining of multiple structures, such as two, three, or four metal structures, constitutes a structural panel for erecting walls or partitions, or for constructing a roof.

[0046] A wall or partition should be understood as a vertical structure made of any material used to divide or enclose an architectural space. A roof should be understood as a structural surface that encloses the upper part of a room or indoor space.

[0047] The metal structure (1) comprises plate materials (10) arranged within a frame using different types of insulating materials such as high-density foamed polyurethane foam, high-density polyethylene foam, silicone foam, polystyrene foam, sprayed cellulose, mineral wool, glass wool, cork, and combinations thereof, and depending on the purpose to be pursued, it provides either sound insulation, heat insulation, or both sound insulation and heat insulation.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the metal structure (1) forms a support for the panel, and the central portion of the panel, which is positioned within the frame by the structure, is made of a high-density foamed polyurethane board (10), and further comprises an exterior material (13) and an interior material (14) as needed.

[0049] On the other hand, the structural panel preferably comprises an exterior material (13) made from a metal plate, or a covering material selected according to the design and structure, such as wood, plastic, or cement, or a combination thereof. The exterior material (13) may be painted.

[0050] Similarly, the interior material (14) is selected from cement, plaster, plastic, metal sheet, and combinations thereof. In addition, the interior material (14) may be painted.

[0051] In another embodiment, the gypsum board can be mounted on an additional support structure (15) fixed to the metal structure (1) in the panel. Additionally, the exterior material (13) can be painted.

[0052] The metal structure (1) that constitutes the structural panel includes a tensioner (8), such as a screw member with a locking mechanism that generates tension, attached to the end of the horizontal member (11) of one side panel, and an anchor stop (9) for a steel cable that penetrates the inside of the horizontal member, connecting the central panel and the side panel, and applying compressive tension to the central panel and the side panel to form the metal structure (1).

[0053] Basically, the metal structure (1) can be made to any size depending on the building project. Preferably, the metal structure (1) is modularized in a range of approximately 1,020 mm horizontally and 2,500 mm to 7,000 mm vertically, depending on the project requirements.

[0054] In a simple tension system suitable for single-story houses, two tensioners (8) are used for each wall or partition. The tensioners (8) apply tension to one end from the adjustment panel and fix the steel cable to the stop panel at the other end of the wall, thereby integrating the panel horizontally. In this method, the first horizontal tensioner (8) is positioned at the top of the panel, and the second tensioner (8) is positioned approximately 2,000 mm below the first horizontal tensioner (8).

[0055] Typically, the number of panels joined by steel cables (2) to form walls or partitions is four or less in simple building systems, and four or more in double-decker and composite building systems. Each tensioner (8) is subjected to a compression ranging from 980.7 N (100 kgf) to 3,432.3 N (350 kgf), generating a tensile compression of 1,961.3 N (200 kgf) to 6,864.7 N (700 kgf) per wall or partition. This tensile compression joins the panels, eliminates the need for inter-panel anchors, and dramatically increases the load-bearing capacity of the wall.

[0056] The modular building system uses tension-compressed individual panels (5) that are joined together by tension compression, and the individual panels are fixed to the corners of the floor surface using bolts or rigid anchors at the corners of the building and to the ceiling panels to form the walls or ceilings of the house.

[0057] Specifically, the structural panels are fixed to the floor surface at the corners of the panels using bolts or rigid anchors. Tension walls are typically connected to each other by anchors at the corners of a building, both to the floor and to the ceiling panels.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, a simple tension system is used to form a wall or partition using a plurality of horizontally integrated individual panels (5), comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel within a horizontal member (11) for each wall or roof cladding. The steel cables are tensioned from one end of the wall or roof cladding. In particular, this simple tension system has up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel within a horizontal member (11) for each wall or roof surface for the construction of a single-story house. The steel cables (2) are tensioned from one end of the finishing panel and secured at the opposite end to a stop panel of the wall.

[0059] Similarly, in a roof arranged in the ridge direction, up to four tensioners (8) per 5 meters in length may be provided. It should be noted that the ridge is the upper line of the roof connecting one roof surface of a shed roof or two roof surfaces of a gable roof, and therefore constitutes a branching line for rainwater.

[0060] Specifically, the structure includes a roof arranged in the direction of the ridge, which is composed of multiple individual panels (5), and the multiple individual panels are horizontally integrated using a simple tension system that includes up to four steel cables running parallel and vertically within horizontal members (11) every 5 meters, where the steel cables (2) are tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and fixed to a stop panel on the opposite side of the roof.

[0061] In another preferred embodiment, a composite tensioning system can be used, in which tensioners (8) join two or more walls on different planes, and concrete is poured over tensioning posts in the walls and roof.

[0062] In a special manner, two or more walls are composed of multiple individual panels (5), which are horizontally integrated in different planes using a composite tension system comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel to each other within a horizontal member (11), and further concrete is poured over the tension columns and fasteners of the walls and ceiling.

[0063] In yet another preferred embodiment, a double tensioning system can be used to achieve connection between vertically mounted walls or to a ceiling extending to the ridge, by adding a vertical tensioning system to a simple horizontal tensioning system between wall or partition panels, thereby integrating the walls and / or ceiling via vertically positioned tensioners (8).

[0064] In this method, two or more stacked walls are composed of multiple individual panels (5), which are horizontally integrated using a double tension system comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel within a horizontal member (11), and further, connections between vertically mounted walls are achieved using an additional vertical tension system comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel within a column (12). The steel cables (2) are tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and secured to a stop panel of the stacked wall on the opposite side.

[0065] Similarly, two or more walls attached to a roof consist of a plurality of individual panels (5), which are horizontally integrated using a double tension system comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel to each other within the horizontal members (11) of the wall and roof, and further connection between the wall and the roof is achieved using an additional vertical tension system comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel to each other within the wall columns (12) that extend along the roof to the ridge. The steel cables (2) are tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and secured to a stop panel on the opposite side of the wall and the ridge of the roof.

Claims

1. A modular building system based on a metal structure (1) joined and tensilely compressed by steel cables (2), The metal structure (1) is composed of rectangular cross-section pipes (3) that define rectangular frames (4) forming individual panels (5), and the ends of the pipes in each frame protrude vertically and horizontally, and the ends of the pipes (3) fit into the ends of the pipes (3) in adjacent frames to form joints (6), thereby forming a continuous body. Multiple steel cables (2) are installed vertically and horizontally inside the rectangular cross-section tubes (3) of the rectangular frame (4), forming a single tensile and compressed metal structure (7) having multiple frames (4). The pipe of the metal structure (1) has a tensioner (8) attached to one end and an anchor stop (9) for the steel cable (2) that passes through the interior at the opposite end. The rectangular frame (4) comprises an insulating plate (10) placed within the frame of the rectangular frame (4), Optionally, the surface of the individual panel (5) formed by the rectangular frame (4) is covered, Modular building system.

2. The tensioner (8) is attached to the end of the horizontal member (11) of the metal structure (1), and the anchor stop (9) is attached to the opposite end, characterized in that The modular building system according to claim 1.

3. The tensioner (8) is attached to the end of the column (12) of the metal structure (1), and the anchor stop (9) is attached to the opposite end, characterized in that The modular building system according to claim 2.

4. The tensioner (8) is characterized by being a screw member having a locking mechanism for generating tension. The modular building system according to claim 2 or claim 3.

5. The number of individual panels (5) constituting the wall is four or less in a simple building system, and four or more in a double building system and a composite building system, characterized in that The modular building system according to claim 1.

6. The steel cable (2) that penetrates the inside of the pipe (3) of the metal structure (1) is characterized in that each tensioner (8) receives a compressive force to join the individual panels ranging from 980.7 N (100 kgf) to 3,432.3 N (350 kgf), and generates tensile compression of 1,961.3 N (200 kgf) to 6,864.7 N (700 kgf) for each wall or ceiling. The modular building system according to claim 5.

7. The structure is characterized by comprising a plurality of metal structures (1) that are joined together and subjected to tension to form a single unit, and having a structural panel composed of a plurality of individual panels (5) that constitute a wall or ceiling. The modular building system according to claim 1.

8. The plate material (10) placed within the rectangular frame (4) is characterized by providing sound insulation, heat insulation, or both sound insulation and heat insulation. The modular building system according to claim 1.

9. The plate material (10) placed within the rectangular frame (4) is characterized by being composed of a material selected from high-density foamed polyurethane foam, high-density polyethylene foam, silicone foam, polystyrene foam, sprayed cellulose, mineral wool, glass wool, cork, and combinations thereof. The modular building system according to claim 1.

10. The plate material (10) placed within the rectangular frame (4) is characterized in that it is made of a high-density foamed polyurethane plate. The modular building system according to claim 9.

11. One side of the individual panel (5) formed by the rectangular frame (4) is covered, The modular building system according to claim 1.

12. The individual panels (5) formed by the rectangular frame (4) are characterized in that both sides are covered. The modular building system according to claim 11.

13. The exterior material (13) is characterized by being selected from metal plates, wood, plastic, cement, and combinations thereof. The modular building system according to claim 11 or claim 12.

14. The interior material (14) is characterized by being selected from metal plates, gypsum, plastic, cement, and combinations thereof. The modular building system according to claim 11, 12, or 13.

15. The interior material or exterior material is characterized by being painted with paint. The modular building system according to claim 13 or 14.

16. The surface of the individual panel (5) formed by the rectangular frame (4) is characterized by having a gypsum board on an additional support structure (15) fixed to the metal structure (1) of the panel. The modular building system according to claim 11.

17. The gypsum board on the additional support structure (15) fixed to the metal structure (1) of the panel is characterized by being painted with paint. The modular building system according to claim 16.

18. The aforementioned metal structure (1) is characterized by being modularized in a range of 800 mm to 1,400 mm horizontally and 2,500 mm to 7,000 mm vertically, according to the requirements of the project. The modular building system according to claim 16.

19. The individual panels (5) that have been subjected to tensile compression are characterized in that they are fixed to the corners of the floor surface at the corners of the building using bolts or rigid anchors, and are also fixed to the ceiling panels, thereby being joined together. The modular building system according to claim 1.

20. The wall is composed of a plurality of individual panels (5) that are horizontally integrated using a simple tension system, each panel having up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel to the horizontal member (11), wherein tension is applied to the steel cables (2) from one end of an adjustment panel and fixed to a stop panel on the opposite side of the wall, The modular building system according to claim 1.

21. The first horizontal steel cable is positioned at the top of the panel, and the second horizontal steel cable is positioned 2,000 mm below the first horizontal steel cable, characterized in that The modular building system according to claim 20.

22. The roof is characterized by having a roof arranged in the direction of the ridge, composed of a plurality of individual panels (5), wherein the plurality of panels are horizontally integrated using a simple tension system that has up to four steel cables (2) in parallel and vertical directions within horizontal members (11) every 5 meters, and the steel cables (2) are tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and fixed to a stop panel on the opposite side of the roof. The modular building system according to claim 20.

23. The aforementioned simple tension system is characterized by having two steel cables (2) arranged parallel to each other within a horizontal member (11) for each wall or roof surface, for use in the construction of a single-story house. The modular building system according to claim 1.

24. The invention is characterized in that two or more walls are composed of multiple individual panels (5), the multiple individual panels are horizontally integrated in different planes using a composite tension system comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel to each other within a horizontal member (11), and furthermore, concrete is poured on top of the tension supports and fastening members of the walls and ceiling. The modular building system according to claim 1.

25. The invention is characterized in that two or more stacked walls are composed of a plurality of individual panels (5), the plurality of individual panels are horizontally integrated using a double tension system comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel within a horizontal member (11), and further, connections between vertically mounted walls are achieved using an additional vertical tension system comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel within a column (12), the steel cables (2) being tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and fixed to a stop panel of the stacked wall on the opposite side. The modular building system according to claim 1.

26. Two or more walls attached to a roof are composed of a plurality of individual panels (5), the plurality of individual panels are horizontally integrated using a double tension system comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel to each other within the horizontal members (11) of the wall and the roof, and further connection between the wall and the roof is achieved using an additional vertical tension system comprising up to two steel cables (2) arranged parallel to each other within the columns (12) of the wall extending along the roof to the ridge, the steel cables (2) being tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and fixed to a stop panel on the opposite side of the wall and the ridge of the roof. The modular building system according to claim 1.

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