Regulating pond discharge flow rate adjustment device and method

Abstract

The objective is to provide a reservoir discharge rate adjustment device that can discharge water up to the allowable discharge rate from a low water level in the reservoir using only a simple mechanism that does not require power. [Solution] A rotating shaft 22 with a vertical centerline is rotatably supported on the frame 21 of the variable orifice opening control device 2, and a cylindrical cam drum 24 with a cam groove 23 formed on its outer surface is fixed to the rotating shaft 22. A reinforcing member 25 with a U-shaped cross-section is fixed to the inner surface of the cam drum 24 to reinforce the cam groove 23. A roller 231 rotatably supported on the upper end of the gate operating rod 172 is fitted into the cam groove 23. A cylindrical float 31 is floating in the adjustment pond 1.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an adjustment pond discharge flow rate adjustment device and method that can discharge the allowable discharge flow rate from a time when the water level in the adjustment pond is low in the discharge of the adjustment pond.

Background Art

[0002] An adjustment pond functions to temporarily store rainwater before flowing into a river in order to adjust small-scale floods along with development projects such as housing construction. A fixed orifice is installed at the bottom of the adjustment pond. The maximum discharge flow rate from the fixed orifice is determined for each adjustment pond, and since the size of the fixed orifice is determined by the maximum discharge flow rate (allowable discharge flow rate) at the design maximum water level (H.W.L), the discharge flow rate is small at the initial stage of rainfall when the water level is low. Therefore, compared to pump drainage that can discharge the allowable discharge flow rate from a low water level, a large-capacity adjustment pond is required, and it takes a long time until the adjustment pond becomes empty.

[0003] However, although pump drainage is very effective in flood control measures, the risk of troubles due to power outages or motor immersion during disasters cannot be avoided. The adjustment pond discharge flow rate adjustment device of Patent Document 1 installs a variable orifice instead of a conventional fixed orifice with a fixed opening shape, widens the opening area of the variable orifice in advance, and narrows the opening area of the orifice as the float rises in response to the rising water level. However, the opening control method of the variable orifice is unclear and lacks practicality.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The present invention has been invented under the above technical background and achieves the following object. The objective of the present invention is to provide a reservoir discharge rate adjustment device and method that can discharge water from a reservoir up to the allowable discharge rate using only a simple mechanism that does not require power. Another object of the present invention is to provide a reservoir discharge rate adjustment device and method that can discharge the allowable discharge rate during renovation work on an existing reservoir or construction work on a new reservoir. Another object of the present invention is to provide a reservoir discharge rate adjustment device and method that are easy to maintain due to their simple mechanism. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] To solve the aforementioned problems, the present invention employs the following means. In other words, the reservoir discharge flow rate adjustment device of the present invention 1 is characterized by comprising: a variable orifice that discharges water from a reservoir, which is a reservoir that temporarily stores water; a movable gate positioned at the opening of the variable orifice and capable of changing the size of the opening area of ​​the variable orifice; a float that floats on the reservoir; a cylindrical cam drum with a cam surface formed on its circumferential surface and rotatably mounted; a rope with one end fixed to the float and the other end wound around the outer circumference of the cam drum; and a gate operating rod whose lower end is connected to the movable gate and whose upper end is engaged with the cam surface of the cam drum, and which drives the movable gate up and down by vertical movement.

[0007] The reservoir discharge rate adjustment device of the present invention 2 is characterized in that, in the present invention 1, the center line of the rotation axis of the cam drum is vertical or horizontal, the cam surface where the center line is vertical is formed on the outer surface, and the cam surface where the center line is horizontal is formed on the side surface. The reservoir discharge rate adjustment device of the present invention 3 is characterized in that, in the present invention 1 or 2, the variable orifice discharges an allowable discharge rate corresponding to each water level in the reservoir.

[0008] The reservoir discharge rate adjustment device of the present invention 4 is characterized in that, in the present invention 1 or 2, the variable orifice discharges the difference between the discharge rate of the fixed orifice and the allowable discharge rate according to each water level of the reservoir. The reservoir discharge flow rate adjustment device of the present invention 5 is characterized in that, in the present invention 1 or 2, it comprises a pipe-shaped gate operating rod guide member that guides the vertical movement of the gate operating rod and a float guide member that guides the vertical movement of the float.

[0009] The method for adjusting the discharge rate of a regulating pond according to the present invention, part 6, is characterized by setting the opening height of a variable orifice for each water level of the regulating pond, and controlling the opening area of ​​the variable orifice with a movable gate, thereby discharging the allowable discharge rate corresponding to each water level from the variable orifice. The method for adjusting the discharge rate of a regulating pond according to the present invention 7 is characterized by setting the opening height of the variable orifice at each water level of the regulating pond, setting the opening width of the variable orifice that can discharge the allowable discharge rate, and controlling the opening area of ​​the variable orifice with a movable gate, thereby discharging the allowable discharge rate from the variable orifice according to each water level.

[0010] The method for adjusting the discharge rate of a regulating pond according to the present invention 8 involves calculating the discharge rate from a fixed orifice at each water level of the regulating pond, calculating the insufficient discharge rate relative to the allowable discharge rate at each water level of the regulating pond, and providing a variable orifice that discharges the insufficient discharge rate relative to the allowable discharge rate at each water level of the regulating pond. The opening of the variable orifice is controlled by setting the opening height of the variable orifice and controlling the opening area of ​​the variable orifice with a movable gate, thereby discharging the difference between the discharge rate of the fixed orifice and the allowable discharge rate according to each water level from the variable orifice. It is characterized by the following: The method for adjusting the discharge rate of a regulating pond according to the present invention 9 involves calculating the discharge rate from a fixed orifice at each water level of the regulating pond, calculating the insufficient discharge rate relative to the allowable discharge rate at each water level of the regulating pond, and providing a variable orifice that discharges the insufficient discharge rate relative to the allowable discharge rate at each water level of the regulating pond. When the opening height of the variable orifice has already been set, the opening width of the variable orifice is set, and the opening area of ​​the variable orifice is controlled by a movable gate, thereby discharging the difference between the discharge rate of the fixed orifice and the allowable discharge rate according to each water level from the variable orifice. It is characterized by the following: [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] The effectiveness of the regulating pond according to the embodiment of the present invention in terms of required storage capacity has been confirmed, and some of these results are shown as examples of the effects of the present invention. Table 1 compares the required storage capacity of the present invention and a conventional fixed orifice based on the dimensions of the fixed orifice and variable orifice in Figures 5 and 6 and the calculation conditions described below, and it was confirmed that the present invention reduces the required storage capacity by approximately 20%.

[0012] [Table 1] [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is an overall longitudinal cross-sectional view when the fixed orifice and the regulating pond discharge rate adjustment device of the present invention are used in combination, and is an example where the center line of the rotation axis of the cam drum is vertical. [Figure 2] Figure 2 shows the cam drum of Figure 1, where (a) is a plan view with a section of it, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of (a) AA. [Figure 3] Figure 3 shows the engagement portion between the cam drum and the gate operating rod in Figure 2, where (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a cross-sectional view of (a) at the BB. [Figure 4] Figure 4 shows the float from Figure 1, where (b) is a longitudinal section and (a) is a cross-sectional view of (b). [Figure 5] Figure 5 shows how to calculate the discharge rate from an orifice when a fixed orifice and a variable orifice are used in combination, and the opening shape of the variable orifice is rectangular. [Figure 6]FIG. 6 shows a procedure for calculating the opening height of a variable orifice when a fixed orifice and a variable orifice are used in combination and the opening shape of the variable orifice is rectangular. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 shows a manufacturing procedure for a cam groove of a cam drum that controls the opening height of a variable orifice when a fixed orifice and a variable orifice are used in combination and the opening shape of the variable orifice is rectangular. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a graph showing the total discharge rate of the variable orifice and the fixed orifice of the present invention when a fixed orifice and a variable orifice are used in combination and the opening shape of the variable orifice is rectangular. [Figure 9a] FIG. 9a shows the result of calculating the opening width of a variable orifice when a fixed orifice and a variable orifice are used in combination, the gradient of a guide groove is constant, and the opening height of the variable orifice for each water level has already been set. [Figure 9b] FIG. 9b shows the opening shape of the variable orifice according to the calculation result of FIG. 9a. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an overall longitudinal sectional view when a fixed orifice of another embodiment of the present invention and a regulating pond discharge rate adjusting device are used in combination and the opening shape of the variable orifice is rectangular, and is an example in which the center line of the rotation axis of the cam drum is horizontal.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0014] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is an overall longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention in which a fixed orifice and a regulating pond discharge flow rate adjustment device are used in combination, and is an example in which the center line of the rotation axis of the cam drum is vertical. Figure 2 shows the cam drum of Figure 1, where (a) is a plan view with a section of part, and (b) is a cross-sectional view AA of (a). Figure 3 shows the engagement part between the cam drum of Figure 2 and the gate operating rod, where (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a cross-sectional view BB of (a). Figure 4 shows the float of Figure 1, where (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view and (a) is a cross-sectional view CC of (b). As shown in Figure 1, the regulating pond 1, which is a pond for storing water, is composed of a bottom plate 11, side walls 12, outer walls 13, discharge pipe 14, and top plate 15. A fixed orifice 16 with a constant opening area and a variable orifice 17 with a variable opening area are installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 11.

[0015] A movable gate 171 is attached to the variable orifice 17 so as to be vertically movable, which changes the size of the opening area of ​​the variable orifice 17. The movable gate 171 moves up and down by the vertical movement of a gate operating rod 172. The gate operating rod 172 extends through the top plate 15 to the top of the top plate 15 and is guided to smooth vertical movement by a pipe-shaped gate operating rod guide member 173. Water can be discharged from the regulating pond 1 through the discharge pipe 14 through the fixed orifice 16 and the variable orifice 17. A screen 18 prevents driftwood and other debris from entering the fixed orifice 16, the variable orifice 17, and the movable gate 171.

[0016] As shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4, a variable orifice opening control device 2 is installed on the upper surface of the top plate 15. A rotating shaft 22 with a vertical centerline is rotatably supported on the frame 21 of the variable orifice opening control device 2, and a cylindrical cam drum 24 with a cam groove 23 formed on its outer surface is fixed to the rotating shaft 22. A roller 231, rotatably supported at the upper end of the gate operating rod 172, is fitted into the cam groove 23. A cylindrical float 31 floats in the regulating pond 1. A pipe-shaped float guide member 32 is fixed to the upper surface of the bottom plate 11 of the regulating pond 1 and extends through the top plate 15 to the upper part of the top plate 15. The float 31 moves smoothly up and down, guided by the float guide member 32 through its guide roller 33 (see Figure 4).

[0017] The lower end of rope 34A is connected to float 31 via pulley 35A, and the upper end of rope 34A is fixed to the top of cam drum 24 via pulley 35C and wound around cam drum 24 clockwise. Also, the lower end of rope 34B is connected to float 31, and the upper end of rope 34B is fixed to the top of cam drum 24 via pulley 35B and wound around cam drum 24 counterclockwise. Therefore, when the water level rises and float 31 rises, rope 34A is pulled downward, causing cam drum 24 to rotate clockwise, and the gate operating rod 172 descends guided by the cam groove 23, causing the movable gate 171 to reduce the area of ​​the opening of the variable orifice 17.

[0018] Figure 5 shows the method for calculating the discharge rate from the orifices (fixed orifice 16, variable orifice 17 with rectangular openings). Figure 6 shows the procedure for calculating the opening height when the variable orifice 17 has a rectangular opening. As shown in Figure 6, in STEP 1, the discharge rate from the fixed orifice 16 at each water level of the regulating pond 1 is calculated. In STEP 2, the deficit between the allowable discharge rate and the discharge rate at each water level of the regulating pond 1 is calculated. In STEP 3, the opening height at which the deficit between the allowable discharge rate and the discharge rate at each water level is discharged from the variable orifice 17 is calculated by iterative calculation. Figure 7 shows the procedure for manufacturing the cam groove 23 of the cam drum 24 that controls the opening height of the variable orifice 17. As shown in Figure 7, in step 1, the opening width and height of the variable orifice 17 for each water level are determined.

[0019] In step 2, the design guide horizontal distance for each water level and the opening height of the variable orifice 17 are plotted on the variable orifice opening automatic control plate (cam drum 24). In step 3, the guide for automatic control of the variable orifice opening (cam groove 23) is manufactured. Figure 8 is a graph showing the total discharge volume of the variable orifice 17 and fixed orifice 16 of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8, the reservoir discharge volume adjustment device of the embodiment of the present invention has a variable orifice 17 with a variable opening area installed in combination with a fixed orifice 16 with a conventional fixed opening shape, so that it can discharge water up to the allowable discharge volume from a low water level in the reservoir using only a simple mechanism that does not use power.

[0020] Figure 9a shows the manufacturing procedure for the cam groove 23 of the cam drum 24 that controls the opening height of the variable orifice 17 in Figure 7. When the gradient of the cam groove 23 is kept constant, that is, when the opening height for each water level is already set, the area of ​​the variable orifice is controlled by the width of the variable orifice. Figure 6 shows the results of repeatedly calculating the opening width that discharges the difference between the allowable discharge rate and the actual discharge rate at each water level. Figure 9b shows the opening shape of the variable orifice based on the calculation results. The variable orifice 19 in Figure 9b changes its opening area by opening and closing the movable gate 191 using the gate operating rod 192. The opening shape of the variable orifice 19 is an inverted trapezoid.

[0021] Figure 10 is an overall vertical cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention in which a fixed orifice and a reservoir discharge rate adjustment device are used in combination, and is an example in which the centerline of the rotation axis of the cam drum is horizontal. In the frame 210 of the variable orifice opening control device 200 in Figure 10, a rotation axis 220 with a horizontal centerline is rotatably supported, and a disc-shaped cam drum 240 with a cam groove 230 formed on its side is fixed to the rotation axis 220. A roller (not shown) rotatably supported at the upper end of the gate operating rod 172 is fitted into the cam groove 230. The other structures are the same as the reservoir discharge rate adjustment device in Figure 1. Therefore, when the water level rises and the float 31 rises, the rope 34A is pulled downward, the cam drum 240 rotates clockwise, the gate operating rod 172 descends guided by the cam groove 230, and the movable gate 171 can reduce the area of ​​the opening of the variable orifice 17. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0022] 1…Retention pond 11…Bottom plate 12…Side wall 13…Exterior walls 14...Discharge pipe 15…Top version 16…Fixed orifice 17… Variable orifice 171... Mobile Gate 172...Gate operating rod 173...Gate operating rod guide member 18…Screen 19… Variable orifice 191... Mobile Gate 192...Gate operating rod 2,200... Variable Orifice Aperture Control Device 21, 210... mounting base 22, 220... Rotation axis 23, 230... cam groove 231... Roller 24, 240... Cam drum 31... Float 32... Float guide member 33… Guide roller 34A, 34B... Rope 35A, 35B, 35C... slides

Claims

1. A variable orifice that releases water from a retention pond, which is a pond that temporarily stores water, A movable gate is positioned at the opening of the variable orifice, and the size of the opening area of ​​the variable orifice is adjustable. The floats floating in the aforementioned retention pond, A cylindrical cam drum, with a cam surface formed on its circumferential surface and rotatably mounted, A rope, with one end fixed to the float and the other end wrapped around the outer circumference of the cam drum, A gate operating rod is provided, the lower end of which is connected to the movable gate, the upper end of which is engaged with the cam surface of the cam drum, and which drives the movable gate up and down by vertical movement. A reservoir discharge rate adjustment device consisting of the following components.

2. In the reservoir discharge flow rate adjustment device according to claim 1, The centerline of the rotation axis of the cam drum is vertical or horizontal. The cam surface with a vertical center line is formed on the outer circumferential surface, and the cam surface with a horizontal center line is formed on the side surface. A reservoir discharge flow rate adjustment device characterized by the following features.

3. In the reservoir discharge flow rate adjustment device according to claim 1 or 2, The aforementioned variable orifice releases an allowable discharge amount corresponding to each water level in the regulating pond. A reservoir discharge flow rate adjustment device characterized by the following features.

4. In the reservoir discharge flow rate adjustment device according to claim 1 or 2, The variable orifice discharges the difference between the discharge rate of the fixed orifice and the allowable discharge rate, corresponding to each water level in the regulating pond. A reservoir discharge flow rate adjustment device characterized by the following features.

5. In the reservoir discharge flow rate adjustment device according to claim 1 or 2, A pipe-shaped gate operating rod guide member that guides the vertical movement of the gate operating rod, A float guide member that guides the vertical movement of the float and A reservoir discharge rate adjustment device characterized by comprising the above.

6. The opening height of the variable orifice is set for each water level in the regulating reservoir, and the opening area of ​​the variable orifice is controlled by a movable gate, thereby releasing the allowable discharge rate corresponding to each water level from the variable orifice. A method for adjusting the discharge volume of a regulating reservoir, characterized by the following features.

7. The system works by setting the opening height of the variable orifice at each water level in the regulating pond, setting the opening width of the variable orifice to allow for the discharge of the permissible discharge rate, and controlling the opening area of ​​the variable orifice with a movable gate, thereby discharging the permissible discharge rate from the variable orifice according to each water level. A method for adjusting the discharge volume of a regulating reservoir, characterized by the following features.

8. The discharge rate from a fixed orifice at each water level of the regulating reservoir is calculated, the insufficient discharge rate relative to the allowable discharge rate at each water level of the regulating reservoir is calculated, and a variable orifice is provided to discharge the insufficient discharge rate relative to the allowable discharge rate at each water level of the regulating reservoir. The opening of the variable orifice is controlled by setting the opening height of the variable orifice and controlling the opening area of ​​the variable orifice with a movable gate, thereby discharging the difference between the discharge rate of the fixed orifice and the allowable discharge rate according to each water level from the variable orifice. A method for adjusting the discharge volume of a regulating reservoir, characterized by the following features.

9. The discharge rate from a fixed orifice at each water level of the regulating reservoir is calculated, the insufficient discharge rate relative to the allowable discharge rate at each water level of the regulating reservoir is calculated, and a variable orifice is provided to discharge the insufficient discharge rate relative to the allowable discharge rate at each water level of the regulating reservoir. When the opening height of the variable orifice has already been set, the opening width of the variable orifice is set, and the opening area of ​​the variable orifice is controlled by a movable gate, thereby discharging the difference between the discharge rate of the fixed orifice and the allowable discharge rate according to each water level from the variable orifice. A method for adjusting the discharge volume of a regulating reservoir, characterized by the following features.

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