Multi-beam wireless power transmission system

Abstract

To provide a safe multi-beam wireless power transmission system and method. [Solution] A method for ensuring the safety of a system that transmits wireless power from multiple sources to multiple receivers, despite the possibility that the intersection of two beams in the transmission space may generate a power level or power density level exceeding the level for which the system's safety mechanism was designed to operate. The beam paths are known from the transmission location and direction, and from the location and orientation of the receiver Rx, as measured by a positioning device on it. When an intersection 47 or near-intersection of beams 43, 44 is determined, the system triggers to reduce safety risks by attenuating, turning off, or deflecting one or more of the beams. In addition, since the paths of reflected beams 39, 40 are not readily identifiable, the system determines whether one of the beams has been reflected by looking for a displayed mirror image.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power transmission of beams that impart energy to a remote receiver, and more particularly, to the safe operation of such a system that transmits multiple beams.

Background Art

[0002] Prior art related to wireless power transmission using collimated electro-optical beams mostly focuses on transmitting a single beam from a single number of sources to a single target. Although there may be multiple targets in the environment, the system is configured to transmit to a single target at any given time and then can transmit to other targets at different times.

[0003] International Application No. PCT / IL2016 / 050927, published as Patent Document 1 and having the same inventors as the present application, describes a power transmission system from one or more transmitters to one or more receivers. In that publication, aspects of system safety are largely limited to the issue of the safe level of charging of the receiver battery.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a multi-beam wireless power transmission system that overcomes at least some of the drawbacks of prior art systems and methods by considering the safety of a system involved in simultaneously propagating multiple beams to multiple target receivers. [[ID=...]]

[0005] The most commonly used wireless power transmission systems are based on optical laser transmission, but the same problems occur with other forms of wireless transmission such as phased array RF transmission or ultrasonic beam transmission.

[0006] Each disclosure of a publication referred to in this section and other sections of this specification is, The whole is incorporated here by reference. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2017 / 033192 [Overview of the project]

[0008] The system described herein consists of multiple separate and normally collimated or nearly collimated beams. A single blast is emitted, usually directed towards one or more separate targets within a receiver. It consists of numerous emitters within the transmission unit, while different targets within the same receiver The energy being delivered is typically added together and sent as a single output to the client device. The target is generally a photovoltaic cell that converts light power into electrical power. In this case, it is preferable to use two sources separately, for example, when dealing with a large number of transfers. If it is necessary to control the function, or if a different voltage is required, When one source is used for battery charging and the other source is used for circuit power supply, For the purpose of reducing potential safety limitations in any beam, or for any other reason by.

[0009] Each different beam has a beam steering mechanism that covers the volume to which the beam can be directed. It is directed in different directions by Joule. Its volume is typically conical or pyramidal. It is a dimensional volume, or some other divergent 3D volume. The beam may be used to deliver power. The spatial region, up to its limits, is called the field of view or FOV.

[0010] It is preferable that the field of view (FOV) of each beam overlaps with the FOV of the other beam, and those two beams Using this, a certain amount of increased power can be supplied to a qualified receiver. Alternatively, sys You may use different FOVs to increase the overall FOV of the system.

[0011] The system of this disclosure also positions two or more transmitters such that their fields of view (FOV) overlap. They may be arranged in the same way. Such a configuration also has the same advantages and problems as the multi-beam system configuration. ru.

[0012] Once the beam is directed at the target, if safety measures allow, the beam's power can be increased. This allows for the delivery of a certain increased amount of power. The receiver can transmit more than one It may have a target. The target is the region into which the beam is intended to enter.

[0013] The beam is typically emitted from a laser or other beam-generating source inside the transmitter unit. Other types of collimated or nearly collimated beams may also be used. The shape and size of the target should preferably not be larger than the target within the desired range. The operation is to form, or to form spots that are large or not so large. Therefore, the receiver can absorb most of the power. The transmitted beam power is , attenuated by the control of the beam source, and similarly in the beam source, or mechanically Alternatively, it can be turned off by using an electro-optical shutter.

[0014] The beam is controlled by a beam steering element such as a movable or scanning mirror or an acoustic-optical reflector. The element is used to be directed towards the target. Then, the beam travels through the space towards the target and crosses optical components such as a dust-proof window on its way out from the transmitter. It is advantageous to select a wavelength with low attenuation in the environment. Then, the beam reaches the receiver front window. The receiver front window can be coated with an anti-reflection (AR) coating, but no significant reflection from the front window will occur. Such reflection can occur because the beam may strike the receiver from different directions such that it is not operating with its optimal effect, or the AR coating may be damaged or incomplete, or the front surface may be dirty, such as being contaminated by dust or splash liquid. Typically, a small portion of the beam is then reflected peripherally by the front surface of the receiver, and typically most of the beam can be absorbed by the receiver and converted into electrical energy. In the environment, it is advantageous to select a wavelength with low attenuation. Then, the beam reaches the receiver front window. The receiver front window can be coated with an anti-reflection (AR) coating, but no significant reflection from the front window will occur. Such reflection can occur because the beam may strike the receiver from different directions such that it is not operating with its optimal effect, or the AR coating may be damaged or incomplete, or the front surface may be dirty, such as being contaminated by dust or splash liquid. Typically, a small portion of the beam is then reflected peripherally by the front surface of the receiver, and typically most of the beam can be absorbed by the receiver and converted into electrical energy. Typically, a small portion of the beam is then reflected peripherally by the front surface of the receiver, and typically most of the beam can be absorbed by the receiver and converted into electrical energy. Typically, a small portion of the beam is then reflected peripherally by the front surface of the receiver, and typically most of the beam can be absorbed by the receiver and converted into electrical energy. Typically, a small portion of the beam is then reflected peripherally by the front surface of the receiver, and typically most of the beam can be absorbed by the receiver and converted into electrical energy. Typically, a small portion of the beam is then reflected peripherally by the front surface of the receiver, and typically most of the beam can be absorbed by the receiver and converted into electrical energy.

[0015] Typically, the power from multiple absorber targets in the receiver is combined into a single electrical output of a single voltage. Typically, the power from multiple absorber targets in the receiver is combined into a single electrical output of a single voltage.

[0016] Unlike prior art single-beam systems or prior art fixed systems where all reflections are known and controlled, when there are multiple beams propagating in the same space and the target can move freely, as in the case of a system for providing wireless power to a mobile phone indoors, there are many additional risks arising from the presence of multiple beams, which can pose further difficulties in constructing a safe and efficient working system. Unlike prior art single-beam systems or prior art fixed systems where all reflections are known and controlled, when there are multiple beams propagating in the same space and the target can move freely, as in the case of a system for providing wireless power to a mobile phone indoors, there are many additional risks arising from the presence of multiple beams, which can pose further difficulties in constructing a safe and efficient working system. Unlike prior art single-beam systems or prior art fixed systems where all reflections are known and controlled, when there are multiple beams propagating in the same space and the target can move freely, as in the case of a system for providing wireless power to a mobile phone indoors, there are many additional risks arising from the presence of multiple beams, which can pose further difficulties in constructing a safe and efficient working system. Unlike prior art single-beam systems or prior art fixed systems where all reflections are known and controlled, when there are multiple beams propagating in the same space and the target can move freely, as in the case of a system for providing wireless power to a mobile phone indoors, there are many additional risks arising from the presence of multiple beams, which can pose further difficulties in constructing a safe and efficient working system. Unlike prior art single-beam systems or prior art fixed systems where all reflections are known and controlled, when there are multiple beams propagating in the same space and the target can move freely, as in the case of a system for providing wireless power to a mobile phone indoors, there are many additional risks arising from the presence of multiple beams, which can pose further difficulties in constructing a safe and efficient working system.

[0017] Intersection of beams

[0018] Specifically, new risks arise when multiple beams are freely directed within the same space. One of these new risks is that at any point where the propagating beams intersect, the beam pattern The problem is that the wattage increases. Prior technology safety systems typically involve a specific beam... The concern is whether or not it is safe. In this case, the dangerous area is in the form of the beam trajectory, and If an object such as a person or pet approaches the line, the safety system will take appropriate action to prevent such intrusion. Respond in a manner that ensures a response. When multiple beams are present, for humans and pets There are beam intersections where the risk of collisions can generally be higher. Such intersections occur in 2 If two or, in very rare cases, more than two transmission beams intersect each other, or if the receiver receives a signal from the receiver, If two (or more) beams are emitted and intersect, or if a reflected beam intersects with a transmitted beam, This is the case.

[0019] When such two beams intersect, even if the power lost from each individual beam is small However, exposure may exceed the values ​​designed for a single system and surpass safety limits. Note: While it should be done, different safety systems may look for different parameters that determine safety. Furthermore, several parameters, such as beam diameter, affect the position of the beam at different locations. Since this can be known, the safety system will cover power loss, power loss per unit area, and cover A portion of the area being covered, a portion of the power being covered, or many other similar parameters This can be based on one of the following: For example, the safety limit for each beam is E(mW) of exposure safety. When set to full level, the safety system prevents exposure to E(mW) from the beam. If designed to be so, at the intersection of the two beams, a person or pet, Exposure of up to 2E(mW) occurs. This exceeds the required safety level.

[0020] The system described herein can calculate and measure the transmission and reflection beams within the system. Therefore, the intersection between the beams can be analyzed, and if necessary, any of the subsequent steps The risks can also be reduced.

[0021] The system described herein also detects such intersections and estimates the associated risks. It also provides a way to take action to avoid it.

[0022] The system described here also provides an easy-to-implement method for determining such risks.

[0023] The system described here also provides numerous methods for determining the relative positions of different systems.

[0024] The system described herein includes the beam start point and related components of the system in a common coordinate system. The beam direction can be determined.

[0025] The system disclosed herein provides an isolation system for other beams in the vicinity, i.e., within or near the field of view. It is possible to determine the direction of reflection in space.

[0026] The system described here also communicates with nearby systems or external systems, and the nearby system And in particular, the relative position and / or orientation of the beam is determined, and the relative position and / or orientation is determined by the other It can be transmitted to the system or the external system.

[0027] Multiple receivers in this system have an orientation, identification ID, and a corresponding receiver. It can communicate the ID of the transmission beam that is being powered.

[0028] After sharing this information, at least one of the systems will receive the power beam and receiver from Calculate a "risk map" of potential intersections with reflections and determine if there are points where the risk increases. To decide whether or not to proceed. If such risks are found, and as an option, After estimating the total available power, safety information is exchanged between different safety systems. And, or at least one beam is moved or its power is reduced or s The game will be turned off.

[0029] The location and orientation of these sources, as well as the continuously variable location and orientation of the receiver, and furthermore Once the direction of reflection from these beams is known, the two beams or their reflections intersect. The problem of determining the situation and issuing warnings can be addressed. A separate beam saw to a single transmitter. Two or more transmission beams from the source are considered. Each beam is directed towards a different target. The relative geometric positions of the two sources are known from the manufacture of the transmitter unit, and The position and orientation of the target are determined by the compass / accelerometer MEMS device described below. Since they are sequentially known from the electronic modules associated with the target, each The three-dimensional coordinate representation of the beam is also known. Based on the industry-wide known three-dimensional Euclidean geometry. By using widely available geometric algorithms, the two transmission beams can be connected to a ter Whether or not it intersects at a predetermined point along the trajectory to Get, or whether it has a skewed trajectory, It is possible to reliably determine whether or not they intersect.

[0030] An alternative way to determine whether an intersection occurs is that if the two lines intersect, they form a common plane. This is based on the observation that they must exist within the common plane. Conversely, the two lines must exist within the common plane. If it can be determined then, under the conditions that the incidents are not simultaneous or are not parallel, the intersection It is necessary. The novel method of this disclosure uses the following algorithm to enable two beams Determine whether there is an intersection, or at least it approaches an intersection. A set of planes is one The beam is rotated in an increasing manner around its orbit, and consequently the common rotation of the plane that has been rotated in an increasing manner. The axis is positioned. Subsequently, the second beam is positioned at the minimum distance from the first beam that has been determined in advance. Within the separation, it is determined whether or not one of these progressively rotated planes is passed through. If these beams exceed the limit, they are considered to have an intersection or near-intersection, and the laser safety To ensure safety, for example, at least one laser power of the beam may be shut down. The risk can be reduced by mitigating or diverting one of the beams. Appropriate action needs to be taken.

[0031] In practice, this method is formed by the first beam and at least one point on the second beam. This can be done by calculating the plane. This point is typically the beam origin or These points could be the target, because they are the most well-known and easiest to calculate. Yes. And, if another point on the second beam is close to the first beam axis, typically a few millimeters. If the distance is within a certain radius or within a few radii of the beam, the possibility of intersection is high, and as described above, such intersection Further actions may be needed to mitigate the risks. On the other hand, on the plane of the second beam When the nearest point is farther away, it typically exceeds several millimeters, and the calculation error margin is If the beam exceeds a certain radius, or exceeds a certain limit, the potential for initial risk is low.

[0032] The advantage of this method is that both beams are in front of a receiver with more than one target. If reflected by a single flat surface such as a surface, the original beam does not intersect. Therefore, the reflections will not intersect. In such cases, the orientation of the receiver is determined, or the direction of the reflections. There is no need to calculate the direction. This is because of the reflection from one beam and the reflection from the other beam. This is because the intersection with reflection can also be ignored, and even if beam intrusion occurs, the transmission beam from the first side can be ignored. As a result of being exposed to the beam and then to the reflected beam from the second side, the effects of the beam do not accumulate. Therefore.

[0033] This procedure is computationally faster than calculating the reflection direction, which is involved in determining the direction of the associated receiver. Furthermore, safety estimations for all receivers with multiple targets and a single flat incidence window. This can be obtained.

[0034] If the two beams are diverging from these sources, the initial risk potential is also low. This is considered an initial risk potential and does not trigger a safety warning event. On the other hand, the beam converges If they are also on the same plane, the system will have at least one beam's power and direction , or change other beam parameters (e.g., duty cycle), or two different By combining data from individual safety systems, actions can be taken in the indicated cross-events. This will involve either implementing the strictest possible standards.

[0035] This rapid evaluation procedure involves the two beams substantially intersecting each other (this is because both beams (This also means the beam is in the same plane) and the beam is attenuated, off, or shifted. It can be responded to by...

[0036] Alternatives to beam attenuation, off-beam, or shift beams combine risk estimates from both safety systems. By combining these two safety systems, the aim is to make them more sensitive and, ultimately, to maintain the safety of the system. That is the case.

[0037] If the beams are not on the same plane or are not converged, the receiver orientation is determined, and the receiver The position of the truing device is determined, and the reflection of the beam from the front surface is calculated. Actions to mitigate risk when a reflection intersects with or passes near another beam. It will be taken.

[0038] Such actions combine data from both safety systems and the systems of both parties This could involve estimating the combined risks from the system. This is typically done by beams. This provides a high-sensitivity threshold for turning it off.

[0039] Alternatively, at least one of the beams is power-reduced or position-shifted.

[0040] In many situations, if the system has more than two beams, the desired It is preferable to use two beams of different types to perform the action.

[0041] Definition of beam trajectory

[0042] If each target and each beam has identity, i.e., an ID, then other components in the system Since the component can detect the ID, the system can determine the source and of each beam. The target can be determined. The receiver's ID code is identifiable by the transmitter. This is usually done by sending a code to the transmitter, but beam reflection detection In relation to the output, pattern identification such as the patterns described below, or barcodes, also serve as IDs. It can be used in this way.

[0043] The system uses this data to identify the starting point and the target, which can also be the point where the beam is reflected. The point is determined. Each beam starts from the transmitter and heads towards the receiver, but the receiver determines A certain amount of power reflection can occur, depending on its structure and orientation.

[0044] The system determines the reflection characteristics of the beam based at least partially on the receiver's ID. This characteristic refers to how much is reflected, at what angle it is reflected relative to the beam, and It diverges to a certain extent, and includes other characteristics, characterizing not only the transmission beam but also the reflected beam. It gets kicked.

[0045] At least several positions, IDs, and relative directions of the beam emitter and receiver Therefore, at least one detection system should exist. The receiver and transmitter should have gravity detection capabilities. An orientation detector may be provided, which includes an accelerometer indicating the direction of use and / or a compass indicating magnetic north. Alternative implementation examples include (a) mechanical connection to a device whose location is known, and (b) the component A camera that determines the orientation, direction, or distance of other components in one of the components, (c) The distance and orientation are determined by analyzing the reflection from the diffraction grating of the component. (d) Determine the relative position of the component based on an analysis of the positions of surrounding objects. (e) use of GPS, (f) position and RF or sound reflections from components that may be used to determine orientation, and (g) This includes determining the receiver's position by triangulation from at least two beam sources.

[0046] The beam module calculates the vector from itself to a known receiver and then sends it to another beam module. By subtracting the vector from the beam module to the receiver, the other beam module The relative position of the other beam module can be detected from the first target. When supplying power to different targets at known distances apart, the vector is added to the calculation. Such situations, for example, facilitate an increase in FOV or an increase in power, by using more than one t This can occur when a receiver is equipped with a GET.

[0047] The beam module receives that position from a second system that already has that position. This also allows for the detection of the relative positions of other beam modules.

[0048] Another method for fixing the position of one laser system relative to the other is a rigid mechanical retainer. The two systems are mechanically connected using the distance between the two beam modules and The goal is to ensure orientation. Such mechanical connections are made between two or more beam modules. When this happens, and when information regarding the direction of laser oscillation between the modules is transmitted, the system The system calculates the trajectory of the beams and prevents them from intersecting each other. can.

[0049] Similarly, a method for fixing the position of one target relative to the other is a rigid mechanical retainer. Using this method, two targets are mechanically connected, and the relative distance between the two targets is... The goal is to ensure orientation. When such mechanical connections are made between two or more targets... If the relative orientation of the surfaces causing the convergence and reflection is known, and the incoming beam If the direction is known, the direction of the reflection can be predicted, and such reflection may be related to other reflected beams or transmission beams. It becomes possible to respond when it intersects with the frame.

[0050] Alternatively, a flexible receiver with more than one target, the relative position between those targets It may have a sensor that allows for the determination and transmission of the location.

[0051] One way to determine the reflective surface of different targets is to use a common reflector, typically an integrated one. It has a modified front window.

[0052] control unit

[0053] The control unit is affected by any of the beams from the intermediate surface, or by beams passing in close proximity to each other. Two beams, or a transmission beam and a reflected beam passing in close proximity to each other, or to each other Action to resolve the problem in response to reflected and transmitted beams passing in close proximity. It is configured to take such an action, which reduces the power of one or more of the transmission beams. Alternatively, completely turning off the beam, or directing one or more of the beams in a different direction, By reducing the radiance of one or more of the beams, or by, for example, sounding an alarm signal This may include prompting the user to take action.

[0054] Alternatively, the control unit could, for example, turn off or divert the beam. By tightening the thresholds for safety actions, combinations from different beams The safety system may be operated in a manner that takes into account the potential risks involved. If the two beams do not intersect, the safety system will block 5% of the beams. While it sometimes responds, if the beams intersect, the safety threshold is two of either beams. It can be changed by up to 0.5%.

[0055] It is necessary to have a communication channel that allows the relevant data to reach the point where the decision is made. There is. Data regarding the starting point position, target, and receiver orientation is received. There needs to be another control point in the system. The transmission beam and, if possible, The direction of the reflected beam is calculated in at least a few directions, and if a problem is detected, it is then addressed accordingly. Actions are taken to resolve the problem using the decisions made. The control points are This may be distributed across several systems and across multiple locations within a system. The key points are the subsystems used in the power transmission equipment, both beam systems, and It communicates data with at least some of the receivers.

[0056] reflective surface

[0057] Other hazards that may exist in any of the beam transmission systems include unintended consequences in one of the beam paths. The presence of an unintended reflective surface. Reflections from such an unintended intervening reflective surface are installed. This could pose a risk to the user because it may not be taken into account by the safety system. To overcome this problem, this system detects such reflective surfaces in the beam path. It is possible to turn off the beam, reduce its power, or change its direction. It is adapted to allow for additional reflection. As an alternative or in addition, the system is adapted to allow for additional reflection. The altered trajectory of the reflected beam is protected by enhanced safety system standards. To make it a reality, it can also be configured to impose strict safety standards. The safety system also If reflection from the receiver's front surface is detected, a warning will be issued and then action will be taken. It is also possible.

[0058] The presence of a reflection at a mirror somewhere along one of the trajectories of the beam indicates that the beam This can be easily confirmed by examining the image of the target viewed along the same trajectory the beam was aimed at. It is possible to do so. The target image is advantageous because it is targeted in order to give that image. Low-power beam source, such as a scanning device that can scan a beam It can be obtained by using it. For the target, in the case of a 2D barcode... As shown above, asymmetric patterns whose shape is known or whose shape can be verified by an algorithm A mirror is installed. The pattern is affected by at least one mirror surface or improper rotational operation. It should not be identical to itself, preferably any rotation and movement operation and Asymmetrical or symmetrical patterns having symmetry that involves an odd number of mirror operations. It will be a misalignment.

[0059] The scanned image of the object, or the received beam shape, is the shape of the object itself or the shape of the beam. When the shape of each transmitted beam exhibits the same symmetry, mirror reflection occurs along the trajectory. It may not be. This is a conditional statement. An even number of mirrors will result in a false shadow. This is because while a positive result can occur, noise in the measurement channel can produce a false positive result. On the other hand, if the scanned image exhibits symmetry opposite to that of the object, this is because the image path is This indicates that the signal was reflected within the receiver, and consequently the transmission beam received the same reflection. The receiver then receives the signal. Detects the shape and determines whether it is a mirror image or not, or some other unit that determines that. Send related information about the kit.

[0060] Such patterns may consist of shapes, points, or distinguishable components. The distinction between turns is based on these positions, relative positions, responses (e.g., reflection, colored reflection, tinted reflection). Electronic response, flashing, RF transmission, movement, vibration, reflective properties, fluorescence, or detectable outside the receiver. This is done via any other response.

[0061] As an alternative to asymmetrical patterns, a barcode or 2D barcode can be used to determine whether the order is right-to-left or left-to-right. You can also use a barcode. If the trajectory is not subject to mirror reflection, the barcode is intended It will be read with the correct code. On the other hand, if the trajectory is being reflected, the barcode will be read correctly. The code may be read incorrectly, making it easy to determine the presence of mirror reflections.

[0062] As an alternative to optical scanning of an asymmetric object on a target, the symmetry of the image is pure This can also be determined electronically. This method uses a series of symmetry targets. Each target is labeled with an identifier code corresponding to its relative position, and this is the net. It can be transmitted to the transmitter through the workpiece connection. The beam is transmitted from one target to adjacent Moved towards the target, the direction sensing detector circuit reads the signal from the image. The direction order can be determined. This is determined by the electronic reading of the code. The newly detected target exhibited symmetry inversion as a result of a direct path in the same direction. An indication that it does not exist, or a symmetry inversion as a result of mirror reflection in the opposite direction. This is achieved by focusing on whether or not to read the display.

[0063] For example, a partially symmetric light pattern in one direction, and a partially symmetric light pattern in the other direction. Systems that combine both optical and electronic methods, such as electronic patterns, are also implemented. It is possible.

[0064] Electronic transmission is also transmitted by other means of data communication, such as infrared, ultrasonic, or optical signals. It can also be substituted.

[0065] Combining power outputs from multiple photovoltaic cells

[0066] In the receiver, two or more targets absorb the power of two or more incident beams to generate electricity. When used to convert power from different photovoltaic (PV) circuits to a single power source They can be joined together. There are various ways to achieve this joining.

[0067] The voltage from a single PV cell causes the system to exceed a minimum safe level of power discharge. In order to increase this, it is typically necessary to perform several essential safety functions. It's not high enough for the electronic circuit to function properly.

[0068] Therefore, coupling the voltages from multiple cells connected in series is typically done electronically. It has been a popular choice in many prior art systems for generating the high voltage required by circuits. It is.

[0069] The voltage from one or more cells is at a level that allows most electronic circuits to operate. A DC / DC converter is required to increase it to that level. Typically, most silicon-based... The electronic circuit operates above 1.2V, with optional 1.8V and 3.3V. ), and operates at 5(V). Some circuits operate at low voltages but less than 1(V) Designing a working circuit is difficult, and designing a circuit that operates at less than 0.8(V) is challenging. This is extremely difficult. Cells used for wireless power transmission using infrared light are connected Typically, this generates less than 0.5(V) per junction, and only a single junction per cell is used. It is typically used in this way.

[0070] In the system described herein, there may be more than one PV cell per receiver, and different The power outputs from the cells are combined and supplied to the DC / DC converter, which converts the voltage to 1V. The level is exceeded.

[0071] When the outputs from multiple PV cells are connected in series, the DC / DC circuit will be different for each cell. It performs best when operating at a voltage close to the sum of the voltages. The disadvantage of connecting cells in series is The power is only applied at high voltage when all PV cells are generating at least a constant current. The key is that it can be converted to this. The current flowing through all cells must be equal. Therefore. In some cases, this limitation continues until all cells have been irradiated. This prevents the auxiliary electronic subsystem in the signaling device from being turned on. For various critical tasks such as identifying charging beams and transmitting safety data to transmitters This may be necessary. In such cases, the direction of reflection from the first beam is unknown, so the first Reflections from the beam can intersect with the second beam, potentially creating a dangerous spot. Here, the safety limit... This needs to be strictly enforced. A typical approach is to double the value when both beams are equal.

[0072] This disclosure outlines six possible solutions to avoid such problems, depending on the implementation, as follows: To include.

[0073] (a) After locking onto the target with the first beam, until a response is received from the receiver Therefore, the power of the transmission beam must be kept below 50% of the safety threshold. This is a safety system To increase the sensitivity of the target, or for example, to briefly turn on beam 1 and target Lock on to the target, turn it off, then turn on Beam 2, lock onto the target, and turn it off. And it seems they will restart again until both beams lock onto the target. This can be achieved by either separating the beam in time or by doing so.

[0074] (b) Even when only one beam irradiates one PV cell, the auxiliary system A second power supply capable of allowing the operation of the receiver shall be provided in the receiver. Such an auxiliary power supply shall later All PV cells can be recharged when they have been irradiated.

[0075] (c) Allow DC / DC circuits to operate in both series mode and single PV mode. The system should be configured to respond even when only a single PV cell is irradiated.

[0076] (d) Before irradiation of the cell, connect the cells in parallel, and once irradiation is detected, the cell Connect the wire.

[0077] (e) Each cell is connected separately to a different DC / DC converter, and the outputs are connected in parallel or in series. To do.

[0078] (f) Connecting cells in parallel.

[0079] The outputs from multiple PV cells can be connected in parallel. Typically, this requires: DC / DC circuits are required to be designed for low operating voltage and high current. This generally requires low It results in either high efficiency or high cost, but operates without additional power supply and in both modes. Without a DC / DC circuit that can be used, even when only a single cell is being illuminated, There is an additional advantage in that the circuit can be operated.

[0080] If there are more than one PV cell, the system will still only irradiate a single PV cell. Insofar as it maintains the ability to respond when connected, PV cells are compatible with both series and parallel connections. They can be operated in combination. This means that each PV cell is illuminated by at least the second cell. By connecting directly to the DC / DC circuit before irradiation, or as required before irradiation of the second cell This can be done by using other energy sources for safety features.

[0081] Utilization of photovoltaic cell output

[0082] Typically, the receiver's output is maintained within a narrow margin from the nominal voltage of 3.3(V) or It should supply a constant regulated voltage such as 5(V). Energy levels are controlled by the transmitter, but are influenced by many other factors. Many of these effects are beyond the system's control. For example, the effect of a person walking around with the receiver. Therefore, it is necessary to supply the exact amount of energy required by the client load. That's difficult. As is often the case, excess energy is generated, and this excess energy is used in electricity If the voltage is fixed, it is converted into an excess current at the converter output, and the voltage is not fixed. This is converted into an overvoltage. This overcurrent can result in a voltage increase that can be harmful to the client load. Since it is not possible to force a supply to the client load without electrical energy, other than electrical energy It needs to be stored or converted into a form of energy.

[0083] This disclosure relates to several methods for storing excess current or converting it into different forms of energy. I propose a method.

[0084] Firstly, excess energy can be stored in capacitors and / or coils.

[0085] If a battery is present, excess energy can be supplied to the battery and stored there. .

[0086] Excess energy is also transmitted from the receiver in the form of radio waves, light, or infrared energy. It may be propagated by doing so.

[0087] Finally, this energy is typically converted into heat using a resistor or Zener diode. It can be converted.

[0088] Zener diodes are advantageous because they help maintain a constant voltage at the output. Typically, a Zener diode conducts at a voltage slightly higher than the desired output voltage. It is selected and has the advantages of being fast to respond and low cost.

[0089] Another way to convert excess energy into heat is to use a photovoltaic cell at its maximum power point (MPP). This is achieved by operating with a voltage different from the pressure. The power transmission efficiency from the PV cell is affected by the voltage of the incident element. It depends on both the beam power and the electrical characteristics of the client load. Beam irradiation level Since the load is variable, the load characteristics that provide the best power transmission efficiency are also variable. The system efficiency is The load characteristics are optimized to maintain the highest efficiency of power transmission. This is called MPP, and it maximizes the power output by presenting a load to the PV cells to obtain the most useful power output. A force-point tracking (MPPT) circuit is used. A circuit that intentionally shifts the operating point from MPP is used. By using this method, the photovoltaic efficiency can be reduced, and the correct power can be supplied at the correct voltage. The delivery to the destination is achieved under the condition that there is excess energy that should be discarded. obtain.

[0090] Intranet system and intranet system communication

[0091] The beam is generated by different transmitters that share at least a portion of the same field of view. To prevent this, data is transmitted between systems to ensure that signals are transmitted to volumes occupied by different beams. It needs to be transferred. Each system must be able to have its field of view occupied by a laser beam. It must be possible to transmit at least one indicator that signals the following: Typically, Number of beams, wavelength, power, origin in 3D space, direction in 3D space, beam diameter or This includes equivalents, detection capability, coherence length data, beam data timing and duty cycle. Cycle, future trends in beam data, and manufacturer codes and network parameters Send a set of data including this.

[0092] Each system must be able to respond to at least one subset of the data in question. This data can be transmitted between systems, peer-to-peer, or to a common server. Data can be received from other peers or primary servers. Typically, data is received and transmitted. The same applies to the point to which the laser is directed, such as a cylinder through which the beam currently transmits power. The system can interpret this as a direction to be avoided. The beam module is the same When the field of view or a portion thereof is covered by another beam, it has a different operating field of view. For example, power supply to a target that is already powered by another beam. It is managed as if it were an order to avoid it.

[0093] The beam module is located near the above communication channel or an additional separate channel. In this state, other beam modules can be detected. This disclosure relates to beam modules This makes it possible to detect the presence of other beam modules covering the same field of view or a portion thereof. I propose four ways to turn it into Noh.

[0094] (a) In the first system, a receiver that communicates optically with more than one beam has a beam ID Identification detects the presence of a receiver within the field of view of more than one beam. The device then transmits a signal indicating the presence of another receiver nearby, and this signal corresponds to the beep. Received by at least one of the module, or by an external control unit. It will be done.

[0095] (b) In the second system, each beam module, for example, uses its laser to clear the field of view. By switching, other systems transmit the signals they receive, and those signals are transmitted to other beam modules. The message is received and interpreted as indicating the presence of another system nearby.

[0096] (c) In the third system, the user themselves shares the same view with one or more systems. This indicates the existence of other systems.

[0097] (d) In the fourth system, the manufacturer mechanically connects several beam modules The components are packaged together, such as by connecting them, and the system is configured to recognize each other.

[0098] Communication can take place directly between systems, or using network or server connections. It is possible.

[0099] In other words, according to a typical implementation of the device described herein, the beam source and numerous A method for ensuring safety in a multi-beam wireless power transmission system including a target is provided. This delicious, (a) At least one point on the trajectories of two beams is closer to each other than a predetermined safety distance Determine whether it is attached or not, and if it is approaching, (i) attenuate at least one beam. (ii) to turn off at least one beam, and (iii) less The step of performing at least one of the following: deflecting one beam, A step of sending data associated with the decision to the controller, Based on the analysis of the data, Trolla decided to (i) attenuate at least one beam. (ii) turning off at least one beam, and (iii) at least A step adapted to perform at least one of the actions of deflecting a beam, (b) Receiving image data of the pattern on the target in the power transmission system Therefore, it is detected whether or not a reflective surface exists in the path of any of the beams, and the image data is used to determine whether or not a reflective surface exists. The generated image is a mirror image when compared to the image data of the pattern on the target. Determine whether or not it has, and if it does, at least the pattern image data is in the shape of a mirror image. (i) Attenuate, (ii) turn off a beam directed at a target having a state (iii) a step of performing at least one of the following: (iii) doing, A step of sending data associated with the decision to the controller, Based on the analysis of the data, Trolla determined that at least the image data of the pattern is a mirror image. A beam directed at a morphological target can be (i) attenuated, or (ii) turned off. (iii) to divert, and (iii) to divert, Step and Includes.

[0100] In the above method, image data is obtained by scanning the target with a beam. The resulting electronic image data may be obtained by transmitting from the target. By collecting the electronic data, or by using a camera, it can be stored. ru.

[0101] The above method further applies if either the determination in step (a) or step (b) is positive. This includes the step of issuing an alarm.

[0102] In addition, in any of the above methods, at least one of the beams is a beam saw It can be used as a transmission beam from a source, or as a reflected beam from a target.

[0103] Further implementation examples of the above method include attenuating the beam, and the beam source This can be done by adjusting the beam, and turning off the beam is done by adjusting the beam source. This may be done by using a shutter, or by deflecting at least one beam. This may be done by using a beam scanning device.

[0104] Furthermore, the trajectory of the beam transmitted by the beam source is determined by the known position of the beam source. The placement, and known beam scanner devices used to direct the beam in space. The orientation and position may be determined by the use of a ray. In the case of a reflected beam, its position and orientation are determined by the ray. - To confirm the trajectory of the transmission beam colliding with the target, and the position and orientation of the target. This can be determined by the following. In this case, the position and orientation of the target is determined by the target By using an accelerometer and compass mounted at known positions relative to the net, It may be decided. Alternatively, the position and orientation of the target are mechanically connected to the target. The device may receive, or alternatively, an image of the target or a pattern on the target. It can be calculated by analyzing the line.

[0105] In any of the methods described above, at least one point on the trajectories of two beams is Determining whether or not they are closer to each other than a set safe distance is (i) Determine the position and orientation of the first and second beams, (ii) Calculate at least one plane including the first beam, the plane being Each of them includes the orbit of the first beam, (iii) Determine at least one point where the second beam intersects the at least one plane. To do, (iv) Measure the distance between each of at least one point from the trajectory of the first beam. Toto It may include.

[0106] Further implementations of the above method include at least two beams on the trajectory of If any of the points are closer to each other than a predetermined safety distance, the analysis further involves the following: Whether the predicted coupled power levels of at least two beams are greater than a predetermined safety level. This includes making a decision.

[0107] If at least one point on the trajectories of two beams approaches each other more than a predetermined safety distance Analysis of the data obtained from the step of determining whether or not it is present is further performed on two or more beams. The associated overall risk is determined by the crossover probability of the beam and the coupled power level of the beam. This includes calculating by considering both the probability that the threshold will exceed a predetermined safety level and the probability of exceeding that level. .

[0108] Finally, in any of the above methods, at least some of the targets are portable It can be attached to a phone device.

[0109] Further given according to other implementation examples described in this disclosure is the radio power, said radio power This system transmits to multiple targets adapted to receive the signal, and this system is (i) at least two beam sources, each generating a beam of radio power, (ii) Beam scanning devices associated with each beam source, This is a beam scanning device adapted to direct the transmission beam directly onto the target. , (iii) Images of the pattern in any of the targets, placed in the transmission system An imaging unit adapted to generate data, (iv) Controller and Includes, The controller in question is, (a) At least one point on the trajectories of two beams is closer to each other than a predetermined safety distance Determine whether it is attached or not, and if it is approaching, (i) attenuate at least one beam. (ii) to turn off at least one beam, and (iii) less To cause the system to perform at least one of the actions of deflecting a beam. The steps for configuring the controller, (b) By receiving the image data of the pattern in the transmission system, It detects whether a reflective surface exists in any of the beam's paths and generates from the image data. The resulting image has a mirror image form compared to the image data of the pattern on the target. Determine whether or not, and if so, (i) attenuate the beam to at least one, ( ii) turn off at least one beam, and (iii) turn off at least one beam The controller causes the system to perform at least one of the actions of diverting the object. Steps to constitute the It is structured to perform the following actions.

[0110] In such a system, the relative geometric positions of at least two beam sources are already It is knowledge.

[0111] In the above system, this knowledge is obtained thanks to the mechanical connections between them, or (a) The relative vector positions of at least two targets, (b) The receiving of the beam from the first beam source of the at least two beam sources The vector position of one target relative to the first beam source, (c) The receiving of the beam from the second beam source of the at least two beam sources The vector positions of the two targets relative to the second beam source and It can be obtained by performing vector calculations based on this. In this case, the small At least the relative positions of the two targets are such that the two targets are a single receiver It becomes known because it is incorporated into the system. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0112] This invention will be more fully understood and recognized from the following detailed description in conjunction with the drawings.

[0113] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of a multi-beam transmitter that emits three separate beams toward a pair of receivers. [Figure 2] Typical multi-beam and single-beam transmitters are shown. [Figure 3] A typical receiver is shown, having two targets that receive at least two beams. [Figure 4] Figure 2 illustrates the generation of beam intersections in a multi-beam transmission system and the resulting risks. [Figure 5] A flowchart illustrating a method for managing multi-beam transmission according to the present invention is shown to ensure proper control of beam crossing. [Figure 6] This shows how the system determines whether any of the mirror surfaces are located within the path of any of the beams from the transmitter to the target. [Figure 7] A purely electronic method for determining the symmetry of an image target marker is schematically shown. [Figure 8] This diagram schematically illustrates how the relative positions of two beam sources and their targets can be determined by vector subtraction of the known positions of the beam sources relative to the targets in the receiver. [Figure 9] A flowchart shows a method for determining whether two beams intersect or at least pass each other within a predetermined minimum distance. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0114] Referring to Figure 1, the multi-beam transmitter 1 is schematically shown. This consists of three separate Beams 2, 3, and 4 are emitted toward receivers 6 and 7, as described in the overview section above. A controller 12 is incorporated to control the related operations of the system. Figure 1 shows the control system. Despite being indicated as being mounted on the transmitter unit, as described in the overview section above. As described above, wherever it is placed, or across several systems and locations in the vicinity It may be distributed.

[0115] The receiver 6 includes a single target 5 to which beam 2 is directed. The power of beam 2 is received The client device is connected to the receiver via a power connector 10, which can be integrated into the receiver by the transmitter 6. (Although not shown in the diagram, this is converted into stable voltage power supplied to, for example, a telephone.)

[0116] Both beams 3 and 4 are used to deliver power to the multi-target receiver 7. Beam 3 is directed towards target 8, and beam 4 is directed towards target 9. Receiver 7, The light power from both beams 3 and 4 is converted into electricity, and the electricity from both beams is totaled. That power is then delivered to the device being charged.

[0117] Receiver 6 responds and transmits data when it detects beam 2. Receiver 7 detects beam 3 It responds and transmits data when it detects either beam 4 or beam 4.

[0118] The method of data transmission is not described, but typically it is via RF, IR, or the internet. This is achieved through a network connection and received by a transmitter for data analysis purposes.

[0119] The transmission typically includes the receiver ID, the IDs of one or more beams, the received power, the total, and each This includes whether or not it is a beam hit, and orientation information, but other data or only a portion of such data. It may also include minutes.

[0120] Beams 2, 3, and 4 are not shown to intersect with each other, but they lie on the same plane. No. The reflections from these receivers also do not intersect with each other and do not interact with the incident beam. There isn't any.

[0121] Referring to Figure 2, the multi-beam transmitter 21 and the single-beam transmitter 22 are shown. The beam transmitter 21 transmits a first beam module consisting of a laser 23 and a steering mirror SM1. Including, having a field of view limited by the maximum tilting capability of the steering mirror SM1's beam. The field of view (FOV) 1 is defined as the line passing through the steering mirror SM1 and point p4 within one range of the field of view. It expands to the other range of the field of view, extending to a line that passes through the steering mirror SM1 and point p1. It should be understood that this description provides a two-dimensional explanation due to the nature of 2D drawings. However, the actual field of view is typically a 3D rotation of such a 2D representation.

[0122] The transmitter 21 also comprises a second beam module consisting of a laser 26 and a steering mirror SM2. Including, the steering mirror SM2 has a field of view limited by the maximum ability of the beam to be tilted. The field of view (FOV2) extends to a line passing through the steering mirror SM2 and point p5 at one end. It extends to the line passing through the steering mirror SM2 and point p2. This should be understood, but such description Although this is two-dimensional due to the nature of this 2D drawing, the actual field of view is 3D compared to such a 2D representation. A typical example is rotation.

[0123] The transmitter 22 also comprises a third beam module consisting of a laser 28 and a steering mirror SM3. Including, the steering mirror SM3 has a field of view limited by the maximum ability of the beam to be tilted. The field of view (FOV3) extends to a line passing through the steering mirror SM3 and point p6 at one end. It extends to the line passing through the steering mirror SM3 and point p3. It should be understood that this description is... Although this 2D drawing is two-dimensional due to its nature, the actual field of view is three-dimensional. A typical example is a change in form.

[0124] The receiver 24 is located inside FOV1 and FOV2 and outside FOV3.

[0125] The receiver 25 is located inside FOV3 and FOV2 and outside FOV1.

[0126] Therefore, the receiver 24 is powered using the laser 23 or the laser 26. It is possible.

[0127] Therefore, the receiver 25 is powered using the laser 26 or the laser 28. It is possible.

[0128] Receivers 24 and 25 determine which beam is supplied to receivers 24 and 25 when a beam is present. To determine if it is charged, typically by decoding information encoded about the beam itself. It is detected by the following. Each receiver measures the received power of the beam it supplies, and the receiver ID, Transmits the beam orientation, detected beam ID, received power per beam, capability, and other data. I believe. These data are transmitted by both transmitter 21 and transmitter 22, and, if applicable. It is then received by other receivers and system components.

[0129] The transmitter 21 recognizes the relative starting point and direction of lasers 23 and 26. This is controlled by This is because the spatial position and orientation of the rudder mirror are known, just like the position of the receiver, and therefore The transmitter 21 can direct the beams to avoid crossing each other. -When the beams exist and converge in the same plane, the transmitter 21 will find an intersection (if one exists) The beams are calculated, and if they intersect, both beams are used to determine whether or not an overall risk exists. We estimate the risk from this.

[0130] When the transmitter 21 receives data from receivers 24 and 25, it receives the model ID and the slope ( (Normally calculated with respect to gravity, vertical and magnetic north), and based on the range of each receiver, each receiver The direction of reflection from the container is calculated, and if there are potential intersections, their location is evaluated. cormorant.

[0131] Since receiver 25 is in the field of view of both transmitters 21 and 22, each transmitter sends out a beam. It can detect and report. Transmitters that did not send a beam will receive the report transmission. The procedure to locate the other transmitter that shares the same field of view and to communicate with it is initiated.

[0132] After establishing a communication channel between both transmitters 21 and 22, the direction and reflection of the beam are determined. Information will be exchanged. Referring to Figure 3, a typical receiver 31 having two targets 32 and 34 is This is shown. This means that at least two beams 33 and 35 are received, and in the beams The power is converted into electrical energy, and that electrical energy is supplied to the system that uses that electrical energy through the conductor 36. To give.

[0133] Beams 33 and 35 have sizes and shapes that can be almost completely absorbed by the receiver 31 at both targets 32 and 34.

[0134] While beam 33 is directed at target 32 and completely enclosed by the boundary of target 32, beam 35, which is directed at target 34, spreads slightly from target 34. By using the scanning function of the beam source to image the target at low power, it is possible to ensure that a beam such as beam 35 is placed at the center of the target. Thereafter, the beam source can increase its power output to the output required for power transmission to the target. The receiver 31 has a front surface that can cause a reflection of a small part, typically 0.1% - 4%, but in some cases up to 25%, of either beam 33 or 35. The degree of reflection can depend on the contamination of the surface and the angle of incidence. The receiver 31 is equipped with a detector for detecting spatial orientation, such as a camera, compass, gyroscope, accelerometer, compass, GPS device, triangulation device, or an electronic connection to a device capable of determining relative orientation, and a data transmitter for communicating that information to a transmitter. By using an accelerometer as a gravity direction detector together with a compass, a general and inexpensive detection system can be easily achieved. Such devices are widely available as MEMS - based chips. The source of the transmitter must also be equipped with similar components so that the coordinate system of the receiver can be directly associated with the coordinate system of the source.

[0135] ​​​​​​​​​Triangulation by measuring distance from other devices or echoes (sound, light, radio waves) The vice may be placed in either the transmitter or the receiver.

[0136] Beam 35 is shown to be slightly off target, which is typical of receiving If the transmitter 36 displays a message indicating "not on target" or a low received power measurement, Have them report the difference.

[0137] Referring to Figure 4, we see the beams in a multi-beam transmission system as shown in Figure 2. The occurrence of intersections and the dangers they pose are shown.

[0138] In such a typical system, the transmitters or beam generation modules 41 and 42 are: Beams 43 and 44 are being transmitted towards receivers 45 and 46, respectively. A portion of the beam 43 is reflected as reflection 40 from the front surface of the receiver 45. The minutes are reflected as reflection 39, so as to exit from the surface of receiver 46. Beam 44 intersects beam 43 at point 47.

[0139] Reflection 40 intersects with reflection 39 at point 49.

[0140] Beam 43 intersects with reflection 40 at point 48.

[0141] It should be understood that the image in Figure 4 is a 2D image and is used to explain a 3D situation. Therefore, a difference is expected between this and 3D reality.

[0142] It is also important to understand that beams and reflections in the real 3D world have width, and beam They are close to each other, typically within a distance of 1-10 mm, and sometimes as far as 50 mm. Any situation may have a similar result.

[0143] The person or object at points 47, 48, 49 may be exposed to the radiance, power, energy, average energy levels over a circular area with diameters of 1 mm, 3.5 mm, 7 mm, 50 m m or 10 mm. Hot spots, i.e., hot spots created as a result of coherent or incoherent effects, that exceed the acceptable level are also risks associated with the system from other common risks. This risk can arise from various aspects of the exposure. The risk of skin burns arises from "hot spots". That is, eye damage is due to the average power over the pupil area. The risk of fire from small particles from "hot spots", the risk of fire from large particles depends on the total absorbed energy, and the risk to a person looking at the system through a telescope can be measured by the average power over the telescope lens (50 mm). The system must evaluate various risks. To prevent such exposures that exceed the acceptable level at such dangerous intersections, the system either modifies the parameters of one or both beams, such as power or direction, or typically replaces one beam with another beam. Effects such as beam coherence, mechanical instability, optical and pointing instability, direction uncertainty,

[0144] and system noise can significantly increase the distance considered dangerous between the beam / reflection. Points 47, 48, 49 are considered "dangerous points" and require special attention in a safety system.

[0145]

[0146] Specifically, the safety system must consider other nearby beams when considering other parts of the beam in question. Although unnecessary, at such "danger points," the safety system will take into account parameters from both beams. It is necessary to consider or avoid such situations.

[0147] Referring to Figure 5, the multi-beam crossing method of the present invention, which ensures proper control of beam crossing, is shown here. A flowchart of the method for managing transmission is shown. During transmission, the following methods are performed sequentially. It will be done.

[0148] In step 51, the system determines which beam aligns with the path that will collide with the mirror. Verify whether it is being transmitted. If it is found that the beam is being transmitted through the mirror, In step 52, the beam is attenuated or typically turned off.

[0149] If the beam transmitted through the mirror is not found, the system will find that the beam is in the same plane. Check whether it exists or not (53). Beams that exist in the same plane are checked. Step 54 confirms whether the behavior is diverging or converging. Steps 53 and 53 may be performed in any order. For beams in the same plane that are not converged, the opposite is performed. The range and direction of the ray vector are determined in steps 55 and 56 (again, but in order). (This is not important), then in step 57, any two or more reflections are coplanar It is estimated whether or not there is one. If nothing is found, in step 58, one of the opposite It is estimated whether the ray is in the same plane as the beam. If nothing is found, the system Continue the transmission, and typically in step 60, some or all of these actions Repeat.

[0150] In step 54, it was found that multiple beams converged and were in the same plane. In addition, in step 59, data from the two related safety systems is combined into two B This is a unified risk assessment for the system, and by doing so, the safety threshold is raised. The beam is either reduced, or at least one beam is attenuated or deflected.

[0151] Similarly, even if the possibility of crossing is not determined in either step 57 or 58, If it is found that the beam / reflection is exactly on the same plane, then the method also proceeds to step 59. They then proceed to the next location, where the same action takes place.

[0152] Referring to Figure 6, if any of the beams from the transmitter to the target are within the path of the beam This shows how the system determines whether or not any mirror surfaces are present. An asymmetric pattern 62 exists on receiver 61. It is scanned through a mirror or When viewed, the receiver 61 appears as an image 65 having an asymmetric pattern 66. Since pattern 66 has different types of rotations than pattern 62, the system is shown in image 65. It detects that it has been seen through the mirror and responds by turning off the beam.

[0153] Image 63, which has an asymmetrical pattern 64, is the pattern 62 as seen from the receiver 61. By rotating pattern 64, it can be superimposed on pattern 62, so pattern The fact that 64 is not being viewed or scanned through the mirror is to the system It is clear.

[0154] On the other hand, the pattern 68 on the image 67 of the receiver 61 is a pattern 62 known to the transmitter. They cannot overlap. In other words, the system allows pattern 68 to pass through mirror reflection. It can be inferred that it is being viewed or scanned.

[0155] When the system detects a receiver and determines that the receiver is being viewed through a mirror, The system further refrains from transmitting power to the receiver via the mirror. The location can be recorded for future use. This allows for scanning the same position again. This may include refraining from or reducing the frequency of such scans. Calculating the mirror position requires detecting the actual object and its "mirror image," but the following conditions apply. This can be done by solving the resulting equation.

[0156] V1 = V2 + V3 V4 = V2 - V2 * |V3| / |V2| |V2|+|V3|=|V1| |V1|=|V4| Here, V1 is a vector to the actual object, V4 is the vector from the beam source to the "mirror image". |Vn| is the length of the vector |Vn|, V2 is the vector to the point on the mirror where the beam collides with the mirror. V3 is the vector from that point to the mirror image of the receiver.

[0157] Many variations can exist for this scheme of vector computation.

[0158] The mirror is found at V2, and its direction is determined by dividing the angle between V2 and V3. It can be found.

[0159] The mirror position is further used to simplify the actual receiver position instead of the mirror image. This may also occur, and other "mirror images" of the receiver may appear as if they are being reflected by the same mirror. If found at a certain point, the actual position of the receiver as seen through the mirror will determine its location. It can be estimated to assist in doing so.

[0160] Asymmetric images are preferable as they allow for the identification of the receiver, its type, manufacturer, performance, and limitations. This can be used as a 2D barcode. This data can then be used for other purposes such as billing. It can be used for service quality and many other purposes.

[0161] Referring to Figure 7, a purely electronic method for determining the symmetry of an image target label. This is schematically represented.

[0162] PV1, PV2, PV3...PV6 are equally spaced and located on the edges of the degenerate hexagon. These are all the beam targets that were targeted.

[0163] Such a pattern has a mirror image that is optically identical to the original pattern, but the rotation of the original pattern Since it appears as a transformation, it is optically symmetrical.

[0164] However, receivers may react differently to irradiation of different parts of the pattern. In the context of a container, such patterns can be asymmetrical. The system electronically processes each target. Because it can be identified.

[0165] For example, the beam is targeting PV3 (which may be PV4, or the opposite side of the mirror image of PV3). If directed towards it, the system needs to retain this information. To verify that it had not been affected, the beam then rotated one or more times clockwise or counterclockwise. The beam is directed towards the target located in the target step. The beam rotates clockwise. Proceeding towards one or more target steps, target shake (on the opposite side of PV2) When you reach PV4, this is not visible through the mirror. If it is visible through the mirror If so, the target shape will reach PV2 (and will not reach PV4). ). In other words, the presence of mirror reflection in the monitored beam trajectory is detected by the known beam By observing which target shapes were imaged after the movement occurred, This can be determined electronically and without requiring any imaging steps. Cut.

[0166] A similar algorithm can be performed using multiple beams, or optically and electrically. It is also possible to use patterns consisting of child markers.

[0167] Referring to Figure 8, the relative positions of the two beam sources and their targets are as follows: By subtracting the vector of the known position of the beam source relative to the target in the receiver, This schematically shows how it can be determined. The vector relationship between the two targets is bi Both are built into single receivers, so this is already known.

[0168] The beam modules 81 and 82, for which the comparison position is to be determined, are both 2 It is directed towards the power receiver 83, which includes two targets 84 and 85.

[0169] The relative distance and direction of beam module 82 to beam module 81, i.e., beam In order to determine the chute 86, beam module 81 receives the known reception via beam transmission. The vector 87, which represents the position of the target 84 in the container 83, is used.

[0170] This also uses vector 89, which is reported by receiver 83. This is the direction and distance between Get 84 and Target 85.

[0171] This also uses Vector 88, which uses beam module 82, external service This may be reported by B or receiver 83.

[0172] Vector 87+89-88 is the vector of beam module 82 relative to beam module 81. It needs to be equal to the position vector 86.

[0173] Beam module 82 performs similar calculations, or beam module 81 or central Information is received from the control point. The beam module 81 can do the same. These The situation is that there are many beam modules in the room, and those beam modules This can occur if some of the locations are known. Then a new beam module If found, the beam module can receive the location information and perform calculations. There is no need to do so. The new beam module is relative to the other beam module. All you need to do is pinpoint the location.

[0174] In this disclosure, as described in the summary section above, two beams intersect. A novel method is presented for determining whether or not, or at least whether or not, an intersection is approaching. A pair of planes are rotated progressively around the trajectory of a beam, and consequently, the progressive rotation It is positioned on the common axis of rotation of the rotated plane. Then the second beam is predetermined Within the minimum distance from the first beam, pass through one of these progressively rotated planes. It is determined whether or not they pass through. If they pass through, these beams have an intersection or near intersection. It is considered that, in order to ensure the safety of the laser, for example, at least one of the lasers of the beam By shutting down or reducing the power, or by diverting one of the beams Therefore, it is necessary to take appropriate actions to reduce the risk. In practice, this method This involves calculating the plane formed by the first beam and at least one point on the second beam. This can be done by... This point is typically related to the origin of the beam or its target... Obtain. This is because these points are the most well known and the easiest to calculate. And the second bill If other points on the beam are close to the first beam axis, typically they are within a few millimeters or the number of beams. Within a radius of 1, the probability of intersection is high, and as mentioned above, the risk of such intersections can be mitigated. Further actions may be necessary. On the other hand, the point closest to the plane on the second beam is At long distances, typically exceeding a few millimeters, the calculation error margin, or the number of beams. If it exceeds the radius, the potential for initial risk is low.

[0175] Referring to Figure 9, whether the two beams intersect or not, or at least predetermined to each other. To determine whether or not it passes within the minimum distance, a typical procedure is followed. Steps are listed.

[0176] In step 91, the beam is transmitted through the beam skid in the beam transmitter, as described above. Using information about the camera settings, receiver position, and orientation, it is plotted in 3D geometric coordinates. It can be done.

[0177] In step 92, one of the beam trajectories is selected, and the reference plane is set to the beam. The line is defined in a way that encloses it.

[0178] In step 93, the intersection of the second beam and the reference plane is determined.

[0179] In step 94, between the first beam path and the intersection of the second beam and the reference plane The closest distance within the reference plane is the line from the intersection to the first beam path, and the It is calculated by stretching a line perpendicular to the beam path.

[0180] In step 95, the closest distance is recorded, and the basis for the previous step is It is associated with the angle of a quasiplane.

[0181] Subsequently, in step 96, the reference plane encompassing the first beam path representation is the first beam The object is rotated around the path by a predetermined increment angle, typically less than 5°, and step 93 is repeated. This process determines the new intersection between the second beam and the reference plane.

[0182] Subsequently, steps 94 and 95 are performed at this new rotational position, and the reference plane The closest distance to the new angle is recorded.

[0183] This procedure continues until it is determined in step 97 that the reference plane has been rotated 180°. Repeat for each incremental rotation, and the procedure proceeds to step 98.

[0184] In step 98, the minimum distance is selected from all the closest distances recorded. This determines the closest distance at which beam 2 reaches beam 1. This result is then used to determine the distance at which beam 2 reaches beam 1. These two beams are used to determine whether or not they intersect, or whether or not they are close to an intersection. This reduces the risks posed by the increased power that may be present at such intersections of beams. Appropriate actions will be initiated to ensure the safety of the laser.

[0185] Other methods exist for determining the closest distance between two beams. These include the following: It may include algebraic calculations.

[0186] Beam 1 is P1 = t1d1 + r1 It is defined as follows. Here, t is a free variable, d is a direction vector, and r is the origin.

[0187] And beam 2 is P2 = t2d2 + r2 It is defined as, and the minimum distance between the lines is,

number

[0188] Other methods for calculating the same closest distance can also be used as alternatives.

[0189] As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the present invention is not limited to what is specifically illustrated and described above. No. Rather, the scope of the present invention is a combination of the various features described above and subcontracts. Both binations, and modifications that a person skilled in the art could conceive of after reading the above description but which are not prior art, and Includes revised examples.

Claims

1. Ensuring safety in multi-beam wireless power transmission systems including beam sources and multiple targets. A method that (a) Any point on the trajectories of at least two beams is closer to each other than a predetermined safety distance Determine whether it is attached or not, and if it is close, (i) Attenuating at least one beam, (ii) Attenuating at least one beam (iii) to deflect at least one beam Another step, or A step of sending data associated with the decision to the controller, the controller Based on the analysis of the data, Trolla (i) attenuates at least one beam. (ii) turning off at least one beam, and (iii) at least one A step of deflecting at least one of the beams, (b) In the power transmission system, receiving image data of the pattern on the target Therefore, it is detected whether or not a reflective surface exists in the path of any of the beams, and the image data is used to determine whether or not a reflective surface exists. The generated image is a mirror image compared to the image data of the pattern on the target. Determine whether or not it has, and if it does, At the very least, the beam is directed at a target whose pattern image data has a mirror image form. (i) dampen, (ii) turn off, and (iii) divert, A step that performs at least one of the following, A step of sending data associated with the decision to the controller, the controller Based on the analysis of the aforementioned data, Trolla determined that at least the image data of the pattern is a mirror image. (i) Attenuating, (ii) Turning off a beam directed at a morphological target. (iii) a s Step and Methods that include...

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the image data is electronic image data.

3. The image data is obtained by scanning the target with a beam. The method according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The image data is accumulated by collecting electronic data transmitted from the target. or the method according to claim 1 or 2.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the image data is accumulated by using a camera.

6. The step of issuing an alert if either of the decisions in step (a) and (b) is positive. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

7. Claims 1 to 6, at least one of the beams is a transmission beam from a beam source. The method described in any one of the items.

8. At least one of the beams is a beam reflected from the target, according to claim 1 to The method described in any one of item 7.

9. The attenuation of the beam is performed by adjusting the beam source, as in claim 1. The method described in any one of items 8.

10. Turning off the beam can be done at the beam source or by using a shutter. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. At least one beam can be deflected by using a beam scanning device. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which is carried out as follows.

12. The trajectory of the beam transmitted by the beam source is such that the beam source is located at a known position, and Known orientation and position of beam scanner devices used to direct the beam in space The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, determined by the use of the position.

13. The position and orientation of the reflected beam are determined by the trajectory of the transmission beam that collides with the target. , determined by confirming the position and orientation of the target, as described in claim 8. The method.

14. The position and orientation of the target are determined by an additive attached to a known position relative to the target. Determined by using at least one of a speedometer and a compass, according to claim 13. Method of description.

15. The position and orientation of the target are received from a device mechanically connected to the target. The method according to claim 13.

16. The position and orientation of the target are determined by the drawing of the target or the pattern on the target. The method according to claim 13, which is calculated by analyzing an image.

17. If any point on the trajectory of the at least two beams approaches each other more than a predetermined safety distance To determine whether or not it is, (i) Determine the position and orientation of the first and second beams, (ii) Calculating at least one plane including the first beam, the plane Each of them includes the trajectory of the first beam, (iii) At least one in which the second beam intersects one of the at least one planes To determine the points, (iv) The distance between each of the at least one point from the trajectory of the first beam is measured. To determine The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, including the method described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. If any point on the trajectories of the at least two beams approaches each other by a predetermined safety distance If so, the analysis further involves the predictive coupling of the at least two beams. Claim 1, which includes determining whether the power level is greater than a predetermined safety level. The method described in any one of items 17.

19. If any point on the trajectories of the at least two beams approaches each other by a predetermined safety distance The analysis of the data obtained from the step of determining whether or not it is present is further performed on two or more B The overall risk associated with the beam is determined by the crossover probability of the beams and the coupling power of the beams. - Calculated by considering both the probability that the level will exceed a predetermined safety level. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, including the method described in any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. Claim 1, wherein at least some of the targets are attached to a mobile phone device. The method described in any one of items 19.

21. A system for transmitting wireless power to multiple targets adapted to receive the wireless power. And, At least two beam sources, each generating a beam of the aforementioned radio power, A beam scanning device associated with each beam source, each of which transmits A beam scanning device adapted to direct the beam directly at the target, The system that transmits the image data of the pattern in any of the targets is arranged in the aforementioned system. An imaging unit adapted to generate data, Controller and Includes, The aforementioned controller, (a) Any point on the trajectories of at least two beams is closer to each other than a predetermined safety distance Determine whether it is attached or not, and if it is close, move the controller to the system. (i) Attenuating at least one beam, (ii) Turn off at least one beam, and (iii) deflecting at least one beam A step to configure the system to perform at least one of the following actions. and, (b) By receiving the image data of the pattern in the transmission system, The system detects whether a reflective surface exists in any of the beam paths and the image data The image generated from the data is a mirror image when compared to the image data of the pattern on the target. Determine whether or not it has a form, and if it does, the controller is added to the system. (i) Attenuating at least one beam, (ii) Turn off at least one beam, and (iii) deflecting at least one beam A step of configuring the system to perform at least one of the following: A system configured to perform the following actions.

22. Claim 21, wherein the relative geometric positions of the at least two beam sources are known. The system described.

23. The relative geometric positions of the at least two beam sources are between the beam sources The system according to claim 22, which is known thanks to the mechanical connection.

24. The relative geometric positions of the at least two beam sources are, (a) The relative vector positions of at least two targets, (b) The receiving of the beam from the first beam source of the at least two beam sources. The vector position of one target with respect to the first beam source, (c) The receiving of the beam from the second beam source of the at least two beam sources. The vector positions of the two targets with respect to the second beam source and The system according to claim 22, which is known by performing vector calculations based on the following.

25. The relative positions of the at least two beam sources are the at least two targets The system according to claim 24, which becomes known because the set is incorporated into a single receiver. 。

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