Grinding machine

Abstract

The present invention provides a grinding machine that can reduce the size of the bed in the Z-axis direction, even when equipped with a swivel grinding wheel base fitted with a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel, an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel, and an internal grinding wheel. [Solution] The bed 2 of the grinding machine 1 is provided with at least two of the following: a first mounting surface 21 for mounting a first swivel grinding wheel base, a second mounting surface 22 for mounting a second swivel grinding wheel base, and a third mounting surface 23 for mounting a third swivel mounting base. The positions of the first mounting surface 21 to the third mounting surface 23 are determined such that the Z-axis position of the machining point on the workpiece W of the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel of the first swivel grinding wheel base mounted on the first mounting surface 21, the machining point on the workpiece W of the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel of the second swivel grinding wheel base mounted on the second mounting surface 22, and the machining point on the internal grinding wheel of the third swivel grinding wheel base mounted on the third mounting surface 23 are the same.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a grinding machine.

[0002] In this specification and the claims, the left and right sides of FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5 are referred to as left and right, the lower side (left side of FIG. 3) of FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5 is referred to as the front, and the opposite side is referred to as the rear.

Background Art

[0003] As a grinding machine, a bed, a table disposed on the bed so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, which is the axial direction of the workpiece, on the rear side (opposite side to the operator) of the headstock and the center rest, a first moving mechanism having a Z-axis drive motor and a Z-axis drive ball screw and moving the table in the Z-axis direction, a grinding wheel table disposed on the table so as to be movable in the X-axis direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction, a second moving mechanism having an X-axis drive motor and an X-axis drive ball screw and moving the grinding wheel table in the X-axis direction, a rotatable grinding wheel shaft provided on the grinding wheel table and holding a grinding wheel at its tip, a grinding wheel shaft motor for rotating the grinding wheel shaft, a headstock and a center rest disposed on the bed at positions spaced apart from each other in the Z-axis direction on the front side (operator side) of the table on the bed and fixed to the bed and rotatably supporting the workpiece, and a turret device provided on the headstock are known (see Patent Document 1).

[0004] The grinding machine described in Patent Document 1 is configured to change the fixed positions of the headstock and the center rest in the Z-axis direction according to the length of the workpiece.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] Incidentally, a grinding machine may also be equipped with a swivel grinding wheel base, a movable part positioned on the grinding wheel base so as to be movable in the X-axis direction, and a swivel part positioned on the movable part so as to be rotatable around the Z-axis and the B-axis perpendicular to the X-axis, on which the grinding wheel is mounted. Figure 7 shows a specific example of a swivel part 100 on a swivel grinding wheel base, on which a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel 101, an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 102, and an internal grinding wheel 103 are mounted.

[0007] In the grinding machine described in Patent Document 1, when a swivel grinding wheel base is placed on a table movable in the Z-axis direction, the machining point will differ depending on whether a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel or an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel is mounted on the swivel part of the swivel grinding wheel base. Figure 8 shows point P when machining a workpiece W with a swivel grinding wheel base having a swivel part 100 equipped with two plain-type cylindrical grinding wheels 101, and Figure 8 shows point Q when machining a workpiece W with a swivel grinding wheel base having a swivel part 100 equipped with two angle-type cylindrical grinding wheels 102. Figure 9 also shows the case where the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 102 on the swivel part 100 is dressed with a dresser 111 attached to the headstock 110. In this case, the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 102 is at machining point Q. Therefore, when machining the right end of the workpiece W with a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel 101 (see Figure 8) and when dressing with an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 102 (see Figure 9), the relative movement distance in the Z-axis direction between the paired headstock 110 and tailstock 112 and the swivel grinding wheel base is greatest, resulting in a problem where the size of the bed in the Z-axis direction increases.

[0008] The object of this invention is to solve the above problems and provide a grinding machine that can reduce the size of the bed in the Z-axis direction even when equipped with a swivel grinding wheel base on which a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel, an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel, and an internal grinding wheel are mounted. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To achieve the above objective, the present invention comprises the following embodiments.

[0010] 1) A grinding machine comprising a bed, a headstock and a tailstock arranged on the bed at a distance from each other in the Z-axis direction which is the axial direction of the workpiece and facing each other, and a swivel grinding wheel base arranged on the bed so as to be movable in the X-axis direction which is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction, wherein the swivel grinding wheel base comprises a grinding wheel base, a movable part arranged on the grinding wheel base so as to be movable in the X-axis direction, and a swivel part on the movable part so as to be rotatable around the B-axis which is perpendicular to the Z-axis and the X-axis, and on which a grinding wheel is mounted, A grinding machine wherein one of the following is mounted on the bed: a first swivel grinding wheel base on which a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel is mounted on the swivel section; a second swivel grinding wheel base on which an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel is mounted on the swivel section; and a third swivel mounting base on which an internal grinding wheel is mounted on the swivel section. The bed is provided with at least two mounting surfaces, including a first mounting surface for mounting the first swivel grinding wheel base, a second mounting surface for mounting the second swivel grinding wheel base, and a third mounting surface for mounting the third swivel mounting base. The positions of the first to third mounting surfaces are determined such that the Z-axis position of the processing point of the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel on the first swivel grinding wheel base mounted on the first mounting surface, the processing point of the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel on the second swivel grinding wheel base mounted on the second mounting surface, and the processing point of the internal grinding wheel on the third swivel grinding wheel base mounted on the third mounting surface are the same.

[0011] 2) The grinding machine according to 1), wherein the headstock and tailstock are arranged on a table that is movable in the Z-axis direction on the bed, the headstock is provided with a dresser for dressing the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel of the first swivel grinding wheel stand, the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel of the second swivel grinding wheel stand, and the internal grinding wheel of the third swivel grinding wheel stand, and the distance the table moves in the Z-axis direction is greater than or equal to the distance from the machining position of the end of the workpiece on the tailstock side to the position where the grinding wheel is dressed by the dresser.

[0012] 3) The grinding machine according to 2) above, wherein the length of the table in the Z-axis direction is greater than or equal to the sum of the lengths of the headstock and tailstock in the Z-axis direction plus the maximum length of the workpiece. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the grinding machines described in 1) to 3) above, the bed is equipped with one of the following: a first swivel grinding wheel holder with a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel mounted on the swivel section, a second swivel grinding wheel holder with an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel mounted on the swivel section, and a third swivel mounting base with an internal grinding wheel mounted on the swivel section. The bed is provided with at least two mounting surfaces: a first mounting surface for mounting the first swivel grinding wheel holder, a second mounting surface for mounting the second swivel grinding wheel holder, and a third mounting surface for mounting the third swivel mounting base. The processing point of the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel of the first swivel grinding wheel holder mounted on the first mounting surface is the processing point of the workpiece, and the angle-type circular grinding point of the second swivel grinding wheel holder mounted on the second mounting surface is the processing point of the workpiece. The positions of the first to third mounting surfaces are determined such that the Z-axis position of the machining point of the cylindrical grinding wheel relative to the workpiece and the Z-axis position of the machining point of the internal grinding wheel of the third swivel grinding wheel base attached to the third mounting surface are the same. Therefore, in both grinding machines where one of the first to third swivel grinding wheel bases is directly placed on the bed and the headstock and tailstock are placed on a table that is movable in the Z-axis direction on the bed, and grinding machines where one of the first to third swivel grinding wheel bases is placed on a table that is movable in the Z-axis direction on the bed and the headstock and tailstock are directly placed on the bed, the Z-axis position of the machining point relative to the workpiece is the same. Consequently, regardless of the type of swivel grinding wheel base, the Z-axis movement distance of the table required when machining the workpiece and dressing the grinding wheel is the same, and as a result, the Z-axis size of the bed can be reduced.

[0014] The grinding machine described in 2) above offers the following advantages. Specifically, while a dresser device could be installed between the headstock and tailstock on the table to simply reduce the size of the bed in the Z-axis direction, this would necessitate changing the dresser setup depending on the size and shape of the workpiece being machined. By installing the dresser on the headstock, the burden on the operator in performing setup changes and other tasks is reduced, and the expansion of the machine width can be kept to a minimum. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0015] [Figure 1] This is a plan view showing an embodiment of the grinding machine according to this invention, with the swivel grinding wheel base omitted. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a plan view showing a first swivel grinding wheel holder, with a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel mounted on its swivel section, attached to the first mounting surface on the bed of the grinding machine. [Figure 3] Figure 2 is a schematic side view showing the configuration of the grinding machine as seen from the right side. [Figure 4] This is a plan view showing the state in which a second swivel grinding wheel holder, with an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel mounted on its swivel section, is attached to the second mounting surface provided on the bed of the grinding machine shown in Figure 1. [Figure 5] This is a partial plan view showing the state in which a third swivel grinding wheel holder, with an internal grinding wheel mounted on the swivel section, is attached to the third mounting surface provided on the bed of the grinding machine shown in Figure 1. [Figure 6] Figures 2, 4, and 5 are schematic plan views showing the processing points of each grinding wheel in the grinding machine. [Figure 7] This is a schematic plan view showing specific examples of the swivel section of a swivel grinding wheel base equipped with a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel, an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel, or an internal grinding wheel. [Figure 8] This is a partially omitted plan view showing a conventional grinding machine used for machining a workpiece with a swivel grinding wheel base that has a swivel section equipped with two plain-type cylindrical grinding wheels. [Figure 9]It is a partially omitted plan view showing a conventional grinding machine when machining a workpiece with a swivel grinding table having a swivel part with two angle type cylindrical grinding wheels attached thereto.

Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention

[0016] Hereinafter, embodiments of this invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0017] FIG. 1 shows a grinding machine according to this invention with the swivel grinding table omitted. FIGS. 2 and 3 show a state where a first swivel grinding table with a plane type cylindrical grinding wheel attached to the swivel part is attached to a first mounting surface 21 provided on the bed of the grinding machine in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 shows a state where a second swivel grinding table with an angle type cylindrical grinding wheel attached to the swivel part is attached to a second mounting surface 22 provided on the bed of the grinding machine in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 shows a state where a third swivel grinding table with an internal grinding wheel attached to the swivel part is attached to a third mounting surface 23 provided on the bed of the grinding machine in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 shows the machining points of each grinding wheel in the grinding machines of FIGS. 2, 4, and 5.

[0018] In FIGS. 1 to 5, the grinding machine 1 includes a bed 2, a table 3 arranged movably in the Z-axis direction (left-right direction), which is the axial direction of the workpiece W, on the bed 2, a first moving mechanism 4 having a Z-axis drive motor 41 and a Z-axis drive ball screw 42 and moving the table 3 in the Z-axis direction, swivel grinding tables 5A, 5B, 5C directly arranged on the bed 2 behind the table 3 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction (front-back direction) perpendicular to the Z-axis direction (left-right direction), a second moving mechanism 6 having an X-axis drive motor 61 and an X-axis drive ball screw 62 and moving the swivel grinding tables 5A, 5B, 5C in the X-axis direction, spindle heads 7 and steady rests 8 arranged at intervals in the Z-axis direction on the table 3 and supporting the workpiece W rotatably in pairs, and a dresser 9 attached to the spindle head 7.

[0019] The swivel grinding wheel holders 5A, 5B, and 5C each include a grinding wheel holder base 51 fixed to the bed 2 by known fixing means such as bolts, a movable part 52 positioned to move in the X-axis direction relative to the grinding wheel holder base 51, and a swivel part 53 positioned on the movable part 52 to be rotatable around the B-axis (vertical axis) perpendicular to the Z-axis and X-axis. One of the following is mounted on the swivel part 53: a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54A, an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54B, and an internal grinding wheel 54C.

[0020] As shown in Figure 1, the portion of the bed 2 behind the table 3 is provided with a first mounting surface 21 for attaching a first swivel grinding wheel base 5A, which has two plain-type cylindrical grinding wheels 54A mounted on the swivel section 53; a second mounting surface 22 for attaching a second swivel grinding wheel base 5B, which has two angle-type cylindrical grinding wheels 54B mounted on the swivel section 53; and a third mounting surface 23 for attaching a third swivel grinding wheel base 5C, which has one internal grinding wheel 54C mounted on the swivel section 53.

[0021] As shown in Figure 6, the positions of the first mounting surface 21, the second mounting surface 22, and the third mounting surface 23 are determined such that the Z-axis positions of the machining point P of the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54A mounted on the swivel section 53 of the first swivel grinding wheel base 5A mounted on the first mounting surface 21, the machining point Q of the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54B mounted on the swivel section 53 of the second swivel grinding wheel base 5B mounted on the second mounting surface 22, and the machining point R of the internal grinding wheel 54C mounted on the swivel section 53 of the third swivel grinding wheel base 5C mounted on the third mounting surface 23 are the same. Figures 6(a), (b), and (c) show the case where the machining point Q of the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54B and the machining point R of the internal grinding wheel 54C are determined based on the machining point P of the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54A, while Figures 6(d), (e), and (f) show the case where the machining point P of the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54A and the machining point R of the internal grinding wheel 54C are determined based on the machining point Q of the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54B.

[0022] The Z-axis movement distance of table 3 is greater than or equal to the Z-axis distance S from the machining position P1 of the workpiece W at the right end by the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54A of the first swivel grinding wheel base 5A to the dressing position Q1 where the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54B of the second swivel grinding wheel base 5B is dressed by the dresser 9 (see Figure 1). In addition, the Z-axis length of table 3 is greater than or equal to the Z-axis length of the headstock 7 and tailstock 8 plus the maximum length of the workpiece W.

[0023] In the grinding machine 1 described above, the bed 2 is provided with a first mounting surface 21 for attaching the first swivel grinding wheel base 5A, a second mounting surface 22 for attaching the second swivel grinding wheel base 5B, and a third mounting surface 23 for attaching the third swivel grinding wheel base 5C. The Z-axis positions of the machining point P of the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54A mounted on the swivel section 53 of the first swivel grinding wheel base 5A mounted on the first mounting surface 21, the machining point Q of the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54B mounted on the swivel section 53 of the second swivel grinding wheel base 5B mounted on the second mounting surface 22, and the machining point R of the internal grinding wheel 54C mounted on the swivel section 53 of the third swivel grinding wheel base 5C mounted on the third mounting surface 23 are the same. Since the positions of the mounting surfaces 21 to 23 are fixed, in any of the following cases, the distance traveled by the table 3 in the Z-axis direction will be equal to the length in the Z-axis direction of the part of the workpiece W to be machined: when machining the workpiece W with a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54A mounted on the swivel section 53 of the first swivel grinding wheel base 5A mounted on the first mounting surface 21 (see Figures 6(a) and 6(e)); when machining the workpiece W with an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54B mounted on the swivel section 53 of the second swivel grinding wheel base 5B mounted on the second mounting surface 22 (see Figures 6(b) and 6(d)); or when machining the workpiece W with an internal grinding wheel 54C mounted on the swivel section 53 of the third swivel grinding wheel base 5C mounted on the third mounting surface 23 (see Figures 6(c) and 6(f)). Furthermore, when dressing the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel 54B mounted on the swivel section 53 of the second swivel grinding wheel base 5B attached to the second mounting surface 22 (see Figure 1), the travel distance of the table 3 in the Z-axis direction becomes the distance S from the machining point to the dresser 9 provided on the headstock 7. Therefore, the size of the bed 2 in the Z-axis direction can be reduced.

[0024] In the grinding machine 1 of the above embodiment, the swivel grinding wheel bases 5A to 5C are directly placed on the bed 2, and the headstock 7 and tailstock 8 are placed on a table 3 that is movable in the Z-axis direction on the bed 2. However, the invention is not limited to this, and can also be applied to a grinding machine in which one of the first to third swivel grinding wheel bases is placed on a table that is movable in the Z-axis direction on the bed 2, and the headstock 7 and tailstock 8 are directly placed on the bed 2, and the table is provided with first to third mounting surfaces.

[0025] Furthermore, although the description assumes that the bed is provided with a first mounting surface 21, a second mounting surface 22, and a third mounting surface 23, it is not necessary to provide all mounting surfaces on the bed. It is also acceptable to provide any two of the mounting surfaces, such as the first and second mounting surfaces, the second and third mounting surfaces, or the first and third mounting surfaces. [Industrial applicability]

[0026] The grinding machine according to this invention is preferably used as a grinding machine having one of the following: a swivel grinding wheel base equipped with a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel, a swivel grinding wheel base equipped with an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel, or a swivel grinding wheel base equipped with an internal grinding wheel. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0027] 1: Grinding machine, 2: Bed, 21: First mounting surface, 22: Second mounting surface, 23: Third mounting surface, 3: Table, 4: First moving mechanism, 5A: First swivel grinding wheel base, 5B: Second swivel grinding wheel base, 5C: Third swivel grinding wheel base, 51: Grinding wheel base, 52: Movable part, 53: Swivel part, 54A: Plain type cylindrical grinding wheel, 54B: Angle type cylindrical grinding wheel, 54C: Internal grinding wheel: Second moving mechanism, 7: Headstock, 8: Tailstock, 9: Dresser, P, Q, R: Machining point, W: Workpiece

Claims

1. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a headstock and a tailstock arranged on the bed at a distance from each other in the Z-axis direction, which is the axial direction of the workpiece, and forming a pair, and a swivel grinding wheel base arranged on the bed so as to be movable in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction, wherein the swivel grinding wheel base comprises a grinding wheel base, a movable part arranged on the grinding wheel base so as to be movable in the X-axis direction, and a swivel part on the movable part so as to be rotatable around the B-axis perpendicular to the Z-axis and the X-axis, and on which a grinding wheel is mounted, A grinding machine wherein one of the following is mounted on the bed: a first swivel grinding wheel base on which a plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel is mounted on the swivel section; a second swivel grinding wheel base on which an angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel is mounted on the swivel section; and a third swivel mounting base on which an internal grinding wheel is mounted on the swivel section. The bed is provided with at least two mounting surfaces, including a first mounting surface for mounting the first swivel grinding wheel base, a second mounting surface for mounting the second swivel grinding wheel base, and a third mounting surface for mounting the third swivel mounting base. The positions of the first to third mounting surfaces are determined such that the Z-axis position of the processing point of the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel on the first swivel grinding wheel base mounted on the first mounting surface, the processing point of the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel on the second swivel grinding wheel base mounted on the second mounting surface, and the processing point of the internal grinding wheel on the third swivel grinding wheel base mounted on the third mounting surface are the same.

2. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the headstock and tailstock are arranged on a table that is movable on the bed in the Z-axis direction, the headstock is provided with a dresser for dressing the plain-type cylindrical grinding wheel of the first swivel grinding wheel stand, the angle-type cylindrical grinding wheel of the second swivel grinding wheel stand, and the internal grinding wheel of the third swivel grinding wheel stand, and the distance the table moves in the Z-axis direction is greater than or equal to the distance from the machining position of the end of the workpiece on the tailstock side to the position where the grinding wheel is dressed by the dresser.

3. The grinding machine according to claim 2, wherein the length of the table in the Z-axis direction is greater than or equal to the sum of the lengths of the headstock and tailstock in the Z-axis direction plus the maximum length of the workpiece.

Images