Charge / discharge planning device and charge / discharge planning method

Abstract

The goal is to avoid power shortages, increase the utilization rate of renewable energy, and stabilize the supply of grid power. [Solution] The charge / discharge planning device generates at least one of two scenarios: a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario in which the amount of renewable energy generated is varied, and a grid power fluctuation scenario in which the demand for grid power is varied, based on at least one of weather forecast information and grid power demand forecast information. For each of the multiple charge / discharge plan options, it runs a simulation under at least one of the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario and the grid power fluctuation scenario. Based on the simulation results, it calculates charge / discharge plan evaluation values ​​for each of the multiple charge / discharge plan options, and based on the calculated charge / discharge plan evaluation values, it selects one of the multiple charge / discharge plan options that satisfies pre-set constraints.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a charge-discharge planning device and a charge-discharge planning method, and is suitable for application to a charge-discharge planning device related to a technique for formulating a charge-discharge plan, for example.

Background Art

[0002] As techniques for formulating a charge-discharge plan, there are techniques described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. In the techniques described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, various situations are assumed, and a charge-discharge plan corresponding to each situation is formulated. In particular, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, in the operation of power generation using a plurality of power generation facilities, the configuration of the operating power generation facilities is determined so that sales and profits are maximized.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Generally, it is known that power demand fluctuates and the supply of grid power using renewable energy as a power source fluctuates and is not stable. Therefore, when the actual power demand is greater than the power demand predicted in advance, the supply of grid power becomes tight, and there is a risk of power outages.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and proposes a charge-discharge planning system and a charge-discharge planning method that can avoid power outages and stabilize the supply of grid power while increasing the utilization rate of renewable energy.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a charge / discharge planning device for planning the charge and discharge of at least one electric vehicle using grid power from at least one of a plurality of power sources, including power generated using renewable energy and power from a storage battery, comprising: a storage unit that holds electric vehicle operation information indicating the operation plan of the electric vehicle; vehicle information indicating the status of the electric vehicle; charger information indicating information about the charger; battery information indicating information about the storage battery; grid power demand forecast information indicating a forecast of grid power demand and weather forecast information indicating a forecast of weather information; and a control unit that plans the charge / discharge plan, wherein the control unit stores the electric vehicle operation information, the vehicle information, the charger information, the battery information, the grid power demand forecast information and the weather forecast Based on at least one of the pieces of information, multiple charge / discharge plans are created. Based on at least one of the weather forecast information and the grid power demand forecast information, at least one of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario that varies the amount of renewable energy generated and a grid power fluctuation scenario that varies the demand for grid power are generated. For each of the multiple charge / discharge plans, a simulation is performed under at least one of the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario and the grid power fluctuation scenario. Based on the results of the simulation, a charge / discharge plan evaluation value is calculated for each of the multiple charge / discharge plans. Based on the calculated charge / discharge plan evaluation value, one of the multiple charge / discharge plans is selected to satisfy the pre-set constraints.

[0007] Furthermore, the present invention provides a charge / discharge planning method for a charge / discharge planning device that plans a charge / discharge plan for at least one electric vehicle using grid power from at least one of a plurality of power sources, including power generated using renewable energy and power from a storage battery, comprising: a holding step in which a storage unit holds electric vehicle operation information indicating the operation plan of the electric vehicle, vehicle information indicating the status of the electric vehicle, charger information indicating information about the charger, battery information indicating information about the storage battery, grid power demand forecast information indicating a forecast of grid power demand, and weather forecast information indicating a forecast of weather information; and a charge / discharge plan creation step in which a control unit creates a plurality of charge / discharge plan proposals based on the electric vehicle operation information, the vehicle information, the charger information, the battery information, and at least one of the grid power demand forecast information and the weather forecast information. The control unit includes a scenario generation step in which it generates at least one of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario that varies the amount of renewable energy generated and a grid power fluctuation scenario that varies the demand for grid power, based on at least one of the weather forecast information and the grid power demand forecast information; an evaluation value calculation step in which the control unit performs a simulation for each of the plurality of charge / discharge plan proposals under at least one of the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario and the grid power fluctuation scenario, and calculates a charge / discharge plan evaluation value for the plurality of charge / discharge plan proposals based on the results of the simulation; and a charge / discharge plan adoption step in which the control unit adopts one of the plurality of charge / discharge plan proposals as a charge / discharge plan that satisfies pre-set constraints, based on the calculated charge / discharge plan evaluation value. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to avoid power shortages and stabilize the supply of grid power while increasing the utilization rate of renewable energy. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1]This is a system configuration diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a charge / discharge planning system equipped with a charge / discharge planning device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a system configuration diagram showing an example of the software configuration of the charge / discharge planning system, which includes a charge / discharge planning device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] This figure shows an example of a vehicle information table. [Figure 4] This figure shows an example of a vehicle information table. [Figure 5] This figure shows an example of a location information table. [Figure 6] This figure shows an example of a charger information table. [Figure 7] This figure shows an example of a battery information table. [Figure 8] This figure shows an example of a grid power demand forecast information table. [Figure 9] This figure shows an example of a weather forecast information table. [Figure 10] This figure shows an example of an evaluation information table. [Figure 11] This figure shows an example of a parameter information table. [Figure 12A] This figure shows an example of a charge / discharge plan information table. [Figure 12B] This figure shows an example of a charging and discharging plan for an electric vehicle. [Figure 12C] This figure shows an example of a battery charging and discharging plan. [Figure 13] This figure shows an example of a scenario information table for fluctuations in renewable energy generation. [Figure 14] This figure shows an example of a grid power demand fluctuation scenario information table. [Figure 15] This flowchart shows an example of the procedure for formulating a vehicle charge / discharge plan and a battery charge / discharge plan according to the first embodiment. [Figure 16] This flowchart shows an example of the procedure for creating a charge / discharge plan. [Figure 17]It is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the renewable energy power generation amount fluctuation scenario creation process. [Figure 18] It is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the system power demand fluctuation scenario creation process. [Figure 19] It is a diagram showing an example of the display screen of the result outline of the electric vehicle charging and discharging plan. [Figure 20] It is a diagram showing an example of the display screen of the in-vehicle terminal. [Figure 21] It is a diagram showing an example of the display screen of the base plan management terminal. [Figure 22] It is a diagram showing an example of the display screen of the base plan management terminal. [Figure 23] It is a system diagram showing an example of the configuration of a charging and discharging plan system including a charging and discharging plan device according to the second embodiment. [Figure 24] It is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle information table according to the second embodiment. [Figure 25] It is a diagram showing an example of an operation information table according to the second embodiment. [Figure 26] It is a diagram showing an example of a replaceable battery information table according to the second embodiment. [Figure 27] It is a diagram showing an example of the display screen of the base plan management terminal according to the second embodiment.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0010] Hereinafter, based on the drawings, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. Note that the embodiments described below are examples for explaining the present invention, and for the sake of clarity of explanation, they are appropriately omitted and simplified. The present invention can be implemented in various other forms. Unless otherwise particularly limited, each component may be singular or plural.

[0011] The positions, sizes, shapes, and ranges of the components shown in the drawings may not represent their actual positions, sizes, shapes, and ranges in order to facilitate understanding of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the positions, sizes, shapes, and ranges disclosed in the drawings.

[0012] Examples of various types of information may be described using expressions such as "table," "list," and "queue," but these types of information may also be represented by other data structures. For example, various types of information such as "XX table," "XX list," and "XX queue" may be referred to as "XX information." When describing identification information, expressions such as "identification information," "identifier," "name," "ID," and "number" are used, and these are interchangeable. When there are multiple components that have the same or similar functions, different subscripts may be attached to the same code in the description. Also, when it is not necessary to distinguish between these multiple components, the subscript may be omitted in the description.

[0013] In the embodiments described, the processing performed by executing a program may be explained. Here, the computer executes the program using a processor (e.g., CPU, GPU) and performs the processing defined in the program using memory resources (e.g., memory) and interface devices (e.g., communication ports). Therefore, the main entity performing the processing by executing the program may be the processor. Similarly, the main entity performing the processing by executing the program may be a controller, device, system, computer, or sheet having a processor. The main entity performing the processing by executing the program may be an arithmetic unit, and may include a dedicated circuit that performs a specific processing. Here, a dedicated circuit is, for example, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device).

[0014] The program may be installed on the computer from the program source. The program source may be, for example, a program distribution server or a storage medium readable by the computer. If the program source is a program distribution server, the program distribution server includes a processor and storage resources for storing the program to be distributed, and the processor of the program distribution server may distribute the program to other computers. In addition, in this embodiment, two or more programs may be implemented as one program, or one program may be implemented as two or more programs.

[0015] (1) First Embodiment Figure 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a charge / discharge planning system 1 equipped with a charge / discharge planning device 2 according to the first embodiment.

[0016] This charge / discharge planning system 1 comprises a charge / discharge planning device 2, one or more in-vehicle terminals 4, one or more base station planning management terminals 5, one or more charge / discharge control devices 6, and a network 3. The charge / discharge planning device 2, the in-vehicle terminals 4, the base station planning management terminals 5, and the charge / discharge control devices 6 are connected to each other via the network 3 and can communicate data with each other.

[0017] It should be noted that the network 3 connecting the charge / discharge planning device 2 and each in-vehicle terminal 4, and the network 3 connecting the charge / discharge planning device 2 and each base station planning management terminal 5, and the network 3 connecting the charge / discharge planning device 2 and each charge / discharge control device 6 do not necessarily have to be the same network. In this embodiment, for example, the network 3 connecting the charge / discharge planning device 2 and each in-vehicle terminal 4, and the network 3 connecting the charge / discharge planning device 2 and each base station planning management terminal is assumed to be a wireless communication network such as a mobile terminal network or a wide-area wireless network, while the network 3 connecting the charge / discharge planning device 2 and each charge / discharge control device 6 is assumed to be a wired communication network such as the Internet.

[0018] The charge / discharge planning device 2 is, for example, a general-purpose computer and includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 10, RAM (Random Access Memory) 11, ROM (Read Only Memory) 12, auxiliary storage device 13, input device 14, display device 15, media reader 16, and communication device 17.

[0019] The CPU 10 is a processor that controls the operation of the entire charge / discharge planning device 2. The RAM 11 is a volatile semiconductor memory. The RAM 11 is used as the working memory of the CPU 10 to temporarily store various programs and data.

[0020] ROM12 is a non-volatile semiconductor memory. ROM12 is used to store programs and other data necessary for starting the charge / discharge planning device 2.

[0021] The auxiliary storage device 13 is a large-capacity non-volatile storage device such as a hard disk drive or an SSD (Solid State Drive). The auxiliary storage device 13 stores various programs other than those stored in the ROM 12, as well as data that needs to be stored for a long period of time.

[0022] In this embodiment, the program stored in the auxiliary storage device 13 is read into the RAM 11 by the CPU 10 when the charge / discharge planning device 2 is started or when necessary. The program read into the RAM 11 is executed by the CPU 10, thereby executing various processes for the entire charge / discharge planning device 2 as described later.

[0023] The input device 14 is a device used by the user to input information into the charge / discharge planning device 2. The input device 14 is a keyboard, mouse, etc. The display device 15 is a display device such as a liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) display. The display device 15 is used to display various information. Alternatively, a touch panel integrating these functions may be used instead of the input device 14 and the display device 15.

[0024] The media reader 16 is a device that reads information stored on a portable storage medium, such as a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory. The communication device 17 is a device equipped with communication functions for sending and receiving information between each in-vehicle terminal 4, each base station planning management terminal 5, and each charge / discharge control device 6 via the network 3. The communication device 17 consists of, for example, wired and / or wireless NICs (Network Interface Cards).

[0025] The in-vehicle terminal 4 is a dedicated wireless communication terminal device installed in each vehicle. In this embodiment, examples of vehicles include electric vehicles and vehicles powered by means other than electricity. Examples of vehicles powered by means other than electricity include gasoline cars and so-called hybrid cars. In this embodiment, electric vehicles may be collectively referred to as vehicles unless there is a need to make a particular distinction. The in-vehicle terminal 4 is equipped with a display device such as a small liquid crystal display or an organic EL display.

[0026] The base planning and management terminal 5 is a general-purpose computer installed at each base for charging (or discharging) vehicles. The charge / discharge control device 6 is a power converter device installed at each base.

[0027] The charge / discharge control device 6 controls, for example, charging an electric vehicle from grid power, charging a battery from grid power, charging an electric vehicle from renewable energy power generation equipment such as solar power generation, charging a battery from renewable energy power generation equipment, discharging from the battery to an electric vehicle, and discharging from the battery to a building.

[0028] Figure 2 is a system configuration diagram showing an example of the software configuration of the charge / discharge planning system 1, which includes a charge / discharge planning device 2 according to the first embodiment. The charge / discharge planning device 2 comprises a control unit 20, a storage unit 21, an input unit 22, a display unit 23, and a communication unit 24. The charge / discharge planning device 2 plans the charge / discharge of at least one electric vehicle using grid power from at least one of multiple power sources, including power generated using renewable energy and power from a storage battery.

[0029] The memory unit 21 includes the RAM 11, ROM 12, and auxiliary storage device 13 described above. The memory unit 21 holds the operation information table 34, the vehicle information table 35, the charger information table 37, the battery information table 38, and at least one of the grid power demand forecast information table 39 and the weather forecast information table 40.

[0030] Furthermore, the memory unit 21 holds an evaluation information table 41, a parameter information table 42, and a charge / discharge plan proposal information table 43. The memory unit 21 may also hold a base information table 36. The memory unit 21 holds a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario information table 44 and a grid power demand fluctuation scenario information table 45.

[0031] The Operation Information Table 34 stores electric vehicle operation information, which shows the operation plan of vehicles such as electric vehicles. The Vehicle Information Table 35 stores vehicle information, which shows the status of electric vehicles, for example, information about vehicles including electric vehicles that can be used when executing a planned charge / discharge schedule. The Base Information Table 36 stores information about bases where vehicles will be charged. The Charger Information Table 37 stores information about chargers installed at bases. The Battery Information Table 38 stores information about batteries. The Grid Power Demand Forecast Information Table 39 stores forecast information, such as grid power demand forecast information, which shows the grid power demand forecast (for example, the amount of electricity demand for the next day). The Weather Forecast Information Table 40 stores weather forecast information, which shows weather forecasts (for example, the weather conditions for the next day) at the location of renewable energy power plants such as solar power plants and bases. The weather forecast information is referenced for the amount of sunshine it contains and is used, for example, to forecast the amount of electricity generated by renewable energy power plants.

[0032] The evaluation information table 41 stores information about partial items in the objective function used to evaluate the proposed charge-discharge plan. The parameter information table 42 stores information about the constraint parameters used when formulating the charge-discharge plan.

[0033] The control unit 20 performs various processes by having the CPU 10 execute a dedicated program stored in the auxiliary storage device 13 described above. The control unit 20 formulates a charge / discharge plan as a candidate solution. The control unit 20 includes a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario creation unit 30, a grid power demand fluctuation scenario creation unit 31, a charge / discharge plan proposal creation unit 32, and a charge / discharge plan proposal evaluation unit 33.

[0034] The control unit 20 creates multiple charge / discharge plan proposals based on an operation information table 34 for managing electric vehicle operation information, a vehicle information table 35 for managing vehicle information, a charger information table 37 for managing charger information, a battery information table 38 for managing battery information, and at least one of a grid power demand forecast information table 39 for managing grid power demand forecast information and a weather forecast information table 40 for managing weather forecast information.

[0035] The control unit 20 generates at least one of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario, which involves varying the amount of renewable energy generated, and a grid power fluctuation scenario, which involves varying the demand for grid power, based on at least one of the weather forecast information table 40 and the grid power demand forecast information table 39.

[0036] The control unit 20 runs simulations for each of the multiple charge-discharge plan options under at least one of the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario and the grid power fluctuation scenario, and calculates a charge-discharge plan evaluation value as an example of an evaluation value for each of the multiple charge-discharge plan options based on the results of the simulations. Based on the calculated charge-discharge plan evaluation value, the control unit 20 selects one of the multiple charge-discharge plan options as the charge-discharge plan that satisfies the pre-set constraints. The constraints will be described later. In this embodiment, the charge-discharge plan evaluation value may be abbreviated as "evaluation value".

[0037] The charge / discharge plan proposal information table 43 stores information about the charge / discharge plan proposals created by the control unit 20. The charge / discharge plan proposal information table 43 stores a plurality of charge / discharge plans, which are formulated as candidate solutions, including at least one of a vehicle-specific charge / discharge plan, such as an electric vehicle, and a battery-specific charge / discharge plan.

[0038] The renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario information table 44 stores information about renewable energy generation fluctuation scenarios created by the control unit 20. The grid power demand fluctuation scenario information table 45 stores information about grid power demand fluctuation scenarios created by the control unit 20.

[0039] The control unit 20 includes the probability of a grid power fluctuation scenario occurring in the grid power fluctuation scenario, and calculates the charge / discharge plan evaluation value using the probability of a grid power fluctuation scenario occurring.

[0040] The control unit 20 includes the probability of the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario occurring in the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario, and calculates the charge / discharge plan evaluation value using the probability of the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario occurring.

[0041] The control unit 20 may include the probability of a grid power fluctuation scenario occurring in the grid power fluctuation scenario, and the probability of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario occurring in the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario, and may calculate the charge / discharge plan evaluation value using at least one of the probability of a grid power fluctuation scenario occurring and the probability of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario occurring.

[0042] When the control unit 20 performs charging and discharging of the electric vehicle based on the adopted charging and discharging plan, it acquires actual grid power demand forecast information indicating the demand for grid power, and updates the adopted charging and discharging plan based on the acquired grid power demand forecast information.

[0043] In this embodiment, the price of grid electricity fluctuates according to the demand for grid electricity, and the grid electricity demand forecast information table 39, which manages grid electricity demand forecast information, is information that shows the predicted price of grid electricity. The predicted price referred to here is, for example, the electricity cost described later.

[0044] In this embodiment, the operation information table 34, which manages electric vehicle operation information, manages the departure time, arrival time, and power consumption between the departure time and arrival time for each vehicle, including electric vehicles. Based on the operation information table 34, which manages electric vehicle operation information, the control unit 20 identifies the amount of power each electric vehicle will need for subsequent operations, and adopts one of the multiple charge / discharge plans, with the objective function being to minimize the number of times the electric vehicle runs out of power during operation, and the constraint being that the electric vehicle can be charged between the return time and the departure time.

[0045] The control unit 20 calculates at least one of the following evaluation values ​​as charge / discharge plan evaluation values: an evaluation value related to the stability rate of grid power and an evaluation value related to the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0046] The memory unit 21 holds a location information table 36 that manages location information related to the locations where storage batteries are placed, and the control unit 20 creates multiple charge / discharge plan proposals based on the location information table 36.

[0047] In this embodiment, the constraint is, for example, that at least one of the renewable energy utilization rate and the grid power stabilization rate is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold.

[0048] The input unit 22 receives information input via the input device 14 described above. The display unit 23 visualizes the necessary information and displays it on the display device 15. The communication unit 24 communicates with the in-vehicle terminal 4, the base planning management terminal 5, and the charge / discharge control device 6 via the communication device 17.

[0049] On the other hand, the in-vehicle terminal 4 includes a communication unit 46 and a display unit 47. The communication unit 46 transmits current status information of the vehicle on which the in-vehicle terminal 4 is installed to the charge / discharge planning device 2. The communication unit 46 has the function of receiving the vehicle charge / discharge plan for that vehicle transmitted from the charge / discharge planning device 2. The display unit 47 displays the vehicle charge / discharge plan received by the communication unit 46 on a display device (not shown) provided in the in-vehicle terminal 4.

[0050] The base station planning management terminal 5 includes a communication unit 48 and a display unit 49. The communication unit 48 receives the battery charge and discharge plan for the base station where the base station planning management terminal 5 is installed, which has been transmitted from the charge and discharge planning device 2. The display unit 49 has the function of visually displaying the battery charge and discharge plan received by the communication unit 48 on a display device (not shown) provided in the base station planning management terminal 5.

[0051] The charge / discharge control device 6 comprises a communication unit 50 and a control unit 51. The communication unit 50 has the function of receiving vehicle charge / discharge plans and battery charge / discharge plans transmitted from the charge / discharge planning device 2 to the base where the charge / discharge control device 6 is installed. The control unit 51 controls the charging and discharging of the vehicle according to the vehicle charge / discharge plan received by the communication unit 50. The control unit 51 controls the charging and discharging of the battery according to the battery charge / discharge plan received by the communication unit 50.

[0052] The charge-discharge planning system 1 equipped with the charge-discharge planning device 2 according to this embodiment has the configuration described above. Next, with reference to the above figures, the process of formulating a vehicle charge-discharge plan and a battery charge-discharge plan as an example of a charge-discharge planning method will be explained. First, an overview of the charge-discharge planning method will be described.

[0053] The charge / discharge planning method is a charge / discharge planning method for a charge / discharge planning device 2 that plans a charge / discharge plan for at least one electric vehicle using grid power from at least one of multiple power sources, including power generated using renewable energy and power from a storage battery, and includes a holding step in which the storage unit 21 stores: an operation information table 34 that manages electric vehicle operation information showing the operation plan of the electric vehicle; a vehicle information table 35 that manages vehicle information showing the status of the electric vehicle; a charger information table 37 that manages charger information showing information about the charger; a battery information table 38 that manages battery information showing information about the storage battery; and at least one of a grid power demand forecast information table 39 that manages grid power demand forecast information showing grid power demand forecast information and a weather forecast information table 40 that manages weather forecast information showing weather forecast information, and the control unit 20 stores: the operation information table 34 that manages electric vehicle operation information; the vehicle information table 35 that manages vehicle information; the charger information table 37 that manages charger information; the battery information table 38 that manages battery information; and the grid power demand forecast information. The system includes: a charge / discharge plan creation step in which a plurality of charge / discharge plan proposals are created based on at least one of a grid power demand forecast information table 39 and a weather forecast information table 40 that manages weather forecast information; a scenario generation step in which the control unit 20 generates at least one of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario that changes the amount of renewable energy generated and a grid power fluctuation scenario that changes the demand for grid power, based on at least one of a weather forecast information table 40 that manages weather forecast information and a grid power demand forecast information table 39 that manages grid power demand forecast information; an evaluation value calculation step in which the control unit 20 runs a simulation under at least one of the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario and the grid power fluctuation scenario for each of the plurality of charge / discharge plan proposals and calculates a charge / discharge plan evaluation value for each of the plurality of charge / discharge plan proposals based on the results of the simulation; and a charge / discharge plan adoption step in which the control unit 20 adopts one of the plurality of charge / discharge plan proposals as a charge / discharge plan that satisfies pre-set constraints based on the calculated charge / discharge plan evaluation value.

[0054] Figure 3 shows an example of a vehicle information table 35. The vehicle information table 35 includes at least a "vehicle name" to identify the vehicle, a "type" indicating the vehicle type, a "fuel consumption" indicating the vehicle's energy consumption, a "battery capacity" indicating the vehicle's battery capacity, and a "battery level" indicating the vehicle's battery level at the time of reception. Furthermore, the vehicle information table 35 may also include a "minimum charge amount" indicating the minimum charge amount required for the vehicle to operate. The "type" indicating the vehicle type manages, for example, whether "vehicle 1" is a "plug-in charging type". "Plug-in charging type" refers to a configuration in which the charging plug of a charger is inserted into a battery that is not removable from the vehicle to charge it. Note that in the case of "plug-in charging type", it may also be a configuration in which the charging plug of a charger is inserted into a battery that is not removable from the vehicle to discharge the battery (i.e., a configuration in which the battery's power is used to charge the battery). Furthermore, although not shown in the diagram, the vehicle information table 35 may also include a "carbon dioxide emission cost per unit of electricity consumption (kg / kWh)" indicating the amount of carbon dioxide emissions incurred per unit of electricity consumption.

[0055] Figure 4 shows an example of a vehicle operation information table 34. The vehicle operation information table 34 has at least the following columns: "Vehicle Name" to identify the vehicle, "Route Name" to indicate the assigned delivery route, "Departure Date and Time" to indicate the departure date and time of the delivery route, "Arrival Date and Time" to indicate the arrival date and time of the delivery route, "Distance Traveled" to indicate the distance traveled for the delivery route, and "Power Consumption" to indicate the power consumption of the delivery route.

[0056] Figure 5 shows an example of a location information table 36. The location information table 36 includes at least "Contract Power," which indicates the contracted power value of the grid power plan that the location has contracted with the power company. The location information table 36 may also include "Latitude," which indicates the latitude of the location, and "Longitude," which indicates the longitude of the location. The location information table 36 may also include "Number of Installed Chargers," which indicates the number of installed chargers and batteries, and "Number of Installed Batteries." Furthermore, the location information table 36 may include "Business Start / End Times," which include "Start Time," which indicates the time when the business of the location begins, and "End Time," which indicates the time when the business ends.

[0057] Figure 6 shows an example of a charger information table 37. The charger information table 37 includes at least a "charger number" that identifies the charger at the location, a "charge amount" that indicates the amount of charge that can be charged per unit time using the charger, and a "reception time" that indicates the time the charger is available. The "reception time" may also include a "start" indicating the start time of the period during which reception is possible, and an "end" indicating the end time of the period during which reception is possible. The charger information table 37 may also include a "charging mode" that indicates the charging mode that can be used at the charger. Furthermore, the charger information table 37 may also include an "electricity charge" that indicates the electricity charge required for charging per unit time.

[0058] Figure 7 shows an example of a battery information table 38. The battery information table 38 includes at least a "battery number" that identifies the battery installed at the site, a "capacity" that indicates the battery capacity, a "charging rate" that indicates the amount of charge stored per hour, and a "discharge rate" that indicates the amount of charge discharged per hour. Furthermore, the battery information table 38 may also include a "charging loss rate" that indicates the loss rate during charging and a "discharge loss rate" that indicates the loss rate during discharging.

[0059] Figure 8 shows an example of a grid power demand forecast information table 39. The grid power demand forecast information table 39 includes at least a "time period" indicating time periods at regular intervals, and a "grid power forecast demand" indicating the predicted amount of grid power demand during those time periods.

[0060] "Grid power forecast demand" may be substituted, for example, by the ratio of the predicted grid power demand to the maximum power load. Furthermore, the grid power demand forecast information table 39 may also include "power cost" indicating the power cost during that time period and "error" indicating the error in the forecast.

[0061] Figure 9 shows an example of a weather forecast information table 40. The weather forecast information table 40 includes at least "time period" indicating time periods at regular intervals, "solar radiation" indicating the predicted amount of solar radiation during that time period, "wind speed" indicating the predicted wind speed during that time period, and "probability of rain," "probability of sunshine," and "probability of cloudy weather" indicating the probabilities of rain, sunshine, and cloudy weather, respectively. Furthermore, the weather forecast information table 40 may also include "error" indicating the error in the forecast.

[0062] Figure 10 shows an example of an evaluation information table 41. The evaluation information table 41 includes at least "items" that indicate items that affect the evaluation function, and "evaluation weights" that indicate the weight of each item in the evaluation function.

[0063] Figure 11 shows an example of a parameter information table 42. The parameter information table 42 includes at least a "parameter number" indicating the number of the parameter used during the charge / discharge plan formulation process, a "parameter item" indicating the item, and a "value set" indicating the set of values ​​corresponding to each item.

[0064] Figure 12A shows an example of a charge / discharge plan information table 43. The charge / discharge plan information table 43 includes at least a "plan number" that identifies the plan number, "parameter 1" and "parameter 2" that indicate the values ​​of parameter 1 and parameter 2, respectively, an "electric vehicle charge / discharge plan" that shows the planned charge / discharge time, charging power source, discharge destination, and charge / discharge amount for the electric vehicle, and a "battery charge / discharge plan" that shows the planned charge time, charge source, charge amount, or discharge time, discharge destination, and discharge amount for the battery.

[0065] Figure 12B shows an example of an electric vehicle charge / discharge plan. An electric vehicle charge / discharge plan includes at least a "vehicle number" to identify multiple vehicles, including the electric vehicle; a "charger number" to identify chargers; a "charging source" to indicate the charging source of the charger; a "charging amount" to indicate the amount of charge in the charger; and "time (start and end)" to indicate the start and end of charging to the charger.

[0066] Figure 12C shows an example of a battery charging and discharging plan. A battery charging and discharging plan includes at least a "battery number" to identify batteries, "charging / discharging" to indicate whether it is charging or discharging to the battery, "discharge destination" to indicate the destination of the battery's discharge, "charging / discharging amount" to indicate the amount of charging / discharging to the battery, "remaining charge" to indicate the remaining charge of the battery, and "time (start and end)" to indicate the start and end of charging to the battery.

[0067] Figure 13 shows an example of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario information table 44. The renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario information table 44 includes at least a "scenario number" that identifies a scenario, and "renewable energy generation amount by time period" that indicates the amount of renewable energy generated for each time period.

[0068] Figure 14 shows an example of a grid power demand fluctuation scenario information table 45. The grid power demand fluctuation scenario information table 45 includes at least a "scenario number" that identifies a scenario and "grid power demand per time period" that indicates the grid power demand per time period.

[0069] The grid power stability factor is calculated, for example, using the grid power demand fluctuation scenario information table 45 and the charge / discharge plan information table 43, using the following equation (1). Grid power stability ratio = (Number of time periods when the sum of grid power used and grid demand is less than or equal to the grid load) / Total time periods ... (1) Grid power used = Amount charged by electric vehicles - Amount discharged by electric vehicles + Amount stored in batteries - Amount discharged from batteries - Amount of electricity generated from directly utilized renewable energy ... (1)

[0070] The utilization rate of renewable energy is calculated, for example, using the battery information table 38 and the charge / discharge plan information table 43, as shown in equation (2) below. Renewable energy utilization rate = {Amount of electricity generated from directly used renewable energy + Amount of electricity generated from renewable energy used via storage batteries × (Storage loss rate + Discharge loss rate)} / Amount of electricity generated from renewable energy ... (2)

[0071] In step S600, the charge / discharge plan evaluation unit 33 calculates the average of the evaluation values ​​for all scenarios for each candidate solution. The evaluation value for each scenario is calculated using the evaluation information table 41 and the charge / discharge plan information table 43 as shown in equation (3) below. Evaluation value = (Evaluation weight of power depletion rate) × (Evaluation value of power depletion rate) + (Evaluation weight of grid power stability rate) × (Evaluation value of grid power stability rate) ... (3)

[0072] The average of the evaluation values ​​for all scenarios is calculated using the following formula (4). Average of evaluation values ​​for all scenarios = (Σ シナリオ 評価値 ) / Number of scenarios ··· (4)

[0073] Figure 15 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure for formulating a vehicle charge / discharge plan and a battery charge / discharge plan according to the first embodiment. The formulating process for the vehicle charge / discharge plan and the battery charge / discharge plan starts, for example, when the input unit 22 receives a predetermined input. When the formulating process starts, the charge / discharge planning device 2 reads input data from the in-vehicle terminal 4, the charge / discharge control device 6, and the input device 14 into the storage unit 21 (step S100).

[0074] In step S100, the control unit 20 causes the storage unit 21 to read, for example, the operation information table 34, the vehicle information table 35, the base information table 36, the charger information table 37, the battery information table 38, the grid power demand forecast information table 39, the weather forecast information table 40, the evaluation information table 41, and the parameter information table 42 from the input device 14 or the like.

[0075] In step S200, the charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 uses at least one of the operation information table 34, vehicle information table 35, base information table 36, charger information table 37, battery information table 38, grid power demand forecast information table 39, and weather forecast information table 40, as well as the evaluation information table 41 and parameter information table 42, to perform charge / discharge plan creation processing for all electric vehicles and all batteries.

[0076] The charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 formulates multiple charge / discharge plans, including at least one of a vehicle-specific charge / discharge plan such as an electric vehicle and a battery-specific charge / discharge plan, and stores information on these multiple charge / discharge plans as candidate solutions in the charge / discharge plan information table 43 (step S200).

[0077] The renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario creation unit 30 creates multiple renewable energy fluctuation scenarios for renewable energy power generation over a certain period of time, based on the weather forecast information in the weather forecast information table 40, according to the possibility of changes in weather. The multiple renewable energy fluctuation scenarios include renewable energy utilization rates. The renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario creation unit 30 stores information about the created renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenarios in the renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario information table 44 (step S300).

[0078] The grid power demand fluctuation scenario creation unit 31 creates multiple grid power demand fluctuation scenarios for grid power demand over a certain period of time, based on the grid power demand forecast information described above, according to the possibility of demand changes (step S400). The multiple grid power demand fluctuation scenarios include a grid power stability rate. The grid power demand fluctuation scenario creation unit 31 stores information about the created grid power demand fluctuation scenarios in the grid power demand fluctuation scenario information table 45.

[0079] The charge / discharge plan evaluation unit 33 evaluates the grid power stability rate and renewable energy utilization rate included in each candidate solution for each combination of renewable energy generation scenario and grid power demand fluctuation scenario (step S500).

[0080] Specifically, in step S500, the charge / discharge plan evaluation unit 33 simulates the operation of each candidate solution under combinations of renewable energy generation scenarios and grid power demand fluctuation scenarios, and evaluates whether the grid power stability rate and renewable energy utilization rate are above the thresholds that satisfy each constraint condition.

[0081] The charge / discharge plan evaluation unit 33 evaluates a higher grid power stability rate and renewable energy utilization rate as a higher evaluation value. After the evaluation of each candidate solution is completed for all scenarios, the charge / discharge plan evaluation unit 33 calculates the average of the evaluation values ​​for all scenarios for each candidate solution (step S600).

[0082] In step S700, the charge / discharge plan evaluation unit 33 outputs, for example, the candidate solution with the highest average value of the evaluation values ​​to the display unit 23. The communication unit 24 transmits information about this candidate charge / discharge plan to the in-vehicle terminal 4, the base station planning management terminal 5, and the charge / discharge control device 6 via the network 3.

[0083] Figure 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure for creating a charge / discharge plan. When the charge / discharge plan creation process is started, the charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 reads the operation information table 34, vehicle information table 35, base information table 36, charger information table 37, battery information table 38, grid power demand forecast information table 39, weather forecast information table 40, evaluation information table 41, and parameter information table 42 from the storage unit 21 (step S210). The charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 stores the set of values ​​for parameter 1 of the read parameter information table 42 as set 1, and the set of values ​​for parameter 2 as set 2 (step S210).

[0084] The charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 repeatedly executes steps S220 to S260 until set 1 becomes an empty set. The charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 repeatedly executes steps S220 to S240 until set 2 becomes an empty set.

[0085] The charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 constructs a charge / discharge plan model and at least one of a battery storage / discharge plan model, for example, with the constraint that the onboard battery can be charged at the charging / discharging base between the time the electric vehicle returns to the charging / discharging base after completing a task and before departing for the next task. This model realizes at least one of the following: the electric vehicle can be charged using at least one of grid power, renewable energy generated power, and battery power; the battery can be stored using at least one of grid power and renewable energy generated power; and the battery can be discharged to the electric vehicle or as a power source for the building.

[0086] The charge / discharge plan generation unit 32 adds the following constraints to the mathematical model: "the lower limit of the battery utilization rate is n" and "the maximum number of divisions for charging the electric vehicle is m," given that the first element of set 1 is n and the first element of set 2 is m. The charge / discharge plan generation unit 32 solves a mathematical model whose objective function is to minimize the number of times the electric vehicle runs out of power during delivery using a general mathematical optimization method (step S220).

[0087] The charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 determines whether an executable plan has been generated after solving the mathematical model. If an executable plan exists, the charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 executes steps S230 and S240; if no executable plan exists, it executes S240.

[0088] In step S230, the charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 adds the plan to the charge / discharge plan information table 43. In step S240, the charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 removes the first element from set 2. If set 2 is an empty set, the charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 executes step S250. If set 1 is not an empty set, the charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 returns to step S220 and executes it.

[0089] The charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 converts set 2 into a set of parameter 2 values ​​(step S250). The charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 deletes the first element of set 1 (step S260). If set 1 is an empty set, the charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 terminates the charge / discharge plan creation process. If set 1 is not an empty set, the charge / discharge plan creation unit 32 returns to step S220 and executes this process.

[0090] Figure 17 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure for creating a renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario. When the renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario creation process is started, the renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario creation unit 30 reads the weather forecast information table 40 from the storage unit 21 (step S310).

[0091] The renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario creation unit 30 calculates the sum of solar power generation and wind power generation for each time period, assuming rain, sunshine, and cloudy conditions (step S320). The renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario creation unit 30 calculates the expected value of power generation for each time period (step S330). The renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario creation unit 30 repeatedly executes steps S340 to S350 until it reaches the set number of scenarios.

[0092] In step S340, the renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario creation unit 30 generates random numbers following a normal distribution for each time period such that the average value is the expected value of power generation, and uses these as the predicted power generation for that time period. In step S350, the renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario creation unit 30 adds the time series data to the renewable energy power generation fluctuation scenario information table 44.

[0093] Figure 18 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure for creating a grid power demand fluctuation scenario. When the grid power demand fluctuation scenario creation process is started, the grid power demand fluctuation scenario creation unit 31 reads the grid power demand forecast information table 39 from the storage unit 21 (step S410).

[0094] The grid power demand fluctuation scenario creation unit 31 repeatedly executes steps S420 to S430 until it reaches the set number of scenarios. In step S420, the grid power demand fluctuation scenario creation unit 31 generates random numbers according to a normal distribution for each time period such that the average value becomes the predicted grid power demand, and sets these as the grid power demand for that time period.

[0095] In step S430, the grid power demand fluctuation scenario creation unit 31 adds time-series data to the grid power demand fluctuation scenario information table 45.

[0096] Figure 19 shows an example of a display screen 1000 that displays an overview of the results of an electric vehicle charge / discharge plan. The display screen 1000 is an example of a screen displayed on the display device 15 of the charge / discharge planning device 2. The display screen 1000 has a display area 1100 for the evaluation results of all candidate solutions. Candidate solutions and evaluation values ​​obtained during calculation, as well as individual evaluation values ​​for each scenario, can be checked.

[0097] Figure 20 shows an example of the display screen 2000 of the in-vehicle terminal 4. The display screen 2000 has a display area 2100 for the vehicle schedule in the best plan and a display area 2200 for the vehicle's travel route.

[0098] The display area 2100 for vehicle schedules, including electric vehicles, displays, for example, the vehicle, the start and end dates and times for the delivery route patrol associated with the task, the name of the delivery route, the amount of power consumed, and the amount of power charged. Furthermore, in the case of a delivery route patrol, more detailed status of tasks such as departure, loading, transit, unloading, and arrival may also be displayed. The display area 2200 for vehicle travel route displays the vehicle's travel route.

[0099] Figure 21 shows an example of the display screen 3000 of the base station planning management terminal 5. The display screen 3000 mainly consists of a display area 3100 for the vehicle charge / discharge plan Gantt chart and a display area 3200 for the detailed charge / discharge plan. In the example shown, "renewable energy" refers to "renewable energy."

[0100] Specifically, the display area 3100 of the vehicle charge / discharge plan Gantt chart shows the charging time and the source of the charged power for each vehicle, the discharge time and destination of the discharged power, and the delivery route assigned when a driver is assigned to a delivery route.

[0101] For example, Vehicle 1 operates on delivery route 1 from 8:00 to 10:00, is charged from grid power from 11:00 to 13:00, is charged again from 13:00 to 14:00 using renewable energy generated via a battery, operates on delivery route 2 from 15:00 to 17:00, and is discharged to grid power from 17:00 to 19:00.

[0102] The detailed charge / discharge plan display area 3200 shows a dropdown list 3200A for selecting individual vehicles or all vehicles, and a detailed charge / discharge plan for the vehicle selected by the dropdown list 3200A.

[0103] For example, charger number "1" indicates that it was charged with 12.0 kWh from grid power between 10:00 and 12:00 on April 1st. On the other hand, charger number "2" indicates that it was charged with 6.0 kWh from renewable energy generation via battery "Battery 1" between 12:00 and 12:30 on April 1st.

[0104] Figure 22 shows an example of the display screen 4000 of the base station planning management terminal 5. The display screen 4000 has a display area 4100 for the battery storage and discharge plan, and a display area 4200 for the battery's daily usage status, which shows the amount of power stored and discharged for each time period in a bar graph.

[0105] The battery charge / discharge plan display area 4100 displays the charge / discharge plans for all batteries. The charge / discharge plan displays the battery number, charge / discharge status, charge source, discharge destination, charge / discharge amount (the amount of energy used for charging and discharging), remaining energy amount (the amount of energy remaining after the charge / discharge), and the start and end dates and times of that state. Note that "Renewable Energy" in the diagram indicates that the charge source is electricity generated from renewable energy sources.

[0106] The display area 4200 for the daily usage status of the storage batteries includes a drop-down list 4200A for selecting individual storage batteries or all storage batteries, and a bar graph 4200B corresponding to the type of storage battery selected by the drop-down list 4200A. The bar graph 4200B displays the amount of charge stored and discharged during each time period, with different colors indicating the origin of the power. The dotted line indicates the remaining power during that time period.

[0107] According to the embodiments described above, for example, with constraints such as avoiding electric vehicle depletion, a charge-discharge plan that satisfies robustness can be selected from among multiple charge-discharge plan options based on a charge-discharge plan evaluation value.

[0108] (2) Second embodiment The charge-discharge planning system equipped with the charge-discharge planning device according to the second embodiment has substantially the same configuration and operation as the charge-discharge planning system 1 equipped with the charge-discharge planning device 2 according to the first embodiment. Therefore, the explanation of the similar configuration and operation will be omitted, and the following explanation will focus on the differences.

[0109] In the second embodiment, the charge / discharge planning system 1 according to the first embodiment is further extended to include, for example, battery-swappable electric vehicles equipped with detachable replaceable batteries, thereby also managing the charge / discharge of replaceable batteries.

[0110] Figure 23 is a system diagram showing an example of the configuration of a charge / discharge planning system 1A equipped with a charge / discharge planning device 2A according to the second embodiment. The charge / discharge planning device 2A according to the second embodiment newly stores a replaceable battery information table 52 in the storage unit 21.

[0111] Figure 24 shows an example of a vehicle information table 35A according to the second embodiment. In addition to the configuration of the vehicle information table 35 according to the first embodiment, the vehicle information table 35A newly includes an item "Installed Battery" that indicates the name of the battery installed in the initial vehicle. Furthermore, the vehicle information table 35A can also handle cases where the electric vehicle is a "battery-replaceable type". The "Type" item, which indicates the type of vehicle, not only manages whether an electric vehicle such as "Vehicle 1" is a "plug-in charging type" as in the first embodiment, but also manages whether it is a "battery-replaceable type". "Battery-replaceable type" means, for example, that the vehicle is an electric vehicle in which the battery can be installed in a removable manner.

[0112] Figure 25 shows an example of the operation information table 34A according to the second embodiment. In addition to the configuration of the operation information table 34 according to the first embodiment, the operation information table 34A has a "battery" column that indicates the newly installed battery. The operation information table 34A manages the battery replacement schedule in the "task name" column and manages the battery before replacement and the battery after replacement in the "battery" column.

[0113] Figure 26 shows an example of a replaceable battery information table 52 according to the second embodiment. The replaceable battery information table 52 has at least the following columns: "battery name" to identify the battery, "task name" to indicate the task it is responsible for, "initial location" to indicate that the battery is held in a vehicle or base that possesses the battery at the time of planning, "battery capacity" to indicate the battery capacity, and "battery level" to indicate the battery level at the time of reception. Furthermore, the replaceable battery information table 52 may also have a "minimum charge amount" to indicate the minimum charge amount required for the battery.

[0114] In step S100 of Figure 15, the charge / discharge planning device 2 reads not only input data from the in-vehicle terminal 4, the charge / discharge control device 6, and the input device 14, but also the replaceable battery information table 52 into the storage unit 21, as in the first embodiment.

[0115] In step S220 of Figure 16, in the first embodiment, the constraint was that the electric vehicle must be able to be charged at the base between the time it returns to the base after completing a delivery task and the time it departs for the next delivery task. In the second embodiment, however, the constraint is that, for example, a battery-swappable electric vehicle must be able to be charged at the base between the time it returns to the base after battery swapping and the time it is installed in the next electric vehicle.

[0116] Figure 27 shows an example of the display screen 5000 of the base planning management terminal 5 according to the second embodiment. The display screen 5000 according to the second embodiment includes a display area 5100 for the battery charge / discharge plan Gantt chart and a display area 5200 for the detailed charge / discharge plan.

[0117] Specifically, the display area 5100 of the battery charge / discharge plan Gantt chart displays the vehicle in which each battery is installed, the time period of installation, the time period for charging, the source of the charging power, the time period for discharging, and the destination of the discharged power. The display area 3200 of the detailed charge / discharge plan displays a dropdown list 5200A for selecting each battery or all batteries, and the detailed charge / discharge plan 5200B for the battery selected by the dropdown list 5200A.

[0118] As described above, the charge / discharge planning device according to this embodiment plans the charge / discharge of at least one electric vehicle using grid power from at least one of a plurality of power sources, including power generated using renewable energy and power from a storage battery. The device includes a storage unit 21 that holds an operation information table 34 for managing electric vehicle operation information showing the operation plan of the electric vehicle, a vehicle information table 35 for managing vehicle information showing the status of the electric vehicle, a charger information table 37 for managing charger information showing information about the charger, a battery information table 38 for managing battery information showing information about the storage battery, and at least one of a grid power demand forecast information table 39 for managing grid power demand forecast information showing grid power demand forecast information and a weather forecast information table 40 for managing weather forecast information showing weather forecasts, and a control unit 20 that plans the charge / discharge plan. The control unit 20 creates multiple charge / discharge plan proposals based on the operation information table 34, the vehicle information table 35, the charger information table 37, the battery information table 38, and at least one of the grid power demand forecast information table 39 and the weather forecast information table 40. Based on at least one of the weather forecast information table 40 and the grid power demand forecast information table 39, it generates at least one of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario that varies the amount of renewable energy generated and a grid power fluctuation scenario that varies the demand for grid power. For each of the multiple charge / discharge plan proposals, it runs a simulation under at least one of the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario and the grid power fluctuation scenario. Based on the simulation results, it calculates a charge / discharge plan evaluation value for each of the multiple charge / discharge plan proposals, and based on the calculated charge / discharge plan evaluation value, it selects one of the multiple charge / discharge plan proposals to satisfy the pre-set constraints.

[0119] In this way, for example, with constraints such as avoiding electric vehicle depletion, a charge-discharge plan that satisfies robustness can be selected from among multiple charge-discharge plan proposals based on charge-discharge plan evaluation values. Therefore, if the risk of power supply shortages increases due to grid power demand exceeding forecasts or renewable energy generation falling below forecasts, discharging from the battery to the electric vehicle can prevent the electric vehicle from running out of power, and the grid power supply can be stabilized while increasing the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0120] The control unit 20 includes the probability of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario occurring in the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario, and the probability of a grid power fluctuation scenario occurring in the grid power fluctuation scenario. The control unit 20 calculates a charge / discharge plan evaluation value using at least one of the probability of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario occurring and the probability of a grid power fluctuation scenario occurring. In this way, a charge / discharge plan that satisfies robustness can be selected from among multiple charge / discharge plan options based on the probability of at least one of the probability of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario occurring and the probability of a grid power fluctuation scenario occurring.

[0121] When the control unit 20 performs charging and discharging of the electric vehicle based on the adopted charge and discharge plan, it acquires actual grid power demand forecast information indicating the demand for grid power, and updates the adopted charge and discharge plan based on the acquired grid power demand forecast information. In this way, based on the grid power demand forecast information, it is possible to select a charge and discharge plan that satisfies robustness from among multiple charge and discharge plan options.

[0122] In this embodiment, the price of grid electricity fluctuates according to the demand for grid electricity, and the grid electricity demand forecast information table 39, which manages grid electricity demand forecast information, shows "electricity cost (see Figure 8)" as an example of the predicted price of grid electricity. In this way, based on the predicted price of grid electricity, a charge / discharge plan that satisfies robustness can be selected from among multiple charge / discharge plan proposals.

[0123] In this embodiment, the operation information table 34, which manages electric vehicle operation information, manages the departure time, arrival time, and power consumed between the departure time and arrival time for each electric vehicle. Based on the operation information table 34, the control unit 20 identifies the amount of power each electric vehicle will need for subsequent operations, and adopts one of several charge / discharge plans, with the objective function of minimizing the number of times the electric vehicle runs out of power during operation, and the constraint that the electric vehicle can be charged between the return time and the departure time. In this way, the adopted charge / discharge plan ensures that the electric vehicle is charged in a way that minimizes the chances of running out of power during operation.

[0124] The control unit 20 calculates an evaluation value for the charge / discharge plan, which is at least one of an evaluation value related to the stability of the grid power and an evaluation value related to the utilization rate of renewable energy. In this way, based on this at least one evaluation value, a charge / discharge plan that satisfies robustness can be selected from among multiple charge / discharge plan proposals.

[0125] The memory unit 21 maintains a location information table 36 that manages location information related to the locations where the storage batteries are installed. The control unit 20 creates multiple charge / discharge plan proposals based on the above location information. In this way, a charge / discharge plan proposal that satisfies robustness can be selected from among the multiple proposal proposals while taking into account the locations where the storage batteries are installed.

[0126] In this embodiment, the constraint is, for example, that at least one of the renewable energy utilization rate and the grid power stabilization rate is above a predetermined threshold. In this way, a charge / discharge plan that satisfies robustness can be selected from among multiple charge / discharge plan options so that at least one of the renewable energy utilization rate and the grid power stabilization rate is above the threshold.

[0127] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and includes various modifications. For example, the embodiments described above are described in detail to make the present invention easier to understand, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Furthermore, it is possible to replace parts of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment, and it is also possible to add configurations from other embodiments to the configuration of one embodiment. In addition, it is possible to add, delete, or replace parts of the configuration of each embodiment with other configurations.

[0128] Furthermore, each of the above configurations, functions, processing units, and processing means may be implemented in hardware, either partially or entirely, by designing them as integrated circuits, for example. Alternatively, each of the above configurations and functions may be implemented in software by having the processor interpret and execute programs that implement each function. Information regarding programs, tables, files, etc., that implement each function can be stored in memory, a recording device such as a hard disk or SSD (Solid State Drive), or a storage medium such as an IC card, SD card, or DVD.

[0129] Furthermore, the control lines and information lines shown are those deemed necessary for explanatory purposes, and not all control lines and information lines are necessarily shown in the actual product. In reality, it is safe to assume that almost all components are interconnected.

[0130] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but includes various modifications and equivalent configurations within the spirit of the attached claims. For example, the embodiments described above are described in detail for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to having all the configurations described. Also, each element described in parallel in this embodiment may be configured such that at least one of the elements is connected in series with respect to the other elements. [Industrial applicability]

[0131] The present invention can be applied to a charge / discharge planning device relating to a technology for formulating charge / discharge plans. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0132] 1,1A...Charge / Discharge Planning System, 2...Charge / Discharge Planning Device, 2A...Charge / Discharge Planning Device, 4...In-vehicle Terminal, 5...Base Station Planning Management Terminal, 6...Charge / Discharge Control Device, 10...CPU, 11...RAM, 12...ROM, 13...Auxiliary Storage Device, 14...Input Device, 15...Display Device, 16...Media Reader, 17...Communication Device, 20...Control Unit, 30...Renewable Energy Generation Fluctuation Scenario Creation Unit, 31...Grid Power Demand Fluctuation Scenario Creation Unit, 32...Charge / Discharge Plan Proposal Creation Unit, 33...Charge / Discharge Plan Proposal Evaluation Sections 34, 34A... Vehicle Information Table, 35, 35A... Operation Information Table, 36... Base Information Table, 37... Charger Information Table, 38... Battery Information Table, 39... Grid Power Demand Forecast Information Table, 40... Weather Forecast Information Table, 41... Evaluation Information Table, 42... Parameter Information Table, 43... Charge / Discharge Plan Proposal Information Table, 44... Renewable Energy Generation Fluctuation Scenario Information Table, 45... Grid Power Demand Fluctuation Scenario Information Table, 52... Exchangeable Battery Information Table

Claims

1. A charge / discharge planning device for formulating a charge / discharge plan for at least one electric vehicle using grid power from at least one of multiple power sources, including power generated using renewable energy and power from storage batteries, A storage unit that holds electric vehicle operation information indicating the operation plan of the electric vehicle, vehicle information indicating the status of the electric vehicle, charger information indicating information about the charger, battery information indicating information about the battery, and at least one of grid power demand forecast information indicating grid power demand forecast and weather forecast information indicating weather forecast, It includes a control unit that plans the charge and discharge schedule, The control unit, Based on the electric vehicle operation information, the vehicle information, the charger information, the battery information, and at least one of the grid power demand forecast information and the weather forecast information, multiple charge / discharge plan proposals are created. Based on at least one of the weather forecast information and the grid power demand forecast information, at least one of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario that changes the amount of renewable energy generated and a grid power fluctuation scenario that changes the demand for grid power is generated. For each of the above-mentioned multiple charge-discharge plan proposals, a simulation is performed under at least one of the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario and the grid power fluctuation scenario, and a charge-discharge plan evaluation value is calculated for each of the above-mentioned multiple charge-discharge plan proposals based on the results of the simulation. Based on the calculated charge / discharge plan evaluation values, one of the multiple charge / discharge plan options is selected to satisfy the pre-set constraints. A charge / discharge planning device characterized by the following features.

2. The control unit, The aforementioned grid power fluctuation scenario includes the probability of the aforementioned grid power fluctuation scenario occurring. The charge / discharge plan evaluation value is calculated using the probability of the aforementioned grid power fluctuation scenario occurring. The charge / discharge planning device according to feature 1.

3. The control unit, The aforementioned renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario includes the probability of the aforementioned renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario occurring. The charge / discharge plan evaluation value is calculated using the probability of the aforementioned renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario occurring. A charge / discharge planning device according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The control unit, When charging and discharging the electric vehicle based on the adopted charge / discharge plan, actual grid power demand forecast information indicating the demand for grid power is obtained, and the adopted charge / discharge plan is updated based on the obtained grid power demand forecast information. The charge / discharge planning device according to feature 1.

5. The price of the aforementioned grid electricity fluctuates depending on the demand for grid electricity. The aforementioned grid power demand forecast information is information that indicates the predicted price of the grid power. The charge / discharge planning device according to feature 1.

6. The aforementioned electric vehicle operation information manages the departure time, arrival time, and power consumption between the departure and arrival times for each electric vehicle. The control unit, Based on the aforementioned electric vehicle operation information, the amount of electricity required for each electric vehicle in subsequent operation is identified, and with the objective function being to minimize the number of times the electric vehicle runs out of power during operation, and with the constraint that the electric vehicle can be charged between the time of return and the time of departure, one of the multiple charge / discharge plans is selected. The charge / discharge planning device according to feature 1.

7. The control unit, As the charge / discharge plan evaluation value, an evaluation value is calculated that is at least one of the evaluation value related to the stability rate of the grid power and the evaluation value related to the utilization rate of renewable energy. The charge / discharge planning device according to feature 1.

8. The aforementioned storage unit is The system maintains location information relating to the locations where the aforementioned storage batteries are installed. The control unit, Based on the aforementioned location information, the multiple charge / discharge plan proposals are created. The charge / discharge planning device according to feature 1.

9. The aforementioned constraints are: At least one of the utilization rate of renewable energy and the stabilization rate of grid power is above a predetermined threshold. The charge / discharge planning device according to feature 1.

10. A charge / discharge planning method for a charge / discharge planning device that plans the charge / discharge of at least one electric vehicle using grid power from at least one of multiple power sources, including power generated using renewable energy and power from storage batteries, A holding step in which a storage unit stores electric vehicle operation information indicating the operation plan of the electric vehicle, vehicle information indicating the status of the electric vehicle, charger information indicating information about the charger, battery information indicating information about the battery, and at least one of grid power demand forecast information indicating grid power demand forecast information and weather forecast information indicating weather forecast information; and a charge / discharge plan creation step in which a control unit creates a plurality of charge / discharge plan proposals based on the electric vehicle operation information, the vehicle information, the charger information, the battery information, and at least one of the grid power demand forecast information and the weather forecast information. The control unit performs a scenario generation step in which it generates at least one of a renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario that varies the amount of renewable energy generated and a grid power fluctuation scenario that varies the demand for grid power, based on at least one of the weather forecast information and the grid power demand forecast information. The control unit performs a simulation for each of the plurality of charge / discharge plan proposals under at least one of the renewable energy generation fluctuation scenario and the grid power fluctuation scenario, and calculates an evaluation value for the charge / discharge plan proposal based on the results of the simulation. The control unit, based on the calculated charge / discharge plan evaluation value, selects one of the multiple charge / discharge plan options as the charge / discharge plan that satisfies the pre-set constraints in a charge / discharge plan selection step, A charge / discharge planning method characterized by having the following features.

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