Decorative sheets and decorative components

Abstract

To provide a decorative sheet with a strong tactile feel. [Solution] In this disclosure, a decorative sheet is provided having a base layer 1, a design layer 2, and a raised layer 3 having a patterned raised portion in this order in the thickness direction, wherein, when viewed from the thickness direction, the region overlapping with the raised portion is designated as the first region R1, and the region not overlapping with the raised portion is designated as the second region R2, and in an image area of ​​350 mm × 450 mm, for one pixel in the second region, the diameter D of the largest inscribed circle in the second region that includes the one pixel is determined, the average of the diameter D for all pixels in the second region is designated as A, and the sum of the diameters D for all pixels in the second region is designated as B, such that A satisfies A ≤ 9.0 and B satisfies B ≤ 1,500,000.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to decorative sheets and decorative components. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, decorative members having a base and a decorative sheet are used to add aesthetic appeal to the surface of building materials, furniture, etc. Decorative sheets usually have at least a base layer and a design layer. Furthermore, it has been proposed to provide raised areas on the decorative sheet in order to improve its tactile feel. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a decorative sheet in which at least a colored layer, a protective layer covering the colored layer, and a raised layer formed from a number of raised areas provided on the protective layer are laminated in this order on a base. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-87158 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0004] In recent years, there has been a growing demand for decorative sheets that provide a strong tactile sensation. This disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its primary purpose is to provide a decorative sheet that has a strong tactile sensation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In this disclosure, a decorative sheet is provided having a base layer, a design layer, and a raised layer having a patterned raised portion in this order in the thickness direction, wherein, when viewed from the thickness direction, the region overlapping with the raised portion is designated as the first region, and the region not overlapping with the raised portion is designated as the second region, and in a 350 mm × 450 mm image area, for one pixel in the second region, the diameter D of the largest inscribed circle in the second region that includes the one pixel is determined, the average of the diameter D for all pixels in the second region is designated as A, and the sum of the diameters D for all pixels in the second region is designated as B, such that A satisfies A ≤ 9.0 and B satisfies B ≤ 1,500,000.

[0006] This disclosure provides a decorative member having a substrate and the decorative sheet described above. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] This disclosure offers the advantage of providing a decorative sheet with a strong tactile feel. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a decorative sheet in this disclosure. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram illustrating an image of one of the second regions R2. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of the raised sections in this disclosure. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for adjusting the average A. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for adjusting the sum B. [Figure 6] This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a decorative sheet in this disclosure. [Figure 7] This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a decorative component in this disclosure. [Figure 8] This graph shows the results for the examples and comparative examples. [Figure 9]This is the result of image analysis for the example. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, this disclosure can be implemented in many different ways and is not limited to the embodiments described below. In addition, the drawings may schematically represent the width, thickness, and shape of each part compared to the actual form in order to make the explanation clearer, but this is merely an example and should not be interpreted as limiting.

[0010] In this specification, when describing a manner in which one member is placed on another member, the term "above" or "below" includes, unless otherwise specified, both cases: when the other member is placed directly above or directly below the member so as to be in contact with it, and when the other member is placed above or below the member via yet another member. Similarly, in this specification, when describing a manner in which one member is placed on the surface of a member, the term "on the surface" includes, unless otherwise specified, both cases: when the other member is placed directly above or directly below the member so as to be in contact with it, and when the other member is placed above or below the member via yet another member.

[0011] A. Decorative sheet Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a decorative sheet in this disclosure. The decorative sheet 10 shown in Figure 1 comprises a base layer 1, a design layer 2, and a raised layer 3 having a patterned raised portion 3x, with the thickness direction D T In this order, the raised portion 3x contains, for example, filler 31. Also, as shown in Figure 1, the thickness direction D T From this perspective, the region that overlaps with the raised area 3x is designated as the first region R1, and the region that does not overlap with the raised area 3x is designated as the second region R2.

[0012] In the present disclosure, the arrangement of the second region, that is, the region where there is no raised portion, is specified by image analysis. Specifically, for one pixel existing in the second region, a circle that includes one pixel and has the diameter D of the maximum inscribed circle in the second region is obtained. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an image of one second region R2. As shown in FIG. 2, the second region R2 has a pixel P1. For this pixel P1, a circle that includes the pixel P1 and has the diameter D1 of the maximum inscribed circle in the second region R2 is obtained. This operation is performed for all pixels in the second region R2. For example, in FIG. 2, the case where the diameter D2 is obtained for the pixel P2 and the case where the diameter D3 is obtained for the pixel P3 are illustrated. In the present disclosure, when the average of the diameters D in all pixels existing in the second region R2 is A and the sum of the diameters D in all pixels existing in the second region R2 is B, the average A and the sum B are within a predetermined range.

[0013] According to the present disclosure, by having the average A and the sum B within a predetermined range, a cosmetic sheet having a strong tactile sensation can be obtained. The patterned raised portion is arranged, for example, according to the pattern of the pattern layer. Conventionally, the arrangement of the raised portion has been designed only for the purpose of obtaining good design properties. On the other hand, for example, even when the same pattern layer is targeted and raised portions having the same area ratio are provided, depending on the arrangement of the raised portions, the tactile sensation that is expressed may be relatively strong or relatively weak, and it has been difficult to predict the tactile sensation that is expressed.

[0014] In order to produce a cosmetic sheet having a strong tactile sensation, the inventors of the present application considered controlling the tactile sensation by the arrangement of the second region, that is, the region where the raised portion does not exist. As a result, based on image analysis, the arrangement of the second region was specified by numerical values of the average A and the sum B, and it was found that a cosmetic sheet having a stronger tactile sensation than before can be obtained by setting these numerical values within a predetermined range. Further, although the average A and the sum B can be calculated from an actual cosmetic sheet, they can also be calculated from the design drawing of the pattern of the raised portion. Therefore, there is an advantage that the tactile sensation to be expressed can be predicted at the stage before actually producing the cosmetic sheet, that is, at the stage of designing the pattern of the raised portion.

[0015] 1. Arrangement of the second region In the present disclosure, the pattern of the raised portion is designed so that the arrangement of the second region, that is, the region where the raised portion does not exist, satisfies a predetermined condition. For example, in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), the area ratio of the second region R2 to the total of the first region R1 and the second region R2 is 50% in both cases. In FIG. 3(a), the area of each first region R1 is large, but the second region R2 is prominent, and the tactile sensation in the entire region becomes weak. On the other hand, in FIG. 3(b), the area of each first region R1 is small, but the second region R2 is not prominent, rather, the first region R1 is emphasized. Thus, by dispersing the second region R2 having a small area over a wide range, a cosmetic sheet having a strong tactile sensation can be obtained.

[0016] In this disclosure, the area overlapping with the raised portion when viewed from the thickness direction is defined as the first region, and the area not overlapping with the raised portion is defined as the second region. An image of the surface on the raised layer side of the decorative sheet is acquired, and an image area of ​​350 mm × 450 mm is identified. The resolution is 0.875 mm / pixel. The image area is identified so as to encompass the design layer throughout its entirety. Furthermore, for each pixel in the second region within the 350 mm × 450 mm image area, the diameter D of the largest inscribed circle in the second region that includes one pixel is determined. The average of the diameters D of all pixels in the second region is defined as A, and the sum of the diameters D of all pixels in the second region is defined as B. The average A and sum B are values ​​calculated from pixels and are dimensionless. On the other hand, the average A and sum B can also be converted to mm by multiplying them by the resolution (0.875 mm / pixel). The average A and sum B are calculated using the Local Thickness function of Fiji (Fiji Is Just ImageJ), an application of ImageJ, an open-source, public-domain image processing software.

[0017] The average A means that the size of each second region (the region without raised areas) is small. In other words, it means the spacing between adjacent raised areas across the second region. By making the value of average A sufficiently small, the first region can be emphasized, and a decorative sheet with a strong tactile feel can be obtained. A usually satisfies A ≤ 9.0, but may also satisfy A ≤ 8.0 or A ≤ 7.0. If the average A is too large, it may be difficult to obtain a strong tactile feel. On the other hand, A may satisfy, for example, 2.5 ≤ A, 3.0 ≤ A or 3.5 ≤ A. If the average A is too small, it may restrict the arrangement of raised areas and make it difficult to obtain a good design.

[0018] The method for adjusting the average A will be explained using Figure 4. The second region R2 shown in Figure 4(b) is more finely arranged than the second region R2 shown in Figure 4(a). When the arrangement of the second region R2 is made finer, the number of pixels with a small diameter D of the maximum inscribed circle increases, and therefore the value of the average A decreases.

[0019] The sum B means that multiple secondary regions (regions without raised areas) are widely distributed. In an extreme example, even if there is one secondary region with an excessively large area, if there are many other secondary regions with sufficiently small areas, the average value of A itself will be small. On the other hand, if there is even one secondary region with an excessively large area, the sum B value of the diameter D of the largest inscribed circle will be large. Therefore, by specifying an upper limit for the sum B, it is possible to identify that multiple secondary regions (regions without raised areas) are widely distributed. B usually satisfies B ≤ 1,500,000 and may also satisfy B ≤ 1,300,000. If the sum B is too large, it may be difficult to obtain a strong tactile sensation uniformly. On the other hand, B may, for example, satisfy 400,000 ≤ B and may also satisfy 500,000 ≤ B. If the sum B is too small, it may restrict the arrangement of raised areas and make it difficult to obtain good design quality.

[0020] The method for adjusting the sum B will be explained using Figure 5. As shown in Figure 5(a), if there is a large second region R2, it is difficult to obtain a strong tactile sensation. However, even if there is a large second region R2, if there are many small second regions R2 surrounding it, the average value of A itself will be small. On the other hand, if there is a large second region R2, the sum B of the diameter D of the largest inscribed circle will be large. In contrast, as shown in Figure 5(b), by adjusting the arrangement of the second regions R2 so that there is no large second region R2, the increase in the sum B can be suppressed and a strong tactile sensation can be obtained.

[0021] The ratio of the area of ​​the second region to the sum of the areas of the first and second regions (area ratio) is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 20% or more, 30% or more, or 40% or more. On the other hand, the above area ratio may be, for example, 90% or less, 80% or less, or 70% or less. The area ratio of the second region can be determined from the 350mm x 450mm image area described above. Specifically, the area ratio of the second region is determined from each of the five image regions, and the average value is taken as the area ratio of the second region.

[0022] 2.Morijo layer As shown in Figure 1, the decorative sheet 10 has a raised layer 3 on the side opposite to the base layer 1, relative to the design layer 2. The raised layer 3 has patterned raised areas 3x. The raised layer 3 is composed of numerous raised areas 3x, which gives the decorative sheet a good tactile feel.

[0023] As shown in Figure 1, the raised layer 3 has a patterned raised section 3x. Preferably, the raised section 3x is arranged in synchronization with the pattern layer 2x. "Synchronization" means that the shapes and positions of the two patterns in question are roughly the same. Specifically, it means that the shapes and positions of the raised section 3x and at least some of the patterns constituting the pattern layer 2x are similar to an extent that does not impair realism and a sense of luxury.

[0024] In Figure 1, by arranging the raised portion 3x in sync with the pattern layer 2x, the design of the decorative sheet is improved through the synergistic effect of the raised portion 3x and the pattern layer 2x. For example, in the case of a wood grain pattern, the texture is improved by syncing the pattern of the raised portion 3x with the darker pattern of the wood grain, etc. For example, in the thickness direction D T From this perspective, the ratio of the raised portion 3x to the total area of ​​the raised portion 3x that is arranged in conjunction with the pattern layer 2x is, for example, 85% or more, may be 90% or more, may be 95% or more, may be 97% or more, or may be 99% or more.

[0025] (1) Resin components The raised portion preferably contains a resin component. The resin component is typically a cured product (crosslinked structure) of a curable resin. On the other hand, the resin component may also be a thermoplastic resin. Among these, the raised portion preferably contains a cured product of a curable resin. Examples of curable resins include two-component curable resins, thermosetting resins, and ionizing radiation curable resins.

[0026] Examples of two-component curing resins include two-component curing urethane resins, two-component curing epoxy resins, two-component curing urethane-modified acrylic resins, and two-component curing polyester resins, all of which use a polyol compound as the main component and an isocyanate compound as the curing agent. Examples of thermosetting resins include acrylic resins, urethane resins, phenolic resins, melamine resins, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and silicone resins.

[0027] Ionizing radiation-curable resins are compositions containing compounds having ionizing radiation-curable functional groups. Examples of ionizing radiation-curable functional groups include ethylenically unsaturated bonding groups such as (meth)acryloyl groups, vinyl groups, and allyl groups, epoxy groups, and oxetanyl groups. Ionizing radiation-curable resins may also be compounds having ethylenically unsaturated bonding groups. Ionizing radiation-curable resins may also be compounds having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bonding groups, and preferably, polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compounds having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bonding groups. Polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compounds may be monomers or oligomers. Ionizing radiation refers to electromagnetic waves or charged particle beams that have energy quanta capable of polymerizing or crosslinking molecules. Examples of ionizing radiation include ultraviolet (UV) rays and electron beams (EB). Other examples of ionizing radiation include electromagnetic waves such as X-rays and gamma rays; and charged particle beams such as alpha rays and ion beams.

[0028] Among the polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compounds, examples of difunctional (meth)acrylate monomers include ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, bisphenol A tetraethoxydiacrylate, bisphenol A tetrapropoxydiacrylate, and 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate. Examples of trifunctional or more (meth)acrylate monomers include trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, and isocyanuric acid-modified tri(meth)acrylate. The above (meth)acrylate monomers may have a part of their molecular skeleton modified. Furthermore, the above (meth)acrylate monomers may be modified with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, caprolactone, isocyanuric acid, alkyl, cyclic alkyl, aromatic, or bisphenol.

[0029] Examples of polyfunctional (meth)acrylate oligomers include acrylate polymers such as urethane (meth)acrylate, epoxy (meth)acrylate, polyester (meth)acrylate, and polyether (meth)acrylate.

[0030] When the ionizing radiation-curable resin is an ultraviolet-curable resin, the composition may contain additives such as photopolymerization initiators and photopolymerization accelerators. Examples of photopolymerization initiators include acetophenone, benzophenone, α-hydroxyalkylphenone, Michler ketone, benzoin, benzyldimethyl ketal, benzoylbenzoate, α-acyloxime esters, and thioxanthones. Examples of photopolymerization accelerators include isoamyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate and ethyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate.

[0031] Examples of thermoplastic resins include acrylic resins, cellulose resins, urethane resins, vinyl chloride resins, polyester resins, polyolefin resins, polycarbonate, nylon, polystyrene, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin).

[0032] (2) Filler The raised portion preferably contains a filler. Adding a filler provides a good tactile feel and good aesthetic appeal. Examples of fillers include organic particles and inorganic particles. The raised portion may contain only organic particles, only inorganic particles, or both organic and inorganic particles as fillers. Examples of organic particles include acrylic resin, urethane resin, silicone resin, and polyamide resin (e.g., nylon). Examples of inorganic particles include silica, alumina, zirconia, titania (titanium dioxide), kaolinite, calcium carbonate, and barium sulfate.

[0033] The average particle size of the filler is not particularly limited. For example, if the filler is an organic particle, the average particle size of the organic particle may be, for example, 20 μm or more and 60 μm or less, or 30 μm or more and 50 μm or less. In this disclosure, the average particle size is measured by the volume-based particle size distribution by laser diffraction scattering. 50 On the other hand, if the filler is inorganic particles, the average particle size of the inorganic particles may be, for example, 2 μm or more and 15 μm or less, 3 μm or more and 12 μm or less, or 5 μm or more and 10 μm or less.

[0034] The content of filler in the raised portion is not particularly limited. For example, if the filler is organic particles, the content of organic particles in the raised portion may be, for example, 5 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, 8 parts by mass or more and 35 parts by mass or 10 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the resin component in the raised portion. On the other hand, if the filler is inorganic particles, the content of organic particles in the raised portion may be, for example, 2 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, 5 parts by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less, or 15 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the resin component in the raised portion.

[0035] (3) Upper layer The raised layer may be transparent or colored. Known pigments or dyes can be used as coloring agents for the raised layer. The amount of coloring agent added is set appropriately according to the purpose. The raised layer may also contain various additives such as foaming agents, flame retardants, lubricants, antistatic agents, antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, radical scavengers, and softening components (e.g., rubber).

[0036] The thickness of the raised layer is not particularly limited, but for example, it may be 10 μm or more and 60 μm or less, 15 μm or more and 50 μm or less, or 20 μm or more and 40 μm or less. Also, as shown in Figure 6(a), when the decorative sheet 10 has a protective layer 4 and a raised layer 3, it is preferable that the thickness T3 of the raised layer 3 is greater than the thickness T4 of the protective layer 4. The thickness T3 of the raised layer 3 is, for example, 2.0 times or more than the thickness T4 of the protective layer 4, may be 2.5 times or more, or may be 3.0 times or more.

[0037] The 60° gloss value of the raised layer is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, or 10 or less. On the other hand, the 60° gloss value of the raised layer may be, for example, 2 or more, 4 or more, or 6 or more. The 60° gloss value of the raised layer is measured by the following method: The decorative sheet is placed with the raised layer side facing upwards, and the 60° specular gloss of the raised layer is measured from the raised layer side using a gloss meter in accordance with Method 3 of JIS Z 8741:1997. The 60° gloss value of the raised layer is the average value of the measurements taken at any 10 raised areas. At each measurement point, the raised area is located at the center of the measurement area of ​​the gloss meter, and the measurement is taken so that 50% or more of the area of ​​the measurement area overlaps with the raised area. The center of the measurement area of ​​the gloss meter refers to the center of the incident region into which light from the light source of the gloss meter enters.

[0038] One method for forming the raised layer is to apply a raised layer-forming ink containing a curable resin to the side of the protective layer opposite to the design layer using gravure printing with a plate or grid, and then cure it as needed.

[0039] When an ink for forming raised layers contains an electron beam-curable resin as the curable resin, the cured product of the electron beam-curable resin is usually obtained by irradiation with an electron beam. Examples of electron sources include various electron beam accelerators such as Cockcroftwald type, Van de Graft type, resonant transformer type, insulated core transformer type, linear type, Dynamitron type, and high-frequency type. The energy of the electron beam is, for example, 100kV to 1000kV, and may also be 100kV to 300kV. The irradiation dose of the electron beam is, for example, 2Mrad to 15Mrad.

[0040] When an ink for forming raised layers contains an ultraviolet-curable resin as the curable resin, the cured product of the ultraviolet-curable resin is usually obtained by irradiation with ultraviolet light. Examples of ultraviolet light sources include ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, high pressure mercury lamps, low pressure mercury lamps, carbon arc lamps, black light fluorescent lamps, and metal halide lamps. The wavelength of the ultraviolet light is, for example, between 190 nm and 380 nm.

[0041] When an ink for forming raised layers contains a thermosetting resin as the curable resin, a cured product of the thermosetting resin is usually obtained by heating. The heating temperature is set appropriately depending on the type of thermosetting resin. The ink for forming raised layers may also contain a curing agent such as a crosslinking agent or polymerization initiator, and a polymerization accelerator, along with the thermosetting resin. Examples of curing agents include isocyanates, organic sulfonates, organic amines, peroxides (e.g., methyl ethyl ketone peroxide), and radical initiators (azoisobutylnitrile).

[0042] 3. Design layer As shown in Figure 1, the decorative sheet 10 has a design layer 2 between the base layer 1 and the raised layer 3. As shown in Figure 1, the design layer 2 may have a pattern layer 2x. Also, as shown in Figure 6(a), the design layer 2 may have a solid layer 2y. In Figure 6(a), the design layer 2 has a solid layer 2y and a pattern layer 2x, in that order from the base layer 1 side. The pattern layer 2x is a layer formed partially (particularly in a pattern) on one surface of the base layer 1. On the other hand, the solid layer 2y is a layer formed over the entire surface of one surface of the base layer 1.

[0043] Examples of patterns in the pattern layer include organic patterns, inorganic patterns, and abstract patterns. Organic patterns are those derived from the life activities of living things such as plants and animals. Inorganic patterns are those that do not fall under the category of organic patterns. Abstract patterns are those that interpret a subject (for example, a form that exists in nature) abstractly and do not represent a clear shape. Examples of organic patterns include wood grain patterns, leather patterns, floral patterns, and botanical patterns. Examples of inorganic patterns include stone patterns, concrete patterns, sand patterns, fabric patterns, metal patterns, tile patterns, and brick patterns. Examples of abstract patterns include wavering patterns (for example, wavering ink patterns), smoke patterns, and marble patterns.

[0044] The design layer contains, for example, a coloring agent and a resin component. Examples of coloring agents include inorganic pigments such as carbon black, titanium white, zinc oxide, reddish-brown, Prussian blue, and cadmium red; organic pigments such as azo pigments, lake pigments, anthraquinone pigments, quinacridone pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, isoindolinone pigments, and dioxazine pigments; metallic powder pigments such as aluminum powder and bronze powder; pearlescent pigments such as titanium dioxide-coated mica and bismuth oxide; fluorescent pigments; and phosphorescent pigments. Dyes may also be used as coloring agents.

[0045] Examples of resin components include (meth)acrylic resins, ester urethane resins, acrylamide resins, ethylene oxide resins, N-vinylpyrrolidone resins, ester resins, amide resins, vinyl acetate resins, vinyl chloride resins, urethane (meth)acrylic resins, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, and cellulose derivatives. Among these, (meth)acrylic resins and urethane (meth)acrylic resins are preferred.

[0046] The design layer may contain additives such as fillers (e.g., silica), extender pigments (e.g., organic beads), neutralizing agents, and surfactants, as needed. The thickness of the design layer is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.1 μm or more and 20 μm or less.

[0047] As a method for forming the design layer, for example, a coating method using an ink for forming a design layer containing a colorant, a binder resin, and a solvent (or dispersion medium) can be used. For example, the design layer can be obtained by coating the ink for forming a design layer onto one side of the substrate layer and drying it. As an example of the above coating method, a printing method can be used. Examples of printing methods include gravure printing, offset printing, screen printing, flexographic printing, electrostatic printing, and inkjet printing. In addition, as a coating method for forming a solid layer, various coating methods such as roll coating, knife coating, air knife coating, die coating, lip coating, comma coating, kiss coating, flow coating, and dip coating may be used.

[0048] 4.Base material layer As shown in Figure 1, the decorative sheet 10 has a base layer 1. The base layer 1 is a layer that supports the design layer 2 and the raised layer 3. The presence of the base layer 1 in the decorative sheet 10 improves various properties such as mechanical strength, suitability for post-processing, and design, thereby improving its usability as a sheet.

[0049] The type of substrate layer is not particularly limited and includes, for example, resin substrates, glass substrates, metal substrates, and fiber substrates. Examples of resins used in resin substrates include various synthetic resins and various natural resins. Examples of synthetic resins include thermoplastic resins and curable resins. Considering the suitability for manufacturing, handling, and post-processing of decorative sheets, it is preferable that the resin used in the resin substrate is a thermoplastic resin.

[0050] Examples of thermoplastic resins include olefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, ionomers, and various olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers; vinyl chloride resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers; polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, ethylene glycol-terephthalic acid-isophthalic acid copolymers, and polyester-based thermoplastic elastomers; acrylic resins such as poly(meth)acrylate, poly(meth)acrylate, poly(meth)acrylate, poly(meth)acrylate-(meth)acrylate copolymers; polyamide resins represented by nylon 6 and nylon 66; cellulose resins such as cellulose triacetate, cellophane, and celluloid; styrene resins such as polystyrene, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer; polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polycarbonate resin, polyarylate resin, and polyimide resin. On the other hand, examples of curable resins include ionizing radiation-curable resins and thermosetting resins. Examples of natural resins include natural rubber, pine resin, and amber.

[0051] Examples of metals used for metal substrates include aluminum, aluminum alloys (e.g., duralumin), iron, iron alloys (e.g., carbon steel, stainless steel), copper, copper alloys (e.g., brass, bronze), gold, silver, chromium, nickel, cobalt, tin, and titanium. The metal substrate may have a plated film or an anodic oxide film on its surface. Examples of fibrous materials used for fiber substrates include paper such as tissue paper, kraft paper, fine paper, Japanese paper, titanium paper, linter paper, sulfuric acid paper, paraffin paper, parchment paper, glassine paper, wallpaper backing paper, cardboard, and gypsum board base paper. Other examples of fibrous materials include woven fabrics and nonwoven fabrics. Examples of fibers constituting woven or nonwoven fabrics include resin fibers (e.g., polyester resin fibers, acrylic resin fibers), natural fibers (e.g., silk, cotton, hemp), glass fibers, and carbon fibers.

[0052] The base material layer may contain additives as required. Examples of the additives include inorganic fillers, flame retardants, lubricants, foaming agents, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, and colorants. Also, the base material layer may be transparent or opaque. The base material layer may be colored. Further, the thickness of the base material layer is not particularly limited and is appropriately selected according to the material of the base material layer. In the case of a base material layer containing a resin, the thickness of the base material layer is, for example, 10 μm or more and 300 μm or less, may be 20 μm or more and 200 μm or less, or may be 40 μm or more and 100 μm or less. Also, when the base material layer is a paper base material, the basis weight is, for example, 20 g / m 2 or more and 150 g / m 2 or less, and may be 30 g / m 2 or more and 100 g / m 2 or less.

[0053] 5. Protective layer As shown in FIG. 6(a), the decorative sheet 10 may have a protective layer 4 (first protective layer 4x) between the design layer 2 and the raised layer 3. By providing the protective layer 4, the design layer 2 is protected. The first protective layer 4x in FIG. 6(a) is arranged so as to overlap the entire surface of the design layer 2 when viewed from the thickness direction D T .

[0054] As shown in FIG. 6(b), the decorative sheet 10 may have a patterned second protective layer 4y between the design layer 2 and the raised layer 3. By providing the patterned second protective layer 4y, for example, the decorative sheet 10 is imparted with design properties. Also, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the protective layer 4 may have a first protective layer 4x and a second protective layer 4y in this order from the base material layer 1 side.

[0055] As shown in FIG. 6(c), the decorative sheet 10 may have a third protective layer 4z on the side opposite to the design layer 2 with respect to the raised layer 3. By providing the third protective layer 4z so as to cover the raised layer 3, the raised layer 3 is protected. Also, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the protective layer 4 may have a first protective layer 4x and a third protective layer 4z via the raised layer 3.

[0056] The protective layer contains, for example, a resin component. The resin component is, for example, the same as the resin component exemplified in the raised layer described above. The protective layer may also contain inorganic particles. The inorganic particles function as a matting agent, thereby reducing the gloss of the protective layer. The inorganic particles are, for example, the same as the inorganic particles exemplified in the raised layer described above. The average particle size of the inorganic particles used in the protective layer is, for example, 1 μm to 20 μm, may be 3 μm to 15 μm, or 5 μm to 12 μm. The inorganic particle content in the protective layer is, for example, 10 parts by mass or more, or 20 parts by mass or more, per 100 parts by mass of the resin component of the protective layer. On the other hand, the inorganic particle content in the protective layer is, for example, 40 parts by mass or less, or 30 parts by mass or less.

[0057] The 60° gloss value of the protective layer (particularly the first or second protective layer) is preferably smaller than the 60° gloss value of the raised layer. The 60° gloss value of the protective layer is, for example, 3 or less, and may be 2 or less. On the other hand, the 60° gloss value of the protective layer is, for example, 1 or more. The difference between the 60° gloss value of the raised layer and the 60° gloss value of the protective layer is, for example, 3 or more, may be 5 or more, and may be 8 or more. The thickness of the protective layer is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 μm to 50 μm, 3 μm to 30 μm, or 5 μm to 20 μm. By appropriately controlling the thickness of the protective layer, the protective layer does not become too hard, and for example, surface cracking when bent can be suppressed.

[0058] 6. Other layers The decorative sheet in this disclosure preferably has the above-described base layer, design layer, raised layer, and protective layer. Furthermore, the decorative sheet in this disclosure may further have at least one of the following layers: a transparent resin layer, a back adhesive layer, a separator layer, and a primer layer.

[0059] (1)Transparent resin layer The decorative sheet in this disclosure may have a transparent resin layer on the side opposite to the base layer, relative to the design layer. The transparent resin layer can increase the strength of the decorative sheet. Furthermore, if the decorative sheet has a protective layer, the transparent resin layer may be placed between the design layer and the protective layer. The transparent resin layer only needs to be transparent enough to allow the design layer to be seen, and may be colorless, tinted, or translucent.

[0060] Examples of resins that make up the transparent resin layer include polyolefin resin, polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin, acrylic resin, and vinyl chloride resin. Considering processability, polyolefin resin and vinyl chloride resin are preferred among these. The above resins may be used individually or in combination of two or more.

[0061] The transparent resin layer may contain additives as needed. Examples of additives include weather-resistant agents such as UV absorbers and light stabilizers. The weather-resistant agents can be appropriately selected from those described above. Considering processability, the thickness of the transparent resin layer is, for example, 20 μm to 150 μm, but may also be 40 μm to 120 μm, or 60 μm to 100 μm. Methods for forming the transparent resin layer include, for example, coating the resin composition or laminating resin films by dry lamination.

[0062] (2) Back adhesive layer The decorative sheet in this disclosure may have a back adhesive layer on the side opposite to the design layer, relative to the base layer. The back adhesive layer is, for example, a layer for attaching the decorative sheet to the substrate.

[0063] Examples of adhesives used for the back adhesive layer include curing adhesives and pressure-sensitive adhesives. Specific examples include urethane-based adhesives, acrylic-based adhesives, epoxy-based adhesives, and rubber-based adhesives. OCA (Optically Clear Adhesive) or OCR (Optically Clear Resin) can also be used as the back adhesive layer. The back adhesive layer may be transparent or opaque.

[0064] The thickness of the back adhesive layer is, for example, 5 μm to 100 μm, but may also be 10 μm to 75 μm, or 20 μm to 50 μm, from the viewpoint of efficiently obtaining the desired adhesive strength. Methods for forming the back adhesive layer include, for example, applying an adhesive composition or laminating an adhesive film by dry lamination.

[0065] (3) Primer layer The decorative sheet in this disclosure may have a primer layer between the two layers constituting the decorative sheet. Providing a primer layer improves the adhesion between the layers.

[0066] The primer layer is mainly composed of a binder resin and may contain additives such as UV absorbers and light stabilizers as needed. Examples of binder resins include urethane resins, acrylic polyol resins, acrylic resins, ester resins, amide resins, butyral resins, styrene resins, urethane-acrylic copolymers, polycarbonate-based urethane-acrylic copolymers (urethane-acrylic copolymers derived from polymers (polycarbonate polyols) having carbonate bonds in the polymer main chain and two or more hydroxyl groups in the terminals and side chains), vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-acrylic copolymer resins, chlorinated propylene resins, nitrocellulose resins (nitrified cotton), and cellulose acetate resins. These can be used individually or in combination.

[0067] Furthermore, the binder resin may be a resin obtained by adding a curing agent such as an isocyanate-based curing agent or an epoxy-based curing agent to the above-mentioned resin and then cross-linking and curing it. Preferably, the binder resin is a polyol-based resin such as an acrylic polyol resin, which is cross-linked and cured with an isocyanate-based curing agent.

[0068] The thickness of the primer layer is, for example, 0.5 μm to 10 μm, may be 1 μm to 8 μm, or 2 μm to 6 μm. Methods for forming the primer layer include applying a resin composition and, if necessary, drying and curing it.

[0069] (4) Separator layer The decorative sheet in this disclosure may have a separator layer on the side opposite to the substrate layer, relative to the adhesive backing layer. The separator layer is a layer that protects the adhesive backing layer and is peeled off when the decorative sheet is attached to the substrate. Conventionally known materials can be used as the separator layer.

[0070] Furthermore, this disclosure also provides a method for designing a raised pattern used in a decorative sheet, wherein the decorative sheet has a base layer, a design layer, and a raised layer having the patterned raised portion in this order in the thickness direction, and the design method includes a design step of designating the raised pattern such that, when viewed from the thickness direction, the area overlapping with the raised portion is designated as the first region, and the area not overlapping with the raised portion is designated as the second region, and for a 350 mm × 450 mm image area, for a single pixel in the second region, the diameter D of the largest inscribed circle in the second region that includes the single pixel is determined, the average of the diameter D of all pixels in the second region is designated as A, and the sum of the diameters D of all pixels in the second region is designated as B, then A satisfies A ≤ 9.0 and B satisfies B ≤ 1,500,000.

[0071] B. Decorative materials The decorative member in this disclosure comprises a base and the decorative sheet described above. Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the decorative member in this disclosure. The decorative member 100 shown in Figure 7 comprises a base 20, an adhesive layer 30, and the decorative sheet 10 described above, with the thickness direction D T In this order, the components are present. In Figure 7, the raised layer 4 of the decorative sheet 10 constitutes the outermost layer of the decorative member 100. The decorative sheet 10 is also positioned so that the side facing the base material layer 1 faces the base body 50.

[0072] According to this disclosure, using the decorative sheet described above results in a decorative component with a strong tactile feel.

[0073] 1. Decorative sheet The decorative sheets described in this disclosure are the same as those described in "A. Decorative Sheets" above, so a further description is omitted here.

[0074] 2.Base The substrate in this disclosure is a component decorated with a decorative sheet. An example of a substrate is a resin component. Examples of resins used in resin components include vinyl chloride resins, acrylic resins, ester resins, styrene resins, olefin resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers, phenolic resins, cellulose resins, and rubber. Another example of a substrate is a wood component. Examples of wood components include wood veneer, wood plywood, particleboard, and wood fiberboard. Examples of wood used in wood components include cedar, cypress, pine, and lauan.

[0075] Another example of a substrate is a metal component. Examples of metals used in metal components include iron, iron alloys (e.g., carbon steel, stainless steel), and aluminum. Another example of a substrate is a ceramic component. The material of a ceramic component may be ceramics such as glass or porcelain, non-cement ceramic materials such as gypsum, or non-ceramic ceramic materials such as ALC (autoclaved lightweight concrete).

[0076] The shape of the substrate is not particularly limited and may be plate-shaped, sheet-shaped, or three-dimensional. The substrate may also have flat surfaces, curved surfaces, or both. Furthermore, the substrate may have at least one of convex portions, concave portions, ridged portions, recessed portions, or through portions.

[0077] 3.Adhesive layer The decorative member in this disclosure may have an adhesive layer between the substrate and the decorative sheet. As the second adhesive layer, for example, a resin similar to the back adhesive layer described above may be used. Furthermore, if the decorative sheet has the back adhesive layer described above, the decorative sheet and the substrate may be in direct contact.

[0078] 4. Decorative materials The decorative member in this disclosure comprises the decorative sheet and substrate described above. The uses of the decorative member in this disclosure are not particularly limited, but examples include building components such as walls, ceilings, floors, roofs, eaves, fences, and gates; joinery or finishing components such as window frames, doors, handrails, baseboards, moldings, and trim; general furniture such as chests of drawers, shelves, and desks; kitchen furniture such as dining tables and sinks; various furniture used in wet areas such as kitchens, toilets, bathrooms, and washbasins; surface decorative panels for cabinets of home appliances, office equipment, etc.; and interior or exterior components for vehicles. Furthermore, the decorative material in this disclosure may be a component used outdoors (exterior component) or a component used indoors (interior component).

[0079] The decorative member in this disclosure can be obtained, for example, by laminating a decorative sheet and a substrate. Specifically, the surface of the substrate (the surface to be decorated) and the surface of the decorative sheet facing the base material layer are laminated together.

[0080] One example of a method for manufacturing a decorative component is to attach the decorative sheet to the substrate such that the adhesive layer on the back of the decorative sheet and the surface of the substrate are in direct contact. Another example of a method for manufacturing a decorative component is to laminate the decorative sheet onto the substrate via a second adhesive layer such that the surface of the decorative sheet facing the substrate layer and the surface of the substrate are facing each other.

[0081] Methods for laminating a substrate and a decorative sheet include, for example, lamination, wrapping, and vacuum forming. In the lamination method, for example, the decorative sheet is pressed onto a plate-shaped substrate using pressure rollers. In the wrapping method, for example, while supplying the decorative sheet, the decorative sheet is sequentially pressed and adhered to multiple sides constituting the substrate using rollers of different orientations. When using a hot-melt adhesive (thermal-sensitive adhesive) when laminating the decorative sheet and the substrate, the heating temperature is, for example, 150°C to 200°C. When using a reactive hot-melt adhesive, the heating temperature is, for example, 100°C to 130°C.

[0082] This disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above. The embodiments described above are illustrative, and any configuration that is substantially identical to the technical idea described in the claims of this disclosure and achieves similar effects is included within the technical scope of this disclosure. [Examples]

[0083] [Example 1] (Production of decorative sheets) As a base material, colored base paper for building materials ("CHPS45 (model number)", basis weight: 45g / m²) is used. 2 A substrate (manufactured by Tenma Special Paper Co., Ltd.) was prepared. A solid layer with a thickness of 5 μm was formed on one side of the substrate by gravure printing using a resin composition with acrylic resin as a binder and titanium white, red iron oxide, and lead yellow as colorants. Next, a wood grain pattern layer was formed on the solid layer using a resin composition with nitrate cotton as a binder and red iron oxide as the main colorant. In this way, a design layer including the solid layer and the pattern layer was formed on the substrate.

[0084] Next, a protective layer ink containing a two-component curable resin (main component: acrylic polyol, curing agent: hexamethylene diisocyanate) and a matting agent (silica particles with an average particle size of 2 μm, 23 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the resin component of the protective layer) was applied to the entire surface of the design layer and dried to form a protective layer with an average thickness of 5 μm. Then, a raised layer ink with the following formulation was applied to a portion of the protective layer in accordance with the pattern layer and dried to form a raised layer having multiple raised areas. After that, it was heat-cured at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain a decorative sheet.

[0085] <Ink for raised layers> • Two-component curable resin 100 parts by mass (main component: acrylic polyol, curing agent: hexamethylene diisocyanate) • Organic particles: 33 parts by mass (spherical urethane beads, average particle size 30 μm) • Solvent: Appropriate amount (butyl acetate, ethyl acetate)

[0086] [Examples 2-7 and Comparative Examples 1-3] A decorative sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the arrangement pattern of the raised portion and the pattern of the design layer were changed. In particular, in Examples 1 to 7, the arrangement pattern of the raised portion was adjusted so that the average A and the sum B were within a predetermined range.

[0087] [Image Analysis] The arrangement of the second region in the decorative sheets obtained in the examples and comparative examples was evaluated by image analysis. Specifically, the arrangement of the second region was evaluated according to the following procedure.

[0088] First, an image of the raised layer side of the decorative sheet was acquired using a laser microscope. The image resolution was set to 0.875 mm / pixel. Next, a 350 mm × 450 mm area was selected from the area overlapping with the design layer in the obtained image. Then, the selected area was binarized based on Otsu's method. Binarization resulted in an image divided into a first region R1 and a second region R2. From the obtained image, the area ratio of the second region R2 to the sum of the first and second regions R2 was calculated. Next, using the Local Thickness function of ImageJ, the diameter D of the maximum inscribed circle was calculated for a single pixel in the second region R2, provided that the pixel is included and the circle is contained within the second region R2. Furthermore, the average A of the diameters D for all pixels in the second region R2, and the sum B of the above diameters D were calculated. For the average A, the average A was calculated from five samples (five images), and the average value was adopted. The same procedure was followed for the sum B. The results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 8.

[0089] [Tactile evaluation] A total of 20 subjects, five selected from each age group (20s, 30s, 40s, and 50s), evaluated the tactile feel of the decorative sheets obtained in the examples and comparative examples. Each subject touched the raised surface of the decorative sheet with the palm of their dominant hand and evaluated whether the tactile feel was high or low. The evaluation criterion for tactile feel was "whether or not the unevenness was strongly felt." The results are shown in Table 1.

[0090] (Evaluation Criteria) A: More than 15 out of 20 people answered that it had a strong tactile sensation. B: Between 11 and 14 out of 20 people answered that they had a strong tactile sensation. C: Between 5 and 10 out of 20 people answered that the texture was strong. D: Four or fewer people answered that they had a strong tactile sensation.

[0091] [Design evaluation] A total of 20 subjects, five selected from each age group (20s, 30s, 40s, and 50s), evaluated the aesthetic appeal of the decorative sheets obtained in the examples and comparative examples. Each subject observed the surface of the raised layer of the decorative sheet at a 75° angle to the horizontal plane and evaluated whether or not it had high aesthetic appeal. The evaluation criterion for aesthetic appeal was "whether or not the gloss-matte design looked good." The results are shown in Table 1.

[0092] (Evaluation Criteria) A: More than 15 out of 20 people answered that the design was good. B: Between 11 and 14 out of 20 people answered that the design was good. C: Between 5 and 10 out of 20 people answered that the design was good. D: Four or fewer people answered that the design was good.

[0093] [Table 1]

[0094] As shown in Table 1 and Figure 8, Examples 1-7 received higher tactile evaluations than Comparative Examples 1-3. This is presumed to be because, in Examples 1-7, the second region (the region without raised areas) was relatively small and arranged at appropriate intervals rather than clustered together, thereby emphasizing the tactile sensation of the first region (the region with raised areas). In particular, Examples 1-4 also received higher design evaluations than Examples 5-7. This result suggests that design quality tends to decrease when the average A is too small or the sum B is too small. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1-3 received low tactile evaluations and low design evaluations. Furthermore, for example, while Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 had similar area ratios for the second region, their average A and sum B differed.

[0095] In particular, while Comparative Example 2 was recognized as the most tactile decorative sheet among existing decorative sheets, Examples 1 to 7 were decorative sheets with an even stronger tactile feel than Comparative Example 2. Here, as shown in Figure 8, comparing Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, although the area ratio of the second region differs slightly, even when the average A was reduced while maintaining a similar sum B, the tactile feel did not improve, and on the contrary, the evaluation of the design quality tended to decrease. Also, as shown in Figure 8, comparing Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 1, the average A is relatively close, but when the sum B was reduced, the tactile feel tended to decrease. In contrast, as shown in Examples 1 to 7, by focusing on both the average A and the sum B and adjusting their numerical ranges, decorative sheets with a stronger tactile feel were obtained. Furthermore, Examples 1 to 7 also received a good evaluation of their design quality.

[0096] [Reference example] As mentioned above, even when the same pattern layer is used and raised areas of similar area ratio are provided, the resulting tactile sensation may be relatively strong or relatively weak depending on the arrangement of the raised areas, making it difficult to predict the resulting tactile sensation. This point was visually confirmed through image analysis. Figures 9(a) and 9(b) show the image analysis results of decorative sheets with the same pattern layer and raised areas of similar area ratio. In Figures 9(a) and 9(b), the denser the second region (the area without raised areas), the brighter it is displayed. In Figure 9(a), the brightly displayed area was relatively large. That is, the second region was relatively large and clustered together, and in fact, a strong tactile sensation was not obtained. In contrast, in Figure 9(b), the brightly displayed area was relatively small. That is, the second region was relatively small and arranged at appropriate intervals, and in fact, a strong tactile sensation was obtained.

[0097] Thus, the present disclosure provides, for example, the following inventions.

[0098] [1] A decorative sheet having a base layer, a design layer, and a raised layer having a patterned raised portion, in this order in the thickness direction, When viewed from the thickness direction, the region overlapping with the raised area is designated as the first region, and the region not overlapping with the raised area is designated as the second region. In a 350mm x 450mm image area, for each pixel in the second region, the diameter D of the largest inscribed circle in the second region that includes the pixel is determined. The average of the diameters D for all pixels in the second region is A, and the sum of the diameters D for all pixels in the second region is B. The above A satisfies A ≤ 9.0, The above B is a decorative sheet that satisfies B ≤ 1,500,000.

[0099] [2] The above A is the decorative sheet described in [1] that satisfies 3.5 ≤ A.

[0100] [3] The above B is a decorative sheet as described in [1] or [2], satisfying 500,000 ≤ B.

[0101] [4] The above design layer includes the pattern layer. The raised portion is a decorative sheet according to any one of [1] to [3], arranged to be in harmony with the pattern layer.

[0102] [5] The decorative sheet according to [4], wherein the pattern layer has a wood grain pattern, a stone pattern, or an abstract pattern.

[0103] [6] The decorative sheet described above is the decorative sheet according to any one of [1] to [5], having a protective layer between the design layer and the raised layer.

[0104] [7] The decorative sheet described in any of [1] to [6], wherein the thickness of the raised layer is 10 μm or more and 60 μm or less.

[0105] [8] The raised portion described above is a decorative sheet according to any one of [1] to [7], containing a filler.

[0106] [9] The above filler is inorganic particles, as described in [8], the decorative sheet.

[0107]

[10] Substrate and, A decorative sheet as described in any of [1] to [9], A decorative component having [a certain characteristic]. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0108] 1...Base material layer 2…Design layer 3…Morijo layer 3x…More part 4…Protective layer 10… Decorative sheet

Claims

1. A decorative sheet having a base layer, a design layer, and a raised layer having a patterned raised portion, in this order in the thickness direction, When viewed from the thickness direction, the region overlapping with the raised portion is defined as the first region, and the region not overlapping with the raised portion is defined as the second region. In an image area of ​​350 mm × 450 mm, for each pixel in the second region, the diameter D of the largest inscribed circle in the second region that includes the pixel is determined, the average of the diameters D of all pixels in the second region is defined as A, and the sum of the diameters D of all pixels in the second region is defined as B. The above A satisfies A ≤ 9.0, The aforementioned B is a decorative sheet satisfying B ≤ 1,500,000.

2. The decorative sheet according to claim 1, wherein A satisfies 3.5 ≤ A.

3. The decorative sheet according to claim 1, wherein B satisfies 500,000 ≤ B.

4. The aforementioned design layer includes a pattern layer. The decorative sheet according to claim 1, wherein the raised portion is arranged to be in harmony with the pattern layer.

5. The decorative sheet according to claim 4, wherein the patterned layer has a wood grain pattern, a stone pattern, or an abstract pattern.

6. The decorative sheet according to claim 1, wherein the decorative sheet has a protective layer between the design layer and the raised layer.

7. The decorative sheet according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the raised layer is 10 μm or more and 60 μm or less.

8. The decorative sheet according to claim 1, wherein the raised portion contains a filler.

9. The decorative sheet according to claim 8, wherein the filler is inorganic particles.

10. Substrate and, A decorative sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, A decorative component having [a certain characteristic].

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