Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions and methods

Abstract

The present invention provides compositions and methods for liquid-liquid phase transition liquids. [Solution] In one embodiment, the liquid-liquid phase transition method includes the steps of first forming a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water, and then causing the composition to undergo a phase transition at a temperature above the cloud point of the composition to form at least two liquid phases. The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy may be greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a calorimeter, and each liquid phase may have unique and advantageous properties. In another embodiment, this application relates to a composition suitable for a liquid-liquid phase transition composition.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications This application is a result of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 987,972, filed on March 11, 2020. Claiming priority, this application is incorporated herein by reference. [Overview of the project]

[0002] Background and Overview of the Invention This application relates to compositions for liquid-liquid phase transition liquids. Embodiments describe a novel classification of liquids. This includes bodies and novel liquid-liquid phenomena. Applications include thermal Transmission, cool transfer, refrigeration cycles, osmotic heat engines, HVAC, drilling Fluid dynamics, oil and gas drilling, forward osmosis, osmotically assisted reverse osmosis Smosis, osmotically assisted nanofiltration, osmosis pro One or more of the following: cess, gas separation, separation, extraction, thermal storage, heat transport, district heating, or sensors. This could include, but is not limited to, numbers or combinations thereof. Desirable properties include... Therefore, large phase transition enthalpy, phase transition enthalpy in the applicable temperature range, application Large total heat capacity over a temperature range, density difference between liquid phases, liquid phase separability, low viscosity or This could be one or more reversible liquid-liquid phase transitions, or a combination thereof. It is not limited to them. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0003] [Figure 1]This is a graph of RC1 for all cycles for composition #1. Tr is the composition temperature, Tj is the instrument jacket temperature, q hf is the heat flow rate, and q rtc is the heat flux. The phase transition enthalpy of composition #1 was fully reversible and repeatable. Composition #1 exhibited consistent phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity over 12 continuous heating + cooling cycles without degradation and with a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (within the assumed noise of the RC1 instrument). The phase transition enthalpy during heating absorbed the same amount of heat released during the phase transition enthalpy during cooling, with a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (within the assumed noise of the RC1 instrument). [Figure 2] This is a graph of RC1 for all cycles for composition #2. Tr is the composition temperature, Tj is the instrument jacket temperature, q hf is the heat flow rate, and q rtc is the heat flux. The phase transition enthalpy of composition #2 was fully reversible and repeatable. Composition #2 exhibited consistent phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity over 12 continuous heating + cooling cycles without degradation and with a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (within the assumed noise of the RC1 instrument). The phase transition enthalpy during heating absorbed the same amount of heat released during the phase transition enthalpy during cooling, with a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (within the assumed noise of the RC1 instrument). [Figure 3] This is a graph of RC1 for one cycle for composition #1. Tr is the composition temperature, Tj is the equipment jacket temperature, q hf is the heat flow rate, and q rtc is the heat flux. Tr represents the reactor temperature, Tj represents the jacket temperature, and Tr and Tj refer to the left Y-axis label ("Temperature"). q hf and q rtc represent the heat flow rate and heat flux, respectively, and are indicated by the right Y-axis label ("Heat Flow Rate"). [Figure 4]This is a graph of RC1 for one cycle for composition #2. Tr is the composition temperature, Tj is the equipment jacket temperature, q hf is the heat flow rate, and q rtc is the heat flux. Tr represents the reactor temperature, Tj represents the jacket temperature, and Tr and Tj refer to the left Y-axis label ("Temperature"). q hf and q rtc represent the heat flow rate and heat flux, respectively, and are indicated by the right Y-axis label ("Heat Flow Rate"). [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0004] Example of a definition ●Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition: A "liquid-liquid phase transition" is a transition in which a composition absorbs heat while maintaining its liquid phase. It may be included when it receives heat or releases heat (exothermic reaction). One or more compositions The form or characteristics of the liquid phase can change during the liquid-liquid phase transition, for example, one of the liquid phases Or the number of multiple or combinations of liquid phases, or viscosity, or composition, or concentration, or It is a distribution.

[0005] ●Liquid-liquid phase transition reagent: In a two-component solution containing the reagent and the solution reagent or water, the liquid phase transition occurs. A reagent that has a transition effect.

[0006] ● Liquid-liquid phase transition composition: liquid-liquid phase transition of the liquid phase, or liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, A composition exhibiting a cloud point temperature, or a combination thereof.

[0007] ●Organic liquid phase: The "organic liquid phase" contains one or more organic reagents with a higher concentration than water. Or containing the concentration of a combination of organic reagents, or higher than that of another liquid phase in the same composition, organic This refers to the liquid phase formed above the cloud point of the liquid-liquid phase transition, including the concentration of the liquid phase. For example, The liquid phase is at least 0.1% or at least 1% more than another liquid phase in the same composition. or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or 30%, or at least 35%, or at least 40%, or at least 45%, or at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 70% higher, and can include the concentration of one or more of the organic reagents or a combination of organic reagents. For example, the organic liquid phase is at least 0.1%, or at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or at least 30%, or at least 35%, or at least 40 %, or at least 45%, or at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 70% lower than the concentration of water in another liquid phase in the same composition.

[0008] ● Organic reagent: A reagent containing at least some carbon. A reagent containing a carbon-based substance.

[0009] ● Aqueous liquid phase: By "aqueous liquid phase", it means a liquid phase that occurs above the cloud point of the liquid-liquid phase transition and contains a higher concentration of water than the concentration of one or more organic reagents or the total concentration of organic reagents, or a liquid phase that contains a higher concentration of water than another liquid phase in the same composition. For example , at the cloud point and above, the aqueous liquid phase is at least 0.1%, or at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or at least 30 %, or at least 35%, or at least 40%, or at least 45%, or at least 50%, or at least 60%, or It can contain a water concentration that is at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 70% higher. For example, the aqueous liquid phase is less than at least 0.1%, or at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 1 0%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or at least 25%, or at least 30%, or at least 35%, or at least 40%, or at least 4 5%, or at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 7 0% lower than the concentration of one or more organic reagents or the total concentration of organic reagents. It can contain the concentration of one or more organic reagents or the total concentration of organic reagents. It can be.

[0010] ● Passive reagent: The "passive reagent" can contain either a liquid-liquid phase transfer reagent or a reagent that follows water during the cloud point between two or more liquid phases. The passive reagent "follows" an organic liquid phase or liquid phase containing a liquid-liquid phase transfer reagent during the cloud point between multiple liquid phases, and the organic liquid phase or liquid phase containing the liquid-liquid phase transfer reagent can contain more than 50% of the "passive reagent" in the composition. The passive reagent "follows" the aqueous liquid phase during the cloud point between multiple liquid phases, and the aqueous phase can contain more than 50% of the "passive reagent" in the composition. In some examples, the passive reagent can contain a reagent that does not have a liquid-liquid phase transition in a binary mixture having water and the passive reagent. In some examples, the passive reagent can contain a reagent that has a liquid-liquid phase transition in a binary mixture having water and the passive reagent. It can contain either a liquid-liquid phase transfer reagent or a reagent that follows water during the cloud point between two or more liquid phases. The passive reagent "follows" an organic liquid phase or liquid phase containing a liquid-liquid phase transfer reagent during the cloud point between multiple liquid phases, and the organic liquid phase or liquid phase containing the liquid-liquid phase transfer reagent can contain more than 50% of the "passive reagent" in the composition. The passive reagent "follows" the aqueous liquid phase during the cloud point between multiple liquid phases, and the aqueous phase can contain more than 50% of the "passive reagent" in the composition. In some examples, the passive reagent can contain a reagent that does not have a liquid-liquid phase transition in a binary mixture having water and the passive reagent. In some examples, the passive reagent can contain a reagent that has a liquid-liquid phase transition in a binary mixture having water and the passive reagent. In some examples, the passive reagent can contain a reagent that does not have a liquid-liquid phase transition in a binary mixture having water and the passive reagent. In some examples, the passive reagent can contain a reagent that has a liquid-liquid phase transition in a binary mixture having water and the passive reagent. In some examples, the passive reagent can contain a reagent that has a liquid-liquid phase transition in a binary mixture having water and the passive reagent. It can be.

[0011] ● Density reduction reagent: When the composition undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition or one of the other desired properties It is possible to hold multiple or other combinations of desired properties, or combinations thereof. However, it is possible to reduce the density of one or more liquid phases in the liquid-liquid phase transition composition. reagent.

[0012] ● Density-enhancing reagents or density-increasing reagents: The composition undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition or other desired properties. One or more of the other desired properties or combination thereof, or retaining such combination This enables the increase in the density of one or more liquid phases in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition. A reagent that can be used.

[0013] ● Phase transition type modifier: A phase transition modifier modifies one or more properties of a liquid-liquid phase transition solution. The reagent is one whose properties can be adjusted or altered. Therefore, density, or viscosity, or cloud point type, or cloud point temperature, or liquid-liquid phase transition environment The temperature range of thalpy, or liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, or vapor pressure, or solubility These may include, but are not limited to, the phase transition type modifier. In some embodiments, the phase transition type modifier is , retaining one or more other desired attributes, while retaining one or more attributes or properties It may be desirable to adjust or change it.

[0014] ●Particle count: The number of particles in a solution measured by the laser particle counting method, where, The solution is consistently mixed or turbulent. The number of particles is new in the liquid composition, e.g. For example, the presence and / or formation of a new liquid phase can be determined.

[0015] ●Particle density: The number of particles per 1 mL of solution, measured by the laser particle counting method. Here, the solution is consistently mixed or turbulent. The particle density is the liquid composition. The presence and / or formation of a new phase, such as a new liquid phase, can be determined.

[0016] ●Combined cloud point: The "combined cloud point" is the point at which a mixture of three or more different liquid substances... This refers to the temperature at which phase separation begins, resulting in the appearance of two phases and / or the mixture becoming cloudy. When used in fine writing, a combination of three or more different liquid substances is typically used for clouding. It differs from the cloud point of any two combinations of the different liquid substances listed above. That is, azeotropic mixing. Like a substance, a mixture of three or more substances has a cloud point that is two times that of each of its individual components. It behaves differently than what would be expected from the component mixture. For example, two or more non-aqueous reagents The composition may be combined with water, and the resulting solution may contain the potential binary components of its individual substances. In contrast to either of the two cloud point temperatures based on a combination of minutes, a single cloud point temperature ("combination") It can have a combined cloud point. Similarly, if two or more non-solvent reagents are present in the composition as a solvent and They may be combined, and the resulting solution will be a combination of the two potential components of the individual substances. In contrast to either of the two cloud point temperatures used as a reference, a single cloud point temperature ("combined cloud point") It may have two or more non-aqueous reagents or non-solvent reagents, which have water or a solvent. It can exhibit a cloud point temperature different from any of the individual reagents in the solution.

[0017] ●Combined liquid-liquid phase transition: Through a "combined liquid-liquid phase transition," three or more different liquid substances... The mixture absorbs heat, releases heat, or both during the liquid-liquid phase transition. This refers to a temperature that is three or more different liquid substances. The temperature range for the liquid-liquid phase transition is typically any two of three or more different liquid substances. This is different from the cloud point of a combination of species. That is, it is related to the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range, as in azeotropic mixtures. And a mixture of three or more substances is predicted from the two-component mixture of each of its individual components. It acts differently from what would be expected. For example, two or more non-aqueous reagents combine with water in a composition. This may be done, and the resulting solution will be based on the potential two-component combination of the individual substances. In contrast to either of the two liquid-liquid phase transition temperatures, a single liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range ("combination") It can have a "liquid-liquid phase transition". Similarly, two or more non-solvent reagents in the composition It may be combined with a solvent, and the resulting solution is a combination of the potential two components of its individual substances. In contrast to both of the two liquid-liquid phase transition temperatures based on se, a single liquid-liquid phase transition temperature It can have a range of degrees ("combined solution-liquid phase transition"). Two or more non-aqueous reagents or non The solvent reagent undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition that is different from that of any of the individual reagents in a solution containing water or the solvent. Temperature can be observed. In some cases, "combined liquid-liquid phase transition" is "combined clouding". It can be used interchangeably with "point".

[0018] ● Cloud point or initial cloud point: The temperature at which a clear increase in the number of particles in the solution occurs. Scope. The liquid solution exhibits significant formation of a new phase, which can be indicated by particle counting. The temperature at which this can be done. It may be desirable for the solution to be mixed while undergoing the particle counting method. .

[0019] ● Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy: The total amount of heat absorbed by the liquid-liquid phase transition composition (endothermic). ) or all heat released (exothermic). In some cases, liquids within a specified temperature range - All heat absorbed (endothermic) or all heat released (exothermic) by the liquid phase transition composition. It can include...

[0020] ● Temperature range of liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy: The heat exceeds the baseline specific heat capacity of the solution. The temperature range over which absorption or release occurs due to a liquid-liquid phase transition in a solution.

[0021] ● Initial temperature of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy: The heat exceeds the baseline specific heat capacity of the solution. The temperature at which absorption or release begins due to a liquid-liquid phase transition in a solution.

[0022] ●Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Peak Enthalpy: The temperature at which the composition has its maximum effective specific heat capacity. The liquid phase transition enthalpy is the temperature at which the rate of heat absorption (endothermic) or heat release (exothermic) is greatest. Degree or point. The greatest specific heat capacity or specific heat capacity enhancement of a liquid due to a liquid-liquid phase transition. A temperature that has

[0023] ●Peak effective specific heat capacity: The maximum effective specific heat capacity of the composition.

[0024] ●Baseline specific heat capacity: The baseline specific heat capacity is when no liquid-liquid phase transition has occurred. This includes the specific heat capacity of the solution. The baseline specific heat capacity is calculated by adding the specific heat capacity of each reagent to the specific heat capacity of each component in the composition. The calculation is performed by multiplying the decimal weight percentage concentration of each reagent by the resulting calculated values ​​and adding them together. This may include the specific heat capacity of aggregation of each isolated reagent.

[0025] ● Reversibility: In some compositions, reversibility is a property that occurs when heated to a certain temperature. A phase transition in which heat is absorbed and approximately the same amount of heat is released when cooled through the same temperature range. This may relate to liquids that have enthalpy. In some compositions, reversibility depends on temperature or By changing parameters such as concentration, phase B can be formed from phase A, and then... By returning the parameter to its previous level, the composition can be returned to phase A. This may relate to the possible compositions.

[0026] ● Viscosity-reducing reagents: compositions that allow the liquid-liquid phase transition to be maintained, or other One or more of the desired properties of or a combination of other desired properties, or those While enabling the combination to be maintained, one or more liquid phases in the liquid-liquid phase transition composition A reagent that can reduce the dynamic viscosity.

[0027] ● Viscosity-increasing reagents: compositions that enable the liquid-liquid phase transition to be maintained, or other One or more of the desired properties of or a combination of other desired properties, or those While enabling the combination to be maintained, one or more liquid phases in the liquid-liquid phase transition composition A reagent that can increase the dynamic viscosity.

[0028] ●Density-reducing reagents: Density-reducing reagents include reagents that can be used to reduce the density of the liquid phase. For example, density reduction reagents can be used in liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, which can exhibit high liquid-liquid phase transition properties. It is possible to maintain an enthalpy, for example, a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy greater than 2.5 kJ / kg. It is added to reduce the density of the liquid phase in compositions having a liquid-liquid phase transition, while also enabling the liquid-liquid phase transition. It may contain reagents. For example, density-reducing reagents are reagents added to reduce the density of the liquid phase. It may include two or more obtained from a liquid-liquid phase transition at a temperature above the cloud point temperature. It can have an affinity for one of the liquid phases. Affinity for a liquid phase refers to the liquid-liquid phase transition. More than 10 wt%, or more than 20 wt%, or more than 30 wt%, of the reagent in the solution, or more than 40 wt%, or more than 50 wt%, or more than 60 wt%, or more than 70 wt%, The presence of over 80 wt%, over 90 wt%, or over 95 wt% above the cloud point temperature. It can be defined as a reagent in one of two or more liquid phases. Its affinity to the liquid phase is determined by the liquid- More than 50 wt%, or more than 60 wt%, or 70 wt% of the reagent in the liquid phase transition solution If the amount exceeds % or 80 wt%, or 90 wt%, or 95 wt%, the cloud point temperature is exceeded. It can be defined as a reagent present in one of two or more liquid phases. For example, meta Nol (density 0.792 g / mL) may have an affinity for water, or glycol polymer - and in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition with a cloud point temperature above that of water, to a liquid phase containing more than 50 wt% water. It may have affinity for glycyethanol. For example, 2-butoxyethanol (density 0.9 g / mL) is glycyethanol. It may have affinity for glycol polymers, or may contain glycol polymers and water. In a liquid-liquid phase transition composition with a cloud point temperature above, the glycol polymer has affinity for the liquid phase. It is possible.

[0029] ●Density-enhancing reagents: Density-enhancing reagents include reagents that can be used to increase the density of the liquid phase. For example, density-enhancing reagents can be used to create liquid-liquid phase transition compositions that exhibit high liquid-liquid phase transition properties. To maintain the enthalpy (for example, liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy greater than 2.5 kJ / kg) However, it is added to increase the density of the liquid phase in a composition having a liquid-liquid phase transition. For example, dense Temperature-enhancing reagents are added to increase the density of the liquid phase, and above the cloud point temperature, they produce liquid-liquid phase transitions. It may contain a reagent that has affinity for one of two or more liquid phases. The affinity for is greater than 10 wt%, greater than 20 wt%, or greater than 30 wt% in the liquid-liquid phase transition solution. More than t%, or more than 40wt%, or more than 50wt%, or more than 60wt%, or 70wt% The reagent in an amount exceeding t%, or exceeding 80 wt%, or exceeding 90 wt%, or exceeding 95 wt%, It can be defined as a reagent present in one of two or more liquid phases at temperatures above the cloud point. The affinity to the liquid phase is greater than 50 wt%, or greater than 60 wt%, in the liquid-liquid phase transition solution. The above is greater than 70 wt%, or greater than 80 wt%, or greater than 90 wt%, or greater than 95 wt%. The reagent is determined to be one of two or more liquid phases present above the cloud point temperature. It can be defined as a glycol polymer. For example, dipotassium phosphate (density 2.44 g / mL) is a glycol polymer. - and in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water with a cloud point temperature above, affinity for water, or 50 wt It can have affinity for liquid phases containing more than % water. For example, propylene carbonate (density 1 0.2 g / mL) is a liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing glycol polymer and water with a cloud point temperature above. Among these, affinity for glycol polymers, or affinity for liquid phases containing glycol polymers. It can have.

[0030] ● Solvent reagent: A liquid substance that can dissolve or disperse one or more other substances. In some embodiments, the reagent contains the highest weight % concentration of the composition. The solvent reagent may contain water. In some embodiments, the solvent reagent is a low molecular weight organic Substances (e.g., methanol or CO2), or low molecular weight inorganic substances (e.g., ammonia) It may contain sulfur dioxide.

[0031] ●Non-aqueous reagents: Reagents other than water.

[0032] ●Single liquid-phase combination solution: A single liquid-phase solution that constitutes the entire composition. Liquid-liquid phase transition composition A solution containing reagents, or reagents of a liquid-liquid phase transition composition dissolved together in a single liquid phase.

[0033] ● Non-contact separation: "Non-contact separation" means that the liquid phase is isolated and separated from other liquid phases. This may include cases where there is no physical contact.

[0034] Some of the disclosed embodiments involve a reversible phase transition that occurs over a certain temperature range. This invention relates to a liquid-liquid phase transition composition having a transition enthalpy. The liquid-liquid phase transition composition is a liquid-liquid phase transition composition that has a specific temperature The cloud point may be at a certain temperature, and this cloud point is determined by the number of particles or particle density of the liquid solution at a given temperature. It can be measured by the temperature that changes due to the change. Several introduced herein In liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, the cloud point temperature is within a certain narrow portion of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy or It can include a narrow range. For example, the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy can be broader than the cloud point temperature. It can occur over a range or temperature range different from the cloud point temperature. For example, liquid- More than 50%, or more than 60%, or more than 70% of the temperature range of the liquid phase transition enthalpy, Alternatively, more than 80% or more than 90% may be outside the cloud point temperature. For example, liquid-liquid phase transition environment More than 50% of the heat absorbed or released within the talpy temperature range, Over 60%, or over 70%, or over 80%, or over 90% may occur outside the cloud point temperature. ru.

[0035] In the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, the liquid-liquid phase transition composition described herein Some embodiments of the material are added through only a portion of the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. Even when heated and cooled, it can exhibit a reversible liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. For example, if the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 5°C to 17°C, the composition It is heated from 6.67°C to 12.78°C, and then cooled from 12.78°C to 6.67°C. It may be done, and the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition during heating is the same as the enthalpy of the liquid phase transition during cooling. -It may be similar to or the reverse of the liquid phase transition enthalpy. For example, liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy If the temperature range of the enthalpy is 5°C to 17°C, the composition is heated to 8°C to 10°C. The temperature may then be cooled from 10°C to 8°C, and the liquid-liquid phase transition during heating may occur. P is similar to, or even the opposite of, the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition during the cooling process. For example, if the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 5°C to 17°C, The product may be heated to 5.5°C to 7°C and then cooled to 7°C to 5.5°C. The enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition during heating is the same as the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition during cooling. It may be similar to thalpy or the opposite. For example, the enthalpy of a liquid-liquid phase transition If the temperature range is 5°C to 17°C, the composition is heated from 13°C to 15°C, and then to 15°C. The temperature may be cooled from °C to 13°C, and the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during the heating is The enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition during the aforementioned cooling may be similar to or the opposite of this. For example, if the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 5°C to 17°C, then the composition is 1 It may be heated from 5°C to 17°C and then cooled from 17°C to 15°C, and the heating The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during cooling is equal to the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during cooling. It may be similar to or the reverse of the other. For example, the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. If the temperature is between 5°C and 17°C, the composition is heated from 5°C to 7°C and then cooled from 7°C to 5°C. It may be rejected, and the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during heating is the same as during cooling. The enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition between these phases may be similar to or the reverse of this enthalpy.

[0036] In some compositions, the phase transition enthalpy adjusts the concentration of one or more reagents. It was found that this can be made broader or narrower. For example, polypropylene The temperature range for the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy of glycol 2000 is approximately 0.01 wt% to approximately 3 It spreads at a concentration of 5 wt% in water, and the maximum liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is generally 20-3 It occurs within the range of 0 wt%. For example, some organic reagents (e.g., glycol ether) The presence of (or diethylene glycol hexyl ether) affects the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. This may narrow the temperature range, or a larger proportion of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy may occur. This may allow it to occur at lower temperatures, or both. In the composition, the concentration of glycol polymer is greater than 35 wt%. It provides a wider temperature range of liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy than concentrations below 35 wt%. It should be noted that this is possible.

[0037] The cloud point temperature is the temperature of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, or the liquid-liquid phase transition peak enthalpy. It can include temperatures that are actually different from the temperature of - or both of these temperatures. In some cases, the significant temperature difference between the liquid-liquid phase transition peak enthalpy and the cloud point temperature is high. This can indicate the existence of a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. In some examples, the cloud point temperature A composition having a different liquid-liquid phase transition peak enthalpy, wherein this composition transitions from multiple liquid phases to multiple liquid phases. Formed by utilizing a certain concentration of a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent to enable a transition to the liquid phase. Yes, it is possible. In some cases, the cloud point temperature and the peak enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition are different. The composition is subjected to a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent so that the composition has a transition from one liquid phase to another. It can be formed by utilizing a certain concentration. In some examples, the cloud point temperature is different from that of the liquid- A composition having a liquid phase transition peak enthalpy, and this composition having a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy The multiliquid phase state is below the temperature range, or below the cloud point temperature, or below a combination thereof. Thus, it can be formed by utilizing a certain concentration of the liquid-liquid phase transition reagent. Several examples So, the peak enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of the liquid-liquid phase transition composition is different from the cloud point temperature. - While having a higher liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy achieved by - Below the thalpy temperature range, or below the cloud point temperature, or below a combination thereof, single In some cases, it is desirable to use a phase transition type modifier that enables the presence of a liquid phase. .

[0038] For example, during heating from 0°C to 30°C, the cloud point temperature of the solution is determined based on a particle counting method. The temperature was 4.7°C. In particular, according to measurements from the RC1 calorimeter, the heating from 0°C to 30°C In between, the peak of the phase transition enthalpy of the same solution is at 12.51°C, or the cloud point temperature. and 7.81 o The phase transition enthalpy is at least 5.3°C. up to, or cloud point temperature and 0.6 o Detection was not possible below a certain temperature range (5.5℃~). The average specific heat capacity of a solution at 15.5°C is 7.42 J / g°C, which is equivalent to the specific heat capacity of water. This was 177%, or 190% of the baseline specific heat capacity of 3.9 J / g°C. In this case, during heating from 0°C to 30°C, the heat absorbed at the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy... Over 90% of these occurred at temperatures different from the cloud point temperature.

[0039] Some liquid-liquid phase transition compositions can have multiple liquid phases below the cloud point temperature. Having more than one liquid phase below the cloud point temperature may present challenges in some applications. For example, in thermal storage, a multi-phase liquid below its cloud point temperature will be subjected to different temperatures or conditions. When separating or storing the liquid phase of a composition having a density gradient, in particular, the liquid phase is in a density gradient. This can present challenges when stored or separated by density gradients. Example For example, in thermal transition, the rate of convective heat transfer in a composition having multiple liquid phases below the cloud point temperature. Alternatively, an increase in the rate of convective heat transfer could lead to, for example, greater mass transfer between cloud points or Due to mass transfer, the rate of convective heat transfer in a composition having a single liquid phase below the cloud point temperature is lower than The temperature can also be small. Some embodiments are compositions having multiple liquid phases below the cloud point temperature. This may relate to converting it into a composition having a single liquid phase below the cloud point temperature.

[0040] For example, polypropylene glycol 2000 + water has multiple liquid phases below its cloud point temperature. or it has a multi-phase mixture. For example, polypropylene glycol 1200 + water has cloudiness It has multiple liquid phases or a mixture of multiple liquid phases at a temperature below the point temperature. For example, polypropylene glyco Water 2700+ has multiple liquid phases or a mixture of multiple liquid phases below its cloud point temperature. Introducing a specific glycol ether into the composition means that the aforementioned composition is below the cloud point temperature. This makes it possible to have single-phase solutions and multi-phase solutions above the cloud point temperature. , at least a portion of diethylene glycol hexyl ether is polypropylene glycol Introducing 2000+ water into a composition means that the composition is a single liquid phase below the cloud point temperature, and the cloud point At temperatures above a certain temperature, it is converted into one having a multi-liquid phase mixture and / or, where the composition is 2 More than 0.5kJ / kg, or more than 5kJ / kg, or more than 7.5kJ / kg, or 10kJ Over / kg, or over 12.5kJ / kg, or over 15kJ / kg, or 17.5kJ It exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy greater than / kg or greater than 20kJ / kg.

[0041] Disclosed herein is the existence of a common cloud point in a specific mixture of three or more components. Therefore, due to the "combined cloud point," a mixture of three or more different liquid substances begins to separate into phases. This refers to the temperature at which two phases appear and the mixture becomes cloudy. In combination, a cloud point is typically a combination of three or more different liquid substances. It is different from any two combinations of the cloud point. That is, like azeotropic mixtures, it is related to the cloud point. Therefore, a mixture of three or more substances can be predicted by the two-component mixture of each of its individual components. It acts differently from what is expected. For example, two or more non-aqueous reagents, when combined with water in a composition... They may be combined, and the resulting solution is based on the potential two-component combination of the individual substances. Conversely, having a single cloud point temperature ("combined cloud point") that is not related to either of the two cloud point temperatures. This can be done. Similarly, two or more non-solvent reagents may be combined with a solvent in the composition. The resulting solution has two cloud point temperatures based on the potential two-component combination of its individual substances. In contrast to the above, it may have a single cloud point temperature ("combined cloud point"). Two or more non-aqueous or Non-solvent reagents have a different cloud point temperature than any of the individual reagents in a solution containing water or a solvent. It can exhibit several common cloud points between the cloud point temperatures of two or more non-aqueous reagents. It is within the temperature range. Some normal cloud points have a common cloud point that is different for each of its individual components. It is similar to an azeotropic mixture in that its cloud point is greater than that of a two-component mixture (negative azeotropic mixture) (It can be similar to a composite.) Some common cloud spots are those that are the individual Similar to an azeotropic mixture in that its cloud point is higher than that of the two-component mixture of each component. (It can be compared to a positive azeotropic mixture.)

[0042] "Common cloud point" refers to glycols mixed with certain glycol ethers and esters. Polymers (polypropylene glycol, or PEG and PPG block copolymers) -, or PEG and PG, or PEG, polyethylene glycol ether, poly Examples include, but are not limited to, block copolymers of propylene glycol ether. This was demonstrated when using (not). Examples of glycol ethers and esters include: One or more of the following, or any combination thereof, are listed below, but are not limited to these: Diethylene glycol ether, or diethylene glycol OX ether, or di Ethylene glycol hexyl ether, or diethylene glycol monobutyl ether , or diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, or diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Xyl ether, or diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, or diethylene glycol Recall mono-N-butyl ether, or diethylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether Acetate, or diethylene glycol N-butyl ether, or diethylene glyco N-butyl ether acetate, or diethylene glycol phenyl ether, or diisobutyl ketone, or dioctyl sulfosuccinate, or dipropylene glyco Dipropyl dimethyl ether, or dipropylene glycol methyl ether, or dipropyl Dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, or dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, or dipropylene Lenylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether, or dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether Dipropylene glycol N-butyl ether, or dipropylene glycol N-propyl ether, or dipropylene glycol phenyl ether, or E o / Po block polyether, or ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, This is ethylene glycol hexyl ether, or ethylene glycol isopropyl ether. , or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or ethylene glycol monoethyl Ether, or ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, or ethylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether, or ethylene Ethylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether acetate, or ethylene glycol monopropyl acetate. Pyr ether, or ethylene glycol N-butyl ether, or ethylene glycol N-butyl ether acetate, or ethylene glycol phenyl ether, Ethylene glycol propyl ether, or glycol ether correlates, or Heptaoxyethylene dodecyl ether, or mono and diethylene glycol phenyl Ether, or natural vegetable oil polyether, or N-butylpropionate, N-pentylpropionate, or poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha -Phenyl-omega-hydroxy, or propylene glycol diacetate, or propylene glycol diacetate. Propylene glycol methyl ether, or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate ethyl, or propylene glycol monomethyl ether, or propylene glycol mo Methyl ether acetate, or propylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether, or propylene glycol mono-N-propyl ether, or propylene glycol mono Propylene ether, or propylene glycol N-butyl ether, or propylene Glycol N-propyl ether, or propylene glycol phenyl ether, This is triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or tripropylene glycol methyl Ether, or tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, or tripropylene Glycol mono-N-butyl ether, alkylphenol polyether, or branched polyether Secondary alcohol polyether.

[0043] Glycol ethers are carefully selected and suitable for glycol polymers and water. It should be specifically noted that each glycol polymer must be harmonized at the appropriate concentration. This is important. The majority of glycol ethers and the majority of glycol polymers Combining them generally does not result in compositions that share a common cloud point in water.

[0044] Glycol esters are carefully selected for their suitability with glycol polymers and water. It should be specifically noted that each glycol polymer must be harmonized at the appropriate concentration. This is important. The majority of glycol esters and the majority of glycol polymers Combining them generally does not result in compositions that share a common cloud point in water.

[0045] In some embodiments, the resulting "adjusted" liquid-liquid phase transition has advantageous properties, for example, While enabling the maintenance of a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition It may be desirable to be able to adjust the density of one or more liquid phases. For example, liquid-liquid By adjusting the density of one or more liquid phases in the phase transition composition, separation of the liquid phases can be promoted. It may be desirable in some cases. For example, separation of the liquid phase may be one or more of the following: Combinations of: heat storage, or heat transfer, or long-distance heat transfer, or temperature-independent heat storage, This involves thermal storage, extraction, or separation, or liquid phase only, in a density tank with a density gradient. This may be particularly useful when referring to refrigeration cycles, but not limited to them. Liquid phase Increasing the density difference between them can promote separation. Increasing the density difference between liquid phases, for example, in a liquid undergoing a liquid-liquid phase transition, the temperature is the cloud point temperature. When used in heat transfer applications where it overlaps with the above, the rate of convective heat transfer or the increase in heat transfer It can increase the speed of the strong attack.

[0046] For example, glycol polymers and glycol ether polymers are generally about water It has a density greater than or equal to a certain density. For example, polypropylene glycol is generally produced at 20°C. It has a density of 1 to 1.02 g / mL. For example, polyethylene glycol is generally 2 It has a density greater than 1.02 g / mL at 0°C. Polyethylene glycol has a density greater than that of water. Glycol and other glycol polymers are salts, or sugar alcohols, or other relatively Due to the limited density difference between the reagents in an aqueous solution with a high density, separation occurs. It can be difficult to layer. Polyethylene glycol has limitations in water Due to constant density differences, separation or stratification can be difficult. (Water-soluble reagents) Or most or both of the organic soluble reagents cause a liquid-liquid phase transition in the composition. It significantly reduces or actually eliminates the pitfall, thus maintaining a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. It is not possible to change the density of the liquid phase while maintaining its state.

[0047] Some embodiments use glycol polymers and glycol polymer ethers as a base. This relates to a composition for modifying or adjusting the density of a liquid-liquid phase transition solution. In some embodiments, the organic liquid phase in the liquid-liquid phase transition composition has a reduced density. A product, or a composition having increased density in the organic liquid phase within a liquid-liquid phase transition composition, or Both of the above, and / or more than 2.5 kJ / kg, or more than 5 kJ / kg, if If the levels are above 7.5 kJ / kg, or above 10 kJ / kg, or above 12.5 kJ / kg, Or more than 15kJ / kg, or more than 17.5kJ / kg, or 20kJ / kg This relates to compositions that exhibit a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, which may include but are not limited to those mentioned above. This allows the composition to exhibit a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy while reducing its density. The reagents used may be called density-reducing reagents. The composition exhibits a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. A reagent that enhances density while enabling the following can be called a density-enhancing reagent. For example, Some compositions maintain the high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy while containing water. The density of the organic phase containing the glycol polymer is reduced so that it is lower in density than the liquid phase. This is possible. For example, some compositions maintain the high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. While having a higher density than the aqueous liquid phase containing water, the glycol polymer is included The density of the phase can be increased. For example, some compositions have the aforementioned high liquid-liquid While maintaining the phase transition enthalpy, at a higher density than the organic phase containing glycol polymers As shown, the density of an aqueous liquid phase containing water can be increased. For example, several sets The resulting product contains a glycol polymer while maintaining the aforementioned high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. The density of the aqueous liquid phase containing water can be reduced so that it has a lower density than the organic phase. For example, some compositions use glycol polymers or glycol polymer ethers. Glycol polymer or glycol polymer mixed with a low-density organic reagent that is soluble in the solution It may contain a glycol polymer or a glycol ether. For example, some compositions may contain glycol polymers or glycol ethers. Glycol ether mixed with glycol ether, which is soluble in glycol polymer ether. It may contain polymers or glycol polymer ethers. For example, some compositions This specification may include, but is not limited to, compositions exhibiting the combined cloud points described herein.

[0048] Some embodiments specify a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy temperature range, or a cloud point temperature, or The present invention relates to a composition for modifying or adjusting both of the above, and / or the composition is 2 More than 0.5kJ / kg, or more than 5kJ / kg, or more than 7.5kJ / kg, or 10kJ Over / kg, or over 12.5kJ / kg, or over 15kJ / kg, or 17.5kJ Maintain a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy greater than / kg or greater than 20kJ / kg. In some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature or cloud point temperature is the temperature of the reagent in the organic liquid phase. This can be adjusted by adjusting the concentration. For example, in some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase The transition temperature or cloud point temperature is the temperature of the glycol polymer or glycol polymer ether. This can be adjusted by adjusting the relative concentration of the glycol ether. For example, in some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature or cloud point temperature is glycol poly The concentration of the ester or glycol ester of the polymer or glycol polymer ether This can be adjusted by adjusting the relative concentration. In some embodiments, the liquid - The liquid phase transition temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the concentration of the reagent in the aqueous liquid phase. For example In some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature or cloud point temperature is the same as that of glyco in the aqueous phase. This can be adjusted by adjusting the concentration of the polymer. For example, the liquid-liquid phase transition reagent is a polymer It may contain polypropylene glycol, while the aqueous phase contains polyethylene glycol. It may contain, and here the concentration of polyethylene glycol is polypropylene glycol + This affects the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, or the cloud point temperature, or both, of a solution of water. It is possible to do this. Some glycol polymers or glycol polymer ethers are other The properties of the liquid-liquid phase transition of glycol polymers can be controlled, and several glycols Glycol polymers or glycol polymer ethers differ in their cloud point between two or more liquid phases. It remains in the liquid phase. Some polypropylene glycols are used in some polyethylene glycols. Insoluble in recall and / or some polyethylene glycol or poly Ethylene glycol polymer ether has a cloud point temperature, or polypropylene glycol The temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy of a water composition can be adjusted. For example, In some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature or cloud point temperature is determined by the sugar, sugar alcohol, or geo By adjusting the concentration of ether, ester, aldehyde, or ether... It can be adjusted by, for example, maltose, or mannitol, or sucrose, or Glucose, or fructose, has shown the ability to regulate cloud point temperature. Several experiments have demonstrated this. In terms of form, the adjustment of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature is, for example, done by a separation method or membrane. The separation method can be reversible using the base. In some embodiments, the liquid-liquid separation is performed as described above. The adjustment at the phase transition temperature may be intended to remain permanently. Similar reagents, To adjust density, or to reduce viscosity, or as described herein It can be used for other purposes.

[0049] In some embodiments, the resulting "adjusted" liquid-liquid phase transition has advantageous properties, for example, While enabling the maintenance of a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition It may be desirable to be able to adjust the viscosity of one or more liquid phases. Lowering the temperature can improve heat transfer performance and thus the heat transfer coefficient. This may minimize cavity formation and prevent pumping difficulties. This can reduce energy consumption, making it more efficient or lower cost or more It may enable simple separation, or a combination thereof. Viscosity-reducing reagents are liquid - The liquid phase transition composition is able to maintain a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, While enabling the composition to maintain the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, In some cases, it is desirable to reduce the viscosity of the phase.

[0050] In some embodiments, one of the desired properties or characteristics described herein One or more or a combination of desired properties or characteristics, as disclosed herein in the composition It is sometimes desirable to achieve a certain composition or type of material simultaneously.

[0051] Low-temperature liquid-liquid phase transitions can include liquid-liquid phase transitions that can occur at relatively low temperatures. Relatively low temperatures are temperatures close to or below room temperature (for example, below 50°C). (or 40°C or below, or 35°C or below, or 30°C or below, or 25°C or below) It can be interpreted as follows. Examples of applications in a relatively low-temperature range include one or more of the following: Number or combination of the following: HVAC, cooling, heat storage, heat transfer, cooler condenser side heat exchanger Cooler evaporator side heat exchanger, liquid-liquid phase transition based cooler, liquid-liquid phase transition based air cooler Conditioner, liquid-liquid phase transition based heat pump, osmotic heat engine, forward osmosis, immersion Examples include, but are not limited to, osmotic pressure-assisted reverse osmosis and gas separation. The desired properties are: This may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following, or any combination thereof. : High phase transition enthalpy, phase transition enthalpy within a temperature range for a certain application, temperature for a certain application Large total heat capacity within a certain range, low viscosity, or reversible liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0052] High-temperature liquid-liquid phase transitions can include liquid-liquid phase transitions that can occur at relatively high temperatures. Relatively high temperatures are temperatures close to room temperature, or equal to room temperature, or temperatures at room temperature. Temperatures above 25°C or 30°C or 35°C (for example: above 25°C or above 35°C or above 35°C) ℃ or above, or 40℃ or above, or 45 o Above, or 50°C or above, or 55°C ℃ or above, or 60℃ or above, or 70℃ or above, or 80℃ or above, or 90 It can be defined as being above ℃ or above 100℃. Examples of methods include one or more of the following, or a combination of the following: HVAC, heating, District heating, heat storage, thermal transition, liquid-liquid phase transition based heat pumps, liquid-liquid phase transition based Heater, osmotic heat engine, forward osmosis, osmotic-assisted reverse osmosis, gas separation, heat supply, absorption heater Examples include, but are not limited to, heat supply for heat pumps. Desired properties include, One or more of the following, or a combination thereof: high phase transition enthalpy, a certain application Phase transition enthalpy within a temperature range, large total heat capacity within a temperature range for a certain application, low viscosity, Other examples include, but are not limited to, reversible liquid-liquid phase transitions.

[0053] Large heat capacity in the temperature range of the application(s): In liquid-liquid phase transition solutions used for heat transfer, the liquid-liquid phase transition affects the specific heat capacity. There are two properties that can be achieved: baseline specific heat capacity and specific heat capacity enhancement. The specific heat capacity of a solution includes the specific heat capacity of the solution when it has not undergone a liquid-liquid phase transition. The specific heat capacity enhancement is related to the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy within the specific temperature range in which the liquid-liquid phase transition occurs. This includes an increase in effective specific heat capacity. Specific heat capacity or total heat within a specific temperature range. Maximizing capacity involves maximizing both the baseline specific heat capacity and the specific heat capacity enhancement. They can participate in the optimization process.

[0054] Baseline specific heat capacity is important because the total heat capacity is equal to the phase transition enthalpy. This is because it is involved in the phase transition enthalpy or specific heat capacity increase. Stronger means a larger heat capacity or a larger effective ratio with respect to water (or other conventional heat transfer fluids). It is important because it is the driving force for heat capacity.

[0055] Maximizing the baseline specific heat capacity of reagents with a large baseline specific heat capacity It can be involved in maximizing the concentration of [a certain substance]. Among liquids, water is generally [a certain substance] at room temperature. It has the largest baseline specific heat capacity at a given pressure. Water-based liquids can be used. In applications, without sacrificing the phase transition enthalpy or specific heat capacity enhancement, or Maximize the concentration of water (or other liquids with a high baseline specific heat capacity) while minimizing sacrifices. Sometimes, the objective is simply to do something.

[0056] Maximizing the phase transition enthalpy is important, and the specific reagents used, and those reagents It can be involved in the concentration.

[0057] Properties of reagents and reagent concentrations - ● Utilizing a novel liquid-liquid phenomenon: This invention utilizes a larger liquid-liquid phase transition than those in the prior art. We introduce a novel liquid-liquid phenomenon that enables phase transition enthalpies of several orders of magnitude.

[0058] ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition from one multi-liquid phase to another. • In some liquid-liquid phase transitions introduced herein, multiple liquid phases transition from multiple liquid phases. Liquid-liquid phase transitions to other phases have significantly larger effective specific heat capacity and phase transition enthalpy. ru.

[0059] • In some liquid-liquid phase transitions introduced herein, multiple liquid phases transition from multiple liquid phases. A liquid-liquid phase transition is an initial liquid-liquid phase transition from a single liquid phase to multiple liquid phases within the same composition. It showed a significantly higher phase transition enthalpy than [another factor].

[0060] ○ Multi-step or multi-part liquid-liquid phase transition • Some liquid-liquid phase transitions introduced herein are a set of multiple liquid-liquid phase transitions. It occurs in a step or part. Each "step" or "part" is within a specific temperature range. It occurs within a certain temperature range and can be caused by raising or lowering the temperature over that temperature range. It can be reversed. Each “step” or “part” is during heating or cooling. These can occur continuously or sequentially. Each “step” or “part” is It can exhibit its own phase transition enthalpy. Each step or part is each liquid phase It can exhibit a specific concentration of reagents in the solution, or a ratio of reagents in each liquid phase, or even one of them. It can be involved in the formation, combination, or disappearance of multiple liquid phases.

[0061] ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition over a wider temperature range • Several liquid-liquid phase transition compositions in the present invention provide a wider temperature range for liquid-liquid phase transitions. It is optimized to have the following characteristics: In some liquid-liquid phase transitions, the total temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition Expanding the temperature range increases the total phase transition enthalpy and enhances the specific heat capacity. It has been proven that expanding the enclosure is beneficial.

[0062] ○ Dehydrated, nearly anhydrous or organic phase • In liquid-liquid phase transitions, one indicator of a high phase transition enthalpy is the final Alternatively, the low weight of water in a nearly non-aqueous phase obtained from a near-final liquid-liquid phase transition step. The concentration is expressed in percent. The final or near-final liquid-liquid phase transition step results in a decrease in effective specific heat capacity. The effective specific heat capacity is approaching the baseline specific heat capacity, or the effective specific heat It can be part of a liquid-liquid phase transition where the capacity is close to the baseline specific heat capacity. ru.

[0063] ○ Mutual phenomena and phase transition modifiers • A certain glycol ether having a liquid-liquid phase transition, a certain polymer having a liquid phase transition - Combining with this means that at the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, the cloud point temperature, or both, It results in a mutual decrease or increase. The mutual decrease or mutual increase, or both. Glycol ethers and polymers experiencing this can "depend" on each other in the liquid phase, and This can be called the combined cloud point, or the combined liquid-liquid phase transition, or both. Liquid-liquid phase transition temperature The mutual decrease in degrees has similarities to azeotropic mixtures in liquid-gas phase transitions. It is possible.

[0064] ●Example: ○PPG425 + 2-Butoxyethanol + Water: PPG at a constant ratio and concentration The combination of 425 and butoxyethanol independently affects the overall liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. The liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of each reagent in a solution containing water can be lowered by more than 5°C. can.

[0065] ○PPG2000 + Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether + Water: A certain ratio Both PPG2000 and diethylene glycol monohexyl ether at different concentrations The combinations independently determine the overall liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of each reagent in a solution containing water. Compared to the transition temperature, it can be lowered by more than 5°C. Diethylene glycol monohex The presence of ruether can function as a phase transition type modifier. The reason for this is, for example, For example, this is a transition from a multi-liquid phase to a multi-liquid phase liquid-liquid phase, to a transition from a single liquid phase to a multi-liquid phase liquid- This is because it can be converted into a liquid phase.

[0066] • Certain glycol ethers undergoing a liquid-liquid phase transition are used with certain polymers undergoing a liquid phase transition. Combining them results in a mutual increase in the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. The glycol ether and polymer that can experience the aforementioned mutual increase are "following" each other in the liquid phase. It can "move". Mutual increase at the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature is in the liquid-gas phase transition. It can exhibit similarity to azeotropic mixtures.

[0067] ●Example: ○2-Butoxyethanol + polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether + water. During the liquid-liquid phase transition to a multi-liquid mixture, the concentration of the reagent changes. And depending on the ratio, it can be “dependent” on 2-butoxyethanol. Glycol dimethyl ether is a lower concentration of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether. This can significantly increase the phase transition temperature of 2-butoxyethanol. Advantageously, the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether is 2-butoxyethanol It is significantly larger than that of water, and therefore polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether The concentration is adjusted using membrane-based methods or other means to facilitate a phase transition temperature. Adjustment is possible. Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether is as follows: One or more of the following, or a combination of the following: 250g / mol or 500g / mol, This may include, but is not limited to, molecules that rotate, are equal to, or exceed a certain molecular weight. It can exist.

[0068] ○2-Butoxyethanol + polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether + water. Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition to a multi-liquid mixture, and the reagent... Depending on the concentration and ratio, it can be "dependent" on 2-butoxyethanol. Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether is a small amount of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether. It is possible to significantly increase the phase transition temperature of 2-butoxyethanol with increasing concentration. Yes, it is possible. Advantageously, the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether is 2-butoxy It is significantly larger than that of ethanol and water, and therefore polyethylene glycol monomethyl The ether concentration is adjusted using a membrane-based method, enabling an easy liquid-liquid phase transition. Temperature control can be made possible. Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether is One or more of the following, or any combination thereof: 350g / mol or 550g / mol A diverse range of molecules that may include, but are not limited to, those that are below, equal to, or greater than [a certain value]. It can exist in quantity.

[0069] • Narrowing the temperature range for liquid-liquid phase transition: Combine a certain reagent with a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent. Combining these can narrow the temperature range for liquid-liquid phase transitions. For example, diethylene Glycol monohexyl ether, when combined with PPG2000 in water, - The liquid phase transition temperature range can be narrowed.

[0070] • In one temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition, or at the end of the liquid-liquid phase transition, Modifying a multi-liquid phase into a multi-liquid phase liquid-liquid transition so that it has a liquid-phase combined solution: certain trials Combining a drug with a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent means that a multi-liquid phase undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition. It is possible to have a temperature range in which a single liquid-phase combination solution can be formed. For example, when 2-butoxyethanol is added to PPG1000+ water, a phase transition occurs. At temperatures below the transfer enthalpy temperature, or near the low temperature range, or in a liquid-liquid mixture. At the initiation of the phase transition, a single liquid-phase combination solution can be made possible. For example, die Teylene glycol hexyl ether is used in PPG1000 + water, or PPG1200 + water. When added to PPG2000+water, a single liquid-phase combination solution undergoes a phase transition entramide. At temperatures below the temperature of the rupee, or near the low temperature range, or during a liquid-liquid phase transition This makes it possible to form it at the starting point.

[0071] ·Viscosity reduction: ● The viscosity of a mostly organic or mostly non-aqueous liquid phase is, for example, lower viscosity "driven This can be reduced by introducing a reagent. For example, diethylene glycol monohex Increasing the concentration of sil ether can, for example, result in water exceeding the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of the composition. In the composition, PPG1000, or PPG1200, or PPG2000, These can reduce the viscosity of organic liquid phases containing combinations of them. For example, propyl carbonate Increasing the concentration of Len means using PPG1000, or PPG1200, or PPG20 The viscosity of organic liquid phases containing 00, or combinations thereof, can be reduced. Furthermore, Increasing the concentration of propylene carbonate, for example, can cause water to exceed the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of the composition. In the composition, PPG1000, or PPG1200, or PPG2000, Alternatively, the density of the organic liquid phase containing combinations of these can be increased.

[0072] • To broaden the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range: a wider or greater temperature range for liquid-liquid phase transitions. Phase transitions can be advantageous because they have a larger phase transition enthalpy. This is because it is possible. Liquid-liquid phase transitions over a wider or higher temperature range can be advantageous. The reason is that, as their applications change, they can be processed without adjusting the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, This is because it allows for a wider range of applicable temperatures with less necessity.

[0073] • To match or nearly match the temperature range required for the application, Adjusting the overall phase transition temperature or phase transition temperature range. ●Minimum liquid-liquid phase transition after separation- ○In some applications, the liquid-liquid phase transition is minimized after the liquid phase of the constituent elements is separated. There are cases where this is preferable.

[0074] For example, if a solution undergoes an LCST liquid-liquid phase transition followed by an LCST liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range If the two liquid phases are separated into two non-contact phases, the two liquid phases will be separated into two non-contact phases. It may be desirable to have the liquid phases not in contact with each other and to lower the LCST temperature. When they rotate and are cooled separately, the non-contact separated liquid phases undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition, or In some cases, it is desirable to avoid or minimize the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition. Examples of applications due to this property include liquid-phase-only refrigeration cycles, long-term heat storage, or district heating. Alternatively, heat transport, osmotic power generation, osmotic methods, positive osmosis, or absorption refrigeration This may include, but is not limited to, cycles or refrigeration cycles.

[0075] One or more of the above unique properties, or a combination of the above unique properties Examples of liquid-liquid phase transition compositions having a certain concentration may be described herein. The above properties can be exhibited at certain degrees, compositions, or conditions. Examples of chemical substances are among the following: One or more of the following, or any combination of the following: PPG1000, PPG1200, PPG20 00, PPG2700, water, polypropylene glycol, PEG-PPG-PEG polymer - PEG-Ran-PG polymer, PPG-PEG-PPG polymer, polyethylene Recall dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, 2-butoxy Ethanol, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, propylene glycol propylene Glycol ethers, various glycol ethers, propylene carbonate, glycerol, propylene Recall, various glycols, various glycol polymers, various glycol ethers The rimer may include other reagents described herein, or phase transition modifiers, but they This is not limited to the following. The following are some liquid-liquid phase transitions at a certain concentration, composition, or conditions. These are specific examples of sexual compositions and their novel, potentially advantageous properties.

[0076] [Table 1]

[0077] Table 1 shows the results for PPG2000 and deionized water at various wt% concentrations of PPG2000. This shows the total effective specific heat capacity of the solution contained within. Table 1 shows various temperatures within the temperature range of 7 to 14°C. This shows the average total effective specific heat capacity over a certain temperature range. The shaded cells in the table above represent 6.35 J / g°C. It has the above effective specific heat capacity.

[0078] [Table 2]

[0079] Summary of Tables 1 and 2: Tables 1 and 2 show the wt% concentrations of various PPG2000. The effective specific heat capacity of a solution containing PPG2000 and deionized water is shown. Measurements were taken using an in-house built digital mixed calorimeter. Table 1 shows the results for temperatures between 7 and 14°C. This shows the average total effective specific heat capacity over a wide range of temperatures within the specified temperature range. Table 2 is for 10–16°C. This shows the average total effective specific heat capacity over a wide range of temperatures within the specified temperature range. (Shaded cells) It has an effective specific heat capacity of more than 6.35 J / g℃. In Table 2, all cells are shaded. The reason is that all the data in Table 2 have an effective specific heat capacity of 6.35 J / g℃ or higher. This is because a PPG2000 solution with a concentration of 17.31-28.85 wt% The effective specific heat capacity is generally larger in the temperature range of 10-16°C than in the temperature range of 7-10°C. Lower PPG 2000 wt% concentration, 17.31 wt% and 19.23 wt% The solutions are in the temperature ranges of 13-16°C and 12-15°C, respectively, and It has a peak effective specific heat capacity. A larger PPG 2000 wt% concentration (23.08 wt) Solutions of t%, 25wt%, and 26.8wt% show greater [results] at 12-14°C. Alternatively, it has the effective specific heat capacity of the peak. 25 wt% and 26.8 wt% solutions are 7-1 It has an effective specific heat capacity of over 6.35 J / g°C over a temperature range of 6°C. The solutions with the largest total heat capacity over the specified range are the 25 wt% and 26.8 wt% solutions. be.

[0080] [Table 3]

[0081] Summary of Table 3: Table 3 shows the contents of PPG1000, PPG1200 and PPG2000. This shows the effective specific heat capacity of the solution. The molecular weight of each PPG (1000, 1200, and 2000) is also shown. The values ​​were different at a 25 wt% concentration in deionized water. Specific heat capacity was constructed in-house. Measurements were taken using a digital mixed calorimeter. Table 3 shows various results within the temperature range of 12-20°C. The average total effective specific heat capacity of those solutions over the temperature range is shown. Shaded cells in Table 3. It has an effective specific heat capacity of over 5.80 J / g°C. As shown in Table 3, 25 wt% PPG Water 2000+ has a phase transition enthalpy mainly below 16°C. As shown in Table 3, 25 wt% PPG1200 + water has a phase transition enthalpy mainly below 20°C, and It has a phase transition peak enthalpy at about 15 - 16 °C. As shown in Table 3, 25w t% PPG1000 + water mainly has a phase transition enthalpy above 17 °C and has a phase transition peak enthalpy at about 18 - 19 °C. At a concentration of 25 wt%, the phase transition temperature, or the temperature of the phase transition enthalpy, increases as the molecular weight decreases. The total phase transition enthalpy is larger for PPG2000 than that of PPG1200, and the phase transition enthalpy of P PG1200 is larger than that of PPG1000. Advantageously, the temperature range of the phase transition enthalpy or the specific heat capacity enhancement of the compositions in Tables 1, 2 and 3 is within the complete temperature range of the cooling water in most cooling water applications, which can include, but is not limited to, heat transfer, or as a coolant, or for heat storage, or combinations thereof.

[0082] The phase transition enthalpy occurring over a wide temperature range The literature / prior art generally regards the liquid - liquid phase transition as having a phase transition at a specific temperature, which is true for the 2 - 3 liquid - liquid phase transitions having those phase transition enthalpies studied in the literature / prior art. However, the new phenomenon introduced herein does not occur only at a specific temperature, but one or more or a combination of the following: 1 K temperature range, or 2 K temperature range, or 3 o K temperature range, or 4 o K temperature range, or 5 o K temperature range including, or 4 o K temperature range, or 5 o K temperature range, or 6 o K temperature range including, or 7 o K temperature range, which may exceed, or be below, or equal to it​ involved in liquid-liquid phase transitions occurring over a wider temperature range, including but not limited to those. Advantageously, the liquid-liquid phase transition occurring over a wider temperature range can enable a higher phase transition enthalpy peak and / or enhanced specific heat capacity. Advantageously, the liquid-liquid phase transition occurring over a wider temperature range can be applicable over a wider temperature application range without the need for phase transition temperature adjustment.

[0083] Reversible liquid-liquid phase transition: It may be desirable for the liquid-liquid phase transition to be reversible or completely reversible. Further, it may be desirable for the liquid-liquid phase transition to be relatively spontaneously reversible, which can mean that it undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition within a specific temperature range while heating, and undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition within the same specific temperature range or near the same specific temperature range while cooling. Further, it may be desirable for the amplitude or scale of the phase transition enthalpy during heating to be the same or almost the same as the phase transition enthalpy during cooling. Further, it may be desirable for the heat released or absorbed during the liquid-liquid phase transition while heating to be the same as the heat released or absorbed during the liquid-liquid phase transition while cooling.

[0084] Furthermore, it may be desirable for the phase transition enthalpy to remain the same or almost the same during multiple continuous heating and cooling cycles. The multiple heating and cooling cycles are more than 2 cycles, or more than 5 cycles, or more than 10 cycles, or more than 25 cycles, or more than 50 cycles, or more than 100 cycles, or more than 250 cycles, or ​Over 500 cycles, or over 1000 cycles, or 2500 cycles Over, or over 5000 cycles, or over 10000 cycles, or 25000 cycles Over 50,000 cycles, or over 100,000 cycles, or 25,000 Includes more than 0 cycles, or more than 500,000 cycles, or more than 1,000,000 cycles. It is possible.

[0085] Physical phase transition. A physical phenomenon. Completely reversible and spontaneously occurring within the temperature range of the phase transition. Inverse. May include multiple continuous liquid-liquid phase transitions. It can contain. Mixing may be necessary. The phase transition enthalpy is preferably complete. It can be completely reversible.

[0086] High-temperature composition (the first of two types) A high-temperature phase transition can be considered "high temperature" in relation to the temperature range of a liquid-liquid phase transition. This occurs in a solution containing polymers and freshwater. The temperature range for the high-temperature phase transition is specified herein. It may be stated. The temperature range for high-temperature phase transitions is above 0°C, or above 5°C, or above 10°C. It can be involved in temperatures above 15°C, or above 20°C, or above 25°C, and in context Alternatively, depending on the application, it can overlap with the definition of a low-temperature phase transition.

[0087] Examples of reagents for "high-temperature" liquid-liquid phase transitions include PEG-Ran-PG and PPG-PEG. - May contain, but is not limited to, PPG and PEG-PPG-PEG block polymers. I can't.

[0088] [Table 4]

[0089] Block glycol polymer reagents exhibit a rich liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range in aqueous solutions. This can be achieved. The phase transition temperature and properties of the block glycol polymer alone can be adjusted based on the relative amounts of PEG or PG or PPG in the polymer, or the molecular weight of the polymer, or the type of functional groups or reactive functional groups in the polymer, or combinations thereof. Or reversed. For example, based on experiments using a mixed calorimeter built in-house, the polymers shown in Table 4 have a diverse liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range of about 5 °C to about 65 °C when present in fresh water at a concentration of 20 wt%. Based on experiments using a mixed calorimeter built in-house, the phase transition enthalpies of some block glycol polymers in aqueous solutions are greater than 10 kJ / kg when in the concentration range of 13 - 40 wt%. Based on experiments using a mixed calorimeter built in-house, the phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity enhancement increase as the molecular weight of the polymer increases.

[0090] Block glycol polymers are generally viscous. In liquid-liquid phase transitions, most of the liquid phase of block glycol polymers generally contains a low concentration of water that can result in a high viscosity of most of the liquid phase of the block glycol polymer. This high viscosity can be a problem in applications that require pumping, moving, or separating most of the liquid phase of the block glycol polymer. "Passive reagents" or "phase transition modifiers", for example, include reducing the viscosity of the organic liquid phase, adjusting the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or improving other liquid-liquid phase transition properties as described in this specification, but are not limited thereto. It may be used for purposes that are not specified. The “dependent reagents” introduced herein or The presence of certain esters and / or glycol ethers as "phase transition modifiers" To reduce the viscosity of the organic liquid phase, or to improve the properties of liquid-liquid phase separation, or to improve the phase transition entratic To increase the rupee, or to function as a method for adjusting the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or for other beneficial purposes. It was found that these properties are conferred, or are combinations thereof.

[0091] High-temperature composition (the second of two types) Polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol ethers are high temperature It can be soluble in freshwater and / or undergo a high-temperature liquid-liquid phase transition. It can be used as a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent. For example, polyethylene glycol of various molecular weights. Dimethyl ether and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether of various molecular weights It can exhibit a high liquid-liquid phase transition temperature and a high phase transition enthalpy. For example, In a solution containing only freshwater, this organic substance is one or more of the following or the following Combinations: 70°C, or 80°C, or 90°C, or 100°C, or 110°C. This can be 120°C, or 130°C, or 140°C, or 150°C, or a combination thereof. It is possible to have an ultra-high temperature liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range having the above liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range. It can be done. The enthalpy of the mixture of glycol polymer ethers or liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy Rupees can be substantial. For example, based on adiabatic temperature changes and heat measurement, polyethylene Teylene glycol dimethyl ether and / or polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether The phase transition enthalpy of -tel is one or more of the following or a combination of the following: 5 kJ / kg total solution, or 10kJ / kg total solution, or 15kJ / kg total solution Liquid, or a total solution of 20 kJ / kg, or a total solution of 25 kJ / kg, or 30 kJ / kg total solution, or 35kJ / kg total solution, or 40kJ / kg total solution Liquid, or a total solution of 45 kJ / kg, or a total solution of 50 kJ / kg, or 55 kJ / kg total solution, or 60kJ / kg total solution, or 65kJ / kg total solution Liquid, or a total solution of 70 kJ / kg, or a total solution of 75 kJ / kg, or 80 kJ / kg total solution, or 85kJ / kg total solution, or 90kJ / kg total solution A liquid, or a total solution of 95 kJ / kg, or a total solution of 100 kJ / kg or more. That's good too.

[0092] In some solutions, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, for example, PEGDME 250 or 500, and / or polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, e.g. For example, PEGMME350 has a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature that exceeds the boiling point of aqueous solutions at standard pressure. It can have a range. Lowering the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature for various reasons. This may be desirable because, under standard pressure conditions, the liquid-liquid phase transition occurs at the boiling point of the liquid composition. Ensure that it occurs at temperatures below and / or at low temperatures, and / or heat transfer or heat This may include, but is not limited to, enabling storage uses.

[0093] A "dependent reagent" or liquid-liquid phase transition modifier is added to this composition, for example, as follows: One or more of the following, or a combination thereof: liquid-liquid phase transition temperature adjustment, and / or main This includes the properties of more preferred liquid-liquid phase transitions as described in the details, and / or combinations thereof. However, it is possible to make it possible to do so without being limited to those things.

[0094] For example, ether can be used as a driven reagent and / or a liquid-liquid phase transition modifier. For example, ether glycol polymers, such as polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether The liquid-liquid phase transition properties of tel and polypropylene glycol monomethyl ether are 2 -Can be significantly altered by the presence of butoxyethanol. 2-Butoxyethanol is This includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following methods or combinations thereof. Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether (PEGDME) and / or poly The properties of propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PEGMME) can be modified. ru:

[0095] ●Depending on the relative concentration of the reagents and water in the components, PEGDME and / or PEG At least a portion of MME undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition to a multi-liquid mixture, with 2-butoxye It can be "driven" by tanol and has a mostly organic liquid phase and a mostly watery liquid phase. It can be formed.

[0096] ● PEGDME and / or PEGMME in aqueous solution, 2-butoxyethanol The ratio to can have a significant effect on the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range of the solution. 2-B The relative concentration of toxyethanol to PEGDME and / or PEGMME is The higher the value, the lower the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of the solution. The liquid-liquid phase transition temperature is 2-butoxyethanol Adjust the concentration of PEGDME and / or PEGMME It can be arranged.

[0097] ● PEGDME and / or PEGMME in aqueous solution, 2-butoxyethanol The ratio to is necessary to "salt out" at least a portion of the organic liquid phase, or to reach the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. This significantly affects the concentration of the salt or "salting-out" reagent required to adjust the degree. This can be achieved. The higher the relative concentration of 2-butoxyethanol, the more likely it is to result in a multi-phase mixture or "salting out". This is necessary for "salting out" organic matter into the organic liquid phase, or for lowering the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. The concentration of the "salting-out" reagent or phase transition temperature adjustment reagent required to achieve this is low.

[0098] ● PEGDME and / or PEGMME in aqueous solution, 2-butoxyethanol The ratio to is obtained from liquid-liquid phase transitions or "salting out" or a combination thereof. In the liquid phase of an organic substance, it can have a significant effect on the concentration of water. 2-Butoxyethanol The higher the concentration relative to PEGDME and / or PEGMME, the higher the concentration. Generally, liquids obtained from liquid-liquid phase transitions, "salting-out," or combinations thereof are mostly organic. The water concentration in the phase is low.

[0099] ●2-Butoxyethanol can reduce the density of the organic liquid phase, and / or This can reduce the viscosity of the organic liquid phase, and / or a combination thereof.

[0100] Similarly, PEGDME and / or PEGMME are solutions of 2-butoxyethanol. -This can have a significant effect on the properties of the liquid phase transition. For example, 30 wt% 2-butoxy Ethanol, when in a solution of 70 wt% fresh water, is in a liquid-liquid phase within a temperature range of ~45°C. It can have a transition temperature range. 30 wt% 2-butoxyethanol, 5 wt% P In a solution containing EGDME500 and 65 wt% fresh water, the temperature of the liquid-liquid phase transition is ~ It is in the temperature range of 73℃.

[0101] Alternatively or additionally, water and polyol ether polymers, such as PEGDME. The liquid-liquid phase transition properties of PEGMME are related to "salting out" reagents or phase transition temperature adjustment reagents. Therefore, it can be significantly affected. For example, salting-out reagents or phase transition temperature adjustment reagents are affected in water. Recognizable solubility, and minimal or limited solubility in liquid-liquid phase transition organic reagents It may include, but is not limited to, salts and / or organic reagents, which may be soluble or insoluble. It is not possible. For example, due to the strong solubility of polyol ether polymers in water, "salting out" Alternatively, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature can be adjusted using highly soluble reagents or reagents with strong ionic forces. Medicines, or in the Hofmeister lineage, may require high levels of salt, or combinations thereof. For example, in some compositions, ammonium, potassium, sodium, fluorine salts, sulfur Acid salts, carbonates, sulfites, phosphates, or combinations thereof can be used to adjust the phase transition temperature or To achieve "salting out," a lower concentration or osmotic pressure is required compared to other reagents. This was made clear. For example, in some compositions, dextrin is an effective "salting-out" reagent. It has been proven to be a phase transition temperature adjustment reagent. For example, dextrin or sucrose , or mannitol, or maltose, or fructose, and / or Various sugar derivatives or maltodextrin or sugar analogs or sugar substitutes or Sugar alcohols or polyols also provide effective phase transition temperature adjustment in some compositions. It was explicitly stated that it was a "salting-out" reagent.

[0102] The concentration of organic matter in the liquid phase, which is mostly organic, depends on the desired "salting-out" reagent or phase transition temperature adjustment reagent. Another important attribute in drug selection. For example, controlling the phase transition temperature and / or In order to utilize sodium chloride in "salting out," significantly higher concentrations or osmotic pressures are required. It may be needed more than some other salts. However, sodium chloride is liquid -When a liquid phase transition actually occurs, the concentration of organic matter in the liquid phase is higher, and / or may, but is not limited to, a higher concentration of water in the liquid phase of water. It can possess several desired properties.

[0103] Liquid-liquid separation enhancement reagent Abstract: This embodiment enhances the liquid-liquid separation of the liquid phase of the constituent elements in a liquid-liquid phase transition. This embodiment can relate to the speed and / or completeness of liquid-liquid separation. Composition or properties or combination thereof to enhance the separation of liquids and / or liquids. It can be involved in the process. The rate of liquid-liquid phase separation is such that a multi-liquid-phase mixture separates into separate liquid layers or Involves the time required to separate the constituent liquid phases into separate, stratified liquid layers. It is possible. The integrity of liquid-liquid separation is determined by the presence of different liquid phases in the liquid phase after liquid-liquid separation. It can be involved in the concentration of the reagent. Separation in liquid-liquid separation can affect the concentration of undesirable reagents in each liquid layer. Compared to degrees, it can influence the desired concentration of reagents in the liquid layer.

[0104] Enhancing liquid-liquid separation can be related to the enhancement properties of liquid-liquid separation. The properties related to liquid-liquid separation include density, viscosity, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, and the attractive force of the liquid itself. This may include, but is not limited to, a combination thereof.

[0105] Any enhancement of the liquid-liquid separation properties is desirable to minimize the decrease in the phase transition enthalpy. There are cases where this is not possible. Alternatively or additionally, any enhancement of the liquid-liquid separation properties may occur during a phase transition. In some cases, it is desirable to improve the properties of talpy or phase transition enthalpy.

[0106] A layer or liquid phase of higher density that is mostly organic or non-aqueous - in some embodiments The liquid phase that is mostly organic or non-aqueous is higher than the liquid phase that is mostly aqueous or mostly solvent. It is sometimes desirable to have a high density. Most reagents that increase the density of the liquid phase are organic. The organic phase may contain water or a reagent having a density higher than that of a liquid phase of almost water. It may be known as a density-enhancing reagent. Organic phase density-enhancing reagents are mostly organic in the liquid phase of organic reagents. One or more of the drugs have a greater affinity than in the liquid phase of water. It is sometimes desirable that the reagent be soluble. The organic phase density enhancing reagent may contain a driven reagent. There are cases where this is preferable.

[0107] A lower density, mostly organic or non-aqueous layer or liquid phase—in some embodiments The liquid phase that is mostly organic or non-aqueous is lower than the liquid phase that is mostly aqueous or mostly solvent. It is sometimes desirable to have a low density. Reagents that reduce the density of the mostly organic liquid phase. It may contain water or a reagent having a density lower than that of a liquid phase of almost water, and is organic It may be known as a phase density reduction reagent. Organic phase density reduction reagents are mostly organic in the liquid phase. One or more of the reagents exhibit a greater affinity than in the liquid phase of water. Alternatively, solubility may be desirable. The organic phase density reduction reagent contains a driven reagent. In some cases, this is desirable.

[0108] A layer or liquid phase of mostly water with a higher density - in some embodiments, a liquid of mostly water In some cases, it is desirable that the phase has a higher density than the mostly organic or non-aqueous liquid phase. Reagents that increase the density of a liquid phase of almost water have a higher density than liquid phases of almost organic matter. It may contain reagents that enhance the liquid phase density of water, and is known almost entirely as such. The water-liquid phase density-enhancing reagent is mostly in the water-liquid phase, and the organic reagent is mostly in the organic-liquid phase. It is desirable that it has greater affinity or solubility than one or more of the other types. In some cases, it is desirable that the liquid phase density enhancing reagent for most water also contains a driven reagent. ru.

[0109] A layer or liquid phase of almost water with a lower density - in some embodiments, a liquid of almost water In some cases, it is desirable that the phase has a lower density than the mostly organic or non-aqueous liquid phase. Reagents that reduce the density of a liquid phase of almost water will reduce the density of a liquid phase of almost organic matter to a lower density. It may contain reagents and is known as a reagent that reduces the liquid phase density of water. The reagent that reduces the liquid phase density of water is mostly water, and mostly organic in the liquid phase. It is desirable to have greater affinity or solubility than one or more of the reagents. In some cases, it is desirable that the reagent for reducing the liquid phase density of water contains a driven reagent. There is a match.

[0110] Glycol ether (see example below): Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether - Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether Tel can function as an organic liquid phase density reducing reagent and / or a driven reagent. For example, along with diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, it acts as an organic liquid phase density reducing reagent. High-enthalpy reagents of phase-transition organic liquid phases that can function as and / or driven reagents are, One or more of the following, or any combination of the following: PPG, PPG1000, PPG1 200, PPG2000, PPG3000, PPG-PEG-PPG, PEG-PPG- It may contain PEG, glycol polymers or polyols, or combinations thereof, but These are not the only examples. Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether also reduces viscosity. It can also function to increase hydrophobicity. Furthermore, diethyleneglycerides Coal monohexyl ether is a liquid-liquid phase transition composition that is always present in a multi-liquid phase state. This converts the solution into one that has a single liquid-phase combination solution state below the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range. Furthermore, 2-diethylene glycol monohexyl ether has a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. Organic reagents that do not have a temperature range can be converted into reagents that have a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. Organic reagents that cannot undergo the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition have low solubility in water and / or in water. This includes low affinity, or strong solubility in water and / or strong affinity to water, Because it is not limited to those, it may not have a liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0111] 2-Butoxyethanol-2-Butoxyethanol is an organic liquid phase density reduction reagent and / Alternatively, it can function as a driven reagent. For example, together with 2-butoxyethano Phase transition organic liquid phase in which the agent can function as an organic liquid phase density reduction reagent and / or a driven reagent. The high-enthalpy reagents are one or more of the following or a combination of the following: PPG PEG, PEGDME, PEGMME, glycol ether, PPG-PEG-PPG PEG-PPG-PEG, glycol polymers, or polyols, or combinations thereof This may include, but is not limited to, 2-butoxyethanol, which also reduces viscosity. It can also function to lower the temperature and increase hydrophobicity. Furthermore, 2-butoki Cethanol is a liquid-liquid phase transition composition that is always present in a multi-liquid phase state, and it undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition. It can be converted into a solution that has a single liquid-phase combination solution state below the temperature range. Furthermore, 2-butoxyethanol can be used to convert organic reagents that do not have a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range into liquid- It can be converted into a reagent having a liquid phase transition temperature. The reagents have low solubility in water and / or low affinity for water, or strong affinity for water. This is due to solubility and / or a strong affinity for water, but is not limited to these properties. Therefore, it cannot undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0112] Propylene glycol n-propyl ether - Propylene glycol n-propyl ether Tel can function as an organic liquid phase density reducing reagent and / or a driven reagent. For example, along with it, propylene glycol n-propyl ether is an organic liquid phase density reducing reagent. High-enthalpy reagents of phase-transition organic liquid phases that can function as and / or driven reagents are, One or more of the following, or any combination of the following: PPG, PEG, PEGDME, P EGMME, glycol ether, PPG-PEG-PPG, PEG-PPG-PEG, It may include glycol polymers, polyols, or combinations thereof, but contains Not limited to. 2-propylene glycol n-propyl ether also reduces viscosity. It can also function in such a way as to increase hydrophobicity. Furthermore, propylene glycol n-propyl ether is a liquid-liquid phase transition composition that is always present in a multi-liquid phase state. - It is possible to convert the solution into a single liquid-phase combination solution state below the liquid-phase transition temperature range. Yes, it is possible. Furthermore, propylene glycol n-propyl ether has a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range. Organic reagents that do not possess a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature can be converted into reagents that do possess a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. Organic reagents that cannot undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition have low solubility in water and / or low solubility in water. This includes affinity, or strong solubility in water and / or strong affinity to water, but Because it is not limited to these, it may not have a liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0113] Esters (examples given below): Propylene carbonate - Propylene carbonate is used as an organic liquid phase density increasing reagent or viscosity reducing reagent, This includes a phase transition temperature adjustment reagent, or a driven reagent, or a combination thereof. It may contain reagents that are not limited to those listed above. Properties of propylene carbonate in liquid-liquid phase transition compositions. This refers to one or more of the following or a combination of the following: in some liquid-liquid phase transitions It is a reagent that is driven by the organic liquid phase ("driven reagent"), or it reduces the viscosity of the organic liquid phase, or To increase density relative to water, or to minimize the effect on the phase transition enthalpy at low concentrations. While doing so, adjust the properties, reduce the phase transition temperature range, or have within a narrow temperature range. This may include, but is not limited to, those that increase the effective specific heat capacity. Propylene carbonate has It can function as a liquid-phase density reducing reagent and / or a driven reagent, among the following: One or more types or the following combinations: PPG, PPG1000, PPG1200, PP G2000, PPG3000, PPG-PEG-PPG, PEG-PPG-PEG, GRI This may include, but is not limited to, chol polymers, polyols, or combinations thereof. It will not be done.

[0114] Glycerol - Glycerol is one or more of the following or a combination of the following: In some liquid-liquid phase transition solutions, it is water-dependent or increases the density of the aqueous liquid phase, This adjusts the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or reduces the solubility of the organic liquid phase, or the organic liquid phase This includes increasing the solubility of, or lowering the freezing point of, or raising the boiling point of, but for It may contain reagents that are not limited to those mentioned above. For example, glycerol in aqueous solution can cause "salting out". It is possible to adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of PPG.

[0115] Polyethylene glycol - several types of polyethylene glycol, for example, 1 per mole PEGs having a molecular weight of less than 000 grams are one or more of the following: Combinations of: water-dependent in some liquid-liquid phase transition solutions, or increasing the density of the aqueous liquid phase To adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or to reduce the solubility of the organic liquid phase, It includes, but is not limited to, reagents that increase the solubility of the organic liquid phase. For example, PEG in an aqueous solution can "salt out" in an aqueous solution, or P This can lower the phase transition temperature of PG.

[0116] Propylene glycol or ethylene glycol - propylene glycol or ethylene Glycols are one or more of the following or a combination of the following: several liquids - liquids In a phase transition solution, it is water-dependent, or increases the density of the aqueous phase, or the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature To adjust the degree, or to decrease the solubility of the organic liquid phase, or to increase the solubility of the organic liquid phase Experiments that include, but are not limited to, methods that reduce the freezing point or raise the boiling point. It can contain drugs. For example, propylene glycol or ethylene glycol can contain water. When in solution, it can be soluble or increase the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of PEG.

[0117] Polyols, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar substitutes, or derivatives thereof or combinations thereof The combination is one or more of the following, or a combination of the following: several liquid-liquid phase transition solutions To be water-dependent in a liquid, increase the density of the aqueous phase, or adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. To do so, or to reduce the solubility of the organic liquid phase, or to increase the solubility of the organic liquid phase, This includes, but is not limited to, reagents that lower the freezing point or raise the boiling point. It is possible. For example, dextrin or maltotodextrin or both In these aqueous solutions, PPG, or glycol ether, or PEG, or the same Derivatives, or combinations thereof, are "salted out" or their phase transition temperature is lowered.

[0118] Salt - Some salts are one or more of the following or a combination of the following: some liquids - In a liquid-phase transition solution, it is dependent on water, or increases the density of the aqueous liquid phase, or undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition. Adjust the transfer temperature, or reduce the solubility of the organic liquid phase, or increase the solubility of the organic liquid phase. This includes, but is not limited to, increasing, lowering the freezing point, or raising the boiling point. It can function as a reagent.

[0119] Phase transition modifier - A phase transition modifier is one or more attributes or properties of a liquid-liquid phase transition solution. It is a reagent that can be adjusted or modified. Examples may include "dependent reagents," but it is not a reagent that can be adjusted or modified. Not limited to. A driven reagent is a reagent that is mostly organic and driven by the liquid phase in a liquid-liquid phase transition. , or may include reagents that are mostly watery or aqueous in the liquid-liquid phase transition. However, it is not limited to those.

[0120] Note: Certain glycol ethers are compatible with certain liquid-liquid phase transition reagents. Yes, it is possible. For example, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether is PPG2000 and "driven It can exhibit the "sexual reagent" phenomenon, while 2-butoxyethanol is PPG2000 It can be insoluble in water, or it can have a higher affinity for water than PPG2000. This is possible. For example, 2-butoxyethanol is "dependent" with PEGDME or PEGMME. It exhibits the "sexual reagent" phenomenon, while PPG2000 is PEGDME or PEGMMME. It can be relatively insoluble, and PPG425 is PEGDME or PEGMME. It can be soluble.

[0121] Examples of the properties of driven reagents using specific examples of driven reagents Examples of properties of diethylene glycol monohexyl ether as a liquid-liquid phase transition modifier are , one or more of the following or any combination of the following: ●The liquid-liquid phase transition of PPG2000 and water is described as a liquid-liquid phase transition from a multi-liquid phase to a multi-liquid phase. , converts to a liquid-liquid phase transition from a multi-liquid phase to a single liquid phase. ● Reduces the density of the organic layer, leading to simpler or faster liquid-liquid separation from the water-based layer. Making it possible ● Narrow temperature range (e.g., 7 o Increase the specific heat capacity in the temperature range below K. ● Narrow the temperature range of the phase transition enthalpy. ●As the weight % concentration of DEH relative to PPG2000 increases, the total phase transition enthalpy It can reduce ● Compatible with PPG2000 ● Reduces the interphase transition temperature when combined with PPG2000 in water. ● Reduce the viscosity of the organic layer. ● The liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of the liquid-liquid phase transition reagent can be lowered or raised. They can, or they can mutually suppress each other, or a combination thereof. This may include, but is not limited to, those listed above.

[0122] 2-Butoxyethanol- ● Adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of several compositions. For example, a certain reagent undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition. It is possible to have a transition range and / or a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range for some reagents. The surrounding area can be reduced. For example, 2-butoxyethanol can be used with PEGDME or The liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of PEGMME or both can be reduced. For example, 2-Butoxyethanol is a certain reagent, and the said certain reagent is 2-butoxyethanol. Even in cases where a liquid-liquid phase transition cannot occur, it is possible to make a liquid-liquid phase transition possible. The aforementioned reagent may contain several ethers or glycol ethers, however Not limited to this. ● Reduce viscosity ● Reduce density ● A liquid-liquid phase transition is a state in which a single liquid phase is present in a combined solution under certain temperature conditions. Make it possible ● The liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of the liquid-liquid phase transition reagent can be lowered or raised. They can, or can mutually suppress each other, or a combination thereof. For example, 2 -Butoxyethanol and PPG425.

[0123] Stabilizers and inhibitors reagent: ●Compatibility: The reagents must be chemically compatible to prevent harmful reagents or degradation. This can be important in some cases. ● Stabilizers, degradation inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors: Stabilizers or degradation inhibitors known in the art. , or corrosion inhibitors, or methods for such agents known in the art, but they Not limited to, however, reagents include oxygen scavengers, free radical inhibitors, free radical absorbers, pH buffering agents, antioxidants, metal ion chelating agents, UV stabilizers, basic reagents, acidic reagents, free - May include, but is not limited to, radical control agents, biocides, or combinations thereof. stomach.

[0124] ○The stabilizer reagents are one or more of the following, or a combination of the following: butylated hydroxyl Toluene (BHT), phosphite esters, esters, sulfites, nitriles, bisulfites, Metabisulfite, silicate, siloxane, storage alkalinity, organosiloxane, organic phosphate Suphonate, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, preservative, polymer stabilizer, pro-gallate Pyr (PG, E310), tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxy Anisole (BHA, E320), N,N'-di-2-butyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Mine, N,N'-di-2-butyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, 2,6-di-tert -butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol Active antioxidant, active free radical inhibitor, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butyl Phenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di- tert-butylphenol, iron(II) salt, copper(I) salt, iron(II,III) salt, killing animals Physical agents, pH buffering agents, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, basic oxygen scavenging This may include, but is not limited to, agents, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.

[0125] ○In some organic solutions, basic pH and oxygen scavengers or free radical inhibitors are used. It may be desirable to have an agent. For example, glycol or glycol ether For the composition to be used, glycol or glycol ether, or a reagent-like substance Inhibitors that utilize the current uses for the classified substances may be available.

[0126] ○In some cases, it is desirable that certain stabilizing chemical substances be passive reagents, and here, Some stabilizer chemicals can be followed by the liquid phase, which is mostly organic, and / or Here, some stabilizer chemicals are mostly dependent on the water or aqueous liquid phase. can.

[0127] ○ Some embodiments involve the active removal of “consumed” or “utilized” stabilizers. It can be involved in the removal and / or the active addition of fresh or effective stabilizers. Some embodiments involve the active replacement of spent stabilizers with fresh or effective stabilizers. They can be involved in the regeneration process.

[0128] ●Effect on the properties of phase transitions: The presence of chemical stabilizers affects the properties of various liquid-liquid phase transitions. It may have harmful or beneficial effects. Minimizing potential negative effects and ensuring chemical safety. Chemically stable to maximize potential beneficial effects while effectively achieving the objective of the setting agent. In some cases, it is desirable to optimize the use of the agent.

[0129] Materials of the method: Materials of the method are used in the materials of the method, or materials of the method It may be desirable that the composition be compatible with liquid-liquid phase transition compositions that are in contact with the material. Example For example, implementations that utilize ammonia salts, acidic salts, basic salts, or combinations thereof. In this situation, it is desirable that the material handling the composition is compatible with the composition. Yes. Corrosion inhibitors or other reagents, or prior warnings or limitations on the method, It is also desirable to use it to improve or ensure compatibility with the material. There is.

[0130] From two liquid phases to two liquid phases - different liquid states, different ratios of liquids, but two The liquid phase remains as described above.

[0131] The transition from one multiliquid phase to another is, for example, one or more of the following or a combination of the following. Combined: Relative concentration or ratio of reagents in each liquid phase, total mass ratio of each liquid phase, total volume ratio of each liquid phase, liquid phase The number of, the hardness of one or more reagents in one or more liquid phases, or one or Changes including, but not limited to, the orientation of one or more reagents in multiple liquid phases. They can be involved.

[0132] Some liquid-liquid phase transitions involve a phase transition from one mixture of multiple liquid phases to another mixture of multiple liquid phases. It can be involved in some liquid-liquid phase transitions, which involve mixing with an equal number of liquid phases. It can be involved in a mixture containing X number of liquid phases that undergo a phase transition to a substance. The number of liquid phases can vary. Although not available, the composition of the liquid phase of each component, and the weight percentage of the ratio of reagent concentrations in each liquid phase, or the quality The quantity or volume may change. Phase transitions can also exhibit significant endothermic or exothermic reactions. Furthermore, it can be reversible.

[0133] for example: ●Examples of liquid-liquid phase transition compositions: ○At 5℃ - Contains liquid phases A and B ·Liquid phase A: ●Total weight: 5g ● Mass percentage of organic matter: 90% ● Water mass %: 10% ·Liquid phase B: ●Total weight: 95g ● Mass percentage of organic matter: 21.58% ● Water mass %: 78.42% ○At 15℃ - Contains liquid phases Y and Z ·Liquid phase Y: ●Total weight: 23g ● Mass percentage of organic matter: 95.65% ● Water mass %: 4.35% ·Liquid phase Z: ●Total weight: 77g ● Mass percentage of organic matter: 1.3% ● Water mass %: 98.7%

[0134] Intermediate liquid phase A liquid-liquid mixture containing liquid phase A and liquid phase B undergoes a phase transition enthalpy with a certain value, and the liquid phase Convert to Y and liquid phase Z.

[0135] Intermediate steps exist with different phase transition enthalpies associated with each step. This is possible. For example: A and B can be converted to C and D, and from C and D For example, from E and F to G and H. The phase transition continues until the final phase transition state. And it can continue to undergo an intermediate phase transition. Alternatively or additionally, the method is a partial phase It may be designed only to reach a temperature at which a transition or intermediate phase transition occurs, and this is part Between a partial phase transition state and a complete phase transition state, or between a partial phase transition state and another partial phase transition state It can be involved in causing a phase transition of a liquid between states. Each intermediate phase transition is, for example... if, then, it occurs in a specific or subset of temperature ranges within the total phase transition temperature range of the composition. Each intermediate phase transition can be reversible. It can have its own phase transition enthalpy.

[0136] Examples of compositions: PPG2000 + Water: High energy density, reversible temperature-driven liquid-liquid phase transition (solution) It has >30kJ per 1kg, and this is from two liquid phases A and B, and two liquid phases C It is involved in the liquid-liquid phase transition to D.

[0137] PPG2000 + Diethylene Glycol Hexyl Ether + Water: Compared to PPG2000 The presence of diethylene glycol hexyl ether at a sufficient concentration or ratio indicates that its phase A reversible liquid-liquid phase transition composition that transitions from one liquid phase to another, wherein the two phases To convert into a reversible liquid-liquid phase transition composition that transitions from a liquid phase to a single liquid phase. However, despite the presence of diethylene glycol hexyl ether, this composition contains PPG It can continue to have a significant phase transition enthalpy of 2000+ water. Advantageously, Lenglycol hexyl ether can also reduce viscosity. Advantageously, Depending on the concentration and ratio of the drug, diethylene glycol hexyl ether undergoes a phase transition. The impact on talpy can be minimized. Advantageously, diethylene glycol hexyl When ether is in a multi-liquid phase state, for example, by increasing the density difference between the liquid phases... Liquid-liquid separation can be enhanced. Other glycol ethers also have phases that are multiple liquids. A reversible liquid-liquid phase transition composition that transitions from one phase to multiple liquid phases, where the phase consists of two liquid phases or It also acts as a reagent to convert a reversible liquid-liquid phase transition composition into a single liquid phase. Other glycol ethers can also minimize their effect on the phase transition enthalpy. While doing so, or while enhancing the phase transition enthalpy, it is possible to promote a decrease in viscosity. Cut.

[0138] Here, the phase transition enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 2.5 kJ / kg and greater than 5 kJ / kg. , or more than 10kJ / kg, or more than 15kJ / kg, or more than 20kJ / kg, It is greater than 25 kJ / kg, or greater than 30 kJ / kg, or greater than 35 kJ / kg.

[0139] Here, the effective specific heat capacity of the composition is 5 at least 1°C within the temperature range of the cooler. It is over 5 kJ / kg℃.

[0140] A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising component A, component B, and water, Here, when component "a" is at a concentration of "Y" by weight (wt%) in water, When water is at a concentration of "Z" wt%, it undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition at "X" °C. Here, when component "b" is at a concentration of "Y" by weight (wt%) in water, When water is at a concentration of "Z" wt%, it undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition at "G" °C or "X" °C. , Here, the solution contains "a" and "b", and "Y" is a wt% concentration of "a+b" and Water wt% of "Z" has a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature below X°C, below G°C, or both. ru.

[0141] A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising component A, component B, and water, Here, when component "a" is at a concentration of "Y" by weight (wt%) in water, When water is at a concentration of "Z" wt%, it undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition at "X" °C. Here, when component "b" is at a concentration of "Y" by weight (wt%) in water, When water is at a concentration of "Z" wt%, it undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition at "G" °C or "X" °C. , Here, the solution contains "a" and "b", and "Y" is a wt% concentration of "a+b" and Water at wt% of Z has a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature above X°C, above G°C, or both.

[0142] Examples of experimental results and procedures for measuring the heat quantity of heat flow. Calorimetry tests including phase transition enthalpy, effective specific heat capacity, and reversibility of liquid-liquid phase transition This can be done using the Mettler Toledo RC1.

[0143] In this example, composition #1 is 25 wt% polypropylene glycol 2000 (Sigm a-Aldrich P2000, Mn1513, refractive index n20 / D1.4 51, viscosity 450 mPa.s (20℃), density 1.00 g / mL at 20℃, and CA S number 25322-69-4), and 75 wt% deionized water. In this example, the combination Product #2 is 4.9 wt% diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (Sigma A Available from ldrich, assay accuracy 95%, refractive index n20 / D1.4381 (literature value) Density 0.935 at bp 260℃ (literature value), mp -40℃ (literature value), and 25℃. g / ml (literature value), 20.1 wt% polypropylene glycol 2000 (Sigma - P2000, Mn1513, refractive index n20 / D1.45 available from Aldrich 1. Viscosity 450 mPa.s (20°C), density 1.00 g / mL at 20°C, and CAS The number is 25322-69-4), and 75 wt% deionized water. In composition #2, The density of an organic liquid phase above the cloud point temperature is approximately 0.987 to 0.9 per liter at 20°C. 95 grams is also acceptable.

[0144] The phase transition enthalpies of composition #1 and composition #2 are completely reversible and repeatable. It was possible. Composition #1 and Composition #2 showed no decomposition and a standard deviation of less than 0.8%. (Within the expected noise level of the RC1 device) Consistent phase transition across all heating and cooling cycles. The phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity were shown. Heating the phase transition enthalpy is 0.8 With a deviation of less than % (within the assumed noise of the RC1 device), the phase transition enthalpy is cooled during It absorbed the same amount of heat that was released.

[0145] The phase transition enthalpy of composition #1 is 33.62 kJ / kg (1°C to 25°C). The phase transition enthalpy of composition #2 was 21.20 kJ / kg (1°C to 25°C). The adiabatic temperature rise of composition #1 is 9.3°C, and the adiabatic temperature rise of composition #2 is 5°C. The temperature was 7°C.

[0146] The peak specific heat capacity of composition #1 is 7.715 J / g°C, or 184% of the specific heat capacity of water. The peak specific heat capacity of composition #2 was 7.109 J / g°C, or the specific heat capacity of water. It was 169%.

[0147] [Table 5]

[0148] RC1 Test Procedure: 1. The sample was injected into RC1 and the sealed RC1 container was closed. The mass of the sample container was measured, and the sample was measured in R Measurements were taken before and after injection into C1, and the mass of the sample in RC1 was recorded. 2. The sample was heated to 30°C. 3. Baseline specific heat capacity was measured at 30°C to 25°C. 30°C to 25°C is the range for liquid -The temperature range is outside the liquid phase transition enthalpy, and the specific heat capacity of the sample is without a phase transition enthalpy. Grant it. 4. Cool the sample from 25°C to 1°C at a rate of 0.5°C / min, simultaneously controlling the heat flux and heat flow rate. It was measured. 5. The sample temperature was maintained at 1°C for 10 minutes. 6. Take the sample, 0.5 o Heating from 1°C to 25°C at a rate of C / min, and the heat flux and heat flow rate are the same. Measured at the time 7. Baseline specific heat capacity was measured at 25°C to 30°C. 25°C to 30°C is the range for liquid -The temperature range is outside the liquid phase transition enthalpy range, and there is no phase transition enthalpy, and the specific heat volume of the sample To assign a quantity. 8. The sample temperature was maintained at 30°C for 10 minutes. 9. Steps 3-8 were continuously repeated for 12 cooling and heating cycles.

[0149] RC1 test parameters:

[0150] [Table 6]

[0151] [Table 7]

[0152] The phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity of composition #1 and composition #2 are determined in RC1. Measure according to the "RC1 Testing Procedure" described above, 12 The phase transition between composition #1 and composition #2 was measured continuously over several cooling + heating cycles. The rupee was completely reversible and repeatable. Composition #1 and Composition #2 are No decomposition and a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (R) across all heating and cooling cycles. Within the assumed noise level of the C1 instrument, consistent phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity were observed. Heating the transition enthalpy results in a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (assumed noise of RC1 instrument). (Internally), the same amount of heat was absorbed as was released while the phase transition enthalpy was cooled.

[0153] The mass did not decrease during the experiment. Composition #1 and Composition #2 remained unchanged throughout the entire period of the test. It remained in the liquid phase (for example, neither the solid phase nor the gas phase progressed). Composition #1 and Composition The mass of sample #2 remained unchanged throughout the entire test period (no increase or decrease).

[0154] The phase transition enthalpy of composition #1 is 33.62 kJ / kg (1°C to 25°C). The phase transition enthalpy of composition #2 was 21.20 kJ / kg (1°C to 25°C). The adiabatic temperature rise of composition #1 is 9.3°C, and the adiabatic temperature rise of composition #2 is 5°C. The temperature was 7°C.

[0155] [Table 8]

[0156] [Table 9]

[0157] [Table 10]

[0158] [Table 11]

[0159] Exemplary Model Embodiment ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one polypropylene having a number average molecular weight of 1,800 or more (relative to its weight). Pyrene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○Polypropylene with a particle count of less than 200 per 1 mL at temperatures below the cloud point temperature. Glycol composition.

[0160] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1 (relative to weight) ,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1 A small number-average molecular weight having 700, or 1,800 or more, or a combination thereof. At least one type of polypropylene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○ The number of particles per 1 mL is 10, 20, or 3 at temperatures below the cloud point temperature. 0, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or Polypropylene with a content of 400, 450, or less than 500, or a combination thereof. Pyrene glycol composition.

[0161] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1 (relative to weight) ,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1 A small number-average molecular weight having 700, or 1,800 or more, or a combination thereof. At least one type of polypropylene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○The number of particles per 1 mL is within + / - 1°K or + / - 1.5°K of the cloud point temperature, This corresponds to + / -2°K, or + / -2.5°K, or + / -3°K, or + / -3.5° K, or + / - 4°K, or + / - 4.5°K, or + / - 5°K, or + / - 5.5°K, or + / -6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, also This corresponds to + / -7.5°K, or + / -8°K, or + / -8.5°K, or + / -9° At temperatures within K, or + / -9.5°K, or + / -10°K, 10 or 20 , or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 13 0, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 18 0, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 35 0, or less than 400, or less than 450, or less than 500, or any combination thereof A polypropylene glycol composition.

[0162] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1 (relative to weight) ,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1 A small number-average molecular weight having 700, or 1,800 or more, or a combination thereof. At least one type of glycol polymer, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A glycol polymer composition containing water (relative to), ○The number of particles per 1 mL is within + / - 1°K or + / - 1.5°K of the cloud point temperature, This corresponds to + / -2°K, or + / -2.5°K, or + / -3°K, or + / -3.5° K, or + / - 4°K, or + / - 4.5°K, or + / - 5°K, or + / - 5.5°K, or + / -6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, also This corresponds to + / -7.5°K, or + / -8°K, or + / -8.5°K, or + / -9° At temperatures within K, or + / -9.5°K, or + / -10°K, 10 or 20 , or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 13 0, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 18 0, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 35 0, or less than 400, or less than 450, or less than 500, or any combination thereof A glycol polymer composition.

[0163] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1 (relative to weight) ,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1 A small number-average molecular weight having 700, or 1,800 or more, or a combination thereof. At least one type of glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A glycol composition containing water (relative to), ○The number of particles per 1 mL is within + / - 1°K or + / - 1.5°K of the cloud point temperature, This corresponds to + / -2°K, or + / -2.5°K, or + / -3°K, or + / -3.5° K, or + / - 4°K, or + / - 4.5°K, or + / - 5°K, or + / - 5.5°K, or + / -6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, also This corresponds to + / -7.5°K, or + / -8°K, or + / -8.5°K, or + / -9° At temperatures within K, or + / -9.5°K, or + / -10°K, 10 or 20 , or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 13 0, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 18 0, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 35 0, or less than 400, or less than 450, or less than 500, or any combination thereof glycol composition

[0164] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1 (relative to weight) ,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1 A small number-average molecular weight having 700, or 1,800 or more, or a combination thereof. At least one type of polyalkylene oxide, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polyalkylene oxide composition containing water (relative to), ○The number of particles per 1 mL is within + / - 1°K or + / - 1.5°K of the cloud point temperature, This corresponds to + / -2°K, or + / -2.5°K, or + / -3°K, or + / -3.5° K, or + / - 4°K, or + / - 4.5°K, or + / - 5°K, or + / - 5.5°K, or + / -6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, also This corresponds to + / -7.5°K, or + / -8°K, or + / -8.5°K, or + / -9° At temperatures within K, or + / -9.5°K, or + / -10°K, 10 or 20 , or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 13 0, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 18 0, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 35 0, or less than 400, or less than 450, or less than 500, or any combination thereof A polyalkylene oxide composition.

[0165] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1 (relative to weight) ,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1 A small number-average molecular weight having 700, or 1,800 or more, or a combination thereof. At least one type of polyalkylene oxide, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polyalkylene oxide composition containing water (relative to), ○The number of particles per 1 mL is within + / - 1°K or + / - 1.5°K of the cloud point temperature, This corresponds to + / -2°K, or + / -2.5°K, or + / -3°K, or + / -3.5° K, or + / - 4°K, or + / - 4.5°K, or + / - 5°K, or + / - 5.5°K, or + / -6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, also This corresponds to + / -7.5°K, or + / -8°K, or + / -8.5°K, or + / -9° At temperatures within K, or + / -9.5°K, or + / -10°K, 10 or 20 , or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 13 0, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 18 0, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 35 0, or less than 400, or less than 450, or less than 500, or any combination thereof the law of nature, ○ The cloud point temperature is 0°C, or 2.5°C, or 5°C, 7.5°C, or 10°C, or 1 2.5℃, or 15℃, or 17.5℃, or 20℃, or 22.5℃, or 25°C, or 27.5°C, or 30°C, or 35°C, or 40°C, or 45°C , or 50°C, or 55°C, or 60°C, or 65°C, or 70°C, or 7 5°C, or 80°C, or 85°C, or 90°C, or 95°C, or 100°C, or 105°C, or 110°C, or 150°C, or 200°C or lower. ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or more than 10kJ per kg, or those A combination of polyalkylene oxide compositions.

[0166] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1 (relative to weight) ,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1 A small number-average molecular weight having 700, or 1,800 or more, or a combination thereof. At least one type of polyalkylene oxide, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polyalkylene oxide composition containing water (relative to), ○The number of particles per 1 mL is within + / - 1°K or + / - 1.5°K of the cloud point temperature, This corresponds to + / -2°K, or + / -2.5°K, or + / -3°K, or + / -3.5° K, or + / - 4°K, or + / - 4.5°K, or + / - 5°K, or + / - 5.5°K, or + / -6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, also This corresponds to + / -7.5°K, or + / -8°K, or + / -8.5°K, or + / -9° At temperatures within K, or + / -9.5°K, or + / -10°K, 10 or 20 , or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 13 0, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 18 0, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 35 0, or less than 400, or less than 450, or less than 500, or any combination thereof the law of nature, ○ The cloud point temperature is 0°C, or 2.5°C, or 5°C, 7.5°C, or 10°C, or 1 2.5℃, or 15℃, or 17.5℃, or 20℃, or 22.5℃, or 25°C, or 27.5°C, or 30°C, or 35°C, or 40°C, or 45°C A polyalkylene oxide composition, or one with a temperature of 50°C or lower.

[0167] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1 (relative to weight) ,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1 A small number-average molecular weight having 700, or 1,800 or more, or a combination thereof. At least one type of polyalkylene oxide, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Water (in contrast to) ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 30 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polyalkylene oxide composition containing an ether (for), ○The number of particles per 1 mL is within + / - 1°K or + / - 1.5°K of the cloud point temperature, This corresponds to + / -2°K, or + / -2.5°K, or + / -3°K, or + / -3.5° K, or + / - 4°K, or + / - 4.5°K, or + / - 5°K, or + / - 5.5°K, or + / -6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, also This corresponds to + / -7.5°K, or + / -8°K, or + / -8.5°K, or + / -9° At temperatures within K, or + / -9.5°K, or + / -10°K, 10 or 20 , or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 13 0, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 18 0, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 35 0, or less than 400, or less than 450, or less than 500, or any combination thereof the law of nature, ○ The cloud point temperature is 0°C, or 2.5°C, or 5°C, 7.5°C, or 10°C, or 1 2.5℃, or 15℃, or 17.5℃, or 20℃, or 22.5℃, or 25°C, or 27.5°C, or 30°C, or 35°C, or 40°C, or 45°C A polyalkylene oxide composition, or one with a temperature of 50°C or lower.

[0168] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1 (relative to weight) ,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1 A small number-average molecular weight having 700, or 1,800 or more, or a combination thereof. At least one type of polyalkylene oxide, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Water (in contrast to) ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 30 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polyalkylene oxide composition containing a glycol ether (relative to), ○The number of particles per 1 mL is within + / - 1°K or + / - 1.5°K of the cloud point temperature, This corresponds to + / -2°K, or + / -2.5°K, or + / -3°K, or + / -3.5° K, or + / - 4°K, or + / - 4.5°K, or + / - 5°K, or + / - 5.5°K, or + / -6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, also This corresponds to + / -7.5°K, or + / -8°K, or + / -8.5°K, or + / -9° At temperatures within K, or + / -9.5°K, or + / -10°K, 10 or 20 , or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 13 0, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 18 0, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 35 It is less than 0, 400, 450, or 500, or a combination thereof. , ○ The cloud point temperature is 0°C, or 2.5°C, or 5°C, 7.5°C, or 10°C, or 1 2.5℃, or 15℃, or 17.5℃, or 20℃, or 22.5℃, or 25°C, or 27.5°C, or 30°C, or 35°C, or 40°C, or 45°C A polyalkylene oxide composition, or one with a temperature of 50°C or lower.

[0169] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 80 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one polyp having a number-average molecular weight of 10,000 or less (relative to its weight) Polypropylene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○When the temperature exceeds the cloud point, it contains polypropylene glycol that forms due to a liquid-liquid phase transition. The density of the liquid phase is 0.999 grams per 1 mL, or 0.99 g / mL, or 0.9 Having a density of less than 8 g / mL, ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or more than 10kJ per kg, or those A combination of polypropylene glycol compositions.

[0170] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one polypropylene having a number average molecular weight of 5,000 or less (relative to weight). Pyrene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○When the temperature exceeds the cloud point, it contains an organic liquid phase that forms due to a liquid-liquid phase transition into two liquid phases. The density of the liquid phase is 0.999 grams per 1 mL, or 0.99 g / mL, or 0.9 Having a density of less than 8 g / mL, ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or more than 10kJ per kg, or those A combination of polypropylene glycol compositions.

[0171] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one polypropylene having a number average molecular weight of 5,000 or less (relative to weight). Pyrene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○When the temperature exceeds the cloud point, the density of the organic liquid phase formed due to the liquid-liquid phase transition into two liquid phases A polypropylene glycol composition having a density greater than 0.999 g / mol.

[0172] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one polypropylene having a number average molecular weight of 5,000 or less (relative to weight). Pyrene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○At temperatures above the cloud point, the system includes at least two liquid phases: · At least one of the above two liquid phases is primarily an organic liquid phase, or primarily A liquid phase of polypropylene glycol, or a combination thereof, • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly comprises an aqueous liquid phase. A composition in which the density of the organic liquid phase is primarily less than that of the aqueous liquid phase.

[0173] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one polypropylene having a number average molecular weight of 5,000 or less (relative to weight). Pyrene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○At temperatures above the cloud point, the system includes at least two liquid phases: · At least one of the above two liquid phases is primarily an organic liquid phase, or primarily A liquid phase of polypropylene glycol, or a combination thereof, • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly comprises an aqueous liquid phase. A composition in which the density of the organic liquid phase mainly exceeds that of the aqueous liquid phase.

[0174] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○A process of causing a composition containing polypropylene glycol and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. Including, • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains polypropylene glycol, • The liquid phase containing polypropylene glycol is 0.999 g / mL or 0.99 g / m³ L, or 0.98 g / mL, or 0.97 g / mL, or 0.96 g / mL, also is 0.95 g / mL, or 0.94 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.9 Having a density of less than 2 g / mL, or less than 0.91 g / mL, or less than 0.90 g / mL, • The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or more than 10kJ per kg, or those A combination of methods.

[0175] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○Includes a step of causing a composition containing polyalkylene oxide and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. fruit, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a polyalkylene oxide, • The liquid phase containing polyalkylene oxide is 0.999 g / mL, or 0.99 g / mL , or 0.98 g / mL, or 0.97 g / mL, or 0.96 g / mL, or 0.95 g / mL, or 0.94 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.92 A method having a density of less than g / mL, or less than 0.91 g / mL, or less than 0.90 g / mL.

[0176] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○Includes a step of causing a composition containing polyalkylene oxide and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. fruit, • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases is primarily an organic liquid phase, or primarily a polyalkyl liquid phase. Includes ylene oxides, or combinations thereof, • Primarily organic liquid phases, or primarily polyalkylene oxides, or combinations thereof. The liquid phase containing is 0.999 g / mL, or 0.99 g / mL, or 0.98 g / mL , or 0.97 g / mL, or 0.96 g / mL, or 0.95 g / mL, or 0.94 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.92 g / mL, or 0.91 A method having a density of g / mL or less than 0.90 g / mL.

[0177] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○The process includes a step of causing a composition containing a glycol polymer and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases is primarily an organic liquid phase, or primarily a glycol. Includes polymers, or combinations thereof, • Contains primarily an organic liquid phase, or primarily a glycol polymer, or a combination thereof. The liquid phase is 0.999 g / mL, or 0.99 g / mL, or 0.98 g / mL. or 0.97 g / mL, or 0.96 g / mL, or 0.95 g / mL, or 0. 94 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.92 g / mL, or 0.91 g / A method having a density of less than mL or less than 0.90 g / mL.

[0178] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○A process of causing a composition containing polypropylene glycol and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. Including, • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains polypropylene glycol, A method comprising a liquid phase containing polypropylene glycol having a density lower than that of water.

[0179] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○The process includes a step of causing a composition containing a glycol polymer and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, A method comprising a liquid phase containing a glycol polymer having a density lower than that of water.

[0180] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○A composition containing glycol polymer and water is heated above the cloud point temperature to separate the two liquid phases. The process includes forming • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, A method in which a liquid phase containing a glycol polymer has a density lower than that of water.

[0181] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○The process includes a step of causing a composition containing a glycol polymer and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, A method in which a liquid phase containing a glycol polymer has a density exceeding that of water.

[0182] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○The process includes a step of causing a composition containing a glycol polymer and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, • The liquid phase containing the glycol polymer has a density lower than that of the pure or isolated glycol polymer. Methods that have density

[0183] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○The process includes a step of causing a composition containing a glycol polymer and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, • The liquid phase containing the glycol polymer exceeds the density of the pure or isolated glycol polymer. Methods that have density

[0184] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○Includes a step of causing a composition containing polyalkylene oxide and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. fruit, • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a polyalkylene oxide, • The liquid phase containing polyalkylene oxide has a density of pure or isolated polyalkylene oxide. A method having a density less than [a certain value].

[0185] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○Includes a step of causing a composition containing polyalkylene oxide and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. fruit, • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a polyalkylene oxide, • The liquid phase containing polyalkylene oxide has a density of pure or isolated polyalkylene oxide. Having a density exceeding, • The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or more than 10kJ per kg, or those A combination of methods.

[0186] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one polypropylene having a number average molecular weight of 5,000 or less (relative to weight). Pyrene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○At temperatures above the cloud point, the system includes at least two liquid phases: • At least one of the two liquid phases comprises polypropylene glycol. • At least one of the two liquid phases contains water, • The liquid phase containing polypropylene glycol has a viscosity of less than 100 cP at 20°C. • The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or more than 10kJ per kg, or those A combination, a composition.

[0187] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one polypropylene having a number average molecular weight of 5,000 or less (relative to weight). Pyrene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○At temperatures above the cloud point, the system includes at least two liquid phases: • At least one of the two liquid phases comprises polypropylene glycol, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains water, • A liquid phase containing polypropylene glycol has a viscosity of less than 50 cP at 20°C, composition thing.

[0188] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) (relative to weight) having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 or more and 5,000 or less, Both are a type of polypropylene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○At temperatures above the cloud point, the system includes at least two liquid phases: • At least one of the two liquid phases comprises polypropylene glycol. • At least one of the two liquid phases contains water, • A liquid phase containing polypropylene glycol has a viscosity of less than 100 cP at 20°C. Finished product.

[0189] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 60 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one polypropylene having a number average molecular weight of 5,000 or less (relative to weight). Pyrene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○At temperatures above the cloud point, the system includes at least two liquid phases: • At least one of the two liquid phases comprises polypropylene glycol, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains water, • The liquid phase containing polypropylene glycol is 10 cP or 20 cP at 20°C, is 30 cP, or 40 cP, or 50 cP, or 60 cP, or 70 cP, also 80 cP, or 90 cP, or 100 cP, or 110 cP, or 120 cP , or 130 cP, or 140 cP, or 150 cP, or 160 cP, or 170cP, or 180cP, or 190cP, or 200cP, or 300c P, or less than one or more of 400cP, or 500cP, or a combination thereof. A composition having a viscosity (in cP units).

[0190] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 80 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one polypropylene having a number average molecular weight of 5,000 or less (relative to weight). Pyrene glycol, ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A polypropylene glycol composition containing water (for comparison with), ○At temperatures above the cloud point, the system includes at least two liquid phases: • At least one of the two liquid phases comprises polypropylene glycol. A composition in which at least one of the two liquid phases comprises water.

[0191] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○Includes a step of causing a composition containing polyalkylene oxide and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. fruit, • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a polyalkylene oxide, A method in which the liquid phase containing polyalkylene oxide has a viscosity of less than 60 cP at 20°C.

[0192] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○Includes a step of causing a composition containing polyalkylene oxide and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. fruit, • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a polyalkylene oxide, • The liquid phase containing polyalkylene oxide is 10 cP or 20 cP at 20°C, or 30 cP, or 40 cP, or 50 cP, or 60 cP, or 70 cP, or 80 cP, or 90 cP, or 100 cP, or 110 cP, or 120 cP, Or 130 cP, or 140 cP, or 150 cP, or 160 cP, or 1 70 cP, or 180 cP, or 190 cP, or 200 cP, or 300 cP , or less than one or more of 400 cP or 500 cP, or a combination thereof A method having a viscosity (in cP units)

[0193] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○A process of causing a composition containing polypropylene glycol and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. Including, • At least one of the two liquid phases mainly contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains polypropylene glycol, • The liquid phase containing polypropylene glycol is 10 cP or 20 cP at 20°C, is 30 cP, or 40 cP, or 50 cP, or 60 cP, or 70 cP, also 80 cP, or 90 cP, or 100 cP, or 110 cP, or 120 cP , or 130 cP, or 140 cP, or 150 cP, or 160 cP, or 170cP, or 180cP, or 190cP, or 200cP, or 300c P, or less than one or more of 400cP, or 500cP, or a combination thereof. A method having a viscosity (in cP units).

[0194] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○The process includes a step of causing a composition containing a glycol polymer and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. • At least one of the two liquid phases contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer. • The liquid phase containing glycol polymer is 10 cP, or 20 cP, or 30 cP at 20°C. cP, or 40 cP, or 50 cP, or 60 cP, or 70 cP, or 80 cP, or 90 cP, or 100 cP, or 110 cP, or 120 cP, also is 130 cP, or 140 cP, or 150 cP, or 160 cP, or 170 cP, or 180cP, or 190cP, or 200cP, or 300cP, or 400 cP, or 500 cP, or 600 cP, or 700 cP, or 80 Less than 0 cP, or 900 cP, or 1000 cP, or any of those. A method having a viscosity (in cP units) of a combination of the following.

[0195] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○The process includes a step of causing a composition containing a glycol polymer and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. • At least one of the two liquid phases contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases is a glycol polymer having an average molecular weight of 1000 or more. Includes Rimmer A liquid phase containing a glycol polymer with an average molecular weight of 1000 or more is 10 at 20°C. cP, or 20 cP, or 30 cP, or 40 cP, or 50 cP, or 60 cP, or 70cP, or 80cP, or 90cP, or 100cP, or 1 10 cP, or 120 cP, or 130 cP, or 140 cP, or 150 cP , or 160 cP, or 170 cP, or 180 cP, or 190 cP, or 200cP, or 300cP, or 400cP, or 500cP, or 600c P, or 700cP, or 800cP, or 900cP, or 1000cP A method having one or fewer viscosities (in cP units), or a combination thereof.

[0196] ● A method for causing a liquid to undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition: ○Includes a step of causing a composition containing polyalkylene oxide and water to undergo a phase transition into two liquid phases. fruit, • At least one of the two liquid phases contains water, • At least one of the two liquid phases is a polyalkylene having an average number of 400 or more molecules. Contains oxides, A liquid phase containing glycol polymers with an average molecular weight of 400 or more is at 20°C and 10°C. P, or 20cP, or 30cP, or 40cP, or 50cP, or 60c P, or 70cP, or 80cP, or 90cP, or 100cP, or 11 0 cP, or 120 cP, or 130 cP, or 140 cP, or 150 cP, Or 160 cP, or 170 cP, or 180 cP, or 190 cP, or 2 00cP, or 300cP, or 400cP, or 500cP, or 600cP , or one of 700 cP, 800 cP, 900 cP, or 1000 cP A method having a viscosity (in cP units) of less than one number, or a combination thereof.

[0197] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) At least one reagent (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, or those containing more than 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. .

[0198] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Polyalkylene oxide (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, or those containing more than 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. .

[0199] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol polymer (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, or those containing more than 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. .

[0200] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol polymer (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, or those containing more than 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. .

[0201] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol polymer (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram , or more than 20kJ per kg, or a combination thereof, ○A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least part of the temperature range of the phase transition enthalpy differs from the cloud point temperature. composition.

[0202] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Reagents (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram , or more than 20kJ per kg, or a combination thereof, ○A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least part of the temperature range of the phase transition enthalpy differs from the cloud point temperature. composition.

[0203] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Reagents (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram , or more than 20kJ per kg, or a combination thereof, ○ At least a portion of the heat absorbed or released due to the phase transition enthalpy is different from the cloud point temperature. A liquid-liquid phase transition composition that occurs at a certain temperature.

[0204] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Reagents (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram , or more than 20kJ per kg, or a combination thereof, ○ At least 10% or 20% of the heat absorbed or released due to the phase transition enthalpy , or 30%, or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 8% Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions in which 0% or 90% of the transition occurs at a temperature different from the cloud point temperature.

[0205] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Reagents (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram , or more than 20kJ per kg, or a combination thereof, ○At least 50% of the heat absorbed or released due to the phase transition enthalpy is related to the cloud point temperature. Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions that occur at different temperatures.

[0206] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Reagents (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram , or more than 20kJ per kg, or a combination thereof, ○Liquid-liquid phase transition: The peak enthalpy occurs at a temperature different from the cloud point temperature. composition.

[0207] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Reagents (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram , or more than 20kJ per kg, or a combination thereof, ○ The peak enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature differs from the cloud point temperature by more than 0.5°K, liquid-liquid phase Transfer composition.

[0208] ●○Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Reagents (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 1 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (in relation to), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram , or more than 20kJ per kg, or a combination thereof, ○The peak enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature is 0.5°K or 1°K from the cloud point temperature. Or 1.5°K, or 2°K, or 2.5°K, or 3°K, or 3.5°K, or 4°K, or 4.5°K, or 5°K, or 5.5° K, or 6°K, or 6.5°K, or 7°K, or 7.5°K, if 8°K, or 8.5°K, or 9°K, or 9.5°K, or 10 Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, varying in temperature above °K or in combinations thereof.

[0209] ●○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Polypropylene glycol (relative to body weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol ether (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (by weight), ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, or those containing more than 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. .

[0210] ●○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Polypropylene glycol (relative to body weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol ether (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (by weight), ○ The number of particles per 1 mL is 0.25°K, 0.5°K, or 0 above the cloud point temperature. 0.75°K, or 1°K, or 1.5°K, or 2°K, or 2.5°K, also is 3°K, or 3.5°K, or 4°K, or 4.5°K, or 5°K, 5.5°K, or 6°K, or 6.5°K, or 7°K, or 7.5°K, also This is 8°K, or 8.5°K, or 9°K, or 9.5°K, or 10°K lower. In degrees, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, or 60 , or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, if 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, if 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, if 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, if The value is less than 550 or 600, or a combination of both. ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, or those containing more than 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. .

[0211] ●○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol polymer (relative to body weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol ether (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (by weight), ○ The number of particles per 1 mL is 0.25°K, 0.5°K, or 0 above the cloud point temperature. 0.75°K, or 1°K, or 1.5°K, or 2°K, or 2.5°K, also is 3°K, or 3.5°K, or 4°K, or 4.5°K, or 5°K, 5.5°K, or 6°K, or 6.5°K, or 7°K, or 7.5°K, also This is 8°K, or 8.5°K, or 9°K, or 9.5°K, or 10°K lower. In degrees, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, or 60 , or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, if 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, if 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, if 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, if The value is less than 550 or 600, or a combination of both. ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, or those containing more than 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. .

[0212] ●○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Polypropylene glycol (relative to body weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol ether (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (by weight), ○The number of particles per 1 mL is 10%, 20%, or 30% at the cloud point temperature, 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%, or 90% Or increased by 95%, or more than 99%, ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, or those containing more than 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. .

[0213] ●○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol polymer (relative to body weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol ether (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (by weight), ○The number of particles per 1 mL is 10%, 20%, or 30% at the cloud point temperature, or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%, or 90%, or increased by 95% or more than 99%, ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, or those containing more than 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. .

[0214] ●○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol polymer (relative to body weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 70 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) Glycol ether (relative to weight), ○ Approximately 0.5 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) to approximately 99 percent (relative to the total weight of the composition) A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water (by weight), ○ The viscosity of the organic liquid phase is 10 cP, or 20 cP, or 30 cP, or 40 cP. or 50 cP, or 60 cP, or 70 cP, or 80 cP, or 90 cP, or 100 cP, or 110 cP, or 120 cP, or 130 cP, or 14 0 cP, or 150 cP, or 160 cP, or 170 cP, or 180 cP, Or 190 cP, or 200 cP, or 300 cP, or 400 cP, or 5 It is less than 00 cP, ○ Liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg. , or 7.5kJ per kg, or 10kJ per kg, or per kg 12.5kJ per kilogram, or 15kJ per kilogram, or 17.5kJ per kilogram Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions, or those containing more than 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. .

[0215] ●○Approximately 1 to 70 weight percent of the total composition is a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent. ○A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing approximately 1 to approximately 99 weight percent water in the total composition, ○The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy of the composition is greater than 5 kJ per 1 kg of the composition. ○The temperature of the liquid-liquid phase transition peak enthalpy of the composition differs from the cloud point temperature by more than 0.5°K. The cloud point was measured by a laser particle counting method, and the liquid-liquid phase transition peak enthalpy was determined by Me Liquid-liquid phase transition composition, measured using a ttler Toledo RC1 calorimeter.

[0216] ●○Approximately 1 to approximately 80% by weight of the entire composition, with a value of 1,200 or more and 3,000 or less. At least one polypropylene glycol having a number-average molecular weight, ○Approximately 1 to 99 weight percent of the total composition is water. ○ Glycol polymer mixture containing approximately 0.5 to 50 weight percent glycol ether It is a finished product, ○ The number of particles per 1 mL of the composition is less than 200, as measured by the laser particle counting method. A glycol polymer composition.

[0217] ●1.○Approximately 1 to approximately 80% by weight of the entire composition, with 1,200 or more and 3,000 At least one polypropylene glycol having the following number average molecular weight, ○A glycol polymer composition containing approximately 1 to 99 percent by weight of water in the total composition. That is, ○(1) The solution is determined by a laser particle counting method to be a single liquid-phase solution at a temperature below 5°C. Including the combined solution, ○(2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is given by the Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter. A glycol polymer composition that, when measured, contains more than 5 kJ per kg.

[0218] ●○Approximately 1 to approximately 80% by weight of the entire composition, with a value of 2,000 or more and 3,000 or less. At least one polypropylene glycol having a number-average molecular weight, ○A glycol polymer composition containing approximately 1 to 99 percent by weight of water in the total composition. That is, ○(1) The number of particles per 1 mL of the composition is determined by the laser particle counting method at 5°C At temperatures below [value], the measurement using the laser particle counting method is less than 200. ○(2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is given by the Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter. A glycol polymer composition that, when measured, contains more than 5 kJ per kg.

[0219] ●1.○Approximately 1 to approximately 80% by weight of the total composition, with 2,000 or more and 3,000 At least one polypropylene glycol having the following number average molecular weight, ○A glycol polymer composition containing approximately 1 to 99 percent by weight of water in the total composition. That is, ○(1) A composition may be defined as being determined by the number of particles per 1 mL of the composition. The solution contains a single liquid-phase combination solution at a temperature below 5°C, and the number of particles per 1 mL of the composition is At temperatures below 5°C, measured by laser particle counting, the result is 10 or 20, if 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, Or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, also Or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, Or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, Or less than 400, 450, 500, 550, or 600 Or a combination thereof, ○(2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is given by the Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter. A glycol polymer composition that, when measured, contains more than 5 kJ per kg.

[0220] ● A liquid-liquid phase transition method, ○ A step of forming a composition containing glycol polymer and water, ○ The composition undergoes a phase transition at a temperature above its cloud point to form at least two liquid phases. Including the process, ○The first liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt% water, ○The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, ○(1) The second liquid phase containing glycol polymer is "Mettler Toledo E According to the "xcellence densimeter," it has a density that exceeds the density of the liquid phase, which mainly contains water. , ○(2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is given by the Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter. A liquid-liquid phase transition method that, upon further measurement, exceeds 5 kJ per kg.

[0221] ● A liquid-liquid phase transition method, ○ A step of forming a composition containing glycol polymer and water, ○ The composition undergoes a phase transition at a temperature above its cloud point to form at least two liquid phases. Including the process, ○The first liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt% water, ○The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, ○(1) The second liquid phase containing glycol polymer is 95 wt% or 9 at the same temperature. 6 wt%, or 97 wt%, or 98 wt%, or 99 wt%, or 100 It has a density lower than that of a liquid containing % glycol polymer. ○(2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is given by the Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter. A liquid-liquid phase transition method that, upon further measurement, exceeds 5 kJ per kg.

[0222] ● A liquid-liquid phase transition method, ○ A step of forming a composition containing glycol polymer and water, ○ The composition undergoes a phase transition at a temperature above its cloud point to form at least two liquid phases. Including the process, ○The first liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt% water, ○The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, ○(1) The second liquid phase containing glycol polymer is 95 wt% or 96 wt% at 20°C. t%, or 97wt%, or 98wt%, or 99wt% or more of glycol polymer It has a density lower than that of a liquid containing - ○(2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is given by the Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter. A liquid-liquid phase transition method that, upon further measurement, exceeds 5 kJ per kg.

[0223] ● A liquid-liquid phase transition method, ○ A step of forming a composition containing glycol polymer and water, ○ The composition undergoes a phase transition at a temperature above its cloud point to form at least two liquid phases. Including the process, ○The first liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt% water, ○The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, ○(1) The second liquid phase containing glycol polymer is 95 wt% or 9 at the same temperature. Glycol particles of 6 wt%, 97 wt%, 98 wt%, or 99 wt% or more. It has a density exceeding that of the liquid containing the rimer, ○(2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is given by the Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter. A liquid-liquid phase transition method that, upon further measurement, exceeds 5 kJ per kg.

[0224] ● A liquid-liquid phase transition method, ○ A step of forming a composition containing glycol polymer and water, ○ The composition undergoes a phase transition at a temperature above its cloud point to form at least two liquid phases. Including the process, ○The first liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt% water, ○The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, ○(1) The second liquid phase containing glycol polymer is 95 wt% or 96 wt% at 20°C. t%, or 97wt%, or 98wt%, or 99wt%, or 100% Having a density exceeding that of a liquid containing glycol polymer, ○(2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is given by the Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter. A liquid-liquid phase transition method that, upon further measurement, exceeds 5 kJ per kg.

[0225] ●A composition: ○(1) The organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water without glycol polymers. ○(2) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water without the use of organic reagents. ○ A composition in which (1) and (2) are at different temperatures.

[0226] ● Compositions in which organic reagents and glycol polymers exhibit a combined cloud point.

[0227] ●A composition: ○(1) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water without the use of organic reagents. ○(2) The composition has a combined cloud point, ○(3) The temperature of "(1)" is within + / -0.1°K or + / -0. 2°K, or + / -0.3°K, + / -0.4°K, + / -0.5°K, + / -0.6 °K, + / -0.7°K, + / -0.8°K, + / -0.9°K, + / -1°K, or + / -1.5°K, or + / -2°K, or + / -2.5°K, or + / -3°K , or + / -3.5°K, or + / -4°K, or + / -4.5°K, or + / -5°K, or + / -5.5°K, or + / -6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, or + / -7.5°K, or + / -8°K, or + / -8.5 °K, or + / - 9°K, or + / - 9.5°K, or more than + / - 10°K, composition.

[0228] ●A composition: ○(1) The organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water without the organic reagent, ○(2) The composition has a combined cloud point, ○(3) The temperature of "(1)" is within + / -0.1°K or + / -0. 2°K, or + / -0.3°K, + / -0.4°K, + / -0.5°K, + / -0.6 °K, + / -0.7°K, + / -0.8°K, + / -0.9°K, + / -1°K, or + / -1.5°K, or + / -2°K, or + / -2.5°K, or + / -3°K , or + / -3.5°K, or + / -4°K, or + / -4.5°K, or + / -5°K, or + / -5.5°K, or + / -6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, or + / -7.5°K, or + / -8°K, or + / -8.5 °K, or + / - 9°K, or + / - 9.5°K, or more than + / - 10°K, composition.

[0229] ●A composition: ○(1) The organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water without glycol polymers. ○(2) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water without the use of organic reagents. ○(3) Having a combination of cloud points, ○(4) The temperature of "(3)" is equal to the temperature of "(1)" or "(2)", or both. Different compositions.

[0230] ● The organic reagent is insoluble in water without glycol polymer, or at a temperature of 10 g / L. It has a solubility of less than [amount missing].

[0231] Exemplary exemplary embodiment:

[0232] A cooling method comprising a refrigeration cycle and a liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid, The refrigeration cycle cools the liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid, The cooling process brings the liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid from the "return temperature" to the "forward temperature". This includes a cooling process, The aforementioned "outbound temperature" is lower than the aforementioned "return temperature". A temperature difference exists between the aforementioned "supply temperature" and the aforementioned "return temperature". Heat transfer that cools the liquid-liquid phase transition liquid from the "return temperature" to the "supply temperature". The amount of heat transferred per 1 kg of liquid is at least 1. A cooling method that is three times more effective.

[0233] A cooling method comprising a refrigeration cycle and a liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid, The refrigeration cycle cools the liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid, The cooling process brings the liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid from the "return temperature" to the "forward temperature". This includes a cooling process, The aforementioned "outbound temperature" is lower than the aforementioned "return temperature". A temperature difference exists between the aforementioned "supply temperature" and the aforementioned "return temperature". Heat transfer that cools the liquid-liquid phase transition liquid from the "return temperature" to the "supply temperature". The amount of heat transferred per 1 kg of liquid is at least 30% more than when the heat transfer liquid is water. Higher cooling method.

[0234] A heating method comprising a refrigeration cycle and a liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid, The refrigeration cycle heats the liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid, The heating step brings the liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid from the "return temperature" to the "forward temperature". Including a heating step, The aforementioned "outbound temperature" is higher than the aforementioned "return temperature". A temperature difference exists between the aforementioned "supply temperature" and the aforementioned "return temperature". Heat transfer is used to heat the liquid-liquid phase transition liquid from the "return temperature" to the "forward temperature". The amount of heat transferred per 1 kg of liquid is at least 1. A heating method that is three times more expensive.

[0235] A heating method comprising a refrigeration cycle and a liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid, The refrigeration cycle heats the liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid, The heating step brings the liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid from the "return temperature" to the "forward temperature". Including a heating step, The aforementioned "outbound temperature" is higher than the aforementioned "return temperature". A temperature difference exists between the aforementioned "supply temperature" and the aforementioned "return temperature". Heat transfer is used to heat the liquid-liquid phase transition liquid from the "return temperature" to the "forward temperature". The amount of heat transferred per 1 kg of liquid is at least 30% more than when the heat transfer liquid is water. Higher heating method.

[0236] Exemplary exemplary embodiment: A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising two or more reagent solutions, The aforementioned solution has a phase transition peak enthalpy at a temperature different from the initial cloud point temperature. The initial cloud point temperature is involved in the temperature at which a solution increases in particle number in response to temperature changes. A liquid-liquid phase transition composition.

[0237] A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising two or more reagent solutions, The solution has a phase transition peak enthalpy at a temperature different from the cloud point temperature, and undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition. composition.

[0238] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution containing two or more reagent solutions, At least one reagent contains water, It further contains one or more other reagents, The aforementioned solution has a phase transition peak enthalpy at a temperature different from the initial cloud point temperature, liquid-liquid Phase transition solution.

[0239] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution containing two or more reagent solutions, The aforementioned solution has a phase transition peak enthalpy at a temperature different from the initial cloud point temperature. The aforementioned solution is a multi-liquid phase solution whose peak enthalpy is below the phase transition temperature, and the phase transition temperature A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that may contain a multi-liquid phase solution with a peak enthalpy exceeding a certain degree.

[0240] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution containing two or more liquid phases, The two or more liquid phases undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition to two or more different liquid phases. A liquid-liquid phase transition solution in which the aforementioned phase transition has a phase transition enthalpy.

[0241] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution containing two or more liquid phases, The two or more liquid phases undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition to two or more different liquid phases. The aforementioned phase transition is a liquid-liquid phase transition having a phase transition enthalpy of more than 5 kJ per 1 kg of solution. solution.

[0242] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition either absorbs or releases heat, or exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another, the absorption The heat generated, or the heat released, or at least 90% of the phase transition enthalpy is generated. Liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0243] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another multi-liquid phase solution, the above A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least 90% of the phase transition enthalpy occurs.

[0244] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another multi-liquid phase solution, the above A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least 90% of the phase transition enthalpy occurs.

[0245] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another multi-liquid phase solution, the above A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least 80% of the phase transition enthalpy occurs.

[0246] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another multi-liquid phase solution, the above A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least 70% of the phase transition enthalpy occurs.

[0247] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another multi-liquid phase solution, the above A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least 60% of the phase transition enthalpy occurs.

[0248] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another multi-liquid phase solution, the above A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least 50% of the phase transition enthalpy occurs.

[0249] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another multi-liquid phase solution, the above A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least 40% of the phase transition enthalpy occurs.

[0250] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another multi-liquid phase solution, the above A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least 30% of the phase transition enthalpy occurs.

[0251] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another multi-liquid phase solution, the above A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least 20% of the phase transition enthalpy occurs.

[0252] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition within a certain temperature range, , The aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy. When a liquid-liquid phase transition solution undergoes a phase transition from one multi-liquid phase solution to another multi-liquid phase solution, the above A liquid-liquid phase transition in which at least 10% of the phase transition enthalpy occurs.

[0253] It is a liquid-liquid phase transition: From a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases And a liquid phase transition occurs, The aforementioned phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity of more than 4.5 J / g°C over a temperature range of 10°K. Liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0254] It is a liquid-liquid phase transition: From a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases And a liquid phase transition occurs, The aforementioned phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity of more than 5 J / g°C over a temperature range of 10°K. Liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0255] It is a liquid-liquid phase transition: From a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases And a liquid phase transition occurs, The aforementioned phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity of more than 5 J / g°C over a temperature range of 8°K, - Liquid phase transition.

[0256] It is a liquid-liquid phase transition: From a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases And a liquid phase transition occurs, The aforementioned phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity of more than 5.5 J / g°C over a temperature range of 10°K. Liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0257] It is a liquid-liquid phase transition: From a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases And a liquid phase transition occurs, The aforementioned phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity of more than 5.8 J / g°C over a temperature range of 10°K. Liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0258] It is a liquid-liquid phase transition: From a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases And a liquid phase transition occurs, The aforementioned phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity of more than 6 J / g°C over a temperature range of 10°K. Liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0259] It is a liquid-liquid phase transition: From a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases And a liquid phase transition occurs, The aforementioned phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity of more than 6 J / g°C over a temperature range of 5°K, - Liquid phase transition.

[0260] It is a liquid-liquid phase transition: From a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases And a liquid phase transition occurs, The phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity of more than 5 J / g°C over a temperature range of 5°K, - Liquid phase transition.

[0261] It is a liquid-liquid phase transition: From a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases And a liquid phase transition occurs, The phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity greater than _J / g°C over a temperature range of _°K, - Liquid phase transition.

[0262] Exemplary Model Embodiment 1: Glycol ether solvent, and Polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, PEG-PPG-PEG, PEG -PEG-PPG, PPG-PEG-PEG, PPG-PPG-PEG, PPG-PEG - A polymer having blocks of PPG, PPG-PPG-PEG, PEG, and PPG. PEG and polymers having at least one ether group, PPG and at least one Polymers having a number of ether groups, or combinations thereof, and A liquid-liquid phase transition composition containing water, The phase transition enthalpy is 30% higher than the heat capacity of water over a temperature range of at least 3°K. A liquid-liquid phase transition composition.

[0263] Exemplary Model Embodiment 2: It is a liquid-liquid phase transition: From a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases And a liquid phase transition occurs, The aforementioned phase transition has a phase transition enthalpy that occurs over a temperature range exceeding 2°K. The aforementioned phase transition occurs over a temperature range of at least 8-10°C and 9-11°C, liquid- Liquid phase transition.

[0264] ●1. A liquid-liquid phase transition method, ○ A step of forming a composition containing glycol polymer and water, ○ The composition undergoes a phase transition at a temperature above its cloud point to form at least two liquid phases. Including the process, ○The first liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt% water, ○The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, ○(1) The second liquid phase containing glycol polymer is 50 watts according to ASTM D1122. It has a density lower than the density of a liquid phase containing more than t% water. (2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy was measured by a calorimeter and was 5 kJ per kg. A liquid-liquid phase transition method.

[0265] ●2. The glycol polymer comprises polypropylene glycol, as in Exemplary Embodiment 1. method.

[0266] ●3. Exemplary Embodiment 1, in which the glycol polymer contains polyethylene glycol Law.

[0267] ●4. The method of Exemplary Embodiment 1, wherein the glycol polymer comprises a block copolymer.

[0268] ●5. The block copolymer is PEG-Ran-PG or PPG-PEG-PP G, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PE G-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PE Method of Exemplary Embodiment 4, selected from G, or any combination thereof.

[0269] ●6. The glycol polymer has an average number of molecules between 1,000 and 3,000. The method of exemplary embodiment 1.

[0270] ●7. An example of a second phase containing a glycol polymer, further containing glycol ρ. The method of Embodiment 1.

[0271] ●8. The glycol ether is an alkylene glycol alkyl ether, diary ylene glycol alkyl ether, trial chloroylene glycol alkyl ether, alkyl Selected from ylene glycol dialkyl or any combination thereof, the alkyl is The method of exemplary embodiment 7, wherein the alkyl group is C1-C6.

[0272] ●9. The method of exemplary embodiment 7, wherein the cloud point includes a combination of cloud points.

[0273] ●10. ○ Number-average molecules of 3,000 or less, comprising approximately 1 to 80 weight percent of the total composition. A glycol polymer having a certain amount, ○A glycol polymer composition containing approximately 1 to 99 weight percent water in the total composition. hand, ○When the composition exceeds a certain level, a liquid phase containing glycol polymer is formed due to a liquid-liquid phase transition. (1) The density of the formed liquid phase is less than 1 gram per 1 mL. , (2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy was measured by a calorimeter and was 5 kJ per kg. A glycol polymer composition. 11. Approximately 0.25 to 30 parts by weight of the total composition. Exemplary implementation further comprises Cent's organic reagent having a density of less than 1 g / mL at 10°C. A composition of state 10.

[0274] ●12. (1) The organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water without glycol polymer, (2) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water without the use of organic reagents, as an exemplary example. The composition of the application form 11.

[0275] ●13. A composition of exemplary embodiment 12, wherein (1) and (2) are at different temperatures.

[0276] ●14. Exemplary embodiments in which the organic reagent and glycol polymer exhibit a combined cloud point. Composition of form 11.

[0277] ●15. (1) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water without the use of organic reagents. (2) The composition has a combined cloud point, and (3) the temperature of "(1)" is the temperature of "(2)". The composition of exemplary embodiment 11 differs by more than + / - 0.3 degrees K.

[0278] ●16.(1) The organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water without glycol polymer, (2) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water without the use of organic reagents, (3) the The composition has a combined cloud point, and (4) the temperature of "(3)" is also the temperature of "(1)". A composition of exemplary embodiment 11, which is different from (2) or both.

[0279] ●17.●Approximately 1 to approximately 80% by weight of the total composition, 2,000 or more and 3,000 At least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of 0 or less, ●A glycol polymer composition containing approximately 1 to 99 weight percent water in the total composition. That is, ●(1) The composition is defined to be determined by the number of particles per 1 mL of the composition. The solution contains a single liquid-phase combination solution obtained at a temperature below 5°C, and the number of particles per 1 mL of the composition At temperatures below 5°C, the measurement by laser particle counting was less than 150. ●(2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy was measured by a calorimeter and was 5k per kg. A glycol polymer composition exceeding J.

[0280] ●18. Exemplary, further containing approximately 0.5 to 50 weight percent glycol ether. The composition of Embodiment 17.

[0281] ●19. A liquid-liquid phase transition method, wherein: ○Form a composition containing a glycol polymer having an average molecular weight of 1000 or more and water. The process, ○Includes a step of causing the composition to undergo a phase transition to at least two liquid phases, ○The first liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt% water, ○ The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases is a glyco having an average number of molecules of 1000 or more. Contains a polymer, ○The second liquid phase containing glycol polymer has a dynamic viscosity of less than 100 cP at 25°C. The viscosity is measured using a viscometer in the second liquid phase, which acts as a non-contact separating phase. ○ The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy was measured using a calorimeter and was found to be 5 kJ per 1 kg of composition. A liquid-liquid phase transition method.

[0282] ●20. The method of exemplary embodiment 19, wherein the second liquid phase further comprises a density-reducing reagent.

[0283] ●21. The method of exemplary embodiment 19, wherein the second liquid phase further comprises a density-enhancing reagent.

[0284] ●22. The method of exemplary embodiment 19, wherein the second liquid phase further comprises a viscosity-reducing agent.

[0285] ●23. The method of Exemplary Embodiment 19, wherein the second liquid phase further comprises a glycol ether. .

[0286] ●24. Examples of glycol ethers and glycol polymers having a combined cloud point. The method of embodiment 23.

[0287] ●25. The glycol polymer is less than the total weight of the second liquid phase relative to the total weight of the second phase. The method of exemplary embodiment 19, which also constitutes 50 wt.%.

[0288] ●26. The glycol polymer is less than the total weight of the second liquid phase relative to the total weight of the second phase. The method of exemplary embodiment 19, which also constitutes 80 wt.%.

[0289] ●27. The second liquid phase contains less than 20 wt.% of the aqueous phase relative to the total weight of the second phase. The method of exemplary embodiment 19.

[0290] ●28. The method of exemplary embodiment 19, wherein the cloud point temperature of the composition is greater than 25°C.

[0291] ●29. The method of exemplary embodiment 19, wherein the cloud point temperature of the composition is less than 25°C.

[0292] ●1. A liquid-liquid phase transition method, which includes: ● A step of forming a composition containing glycol polymer and water, ● The composition undergoes a phase transition at a temperature above its cloud point to form at least two liquid phases. In this process, the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is measured by a calorimeter and is 5k per kg. It exceeds J, including the process, ● The first liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt.% water, ● The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains a glycol polymer, ●(1) The second liquid phase containing glycol polymer is 50 watts according to ASTM D1122. It has a density lower than the density of a liquid phase containing more than t% water, or ●(2) The second liquid phase containing glycol polymer has a viscosity of less than 100 cP at 25°C. The viscosity is measured using a viscometer in the second liquid phase as a non-contact separating phase, or teeth ●(3) A liquid-liquid phase transition method that is both (1) and (2).

[0293] ●

[0294] ●2. The glycol polymer has an average number of molecules of 1,000 or more and 3,000 or less. The method of exemplary embodiment 1.

[0295] ●

[0296] ●3. Exemplary Embodiment 1, in which the glycol polymer contains polypropylene glycol. Or the method of exemplary embodiment 2.

[0297] ●4. Exemplary Embodiment 1 or the glycol polymer contains polyethylene glycol. This is the method of exemplary embodiment 2.

[0298] ●5. Glycol polymer is PEG-Ran-PG or PPG-PEG-PP G, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PE G-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PE Exemplary block copolymers comprising G, or any combination thereof. The method of Embodiment 1 or Exemplary Embodiment 2.

[0299] ●6. The second liquid phase containing glycol polymer is alkylene glycol alkyl ether Dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, Trialkylene glycol alkyl ether Selected from tel, alkylene glycol dialkyl, or any combination thereof The glycol ether further comprises an exemplary embodiment in which the alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl group. The method of embodiment 1 or exemplary embodiment 2.

[0300] ●7. The phase transition temperature includes the combined cloud point in Exemplary Embodiment 1 or Exemplary Embodiment 2. method.

[0301] ●8. The second liquid phase is a density-reducing reagent, a density-enhancing reagent, a viscosity-reducing reagent, or a mixture thereof. The method of Exemplary Embodiment 1 or Exemplary Embodiment 2 further includes any combination of the above.

[0302] ●9. The glycol polymer is at least the weight of the second liquid phase relative to the total weight of the second phase. The second liquid phase constitutes 80 wt.%, and the second liquid phase accounts for less than 20 wt.% of the total weight of the second phase. A method of exemplary embodiment 1 or exemplary embodiment 2, comprising an aqueous phase.

[0303] ●10. ○ Number-average molecules of 3,000 or less, comprising approximately 1 to 80 weight percent of the total composition. A glycol polymer having a certain amount, ○A glycol polymer composition containing approximately 1 to 99 percent by weight of water in the total composition. That is, ○When the composition exceeds a certain level, a liquid phase containing glycol polymer is formed due to a liquid-liquid phase transition. (1) The density of the formed liquid phase is less than 1 gram per 1 mL. , ●(2) When the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is measured by a calorimeter and exceeds 5 kJ per 1 kg A glycol polymer composition.

[0304] ●11. Exemplary embodiments in which the glycol polymer has a number average molecular weight of 1000 or more A composition of state 10.

[0305] ●12. Approximately 0.25 to 30 weight percent of the total composition, less than 1 g / mL at 10°C. (1) The organic reagent further comprises having a density of the above, and (2) the organic reagent is free of glycol polymers. (2) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water, and without organic reagents, Examples of temperatures having a cloud point temperature, where (1) and (2) are more than + / - 0.3 degrees K different. A composition of the exemplary embodiment 10 or the exemplary embodiment 11.

[0306] ●13. Exemplary embodiments in which the organic reagent and glycol polymer exhibit a combined cloud point. A composition of form 10 or 11.

[0307] ●14. Approximately 0.5 to 50 weight percent of alkylene glycol alkyl ether , dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, trialkylene glycol alkyl ether Selected from 140, alkylene glycol dialkyl, or any combination thereof. Exemplary embodiments further comprising glycol ethers, wherein the alkyl group is C1-C6 alkyl. A composition of form 10 or exemplary embodiment 11.

[0308] ●15. Glycol polymer is PEG-Ran-PG or PPG-PEG-P PG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or P EG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-P Examples include block copolymers selected from EG or any combination thereof. A composition of embodiment 10 or exemplary embodiment 11.

[0309] Note ●Note: Phase transition enthalpy is the temperature range of one or more liquid-liquid phase transitions, or These combinations can be driven by the enthalpy of hydration or dehydration. A potentially useful indicator or property of high enthalpy is that after or at the end of the liquid-liquid phase transition. Low in non-aqueous reagents(s) or organic substances(s) that can separate or undergo phase separation. This may include, but is not limited to, water concentrations. For example, in the liquid phase of a primarily non-aqueous reagent. Low water concentrations are less than 70 wt% H2O, or less than 65 wt% H2O, or 60 wt% H2O. Less than t% H2O, or less than 55 wt% H2O, or less than 50 wt% H2O, or less than 45 wt% H2O, or less than 40 wt% H2O, or 35 wt% H2 Less than 0, or less than 30 wt% H2O, or less than 25 wt% H2O, or 20 wt% Less than t% H2O, or less than 15 wt% H2O, or less than 10 wt% H2O, It may contain one or more or a combination thereof less than 5 wt% H2O, however These are not the only options.

[0310] ●Note: A “different multi-liquid” phase solution is a liquid containing reagents in different ratios from another liquid-liquid phase transition solution. It may contain a multi-phase solution having phases. Comparing the total multi-phase solution of the whole composition, the total liquid When considering the amount of reagent in each phase, it may be the same. However, if each of the constituent liquid phases The concentration, distribution, or ratio of the reagent, or the level of hydration of the reagent, or its form, Or, the combinations of those may differ.

[0311] ●Note: The effective specific heat capacity of the liquid-liquid phase transition solutions described herein is 3.5 J. / g℃, 3.6J / g℃, 3.7J / g℃, 3.8J / g℃, 3.9J / g℃, 4.0J / g℃, 4.1J / g℃, 4.2J / g℃, 4.3J / g℃, 4.4J / g℃, 4.5J / g℃, 4.6J / g℃, 4.7J / g℃, 4.8J / g℃, 4.9J / g℃, 5.0J / g℃, 5.1J / g℃, 5.2J / g℃, 5.3J / g℃, 5.4J / g℃, 5.5J / g℃, 5.6J / g℃, 5.7J / g℃, 5.8J / g℃, 5.9J / g℃, 6.0J / g℃, 6.1J / g℃, 6.2J / g℃, 6.3J / g℃, 6.4J / g℃, 6.5J / g℃, 6.6J / g℃, 6.7J / g℃, 6.8J / g℃, 6.9J / g℃, 7.0J / g℃, 7.1J / g℃, 7.2J / g℃, 7.3J / g℃, 7.4J / g℃, 7.5J / g℃, 7.6J / g℃, 7.7J / g℃, 7.8J / g℃, 7.9J / g℃, 8.0J / g℃, 8.1J / g℃, 8.2J / g℃, 8.3J / g℃, 8.4J / g℃, 8.5J / g℃, 8.6J / g℃, 8.7J / g℃, 8.8J / g℃, 8.9J / g℃, 9.0J / g℃, 9.1J / g℃, 9.2J / g℃, 9.3J / g℃, 9.4J / g℃, 9.5J / g℃, 9.6J / g℃, 9.7J / g℃, 9.8J / g℃, 9.9J / g℃, 10J / g℃, 10.5J / g℃, 11J / g℃, 11.5J / g℃, 12J / g℃, 12.5J / g℃, 13J / g℃, 13.5J / g℃, 14J / g℃, 14.5J / g℃, 15J / g℃, 16J / g℃, 17J / g℃, 18J / g℃, 19J / g℃, 20J / g℃, 25 J / g℃, 30J / g℃, 35J / g℃, 40J / g℃, 45J / g℃, 50J / g℃, 55J / g℃, 60J / g℃, 65J / g℃, 70J / g℃, 75J / g℃, 80J / g ℃, 85J / g℃, 90J / g℃, 95J / g℃, 100J / g℃, 150J / g℃, 2 Including, but not limited to, 00 J / g℃, one or more, or combination thereof. It can be greater than, less than, or equal to.

[0312] ●Note: The effective specific heat capacity of liquid-liquid phase transition solutions is 0.5°K, 1°K, 1.5°K, 2 °K, 3°K, 3.5°K, 4°K, 4.5°K, 5°K, 5.5°K, 6°K, 6.5 °K, 7°K, 7.5°K, 8°K, 8.5°K, 9°K, 9.5°K, 10°K, 10 .5°K, 11°K, 11.5°K, 12°K, 13°K, 14°K, 15°K, 16° K, 17°K, 18°K, 19°K, 20°K, 25°K, 30°K, 35°K, 40° Including, but not limited to, K, 45°K, and 50°K, one or more, or so Water over a temperature range or temperature difference greater than, less than, or equal to these combinations. It can exceed the specific heat capacity.

[0313] ●Note: The effective specific heat capacity of liquid-liquid phase transition solutions is 0.5°K, 1°K, 1.5°K, 2 °K, 3°K, 3.5°K, 4°K, 4.5°K, 5°K, 5.5°K, 6°K, 6.5 °K, 7°K, 7.5°K, 8°K, 8.5°K, 9°K, 9.5°K, 10°K, 10 .5°K, 11°K, 11.5°K, 12°K, 13°K, 14°K, 15°K, 16° K, 17°K, 18°K, 19°K, 20°K, 25°K, 30°K, 35°K, 40° Including, but not limited to, K, 45°K, and 50°K, one or more, or so Melts over a temperature range or temperature difference greater than, less than, or equal to these combinations. It can exceed the baseline specific heat capacity of the liquid.

[0314] ●Note: The effective specific heat capacity of a liquid-liquid phase transition solution is 0.5°K, or 1°K, or 1 0.5°K, or 2°K, or 3°K, or 3.5°K, or 4°K, or 4. 5°K, or 5°K, or 5.5°K, or 6°K, or 6.5°K, or 7 °K, or 7.5°K, or 8°K, or 8.5°K, or 9°K, or 9. 5°K, or 10°K, or 10.5°K, or 11°K, or 11.5°K, Or 12°K, or 13°K, or 14°K, or 15°K, or 16°K, Or 17°K, or 18°K, or 19°K, or 20°K, or 25°K, Or 30°K, or 35°K, or 40°K, or 45°K, or 50°K This includes, but is not limited to, one or more, or a combination thereof. 3.5 J / g°C, 3.6 J / g℃, 3.7 J / g℃, 3.8 J / g℃, or 3.9 J / g℃, or 4.0 J / g℃ , or 4.1 J / g℃, or 4.2 J / g℃, or 4.3 J / g℃, or 4.4 J / g℃, or 4.5J / g℃, or 4.6J / g℃, or 4.7J / g℃, or This is 4.8 J / g°C, or 4.9 J / g°C, or 5.0 J / g°C, or 5.1 J / g °C, or 5.2 J / g °C, or 5.3 J / g °C, or 5.4 J / g °C, or 5. 5 J / g℃, or 5.6 J / g℃, or 5.7 J / g℃, or 5.8 J / g℃, or 5.9 J / g℃, or 6.0 J / g℃, or 6.1 J / g℃, or 6.2 J / g℃, or 6.3 J / g℃, or 6.4 J / g℃, or 6.5 J / g℃, or 6 0.6 J / g℃, or 6.7 J / g℃, or 6.8 J / g℃, or 6.9 J / g℃, Or 7.0 J / g℃, or 7.1 J / g℃, or 7.2 J / g℃, or 7.3 J / g℃, or 7.4J / g℃, or 7.5J / g℃, or 7.6J / g℃, or 7.7 J / g℃, or 7.8 J / g℃, or 7.9 J / g℃, or 8.0 J / g℃ It can exceed the specific heat capacity.

[0315] ●Note: Liquid-liquid phase transition promoting reagents or salting-out reagents enable liquid-liquid phase transitions, salts or inorganic substances that can improve one or more properties, or a combination thereof. This may include, but is not limited to, substances, organic matter, or other reagents. The aforementioned properties are: Liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range, liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, composition of the constituent liquid phase, mainly non-aqueous liquid phase Water concentration, residual non-aqueous reagent concentration mainly in the aqueous liquid phase, liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy Toxicity, volatility, flammability, cost, corrosion inhibitor, degradation inhibitor, scale inhibitor, antifouling agent, Anti-biofoulants, oxygen absorbers, pH buffers, density, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, Surface tension, self-attraction forces, repulsive force, cohesiveness, viscosity, or the same This may include, but is not limited to, combinations of these.

[0316] ●Note: Liquid-liquid phase separation promoting reagents have the property of enabling or promoting liquid-liquid phase separation. One or more of these, or a combination thereof, may be salts, inorganic substances, or organic substances that can improve the composition. This may include, but is not limited to, substances or other reagents. The properties mentioned above include density, hydrophobicity, This may include hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting force, repulsive force, cohesiveness, viscosity, or a combination thereof. However, it is not limited to those.

[0317] ●Note: Properties favorable to liquid-liquid phase transitions include the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range and the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. Composition of the constituent liquid phase, water concentration mainly in the non-aqueous liquid phase, residue mainly in the aqueous liquid phase Non-aqueous reagent concentration, liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, toxicity, volatility, flammability, cost, corrosion prevention. Agents, degradation inhibitors, scale inhibitors, antifouling agents, antibacterial agents, oxygen absorbers, pH buffers, dense Degree, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting force, repulsive force, cohesiveness, viscosity, density, inter-liquid phase density Degree difference, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting force, repulsive force, cohesiveness, viscosity, or any of these This may include, but is not limited to, one or more properties of a combination, or a combination thereof. I can't.

[0318] ●Note: Liquid-liquid phase transition promoting reagent or liquid-liquid phase transition separation promoting reagent or salting-out reagent or Phase transition temperature adjustment reagents are one or more reagents that enable or accelerate the liquid-liquid phase transition. Salts, inorganic substances, organic substances, or others that can improve the properties of or combinations thereof. The reagents may include, but are not limited to, the following properties: liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range, liquid- Liquid phase transition temperature, composition of the constituent liquid phase, water concentration mainly in the non-aqueous liquid phase, mainly aqueous liquid Residual non-aqueous reagent concentration in the phase, liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, toxicity, volatility, flammability, Stain remover, corrosion inhibitor, decomposition inhibitor, scale inhibitor, antifouling agent, antifouling agent, oxygen absorber, pH buffer, density, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting force, repulsive force, cohesiveness, viscosity, This may include, but is not limited to, combinations thereof.

[0319] ●Note: Liquid-liquid phase separation promoting reagent or liquid-liquid phase transition promoting reagent or salting-out reagent or phase transition The temperature transfer reagent has one or more properties that enable or promote liquid-liquid phase separation. Salts, inorganic or organic substances, or other materials that can improve the number, or combination thereof. This may include, but is not limited to, drugs. The aforementioned properties include density, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, and surface tension. This may include, but is not limited to, self-attracting force, repulsive force, cohesiveness, viscosity, or combinations thereof. It is not determined.

[0320] ●Note: Dextrose, maltodextrin, water-soluble sugars, and many water-soluble sugar substitutes It is an effective substitute for salt or an additive to salt for adjusting the temperature of the liquid-liquid phase transition or for "salting out". It is identified as an object.

[0321] ●Note: LCST: When changing from two liquid phases to a single liquid phase, an exothermic phase transition is performed. When changing from a single liquid phase to two liquid phases, the liquid composition undergoes an endothermic phase transition. Sometimes.

[0322] ●Note: UCST: When changing from a single liquid phase to two liquid phases, an exothermic phase transition is performed. When changing from two liquid phases to a single liquid phase, the liquid composition undergoing an endothermic phase transition is involved. Sometimes.

[0323] ●Note: "Salting-out" reagents may contain salts, organic substances, or combinations thereof. It is sometimes referred to as a transition temperature adjustment reagent. Examples of desirable properties of salts are: • Lower the phase transition temperature or salt out the organic composition with a minimum salt concentration or osmotic pressure. The ability to do • Insoluble, minimally soluble, partially soluble, or otherwise in an organic liquid phase. These combinations, • Ratio of adjusting the phase transition temperature to the salt concentration or osmotic pressure of the salt in the solution. • When the liquid-liquid phase transition is driven by "salting out" or by adjusting the phase transition temperature, the phase of the composition Transfer enthalpy, • Concentration of residual organic reagents in the aqueous liquid phase after "salting out" and / or liquid-liquid phase transition. • Chemical compatibility of this method with other reagents and / or materials and / or equipment. This may include, but is not limited to, one or more genders, or combinations thereof.

[0324] Examples of organic substances used to prepare the liquid-liquid phase transition as salt supplements or substitutes are desired. The desirable characteristic is, • Lower the phase transition temperature, or use a minimal amount of salting-out reagent or phase transition temperature adjustment reagent. The ability to salt out organic compositions based on concentration or osmotic pressure. • Primarily insoluble, minimally soluble, or partially soluble in organic liquid phases. or a combination thereof, • The concentration of the "salting out" reagent or the phase transition temperature adjustment reagent in the solution, or the "salting out" reagent itself. Alternatively, the ratio of the phase transition temperature adjustment reagent concentration to the osmotic pressure. • Liquid-liquid phase transition occurs when the "salting-out reagent" or phase transition temperature adjustment reagent is used to perform "salting-out". Or, the phase transition enthalpy of the composition when driven by adjusting the phase transition temperature. • Concentration of residual organic reagents in the aqueous liquid phase after "salting out" and / or liquid-liquid phase transition • Chemical compatibility of this method with other reagents and / or materials and / or equipment. It may include, but is not limited to, sex.

[0325] ●Note: If sugar or other biologically digestible reagents are used, biofouling or biological contamination may occur. Introducing biocides can be important to prevent physical degradation. For example, biocides The agents may include, but are not limited to, biocides known in the industry for liquid-phase applications. For example, In other words, biocides are chlorine, or bromine, or enzymes, or chlorates, or buri - or ammonia, or hydrogen sulfide, or carbon dioxide, or oxygen absorber , or a salt, or an acid, or a base, or one or more combinations thereof, This may include, but is not limited to, combinations thereof.

[0326] ●Note: Organic reagents may include one or more of the following, or a combination thereof, Not limited to those: ○Glycol hydroxy ○This may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following, or any combination thereof. Glycol ether polymer: • Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether • Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ○ Glycol polymer • Polypropylene glycol • Polyethylene glycol • Polymers combining PEG and PPG ●PEG-PPG-PEG ●PPG-PEG-PPG ● "Rand" polymer ○Polyol polymers ○ Ionic liquids ○ Reagents that utilize liquid-liquid phase transition in water ○ Reagents that utilize liquid-liquid phase transitions in a solvent ○ Ethers, glycol ethers, esters, alcohols, aldehydes, 2-butoxyesters Tyl, propylene glycol propyl ether, dipropylene glycol butyl ether ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether, dipropylene, glycol dimethyl ether ether, propylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol phenyl ether, Tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether Tel, propylene glycol n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-propyl Ether, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl Ether acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, tripropylene Glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glyco methyl ether, ethylene glycol diacetate, ethylene glycol n-butyl Ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono-n- Butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, triethylene glycol monomer Tyl ether, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, Dimethyl carbonate, diethylene glycol hexyl ether.

[0327] ●Note: Organic reagents include polyglycol, polyether, or poly(alkylene) Oxides, or propylene glycol, or ethylene glycol, or polymers , or glycol, or ionic liquid, or polyethylene glycol ether, also is polypropylene glycol ether, or glycol ether, or polyol, or ether, or propylene carbonate, or ethylene carbonate, ethylene glycol mono Methyl ether (2-methoxyethanol, CH3OCH2CH2OH), or ethyl ether Glycol monoethyl ether (2-ethoxyethanol, CH3CH2OCH2CH 2OH), or ethylene glycol monopropyl ether (2-propoxyethanol) , CH3CH2CH2OCH2CH2OH, or ethylene glycol monoisopropyl Luether (2-isopropoxyethanol, (CH3)2CHOCH2CH2OH), Or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol, CH3CH2 CH2CH2OCH2CH2OH), or ethylene glycol monophenyl ether ( 2-Phenoxyethanol (C6H5OCH2CH2OH), or ethylene glycol Monobenzyl ether (2-benzyloxyethanol, C6H5CH2OCH2CH2) OH), propylene glycol methyl ether, (1-methoxy-2-propanol, C H3OCH2CH(OH)CH3), or diethylene glycol monomethyl ether ( 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol, methyl carbitol, CH3OCH2CH2 OCH2CH2OH), or diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (2-(2-E Toxiethoxyethanol, carbitol cellosolve, or CH3CH2OCH2C H2OCH2CH2OH)diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether (2-(2- Butoxyethoxyethanol, Butylcarbitol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH 2CH2OCH2CH2OH), or dipropylene glycol methyl ether C12~ 15 Pareth-12, or ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (dimethoxyethane, C H3OCH2CH2OCH3), or ethylene glycol diethyl ether (diethoxy Cyethane (CH3CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH3), or ethylene glycol Butyl ether (dibutoxyethane, CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2 CH2CH2CH3), or ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate (acetic acid 2- Methoxyethyl (CH3OCH2CH2OCOCH3), or ethylene glycol mono Ethyl ether acetate (2-ethoxyethyl acetate, CH3CH2OCH2CH2OC) OCH3), or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate (2-butoxy acetate) Cethyl acetate (CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2OCOCH3), or propyl acetate Lenglycol methyl ether (1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate), or Ethylene glycol polymer-bonded, or poly(ethylene glycol)bis(3-methyl (Sulfinyl)propionate polymer-bonded, or poly(propylene glycol) , or triylene 2,4-diisocyanate terminus, or dimethyl ether CH3-O- CH3, or diethyl ether CH3CH2-O-CH2CH3, or tetrahydro Furan O(CH2)4, or dioxane O(C2H4)2O, or fluorinated carbon compounds , or halogenated carbon compounds, or diethylene glycol hexyl ether, ethyl Propylene glycol, glycerol, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, Pylene glycol propyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether, or 2-Butoxyethanol, or propylene glycol propyl ether, or diethyl Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, This is dipropylene glycol butyl ether, or tripropylene glycol butyl ether Tel, or dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether, or propylene glycol Butyl ether, or dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, alkylene glyco Alkyl alkyl ether, dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, trialkylene glycol Alkyl alkyl ether, alkylene glycol dialkyl ether, 2,2,4-tri Methyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate, or 3-ethoxypropion Ethyl acid esters, or alkylphenol polyethers, or branched secondary alcohols Polyether, or diethylene glycol ether, or diethylene glycol Ethyl ether, or diethylene glycol hexyl ether, or diethylene glycol Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, or diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, or di Ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, or diethylene glycol monomethyl ether ether, or diethylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether, or diethylene glycol Mono-N-butyl ether acetate, or diethylene glycol N-butyl ether , or diethylene glycol N-butyl ether acetate, or diethylene glycol Dioctylphenyl ether, or diisobutyl ketone, or dioctyl sulfosuccinate Dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, or dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether Dipropyl ether, or dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, or dipro Pyrene glycol monomethyl ether, or dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether Luacetate, or dipropylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether, or dipropyl ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, or dipropylene glycol N-butyl ether or dipropylene glycol N-propyl ether or dipropylene glycol Polyphenyl ether, or Eo / Po block polyether, or ethylene glyco Monophenyl ether, or ethylene glycol hexyl ether, or ethylene Glycol isopropyl ether, or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, This is ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, or ethylene glycol monohexyl ether Tel, or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, or ethylene glycol monoN -Butyl ether, or ethylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether acetate, This is ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, or ethylene glycol N-butyl ether Tel, or ethylene glycol N-butyl ether acetate, or ethylene glyco ethylphenyl ether, or ethylene glycol propyl ether, or glycol Ether coarescent, or heptaoxyethylene dodecyl ether, or mono- diethylene glycol phenyl ether, or natural vegetable oil polyether, or pro N-butyl pionate, or N-pentyl propionate, or poly(oxy-1,2- Ethanediyl, alpha-phenyl-omega-hydroxy, or propylene glycol Diacetate, or propylene glycol methyl ether, or propylene glyco Polymethyl ether acetate, or propylene glycol monomethyl ether, This is propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, or propylene glycol mo No-N-butyl ether, or propylene glycol mono-N-propyl ether, Propylene glycol monopropyl ether, or propylene glycol N-butyl ether propyl ether, or propylene glycol N-propyl ether, or propylene glycol Triphenyl ether, or triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or trip Polypropylene glycol methyl ether, or tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether L, or one or more tripropylene glycol mono-N-butyl ethers, This may include, but is not limited to, combinations of those combinations.

[0328] ●Note: Alkyl refers to C1-6, or C1-C7, or C1-C8, or C1- Includes C9, or C1-C10, or C1-C5, C1-C4, or C1-C11. obtain.

[0329] ●Note: The number of particles per 1 mL of the composition is below the cloud point temperature, which is 0 or 10. is 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, Or 90, or 100, or 125, or 150, or 175, or 200 , or 225, or 250, or 275, or 300, or 325, or 3 50, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, also 500, or 525, or 550, or 575, or 600, or 625, Or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 77 5, or 800, or 825, or 850, or 875, or 900, or 925, or 950, or 975, or 1000, or 1025, or 105 0, or 1075, or 1100, or 1125, or 1150, or 117 5, or 1200, or 1225, or 1250, or 1275, or 130 0, or 1325, or 1350, or 1375, or 1400, or 142 5, or 1450, or 1475, or 1500, or 1525, or 155 0, or 1575, or 1600, or 1625, or 1650, or 167 5, or 1700, or 1725, or 1750, or 1775, or 180 0, or 1825, or 1850, or 1875, or 1900, or 192 5, or 1950, or 1975, or 2000, or 2025, or 205 0, or 2075, or 2100, or 2125, or 2150, or 217 5, or 2200, or 2225, or 2250, or 2275, or 230 0, or 2325, or 2350, or 2375, or 2400, or 242 5, or 2450, or 2475, or 2500, or 2525, or 255 0, or 2575, or 2600, or 2625, or 2650, or 267 5, or 2700, or 2725, or 2750, or 2775, or 280 0, or 2825, or 2850, or 2875, or 2900, or 292 5, or 2950, ​​or 2975, or 3000, one or more of them, or The number of combinations may be less than, greater than, or equal to.

[0330] ●Note: The number of particles per 1 mL of a single liquid-phase composition in turbulence is 0 or 10. Or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 8 0, or 90, or 100, or 125, or 150, or 175, or 2 00, or 225, or 250, or 275, or 300, or 325, also is 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, Or 500, or 525, or 550, or 575, or 600, or 62 5, or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 775, or 800, or 825, or 850, or 875, or 900, 925, or 950, or 975, or 1000, or 1025, or 1 050, or 1075, or 1100, or 1125, or 1150, or 1 175, or 1200, or 1225, or 1250, or 1275, or 1 300, or 1325, or 1350, or 1375, or 1400, or 1 425, or 1450, or 1475, or 1500, or 1525, or 1 550, or 1575, or 1600, or 1625, or 1650, or 1 675, or 1700, or 1725, or 1750, or 1775, or 1 800, or 1825, or 1850, or 1875, or 1900, or 1 925, or 1950, or 1975, or 2000, or 2025, or 2 050, or 2075, or 2100, or 2125, or 2150, or 2 175, or 2200, or 2225, or 2250, or 2275, or 2 300, or 2325, or 2350, or 2375, or 2400, or 2 425, or 2450, or 2475, or 2500, or 2525, or 2 550, or 2575, or 2600, or 2625, or 2650, or 2 675, or 2700, or 2725, or 2750, or 2775, or 2 800, or 2825, or 2850, or 2875, or 2900, or 2 925, or 2950, ​​or 2975, or 3000, one or more of these, The following combinations are possible:

[0331] ●Note: The number of particles per 1 mL of a multi-liquid phase composition in turbulence is 0 or 10. or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80 , or 90, or 100, or 125, or 150, or 175, or 20 0, or 225, or 250, or 275, or 300, or 325, or 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, 500, or 525, or 550, or 575, or 600, or 625 , or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 7 75, or 800, or 825, or 850, or 875, or 900, also is 925, or 950, or 975, or 1000, or 1025, or 10 50, or 1075, or 1100, or 1125, or 1150, or 11 75, or 1200, or 1225, or 1250, or 1275, or 13 00, or 1325, or 1350, or 1375, or 1400, or 14 25, or 1450, or 1475, or 1500, or 1525, or 15 50, or 1575, or 1600, or 1625, or 1650, or 16 75, or 1700, or 1725, or 1750, or 1775, or 18 00, or 1825, or 1850, or 1875, or 1900, or 19 25, or 1950, or 1975, or 2000, or 2025, or 20 50, or 2075, or 2100, or 2125, or 2150, or 21 75, or 2200, or 2225, or 2250, or 2275, or 23 00, or 2325, or 2350, or 2375, or 2400, or 24 25, or 2450, or 2475, or 2500, or 2525, or 25 50, or 2575, or 2600, or 2625, or 2650, or 26 75, or 2700, or 2725, or 2750, or 2775, or 28 00, or 2825, or 2850, or 2875, or 2900, or 29 25, or 2950, ​​or 2975, or 3000, one or more of these, or It could be even more complex than these combinations.

[0332] ●Note: For compositions exceeding the cloud point temperature, the number of particles per 1 mL is 100 or 125. Or 150, or 175, or 200, or 225, or 250, or 27 5, or 300, or 325, or 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, or 500, or 525, or 550, 575, or 600, or 625, or 650, or 675, or 700 , or 725, or 750, or 775, or 800, or 825, or 8 50, or 875, or 900, or 925, or 950, or 975, also is 1000, or 1025, or 1050, or 1075, or 1100, also is 1125, or 1150, or 1175, or 1200, or 1225, also is 1250, or 1275, or 1300, or 1325, or 1350, also is 1375, or 1400, or 1425, or 1450, or 1475, also 1500, or 1525, or 1550, or 1575, or 1600, also 1625, or 1650, or 1675, or 1700, or 1725, also is 1750, or 1775, or 1800, or 1825, or 1850, also It was 1875, or 1900, or 1925, or 1950, or 1975, also is 2000, or 2025, or 2050, or 2075, or 2100, also is 2125, or 2150, or 2175, or 2200, or 2225, also is 2250, or 2275, or 2300, or 2325, or 2350, also is 2375, or 2400, or 2425, or 2450, or 2475, also is 2500, or 2525, or 2550, or 2575, or 2600, also is 2625, or 2650, or 2675, or 2700, or 2725, also is 2750, or 2775, or 2800, or 2825, or 2850, also is 2875, or 2900, or 2925, or 2950, ​​or 2975, also is less than or greater than one or more of 3000, or any combination thereof. It can be equal to.

[0333] ●Note: The average molecular weight of one or more polymers is 100, or 125, or 1 50, or 175, or 200, or 225, or 250, or 275, and 300, or 325, or 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, Or 450, or 475, or 500, or 525, or 550, or 57 5, or 600, or 625, or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 775, or 800, or 825, or 850, 875, or 900, or 925, or 950, or 975, or 100 0, or 1025, or 1050, or 1075, or 1100, or 112 5, or 1150, or 1175, or 1200, or 1225, or 125 0, or 1275, or 1300, or 1325, or 1350, or 137 5, or 1400, or 1425, or 1450, or 1475, or 150 0, or 1525, or 1550, or 1575, or 1600, or 162 5, or 1650, or 1675, or 1700, or 1725, or 175 0, or 1775, or 1800, or 1825, or 1850, or 187 5, or 1900, or 1925, or 1950, or 1975, or 200 0, or 2025, or 2050, or 2075, or 2100, or 212 5, or 2150, or 2175, or 2200, or 2225, or 225 0, or 2275, or 2300, or 2325, or 2350, or 237 5, or 2400, or 2425, or 2450, or 2475, or 250 0, or 2525, or 2550, or 2575, or 2600, or 262 5, or 2650, or 2675, or 2700, or 2725, or 275 0, or 2775, or 2800, or 2825, or 2850, or 287 5, or 2900, or 2925, or 2950, ​​or 2975, or 300 0, or 3025, or 3050, or 3075, or 3100, or 312 5, or 3150, or 3175, or 3200, or 3225, or 325 0, or 3275, or 3300, or 3325, or 3350, or 337 5, or 3400, or 3425, or 3450, or 3475, or 350 0, or 3525, or 3550, or 3575, or 3600, or 362 5, or 3650, or 3675, or 3700, or 3725, or 375 0, or 3775, or 3800, or 3825, or 3850, or 387 5, or 3900, or 3925, or 3950, or 3975, or 400 0, or 4025, or 4050, or 4075, or 4100, or 412 5, or 4150, or 4175, or 4200, or 4225, or 425 0, or 4275, or 4300, or 4325, or 4350, or 437 5, or 4400, or 4425, or 4450, or 4475, or 450 0, or 4525, or 4550, or 4575, or 4600, or 462 5, or 4650, or 4675, or 4700, or 4725, or 475 0, or 4775, or 4800, or 4825, or 4850, or 487 5, or 4900, or 4925, or 4950, or 4975, or 500 0, or 5025, or 5050, or 5075, or 5100, or 512 5, or 5150, or 5175, or 5200, or 5225, or 525 0, or 5275, or 5300, or 5325, or 5350, or 537 5, or 5400, or 5425, or 5450, or 5475, or 550 0, or 5525, or 5550, or 5575, or 5600, or 562 5, or 5650, or 5675, or 5700, or 5725, or 575 0, or 5775, or 5800, or 5825, or 5850, or 587 5, or 5900, or 5925, or 5950, or 5975, or 600 0, or 6025, or 6050, or 6075, or 6100, or 612 5, or 6150, or 6175, or 6200, or 6225, or 625 0, or 6275, or 6300, or 6325, or 6350, or 637 5, or 6400, or 6425, or 6450, or 6475, or 650 0, or 6525, or 6550, or 6575, or 6600, or 662 5, or 6650, or 6675, or 6700, or 6725, or 675 0, or 6775, or 6800, or 6825, or 6850, or 687 5, or 6900, or 6925, or 6950, or 6975, or 700 0, or 7025, or 7050, or 7075, or 7100, or 712 5, or 7150, or 7175, or 7200, or 7225, or 725 0, or 7275, or 7300, or 7325, or 7350, or 737 5, or 7400, or 7425, or 7450, or 7475, or 750 0, or 7525, or 7550, or 7575, or 7600, or 762 5, or 7650, or 7675, or 7700, or 7725, or 775 0, or 7775, or 7800, or 7825, or 7850, or 787 5, or 7900, or 7925, or 7950, or 7975, or 800 0, or 8025, or 8050, or 8075, or 8100, or 812 5, or 8150, or 8175, or 8200, or 8225, or 825 0, or 8275, or 8300, or 8325, or 8350, or 837 5, or 8400, or 8425, or 8450, or 8475, or 850 0, or 8525, or 8550, or 8575, or 8600, or 862 5, or 8650, or 8675, or 8700, or 8725, or 875 0, or 8775, or 8800, or 8825, or 8850, or 887 5, or 8900, or 8925, or 8950, or 8975, or 900 0, or 9025, or 9050, or 9075, or 9100, or 912 5, or 9150, or 9175, or 9200, or 9225, or 925 0, or 9275, or 9300, or 9325, or 9350, or 937 5, or 9400, or 9425, or 9450, or 9475, or 950 0, or 9525, or 9550, or 9575, or 9600, or 962 5, or 9650, or 9675, or 9700, or 9725, or 975 0, or 9775, or 9800, or 9825, or 9850, or 987 5, or 9900, or 9925, or 9950, or 9975, or 100 00, or 15000, or 20000, or 25000, or 30000, or 35,000, or 40,000, or 45,000, or 50,000, or 55 000, or 60000, or 65000, or 70000, or 75000, or 80000, or 85000, or 90000, or 95000, or 1 It may be one or more 00000, or any combination thereof, less than or greater than those, This includes, but is not limited to, those listed above.

[0334] ●Note: The average molecular weight of one or more reagents is 10, or 15, or 20. is 25, or 30, or 35, or 40, or 45, or 50, or 55 Or 60, or 65, or 70, or 75, or 80, or 85, or 9 0, or 95, or 100, or 125, or 150, or 175, or 2 00, or 225, or 250, or 275, or 300, or 325, also is 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, Or 500, or 525, or 550, or 575, or 600, or 62 5, or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 775, or 800, or 825, or 850, or 875, or 900, 925, or 950, or 975, or 1000, or 1025, or 1 050, or 1075, or 1100, or 1125, or 1150, or 1 175, or 1200, or 1225, or 1250, or 1275, or 1 300, or 1325, or 1350, or 1375, or 1400, or 1 425, or 1450, or 1475, or 1500, or 1525, or 1 550, or 1575, or 1600, or 1625, or 1650, or 1 675, or 1700, or 1725, or 1750, or 1775, or 1 800, or 1825, or 1850, or 1875, or 1900, or 1 925, or 1950, or 1975, or 2000, or 2025, or 2 050, or 2075, or 2100, or 2125, or 2150, or 2 175, or 2200, or 2225, or 2250, or 2275, or 2 300, or 2325, or 2350, or 2375, or 2400, or 2 425, or 2450, or 2475, or 2500, or 2525, or 2 550, or 2575, or 2600, or 2625, or 2650, or 2 675, or 2700, or 2725, or 2750, or 2775, or 2 800, or 2825, or 2850, or 2875, or 2900, or 2 925, or 2950, ​​or 2975, or 3000, or 3025, or 3 050, or 3075, or 3100, or 3125, or 3150, or 3 175, or 3200, or 3225, or 3250, or 3275, or 3 300, or 3325, or 3350, or 3375, or 3400, or 3 425, or 3450, or 3475, or 3500, or 3525, or 3 550, or 3575, or 3600, or 3625, or 3650, or 3 675, or 3700, or 3725, or 3750, or 3775, or 3 800, or 3825, or 3850, or 3875, or 3900, or 3 925, or 3950, or 3975, or 4000, or 4025, or 4 050, or 4075, or 4100, or 4125, or 4150, or 4 175, or 4200, or 4225, or 4250, or 4275, or 4 300, or 4325, or 4350, or 4375, or 4400, or 4 425, or 4450, or 4475, or 4500, or 4525, or 4 550, or 4575, or 4600, or 4625, or 4650, or 4 675, or 4700, or 4725, or 4750, or 4775, or 4 800, or 4825, or 4850, or 4875, or 4900, or 4 925, or 4950, or 4975, or 5000, or 5025, or 5 050, or 5075, or 5100, or 5125, or 5150, or 5 175, or 5200, or 5225, or 5250, or 5275, or 5 300, or 5325, or 5350, or 5375, or 5400, or 5 425, or 5450, or 5475, or 5500, or 5525, or 5 550, or 5575, or 5600, or 5625, or 5650, or 5 675, or 5700, or 5725, or 5750, or 5775, or 5 800, or 5825, or 5850, or 5875, or 5900, or 5 925, or 5950, or 5975, or 6000, or 6025, or 6 050, or 6075, or 6100, or 6125, or 6150, or 6 175, or 6200, or 6225, or 6250, or 6275, or 6 300, or 6325, or 6350, or 6375, or 6400, or 6 425, or 6450, or 6475, or 6500, or 6525, or 6 550, or 6575, or 6600, or 6625, or 6650, or 6 675, or 6700, or 6725, or 6750, or 6775, or 6 800, or 6825, or 6850, or 6875, or 6900, or 6 925, or 6950, or 6975, or 7000, or 7025, or 7 050, or 7075, or 7100, or 7125, or 7150, or 7 175, or 7200, or 7225, or 7250, or 7275, or 7 300, or 7325, or 7350, or 7375, or 7400, or 7 425, or 7450, or 7475, or 7500, or 7525, or 7 550, or 7575, or 7600, or 7625, or 7650, or 7 675, or 7700, or 7725, or 7750, or 7775, or 7 800, or 7825, or 7850, or 7875, or 7900, or 7 925, or 7950, or 7975, or 8000, or 8025, or 8 050, or 8075, or 8100, or 8125, or 8150, or 8 175, or 8200, or 8225, or 8250, or 8275, or 8 300, or 8325, or 8350, or 8375, or 8400, or 8 425, or 8450, or 8475, or 8500, or 8525, or 8 550, or 8575, or 8600, or 8625, or 8650, or 8 675, or 8700, or 8725, or 8750, or 8775, or 8 800, or 8825, or 8850, or 8875, or 8900, or 8 925, or 8950, or 8975, or 9000, or 9025, or 9 050, or 9075, or 9100, or 9125, or 9150, or 9 175, or 9200, or 9225, or 9250, or 9275, or 9 300, or 9325, or 9350, or 9375, or 9400, or 9 425, or 9450, or 9475, or 9500, or 9525, or 9 550, or 9575, or 9600, or 9625, or 9650, or 9 675, or 9700, or 9725, or 9750, or 9775, or 9 800, or 9825, or 9850, or 9875, or 9900, or 9 925, or 9950, or 9975, or 10000, or 15000, and is 20000, or 25000, or 30000, or 35000, or 400 00, or 45000, or 50000, or 55000, or 60000, or 65,000, or 70,000, or 75,000, or 80,000, or 85 One or more of 000, 90000, 95000, or 100000 , or any combination thereof, including but not limited to them stomach.

[0335] ●Note: The organic liquid phase may include ionic liquids.

[0336] ●Note: One or more reagents may include ionic liquids.

[0337] ●Note: The weight percentage concentration of one or more reagents or combinations thereof is as follows: This may include, but is not limited to, 0%, 0.5%, 1%, or 1.5%. %, or 2%, or 2.5%, or 3%, or 3.5%, or 4%, or 4 0.5%, or 5%, or 5.5%, or 6%, or 6.5%, or 7%, also 7.5%, or 8%, or 8.5%, or 9%, or 9.5%, or 10% , or 10.5%, or 11%, or 11.5%, or 12%, or 12.5% , or 13%, or 13.5%, or 14%, or 14.5%, or 15%, Or 15.5%, or 16%, or 16.5%, or 17%, or 17.5% , or 18%, or 18.5%, or 19%, or 19.5%, or 20%, Or 20.5%, or 21%, or 21.5%, or 22%, or 22.5% , or 23%, or 23.5%, or 24%, or 24.5%, or 25%, Or 25.5%, or 26%, or 26.5%, or 27%, or 27.5% , or 28%, or 28.5%, or 29%, or 29.5%, or 30%, Or 30.5%, or 31%, or 31.5%, or 32%, or 32.5% , or 33%, or 33.5%, or 34%, or 34.5%, or 35%, Or 35.5%, or 36%, or 36.5%, or 37%, or 37.5% , or 38%, or 38.5%, or 39%, or 39.5%, or 40%, Or 40.5%, or 41%, or 41.5%, or 42%, or 42.5% , or 43%, or 43.5%, or 44%, or 44.5%, or 45%, Or 45.5%, or 46%, or 46.5%, or 47%, or 47.5% , or 48%, or 48.5%, or 49%, or 49.5%, or 50%, Or 50.5%, or 51%, or 51.5%, or 52%, or 52.5% , or 53%, or 53.5%, or 54%, or 54.5%, or 55%, Or 55.5%, or 56%, or 56.5%, or 57%, or 57.5% , or 58%, or 58.5%, or 59%, or 59.5%, or 60%, Or 60.5%, or 61%, or 61.5%, or 62%, or 62.5% , or 63%, or 63.5%, or 64%, or 64.5%, or 65%, Or 65.5%, or 66%, or 66.5%, or 67%, or 67.5% , or 68%, or 68.5%, or 69%, or 69.5%, or 70%, Or 70.5%, or 71%, or 71.5%, or 72%, or 72.5% , or 73%, or 73.5%, or 74%, or 74.5%, or 75%, Or 75.5%, or 76%, or 76.5%, or 77%, or 77.5% , or 78%, or 78.5%, or 79%, or 79.5%, or 80%, Or 80.5%, or 81%, or 81.5%, or 82%, or 82.5% , or 83%, or 83.5%, or 84%, or 84.5%, or 85%, Or 85.5%, or 86%, or 86.5%, or 87%, or 87.5% , or 88%, or 88.5%, or 89%, or 89.5%, or 90%, Or 90.5%, or 91%, or 91.5%, or 92%, or 92.5% , or 93%, or 93.5%, or 94%, or 94.5%, or 95%, Or 95.5%, or 96%, or 96.5%, or 97%, or 97.5% , or 98%, or 98.5%, or 99%, or 99.5%, or 100% It is less than or equal to one or more of them, or a combination thereof. It's incredible.

[0338] ●Note: The weight percentage solubility of one or more reagents or combinations thereof is... This may include, but is not limited to, the following: 0%, 0.5%, 1%, or 1%. 5%, or 2%, or 2.5%, or 3%, or 3.5%, or 4%, or 4.5%, or 5%, or 5.5%, or 6%, or 6.5%, or 7%, or 7.5%, or 8%, or 8.5%, or 9%, or 9.5%, or 10% %, or 10.5%, or 11%, or 11.5%, or 12%, or 12.5% %, or 13%, or 13.5%, or 14%, or 14.5%, or 15% , or 15.5%, or 16%, or 16.5%, or 17%, or 17.5% %, or 18%, or 18.5%, or 19%, or 19.5%, or 20% , or 20.5%, or 21%, or 21.5%, or 22%, or 22.5% %, or 23%, or 23.5%, or 24%, or 24.5%, or 25% , or 25.5%, or 26%, or 26.5%, or 27%, or 27.5% %, or 28%, or 28.5%, or 29%, or 29.5%, or 30% , or 30.5%, or 31%, or 31.5%, or 32%, or 32.5% %, or 33%, or 33.5%, or 34%, or 34.5%, or 35% , or 35.5%, or 36%, or 36.5%, or 37%, or 37.5% %, or 38%, or 38.5%, or 39%, or 39.5%, or 40% , or 40.5%, or 41%, or 41.5%, or 42%, or 42.5% %, or 43%, or 43.5%, or 44%, or 44.5%, or 45% , or 45.5%, or 46%, or 46.5%, or 47%, or 47.5% %, or 48%, or 48.5%, or 49%, or 49.5%, or 50% , or 50.5%, or 51%, or 51.5%, or 52%, or 52.5% %, or 53%, or 53.5%, or 54%, or 54.5%, or 55% , or 55.5%, or 56%, or 56.5%, or 57%, or 57.5% %, or 58%, or 58.5%, or 59%, or 59.5%, or 60% , or 60.5%, or 61%, or 61.5%, or 62%, or 62.5% %, or 63%, or 63.5%, or 64%, or 64.5%, or 65% , or 65.5%, or 66%, or 66.5%, or 67%, or 67.5% %, or 68%, or 68.5%, or 69%, or 69.5%, or 70% , or 70.5%, or 71%, or 71.5%, or 72%, or 72.5% %, or 73%, or 73.5%, or 74%, or 74.5%, or 75% , or 75.5%, or 76%, or 76.5%, or 77%, or 77.5% %, or 78%, or 78.5%, or 79%, or 79.5%, or 80% , or 80.5%, or 81%, or 81.5%, or 82%, or 82%. 5%, or 83%, or 83.5%, or 84%, or 84.5%, or 85% %, or 85.5%, or 86%, or 86.5%, or 87%, or 87%. 5%, or 88%, or 88.5%, or 89%, or 89.5%, or 90% %, or 90.5%, or 91%, or 91.5%, or 92%, or 92%. 5%, or 93%, or 93.5%, or 94%, or 94.5%, or 95% %, or 95.5%, or 96%, or 96.5%, or 97%, or 97%. 5%, or 98%, or 98.5%, or 99%, or 99.5%, or 10% One or more values ​​of 0%, or any combination thereof, are less than or equal to 0%. It's beyond that.

[0339] ●The weight percentage concentration of water may include, but is not limited to, 0%, or 0.5%, or 1%, or 1.5%, or 2%, or 2.5%, or 3%, or 3.5%, or 4%, or 4.5%, or 5%, or 5.5%, or 6% , or 6.5%, or 7%, or 7.5%, or 8%, or 8.5%, or 9%, or 9.5%, or 10%, or 10.5%, or 11%, or 11.5% %, or 12%, or 12.5%, or 13%, or 13.5%, or 14% , or 14.5%, or 15%, or 15.5%, or 16%, or 16.5% %, or 17%, or 17.5%, or 18%, or 18.5%, or 19% , or 19.5%, or 20%, or 20.5%, or 21%, or 21.5% %, or 22%, or 22.5%, or 23%, or 23.5%, or 24% , or 24.5%, or 25%, or 25.5%, or 26%, or 26.5% %, or 27%, or 27.5%, or 28%, or 28.5%, or 29% , or 29.5%, or 30%, or 30.5%, or 31%, or 31.5% %, or 32%, or 32.5%, or 33%, or 33.5%, or 34% , or 34.5%, or 35%, or 35.5%, or 36%, or 36.5% %, or 37%, or 37.5%, or 38%, or 38.5%, or 39% , or 39.5%, or 40%, or 40.5%, or 41%, or 41.5% %, or 42%, or 42.5%, or 43%, or 43.5%, or 44% , or 44.5%, or 45%, or 45.5%, or 46%, or 46.5% %, or 47%, or 47.5%, or 48%, or 48.5%, or 49% , or 49.5%, or 50%, or 50.5%, or 51%, or 51.5% %, or 52%, or 52.5%, or 53%, or 53.5%, or 54% , or 54.5%, or 55%, or 55.5%, or 56%, or 56.5% %, or 57%, or 57.5%, or 58%, or 58.5%, or 59% , or 59.5%, or 60%, or 60.5%, or 61%, or 61.5% %, or 62%, or 62.5%, or 63%, or 63.5%, or 64% , or 64.5%, or 65%, or 65.5%, or 66%, or 66.5% %, or 67%, or 67.5%, or 68%, or 68.5%, or 69% , or 69.5%, or 70%, or 70.5%, or 71%, or 71.5% %, or 72%, or 72.5%, or 73%, or 73.5%, or 74% , or 74.5%, or 75%, or 75.5%, or 76%, or 76.5% %, or 77%, or 77.5%, or 78%, or 78.5%, or 79% , or 79.5%, or 80%, or 80.5%, or 81%, or 8 1.5%, or 82%, or 82.5%, or 83%, or 83.5%, and is 84%, or 84.5%, or 85%, or 85.5%, or 86%, or 86.5%, or 87%, or 87.5%, or 88%, or 88.5%, and is 89%, or 89.5%, or 90%, or 90.5%, or 91%, or 91.5%, or 92%, or 92.5%, or 93%, or 93.5%, and is 94%, or 94.5%, or 95%, or 95.5%, or 96%, or 96.5%, or 97%, or 97.5%, or 98%, or 98.5%, and is one or more of 99%, 99.5%, or 100%, or a combination thereof. It is less than, equal to, or greater than.

[0340] ●Note: The cloud point temperature is -100°C, or -90°C, or -80°C, or -70°C. -60°C, or -50°C, or -45°C, or -40°C, or -35°C, also -30°C, or -25°C, or -20°C, or -19°C, or -18°C, also -17°C, or -16°C, or -15°C, or -15°C, or -14°C, also -13°C, -12°C, or -11°C, or -10°C, or -9°C, or -8°C , or -7°C, or -6°C, or -5°C, or -4°C, or -3°C, or - 2°C, or -1°C, or 0°C, or 1°C, or 2°C, or 3°C, or 4°C, Or 5°C, or 6°C, or 7°C, or 8°C, or 9°C, or 10°C, 11°C, or 12°C, or 13°C, or 14°C, or 15°C, or 16°C, 17°C, or 18°C, or 19°C, or 20°C, or 21°C, or 22°C , or 23℃, or 24℃, or 25℃, or 26℃, or 27℃, or 2 8°C, or 29°C, or 30°C, or 31°C, or 32°C, or 33°C, is 34°C, or 35°C, or 36°C, or 37°C, or 38°C, or 39°C. Or 40°C, or 41°C, or 42°C, or 43°C, or 44°C, or 45°C °C, or 46°C, or 47°C, or 48°C, or 49°C, or 50°C, 51°C, or 52°C, or 53°C, or 54°C, or 55°C, or 56°C, 57°C, or 58°C, or 59°C, or 60°C, or 61°C, or 62°C , or 63°C, or 64°C, or 65°C, or 66°C, or 67°C, or 6 8°C, or 69°C, or 70°C, or 71°C, or 72°C, or 73°C, and is 74°C, or 75°C, or 76°C, or 77°C, or 78°C, or 79°C. Or 80°C, or 81°C, or 82°C, or 83°C, or 84°C, or 85°C °C, or 86°C, or 87°C, or 88°C, or 89°C, or 90°C, or 9 1°C, or 92°C, or 93°C, or 94°C, or 95°C, or 96°C, and is 97°C, or 98°C, or 99°C, or 100°C, or 110°C, or 12 0°C, or 130°C, or 140°C, or 150°C, or 160°C, or 17 0°C, or 180°C, or 190°C, or 200°C, or 210°C, or 22 0°C, or 230°C, or 240°C, or 250°C, or 260°C, or 27 0°C, or 280°C, or 290°C, or 300°C, or 310°C, or 32 0°C, or 330°C, or 340°C, or 350°C, or 360°C, or 37 0°C, or 380°C, or 390°C, or 400°C, or 410°C, or 42 0°C, or 430°C, or 440°C, or 450°C, or 460°C, or 47 0°C, or 480°C, or 490°C, or 500°C, or 550°C, or 60 If any of the following temperatures apply: 0°C, 700°C, 800°C, 900°C, or 1000°C The number can be multiple, or a combination thereof, less than or greater than or equal to.

[0341] ●Note: The temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, or the liquid-liquid phase transition peak enthalpy. -, or a combination thereof, -100°C, or -90°C, or -80°C, or - 70°C, -60°C, or -50°C, or -45°C, or -40°C, or -35°C , or -30℃, or -25℃, or -20℃, or -19℃, or -18℃ , or -17°C, or -16°C, or -15°C, or -15°C, or -14°C , or -13°C, -12°C, or -11°C, or -10°C, or -9°C, -8°C, or -7°C, or -6°C, or -5°C, or -4°C, or -3°C or -2°C, or -1°C, or 0°C, or 1°C, or 2°C, or 3°C, 4°C, or 5°C, or 6°C, or 7°C, or 8°C, or 9°C, or 10°C, Or 11°C, or 12°C, or 13°C, or 14°C, or 15°C, or 16°C °C, or 17°C, or 18°C, or 19°C, or 20°C, or 21°C, or 22°C, or 23°C, or 24°C, or 25°C, or 26°C, or 27°C, 28°C, or 29°C, or 30°C, or 31°C, or 32°C, or 33°C , or 34°C, or 35°C, or 36°C, or 37°C, or 38°C, or 3 9°C, or 40°C, or 41°C, or 42°C, or 43°C, or 44°C, is 45°C, or 46°C, or 47°C, or 48°C, or 49°C, or 50°C. Or 51°C, or 52°C, or 53°C, or 54°C, or 55°C, or 56°C °C, or 57°C, or 58°C, or 59°C, or 60°C, or 61°C, or 62°C, or 63°C, or 64°C, or 65°C, or 66°C, or 67°C, or 68°C, or 69°C, or 70°C, or 71°C, or 72°C, or 73°C , or 74°C, or 75°C, or 76°C, or 77°C, or 78°C, or 7 9°C, or 80°C, or 81°C, or 82°C, or 83°C, or 84°C, and 85°C, or 86°C, or 87°C, or 88°C, or 89°C, or 90°C, 91°C, or 92°C, or 93°C, or 94°C, or 95°C, or 96°C , or 97°C, or 98°C, or 99°C, or 100°C, or 110°C, also It is 120°C, or 130°C, or 140°C, or 150°C, or 160°C, 170°C, or 180°C, or 190°C, or 200°C, or 210°C, 220°C, or 230°C, or 240°C, or 250°C, or 260°C, 270°C, or 280°C, or 290°C, or 300°C, or 310°C, 320°C, or 330°C, or 340°C, or 350°C, or 360°C, 370°C, or 380°C, or 390°C, or 400°C, or 410°C, 420°C, or 430°C, or 440°C, or 450°C, or 460°C, 470°C, or 480°C, or 490°C, or 500°C, or 600°C, or 700°C, or 800°C, or 900°C, or 1000°C It may be one or more, or a combination thereof, less than or equal to or greater than one.

[0342] ●Note: The viscosity of the liquid phase is 0.1 cP, or 0.5 cP, or 1 cP, or 1.5 cP, or 2cP, or 2.5cP, or 3cP, or 3.5cP, or 4c P, or 4.5cP, or 5cP, or 5.5cP, or 6cP, or 6.5 cP, or 7cP, or 7.5cP, or 8cP, or 8.5cP, or 9c P, or 9.5cP, or 10cP, or 11cP, or 12cP, or 13 cP, or 14cP, or 15cP, or 16cP, or 17cP, or 18 cP, or 19cP, or 20cP, or 21cP, or 22cP, or 23 cP, or 24cP, or 25cP, or 26cP, or 27cP, or 28 cP, or 29cP, or 30cP, or 31cP, or 32cP, or 33 cP, or 34cP, or 35cP, or 36cP, or 37cP, or 38 cP, or 39cP, or 40cP, or 41cP, or 42cP, or 43 cP, or 44cP, or 45cP, or 46cP, or 47cP, or 48 cP, or 49cP, or 50cP, or 55cP, or 60cP, or 65 cP, or 70cP, or 75cP, or 80cP, or 85cP, or 90 cP, or 95cP, or 100cP, or 105cP, or 110cP, also is 115 cP, or 120 cP, or 125 cP, or 135 cP, or 135 cP, or 140 cP, or 145 cP, or 150 cP, or 155 cP, or 160 cP, or 165 cP, or 170 cP, or 175 cP, or 18 0 cP, or 185 cP, or 190 cP, or 195 cP, or 200 cP, Or 205 cP, or 210 cP, or 215 cP, or 220 cP, or 2 25 cP, or 230 cP, or 235 cP, or 240 cP, or 245 cP , or 250 cP, or 255 cP, or 260 cP, or 265 cP, or 270cP, or 275cP, or 280cP, or 285cP, or 290c P, or 295cP, or 300cP, or 305cP, or 310cP, also is 315 cP, or 320 cP, or 325 cP, or 330 cP, or 335 cP, or 340 cP, or 345 cP, or 350 cP, or 355 cP, or 360 cP, or 365 cP, or 370 cP, or 375 cP, or 38 0 cP, or 385 cP, or 390 cP, or 395 cP, or 400 cP, or 405 cP, or 410 cP, or 415 cP, or 420 cP, or 4 25 cP, or 430 cP, or 435 cP, or 440 cP, or 445 cP , or 450 cP, or 455 cP, or 460 cP, or 465 cP, or 470cP, or 475cP, or 480cP, or 485cP, or 490c P, or 495cP, or 500cP, or 550cP, or 600cP, also is 650 cP, or 700 cP, or 750 cP, or 800 cP, or 850 cP, or 900 cP, or 950 cP, or 1,000 cP, or 1,250 cP, or 1,500 cP, or 1,750 cP, or 2,000 cP, or 2 ,250cP, or 2,500cP, or 2,750cP, or 3,000cP, or 3,250 cP, or 3,500 cP, or 3,750 cP, or 4,000 0 cP, or 4,250 cP, or 4,500 cP, or 4,750 cP, or 5,000 cP, or 5,250 cP, or 5,500 cP, or 5,750 cP , or 6,000 cP, or 6,250 cP, or 6,500 cP, or 6,7 50 cP, or 7,000 cP, or 7,250 cP, or 7,500 cP, also is 7,750 cP, or 8,000 cP, or 8,250 cP, or 8,500 cP , or 8,750 cP, or 9,000 cP, or 9,250 cP, or 9,5 00 cP, or one or more of 9,750 cP or 10,000 cP, or so Any combination of those may be less than, greater than, or equal to, including them, but they Not limited to this.

[0343] ●Note: Average molecular weight is expressed in grams per mole, or in molecular weight or molar mass units. could be.

[0344] ●Note: The density of the liquid phase is 0.5 g / mL, or 0.51 g / mL, or 0.52 g / mL, or 0.53 g / mL, or 0.54 g / mL, or 0.55 g / mL, or 0.56 g / mL, or 0.57 g / mL, or 0.58 g / mL, or 0 0.59 g / mL, or 0.6 g / mL, or 0.61 g / mL, or 0.62 g / mL, or 0.63 g / mL, 0.64 g / mL, or 0.65 g / mL, or 0 0.66 g / mL, or 0.67 g / mL, or 0.68 g / mL, or 0.69 g / mL, or 0.70 g / mL, or 0.71 g / mL, or 0.72 g / mL, or 0.73 g / mL, or 0.74 g / mL, or 0.75 g / mL, or 0 0.76 g / mL, or 0.77 g / mL, or 0.78 g / mL, or 0.79 g / mL, or 0.8g / mL, or 0.805g / mL, or 0.81g / mL Or 0.815 g / mL, or 0.82 g / mL, or 0.825 g / mL, This is 0.83 g / mL, or 0.835 g / mL, or 0.84 g / mL, or 0. 845 g / mL, or 0.85 g / mL, or 0.855 g / mL, or 0.86 g / mL, or 0.865 g / mL, or 0.87 g / mL, or 0.875 g / mL, or 0.88 g / mL, or 0.885 g / mL, or 0.89 g / mL, Or 0.895 g / mL, or 0.9 g / mL, or 0.905 g / mL, or 0.91 g / mL, or 0.915 g / mL, or 0.92 g / mL, or 0.92 5 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.935 g / mL, or 0.94 g / mL, or 0.945 g / mL, or 0.95 g / mL, or 0.955 g / mL , or 0.96 g / mL, or 0.965 g / mL, or 0.97 g / mL, also is 0.975 g / mL, or 0.98 g / mL, or 0.985 g / mL, or 0 0.99 g / mL, or 0.995 g / mL, or 1 g / mL, or 1.005 g / mL, or 1.01 g / mL, or 1.015 g / mL, or 1.02 g / mL Or 1.025 g / mL, or 1.03 g / mL, or 1.035 g / mL, This is 1.04 g / mL, or 1.045 g / mL, or 1.05 g / mL, or 1. 0.55 g / mL, or 1.06 g / mL, or 1.065 g / mL, or 1.07 g / mL, or 1.075 g / mL, or 1.08 g / mL, or 1.085 g / mL, or 1.09 g / mL, or 1.095 g / mL, or 1.1 g / mL, or 1.11 g / mL, or 1.12 g / mL, or 1.13 g / mL, or 1. 14 g / mL, or 1.15 g / mL, or 1.16 g / mL, or 1.17 g / mL, or 1.18 g / mL, or 1.19 g / mL, or 1.2 g / mL, is 1.21 g / mL, or 1.22 g / mL, or 1.23 g / mL, or 1.2 4 g / mL, or 1.25 g / mL, or 1.26 g / mL, or 1.27 g / m³ L, or 1.28 g / mL, or 1.29 g / mL, or 1.3 g / mL, 1.31 g / mL, or 1.32 g / mL, or 1.33 g / mL, or 1.34 g / mL, or 1.35 g / mL, or 1.36 g / mL, or 1.37 g / mL , or 1.38 g / mL, or 1.39 g / mL, or 1.4 g / mL, or 1 0.41 g / mL, or 1.42 g / mL, or 1.43 g / mL, or 1.44 g / mL, or 1.45 g / mL, or 1.46 g / mL, or 1.47 g / mL, Or one of 1.48 g / mL, 1.49 g / mL, or 1.5 g / mL There can be multiple numbers, or combinations thereof, less than or greater than or equal to.

[0345] ●Note: The density of the organic liquid phase is 0.5 g / mL, or 0.51 g / mL, or 0.5 2 g / mL, or 0.53 g / mL, or 0.54 g / mL, or 0.55 g / mL L, or 0.56 g / mL, or 0.57 g / mL, or 0.58 g / mL, or is 0.59 g / mL, or 0.6 g / mL, or 0.61 g / mL, or 0.62 g / mL, or 0.63 g / mL, 0.64 g / mL, or 0.65 g / mL, is 0.66 g / mL, or 0.67 g / mL, or 0.68 g / mL, or 0.6 9 g / mL, or 0.70 g / mL, or 0.71 g / mL, or 0.72 g / m³ L, or 0.73 g / mL, or 0.74 g / mL, or 0.75 g / mL, or is 0.76 g / mL, or 0.77 g / mL, or 0.78 g / mL, or 0.7 9 g / mL, or 0.8 g / mL, or 0.805 g / mL, or 0.81 g / m³ L, or 0.815 g / mL, or 0.82 g / mL, or 0.825 g / mL, Or 0.83 g / mL, or 0.835 g / mL, or 0.84 g / mL, or 0.845 g / mL, or 0.85 g / mL, or 0.855 g / mL, or 0. 86 g / mL, or 0.865 g / mL, or 0.87 g / mL, or 0.875 g / mL, or 0.88 g / mL, or 0.885 g / mL, or 0.89 g / mL L, or 0.895 g / mL, or 0.9 g / mL, or 0.905 g / mL, or 0.91 g / mL, or 0.915 g / mL, or 0.92 g / mL, or 0. 925 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.935 g / mL, or 0.94 g / mL, or 0.945 g / mL, or 0.95 g / mL, or 0.955 g / mL, or 0.96 g / mL, or 0.965 g / mL, or 0.97 g / mL, Or 0.975 g / mL, or 0.98 g / mL, or 0.985 g / mL, or This is 0.99 g / mL, or 0.995 g / mL, or 1 g / mL, or 1.005 g / mL, or 1.01 g / mL, or 1.015 g / mL, or 1.02 g / m L, or 1.025 g / mL, or 1.03 g / mL, or 1.035 g / mL, Or 1.04 g / mL, or 1.045 g / mL, or 1.05 g / mL, 1.055 g / mL, or 1.06 g / mL, or 1.065 g / mL, or 1. 0.7 g / mL, or 1.075 g / mL, or 1.08 g / mL, or 1.085 g / mL, or 1.09 g / mL, or 1.095 g / mL, or 1.1 g / mL , or 1.11 g / mL, or 1.12 g / mL, or 1.13 g / mL, or 1.14 g / mL, or 1.15 g / mL, or 1.16 g / mL, or 1.17 g / mL, or 1.18 g / mL, or 1.19 g / mL, or 1.2 g / mL Or 1.21 g / mL, or 1.22 g / mL, or 1.23 g / mL, or 1 0.24 g / mL, or 1.25 g / mL, or 1.26 g / mL, or 1.27 g / mL, or 1.28g / mL, or 1.29g / mL, or 1.3g / mL, or 1.31 g / mL, or 1.32 g / mL, or 1.33 g / mL, or 1. 34 g / mL, or 1.35 g / mL, or 1.36 g / mL, or 1.37 g / mL, or 1.38 g / mL, or 1.39 g / mL, or 1.4 g / mL, is 1.41 g / mL, or 1.42 g / mL, or 1.43 g / mL, or 1.4 4 g / mL, or 1.45 g / mL, or 1.46 g / mL, or 1.47 g / m³ L, or one of 1.48 g / mL, 1.49 g / mL, or 1.5 g / mL It can be less than or equal to

[0346] ●Note: The density of the aqueous liquid phase is 0.5 g / mL, or 0.51 g / mL, or 0. 52 g / mL, or 0.53 g / mL, or 0.54 g / mL, or 0.55 g / mL, or 0.56 g / mL, or 0.57 g / mL, or 0.58 g / mL, or 0.59 g / mL, or 0.6 g / mL, or 0.61 g / mL, or 0.6 2g / mL, or 0.63g / mL, 0.64g / mL, or 0.65g / mL, or 0.66 g / mL, or 0.67 g / mL, or 0.68 g / mL, or 0. 69 g / mL, or 0.70 g / mL, or 0.71 g / mL, or 0.72 g / mL, or 0.73 g / mL, or 0.74 g / mL, or 0.75 g / mL, or 0.76 g / mL, or 0.77 g / mL, or 0.78 g / mL, or 0. 79 g / mL, or 0.8 g / mL, or 0.805 g / mL, or 0.81 g / mL, or 0.815 g / mL, or 0.82 g / mL, or 0.825 g / mL , or 0.83 g / mL, or 0.835 g / mL, or 0.84 g / mL, also is 0.845 g / mL, or 0.85 g / mL, or 0.855 g / mL, or 0 0.86 g / mL, or 0.865 g / mL, or 0.87 g / mL, or 0.87 5g / mL, or 0.88g / mL, or 0.885g / mL, or 0.89g / mL, or 0.895 g / mL, or 0.9 g / mL, or 0.905 g / mL, or 0.91 g / mL, or 0.915 g / mL, or 0.92 g / mL, or 0 0.925 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.935 g / mL, or 0.9 4 g / mL, or 0.945 g / mL, or 0.95 g / mL, or 0.955 g / mL, or 0.96 g / mL, or 0.965 g / mL, or 0.97 g / mL , or 0.975 g / mL, or 0.98 g / mL, or 0.985 g / mL, or 0.99 g / mL, or 0.995 g / mL, or 1 g / mL, or 1.00 5 g / mL, or 1.01 g / mL, or 1.015 g / mL, or 1.02 g / mL, or 1.025 g / mL, or 1.03 g / mL, or 1.035 g / mL , or 1.04 g / mL, or 1.045 g / mL, or 1.05 g / mL, also is 1.055 g / mL, or 1.06 g / mL, or 1.065 g / mL, or 1 0.07 g / mL, or 1.075 g / mL, or 1.08 g / mL, or 1.08 5 g / mL, or 1.09 g / mL, or 1.095 g / mL, or 1.1 g / m³ L, or 1.11 g / mL, or 1.12 g / mL, or 1.13 g / mL, is 1.14 g / mL, or 1.15 g / mL, or 1.16 g / mL, or 1.1 7 g / mL, or 1.18 g / mL, or 1.19 g / mL, or 1.2 g / mL , or 1.21 g / mL, or 1.22 g / mL, or 1.23 g / mL, or 1.24 g / mL, or 1.25 g / mL, or 1.26 g / mL, or 1.27 g / mL, or 1.28 g / mL, or 1.29 g / mL, or 1.3 g / mL Or 1.31 g / mL, or 1.32 g / mL, or 1.33 g / mL, or 1 0.34 g / mL, or 1.35 g / mL, or 1.36 g / mL, or 1.37 g / mL, or 1.38g / mL, or 1.39g / mL, or 1.4g / mL, or 1.41 g / mL, or 1.42 g / mL, or 1.43 g / mL, or 1. 44 g / mL, or 1.45 g / mL, or 1.46 g / mL, or 1.47 g / mL, or one of 1.48 g / mL, 1.49 g / mL, or 1.5 g / mL Or it may be one or more of them, or a combination thereof, less than or greater than.

[0347] ●Note: The density of the liquid phase of the combined solution is 0.5 g / mL, or 0.51 g / mL, or 0.52 g / mL, or 0.53 g / mL, or 0.54 g / mL, or 0.55 g / mL, or 0.56 g / mL, or 0.57 g / mL, or 0.58 g / mL , or 0.59 g / mL, or 0.6 g / mL, or 0.61 g / mL, or 0 0.62 g / mL, or 0.63 g / mL, 0.64 g / mL, or 0.65 g / mL , or 0.66 g / mL, or 0.67 g / mL, or 0.68 g / mL, or 0.69 g / mL, or 0.70 g / mL, or 0.71 g / mL, or 0.72 g / mL, or 0.73 g / mL, or 0.74 g / mL, or 0.75 g / mL , or 0.76 g / mL, or 0.77 g / mL, or 0.78 g / mL, or 0.79 g / mL, or 0.8 g / mL, or 0.805 g / mL, or 0.81 g / mL, or 0.815 g / mL, or 0.82 g / mL, or 0.825 g / mL, or 0.83 g / mL, or 0.835 g / mL, or 0.84 g / mL, Or 0.845 g / mL, or 0.85 g / mL, or 0.855 g / mL, This is 0.86 g / mL, or 0.865 g / mL, or 0.87 g / mL, or 0. 875 g / mL, or 0.88 g / mL, or 0.885 g / mL, or 0.89 g / mL, or 0.895 g / mL, or 0.9 g / mL, or 0.905 g / m³ L, or 0.91 g / mL, or 0.915 g / mL, or 0.92 g / mL, also is 0.925 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.935 g / mL, or 0 0.94 g / mL, or 0.945 g / mL, or 0.95 g / mL, or 0.95 5 g / mL, or 0.96 g / mL, or 0.965 g / mL, or 0.97 g / mL, or 0.975 g / mL, or 0.98 g / mL, or 0.985 g / mL , or 0.99 g / mL, or 0.995 g / mL, or 1 g / mL, or 1. 0.05 g / mL, or 1.01 g / mL, or 1.015 g / mL, or 1.02 g / mL, or 1.025 g / mL, or 1.03 g / mL, or 1.035 g / mL, or 1.04 g / mL, or 1.045 g / mL, or 1.05 g / mL Or 1.055 g / mL, or 1.06 g / mL, or 1.065 g / mL, This is 1.07 g / mL, or 1.075 g / mL, or 1.08 g / mL, or 1. 0.85 g / mL, or 1.09 g / mL, or 1.095 g / mL, or 1.1 g / mL, or 1.11 g / mL, or 1.12 g / mL, or 1.13 g / mL, Or 1.14 g / mL, or 1.15 g / mL, or 1.16 g / mL, or 1 0.17 g / mL, or 1.18 g / mL, or 1.19 g / mL, or 1.2 g / mL, or 1.21 g / mL, or 1.22 g / mL, or 1.23 g / mL, or 1.24 g / mL, or 1.25 g / mL, or 1.26 g / mL, or 1. 27 g / mL, or 1.28 g / mL, or 1.29 g / mL, or 1.3 g / m³ L, or 1.31 g / mL, or 1.32 g / mL, or 1.33 g / mL, is 1.34 g / mL, or 1.35 g / mL, or 1.36 g / mL, or 1.3 7 g / mL, or 1.38 g / mL, or 1.39 g / mL, or 1.4 g / mL , or 1.41 g / mL, or 1.42 g / mL, or 1.43 g / mL, or 1.44 g / mL, or 1.45 g / mL, or 1.46 g / mL, or 1.47 g / mL, or 1.48 g / mL, or 1.49 g / mL, or 1.5 g / mL It may be one or more, or a combination thereof, less than or equal to or greater than.

[0348] ●Note: The temperature range for the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is 0°K or 0.25°K, is 0.5°K, or 0.75°K, or 1°K, or 1.25°K, or 1.5 °K, or 1.75°K, or 2°K, or 2.25°K, or 2.5°K, or 2.75°K, or 3°K, or 3.25°K, or 3.5°K, or 3. 75°K, or 4°K, or 4.25°K, or 4.5°K, or 4.75°K, or 5°K, or 5.25°K, or 5.5°K, or 5.75°K, or 6 °K, or 6.25°K, or 6.5°K, or 6.75°K, or 7°K, or 7.25°K, or 7.5°K, or 7.75°K, or 8°K, or 8. 25°K, or 8.5°K, or 8.75°K, or 9°K, or 9.25°K, Or 9.5°K, or 9.75°K, or 10°K, or 10.25°K, or 10.5°K, or 10.75°K, or 11°K, or 11.25°K, or 11.5°K, or 11.75°K, or 12°K, or 12.25°K, or 12.5°K, or 12.75°K, or 13°K, or 13.25°K, or 1 3.5°K, or 13.75°K, or 14°K, or 14.25°K, or 1 4.5°K, or 14.75°K, or 15°K, or 15.25°K, or 1 5.5°K, or 15.75°K, or 16°K, or 16.25°K, or 1 6.5°K, or 16.75°K, or 17°K, or 17.25°K, or 1 7.5°K, or 17.75°K, or 18°K, or 18.25°K, or 1 8.5°K, or 18.75°K, or 19°K, or 19.25°K, or 1 9.5°K, or 19.75°K, or 20°K, or 20.5°K, or 21 °K, or 21.5°K, or 22°K, or 22.5°K, or 23°K, or 23.5°K, or 24°K, or 24.5°K, or 25°K, or 25 0.5°K, or 26°K, or 26.5°K, or 27°K, or 27.5°K , or 28°K, or 28.5°K, or 29°K, or 29.5°K, or 30°K, or 32°K, or 34°K, or 36°K, or 38°K, or 40°K, or 42°K, or 44°K, or 46°K, or 48°K, or 50°K, or 52°K, or 54°K, or 56°K, or 58°K, or 60°K, or 62°K, or 64°K, or 66°K, or 68°K, or 70°K, or 72°K, or 74°K, or 76°K, or 78°K, or 80°K, or 82°K, or 84°K, or 86°K, or 88°K, or 90°K, or 92°K, or 94°K, or 96°K, or 98°K, or One or more of 100°K, or any combination thereof, greater than or less than 100°K, or less than 100°K. It can occur over a temperature range equal to that.

[0349] ●Note: The density of some polypropylene glycols is almost the same as that of water. For example, Repropylene glycol P2000 has a density of 1.00 g / mL at 20°C. For example, For example, polypropylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 425 has a density of 1.004 g / mL at 25°C. It has a degree. For example, polypropylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 725 has a degree of 1.0 at 25°C. It has a density of 0.7 g / mL. For example, polypropylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 725 is It has a density of 1.01 g / mL at 20℃. For example, polypropylene with an average molecular weight of 2000 Lenglycol has a density of 1.005 g / mL at 25°C. For example, with an average number of molecules of 4. Polypropylene glycol of type 000 has a density of 1.004 g / mL at 25°C. Example For example, polypropylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 2700 has a concentration of 1.004 g / mL at 25°C. It has a density of . For example, polypropylene glycol with an average number of molecules of 1000 has a density of 25°C. It has a density of 1.005 g / mL. For example, polypropylene with an average molecular weight of 1200. Coal has a density of 1.005 g / mL at 25°C.

[0350] ●Note: "Molecular weight" and / or "number of molecules" can be used interchangeably.

[0351] ●Note: Some compositions have a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy over a wide temperature range. The ability to do so is similar to other liquids that may have a phase transition enthalpy in a narrow temperature range or at a specific phase transition temperature. - This can differ from liquid-phase transitions and solid-liquid phase transitions.

[0352] ●Note: Combining specific glycol ethers with specific glycol polymers, By harmonizing them, one or more of the following, or a combination thereof, may result: : Decrease in particle count below cloud point temperature, or increase in the degree of change in particle count at the cloud point, decrease in viscosity, denser Decreased temperature, possessing a phase transition enthalpy greater than 2.5 kJ / kg, or a temperature of the phase transition enthalpy. Narrowing of the temperature range, or decrease in the temperature or temperature range of the phase transition enthalpy, or cloud point As the temperature decreases, or as glycol ether remains in the same liquid phase as glycol polymer, Similar functionality to azeotropic mixtures, or an increase in the phase transition temperature.

[0353] ●Note: Organic reagents or glycolipids in the composition or method, or both. Remer, or at least 10%, 20%, or 30% of the liquid-liquid phase transition reagent , or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80% , or 90%, or 95%, or 99%, or a combination thereof, is the composition At temperatures above the cloud point, it can form a liquid phase or an organic liquid phase.

[0354] ●Note: Viscosity measurement of the second liquid phase is performed by separating the liquid phase into a non-contact separated liquid phase and 25°C or This can be carried out after cooling to a temperature below that is suitable for viscosity measurement.

[0355] ●Note: Before measuring the viscosity of the second liquid phase at 25°C or below, or at any other temperature suitable for viscosity measurement. Viscosity measurement is performed such that at least 98 wt% of the first liquid phase is separated from the second liquid phase.

[0356] ●Note: In some embodiments, the combined cloud point is formed by two or more non-aqueous reagents mixed with water and composition They can exist if they are combined in a substance and the resulting solution has the same cloud point temperature. The above non-solvent reagents are combined with the solvent in the composition, and the resulting solution has the same cloud point temperature. In this case, each of the two or more reagents contains water, and no other reagents(s) are present. In the case of squid or in solutions where it is hardly present, a different cloud point temperature from other reagents(s) is observed. It is important to note the possible characteristics. Two or more reagents each have a solvent. In the case of a solution in which no other reagents (or multiple reagents) are present or present in very little, other reagents It is important to note that the drug(s) may have different cloud point temperatures. One or more drugs produce a cloud point in the absence of at least one or more other reagents. It is important to note that they may not be present. One or more of the two or more reagents In the absence of at least one or more other reagents, the points may have different cloud point temperatures. It is important to pay attention to this.

[0357] ●Note: For cloud point measurement, or for measuring cloud point temperature, or for determining the presence of a second liquid phase Methods for determining the presence of more than one liquid phase, or combinations thereof. For example, A. Eliassi, et al. Determination of Cloud Points of Poly(propylene) Glycol) Aqueous Mixtures Using the Method described in the Particle Counting Method See also incorporated herein for reference, or Zheng, et al. Thermoresponsive polymer rs with lower critical solution temperature: from fundamental aspects and measurements The methods described in the recommended turbidimetry conditions are used in the techniques to perform. This may include and is incorporated herein for reference purposes.

[0358] ●Note: For cloud point measurement, or for measuring cloud point temperature, or for determining the presence of a second liquid phase Methods for determining the presence of more than one liquid phase, or combinations thereof. This may require the use of laser particle counting methods in turbulent or mixed environments. Alternatively, the light scattering method can determine the presence of a second phase or a second liquid phase. Alternatively, turbidimetric measurements are used to determine the presence, formation, or both of a second liquid phase. It can be useful. Turbidimetric measurements using a stable visible light source and photodetector can be useful for cloud point opening. It can be used to determine the start. Turbidimetric measurements comparing the light scattering or light transmittance of a sample are It can be used to determine the presence of more than one liquid phase. For example, the liquid-liquid phase transition liquid of a sample. This involves comparing the light scattering or light transmittance of known single-liquid phase liquids, such as water or mineral oil, using measurements. The presence of a second liquid phase can be visually determined, for example, at the liquid-liquid interface, and If droplets or cloudiness are present in the composition, this generally indicates two or more in the sample. This indicates the presence of a liquid phase.

[0359] ●Note: Viscosity measurements were performed using a Brookfield AMETEK digital rotational viscometer. It may be involved in the use. If more than one liquid phase is present, viscosity measurement is performed in each liquid phase in the composition. This can be done. For example, a liquid-liquid phase transition composition can be (1) 220 mL of the composition, 250 mL Using a jacketed separatory funnel, heat to a temperature 15°K higher than the cloud point temperature, (2 The composition is left at a temperature 15°K above the cloud point for 3 hours, and the liquid phase is divided into two or more liquid layers. (3) Separate the sample into two liquid phases using a separatory funnel, and as a result, The separated liquid phase samples are divided into a single liquid phase of at least 99.9 wt%, or less than 0.1 wt%. (4) Use a different liquid phase, (5) Adjust the temperature of the separated liquid phase sample to 5°C, 10 mL of separated liquid-phase sample at °C was placed in a Brookfield temperature control unit. and Brookfield AME with a spindle suitable for the estimated viscosity range (6) Add to a TEK low-range viscometer digital rotational viscometer, and heat the sample to 5°C to 30°C. While doing so, the temperature of the sample is increased at a rate equal to 1°K per 10 minutes, Brookfie Using an LD AMETEK low-range digital rotational viscometer, the viscosity of the separated liquid phases was measured. By measuring, it can be separated for viscosity measurement.

[0360] ●Note: Generally, two or more liquid-liquid phase transition reagents are combined with water, and the two or more of the above If each reagent has a cloud point, or if they are isolated or independent from other reagents If a liquid-liquid phase transition occurs in a solution with water, the resulting solution will usually have two cloudy appearances. The cloud spot includes dots, and each cloud spot represents one of two or more reagents. Generally, two or more liquids - When a liquid phase transition reagent is combined with water, and each of the two or more reagents has a cloud point: Alternatively, if isolated or independent from other reagents, the solution with water is liquid- If a liquid phase transition occurs, the resulting solution may contain one cloud point, and this one cloud point may contain two This represents the cloud point of one of the liquid-liquid phase transition reagents. A notable exception is the liquid with a typical cloud point. -It is a mixture of liquid phase transition reagents.

[0361] ●Note: In some embodiments, the design of compositions having a combined cloud point is the first cloud point temperature A glycol polymer having a certain degree, or a glycol polymer oxide, or both. , and may involve using glycol ether having a second cloud point temperature, the first cloud The point temperature should be brought as close as possible to the second cloud point temperature. In some examples, polymers and water The cloud point temperature of the two-component mixture of glycol ether and water is considerably higher than that of the two-component mixture of glycol ether and water. The difference is, for example, + / -1°K, or + / -1.5°K, or + / -2°K, or + -2.5°K, or + / -3°K, or + / -3.5°K, or + / -4°K, Or + / - 4.5°K, or + / - 5°K, or + / - 5.5°K, or + / - 6°K, or + / -6.5°K, or + / -7°K, or + / -7.5°K, also This corresponds to + / -8°K, or + / -8.5°K, or + / -9°K, or + / -9.5° K, or more than + / - 10°K. Generally, the cloud point temperature of a combined cloud point is the same as the temperature of water. The cloud point temperatures of each reagent in the component mixture differ.

[0362] ●Note: Some compositions may have a cloud point temperature greater than 1.

[0363] ●Note: Some compositions exhibit LCST liquid-liquid phase transition or UCST liquid-liquid phase transition. It may contain, or both.

[0364] ●Note: A decrease in the density of the aqueous liquid phase or a liquid phase containing more than 50 wt% water is due to, for example, aluminum. Coal, methanol, ethanol, acetone, organic solvents, highly soluble ether, aluminum Dehydes, ketones, esters, low-density inorganic substances, ammonia, or amines, or those By using highly water-soluble, low-density reagents, including but not limited to combinations of the following: It can be implemented.

[0365] Embodiment Set 1 1. A liquid-liquid phase transition method, which includes: A step of forming a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water, The composition undergoes a phase transition at a temperature above its cloud point to form at least two liquid phases. The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy was measured by a calorimeter at approximately 5 kJ per kg. It is super, including the process, The first liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt.% water. The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer. (1) A second liquid phase containing glycol polymer is prepared at 50 wt according to ASTM D1122. It has a density lower than the density of a liquid phase containing more than % water, or (2) The second liquid phase containing the glycol polymer has a viscosity of less than 100 cP at 25°C. The viscosity is measured using a viscometer in the second liquid phase as a non-contact separating phase, or , (3) A liquid-liquid phase transition method that is both (1) and (2). 2. The glycol polymer has an average number of molecules of 1,000 or more and 3,000 or less. The method of Embodiment 1. 3. The glycol polymer comprises polypropylene glycol, as in Embodiment 1 or the Embodiment Method 2. 4. The glycol polymer contains polyethylene glycol, in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment Method 2. 5. The glycol polymer is PEG-Ran-PG or PPG-PEG-PPG. Alternatively, PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG- PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, Embodiment 1 comprises a block copolymer selected from any combination thereof. Or the method of Embodiment 2. 6. The second liquid phase containing the glycol polymer is an alkylene glycol alkyl ether, Dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, Trialkylene glycol alkyl ether , a glycol selected from alkylene glycol dialkyl or any combination thereof Embodiment 1 further contains a coal ether, and the alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl. This is the method of Embodiment 2. 7. The method of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, wherein the phase transition temperature includes the combined cloud point. 8. The second liquid phase is a density-reducing reagent, a density-enhancing reagent, a viscosity-reducing reagent, or any of the above. The method of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 further includes a combination of the above. 9. The glycol polymer is at least 80% of the second liquid phase relative to the total weight of the second phase. The second liquid phase constitutes less than 20 wt.% of the total weight of the second phase, with the second liquid phase being less than 20 wt.% water. A method of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, including a phase. 10. A number-average molecular weight of 3,000 or less is present in approximately 1 to 80 weight percent of the entire composition. at least one glycol polymer, A glycol polymer composition containing approximately 1 to 99 percent by weight of water in the total composition. hand Beyond a certain point, the composition undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition, forming a liquid phase containing glycol polymers. (1) The density of the formed liquid phase is less than 1 gram per 1 mL, (2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is measured by a calorimeter and is greater than 5 kJ per kg. a composition. 11. The glycol polymer has a number average molecular weight of 1000 or more, according to the set of Embodiment 10. Finished product. 12. Approximately 0.25 to 30 weight percent of the total composition, with a density of less than 1 g / mL at 10°C. The present invention further comprises an organic reagent having a degree, (1) the organic reagent without a glycol polymer, (2) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water, and without organic reagents, The implementation has a temperature, and (1) and (2) have temperatures that are more than + / - 0.3 degrees K different. A composition of embodiment 10 or embodiment 11. 13. The organic reagent and glycol polymer exhibit a combined cloud point, as in Embodiment 10. or 11 compositions. 14. Alkylene glycol alkyl ether, Dialkylene glycol alkyl ether Lu, Trial chloro glycol alkyl ether, alkylene glycol dialkyl, Or a combination of those, approximately 0.5 to 50 percent by weight of glycerin. Embodiment 10 further contains a coal ether, and the alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl. Or the composition of Embodiment 11. 15. Glycol polymer is PEG-Ran-PG or PPG-PEG-PPG , or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG -PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG Embodiments comprising a block copolymer selected from, or any combination thereof A composition of embodiment 10 or 11. Set 2 1. A liquid-liquid phase transition method, which includes: A step of forming a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water, The composition undergoes a phase transition at a temperature above its cloud point to form at least two liquid phases. Including the degree, The first of the two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt% water. The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer. (1) A second liquid phase containing glycol polymer is prepared at 50 wt according to ASTM D1122. It has a density lower than the density of a liquid phase containing more than % water. (2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is measured by a calorimeter and is greater than 5 kJ per kg. A liquid-liquid phase transition method. 2. The method of Embodiment 1, wherein the glycol polymer contains polypropylene glycol. 3. The method of Embodiment 1, wherein the glycol polymer contains polyethylene glycol. 4. The method of Embodiment 1, wherein the glycol polymer includes a block copolymer. 5. The block copolymer is PEG-Ran-PG or PPG-PEG-PPG. Alternatively, PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG- PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, The method of Embodiment 4, or a combination thereof selected from any of them. 6. The glycol polymer has an average number of molecules of 1,000 or more and 3,000 or less. The method of Embodiment 1. 7. Embodiment in which the second phase containing the glycol polymer further contains a glycol ether Method 1. 8. The glycol ether is an alkylene glycol alkyl ether, a diallene Glycol alkyl ether, Trialqylene glycol alkyl ether, Alkylene Selected from glycol dialkyl or any combination thereof, where alkyl is C The method of Embodiment 7, wherein the alkyl group is 1-C6 alkyl. 9. The method of Embodiment 7, wherein the cloud point includes a combined cloud point. 10. A number-average molecular weight of 3,000 or less is present in approximately 1 to 80 weight percent of the entire composition. at least one glycol polymer, A glycol polymer composition containing approximately 1 to approximately 99 weight percent water of the total composition. , Beyond a certain point, the composition undergoes a liquid-liquid phase transition, forming a liquid phase containing glycol polymers. (1) The density of the formed liquid phase is less than 1 gram per 1 mL, (2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is measured by a calorimeter and is greater than 5 kJ per kg. A glycol polymer composition. 11. Approximately 0.25 to 30 weight percent of the total composition, with a density of less than 1 g / mL at 10°C. The composition of Embodiment 10 further comprises an organic reagent having a degree. 12. (1) The organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water without glycol polymer, (2 ) Embodiment 11 in which the glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water without the use of organic reagents. The composition of. 13. The composition of Embodiment 12, wherein (1) and (2) are at different temperatures. 14. The combination of the organic reagent and the glycol polymer exhibits a cloud point, as in Embodiment 11. composition. 15. (1) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water without organic reagents, (2 ) The composition has a combined cloud point, and (3) the temperature of "(1)" is + A composition of Embodiment 11 that differs by more than -0.3deg K. 16. (1) The organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water without glycol polymer, (2 ) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water without organic reagents, and (3) the composition The object has a combined cloud point, and (4) the temperature of "(3)" is "(1)" or "(2 A composition of Embodiment 11, which has a temperature different from that of, or both of the above. 17. Approximately 1 to approximately 80 weight percent of the total composition, with a value of 2,000 or more and 3,000 or less. At least one polypropylene glycol having a number-average molecular weight, A glycol polymer composition containing approximately 1 to approximately 99 weight percent water of the total composition. , (1) A composit...

Claims

1. A liquid-liquid phase transition method: A step of forming a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water, The composition is subjected to a phase transition at a temperature above its cloud point to form at least two liquid phases. The process involves determining that the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is measured by a calorimeter for mixing, and that 1 kg The process includes a value exceeding 5 kJ per unit. The first liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases contains more than 50 wt% water. The second liquid phase of the at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer. (1) The second liquid phase containing the glycol polymer is separated non-contact from the other liquid phases. In this case, at a temperature of 10°C, according to ASTM D1122, the above contains more than 50 wt% water. It has a density lower than the density of the liquid phase, or (2) The second liquid phase containing the glycol polymer has a viscosity of less than 100 cP at 25°C. The viscosity is measured using a viscometer in the second liquid phase, which is a non-contact separating phase. or, (3) A method that is both (1) and (2).

2. The glycol polymer has an average number of molecules of 1,000 or more and 3,000 or less. The method according to claim 1.

3. The glycol polymer comprises polypropylene glycol, as described in claim 1 or 2. Method of loading.

4. The glycol polymer comprises polyethylene glycol, as described in claim 1 or 2. The method.

5. The glycol polymer is PEG-Ran-PG or PPG-PEG-PPG , or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG -PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG Claim 1 comprises a block copolymer selected from, or any combination thereof. Or the method described in 2.

6. The second liquid phase containing the glycol polymer is an alkylene glycol alkyl ether , dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, trialkylene glycol alkyl ether A selected from , alkylene glycol dialkyl or any combination thereof. Claim 1, further comprising a recall ether, wherein the alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl group. This is the method described in 2.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the phase transition temperature includes a combined cloud point.

8. The second liquid phase is a density-reducing reagent, a density-enhancing reagent, a viscosity-reducing reagent, or any of the above. The method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising the combination thereof.

9. The glycol polymer is less than the second liquid phase relative to the total weight of the second phase. It constitutes at least 70 wt.%, and the second liquid phase is 30% of the total weight of the second phase. The method according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an aqueous phase of less than wt. %.

10. Approximately 1 to 80 weight percent of the entire composition, having a number average molecular weight of 3,000 or less. At least one glycol polymer, A glycol polymer composition containing approximately 1 to 99 percent by weight of water in the total composition. hand, Beyond that point, a liquid phase containing glycol polymers is formed due to a liquid-liquid phase transition, and the cloud point temperature Includes, (1) If the density of the formed liquid phase is separated non-contact with other liquid phases, then at 10°C At this temperature, it is less than 1 gram per 1 mL. (2) The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a calorimeter for mixing. A composition.

11. The glycol polymer has a number average molecular weight of 1000 or more, as described in claim 10. The composition of.

12. Approximately 0.25 to 30 weight percent of the entire composition, with a density of less than 1 g / mL at 10°C. (1) The organic reagent is contained in water without glycol polymer. (2) The glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water without the organic reagent. The claim is that (1) and (2) have temperatures that are more than + / - 0.3 deg K different. The composition described in item 10 or 11.

13. The organic reagent and the glycol polymer exhibit a combined cloud point, according to claim 10. The composition described in 11.

14. Alkylene glycol alkyl ether, Dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, Trial chylene glycol alkyl ether, alkylene glycol dialkyl or so Approximately 0.5 to 50 weight percent glycol, selected from any of these combinations. Claim 10 or 11 further comprises an ether, wherein the alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl group. The composition described above.

15. The glycol polymer is PEG-Ran-PG or PPG-PEG-PPG , or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG -PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG Claim 1 comprises a block copolymer selected from, or any combination thereof. The composition described in 0 or 11.

Images