Assembly blocks for structures

Abstract

The present invention provides an assembly block that can prevent gaps from forming between assembly blocks when they are connected to construct a structure. [Solution] The assembly blocks 10-13 are rectangular parallelepiped-shaped assembly blocks 10-13 for constructing a structure 1 by combining multiple blocks. They are provided with dowel holes 21 formed on the top and bottom surfaces for connecting adjacent assembly blocks 10-13 in the vertical direction with dowels 31, and side vertical grooves 23 formed on the side surfaces that penetrate vertically for connecting adjacent assembly blocks 10-13 in the horizontal direction with joints 35,36. The opposing side vertical grooves 23 of adjacent assembly blocks 10-13 in the horizontal direction combine to form a combined vertical hole that penetrates the assembly blocks 10-13 vertically. By inserting joints 35,36 into the combined vertical hole, adjacent assembly blocks 10-13 in the horizontal direction are connected.

Description

Technical Field

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[0001] The present invention relates to an assembly block for constructing a structure.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, there have been provided assembly blocks that can be connected and assembled to construct structures such as house walls, fences, and furniture. For example, it is disclosed in Patent Document 1 below. In Patent Document 1, it is disclosed that a fence wall is constructed by combining blocks formed using wood such as thinned wood, and the blocks are connected in the vertical and horizontal directions using bolts and bolt holes.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Here, when assembling while connecting the assembly blocks in the vertical and horizontal directions, gaps may occur between the assembly blocks due to manufacturing errors, construction errors, etc. In the case of an outdoor fence, there is no problem even if there are some gaps between the assembly blocks, but in the case of a structure that requires airtightness, such as a house wall, it is necessary to prevent large gaps from occurring between the assembly blocks.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and relates to an assembly block capable of preventing the occurrence of gaps between assembly blocks when constructing a structure by connecting them.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an assembly block in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped for constructing a structure by combining multiple such blocks, characterized in that it comprises dowel holes formed on the upper and lower surfaces for connecting adjacent assembly blocks in the vertical direction with dowels, and side vertical grooves formed on the side surface that penetrate vertically for connecting adjacent assembly blocks in the horizontal direction with a tongue and groove, wherein opposing side vertical grooves of adjacent assembly blocks in the horizontal direction combine to form a combined vertical hole that penetrates the assembly block vertically, and the adjacent assembly blocks in the horizontal direction are connected by inserting the tongue and groove into the combined vertical hole. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, the assembly blocks are connected by joining the vertical grooves on the sides of adjacent assembly blocks in the horizontal direction, thereby preventing gaps from forming between the assembly blocks. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows the configuration of a B24 type assembly block according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 2 shows the configuration of a B14 type assembly block according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] Figure 3 shows the configuration of a B12 type assembly block according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] Figure 4 shows the configuration of a B11 type assembly block according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] Figure 5 shows the configuration of a dowel according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] Figure 6 shows the configuration of a drum-shaped fruit according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a front view of a part of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 7. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in Figure 7. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the CC line in Figure 7. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] The following describes the assembly blocks according to the embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the construction of a wall for a house or the like will be described using four types of assembly blocks 10 to 13 and connecting members 30, namely dowels 31 and two types of tongue and groove joints 35 and 36, as an example.

[0010] The assembly blocks 10 to 13 are blocks made of rectangular parallelepiped CLT (cross-laminated timber). In this embodiment, four types are used as standard wall products: B24 type assembly block 10 (see Figure 1), B14 type assembly block 11 (see Figure 2), B12 type assembly block 12 (see Figure 3), and B11 type assembly block 13 (see Figure 4).

[0011] In Figures 1 to 4, Figures 1 to 4(a) are perspective views, Figures 1 to 4(b) are plan views, Figures 1 to 4(c) are first side views, and Figures 1 to 4(d) are second side views. For assembly blocks 10 to 12, the first side view is a side view of the side including the longitudinal edge in a plan view, and the second side view is a side view of the side including the short edge in a plan view. For assembly block 13, the first side view is a side view of two opposing sides on one side, and the second side view is a side view of two opposing sides on the other side.

[0012] Here, the structure of assembly blocks 10-13 is symmetrical with respect to all three bisecting planes that divide assembly blocks 10-13 in half: the vertical plane that bisects the shorter side in a plan view, the vertical plane that bisects the longer side in a plan view, and the horizontal plane that bisects the vertical side in the vertical direction. Therefore, the shapes of the six surfaces of assembly blocks 10-13 are identical for parallel, opposing planes. Although not shown in the illustration, the corners of assembly blocks 10-13 are chamfered.

[0013] Moreover, the B14 type assembly block 11 has a structure obtained by dividing the B24 type assembly block 10 by a vertical plane that bisects the short sides of the upper and lower surfaces. When two B14 type assembly blocks 11 are combined by bringing their longitudinal side surfaces into contact, the structure becomes the same as that of the B24 type assembly block 10.

[0014] Also, the B12 type assembly block 12 has a structure obtained by dividing the B14 type assembly block 11 by a vertical plane that bisects the long sides of the upper and lower surfaces. When two B12 type assembly blocks 12 are combined by bringing their short side surfaces into contact, the structure becomes the same as that of the B12 type assembly block 12.

[0015] Furthermore, when two structures formed by combining these two B12 type assembly blocks 12 are combined by bringing their longitudinal side surfaces into contact, the structure becomes the same as that of one B24 type assembly block 10. That is, by combining four B12 type assembly blocks 12, a structure having the same structure as the B24 type assembly block 10 can also be formed.

[0016] The assembly blocks 10 to 13 are formed with a through vertical hole 20 that penetrates in the vertical direction, dowel holes 21 formed on the upper and lower surfaces, a side longitudinal concave groove 23 formed to extend over the entire vertical direction on the side surface, and a handle hole 25 formed on the side surface. ​​​​​​Since a drum-shaped core (stalk) 35, which will be described later, may be inserted into the through vertical hole 20, the horizontal cross-sectional shape thereof is such that a total of eight right-angled triangles of the same shape are arranged outside each side of the square so that the drum-shaped core 35 can be inserted well regardless of its orientation (see the enlarged view of the through vertical hole 20 in Fig. 3(a)). The right-angled triangles have their bases on each side of the square and the length is half of each side. Two right-angled triangles are arranged on each side so as not to overlap, and the sides perpendicular to the bases are located on the extension lines of each side of the square at the four corners of the square.

[0019] The dowel hole 21 is a shallow square-column-shaped hole for connecting the adjacent assembly blocks 10 to 13 in the vertical direction with dowels 31, and is formed at eight positions each on the upper and lower surfaces of the B24-type assembly block 10, four positions each on the upper and lower surfaces of the B14-type assembly block 11, two positions each on the upper and lower surfaces of the B12-type assembly block 12, and one position each on the upper and lower surfaces of the B11-type assembly block 13.

[0020] The shape of the dowel hole 21 in plan view is square, and the formation positions of the dowel hole 21 are the same on the upper and lower surfaces of the assembly blocks 10 to 13. Also, as described above, the B14-type assembly block 11 is obtained by dividing the B24-type assembly block 10 into two in the vertical plane, and the B12-type assembly block 12 is obtained by dividing the B24-type assembly block 10 into four in the vertical plane.

[0021] Therefore, not only when stacking the same type of assembly blocks 10 to 13, but also when stacking different types of assembly blocks 10 to 13, the positions of the dowel holes 21 can be made the same on the lower and upper surfaces of the adjacent assembly blocks 10 to 12 in the vertical direction, and the dowel holes 21 are configured to be aligned in the same position in plan view from the upper stage to the lower stage.

[0022] At the center of each dowel hole 21, a bolt hole 22 is formed that penetrates the assembly blocks 10-13 vertically. The bolt hole 22 is elongated and cylindrical in shape. After stacking the assembly blocks 10-13 to construct the structure, a long bolt (not shown) is inserted from the top to the bottom of the bolt hole 22, which runs from the top to the bottom, and fastened in a way that pulls the upper and lower assembly blocks 10-13 together, thereby firmly connecting the stacked assembly blocks 10-13.

[0023] Furthermore, even when a dowel 31 is inserted into a dowel hole 21, a bolt hole 32 is similarly formed in the center of the dowel 31, as will be described later, and it is possible to fasten the assembly blocks 10 to 13 from the upper to the lower section using long bolts, even in the location where the dowel 31 is inserted.

[0024] The side longitudinal grooves 23 are grooves for connecting adjacent assembly blocks 10-13 in the lateral direction with drum-shaped grooves 35, 36, and are formed extending along the entire lengthwise direction on the side surfaces of assembly blocks 10-13. Each assembly block 10-13 has side longitudinal grooves 23 formed on all sides so that it can be connected in the lateral direction on all sides.

[0025] The side vertical grooves 23 are configured such that when two assembly blocks 10-13 are placed side by side and connected in the horizontal direction, the respective side vertical grooves 23 come together to form a single vertically elongated, roughly rectangular prism-shaped through-connection hole.

[0026] The shape of the side vertical grooves 23 is such that they are connected by drum-shaped joints 35 and 36, with the horizontal cross-section being a trapezoid (with the longer side as the lower base and the shorter side as the upper base) and the entrance as the upper base. Therefore, when the opposing side vertical grooves 23 of adjacent assembly blocks 10 to 13 are joined together, the joined vertical hole will have a horizontal cross-sectional shape that is a drum shape formed by the joining of two trapezoids with a common upper base, and will be approximately the same shape as the drum-shaped joints 35 and 36.

[0027] The gripping holes 25 are shallow, rectangular holes formed on the sides of the assembly blocks 10-13, with two holes each in the upper and lower sections between the vertical grooves 23 on the sides. At the four corners of the assembly blocks 10-13, half-sized gripping holes 25 are formed at the ends of the perpendicular sides.

[0028] The gripping holes 25 function as holes for gripping when carrying the assembly blocks 10-13, and also contribute to making the assembly blocks 10-13 lighter and improving their design.

[0029] Next, the sizes of the assembly blocks 10 to 13 in this embodiment will be described. Of course, the sizes can be changed as appropriate, and the shapes of the assembly blocks 10 to 13 can also be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0030] The B24 type assembly block 10 has a long side of 600 mm, a short side of 300 mm, and a height of 210 mm, and weighs 14.6 kg. The B14 type assembly block 11 has a long side of 600 mm, a short side of 150 mm, and a height of 210 mm. As described above, when two B14 type assembly blocks 11 are placed side by side along the short side, they have the same structure as the B24 type assembly block 10.

[0031] The B12 type assembly block 12 has a long side of 300 mm, a short side of 150 mm, and a height of 210 mm, and weighs 3.6 kg. As mentioned above, when two B12 type assembly blocks 12 are placed side by side along the long side, they have the same structure as the B14 type assembly block 11. The B11 type assembly block 13 has a long side of 150 mm, a short side of 150 mm, and a height of 210 mm, and weighs 1.8 kg.

[0032] The through vertical hole 20 has a central square with sides of 45 mm, a surrounding right triangle with a base length of 22.5 mm and a height of 4.5 mm. The dowel hole 21 has a square with sides of 45 mm. The side vertical groove 23 is a trapezoid with a lower base of 54 mm, an upper base of 45 mm, and a height of 22.5 mm. The handgrip hole 25 is a rectangular prism-shaped hole with a width of 45 mm, a height of 30 mm, and a depth of 22.5 mm in parts other than the four corners, with the corner parts being half that size.

[0033] Next, we will describe the connecting member 30 used to connect adjacent assembly blocks 10 to 13 when assembling the assembly blocks 10 to 13. The dowel (D1 type) 31 is a member used to connect vertically adjacent assembly blocks 10 to 13, and is shaped like a rectangular prism. When connecting the assembly blocks 10 to 13, the upper half of the dowel 31 is inserted into the dowel hole 21 on the lower surface of the upper assembly block 10, and the lower half of the dowel 31 is inserted into the dowel hole 21 on the upper surface of the lower assembly block 10.

[0034] A bolt hole 32 is formed through the central axis of the dowel 31. The shape of the bolt hole 32 is the same as the bolt hole 22 of the assembly block 10. After the structure 1 is constructed, the bolt holes 22 and 32 are connected from the top to the bottom of the structure 1, making it possible to fasten the assembly blocks 10 to 13 vertically using the long bolts described above. Regarding the size of the dowel 31, the horizontal cross-section is a square with sides of 45 mm and a height of 54 mm.

[0035] Furthermore, even if gaps occur between adjacent assembly blocks 10-13 in the vertical direction due to manufacturing or construction errors, the weight of the stacked assembly blocks 10-13 suppresses the occurrence of errors in the vertical direction. Therefore, by using adhesive on the joint surfaces in the vertical direction, the occurrence of gaps can be prevented.

[0036] Furthermore, by using the bolt holes 22 and 32 described above to pull the vertical assembly blocks 10 to 13 together and fasten them with long bolts, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of gaps between the vertical assembly blocks 10 to 13.

[0037] The drum-shaped joints 35 and 36 have a drum-shaped prism cross-section formed by combining two trapezoids, and are a type of joint known as a chigiri or shikiri. The drum-shaped joints 35 and 36 are members used to connect adjacent assembly blocks 10 to 13 in the horizontal direction. When connecting the assembly blocks 10 to 13, the drum-shaped joints 35 and 36 are inserted vertically into the combined vertical holes formed by the merging of the vertical recessed grooves 2 and 3 on the sides of adjacent assembly blocks 10 to 13.

[0038] At this time, one side of the two trapezoidal shapes 35 and 36, which are equally divided by the vertical plane that forms the boundary between them, is inserted into the vertical groove 23 on the side of one assembly block 10 to 13, and the other side is inserted into the vertical groove 23 on the side of the other assembly block 10 to 13.

[0039] Once the drum-shaped joints 35 and 36 are inserted into the connecting vertical holes, the drum-shaped joints 35 and 36 cannot be removed from the side vertical grooves 23 in the lateral direction (horizontally) because the inner part (upper part) of the side vertical groove 23 is wider than the entrance part (lower part). Therefore, the two assembly blocks 10 to 13 do not separate relative to each other and are firmly connected.

[0040] In this way, by connecting horizontally adjacent assembly blocks 10 to 13 with drum-shaped joints 35 and 36 that are inserted into the vertical grooves 23 on the sides of both blocks, even if a gap occurs between horizontally adjacent assembly blocks 10 to 13, this gap can be reliably sealed by the drum-shaped joints 35 and 36.

[0041] Two types of drum-shaped joints, T1-type drum-shaped joint 35 and T2-type drum-shaped joint 36, are available. The dimensions of the drum-shaped joints 35 and 36 are as follows: the trapezoidal cross-section has a lower base of 54 mm, an upper base of 45 mm, and a height of 22.5 mm. The length of the T1-type drum-shaped joint 35 is 105 mm, which is half the height of assembly blocks 10-13, while the length of the T2-type drum-shaped joint 36 is 210 mm, which is the same as the height of assembly blocks 10-13.

[0042] The above describes the configuration of the assembly blocks 10-13 and connecting members 30 that make up structure 1. Next, the configuration of the structural part 1 constructed from the assembly blocks 10-13 will be described. The assembly blocks 10-13 are small and light enough for one person to easily carry, and when constructing structure 1, the necessary types and number of assembly blocks 10-13 are brought to the site and the assembly work is carried out.

[0043] In this embodiment, we will describe the case in which a wall of a house or the like is constructed as a structure. Figures 7 to 10 show the configuration of a part of the wall. Structure 1 is assembled by connecting B24 type assembly blocks 10 with connecting members 30. When connecting the B24 type assembly blocks 10 in the horizontal direction, drum-shaped joints 35 and 36 are inserted into the connecting vertical holes of the side vertical recessed grooves 23, and when connecting the B24 type assembly blocks 10 in the vertical direction, dowels 31 are inserted into dowel holes 21 to connect them.

[0044] In structure 1, B24 type assembly blocks 10 are stacked on the lower and upper levels, offsetting them by half a block to the left and right. Therefore, at the end of the wall (the right end in Figure 7), B12 type assembly blocks 12, which are half the length of B24 type assembly blocks 10, are placed every other level in order to align the ends. In Figure 7, B12 type assembly blocks 12 are placed at the right end of the second and fourth levels from the bottom.

[0045] Although not shown in the diagram, regarding the drum-shaped joints 35 and 36, the lower half of the vertical hole formed by the side vertical groove 23 of the bottom B24 type assembly block 10 and the upper half of the vertical hole formed by the side vertical groove 23 of the top B24 type assembly block 10 are fitted with short T1 type drum-shaped joints 36, while the long T2 type drum-shaped joints 35 are fitted in all other parts.

[0046] In other words, the lower half of the T2-type drum-shaped joint 35 is inserted into the vertical joint hole of the lower B24-type assembly block 10 (B12-type assembly block 12), and the upper half is inserted into the vertical joint hole of the upper B24-type assembly block 10 (B12-type assembly block 12).

[0047] Therefore, the T2-type drum-shaped joint 35 not only connects adjacent B24-type assembly blocks 10 (B12-type assembly blocks 12) in the horizontal direction, but also connects adjacent B24-type assembly blocks 10 (B12-type assembly blocks 12) in the vertical direction.

[0048] Furthermore, since the B24 type assembly block 10 is offset by half a block to the left and right for each layer, the joining vertical holes formed by the side vertical grooves 23 of a certain layer will not be located above or below the joining vertical holes of the upper and lower layers, but the through vertical holes 20 will be located there.

[0049] As described above, since the through vertical hole 20 is shaped to allow the insertion of the drum-shaped joints 35 and 36, the upper half of the T2-type drum-shaped joint 35, with its lower half inserted into a combined vertical hole in a certain section, will be inserted into the upper through vertical hole 20, and the lower half of the T2-type drum-shaped joint 35, with its upper half inserted into a combined vertical hole in a certain section, will be inserted into the lower through vertical hole 20.

[0050] Of the sides of the B24 type assembly block 10, including the longitudinal edges, the side longitudinal grooves 23 that are exposed on the surface of the structure 1 are not used for connection, and therefore drum-shaped grooves 35 and 36 are not inserted. Furthermore, since the side longitudinal grooves 23 are formed continuously from the top end to the bottom end of the structure 1, if the structure 1 is a wall of a house, these side longitudinal grooves 23 located on the inside of the wall can also be used as grooves for passing electrical wiring, etc.

[0051] After stacking the assembly blocks 10-13, the upper and lower assembly blocks 10-13 can be firmly connected by using long bolts (not shown) to fasten them together using dowel holes 21 and bolt holes 32 of dowels 31, which penetrate from the upper end to the lower layer of structure 1, thereby preventing gaps from forming in the vertical direction.

[0052] Furthermore, the fastening of structure 1 to the concrete foundation can be achieved, for example, by inserting grip anchors or chemical anchors (registered trademarks) into holes drilled in the concrete foundation and connecting the long bolts mentioned above to them.

[0053] As described in detail above, according to this embodiment, in the lateral connection of assembly blocks 10 to 13, the side longitudinal grooves 23 formed on adjacent assembly blocks 10 to 13 are connected by drum-shaped joints 35 and 36, thereby preventing the occurrence of gaps between the laterally connected assembly blocks 10 to 13 and enabling the construction of a good structure 1.

[0054] Furthermore, the assembly blocks 10-13 are small and light enough for one person to easily carry, making it possible for a single person to construct structures such as the exterior walls of houses, which previously required the work of multiple people. In addition, because the short side of the B24 type assembly block 10 is 300 mm thick, when the B24 type assembly block 10 is used as the exterior wall of a house, the insulation performance that was previously achieved with glass wool can be achieved with the wood (CLT) B24 type assembly block 10, resulting in an environmentally friendly construction method.

[0055] Furthermore, the sizes of the assembly blocks 10-13 and connecting members 30 are the same as those used in conventional wooden construction methods, and conventional products such as metal fittings can be used as they are.

[0056] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to those described above, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the material, shape, and size of the assembly blocks and connecting members can be changed as appropriate. In the above embodiments, the joint is drum-shaped, but it may also be rectangular, in which case the horizontal cross-section of the side longitudinal groove will not be trapezoidal, but will be a rectangle or square to match the joint. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0057] 1 structure 10 B24 type assembly blocks 11 B14 type assembly block 12 B12 type assembly blocks 13 B11 type assembly blocks 20 Through vertical holes 21 dowel holes 22 bolt holes 23 Side longitudinal grooves 25 Handhold holes 30 Connecting member 31 Dovetail (D1 type) 32 bolt holes 35 T1 type drum-shaped actual 36 T2 type drum-shaped real

Claims

1. In a rectangular prism-shaped assembly block used to construct a structure by combining multiple blocks, In order to connect adjacent assembly blocks in the vertical direction with dowels, dowel holes are formed on the upper and lower surfaces, In order to connect adjacent assembly blocks in the horizontal direction with a joint, the assembly blocks are provided with a side vertical groove formed to penetrate vertically on the side surface, wherein the opposing side vertical grooves of adjacent assembly blocks in the horizontal direction combine to form a combined vertical hole that penetrates the assembly block vertically, An assembly block characterized in that the joint is inserted into the combined vertical hole, thereby connecting adjacent assembly blocks in the horizontal direction.

2. The assembly block according to claim 1, characterized in that the assembly block has a structure that is symmetrical with respect to two bisecting vertical planes.

3. The assembly block according to claim 1, characterized in that a bolt hole penetrating vertically is formed in the center of the dowel hole.

4. In a structure comprising a rectangular parallelepiped assembly block, a dowel for connecting the assembly blocks, and a joint for connecting the assembly blocks, The aforementioned assembly block is In order to connect using the aforementioned dowels, dowel holes are formed on the upper and lower surfaces, A structure characterized by comprising: a side vertical groove formed to penetrate vertically on the side surface in order to connect by the aforementioned means, wherein the opposing side vertical grooves of the assembly blocks adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction combine to form a combined vertical hole that penetrates the assembly block vertically.

5. The aforementioned fruit is drum-shaped, The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the side longitudinal groove has a trapezoidal horizontal cross-sectional shape with the entrance as the upper base and the back as the lower base.

6. The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the aforementioned part extends and is inserted into the vertical grooves on the sides of both of the vertically adjacent assembly blocks, and the vertically adjacent assembly blocks are also connected.

7. The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that bolt holes penetrating in the vertical direction are formed in the central axis of the dowel and the dowel hole, and a plurality of the assembly blocks can be pulled together in the vertical direction and connected by long bolts.

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