Roof structures and methods for constructing roof structures

Abstract

By incorporating aesthetic appeal, space can be utilized effectively, improving constructability and reducing costs. [Solution] A roof structure is provided comprising a pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B that extend in the X direction along the horizontal direction and are spaced apart in the Y direction which is perpendicular to the X direction, and a plurality of sub-trusses 30 that extend in the Y direction and are spaced apart in the X direction and are arranged perpendicular to the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B, wherein a functional area R having the function of a roof structure is arranged between the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a roof structure and a method for constructing the roof structure.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, as a multi-purpose arena where various sports, concerts, and other various events can be held, those having a roof structure using truss beams are known. The roof structures in such arenas have various structural forms, and many of them adopt parallel chord trusses, two-way trusses, system trusses, etc. (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, conventionally, as shown in Patent Document 1, when constructing a roof structure adopted in an arena or the like as described above, it is necessary to plan considering many conditions. For example, it is necessary to consider the height limit of the building and the effective height of the arena surface. At that time, it is necessary to consider the construction methods and design properties related to the arrangement of equipment such as lighting, air conditioning ducts, emergency facilities, event suspension facilities, etc., and the center vision and catwalk (working passageway). In addition, while considering the above construction methods and design properties, it is necessary to plan to simultaneously satisfy the improvement of the cost of the roof structure, the manufacturability and constructability of the roof structure. Therefore, it is difficult to satisfy all these conditions, and there is room for improvement in this regard.

[0005] This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a roof structure and a method for constructing a roof structure that can effectively utilize space, improve constructability, and reduce costs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] (1) Embodiment 1 of the roof structure according to the present invention comprises a pair of keel trusses extending in a first direction along the horizontal direction and spaced apart in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of subtrusses extending in the second direction and spaced apart in the first direction and spaced perpendicular to the pair of keel trusses, wherein a functional area having the function of a roof structure is arranged between the pair of keel trusses.

[0007] According to the roof structure of the present invention, a functional area is positioned between a pair of keel trusses that constitute a part of the roof structure. Therefore, the functional area can be positioned by effectively utilizing the space in which multiple subtrusses are positioned, and the functional area can be effectively positioned in relation to, for example, the height restrictions of the building or the effective height of the field if the building is an arena, and the space can be effectively utilized while maintaining aesthetic appeal. For example, equipment such as lighting, air conditioning ducts, emergency equipment, event suspension equipment, and work walkways can be efficiently positioned in the functional area, and the aesthetic appeal can also be improved because the functional area can be positioned without protruding below the subtrusses.

[0008] Furthermore, in this invention, the number of subtrusses connected to a pair of keel trusses can be increased or decreased according to the size of the roof structure, thereby ensuring sufficient structural strength of the roof. This enhances the safety of the roof structure. Furthermore, in this invention, subtrusses can be efficiently arranged relative to a pair of keel trusses, thereby reducing the cost of components and construction expenses. Moreover, since these pair of keel trusses and multiple subtrusses can be integrated and lifted together, for example by ground assembly, the manufacturability and constructability of the roof structure can be improved.

[0009] (2) In embodiment 2 of the present invention, in the roof structure of embodiment 1, it is preferable that the functional area extends in the first direction and is arranged between the diagonal members constituting the subtruss.

[0010] In this case, the functional area can pass between the diagonal members of the subtruss, allowing it to be installed without protruding downwards from the underside of the subtruss, thus enhancing its aesthetic appeal.

[0011] (3) A third aspect of the present invention is a roof structure according to aspect 1 or aspect 2, wherein the pair of keel trusses are positioned in the center of the entire roof in the second direction, and single roofing materials made of H-shaped steel extending in the second direction are connected to both sides of the pair of keel trusses.

[0012] In this case, a pair of keel trusses and multiple sub-trusses are positioned in the center of the roofing material in the second direction, and the roofing material is supported by the keel trusses. This results in a good balance of structural strength for the roof structure, making it possible to achieve a structure with excellent seismic performance.

[0013] (4) Aspect 4 of the present invention is a roof structure in any one of aspects 1 to 3, wherein a center vision is provided in the functional area, and the center vision is preferably positioned between adjacent subtrusses in the first direction.

[0014] In this case, a large center vision screen can be placed and housed in the functional area between multiple subtrusses. Therefore, for example, when using the center vision screen, by suspending the center vision screen housed in the functional area below the subtrusses, the center vision screen can be positioned in a location that is easily visible from the spectator seats below the roof structure.

[0015] (5) Aspect 5 of the present invention is a method for constructing any one of aspects 1 to 4 of the present invention, characterized by comprising the steps of: assembling the roof structure on the ground, in which the functional area is incorporated into the subtruss between the pair of keel trusses; installing support columns in the central part of the entire roof in the second direction on the ground; lifting the roof structure; and supporting the keel truss and the subtruss on the support columns.

[0016] According to the method for constructing a roof structure of the present invention, after assembling a roof structure on the ground in which a functional area is incorporated into a subtruss between a pair of keel trusses, a support column is installed in the second central part of the entire roof above ground, the roof structure is lifted, and the keel truss and subtruss are supported by the support column, thereby enabling efficient construction of the roof structure. In this case, the functional area is positioned between a pair of keel trusses that constitute part of the roof structure. Therefore, the functional area can be positioned by effectively utilizing the space where multiple subtrusses are located. For example, the functional area can be effectively positioned in relation to the height restrictions of the building or the effective height of the field if the building is an arena, and the space can be effectively utilized while maintaining aesthetic appeal. For example, equipment such as lighting, air conditioning ducts, emergency equipment, event suspension equipment, and work walkways can be efficiently positioned in the functional area, and the aesthetic appeal can be improved because the functional area can be positioned without protruding below the subtrusses.

[0017] In addition, in the present invention, the number of sub-trusses connected to a pair of keel trusses can be increased or decreased according to the size of the roof structure, and sufficient structural strength of the roof can be ensured. Therefore, the safety as a roof structure can be enhanced. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the sub-trusses can be efficiently arranged with respect to a pair of keel trusses, the cost of members and the construction cost can be reduced. Moreover, since these a pair of keel trusses and a plurality of sub-trusses can be integrated and lifted by, for example, ground framing, the manufacturability and constructability of the roof structure can be improved.

Effects of the Invention

[0018] According to the roof structure and the method for constructing the roof structure of the present invention, the space can be effectively utilized with a design property, and the constructability can be improved and the cost can be reduced.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] [Figure 1] It is a longitudinal sectional view of an arena provided with a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a side view of a part of the arena seen from the Y direction. [Figure 3] It is a side view of a part of the arena seen from the Y direction. [Figure 4] It is a plan view of the roof structure.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0020] Hereinafter, a roof structure and a method for constructing the roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

[0021] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the roof structure 1 of the present embodiment is the roof structure of the arena 100 which is a building. The arena 100 includes at least the roof structure 1, the lower structure 2, and the outer peripheral structure 5. The arena 100 is configured such that, for example, a field 101 or the like is provided at the central portion, and seats 102 are installed around the field 101. The seats 102 are provided at a position higher than the field 101.

[0022] The outer peripheral structure 5 forms the outer peripheral wall of the arena 100 and includes a part of the lower structure 2 (the outer peripheral side columns 21 described later) in the present embodiment. The roof structure 1 forms the roof portion of the arena 100 and is connected to the uppermost part of the outer peripheral structure 5. The lower structure 2 is disposed inside the outer peripheral structure 5.

[0023] As shown in FIG. 4, the arena 100 is substantially rectangular in plan view. Here, in plan view, the horizontal direction along one side of the outer shape of the arena 100 is defined as the X direction (first direction), and the direction orthogonal to the X direction among the horizontal directions is defined as the Y direction (second direction). The central side (field side) in plan view is defined as the inner side, the side opposite to the central side is defined as the outer side, and the direction connecting the inner side and the outer side is defined as the inner-outer direction. The X direction is the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 1 and the left-right direction of the paper surface in FIG. 2. The Y direction is the left-right direction of the paper surface in FIG. 1 and the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 2. The vertical direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction is defined as the Z direction.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 1, the lower structure 2 includes a lower structure body 20 and has a stepped floor portion 25 for forming a spectator seat on the upper part of the lower structure body 20. The lower structure body 20 is circumferentially arranged on the outer periphery of the field 101 in plan view.

[0025] The lower structure body 20 has a plurality of columns 21, a plurality of beams 22, and a plurality of raker beams 23.

[0026] The columns 21 are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the field 101. The length of the columns 21 arranged on the outer peripheral side is longer than the length of the columns 21 arranged on the inner peripheral side. The beam 22 connects adjacent columns 21. The columns 21 and beam 22 are constructed, for example, from precast reinforced concrete.

[0027] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the Raker beam 23 connects the upper ends of adjacent columns 21 in the inward and outward directions. The Raker beam 23 is inclined so as it gradually slopes upward towards the outside. The Raker beam 23 is constructed, for example, of steel.

[0028] The lower structure 20 is sloped such that its height gradually increases from the inside to the outside. A reinforced concrete deck 24 is installed on the outermost perimeter. The deck 24 is arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1, the stepped floor section 25 is constructed by arranging perforated PC panels in a staircase-like manner. The stepped floor section 25 is supported by the lower structure 20.

[0030] As shown in Figure 1, roof structure 1 is the roof structure of arena 100. Roof structure 1 covers the field 101 and the seats 102. Roof structure 1 is joined and supported to the upper ends of substructure 2 and outer perimeter structure 5. The roof structure 1 comprises a keel truss 10, a subtruss 30, and roofing material 40.

[0031] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the keel truss 10 extends along the horizontal X direction. The keel truss 10 is composed of a pair of first keel trusses 10A and second keel trusses 10B that are spaced apart and parallel to each other in the Y direction, which is perpendicular to the X direction in the horizontal direction. The pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B are located in the center of the entire roof in the Y direction.

[0032] The keel truss 10 includes an upper chord 11, a lower chord 12, and a plurality of diagonal members 13 and a plurality of vertical members 14 stretched between the upper chord 11 and the lower chord 12. In this embodiment, the upper chord 11, lower chord 12, diagonal members 13 and vertical members 14 are made of readily available materials such as H-shaped steel or steel pipes. The maximum truss depth H1 of the keel truss 10 is, for example, about 9 m. The support members 14 extend along the vertical direction (Z direction) and are provided in multiples at intervals in the X direction. A single diagonal member 13 is placed between adjacent support members 14 in the X direction.

[0033] The pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B have both ends 10a in the X direction connected to the upper part of the outer perimeter structure 5, and the roof material 40 is supported by the upper chord member 11. The upper end of the subtruss 30 in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) is connected to the upper part of the stud member 14 of the keel truss 10.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1, a functional area R, which functions as a roof structure, is positioned between the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B. The functional area R is an area for arranging work walkways 61, suspension equipment 62 for suspending members and equipment used in the arena 100, or air conditioning ducts 63, etc., and extends along the X direction between the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B. Other functions of the functional area R include cable wiring, lighting equipment, emergency equipment, etc., but it may have other functions.

[0035] The subtruss 30 extends in the Y direction along the horizontal direction. Multiple subtrusses 30 are provided, spaced apart in the X direction and positioned perpendicular to the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B. These multiple subtrusses 30 are positioned in the center of the entire roof in the Y direction between the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B.

[0036] As shown in Figure 1, the subtruss 30 has an upper chord 31, a lower chord 32, and a plurality of diagonal members 33 and a plurality of vertical members 34 stretched between the upper chord 31 and the lower chord 32. In this embodiment, the upper chord 31, lower chord 32, diagonal members 33 and vertical members 34 are made of readily available materials such as H-shaped steel or steel pipes. The truss depth H2 of the subtruss 30 is, for example, about 4.5 m. In the subtruss 30, the truss depth is constant throughout the entire longitudinal direction (Y direction). The support members 34 extend along the vertical direction (Z direction) and are provided in multiples at intervals in the Y direction. A single diagonal member 33 is placed between adjacent support members 34 in the Y direction. In this embodiment, the truss depth is kept constant, but it may be changed as needed.

[0037] Multiple subtrusses 30 are connected at both ends 30a in the Y direction to the upper part of the truss members 14 of the keel truss 10, and the roofing material 40 is fixed and supported by the upper chord member 31. Specifically, the ends of the upper chord members 31 of the subtrusses 30 are connected to the upper chord members 11 of the keel truss 10. The ends of the lower chord members 32 of the subtrusses 30 are connected to approximately the midpoint in the length direction of the truss members 14 of the keel truss 10.

[0038] An intermediate horizontal member 35 extending along the Y direction is provided between the upper chord member 31 and the lower chord member 32 of the subtruss 30. Both ends of the intermediate horizontal member 35 in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) are connected to the bundle members 14 of the keel truss 10. The intermediate horizontal member 35 forms part of the functional area R. In this embodiment, the areas above and below the intermediate horizontal member 35 are considered the functional area R. That is, the functional area R, which is located between the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B described above, extends in the X direction and is located between the diagonal members 33 that constitute the subtruss 30. For example, in the functional area R, the work passage 61 and the suspension equipment 62 are located in the area between the lower chord member 32 and the intermediate horizontal member 35. The air conditioning duct 63 is located in the area between the upper chord member 31 and the intermediate horizontal member 35.

[0039] Furthermore, a center vision 60 consisting of a large monitor is provided in the functional area R. The center vision 60 is positioned between adjacent subtrusses 30, 30 in the X direction.

[0040] The roofing material 40 comprises a plurality of secondary beams 41 (single members) made of H-shaped steel extending in the Y direction. The secondary beams 41 are positioned on both sides in the Y direction of a pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B and are connected to these keel trusses 10A and 10B. These plurality of secondary beams 41 are spaced apart in the X direction. The roofing material 40 is also provided with a number of beam members (not shown) that connect the secondary beams 41 to each other and to each other of the subtrusses 30. The beam members are spaced apart in the Y direction and extend in the X direction.

[0041] The outer perimeter structure 5 is arranged along the outer perimeter of the arena 100 and supports the roof structure 1 and the substructure 2. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the outer perimeter structure 5 is arranged along the sides of a roughly rectangular shape in plan view. The outer perimeter structure 5 is composed of outer perimeter unit members 51 that are aligned along each side of a roughly rectangular shape in plan view.

[0042] Next, the method for constructing the roof structure 1 of this embodiment will be described. As shown in Figure 1, first, the roof structure 1 is assembled on the ground. At this time, the functional area R (work passageway 61, suspension equipment 62, air conditioning duct 63, and center vision 60, etc.) is incorporated into the subtruss 30 between the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B. Roof finishing work can also be carried out at this time.

[0043] Next, temporary support columns 70 (shown as the dashed lines in Figure 1) are installed in the center of the entire roof in the Y direction above ground level. The support columns 70 are erected upward from the floor portion located in the field 101. The support columns 70 are installed to support both ends of the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B in the X direction from below during the construction of the roof structure 1.

[0044] Next, the keel truss 10 and the roof structure 1, which has been pre-assembled on the ground with the functional area section R incorporated into the subtruss 30, are lifted using cranes (not shown). That is, the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B and the multiple subtrusses 30 are lifted together with the roofing material 40. Then, the keel truss 10 and the subtrusses 30 are supported by the support columns 70. At this time, the functional area section R is lifted simultaneously with the lifting of the subtrusses 30, and the functional area section R is positioned in its predetermined location by supporting the roof structure 1 on the outer perimeter structure 5.

[0045] Subsequently, the outer perimeter structure 5 is constructed and connected to the roof structure 1. This transitions the roof structure 1 from being supported by the support columns 70 to being supported by the outer perimeter structure 5. Next, the support columns 70 are removed.

[0046] The functional area R may be installed after the keel truss 10 and sub-truss 30 have been lifted onto the roof and fixed in place.

[0047] In this way, the roof structure 1 and the outer perimeter structure 5 can be constructed.

[0048] Next, the operation of the roof structure 1 and the construction method for the roof structure 1 described above will be explained in detail based on Figures 1 to 3. The roof structure 1 according to this embodiment includes a pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B that extend in the X direction along the horizontal direction and are spaced apart in the Y direction which is perpendicular to the X direction, and a plurality of sub-trusses 30 that extend in the Y direction and are spaced apart in the X direction and are arranged perpendicular to the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B. A functional area R having the function of a roof structure is arranged between the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B. Furthermore, the method for constructing the roof structure 1 according to this embodiment includes the steps of: assembling the roof structure 1 on the ground, which incorporates a functional area R into a subtruss 30 between a pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B; installing support columns 70 at the center of the entire roof in the Y direction on the ground; lifting the roof structure 1; and supporting the keel trusses 10A and 10B and the subtruss 30 on the support columns 70.

[0049] In this embodiment, after assembling the roof structure 1, which incorporates a functional area R in a subtruss 30 between a pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B, on the ground, a support column is installed in the center of the entire roof in the Y direction on the ground, the roof structure 1 is lifted, and the keel trusses 10A and 10B and the subtruss 30 are supported by the support column 70, thereby enabling efficient construction of the roof structure 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, a functional area R is positioned between a pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B that constitute a part of the roof structure. Therefore, the functional area R can be positioned by effectively utilizing the space where multiple subtrusses 30 are positioned. For example, the functional area R can be effectively positioned in relation to the height restrictions of the building or the effective height of the field 101 when the building is an arena 100, and the space can be effectively utilized while maintaining aesthetic appeal. In other words, equipment such as lighting, air conditioning ducts, emergency equipment, event suspension equipment, and work walkways can be efficiently positioned in the functional area R, and the aesthetic appeal can be improved because the functional area R can be positioned without protruding below the subtrusses 30. For example, by planning a highly flexible catwalk in the functional area R, it is possible to accommodate a wide variety of events.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of subtrusses 30 connected to the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B can be increased or decreased according to the size of the roof structure 1, thereby ensuring sufficient structural strength of the roof. As a result, the safety of the roof structure 1 can be enhanced. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the subtrusses 30 can be efficiently arranged relative to the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B, thereby reducing the cost of the components and construction costs. Moreover, since these pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B and the multiple subtrusses 30 can be integrated and lifted together, for example by ground assembly, the manufacturability and constructability of the roof structure can be improved.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the functional area R extends in the X direction and is positioned between the diagonal members that constitute the subtruss 30. By configuring it in this way, the functional area R can pass between the diagonal members 33 of the subtruss 30, so that the functional area R can be installed without protruding downward from the lower surface 30b of the subtruss 30, thereby improving the aesthetic appearance.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B are positioned in the center of the entire roof in the Y direction, and single roofing materials 40 made of H-shaped steel extending in the Y direction are connected to both sides of the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B. With this configuration, a pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B and multiple sub-trusses 30 are positioned in the center of the roof material 40 in the Y direction, and the roof material 40 is supported by the upper chord members 11 of the keel trusses 10A and 10B. As a result, the structural balance of the roof structure 1 is good, and a structure with excellent seismic performance can be realized.

[0054] In this embodiment, a center vision 60 is provided in the functional area R. The center vision 60 is positioned between adjacent subtrusses 30 in the X direction. This configuration allows a large center vision 60 to be placed and housed in the functional area R between multiple subtrusses 30. Therefore, when using the center vision 60, for example, by suspending the center vision 60 housed in the functional area R below the subtrusses 30, the center vision 60 can be positioned in a location that is easily visible from the spectator seats below the roof structure 1.

[0055] As described above, the roof structure 1 and the method for constructing the roof structure 1 according to this embodiment allow for effective use of space while maintaining aesthetic appeal, and improve constructability and reduce costs.

[0056] The embodiments of the roof structure and the method for constructing the roof structure according to the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0057] For example, the planar shape of the roof structure 1 in the above embodiment is substantially the same as that of the arena 100, and is substantially rectangular in plan view, but it may be other shapes. For example, it may be circular, elliptical, polygonal, or the like in plan view.

[0058] Furthermore, the building subject is not limited to the arena 100 as in this embodiment; it may be other buildings such as a large gymnasium or event facility without spectator seating.

[0059] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the functional area R extends in the X direction and is positioned between the diagonal members 33 that constitute the subtruss 30. However, the functional area R is not limited to being positioned between the diagonal members 33; it is sufficient for the functional area R to be positioned between the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the roof structure 1 is configured such that a pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B are positioned in the center of the entire roof in the Y direction, and single roofing materials 40 made of H-shaped steel extending in the Y direction are connected to both sides of the pair of keel trusses 10A and 10B, but the configuration is not limited to this.

[0061] Furthermore, although a center vision 60 is provided in the functional area R between adjacent subtrusses 30 in the X direction, the center vision 60 can be omitted.

[0062] Furthermore, it is possible to replace the components in the above-described embodiments with well-known components as appropriate, without departing from the spirit of the present invention. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0063] 1. Roof structure 2 Substructure 5 Peripheral structure 10, 10A, 10B Keel Truss 20 Substructure 30 Subtruss 33 Diagonal members 35 Intermediate horizontal members 40 Roofing materials 60 Center Vision 61 Work passage 62 Lifting equipment 63 Air conditioning ducts 70 Support column 100 Arenas 101 Fields R Functional area

Claims

1. A pair of keel trusses extending in a first direction along the horizontal and spaced apart in a second direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction, It comprises a plurality of subtrusses that extend in the second direction and are spaced apart in the first direction and arranged perpendicular to the pair of keel trusses, A roof structure characterized in that a functional area having the function of a roof structure is arranged between the pair of keel trusses.

2. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the functional area extends in the first direction and is arranged between the diagonal members constituting the subtruss.

3. The pair of keel trusses are positioned in the center of the entire roof in the second direction. The roof structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a single roofing material made of H-shaped steel extending in the second direction is connected to both sides of the pair of keel trusses.

4. The aforementioned functional area is provided with a center vision, The roof structure according to claim 3, wherein the center vision is positioned between adjacent subtrusses in the first direction.

5. A method for constructing a roof structure according to claim 1, The process of assembling the roof structure on the ground, which incorporates the functional area into the subtruss between the pair of keel trusses, The process of installing a support column in the central part of the entire roof in the second direction above ground, The process of lifting the aforementioned roof structure, The steps include supporting the keel truss and the sub-truss on the support columns, A method for constructing a roof structure, characterized by having [a certain feature].

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