Airtight structure for a building, and method for manufacturing an airtight structure for a building.

Abstract

To provide an airtight building structure that can further improve thermal insulation. [Solution] The airtight structure of the building comprises a floor body with an underfloor space formed below into which air flows in from the outside; a first wall body 30 having a first outer wall 34 and a first inner wall, with a first wall ventilation layer W1 formed between the first outer wall 34 and the first inner wall through which air from the interior space of the building is exhausted; a ceiling communicating with the first wall ventilation layer W1 and with an attic space formed above through which internal air is discharged to the outside; and a ventilation passage connecting the underfloor space and the interior space. The first wall body 30 comprises a first wall plywood 32a constituting the first inner wall; a first wall support member 32 constituting the first inner wall, to which the first wall plywood 32a is fixed, and with a caulking material 32c provided between it and the first wall plywood 32a; and a first interior material 31 constituting the first inner wall, fixed to the first wall support member 32, and with a caulking material 32c provided between it and the first wall support member 32.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an airtight structure of a building and a method for manufacturing the airtight structure of a building.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a house in which a ventilation layer or space is formed inside a wall, a ceiling, and a floor, and a heat insulating material is provided in the ventilation layer or space of the wall, the ceiling, and the floor. The house of Patent Document 1 is excellent in heat insulating action, delays the transfer of cold air and heat outside the house into the room, and suppresses heat and cold due to the climate.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the house disclosed in Patent Document 1, air outside the house or air in the ceiling flows into the room through the gaps inside the wall, and cold air and heat outside the house or in the ceiling are transmitted into the room, resulting in a reduction in the heat insulating action. Therefore, further improvement in the heat insulating action is required in the house of Patent Document 1.

[0005] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an airtight structure of a building that can further improve the heat insulating action.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, an airtight structure of a building according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a floor body having a subfloor space formed below through which air flows in from the outside, A wall having an outer wall and an inner wall, with a wall ventilation layer formed between the outer wall and the inner wall through which air from the interior space of the building is exhausted, A ceiling is formed above which a ceiling space is formed that communicates with the aforementioned wall ventilation layer and from which internal air is discharged to the outside, A ventilation passage connecting the underfloor space and the interior space, Equipped with, The aforementioned wall body, The wall plywood that constitutes the interior wall, The interior wall comprises beams and studs to which the wall plywood is fixed and to which caulking material is provided between the wall plywood, An interior material that constitutes the interior wall, is fixed to the beam and the stud, and has the caulking material provided between the beam and the stud, It holds.

[0007] The floor material is provided on the upper surface of the floor body and has a gap formed between it and the interior material, The interior material is installed adjacent to the wall of the floor structure. The caulking material may be provided between the interior material and the flooring material.

[0008] The interior space is further divided by partition walls, The partition wall may be installed further inside the interior space than the interior finish material.

[0009] To achieve the above objective, the method for manufacturing an airtight building structure according to the second aspect of the present invention is: The steps include: installing the beams and studs, fixing the wall plywood and interior materials to the beams and studs, and constructing the interior wall; The steps include: installing the columns of the partition wall within the interior space defined by the interior wall, fixing the first board and the second board to the columns, and constructing the partition wall; It is equipped with.

[0010] To achieve the above objective, the method for manufacturing an airtight building structure according to the third aspect of the present invention is: The step of providing the caulking material on the outdoor side surface of the beam and the intermediate column, and on the side surface of the indoor space; The step of pressing the wall plywood or the interior material against the caulking material and then fixing it with nails or wood screws; It includes.

Effect of the Invention

[0011] In the airtight structure of the building according to the present invention, by closing the gap between the wall plywood and the interior material, and the beam and the intermediate column with a caulking material, the transmission of cold air or heat from the outside of the house or the ceiling into the room is suppressed. As a result, the airtight structure of the building according to the present invention can further improve the heat insulation effect.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] [Figure 1] It is a cross-sectional view of the airtight structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a cross-sectional view of the first floor body of the airtight structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 3] It is a cross-sectional view of the first wall body of the airtight structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] It is a conceptual diagram of the wall body of the airtight structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 5] It is a plan view of the airtight structure according to the embodiment. [[ID=3​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ [Figure 11] (a) Schematic diagram (part 5) showing the construction process of the airtight structure according to the embodiment. (b) Schematic diagram (part 6) showing the construction process of the airtight structure according to the embodiment [Figure 12] Conceptual diagram of the airtight structure according to the embodiment **Embodiment for Carrying out the Invention**

[0013] Embodiment Hereinafter, the airtight structure 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. For ease of understanding, XYZ coordinates are set and referred to as appropriate

[0014] The airtight structure 1 suppresses the entry and exit of air between the inside and outside of the rooms in the building A, has a heat insulation effect of delaying the transmission of outdoor hot air or cold air into the interior of the room, and is used to prevent heat and cold. As shown in FIG. 1, the building A has two rooms B1-1 and B1-2 on the first floor, a room B2 on the second floor, a door D connecting the rooms B1-1 and B1-2, a staircase S connecting the rooms B1-2 and B2, and an air conditioner E provided in the room B1-1. In the airtight structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the building A using this airtight structure 1 is a residence. However, it is not limited to this. The building A using the airtight structure 1 may be, for example, a store, a boarding house, an apartment, an office, or a hotel. The building A may have rooms other than the rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2. The building A is supported by a foundation A1 and columns A2 (not shown). The foundation A1 of the building A fixes the lower part of the column A2. The columns A2 of the building A are erected vertically and support the building A. The airtight structure 1 includes a foundation 10, a first floor body 20, a first wall body 30, a first ceiling body 40, a duct part 50, a second floor body 60, a second wall body 70, a second ceiling body 80, and a roof 90

[0015] The foundation 10 is a lower structure of the building A that supports the foundation A1 of the building A. The foundation 10 transmits the load of the upper part of the building A through the foundation A1. As shown in FIG. 2, the foundation 10 has a bottom 11, side walls 12, foundation ventilation holes 13, and height adjustment anchor bolts 14

[0016] The base 11 is the part that faces the ground. The base 11 has a direct foundation structure that is directly placed on the ground. However, it is not limited to this. The base 11 may have a pile foundation structure in which piles reach the supporting layer of the ground, for example.

[0017] The side wall 12 is a wall that is erected upright on the edge of the bottom portion 11.

[0018] The foundation ventilation hole 13 is a hole that forms the space between the upper end of the side wall 12 and the sill A1.

[0019] The height-adjustable anchor bolt 14 is a fixing device for adjusting the height. The height-adjustable anchor bolt 14 is provided on the upper end surface of the side wall 12. The height-adjustable anchor bolt 14 supports the base A1 at a predetermined height. The height-adjustable anchor bolt 14 forms a foundation ventilation hole 13 between the upper end of the side wall 12 and the base A1.

[0020] The first floor structure 20 is the floor of rooms B1-1 and B1-2, which are located on the base A1. The first floor structure 20 forms an underfloor space U between itself and the foundation 10. The first floor structure 20 includes a floorboard 21, a floor support material 22, a floor insulation material 23, and flooring material 24.

[0021] The floorboard 21 is a flat plate located on the underside (-Z axis side) of rooms B1-1 and B1-2. The floorboard 21 is installed parallel to the XY plane.

[0022] The floor support members 22 are multiple joists or beams that support the floorboards 21. The floor support members 22 support the floorboards 21 together with the sill A1. The floor support members 22 are assembled in a grid pattern on a plane parallel to the XY plane on the foundation 10. However, this is not limited to this. All or part of the floor support members 22 may be assembled in a vertical grid pattern parallel to the Y axis, or in a horizontal grid pattern parallel to the X axis. Furthermore, the floor support members 22 are provided with floor plywood 22a, floor fasteners 22b, and floor plywood support brackets 22c.

[0023] The floor plywood 22a is a board material installed parallel to the XY plane. The floor plywood 22a closes the opening on the -Z axis side of the lattice-shaped floor support material 22. The floor plywood 22a is structural plywood. However, it is not limited to this. The floor plywood 22a can be any board material that has sufficient strength to support the floor insulation material 23. The floor plywood 22a is positioned so as to be in contact with the lower surface of the floor support material 22.

[0024] The floor fastener 22b is a fastener for fixing the floorboard 21 to the floor support material 22. The floor fastener 22b is a nail, however, it is not limited to this. The floor fastener 22b may be, for example, a wood screw. The floor fastener 22b is screwed into the floor support material 22 by penetrating the floorboard 21 from the top side, thereby fixing the floorboard 21 to the floor support material 22.

[0025] The floor plywood support bracket 22c is a fitting for fixing the floor plywood 22a to the floor support material 22. The floor plywood support bracket 22c has an L-shaped bracket form in which a back portion 22c1 and a bottom portion 22c2 continuous with the back portion 22c1 are formed at a right angle. The back portion 22c1 of the floor plywood support bracket 22c is fixed to the side of the floor support material 22 with nails. However, it is not limited to this. The back portion 22c1 of the floor plywood support bracket 22c may be fixed with wood screws, for example. The floor plywood 22a is placed on the upper surface of the bottom portion 22c2 of the floor plywood support bracket 22c.

[0026] A sealant 22d is applied between the floor support member 22 and the floorboard 21. The sealant 22d fills the gap between the floor support member 22 and the floorboard 21. The sealant 22d is applied to the floor support member 22 at the position where the floor fastener 22b is screwed in.

[0027] The floor insulation material 23 is an insulating material installed beneath the floorboard 21. The floor insulation material 23 is installed between the floor support material 22 and other floor support material 22 adjacent to that floor support material 22. The floor insulation material 23 is supported on its underside by floor plywood 22a.

[0028] The flooring material 24 is a flooring material installed on the upper surface (+Z side) of the floorboard 21. The flooring material 24 is laid out so as to cover the upper surface of the floorboard 21, excluding the surface on which the first wall 30 is installed.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1, the first wall 30 is the wall of rooms B1-1 and B1-2 facing the outside. The first wall 30 is provided with at least one first fan 30a, which is a ventilation fan for exhausting the air from the indoor space of rooms B1-1 and B1-2. As shown in Figure 3, the first wall 30 includes a first interior material 31, a first wall support material 32, a first wall plywood 32a, a first wall insulation material 33, and a first exterior wall 34. The first interior material 31, the first wall support material 32, the first wall plywood 32a, and the first wall insulation material 33 of the first wall 30 constitute the first interior wall.

[0030] The first interior material 31 is a wall that is installed upright on the edge of the first floor body 20. The first interior material 31 is installed so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the floor board 21. As shown in Figure 2, caulking material 31a is applied to the lower end (-Z side end) of the first interior material 31. A ventilation opening for a fan is formed in at least one of the first interior material 31.

[0031] The caulking material 31a of the first interior material 31 fills the gap between the lower end of the first interior material 31 and the floorboard 21.

[0032] The first wall support members 32 are beams and studs that support the first interior finish material 31. The studs of the first wall support members 32 are assembled in a vertical grid pattern with the Z-axis direction as the vertical direction on the exterior surface of rooms B1-1 and B1-2 of the first interior finish material 31. The beams of the first wall support members 32 are assembled in a horizontal grid pattern with the X-axis direction or Y-axis direction as the horizontal direction on the exterior surface of rooms B1-1 and B1-2 of the first interior finish material 31. Furthermore, the first wall support members 32 are provided with a first wall plywood 32a and a first wall fixing device 32b.

[0033] The first wall plywood 32a is a board material provided so as to be in contact with the first wall support material 32. The first wall plywood 32a closes the opening on the exterior side of the lattice-shaped first wall support material 32. The first wall plywood 32a is structural plywood. However, it is not limited to this. The first wall plywood 32a is any board material that has sufficient strength to support the first wall insulation material 33. The first wall plywood 32a is positioned so as to be in contact with the exterior side of the first wall support material 32.

[0034] The first wall fastener 32b is a fastener for fixing the first interior material 31 or the first wall plywood 32a to the first wall support member 32. The first wall fastener 32b is a nail, however, it is not limited to this. The first wall fastener 32b may be, for example, a wood screw. The first wall fastener 32b is screwed into the first wall support member 32 by passing through the first wall plywood 32a from the exterior side, thereby fixing the first wall plywood 32a to the first wall support member 32. Furthermore, the first wall fastener 32b is screwed into the first wall support member 32 by passing through the first interior material 31 from the interior side, thereby fixing the first interior material 31 to the first wall support member 32.

[0035] Caulking material 32c is applied between the first wall support member 32 and the first interior material 31, and between the first wall support member 32 and the first wall plywood 32a. The caulking material 32c fills the gaps between the first wall support member 32 and the first interior material 31, and between the first wall support member 32 and the first wall plywood 32a. The caulking material 32c is applied to the first wall support member 32 at the position where the first wall fastener 32b is screwed in. The caulking material 32c is applied to the portion of the first wall support member 32 that faces the first interior material 31 and the first wall plywood 32a. Specifically, the portion of the first wall support member 32 that faces the first interior material 31 and the first wall plywood 32a is the ends of the surfaces perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the interior and exterior surfaces of the first wall support member 32. The width of the portion of the first wall support member 32 facing the first interior material 31 and the portion facing the first wall plywood 32a in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is approximately L / 3, as shown in Figure 4, where L is the width of the entire surface facing the first wall support member 32 in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram in which multiple first interior materials 31 are combined, but it may also be a single sheet.

[0036] The first wall insulation material 33 is an insulation material installed on the exterior side of rooms B1-1 and B1-2 (not shown) of the first interior material 31, as shown in Figures 1 to 3. The first wall insulation material 33 is installed between the first wall support material 32 and other first wall support material 32 adjacent to that first wall support material 32.

[0037] The first exterior wall 34 is a wall provided on the exterior side of rooms B1-1 and B1-2 (not shown) relative to the first wall plywood 32a. The first exterior wall 34 forms a first wall ventilation layer W1 between itself and the first wall plywood 32a. The first fan 30a exhausts the air from the interior space of rooms B1-1 and B1-2 into the first wall ventilation layer W1 formed by the first exterior wall 34. The first exterior wall 34 extends to the vicinity of the foundation ventilation holes 13 of the foundation 10. The first exterior wall 34 forms a first exhaust port 34a between itself and the first interior material 31 or the side wall 12 of the foundation 10 to discharge the air from within the first wall ventilation layer W1.

[0038] The first ceiling 40 is the ceiling of rooms B1-1 and B1-2, as shown in Figure 1. The first ceiling 40 is a flat plate located on the upper surface of rooms B1-1 and B1-2. The first ceiling 40 is installed parallel to the XY plane. A ceiling ventilation hole 40a is formed in the first ceiling 40 of room B1-1.

[0039] The ceiling vent 40a is formed in the first ceiling 40 of room B1-1. However, it is not limited to this. The ceiling vent 40a may be formed, for example, in the first ceiling 40 of room B1-2, or in the first ceiling 40 of both rooms B1-1 and B1-2. The ceiling vent 40a connects room B1-1 with the first ceiling space C1. An air conditioner E can be installed in the ceiling vent 40a. However, it is not limited to this. For example, only a louver can be installed in the ceiling vent 40a. The air conditioner E installed in the ceiling vent 40a takes in air from inside the first ceiling space C1 and releases it into the room of room B1-1, which is one of the interior spaces of building A.

[0040] The duct section 50 is a wall body with a space formed inside. The duct section 50 is installed adjacent to the partition wall 52. As shown in Figure 5, the duct section 50 has a duct board 51, and a space constituting the second wall ventilation layer W2 is formed between the duct board 51 and the partition wall 52. The duct section 50 is installed between rooms B1-1 and B1-2 and functions as a duct with a second wall ventilation layer W2 formed therein, one end of which communicates with the underfloor space U. However, it is not limited to this. The duct section 50 may be installed adjacent to the first wall body 30, for example. The duct section 50 can be installed in a location that is not visible to people. The duct section 50 can be installed inside or behind a closet, for example.

[0041] The duct board 51 is a wall that separates the second wall ventilation layer W2 from the interior space of room B1-1 or room B1-2.

[0042] As shown in Figure 5, the partition wall 52 has a first board 53, a second board 54, and studs 55. The partition wall 52 is formed by providing a plurality of studs 55 inside, and fixing the first board 53 and the second board 54 to a pair of sides of these studs 55, respectively.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1, the second floor structure 60 is the floor of room B2. The second floor structure 60 is a flat plate located on the underside of room B2. The second floor structure 60 is installed parallel to the XY plane. The second floor structure 60 forms a first ceiling space C1 between itself and the first ceiling 40, which communicates with the second wall ventilation layer W2.

[0044] The first ceiling 40, the duct section 50, and the second floor structure 60, along with the second wall ventilation layer W2 and the first ceiling space C1, form a ventilation passage that connects the underfloor space U and the interior space of building A.

[0045] The second wall 70 is the wall of room B2 facing the outside. The second wall 70 is provided with at least one second fan 70a, which is a ventilation fan for exhausting the air from the indoor space of room B2. As shown in Figure 7, the second wall 70 includes a second interior material 71, a second wall support material 72, a second wall plywood 72a, a second wall insulation material 73, and a second exterior wall 74. The second interior material 71, the second wall support material 72, the second wall plywood 72a, and the second wall insulation material 73 of the second wall 70 constitute the second interior wall.

[0046] As shown in Figure 6, the second interior material 71 is a wall that is installed upright on the edge of the second floor body 60. The second interior material 71 is installed so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the second floor body 60. Caulking material 71a is applied to the lower end (-Z side end) of the second interior material 71. A ventilation opening for a fan (not shown) is formed in at least one of the second interior material 71.

[0047] The caulking material 71a of the second interior material 71 fills the gap between the lower end of the second interior material 71 and the second floor body 60.

[0048] The second wall support members 72 are beams and studs that support the second interior material 71 shown in Figure 7. The studs, which are the second wall support members 72, are assembled in a vertical grid pattern with the Z-axis direction as the vertical direction on the exterior surface of room B2 of the second interior material 71. The beams, which are the second wall support members 72, are assembled in a horizontal grid pattern with the X-axis direction or Y-axis direction as the horizontal direction on the exterior surface of room B2 of the second interior material 71. Furthermore, the second wall support members 72 are provided with a second wall plywood 72a and a second wall fixing device 72b.

[0049] The second wall plywood 72a is a board material provided so as to be in contact with the second wall support material 72. The second wall plywood 72a closes the opening on the exterior side of the lattice-shaped second wall support material 72. The second wall plywood 72a is structural plywood. However, it is not limited to this. The second wall plywood 72a is any board material that has sufficient strength to support the second wall insulation material 73. The second wall plywood 72a is positioned so as to be in contact with the exterior side of the second wall support material 72.

[0050] The second wall fastener 72b is a fastener for fixing the second wall plywood 72a to the second wall support member 72. The second wall fastener 72b is a nail, however, it is not limited to this. The second wall fastener 72b may be, for example, a wood screw. The second wall fastener 72b is screwed into the second wall support member 72 by passing through the second wall plywood 72a from the exterior side, thereby fixing the second wall plywood 72a to the second wall support member 72. Furthermore, the second wall fastener 72b is screwed into the second wall support member 72 by passing through the second interior material 71 from the interior side, thereby fixing the second interior material 71 to the second wall support member 72.

[0051] Caulking material 72c is applied between the second wall support member 72 and the second interior material 71, and between the second wall support member 72 and the second wall plywood 72a. The caulking material 72c fills the gaps between the second wall support member 72 and the second interior material 71, and between the second wall support member 72 and the second wall plywood 72a. The caulking material 72c is applied to the second wall support member 72 at the position where the second wall fastener 72b is screwed in. The caulking material 72c is applied to the portion of the second wall support member 72 that faces the second interior material 71 and the second wall plywood 72a. Specifically, the portion of the second wall support member 72 that faces the second interior material 71 and the second wall plywood 72a is the ends of the surfaces perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the interior and exterior surfaces of the second wall support member 72. The width of the portion of the second wall support member 72 that faces the second interior material 71 and the second wall plywood 72a in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is approximately L / 3, as shown in Figure 4, where L is the width of the entire surface facing the second wall support member 72 in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram in which multiple second interior materials 71 are combined, but it may also be a single sheet.

[0052] As shown in Figure 7, the second wall insulation material 73 is an insulation material installed on the exterior side of room B2 of the second interior material 71. The second wall insulation material 73 is installed between the second wall support material 72 and other second wall support material 72 adjacent to that second wall support material 72.

[0053] The second exterior wall 74 is a wall located on the exterior side of room B2, relative to the second wall plywood 72a. The second exterior wall 74 forms a third wall ventilation layer W3 between itself and the second wall plywood 72a, which communicates with the first wall ventilation layer W1. As shown in Figure 1, the second fan 70a exhausts the indoor air of room B2 into the third wall ventilation layer W3 formed by the second exterior wall 74.

[0054] The second ceiling 80 is the ceiling of room B2. As shown in Figure 8, the second ceiling 80 has a ceiling panel 81, a ceiling support material 82, and a ceiling insulation material 83.

[0055] The ceiling panel 81 is a flat, plate-like body located on the upper surface of room B2. The ceiling panel 81 is installed parallel to the XY plane.

[0056] The ceiling support members 82 are a plurality of beams, joists, board joists, joist supports, or beams that support the ceiling board 81. The ceiling support members 82 are provided on the upper surface of the ceiling board 81. However, they are not limited to this. The ceiling support members 82 may also be provided on the lower surface of the ceiling board 81.

[0057] The ceiling insulation material 83 is an insulating material installed on the upper surface of the ceiling board 81.

[0058] The roof 90 covers the upper part of building A. The roof 90 is installed above the second ceiling 80. As shown in Figure 1, the roof 90 is formed in a symmetrical (symmetrical in the X-axis direction) V-shape. Between the roof 90 and the second ceiling 80, the roof 90 forms a second ceiling space C2 that communicates with the third wall ventilation layer W3. A second exhaust port 90a is formed in the roof edge of the roof 90 to discharge air from the second ceiling space C2.

[0059] Next, we will explain the construction method for the airtight structure 1.

[0060] First, a base A1 and columns A2 supporting building A as shown in Figure 9 are provided on the foundation 10, and a first floor body 20 is provided on the base A1. The first floor body 20 has openings (not shown) for forming the second wall ventilation layer W2. Then, first wall support members 32 are assembled in a vertical or horizontal grid pattern between the columns A2 of building A, and a first ceiling 40 and a second floor body 60 are provided parallel to the XY plane between the columns A2 of building A. In addition, second wall support members 72 are assembled in a vertical or horizontal grid pattern between the columns A2 of building A, and a second ceiling 80 as shown in Figure 8 is provided parallel to the XY plane between the columns A2 of building A.

[0061] Next, caulking material 32c is applied to the portion of the first wall support member 32 facing the first interior material 31 and the portion facing the first wall plywood 32a, as shown in Figure 3. Then, the first interior material 31 and the first wall plywood 32a are pressed against the first wall support member 32, and the first interior material 31 and the first wall plywood 32a are fixed to the first wall support member 32 with the first wall fixing device 32b. The caulking material 32c is compressed and spread by the first wall support member 32, the first interior material 31 and the first wall plywood 32a, and fills the gap between the first wall support member 32 and the first interior material 31 and the first wall plywood 32a without any gaps. Similarly, caulking material 72c is applied to the portion of the second wall support member 72 facing the second interior material 71 and the portion facing the second wall plywood 72a. The second interior material 71 and the second wall plywood 72a are then pressed against the second wall support member 72, and the second interior material 71 and the second wall plywood 72a are fixed to the second wall support member 72 with the second wall fastener 72b. At this time, the gaps between the first wall support member 32 and the second wall support member 72 are filled with the first wall insulation material 33 and the second wall insulation material 73, respectively. After that, the first exterior wall 34 and the second exterior wall 74 are installed. As a result, the first wall body 30 and the second wall body 70 are formed as shown in Figure 1.

[0062] Finally, a duct section 50 and a partition wall 52 are provided. Specifically, as shown in Figures 9 to 11, studs 55 are provided inside the interior space defined by the first floor 20, the first wall 30, and the first ceiling 40, and a partition wall 52 is constructed by fixing a first board 53 and a second board 54 to the studs 55, thereby dividing the interior space shown in Figure 1 into two, forming rooms B1-1 and B1-2. An opening is then formed in the first floor 20 near the partition wall 52 to form a second wall ventilation layer W2. Furthermore, a duct board 51 is provided to separate the second wall ventilation layer W2 from the interior space of room B1-1 or room B1-2. This completes the formation of the duct section 50 and the partition wall 52. However, this is not limited to this. Multiple duct sections 50 may be provided. The opening for forming the second wall ventilation layer W2 may be formed before the formation of the partition wall 52. Multiple partition walls 52 may be provided to form rooms separate from rooms B1-1 and B1-2. The duct section 50 and partition wall 52 may also be formed in room B2. As shown in Figures 9 to 11, the duct section 50 and partition wall 52 are formed after the first wall body 30 and the second wall body 70 are formed.

[0063] Next, the operating mode of the airtight structure 1 will be described.

[0064] First, the first fan 30a and the second fan 70a of the airtight structure 1 shown in Figure 1 are activated. The first fan 30a and the second fan 70a cause the air inside rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2 to flow into the first wall ventilation layer W1 and the third wall ventilation layer W3.

[0065] A portion of the air that flows into the first wall ventilation layer W1 descends through the first wall ventilation layer W1 and is discharged outdoors through the first exhaust port 34a. The remaining portion of the air that flows into the first wall ventilation layer W1 rises through the first wall ventilation layer W1 and flows into the third wall ventilation layer W3, where it merges with the air inside the third wall ventilation layer W3. The air flowing through the first wall ventilation layer W1 acts as an air curtain, delaying the transfer of cold or heat from the first exterior wall 34, which is heated or cooled by the cold or heat outside, to the first interior material 31 that constitutes one side of rooms B1-1 and B1-2, thereby providing insulation. Furthermore, the first wall insulation material 33, which is provided on the side of the first interior material 31 facing the first wall ventilation layer W1, further delays the transfer of cold or heat to the first interior material 31.

[0066] A portion of the air flowing into the third wall ventilation layer W3 descends through the third wall ventilation layer W3 and flows into the first wall ventilation layer W1, where it merges with the air inside the first wall ventilation layer W1. The remaining portion of the air flowing into the third wall ventilation layer W3 rises through the third wall ventilation layer W3 and flows into the second ceiling space C2. The air flowing through the third wall ventilation layer W3 acts as an air curtain, delaying the transfer of cold or heat from the second exterior wall 74, which is heated or cooled by the cold or heat outside, to the second interior material 71 that constitutes one side of room B2, thereby providing insulation. Furthermore, the second wall insulation material 73, which is provided on the side of the second interior material 71 facing the third wall ventilation layer W3, further delays the transfer of cold or heat to the second interior material 71.

[0067] The air that flows into the second ceiling space C2 is discharged to the outside through the second exhaust port 90a. The air flowing through the second ceiling space C2 acts as an air curtain, delaying the transfer of cold air or heat from the roof 90, which is heated or cooled by the cold air or heat outside, to the ceiling board 81, thereby providing insulation. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 8, the ceiling insulation material 83 provided on the side of the second ceiling 80 facing the second ceiling space C2 further delays the transfer of cold air or heat to the ceiling board 81.

[0068] As described above, the indoor air in rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2 is discharged to the outside through the first wall ventilation layer W1, the third wall ventilation layer W3, and the second ceiling space C2, via the first exhaust port 34a and the second exhaust port 90a. As a result, the amount of indoor air in rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2 decreases, the air pressure drops, and air flows into rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2.

[0069] Specifically, air from the first ceiling space C1 flows into the room B1-1 through the ceiling vent 40a of the first ceiling 40 of room B1-1. By operating the air conditioner E installed in the ceiling vent 40a at this time, the air from the first ceiling space C1 can be more efficiently drawn into the room B1-1.

[0070] Then, the air that flows into room B1-1 flows into room B1-2 through door D, which is located between room B1-1 and room B1-2. Furthermore, the air that flows into room B1-1 flows into room B2 through staircase S located in room B1-2.

[0071] After the air from the first ceiling space C1 flows into the rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2, the amount of air in the first ceiling space C1 decreases, the air pressure drops, and air flows back into the first ceiling space C1.

[0072] Specifically, air from the second wall ventilation layer W2, which is connected to the first ceiling space C1, flows into the first ceiling space C1. As the amount of air in the second wall ventilation layer W2 decreases and the air pressure drops, air from the underfloor space U, which is connected to the first ceiling space C1, flows into the first ceiling space C1. The air that flows from the underfloor space U to the first ceiling space C1 via the second wall ventilation layer W2 flows upward (in the +Z axis direction), so dust and debris contained in the air are pulled downward (in the -Z axis direction) by gravity, preventing them from rising with the air and thus preventing them from reaching the first ceiling space C1.

[0073] Furthermore, as the amount of air in the underfloor space U decreases, the air pressure drops, and outside air flows into the underfloor space U through the foundation ventilation holes 13 of the foundation 10 that forms the underfloor space U.

[0074] In the airtight structure 1 according to this embodiment, the air flowing through the first wall ventilation layer W1, the third wall ventilation layer W3, and the second ceiling space C2 forms an air curtain, providing thermal insulation. Furthermore, in the airtight structure 1 according to this embodiment, when the air from the underfloor space U flowing into the first ceiling space C1 passes through the second wall ventilation layer W2, the dust and debris contained in the air from the underfloor space U are shaken off by their own weight, thus suppressing the amount of dust and debris contained in the air flowing from the first ceiling space C1 to rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2.

[0075] In an airtight structure where air flowing through the first wall ventilation layer W1, the third wall ventilation layer W3, and the second ceiling space C2 forms an air curtain and provides insulation, even a small gap allows air to enter and exit, reducing the insulation effect. Furthermore, in building A, there are always objects 200, such as electrical outlets and pipes, that penetrate the first interior material 31 or the second interior material 71, and there is ventilation between the first wall 30 and the second wall 70 and the interior space. Therefore, if the interior of the first wall 30 and the second wall 70 is ventilated to, for example, the outside or the ceiling, air will enter and exit from the interior space, reducing the insulation effect. However, in the airtight structure 1 according to this embodiment, for example, as shown in Figure 12, even if an object 200 is present, the sealant 32c, 72c and sealant 22d, 31a, 71a (not shown) prevent ventilation between the interior of the first wall 30 and the second wall 70 and the outside, ceiling, underfloor (not shown), thus further improving the thermal insulation effect.

[0076] In conventional airtight structures, if the inside of the wall is not ventilated to the outside, ceiling, etc., condensation occurs due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside. This condensation becomes trapped inside the wall, causing deterioration of the insulation material inside the wall and damage to the beams and studs. In the airtight structure 1 according to this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the air flowing through the first wall ventilation layer W1, the third wall ventilation layer W3, and the second ceiling space C2 acts as an air curtain, providing insulation, so condensation is less likely to occur inside the first wall 30 and the second wall 70. Therefore, in the airtight structure 1 according to this embodiment, as shown in Figure 12, the sealants 32c, 72c, and sealants 22d, 31a, 71a (not shown) prevent the inside of the first wall 30 and the second wall 70 from ventilating to the outside, ceiling, under the floor (not shown), etc., thus further improving the insulation effect.

[0077] In conventional airtight structures, after installing columns A2, first wall support members 32, second wall support members 72, and studs 55, the first interior material 31, first wall plywood 32a, second interior material 71, and second wall plywood 72a were fixed in place. Conventional partition walls 52 were formed by fixing the first interior material 31 and second interior material 71 to the studs 55. In conventional airtight structures, gaps were created between the first interior material 31 and second interior material 71 of the partition wall 52 and the first interior material 31 and second interior material 71 of the first wall body 30 and second wall body 70. Indoor air entered and exited the first wall body 30 and second wall body 70 through these gaps, reducing the thermal insulation effect. In the airtight structure 1 according to this embodiment, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the duct section 50 and partition wall 52 are formed after the first wall body 30 and second wall body 70 are formed. Since there are no gaps between the first interior material 31 and the second interior material 71 of the partition wall 52 and the first interior material 31 and the second interior material 71 of the first wall body 30 and the second wall body 70, the thermal insulation effect can be further improved. Although air flows in the space partitioned by the partition wall 52, the movement of air within the interior space partitioned by the first wall body 30 and the second wall body 70 does not reduce the thermal insulation effect of the building A as a whole.

[0078] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above.

[0079] In the above embodiment, the duct section 50 is provided between rooms B1-1 and B1-2, as shown in Figure 1, and the second wall ventilation layer W2 is in communication with the first ceiling space C1. However, it is not limited to this. For example, room B2 may be divided into two rooms, and the duct section 50 may also be provided between the two rooms of room B2. Furthermore, the second wall ventilation layer W2 may be in communication with, for example, the ceiling space above the second ceiling 80, or the second ceiling space C2.

[0080] In the above embodiment, the air in the underfloor space U is connected to the interior space of building A by the second wall ventilation layer W2 and the first ceiling space C1. However, it is not limited to this. The air in the underfloor space U only needs to be connected to the interior space of building A. For example, the air in the underfloor space U may be connected directly to the interior space from the second wall ventilation layer W2 by an air conditioner E installed in the first board 53 or the second board 54.

[0081] In the above embodiment, the partition wall 52 is provided together with the duct section 50. Furthermore, the partition wall 52 may be provided separately.

[0082] The present invention can be implemented in various forms and modified without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the invention. The embodiments described above are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the invention. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0083] 1 Airtight structure, 10 Foundation, 11 Bottom, 12 Side wall, 13 Foundation ventilation hole, 14 Height adjustment anchor bolt, 20 First floor body, 21 Floorboard, 22 Floor support material, 22a Floor plywood, 22b Floor fasteners, 22c Floor plywood support brackets, 22c1 Rear section, 22c2 Bottom section, 22d, 31a, 32c, 71a, 72c Caulking material, 23 Floor insulation material, 24 Flooring material, 30 First wall body, 30a First fan, 31 First interior material, 32 First wall support material (beam, stud), 32a First wall plywood, 32b First wall fasteners, 33 First wall insulation material, 34 First exterior wall, 34a First exhaust vent, 40 First ceiling, 40a Ceiling ventilation hole, 50 Duct section, 51 Duct board, 52 Partition wall, 53 First board, 54 Second board, 55 Stud, 60 Second floor, 70 Second wall, 70a Second fan, 71 Second interior material, 72 Second wall support material (beam, stud), 72a Second wall plywood, 72b Second wall fasteners, 73 Second wall insulation, 74 Second exterior wall, 80 Second ceiling, 81 Ceiling board, 82 Ceiling support material, 83 Ceiling insulation, 90 Roof, 90a Second exhaust vent, 200 Equipment, A Building, A1 Foundation, A2 Column, B1-1, B1-2, B2 Room, C1 First ceiling space, C2 Second ceiling space, D Door, E Air conditioner, S Stairs, U Underfloor space, W1 First wall ventilation layer, W2 Second wall ventilation layer, W3 Third wall ventilation layer.

Claims

1. A floor structure with an underfloor space formed below into which air flows in from the outside, A wall having an outer wall and an inner wall, with a wall ventilation layer formed between the outer wall and the inner wall through which air from the interior space of the building is exhausted, A ceiling is formed above which a ceiling space is formed that communicates with the aforementioned wall ventilation layer and from which internal air is discharged to the outside, A ventilation passage connecting the underfloor space and the interior space, Equipped with, The aforementioned wall body, The wall plywood that constitutes the interior wall, The interior wall comprises beams and studs to which the wall plywood is fixed and to which caulking material is provided between the wall plywood, An interior material that constitutes the interior wall, is fixed to the beam and the stud, and has the caulking material provided between the beam and the stud, An airtight structure for a building.

2. The floor material is provided on the upper surface of the floor body and has a gap formed between it and the interior material, The interior material is installed adjacent to the wall of the floor structure. The airtight structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the caulking material is provided between the interior material and the floor material.

3. The interior space is further divided by partition walls, The airtight structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the partition wall is provided on the interior side of the interior space than the interior material.

4. A method for manufacturing an airtight structure for a building according to claim 3, The steps include: installing the beams and studs, fixing the wall plywood and interior materials to the beams and studs, and constructing the interior wall; The steps include: installing the columns of the partition wall within the interior space defined by the interior wall, fixing the first board and the second board to the columns, and constructing the partition wall; A method for manufacturing an airtight structure for a building, which includes the features described above.

5. A method for manufacturing an airtight building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The steps include applying the caulking material to the outdoor side and the indoor side of the beam and the stud, The process involves pressing the wall plywood or interior material against the caulking material and then securing it with nails or wood screws. A method for manufacturing an airtight structure for a building, which includes the features described above.

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