Multi-layer or multi-layer insulating glass vision element, in particular a window element and / or a facade element, method for producing a multi-layer or multi-layer insulating glass vision element, and use of a multi-layer or multi-layer insulating glass vision element

Abstract

Functional multilayer insulating glass vision element, in particular a window element and / or facade element, a manufacturing method for a functional multilayer insulating glass vision element, and uses of the functional multilayer insulating glass vision element. The present invention relates to a multilayer glass vision element, in particular a multilayer insulating glass vision element for a window element and / or facade element, in particular for installation in a facade or in the interior spatial design of an architectural space, comprising at least one first glass pane and a second glass pane, and an inter-pane space between the first and second glass panes, the first and second glass panes being held at a predetermined distance by a spacer structure to form the inter-pane space separating them. According to the present invention, inter alia, a plurality of spangles are arranged in the multilayer glass vision element to form an exterior image (E), the plurality of spangles being provided in particular directly on the inner side of one of the glass panes of the multilayer glass vision element facing the inter-pane space.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a multi-pane vision element, in particular an insulating glass vision element, in particular a multi-pane vision element or insulating glass vision element with further functions, according to the preamble of claim 1. The multi-pane vision element or insulating glass vision element is preferably configured to have a further vision function, in particular a bird protection function. The invention also relates to a window element and / or facade element for installation in a facade or in the interior spatial design of an architectural space.

[0002] The invention also relates to a method for producing a multi-panel or multi-insulated glass vision element and to the use of a multi-panel or multi-insulated glass vision element, in particular as a window element and / or facade element, for further functional operations, preferably with a bird-protection vision function.

[0003] Glass or sign materials that are transparent on one side are already known in the prior art. However, the desired effect is one-sided transparency, which is primarily due to the fact that the glass or sign has a layer structure in which one side with a plurality of openings is coated with a light-absorbing coating. When viewed from the light-absorbing side, one side has a transparent layer and the other side is reflective, thereby preventing viewing from the other side. This condition can be used to achieve a desirable visual function, and the present invention particularly relates to a functional multilayer insulating glass visual element constructed based on the above basic concept. In particular, visual functions with more advanced functional effects are becoming increasingly important, and it is desirable to provide a solution that is rated as highly effective, especially for bird-visible glass. For this purpose, the same boundary conditions should also be taken into account.

[0004] US Patent Application Publication No. 2009 / 0169795 describes a similar type of layer structure formed as a dot screen film or texture, in particular a metallic texture that can be coated on one side with a light-absorbing material. Furthermore, printed glass with a light-absorbing black texture or reflective coating consisting of monofilaments with a metallic coating on one side is also known.

[0005] Indeed, the preferred solution in the glass industry to date has been printed or similar glasses. However, printed glasses with visual functions or more advanced functionalities, especially bird protection, always require a certain pressure on the outer side (shown as glass surface Pos1 in view (b) of FIG. 1A), i.e., on the outer surface of the glass sheet. This makes the solution more susceptible to soiling and raises warranty issues. Printing also requires a rather complicated manufacturing process, including hardening of the glass sheet, which is energy-intensive and can sometimes result in a deterioration of the glass quality (keyword "roller wave").

[0006] Furthermore, printing that can be classified as highly effective protection against bird strikes, especially on certain printed surfaces, is required, which results in a very high coverage of the glass surface. Depending on the color and the application, such printing generally requires a coverage of more than 15%. This is the case, for example, for brochures. https: / / vogelglas.Vogelwarte.ch / downloads / files / broschueren / Glasbroschuere_2022_D.pdf The results can be seen from page 39 of version number 1 and version number 2 of the same publication, where the coverage of the printing means is 20-25% or 11%, which still has a corresponding damaging effect on the human eye.

[0007] So-called composite glass or composite glass element is understood to be a composite consisting of at least two glass panes joined by a tear-resistant and viscoelastic laminate film. Such glass is used particularly in the architectural field, namely, primarily as a facade element, but also as a window element and / or facade element with appropriate safety. When properly bonded, the composite glass is classified as composite safety glass. For example, composite glass is known from the prior art in German Patent Application Publication No. 2313278 and German Utility Model No. 202008008318.

[0008] Composite safety glass (VSG) generally refers to a glass composite consisting of two panes of glass and one film. Applicant's International Publication No. 2019 / 038288 describes a composite glass vision element operating with a composite glass comprising a first pane of glass, a second pane of glass, and a laminate film composite disposed between the first pane of glass and the second pane of glass, bonding the first pane of glass to the second pane of glass. The visibility of the composite glass vision element is particularly enhanced by the presence of a plurality of spangles having a first light-absorbing surface disposed between the first and second laminate films, the spangles facing the light-absorbing surface of the first laminate film, and the spangles spaced apart from one another so that the composite glass can be seen through the light-absorbing surface of the spangles.

[0009] Sequins themselves are known only from the clothing sector and are described, for example, in DE-A 230 759 and EG-A 295 720 as reflective platelets for clothing.

[0010] According to WO 2019 / 038288, surprisingly, the introduction of spangles into a vision element made of composite glass can be carried out particularly advantageously via an internally contained laminate film composite, which offers particular advantages in many respects. In particular, composite glass vision elements as window and / or facade elements according to WO 2019 / 038288 can also be provided with the bird-protective visibility function, preferably as described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2020 / 0262185. In this respect, the solution according to WO 2019 / 038288 in which spangles are laminated between the panes and further protected within the composite allows for effective bird protection with a surprisingly low, in fact significantly lower, coverage, which is evident, for example, from the brochures https: / / vogelglas.Vogelwarte.ch / downloads / files / broschueren / Glasbroschuere_2022_D.pdf This shows the results that can be obtained from page 39 of version number 3 or version number 6 to version number 8, and therefore, a high level of effectiveness can already be achieved with a coverage rate of 0.8%.

[0011] In other words, the solution described in WO 2019 / 038288 has a coverage of less than 1% here, and the fact that this solution is not located on the glass surface Pos1 shown in detail in view (b) of Figure 1A sets a new standard.

[0012] However, the above-mentioned solutions, which are more advantageous in themselves, always require the use of composite glass, which therefore leads to high costs at least due to the additional composite glass panes and additional composite films, and also to the lamination process, which is likewise particularly energy-intensive.

[0013] However, the starting point for all types of glass fibers is individual glass, i.e. glass as a sheet, preferably as float glass. The sheet glass can exist, inter alia, as an unhardened or untempered sheet glass; such common sheets will be referred to below for the sake of brevity as "unhardened sheet glass" or "float glass", or simply as glass or simply as flat glass or simply as float glass or simply as flat glass.

[0014] Toughened forms of single pane glass are called single pane safety glass (ESG) or partially toughened glass (TVG). The latter is usually used as laminated or composite safety glass. When single pane safety glass breaks, it breaks into small, cornerless pieces, approximately 10 mm in size. When partially toughened glass (TVG) breaks, larger elements form and the fracture extends to the edge of the glass. Residual load capacity is maintained.

[0015] Here, for example, composite safety glass has more safety features than monolithic glass (vibration isolation, significantly lower risk of fracture damage, residual load capacity after partial fracture) due to the laminating film used in the composite safety glass, which is usually permanently bonded to the glass panes under the action of heat and pressure, and also partly under vacuum. In order to classify composite glass as composite safety glass, the adhesion within the composite is important.

[0016] In particular, there is an ever-increasing demand for glass not only for facade design but also for glass walls in interior areas that are transparent or visible only from the interior space and at the same time meet safety requirements. At the same time, architects and clients are demanding as much design freedom as possible in the design of facade optics.

[0017] Layer structures known from the prior art, such as texture or dot screen films coated on one side with a light-reflecting surface, can certainly be used as inserts in composite safety glass, but the composite has limited adhesion and can only be continuously produced in limited widths, which significantly limits its use, especially with large-area glass fiber elements. Furthermore, the coated textures can only be produced with the same mesh openings across the entire surface for each glass sheet.

[0018] In contrast, the fracture behavior of unhardened single pane glass (float glass) cannot be controlled as well as the fracture behavior of safety glass, but hardened single pane glass, in particular single pane safety glass, is usually not always required in various applications, and nevertheless, unhardened single pane glass (hereinafter also sometimes referred to as plain float glass) has proven to be very advantageous.

[0019] Furthermore, an increasing demand has been found for multi-pane or insulated glass vision elements, in particular for functional vision elements with more advanced functions, in particular double-pane or triple-pane or insulated glass vision elements, which preferably comprise or consist of untempered or largely untempered and / or unhardened single pane glass, i.e. unhardened single pane glass in the general sense described above (hereinafter also referred to in part simply as float glass).

[0020] Thus, a significant proportion or even the majority of current window and / or facade elements (even without safety features) are used as simple multiple-glazed or multiple-insulating glass elements, i.e. with unhardened single pane glass in the general sense described above (hereinafter also partly referred to simply as float glass). In connection with double-glazed or insulating glass elements, mention may also be made of simple double-glazed or simple double-insulating glass. Correspondingly, in connection with triple-glazed or triple-insulating glass elements, mention may also be made of triple-glazed or triple-insulating glass.

[0021] This is especially the case for (unprotected, i.e., without safety features) window and / or facade elements that comprise two panes of unhardened single glass separated by an inter-pane space, and in many cases these two panes and the inter-pane space (SZR) are enclosed by a frame, for example to form a commercial window. The gaps between the panes are usually filled with an insulating gas such as argon or krypton. The panes are hermetically sealed, but not evacuated.

[0022] In this context, there is also vacuum insulating glass. If the inter-pane space (SZR) is evacuated, this is correspondingly called vacuum insulating glass. Correspondingly, the above-mentioned concepts should be interpreted in the same way for triple-glazed or triple-insulating glass elements, if three glass panes are assembled. This also applies to the multi-pane or insulating glass viewing elements mentioned at the beginning.

[0023] An up-to-date overview of the various products, including so-called vacuum insulating glass (VIG), is available at https: / / www.tu-darmstadt.de / glass-cc / forschung / forschungsgebiete / produkte / produkte.de.jsp This can be seen from the above.

[0024] The retrofitting of films on the outer surface of existing window facades known for bird strike protection or the printing of glass panes as described above (i.e. for retrofitted or newly installed elements) has proven practically always to be done with partial or full film. Retrofitting of glass panes is often not possible. Adhesion of printed bird protection films is often difficult due to the risk of thermal breakage of the glass panes due to their high coverage and absorption.

[0025] Other glass treatments are still laborious and require partial or total contact, which is often not possible for the user to perform. This, together with the use of lift platforms and weather dependence, leads to high costs. Furthermore, these solutions are often exposed to the weather and therefore are unstable or have poor visual impact.

[0026] It is also possible to provide advantageous viewing functions for multi-layer or insulating glass elements, thereby providing multi-layer glass viewing elements that can be made with improved, and in particular more advanced, functions, in the form of window and / or facade elements for installation in facades or in the interior design of architectural spaces. This is preferably possible without increasing the number of glass processing steps and thus the energy demands required for this. Advantageously, this can be based, in particular, on unhardened monolithic glass in the general sense described above (hereinafter partially referred to simply as float glass).

[0027] The present invention therefore has as its object the provision of an improved multi-pane vision element for window elements and / or facade elements for installation in facades or in the interior design of architectural spaces, in particular with an additional functional effect, preferably bird-protecting visibility, in particular bird-protecting visibility that can be rated as highly effective. Such an improved multi-pane vision element should not only be durable and provide an optimized visual impression, but also offer optimized design freedom for the facade or interior design. The multi-pane vision element can in particular be based on unhardened monolithic glass in the general sense described above (hereinafter also referred to in part as simply float glass).

[0028] The above-mentioned object is achieved by a one-sided transparent functional multi-glass vision element, in particular in the broad sense, in particular a multi-layer insulating glass vision element, according to claim 1. The transparent functional multi-glass vision element, in particular in the broad sense, is designed in particular for a window element and / or a facade element. The transparent functional multi-glass vision element, in particular in the broad sense, preferably has a bird-proof viewing function, in particular a bird-proof viewing function that can be rated as highly effective. Advantageously, the multi-glass vision element comprises or consists of a single pane of glass based on unhardened single pane glass in the general sense described above (hereinafter also referred to in part simply as float glass).

[0029] The invention further relates to a window element and / or facade element for installation in a facade or in the interior spatial design of an architectural space, comprising the above-mentioned multi-glass viewing element according to claim 24.

[0030] The invention furthermore relates in particular to the use of the functional multi-pane vision element as claimed in claim 27, preferably as a window element and / or facade element with a bird-proof viewing function.

[0031] The above problem is solved according to a first aspect of the present invention by a multi-layer glass viewing element, in particular a multi-layer insulating glass viewing element, as defined in claim 1, for a window element and / or a facade element, in particular for assembly situations in a facade or in the interior space design of an architectural space.

[0032] Multi-layer glass visual elements at least one first glass pane and a second glass pane, and at least one inter-pane space between the first glass pane and the second glass pane to separate them; At least the first glass plate and the second glass plate are held at a predetermined distance by a spacer structure to form an inter-plate space that separates them.

[0033] According to the present invention, a plurality of sequins arranged within a multi-layer glass visual element to form an exterior image; - the sequins have a light-absorbing surface and a light-reflecting surface, and are arranged so that the light-absorbing surface faces the interior space of the building and the light-reflecting surface faces the exterior space of the building when the multi-layer glass visual element is assembled; the sequins are spaced apart from one another so that the multi-layer glass visual element is visible through the light-absorbing side of the sequins and substantially invisible through the light-reflecting side of the sequins; - a plurality of spangles are provided on the inner side of one of the glass panes of the multi-layer glass visual element, facing the interspace; It is structured as follows.

[0034] Particularly advantageously, in one development, the spangles are provided on one of the first and second glass panes of the multi-glass vision element.

[0035] The spangles are particularly preferably provided directly on the inside of one of the panes of the multi-pane vision element, facing the inter-pane space. In another development, it is therefore particularly advantageous to provide the spangles directly on the inside of one of the panes, facing the inter-pane space. In an alternative development, the spangles can also be provided directly on the coating of one of the panes, facing the inter-pane space.

[0036] The present invention recognizes that the application of multiple spangles, especially directly on the inner side of the first and / or second glass panes facing the inter-pane space, allows the multi-layer viewing element to provide a continuous observation function with an optimized visual impression, and on the other hand, allows optimized design freedom for the facade or interior space design. The spangles and thus the entire multi-pane viewing element, especially the entire insulating glass viewing element, are protected from weather and mechanical loads, for example from small scratches by children.

[0037] On the one hand, in the case of transparent, in particular broadly defined, functional multi-pane or functional insulating glass vision elements, particularly preferably window and / or facade elements with bird-protective visibility, the first and second glass panes and the inter-pane space arranged between the first and second glass panes are preferably substantially optically transparent or see-through. Thus, the spaces between the spaced-apart spangles are preferably substantially optically transparent or see-through, so that the multi-pane vision element, in particular the multi-pane insulating glass vision element, is only sufficiently optically transparent or essentially see-through in these spaces.

[0038] However, light-absorbing structures, such as black or dark structures, appear dark to the human eye, especially when they contrast strongly with their surroundings: they appear to the observer to be color-neutral to their surroundings and are therefore not perceived.

[0039] This is different from reflective bright structures, which are clear to the observer. This means that, for example, a window pane with several black stripes is see-through by the observer, i.e., the environment behind the pane is clearly perceptible, whereas a window pane with several bright, i.e., reflective, stripes in the same arrangement is clearly perceived by the observer, and the environment behind the pane is not or hardly not perceptible at all. In this case, the bright structures form a lower contrast with their surroundings than the black structures, so that the background behind the bright structures is perceived weakly and is obscured by them.

[0040] The present invention involves the recognition of the use of multiple sequins that can achieve a smaller coverage ratio compared to dot screen films and can better achieve the above objectives, especially the additional functional effects mentioned above.

[0041] Unlike known dot screen films or textures, the use of individual spangles without interconnected structures allows for much greater freedom in placement and shape, and therefore design freedom is only limited in that transparency is maintained on one side only. The use of spangles also allows for easier manufacturing, which is particularly relevant as the spacing between spangles increases as the facade grows, allowing for the display of structures that change over the length of the plate. The use of plastic films is not necessary, and the spangle dots are mechanically applied directly to the glass plate.

[0042] The so-called "on-glass" solution described here for the first time sets new standards. Advantageously, as shown, a highly effective bird protection function is already possible with a coverage of 5% or less, in particular 3% or less. In particular, the above-mentioned coverage for a highly effective bird protection function can be less than 2%, preferably less than 1%, in particular less than 0.5%. The solution here is further advantageously obtained without the window surface being completely glued, protected from weathering, and protected from mechanical loads.

[0043] Furthermore, by applying the individual spangles directly to the glass panes, for example to the inside of a first pane of glass as the outer glass, the laminating film required during lamination and the associated energy-intensive lamination process using a second pane of glass are eliminated. Laminating films for composite glass are tear-resistant and viscoelastic, and are made, for example, from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU), or ionoplasts or ionomers, i.e., polymeric materials that have ionic bonds between the macromolecules in addition to the usual subvalent bonds.

[0044] Within the scope of the present invention, spangles are understood to mean thin platelets, either single-layered or multi-layered. Light-absorbing means absorbing at least 60% of visible light. Structures or materials that are said to be light-absorbing appear to the human eye as black or in any case very dark.

[0045] It has already been found that with a relatively open screen (for example, a 9 / 70 mm screen, i.e., a square dot screen with a side length of 70 mm and 9 mm diameter sequins) and a correspondingly small coverage, a more effective bird protection is achieved, in each case less than 3%. In the example of the 9 / 70 mm screen mentioned above, effective bird protection is already possible with a coverage of 1.25%. It has also been found that with a much more open screen, for example, a 9 / 90 mm screen (i.e., a square dot screen with a side length of 90 mm and 9 mm diameter sequins) and a correspondingly smaller coverage (in each case less than 1%), highly effective bird protection is already achieved, with effective bird protection at coverages of 0.8% or less in the examples mentioned above.

[0046] "Coverage" means the area coverage of spangles on glass per unit area of ​​glass.

[0047] In the following, advantageous developments of the invention are described, the additional features of the embodiments of which can be combined with one another to form respective developments, unless the embodiments are explicitly stated as mutually alternative in the following description.

[0048] Advantageously, the glass panes of the multi-pane vision element are constructed from unhardened single pane glass, in particular plain float glass.

[0049] In a first advantageous development, at least the first and second glass panes, and in particular optionally the third glass pane, are configured as unhardened single panes of glass, in particular plain float glass.

[0050] In a second advantageous development, at least the first glass pane is formed as a non-hardened single pane of glass, in particular plain float glass, or as a composite glass with composite safety glass, and the second glass pane, and in particular also optionally the third glass pane, is formed as a non-hardened single pane of glass, in particular plain float glass.

[0051] The application of spangles allows the use of untempered glass sheets, i.e., the above-mentioned unhardened single pane glass, in particular plain float glass, thus eliminating the energy-intensive process of hardening. The spangles can be applied in particular before cutting in a strip size format in a float glass factory. The application of spangles therefore allows the use of untempered glass sheets in a strip size format, in particular before cutting, which, as explained, is advantageous in particular for plain float glass.

[0052] The aforementioned development has the further advantage that additional glass panes (required for composite glass) can be largely dispensed with. Furthermore, if the spangles are applied directly to the unhardened single glass panes, the lamination process becomes unnecessary. The resulting additional costs in terms of energy and CO2 during production can be advantageously avoided. Furthermore, since the glass panes are thinner than composite glass panes, the resulting weight of the facade is also avoided.

[0053] Advantageously, the spangles are arranged (as already mentioned above) in particular directly on the inner side facing the inter-sheet space of one of the glass panes, in particular the first and / or second pane. Alternatively, in one development, the spangles can also be arranged directly on the coating of one of the glass panes, in particular the first and / or second pane, in the inner side facing the inter-sheet space. Examples of the two embodiments are explained in the examples herein with reference to the drawings.

[0054] Advantageously, the spangles can be applied exclusively to the inside of the first and / or second pane of glass facing the inter-pane space, in particular exclusively to the inside of the first and / or second pane of a two-pane or three-pane vision element facing the inter-pane space, which has the advantage that the spangles can act towards the outside as close as possible to the outside space (without being hindered as much as possible by the glass coating provided in front of them).

[0055] Advantageously, In the assembled state of the multi-layer glass visual element, the first glass sheet is provided as an outer glass facing the exterior space of the building, and the second glass sheet is provided as an inner glass facing the interior space of the building. It is structured as follows.

[0056] Advantageously, the first glass pane and the second glass pane are configured to be single panes of the multi-pane vision element, in order to form the multi-pane vision element as a two-pane vision element.

[0057] Advantageously, in order to form the multi-pane visual element as a three-pane visual element, the multi-pane visual element has a third glass pane in addition to the first and second glass panes, and another inter-pane space is provided between the second and third glass panes to separate them, and the third glass pane is configured as an inner glass facing the interior space of the building.

[0058] In other words, advantageously, following the second glass plate, another plate interspace is configured to be held at a predetermined distance by a third glass plate including a spacer structure, in order to form the multi-glass visual element as a three-glass visual element.

[0059] Advantageously, the spacer structure is formed as a peripheral frame for the first glass pane, for the second glass pane and optionally for the third glass pane, which peripheral frame is configured to hold the first glass pane, the second glass pane and optionally the third glass pane at a predetermined distance.

[0060] Advantageously, the inter-pane space separating the first and second glass panes and optionally also the further inter-pane space separating the second and third glass panes are configured to be air-free in order to form the multi-pane visual element as a multi-pane insulating glass visual element.

[0061] Advantageously, for insulating glass visual elements, all or several of the inter-plate spaces (here the inter-plate spaces and / or further inter-plate spaces) are filled with an insulating gas, in particular argon or krypton, or are air-free and in particular evacuated, so that the multi-layer glass visual element is preferably insulated and formed as a multi-layer insulating glass visual element.

[0062] Advantageously, the first and second glass panes, and optionally the third glass pane, are arranged to be held at a predetermined distance in the pane field of view by a spacer structure including one or more spacer elements in the spacing between the panes.

[0063] Advantageously, the spacer elements are formed on the first glass sheet and / or on the second glass sheet by one or more, in particular all, of the plurality of spangles, in particular the spangles being configured to form the spacer elements.

[0064] Advantageously, the spangles forming the spacer elements are flat and are configured such that they have a height that extends across the inter-plate space.

[0065] Advantageously, with respect to vacuum insulating glass viewing elements, the inter-pane spaces are provided to be fully or partially evacuated in order to form the multi-layer glass viewing element as a multi-layer vacuum insulating glass viewing element.

[0066] Advantageously, the spangles are applied, in particular directly, to the inside of the first and / or second glass pane facing the inter-pane space by adhesive or a similar adhesive means. Optionally, the spangles are applied, in particular directly, to the inside of the second and / or third glass pane facing the inter-pane space by adhesive or a similar adhesive means.

[0067] Advantageously, in the case of multi-layer glass visual elements, the light-reflecting surfaces of the sequins are made reflective from metal or metal oxide and / or the light-absorbing surfaces of the sequins are made black.

[0068] Advantageously, in a multi-layer glass visual element, the sequins are configured to have a layer structure comprising a deco film and a light-absorbing layer.

[0069] Advantageously, for multi-layer glass visual elements, it is proposed that the deco film comprises a reflective polymer film made of metal or metal oxide and / or the light-absorbing layer is a light-absorbing plastic film or a light-absorbing coating of the deco film.

[0070] Advantageously, the spangles are provided on the inner side facing the inter-plate space of the first glass pane, which is provided as an outer glass and faces the building exterior space, in particular directly, wherein: The second light-reflecting surface of the spangles is arranged, in particular directly, on the inside of the first glass pane facing the inter-pane space, in particular starting from the point where the light-reflecting surface supports the adhesive. The first glass pane can be particularly preferably made of unhardened single-pane glass, in particular a plain float glass pane as shown in Figures 2A, 2C and 2D, or a composite glass pane with unhardened single-pane glass, in particular a plain float glass pane as shown in Figures 2E, 2G and 2H. Further particularly preferred embodiments of this development are shown in particular in Figures 3(a) and (b) and 5(b) and are explained together with their advantages.

[0071] Advantageously, in one variant, the spangles are provided on the inside, facing the interspace, of the second glass pane, which is provided as an inner glass and faces the interior space of the building, in particular directly, and wherein: The first light-absorbing surface of the spangles is arranged, in particular directly, on the inside of the second glass pane facing the inter-pane space, in particular starting from the point where the light-absorbing surface of the spangles supports the adhesive. The first glass pane can be particularly preferably made as a pane of unhardened single glass, in particular as a pane of plain float glass as shown in FIG. 2B, or as a composite glass pane with unhardened single glass, in particular as a composite glass pane with plain float glass as shown in FIG. 2F. Further particularly preferred embodiments of this development are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 (a) and are explained together with their advantages.

[0072] Preferably, the glass coating is applied to the inner side of the glass pane opposite the pane provided with the spangles, facing the inter-pane space. In other words, the inner side of the inter-pane space adjacent to the first pane as the outer glass (i.e., the inter-pane space adjacent to the exterior space) is preferably used for applying the spangles or coating. This has the advantage that the spangles are first arranged "towards the exterior space" and can therefore exert a particularly noticeable functional effect towards the exterior.

[0073] The spangles are advantageously further applied to the glass sheet opposite the coated glass sheet, to avoid a reduction in their effect if no coating is provided. Preferably, if the spangles are provided on the inside of the first glass sheet, the coating is provided on the inside of the second glass sheet. Likewise, preferably, if the inside of the first glass sheet supports the coating, the spangles are provided on the inside of the second glass sheet. In the latter case, the lateral spacing of the spangles is preferably narrower than in the first case.

[0074] In particular in combination with one of the above-mentioned developments, as well as in the group of developments cited here as a first embodiment (for example as described with reference to the examples of Figures 2A, 2B, 2C, 2E, 2F and 5), it has proven advantageous if the spangles are provided on the inside of the first or second glass pane facing the inter-pane space, i.e. in this case directly without a coating located between the glass panes and the spangles, as a whole and independently of this.

[0075] In particular, in one development, a coating can be optionally placed on the spangles for this purpose, as will be explained in connection with the embodiments of FIGS. 2C, 2G, 3 and 4.

[0076] In particular in combination with one of the above-mentioned developments, as well as in the group of developments cited here as a second embodiment (for example as described with reference to the examples of Figures 2D and 2H), it has proven advantageous if the spangles are provided on the inner side of the first or second glass pane facing the inter-pane space, between the glass panes and the spangles.

[0077] In particular in combination with one of the above-mentioned developments, but also as a whole and independently of this, in the group of developments referred to herein as a second embodiment (for example, as described with reference to the embodiment in FIGS. 6A and 6B), it has proven advantageous for spangles to be provided on one of the first and second glass panes on the inside thereof, in contact with the first and second panes and facing the inter-pane space. This can be advantageously achieved without a coating on one of the panes, in particular without a coating on the pane on which the spangles are provided. It should be noted that neither of the two panes may have a coating. For clarity, in the embodiment in FIGS. 6A and 6B, each pane is provided with a coating; both of the two coatings can be omitted, or in each case, one of the coatings can be omitted. For this purpose, spangles can be applied to one of the panes and to the other of the two panes by means of an adhesive, adhesive means, or similar application means.

[0078] Advantageously, a plurality of spangles on the first glass sheet and / or on the second glass sheet are arranged to form an appearance image, the spangles having a first lateral spacing from one another on the first glass sheet as the outer glass and a second lateral spacing from one another on the second glass sheet as the inner glass, the second lateral spacing being configured to be smaller than the first lateral spacing.

[0079] Advantageously, the sequins are arranged and / or spaced apart from one another to form a functional screen for providing the visual and / or protective function of the multi-pane visual element against external influences, wherein the external influences are selected from the group consisting of bird protection, solar protection and heat protection.

[0080] Advantageously, to form a bird protection screen, the area coverage as a ratio of the total area of ​​the sequins per unit area of ​​the multi-layer glass visual element is less than 5%, in particular less than 3%, in particular less than 2%, in particular less than 1%, in particular less than 0.5%. A 3 / 50 mm screen as a preferred solution for vacuum insulating glass results in a coverage of 0.28%.

[0081] A 3 / 50 mm screen (i.e., a square dot screen spangle with a side length of 50 mm using spangles with a diameter of 3 mm) or a screen of this order is a preferred solution for vacuum insulating glass (VIG). Preferably, such a 3 / 50 mm screen has a good viewing function for particularly effective bird protection, yet produces only a coverage rate of 0.28%. This is particularly the case for bird protection screens, although in other applications the coverage rate can be much higher.

[0082] Advantageously, the reflective surface of the sequin, in particular the surface formed to have reflectivity from a metal or metal oxide, is configured to have a translucent layer, which comprises: - have a reflectance in the non-visible spectral range (non-VIS) that is significantly higher than the reflectance in the visible spectral range (VIS), and / or - have a significantly lower transmittance in the non-visible spectral range (non-VIS) than in the visible spectral range (VIS), which has the advantage that the reflectivity of the sequins is enhanced with a particularly high effectiveness outside the visible spectral range (non-VIS), which is particularly well perceptible to birds.

[0083] The invention also relates to a method for producing a functional multilayer insulating glass visual element according to the inventive concept of claim 25, in particular according to one or more developments of the type described above.

[0084] The method for manufacturing a multilayer glass visual element comprises: - providing a first glass sheet and a second glass sheet; - arranging a plurality of sequins on a first glass sheet and / or a second glass sheet so as to form an appearance, wherein: - the sequins have a light-absorbing surface and a light-reflecting surface, and are arranged so that, in an assembled state of the multi-layer glass visual element, the light-absorbing surface faces the interior space of the building and the light-reflecting surface faces the exterior space of the building; - the sequins are spaced apart from one another so that they are visible when viewed from the light-absorbing side of the sequins and are practically invisible when viewed from the light-reflecting side of the sequins; - a plurality of spangles are provided on the inner side facing the interspace of one of the panes of the multi-pane visual element, in particular directly on the inner side facing the interspace of one of the panes or directly on the coating on the inner side facing the interspace of one of the panes, The process and - using the first glass sheet and / or the second glass sheet to form a multi-layer glass visual element; Includes.

[0085] Preferably, the step of arranging the plurality of spangles on the first glass sheet and / or the second glass sheet is configured to be performed before cutting and / or in a strip size format, particularly in a float glass factory, to form an appearance image.

[0086] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described below with reference to the drawings, which are also partially illustrated, in comparison with the prior art. The drawings do not necessarily show the embodiments to scale, but rather are depicted in a simplified and / or slightly distorted form where useful for explanation. Reference is made to the relevant prior art, particularly for the supplementation of teachings directly discernible from the drawings. It should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made in the form and details of the embodiments without departing from the general spirit of the invention. The features of the present invention disclosed in the specification, drawings and claims may be considered important for the development of the invention, both individually and in any combination. Furthermore, the scope of the present invention includes all combinations of at least two features disclosed in the specification, drawings and / or claims.

[0087] The general idea of ​​the present invention is not limited to the exact form or details of the preferred embodiment shown and described below, but rather to the more limited subject matter claimed in the claims. When a design range is given, the values ​​mentioned are also to be considered as limits, and are understood to be usable and claimable as options.

[0088] Further advantages, features and details of the invention can be gleaned from the following description of preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which: [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0089] [Figure 1A] 1A is a schematic diagram showing a first variant (FIG. 1A) in which only single panes of glass are assembled, as a comparative example of the structure of a multi-pane or multi-panel insulating glass element, illustrating the basic positions of the glass surfaces Pos1, Pos2, Pos3, Pos4. [Figure 1B]1B is a schematic diagram showing a second variant (FIG. 1B) of a comparative example of the structure of a multi-layer glass element or a multi-layer insulating glass element, illustrating the basic positions of the glass surfaces Pos1, Pos2, Pos3, Pos4, in which composite glass panes are assembled. [Figure 2A] FIG. 1 shows a variant of the sequence of coatings and spangles provided on the inner side of the glass pane facing the inter-pane space, preferably as an unhardened single pane or untoughened float glass pane, in particular for double-glazed vision elements (but not excluding toughened single pane safety glass (ESG) for multi-glazed vision elements), the variant shown in this figure being particularly preferred. [Figure 2B] FIG. 1 shows a variant of the sequence of coatings and spangles provided on the inner side of the glass pane facing the inter-pane space, preferably as an unhardened single pane or untoughened float glass pane, in particular for double-glazed vision elements (but not excluding toughened single pane safety glass (ESG) for multi-glazed vision elements), the variant shown in this figure being particularly preferred. [Figure 2C] FIG. 1 shows a variant of the coating and spangle sequence on the inner side of the glass pane facing the inter-pane space, in particular as a glass pane preferably as an unhardened single pane or untoughened float glass pane for a double-glazed vision element (but not excluding toughened single pane safety glass (ESG) for a multi-glazed vision element). [Figure 2D] FIG. 1 shows a variant of the coating and spangle sequence on the inner side of the glass pane facing the inter-pane space, in particular as a glass pane preferably as an unhardened single pane or untoughened float glass pane for a double-glazed vision element (but not excluding toughened single pane safety glass (ESG) for a multi-glazed vision element). [Figure 2E]FIG. 1 shows a variant of the coating and spangle sequence on the inner side of the glass pane facing the inter-pane space, in particular for double-glazed vision elements, as composite safety glass (VSG) (preferably made from non-toughened or partially toughened float glass), the variant shown in this figure being particularly preferred. [Figure 2F] FIG. 1 shows a variant of the coating and spangle sequence on the inner side of the glass pane facing the inter-pane space, in particular for double-glazed vision elements, as composite safety glass (VSG) (preferably made from non-toughened or partially toughened float glass), the variant shown in this figure being particularly preferred. [Figure 2G] FIG. 1 shows a variation of the coating and spangle sequence on the inner side of the glass pane facing the inter-pane space, as composite safety glass (VSG) (preferably made from non-toughened or partially toughened float glass), particularly for double-glazed vision elements. [Figure 2H] FIG. 1 shows a variation of the coating and spangle sequence on the inner side of the glass pane facing the inter-pane space, as composite safety glass (VSG) (preferably made from non-toughened or partially toughened float glass), particularly for double-glazed vision elements. [Figure 3] 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of a functional multilayer glass element or a functional insulating glass element in the first and second variants of the first aspect of the present invention, where FIG. (a) shows a form with two panes, FIG. (b) shows a form with three panes, and FIG. (c) shows the basic scheme of these forms. [Figure 4] 1A and 1B show schematic diagrams of the structure of a second embodiment of a functional multilayer glass element or a functional insulating glass element in the first and second variants of the first aspect of the present invention, where FIG. (a) shows a configuration with two panes and FIG. (b) shows a configuration with three panes. [Figure 5] 2A and 2B show schematic views of the structure of a third embodiment of a functional multi-layer glass element or a functional insulating glass element in the first and second variants of the first aspect of the invention, where FIG. (a) shows the second variant and FIG. (b) shows a triple-pane glass visual element, i.e. a configuration corresponding to the basic scheme illustrated by the two glass panes characterized in FIGS. 2B and 2A. [Figure 6A] 6A shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a fourth embodiment of a functional multilayer glass element or a functional insulating glass element in the first and second variants of the first aspect of the present invention, with FIG. 6A showing a preferably untempered single pane glass. [Figure 6B] 6B is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a fourth embodiment of a functional multilayer glass element or a functional insulating glass element in the first and second variants of the first aspect of the present invention, in which FIG. 6B shows a structure preferably consisting of glass sheets that are not partially tempered. [Figure 7] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing examples of sequins manufactured using adhesive. [Figure 7A] 3 shows an example of a first variant in which the glass surface Pos2 of the glass plate is provided with spangles (for example according to the first embodiment of FIG. 3 or FIG. 5(b)). [Figure 7B] 4A shows an example of a second variant in which the glass surface Pos3 of the glass plate (for example according to the first embodiment of FIG. 4 or FIG. 5A) is provided with spangles. [Figure 8] 1 is a flow chart illustrating a preferred embodiment of a method for manufacturing a functional multilayer glass element or a functional insulating glass viewing element. [Figure 9] 1 is a flow chart illustrating a preferred embodiment of a manufacturing method for placing a plurality of spangles on a glass sheet before cutting, which can avoid or make optional the energy-intensive processes that occur in float glass factories, especially in ribbon size formats.

[0090] Figures 1A and 1B show multiple glass panes 1A, 1B (top views (a) and (b) of Figures 1A and 1B, respectively), and Figure 1B shows multiple glass panes 2A, 2B in the form of window and / or facade elements for installation in a facade or in the interior design of an architectural space. The multiple glass panes 1B or 2B shown in the top views (a) and (b) of Figures 1A and 1B have a first glass pane G1, a second glass pane G2, and an inter-pane space SZR between the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2, separating them.

[0091] The multi-layer glass element 1 can be formed as a double-layer glass element 1B, 2B, as shown in Figures 1A and 1B (b), and therefore these names have been chosen in a similar way. Figures 1A and 1B (b) show a double-layer glass element that typically has only one inter-pane space SZR.

[0092] In a triple-glazed element, the intermediate plate spaces SZR are referred to as SZR overall (although in each of Figures 1A and 1B (a) the front intermediate plate space closest to the exterior space "outside" is SZR-V and the rear intermediate plate space closest to the interior space "inside" is SZR-H).

[0093] 1A or 1B, the multi-pane glass element 1A, 2A is not arranged here as a double-pane glass element, but rather as a triple-pane glass element 1A, 2A, which also has a third glass pane G3, leaving an inter-pane space SZR-H behind the second glass pane G2 (in the sequence from the exterior space "outside" to the interior space "inside"). In this regard, the inter-pane space SZR in the triple-pane glass element here consists of a first inter-pane space and a second inter-pane space, i.e., a front inter-pane space SZR-V (between the first glass pane G1 as the outer glass and the second glass pane G2) and a rear inter-pane space SZR-H (between the second glass pane G2 as the inner glass and the third glass pane G3).

[0094] Also (as can be seen from the top diagrams (a) and (b) in Figure 1B), the first glass pane G1 (and possibly additionally or alternatively the inner central glass pane, i.e. the second glass pane G2 (not shown here)) may be formed as a composite glass pane GV1.

[0095] This type of composite glass pane GV1 (ie G1.1, G1.2 with film F or film composite F) is already an advantageous solution compared to printed glass solutions (as it were, composite glass VDG made from float glass panes).

[0096] It has been found that printed glass can only be produced at the expense of additional energy consumption in order to provide insulating glass with the necessary heat or solar protection coating. Highly effective bird protection solutions for interior glass surfaces are not possible or are difficult to achieve by printing processes, and in any case cannot be realized on the glass surface Pos2 shown in the top diagram (b) of Figure 1A.

[0097] In other cases, composite safety glass (VSG) solutions require at least one additional tempered glass pane, which must be laminated to the composite safety glass in an equally energy-intensive process, where a layer with heat or solar protection is applied to the unprinted glass pane.

[0098] The composite glass pane GV1 has at least one composite glass layer G1.1 intimately bonded to a film F (as shown in FIG. 1B), which may also be present between the first composite glass layer G1.1 and the second composite glass layer G1.2 (as shown in FIG. 1B). In this regard, the reference F here denotes an individual film. A simple composite glass may be bonded to only one film F.

[0099] However, the composite glass may also be formed by a plate composite S (as shown in diagrams (a) and (c) of FIG. 1B). For example, as described in WO 2019 / 038288, when spangles are present between two films, a two-film composite, such as the composite structure film S described herein, is used.

[0100] In this case too, as mentioned above, it applies that the multi-layer glass element 2A with the composite glass plate GV1 may be configured as a two-layer glass element 2B, which is shown on the right side of Figure (b) with the corresponding names and corresponding similar explanations.

[0101] The list of elements common to Figures 1A and 1B (bottom right lateral) can essentially be the characteristics of the multi-layer glass elements 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, i.e. the glass panes G, the composite structural film S, the coating B, the simple film F and / or the spacer structure A, in particular the frame AR.

[0102] The spacer structure A can be complemented by or can form a frame AR or the like to hold the glass sheets G1, G2, G3 apart and further seal the inter-sheet space SZR.

[0103] That is, the multi-layer glass elements 1A, 1B or 2A, 2B can be configured as insulating glass elements, in which case the inter-pane spaces SZR are fully or partially evacuated, in particular for insulating purposes. Alternatively, the multi-layer glass elements 1A, 1B or 2A, 2B can be configured as glass elements, in which case the inter-pane spaces SZR contain an insulating gas for insulating purposes, in particular argon or krypton, and in particular butyl can be used to hermetically close the insulating glass frame.

[0104] The glass surfaces Pos1, Pos2, Pos3, and Pos4 shown in view (b) of Figure 1A are shown here in a simplified form and will be used in the following to describe their respective positions in the multi-pane glass element 1A, 1B, or 2A, 2B. The reference signs Pos1, Pos2, Pos3, Pos4, Pos5, and Pos6 are suitable in this document to define the glass surfaces associated with the first glass pane G1, the second glass pane G2, and the third glass pane G3, but these glass surfaces are only reproduced according to the counting method common in the art, and all surfaces in a multi-pane glass element are counted from the outside to the inside, although where necessary, they will be separately referred to in this document as "positions", especially in the case of composite panes.

[0105] 1A (a), it can be seen that the first glass pane G1 is provided on its glass surface Pos2 as an outer glass, i.e., on its inner side facing the inter-sheet space SZR (hereinafter also referred to as SZR-V, the front inter-sheet space), with a coating B. Coating B can also be provided on the glass surface Pos3 of the second glass pane G2 as an inner glass (as shown in FIG. 1A (b)). In FIG. 1B (a), coating B is arranged directly on the inner side of the first glass pane G1 facing the inter-sheet space SZR (hereinafter also referred to as SZR-V, the front inter-sheet space), where the first glass pane G1 is formed from a composite glass, i.e., as a composite glass pane GV1.

[0106] The lower diagram (c) of each of Figures 1A and 1B shows how such types of multi-layer glass elements 1A, 1B or 2A, 2B can be supplemented by the additional installation or special design of a composite glass plate GV1 in the sense of a glass composite vision element GVS, which can be provided with a functional composite structural film S, for the purpose of providing a viewing function.

[0107] A particularly preferred form of the composite glass visual element GVS is described in the applicant's WO 2019 / 038288, the contents of which are incorporated by reference into the disclosure content of the present application.

[0108] The bottom diagram (c) of Figure 1A shows that the composite safety glass VSG is arranged separately (in the top diagram (a) of Figure 1A) to establish an assembly 1C of the multi-layer glass element 1A and the composite glass vision element GVS. This can be done, for example, in a facade.

[0109] The bottom part of Figure 1B (view (c)) shows that composite safety glass VSG can be used to form a triple-glazed element as in view (a) of Figure 1B, to establish an assembly 2C of a multi-glazed element 1A and a composite glass vision element GVS. This can be done, for example, in a facade.

[0110] However, such an assembly must be fully manufactured, i.e., the composite glass pane GVS with additional visual functionality must be assembled. Furthermore, it must be taken into account that an additional composite glass pane GVS, such as that required in the example of assembly 1C in FIG. 1A or assembly 2C in FIG. 1B, requires at least two glass panes. This leads to additional costs in energy and CO2 during production and weight in the facade, which can advantageously be avoided. 10,000 m 2 For example, for a typical facade with an area of ​​1000 mm, it can be estimated that a glass thickness reduction of 2 mm can already result in a weight saving of more than 50 t.

[0111] Starting from the measures described herein, it is desirable to provide a multi-layer glass visual element in which the visual function is already integrated into the multi-layer glass element, i.e., a multi-layer glass visual element that preferably does not require composite glass solutions and avoids the corresponding energy costs and CO2 and weight associated with its production.

[0112] Advantageously, multi-layer glass vision elements also desirably provide reduced energy requirements during manufacture, and it has been found that significant energy savings are already achieved with the reduction of composite glass vision elements GVS (either separately as in Figure 1A, diagram (c) or as part of an overall whole as in Figure 1B, diagram (c)).

[0113] In particular, it is desirable that the formation of a multi-pane vision element captures further functions, preferably providing bird-protective visibility. It is desirable that a multi-pane vision element according to the concept of the present invention is not only durable, but also offers optimized design freedom for facade or interior space design, and still provides an optimized, long-lasting visual impression.

[0114] Glass that is visible to birds is becoming increasingly important, especially in solutions that are rated as highly effective. However, printed glass with a visual function or with more advanced functions, especially bird protection, always requires a certain pressure in the outer position (labeled glass surface Pos1 in Figure 1), i.e., on the outside of the glass pane G1 as the outer glass. This makes the solution more susceptible to contamination, which can lead to warranty issues, for example.

[0115] Printing also requires a rather laborious manufacturing process, including hardening of the glass plate, which is energy intensive and can sometimes result in a deterioration of the glass quality (keyword "roller wave").

[0116] In this respect, the fact that the spangle means in the composite glass visual element described in WO 2019 / 038288, which are laminated between the panes and further protected within the composite, have a coverage of less than 1% and do not require hardened glass, rather than on the glass surface Pos1 in view (b) of Figure 1A, which is not shown in greater detail, sets a new standard. However, the above document always requires the use of composite glass, which means that this usually leads to higher costs due to additional composite glass panes and additional composite films, as well as higher costs for the lamination process, which can also be particularly energy-intensive.

[0117] The functional implementation of the so-called "on-glass" solution, which is illustrated for the first time by the embodiments of Figures 2 to 8 proposed here according to the inventive concept, sets new standards. Here, a coverage of 3% or less is already required to enable functionality. The solution can be produced without full-surface bonding of the window surfaces, is not exposed to weather, and is designed to be installed so that the embodiments of Figures 2 to 8 proposed according to the inventive concept achieve their functionality only on the preferred panes Pos2 and Pos3 and possibly on subsequent panes (i.e., panes Pos4 and Pos5). That is, the inventive solution is protected from mechanical loads on the panes, but this does not apply to pane Pos1.

[0118] Therefore, the new solution according to the concept of the present invention basically does not require both an additional glass sheet and a laminating film between the glass sheets or a laminating process. Also, there is no need for a complicated large-area film to apply to the glass (and therefore no need to dispose of it). Furthermore, the glass according to the present invention also eliminates the concentrated energy consumption required for the comparative glass Pos1 on the glass surface.

[0119] The new solution according to the inventive concept can be produced at lower cost. The solution is also more durable. The exemplary embodiments of Figures 2-8 are described below, which offer a variety of applications with correspondingly high demand and market share.

[0120] This type of multi-layer glass visual element according to the concept of the present invention is shown in two embodiments in Figures 2 to 6 with four main variants in Figures 3 to 6, where it is recognized that the variants of Figures 3 and 5 (advantageously the variant of Figure (b), but also in the opinion of the applicant the variant of Figure (a)) are particularly effective.

[0121] First, reference is made to the variants of Figures 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D, which show variants of the arrangement of coatings and spangles on the inner side facing the inter-plate space SZR of one of the glass panes G1, G2 (preferably as unhardened single pane glass, in particular as plain float glass), i.e., on the glass face Pos2 of the first glass pane G1 and on the glass face Pos3 of the second glass pane G2. These variants show the arrangement of coatings B and spangles P on the inner side facing the inter-plate space S of one of the glass panes of the multi-panel glass element.

[0122] The concept of the present invention is that in the embodiment shown in Figures 2A, 2C and 2D, a plurality of spangles P are arranged to form an appearance image on the first glass sheet G1, and in a first preferred variant, these spangles are arranged directly on the inner side G-in of the first glass sheet G1 facing the sheet intermediate space SZR (front sheet intermediate space SZR-V) to form the appearance image.

[0123] According to the variant of Fig. 2C, the spangles P and the inner side G-in of the first glass pane G1 can be coated with the coating B. According to the variant of Fig. 2D, the entire inner side G-in of the first glass pane G1 can first be covered with the coating B, and the spangles P can be applied to the coating B.

[0124] According to the variant of FIG. 2B, it is possible to apply a plurality of spangles P in particular directly to the inner side G-in of the second glass pane G2 facing the inter-pane space SZR.

[0125] In other words, the spangles P are provided on the glass surface Pos2 of the first glass sheet G1 according to the embodiment of Fig. 2A. In other words, the spangles P are provided on the glass surface Pos3 of the second glass sheet G2 according to the embodiment of Fig. 2B. In a variant of the embodiment of Fig. 2B, the arrangement of spangles P and coating B can be provided on the inner surface G-in of the second glass sheet G2, as shown in Figs. 2C and 2D in a preferred example of the first glass sheet G1.

[0126] Similarly, in principle (not shown) spangles P can be applied to the two glass faces Pos2 and Pos3.

[0127] It has proven to be generally advantageous if the spangles P are provided directly on the inner side G-in of the first glass pane G1 or the second glass pane G2.

[0128] It is particularly advantageous if the spangles P are applied directly to the inner surface G-in of the first or second glass pane G1 or G2 (as in the embodiments of FIGS. 2A and 2B). Thus, in both of these last-mentioned and illustrated cases, the coating B is present on the glass pane opposite the one on which the spangles P are applied. That is, if the spangles are on the inner surface G-in (glass surface Pos2) of the outer glass pane G1 (as shown in FIG. 2A), the coating B is on the outer surface G-in (glass surface Pos3) of the glass pane G2 inside the inter-pane space SZR. Thus, the spangles P are located in front of the glass coating B in the viewing direction, which is oriented from outside to inside, which has the advantage that the spangles P can be perceived from the outside without being affected by the coating B. In this way, the effect of the spangles B is optimized, and the lateral spacing of the spangles P can be even better than in the situation of FIG. 2B.

[0129] 2B, a "reverse" embodiment is evident, in which coating B is located on the inside of the outer glass pane G1 while sequins P are located on the outside of the inner glass pane G2. This places sequins P behind the glass coating B in a viewing direction oriented from outside to inside. This means that sequins P are perceptible from the outside under the influence of coating B.

[0130] That is, the spacing D between the sequins (which in particular have the function of a bird protection means) when the sequins are in front of the glass coating B (as viewed from the "outside") (Figure 2A) is advantageously greater than the spacing d when the sequins P are located behind the coating B (as viewed from the "outside") (Figure 2B).

[0131] That is, when the sequins are in front of the glass coating B (seen from the "outside") (see FIG. 2A and also FIG. 2E), the spacing D between the sequins P (which in particular function as a bird protection device) is advantageously larger, which can be achieved by using a very open screen, for example a 9 / 90 mm screen, i.e., a screen in which sequins with a diameter of 9 mm are arranged at the corners of a square dot screen with a side length of 90 mm. In comparison, such a very open screen has a correspondingly very low coverage rate, less than 1% in any case. The 9 / 90 mm screen in the above example allows for very effective bird protection with a coverage rate of only 0.8% or less.

[0132] If the sequins P are behind the coating B (seen from the "outside") (see also Figure 2B and also Figure 2F), the spacing d between the sequins P (which in particular have the function of the bird protection solution) is smaller. This is because, when the sequins P are behind the coating B (seen from the "outside"), the damping effect of the coating B is compensated over a smaller spacing d. Nevertheless, it has been found that effective bird protection is possible, for example, with a 9 / 70 mm screen (i.e. sequins with a diameter of 9 mm arranged in the corners of a square dot screen with a side length of 70 mm) and a correspondingly small coverage (less than 2% in any case, in the above example of a 9 / 70 mm screen only a coverage of 1.25% is possible), and already very effective bird protection is achieved.

[0133] 2A and 2B respectively show embodiments of multi-glass vision elements, preferably two-glass vision elements, while Fig. 5(b) and Fig. 5(a) show corresponding similar embodiments 20, 12Z or 10, 11Z of three-glass vision elements.

[0134] In Fig. 2C, an embodiment of a multi-glass vision element is shown, preferably a two-glass vision element, while in Fig. 3(a) a corresponding completed two-glass vision element 20, 12V is shown, and in Fig. 3(b) a corresponding similar embodiment of a three-glass vision element 10, 11V is shown. In all these embodiments, the first glass pane G1 is provided with spangles. Variations in this regard are likewise shown in Fig. 4(a) and (b).

[0135] Reference is also made to the variants of Figures 2E, 2G and 2H, which show variants of the arrangement sequence of the coating and the spangles P on the inner side G-in of the first glass pane G1 in the form of a simple composite glass pane GV1, facing the inter-plate space SZR, i.e., on the inner side G-in of the glass pane designated G1.2 here of the composite glass pane GV1 of the multi-panel viewing element, i.e., with respect to the glass surface Pos2 of the first glass pane G1, i.e., here with respect to the glass pane G1.2 of the composite glass pane GV1 and the glass surface Pos3 of the second glass pane G2. Figure 2F shows a variant with the arrangement of the spangles P on the inner side G-in of the second glass pane G2, facing the inter-plate space SZR. The counting values ​​of position data, as is common in the art, are calculated by counting all surfaces in the multi-layer glass element from the outside to the inside in Figure 1 and considering them sequentially, and in Figures 2E, 2F, 2G and 2H, glass surface Pos2 is assigned "position 4", glass surface Pos3 is assigned "position 5", and the surfaces located on film F between glass sheets G1.1 and G1.2 of composite glass sheet GV1 are counted as "position 2" and "position 3".

[0136] The variant shows the sequence of arrangement of the coating B and the spangles P on the inner side of one of the glass panes of the multi-panel vision element facing the inter-panel space. Here, the composite glass VSG is described in the example of FIG. 1B, view (b), as is the composite glass pane GV1. Otherwise, the construction of the multi-panel vision element is similar to that of the multi-panel vision elements of FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D, as described therein.

[0137] The above-described and other variations on the embodiment of Figures 2A-2D, which are each constructed with glass sheets as single panes of glass, like the embodiment of Figures 3-5, are described as triple-glazed vision element 10 (i.e., in the variations designated 11V, 11H, 11Z, 12Z) and as double-glazed vision element 20 of Figures 3 or 4 and 5 (i.e., in the variations designated 12V, 12H). Similarly, the embodiments of Figures 3-5 can be adapted using composite safety glass VSG, similar to those described and illustrated in the variations of Figures 2E, 2F, 2G, and 2H.

[0138] It should therefore be understood that these types of variations are not intended to be limiting and may similarly extend to four, five, or six pane multi-pane vision elements 10, 20. Thus, in this invention, descriptions based on the exemplary two-pane vision element 20 and three-pane vision element 10 should be understood as illustrative in this sense. Correspondingly, the same reference numerals are used herein for simplicity's sake for the same or similar features or features of the same or similar functionality.

[0139] In accordance with the concept of the present invention, also in the embodiments shown in Figures 3 and 5, a plurality of spangles P are arranged on the first glass sheet G1 and / or the second glass sheet G2 so as to form an appearance image, wherein the plurality of spangles P are provided in particular directly on the inner side G-in of the first glass sheet G1 and / or the second glass sheet G2 facing the inter-sheet space SZR.

[0140] In other words, the spangles P are provided on the glass surface Pos2 of the first glass plate G1 according to the embodiment of Fig. 3. In other words, the spangles P are provided on the glass surface Pos3 of the second glass plate G2 according to the embodiment of Fig. 4.

[0141] Similarly, in the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, it is possible in principle (although not shown) to apply the spangles P to both glass surfaces, namely to glass surface Pos2 and glass surface Pos3.

[0142] It is also possible in the embodiments of Figures 3 and 4 (as shown in Figures 2E to 2H) for the first glass pane G1 to be preferably formed in the form of a simple composite glass pane GV1, i.e. in this case specifically for the spangles to be applied to the inner side G-in of the glass pane designated G1.2 (comprising the glass panes designated G1.1 and G1.2 and the film F as shown in view (b) of Figure 1B) of the composite glass pane GV1 of the multi-glass visual element.

[0143] It should be understood that according to the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4 (variants of Figure (a) or Figure (b)), the first glass pane G1 or the second glass pane G2 each has a functional coating B on its inner side G-in facing the inter-sheet space SZR (specifically the front inter-sheet space SZR-V). This corresponds to glass surface Pos2 in the first glass pane G1 or glass surface Pos3 in the second glass pane G2. The coating B is here formed for the purpose of improved solar and / or heat protection.

[0144] In the embodiments shown in Figures 3 and 4, the spangles P are located (similarly to the variant of the embodiment of Figure 2C), i.e., between the first glass pane G1 and the coating B (Figure 3) or similarly between the second glass pane G2 and the coating B (Figure 4). That is, in these embodiments, one of the glass panes G1, G2, respectively, does not have the spangles P and the coating B.

[0145] In an alternative embodiment, coating B may be present directly on glass sheet G1 or on glass sheet G2 (not shown).

[0146] To explain this, reference will be made to FIG. 3. In the variants of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 (a) and (b), a plurality of spangles P are actually provided on each glass surface Pos2 of the first glass pane G1, i.e., directly on the inner surface G-in of the first glass pane G1 facing the inter-pane space SZR. In the assembled state of the multi-pane vision element 10, 11V or 20, 12V, the first glass pane G1 is provided as an outer glass and thus faces the "outside" space, which is the external space of the building. The second glass pane G2 in the variants of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 (a) and (b) is provided as an inner glass and thus faces the "inside" space, which is the internal space of the building. In the present invention, the external space of the building is referred to as the "outside" space, and the internal space of the building is referred to as the "inside" space.

[0147] The variant shown in diagram (b) is formed as a triple-glazed vision element, i.e. another inter-plate space SZR directly following the second glass pane G2 and the third glass pane G3 are held at a predetermined distance by a spacer structure not shown in detail here. In the variant shown in diagram (a) of the embodiment of Figure 3, the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2 are single-glazed in the multi-glazed vision element 20,12V in order to form the multi-glazed vision element 20,12V as a double-glazed vision element.

[0148] In the above-described variants of the embodiment shown in FIGS. (a) and (b), the spangles P are provided only on the glass surface Pos2 of the first glass sheet G1, i.e., only on the inner surface G-in of the first glass sheet G1 facing the inter-sheet space SZR. The other glass sheets do not contain spangles P.

[0149] However, it should be understood that in a variant of the embodiment not shown, in addition to the spangles P applied to the first glass pane G1, the spangles P can also be applied to one or more of the other glass panes, in particular the second glass pane G2.

[0150] This also becomes clear from the further embodiments starting from Figure 4. In this regard, it is pointed out here that the following embodiments relating to the arrangement of sequins P on one of the glass panes G can be combined with the variants of the arrangement of sequins P on the first glass pane G1 shown in the embodiment of Figure 3. In other words, the sequins P can not only be arranged on the glass surface Pos2, but also additionally or alternatively on the glass surface Pos3 of the illustrated embodiment of the multi-glass vision element 10, 20.

[0151] Reference is now also made to Figure 4. Accordingly, views (a) and (b) of Figure 4 show the aforementioned three-panel vision element 10, 11H or two-panel vision element 20, 12H in two variants of embodiment, in which each spangle P is provided directly on the inner side G-in of the second glass pane G2 as the inner glass, facing the inter-pane space SZR.

[0152] In other words, the main difference between the first embodiment of the multi-glass visual element 10,11V or 20,12V according to Figure 3 and the second embodiment of the multi-glass visual element 10,11H or 20,12H according to Figure 4 is that in the first embodiment of Figure 3 the sequins P are arranged on the inside G of the first glass sheet G1 as the outer glass (in this respect it is "front" as seen from the outside due to the selection of reference signs 10,11V, 20,12V on the front glass sheet G2, i.e. glass surface Pos2), while in the second embodiment of Figure 4 the sequins P are provided on the inside G-in (i.e. glass surface Pos3) of the second glass sheet G2 as the inner glass (two-glass visual element) or of the glass sheet as the intermediate glass (three-glass visual element) (in this respect it is "rear" due to the selection of reference signs 10,11H, 20,12H on the rear glass sheet G2).

[0153] It can be seen that (as mentioned above) the spangles P can be applied not only to the front glass pane G1 or the rear glass pane G2, but also to both glass panes, i.e. the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2, i.e. not only to the first glass pane G1 as the front glass pane or outer glass, but also to the second glass pane G2 as the rear or intermediate inner glass.

[0154] In the three-layer glass visual element 10 according to each variant of the above-described embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4 (b), the third glass sheet G3 does not contain sequins P (in the separating plate interspace SZR, i.e., specifically in the plate interspace SZR-H behind the second glass sheet G2 in the three-layer glass visual element 11V, 11H).

[0155] Moreover, in a further variant not shown here, essentially spangles can also be applied to the third glass pane G3. In this respect, the embodiment not shown can be combined with the above-described embodiment taking into account this measure, i.e., in one variant, spangles P can be arranged on the inside G-in3 of the third glass pane G3 facing the rear inter-pane space SZR-H. Essentially, in one variant, spangles P can also be arranged on the inside G-in2 of the second glass pane G2 facing the rear inter-pane space SZR-H.

[0156] It should be understood that in the variant of view (a) of the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4, the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2 each have a functional coating B on their respective inner sides G-in facing the inter-pane space SZR, which functional coating B is here configured for the purpose of improving solar protection and / or heat protection.

[0157] 3 and 4 (similar to the embodiment of FIG. 2C), namely, between the first glass sheet G1 and coating B, or similarly (not shown) between the second glass sheet G2 and coating B. In these embodiments, if each of the glass sheets G1, G2 does not have spangles P, then coating B is (or can be) located directly on the glass sheets G1, G2.

[0158] In the case of the three-layer glass visual element 10 of FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, the spangles P can also be applied additionally or alternatively, in particular directly, to the inner side G-in of the third glass pane G3 facing the inter-pane space SZR.

[0159] The intermediate space Z of FIGS. 3 and 4 will be explained in more detail in the scope of FIG.

[0160] In Figure 5 there is shown a schematic diagram of the structure of a third embodiment of a functional multilayer glass element or functional insulating glass viewing element according to the first aspect of the invention.

[0161] With respect to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a third embodiment, i.e., a first triple-pane vision element 10, 11Z or a second triple-pane vision element 20, 12Z, is shown here in the variants of FIGS. (a) and (b). Again, the first glass pane G1 forms the outer glass, and the third glass pane G3 forms the inner glass, which is the "inside" toward the interior space. The second glass pane G2 is recognizably located between the first and third glass panes G1 and G3 (as the central glass pane, so to speak). To avoid repetition, reference is made in this regard to the description of FIGS. 3(b) and 4(b).

[0162] Unlike the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3(b) and 4(b), here the sequins P are not arranged together with the coating B, but are arranged separately from the coating B on the first glass pane G1 or the second glass pane G2. In FIG. 5(a), the first glass pane G1 does not contain sequins and supports the coating B, whereas in FIG. 5(b), the second glass pane G2 does not contain sequins P and supports the coating B. Accordingly, the glass panes G1 and G2 only have either the coating B (for example, as a solar and / or thermal protection coating) or sequins. In this respect, the embodiments formed as triple-pane visual elements in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) differ in the arrangement of the sequins P combined with the coating.

[0163] It has proven advantageous to provide the spangles P directly on the inner surface G-in of the first glass pane G1 and / or the second glass pane G2. Overall, it is advantageous to provide the spangles directly on the inner surface G-in of the first glass pane G1 or the second glass pane G2. The spangles are used as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2B and 5, view (a), and it has proven advantageous to provide the coating B on one side of the glass pane G1 (glass surface Pos2 of the glass pane G2), which is opposite the side of the glass pane G2 bearing the spangles P (glass surface Pos3). This is particularly advantageous in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 5, view (b), where the coating B is provided on the glass surface Pos3, i.e., on the side of the glass pane G2 opposite the side bearing the spangles P (glass surface Pos2). In this case, the spangles P can be transmitted to the outside without being hindered by the coating and are therefore optimally perceptible.

[0164] In other words, if the spangle P is on the inside G-in of the outer glass G1 (on glass surface Pos2), the coating B will be located on the SZR of the outside G-in of the inner glass G2, i.e., the spangle P will be located in front of the glass coating (on glass surface Pos3) when viewed from the outside without being hindered in its action.

[0165] 2B and 5 (a), a variant is evident in which coating B is located inside the outer glass G1 (on glass surface Pos2), while the sequins P are located outside the inner glass G2 (on glass surface Pos3). That is, sequins P are located behind the glass coating B. When the sequins are in front of the glass coating B (seen from the "outside"), the spacing D between the sequins can be advantageously (especially in conjunction with the functional effect of the protective solution) larger than the spacing d when the sequins are behind the coating (seen from the "outside") (D>d). Correspondingly, the interspace Z between the sequins P on the first glass pane G1 is larger than the interspace Z between the sequins P on the second glass pane G2.

[0166] Coating B may also be present on the third glass pane G3 (not shown). If coating B is present only on the inner surface G-in of the first glass pane G1 (view (a) of FIG. 5), i.e., preferably only on the first glass pane G1 as the outer glass, coating B does not have to be present on the inner surface G-in of the second glass pane G2 as the inner glass, in which case coating B can be omitted in favor of spangles P, which can also be applied and adhered directly to the inner surface G-in of the second glass pane.

[0167] However, in another variant (view (b) of FIG. 5), the coating B can also be present only on the inner side G-in of the second glass pane G2, with the corresponding advantages and even more advantageous functional effect of the spangles P, since these spangles P are arranged in front of the coating B "seen from the outside."

[0168] In one variant, coating B can also be omitted entirely.

[0169] That is, according to the variant shown in view (a) of Fig. 5, the arrangement of the sequins P is carried out on the glass surface (here indicated by Pos3) of the second glass sheet G2. That is, here, the sequins P are provided on the inside of the front surface G-in of the second glass sheet G2 facing the inter-sheet space SZR (according to the form shown in Fig. 2B), i.e., arranged on the above-mentioned glass surface Pos3. The sequins P are arranged directly on the inside G-in facing the front inter-sheet space SZR-V, as described above, leaving a lateral inter-sheet space Z.

[0170] In contrast to this, in the variant of the embodiment shown in view (b) of Figure 5, the spangles P are arranged on the inside G-in of the first glass pane G1 facing the front inter-panel space SZR-V, leaving a somewhat larger inter-panel space Z (D>d). In this case too, the spangles P without the coating B are applied directly on the inside rear side of the first glass pane G1, i.e., in the same way as explained with reference to Figure 2A.

[0171] The third glass pane G3 may have a coating B (not in the same form as shown in FIG. 5), and this variation is not shown in FIG.

[0172] Furthermore (in a variant not shown here), the second glass pane G2 can essentially have spangles P and / or a coating B on its rear side G-in, i.e. on the inside G-in facing the rear inter-pane space SZR-H (i.e., for example as shown for the glass side Pos2 in accordance with the variants of FIGS. 2A to 2D). This measure is essentially conceivable when the first glass pane G1 formed as the outer pane is supported on the glass side Pos2 and the second glass pane G2 formed as the inner pane does not support a coating B or spangles P on the glass side Pos3.

[0173] In all the illustrated embodiments of Figures 3 to 5, a spacer structure A is provided that holds the sheets G at a predetermined distance. In these illustrated embodiments, the spacer structure A is formed as a peripheral frame AR, by which the first glass sheet G1 and the second glass sheet G2 (or in most cases the optional third glass sheet G3 in Figure (a)) are gripped and thus held at a predetermined distance.

[0174] The corresponding inter-sheet spaces SZR, SZR-V, SZR-H are here designated as the entire inter-sheet space SZR, with the understanding that in the case of the third glass pane G3, the inter-sheet space SZR has a front inter-sheet space SZR-V adjacent to the first and second glass panes G1 and G2 and a rear inter-sheet space SZR-H adjacent to the second and third glass panes G2 and G3. In this case, the outer inter-sheet space SZR-V is, so to speak, located between the outer glass pane (first glass pane G1) and the second glass pane G2, and the inner inter-sheet space SZR-H is located between the inner glass pane (second glass pane G2) and the third glass pane G3.

[0175] It is recognized that the general frame AR of the glass panes G1, G2, and optionally the glass pane G3 is useful for forming an air-free multilayer insulating glass viewing element, particularly the spacing between the panes SZR. In particular, to form an insulating glass viewing element, the spacing between the panes SZR can be filled with an insulating gas, such as argon or krypton, or simply left airless. For further insulation, the frame AR can be hermetically closed with butyl.

[0176] If the inter-plate space SZR is air-free, it has proven particularly advantageous to evacuate this inter-plate space SZRV (i.e., the outer and inner inter-plate spaces SZR-H, as the case may be). Evacuated means evacuated or configured to be evacuated. Several measures are recognized as being effective here: the inter-plate space SZR can be evacuated, for example, by the manufacturer, or a valve can be provided, via which the first glass pane G1 and / or the second glass pane G2 and optionally the third glass pane G3 can be evacuated later.

[0177] In these above-mentioned cases, it proves advantageous if a spacer structure A in the form of one or more spacer elements is arranged in the interspace of the plates to be spaced apart, i.e. in the field of view of the plates.

[0178] The spacer structure A can be formed largely from spacer elements, e.g., with dimensions of 1 millimeter or smaller. These can only be visible at a viewing distance of 1 to 2 meters. In the following, individual or multiple support elements will generally be referred to as spacer elements AH. These spacer elements AH can be distributed across the inter-plate space as a single screen.

[0179] According to a particularly preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 6, such spacer elements AH are formed in the form of or with spangles P. A plurality of spangles P can thus be used as a plurality of spacer elements AH to form a new spacer structure A in the inter-sheet space SZR between the first glass sheet G1 and the second glass sheet G2, as shown in Fig. 6.

[0180] Therefore, the inter-plate space SZR can be reliably evacuated, while the spangles P, as spacer elements AH, hold the first glass sheet G1 and the second glass sheet G2 at a predetermined distance. Therefore, because the spangles P are formed as spacer elements, the first glass sheet G1 formed as the outer glass and the second glass sheet G2 formed as the inner glass cannot be compressed by increasing the vacuum in the inter-plate space SZR.

[0181] Figures 6A and 6B show in schematic diagram form the structure of a fourth embodiment of a functional multi-layer glass or functional insulating glass viewing element according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising the glass pane of Figure 6A and the composite safety glass VSG of Figure 6B.

[0182] For this purpose, the structure of one embodiment of a functional multilayer glass element or functional insulating glass vision element 10, 12W according to the first aspect of the invention is shown in a schematic diagram and is described below: The coating B shown on the inside of the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2 can also be advantageously omitted on one or both of the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2.

[0183] In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the sequins P are formed as spacer elements P that are optimized to improve their spacer effect and are therefore formed flat.

[0184] The spangles may be curved, and curved spangles can also offer certain advantages in terms of their optical effect and spacer function. Thus, the spangles P can be curved spangles PW (in embodiments not shown here) or (as shown here) are formed flat, i.e., nearly planar, or in any case flat. In particular, flat spangles P having a thickness of more than 100 μm (micrometers) are already sufficient to perform the desired spacer function.

[0185] Curved Sequin P W In this case, basically, in order to achieve the effect of the spacer element AH, the spangle P W The curvature can be optionally formed (for example as an S-shape or a U-shape) to form the spangles P in the radial or circumferential direction.

[0186] Advantageously, the spangles P W The spherical or other curvature on the reflective side of the spangle P on the opposite side also allows for a W This can optimize visual formation towards the "outside" of the brain.

[0187] In this regard, the multi-layer glass visual element 10, 12W shown in Figures 6A and 6B is configured as a two-layer glass visual element, in particular as a vacuum-insulated glass visual element, with the inter-plate space SZR evacuated, thereby achieving improved insulating properties as a result of the evacuated inter-plate space SZR.

[0188] Furthermore, the double-glass visual element 10, 12W is formed relatively thin compared to the double-glass visual elements 10, 12H, 12, 12V.

[0189] Curved Sequin P W (Or as mentioned above) flat or almost flat sequins P already have the advantage that their lateral extent is relatively small, i.e. a pattern of sequins P with a diameter in the region of 3 to 12 mm is already sufficient to form corresponding contacts W and spacings Z in inter-plate spaces ZR of the order of d or D with a pattern in the spacing region of 50 to 120 mm, which are formed "densely" enough on the one hand to fulfil the visual function for bird protection purposes (i.e. the function of being recognized by birds), and "contacting" enough on the other hand to fulfil the insulating properties maintained between the first plate G1 and the second plate G2.

[0190] Sequin PW When a curved portion is provided in the glass pane G1, G2, the reflective properties of the spangles are optimized for the external space "outdoors", and at the same time the function as a spacer element AH is optimized, maintaining a predetermined distance within the field of view of the glass panes G1, G2 and can be advantageously used to minimize the heat conduction effect due to the heat conduction effect in the contact area W reduced by the curved portion, i.e. the optimized bird protection properties.

[0191] The functional multi-panel or insulating glass viewing element 10, 12W of FIG. 6A is provided with a glass pane ESG for forming a first glass element G1 and a second glass pane G2.

[0192] The functional multiple-glass or insulating-glass vision element 10, 12W of Figure 6B comprises a composite safety glass VSG for forming the first glass pane G1 as a composite glass pane GV1, where in a variant not shown here the second glass pane G1 may (also or advantageously alternatively) be formed as a composite glass pane.

[0193] 7 shows the basic structure of a sequin P according to the concept of the present invention. The sequin P has a light-absorbing surface OA and a light-reflecting surface OR on or as part of a support, and in particular the support T is provided with a reflective coating made of metal or metal oxide to form the light-absorbing surface OA and the light-reflecting surface OR. Advantageously, for light reflectivity, a layer structure can be constructed which includes one or more optically translucent layers, in particular in the further sense of the surface OR of the sequin formed to have reflectivity from a metal or metal oxide.

[0194] Particularly advantageously, the light-reflecting surface of the sequin, in particular the surface OR made reflectively from a metal or metal oxide, is configured to have a semi-transparent layer, which comprises: - Reflectance R in the non-visible spectral range (non-VIS) and in the visible spectral range (VIS) VISReflectance R is significantly higher than non-VIS and / or - Transmittance T in the non-visible spectral range (non-VIS) and in the visible spectral range (VIS) vis Transmittance T is significantly lower than non-VIS It has the following characteristics.

[0195] This allows for particularly good perception by birds outside the visible spectral range (non-VIS) and particularly high effectiveness (so-called R non-VIS ) is advantageous in that the reflection of the sequins having a high reflectivity is amplified.

[0196] For example, the translucent surface of the sequin, i.e., the surface OR of the sequin that is light-reflective, in particular formed to have reflectivity from a metal or metal oxide, is treated to have a transmittance T of about 80% in the visible range VIS. VIS and 20% reflectance R VIS The optically translucent layer structure may be formed to have a variety of optically translucent layers, particularly layers formed to have reflectivity from metals.

[0197] Advantageously, in this regard, a layer structure can be constructed on the surface of a light-reflecting surface, in particular a surface of a sequin made of a metal or metal oxide, which comprises one or more optically translucent layers, and the layer structure has a reflectance R in the visible spectral range (VIS) of the layer structure in the non-visible spectral range (non-VIS). VIS significantly higher reflectance R non-VIS and / or the layer structure has a transmittance T in the visible spectral range (VIS) VIS Significantly higher transmittance than T non-VIS The sine wave signal can be configured to have the following characteristics:

[0198] In other words, layer structures, in particular those comprising one or more optically semi-transparent layers made of various metal oxides (in this respect, in a further sense, reflective structures made of metals or metal oxides), have a transmittance T non-VIS and reflectance R non-VIS Ratio to non-VIS / T non-VIS changes significantly, especially the transmittance T in the visible range (VIS) for the human eye. VIS and reflectance R VIS Ratio to VIS / T VIS In one formula, the enhanced reflectance in the non-visible spectral region (non-VIS) relative to the visible spectral region (VIS) can be expressed as: R non-VIS / T non-VIS >R non-VIS / T non-VIS It can be formulated as follows:

[0199] It is to be understood that the non-visible spectral region (non-VIS) may preferably include the UV and / or IR region, i.e., it may include the ultraviolet spectral region alone or in combination with the infrared spectral region. In some cases, this effect is already achieved when the "edge" of the visible spectral region (VIS) is thus increased relative to the non-visible spectral region (non-VIS). In this way, the reflection of the sequins is further significantly increased, with the overall effect being perceptible to the bird's eye, thereby amplifying the sequins in terms of their intended visibility (for birds) in this effect.

[0200] Optionally (and also advantageously) more generally, the perception of the sequins is moderated in its effect on the human eye compared to its overall perceptible effect on the bird's eye.

[0201] In either case, the perceptibility of the reflective layer of the sequins to the bird's eye on the one hand and the perceptibility to the human eye on the other hand can be independently configured in this approach by the configuration of the layer structure described above, which comprises one or more optically translucent layers on the surface OR of the sequins, which are made to have optical reflectivity, in particular metallic reflectivity.

[0202] In particular, in this respect, in the non-visible range (non-VIS), birds do not perceive the primary reflective sequins as individual sequins, but rather the arrangement of sequins on the glass plate as an obstacle. In this case, if the coverage is significantly greater than the above-mentioned values, this is advantageously not a problem for the human eye, since these sequins are "rather" invisible to the human eye in the above-mentioned sense, but are particularly well visible to birds. The film thickness of the optically translucent layer for the surface OR formed to have the optical reflectivity, in particular metallic reflectivity, of the sequins may here be at least 25 μm (micrometers).

[0203] The light-reflecting surface of the sequins may (additionally or alternatively) have a coating of achromatic metal such as aluminum or copper and be formed as a metallic reflective surface OR. In the assembled state of the multi-pane visual element, the light-absorbing surface OA preferably faces the interior space of the building and the light-reflecting surface OR preferably faces the exterior space of the building.

[0204] FIG. 7A shows sequins P1 properly oriented for application to the multi-layer glass visual element of FIG. 2, and FIG. 7B shows sequins P2 properly oriented for application to the multi-layer glass visual element of FIG. 3.

[0205] In the spangle P1 of Figure 7A, the adhesive K is applied to the light-reflecting surface OR and brought into adhesive contact with the inner surface G-in of the first glass plate G1 facing the plate interspace SZR, i.e., an adhesive layer is formed between the inner surface G-in of the first glass plate G1 and the light-reflecting surface OR of the spangle P1.

[0206] In the spangle P2 of FIG. 7B , the adhesive K is applied to the first light-absorbing surface OA and brought into adhesive contact with the inner surface G-in of the second glass plate G2 facing the plate interspace SZR, i.e., an adhesive layer is formed between the inner surface G-in of the second glass plate G2 and the first light-absorbing surface OA of the spangle P2.

[0207] Advantageously, the metallic reflective sequins can be applied directly to the glass at the glass surface Pos3, in particular by gluing. It is worth noting that in this example, the glass surface Pos2, which is coated with coating B, is not relevant, and in this respect, the performance of the concept of the present invention.

[0208] Advantageously, the glass surface Pos2 is covered with sequins P2, which means that greater visibility for birds is ensured by the sequins P located in front of the reflective coating, and thus the spacing between the individual sequins can be chosen to be relatively large.

[0209] 8 shows a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a manufacturing method for producing multi-layer glass vision elements 10, 20 or similar multi-layer glass vision elements within the scope of the inventive concept, particularly as shown in the claims, detailed description and / or figures. In particular, the manufacturing method will be described exemplarily based on the multi-layer glass vision element of one of the embodiments of Figures 2A-2H or 3, 4 or 5 or 6A and 6B.

[0210] According to the flowchart of the preferred embodiment, the manufacturing method 500 includes at least the following steps: - in step 501, providing a first glass sheet G1 and a second glass sheet G2; In step 502, a plurality of sequins P are disposed on one of the glass plates G1, G2 to form an external image; Includes.

[0211] For example, in the embodiment of Figures 2A and 2E, the spangles P can be provided directly on the inside glass surface G-in of the first glass sheet G1. For example, in the embodiment of Figures 2B and 2F, the spangles P can be provided directly on the inside glass surface G-in of the second glass sheet G2.

[0212] In this case, the sequins P have a light-absorbing surface OA and a light-reflecting surface OR. When the multi-pane vision element is assembled, the light-absorbing surface OA faces the interior space of the building ("interior") and the light-reflecting surface OR faces the exterior space of the building ("exterior"). In this case, the sequins P are spaced apart from one another so that the multi-pane vision element is see-through when viewed from the light-absorbing surface OA side of the sequins P and is nearly opaque when viewed from the light-reflecting surface OR side of the sequins P.

[0213] For the bird deterrent element to function, it has been found to be advantageous to space the sequins apart in step 502 so that the sequins are visible to birds and perceived as a threatening object.

[0214] That is, to form a bird protection screen, the coverage as a ratio of the total area of ​​the plurality of sequins per unit area of ​​the multi-layer glass visual element is adjusted to less than 5%, particularly less than 3%, particularly less than 2%, particularly less than 1%, particularly less than 0.5%.

[0215] It has been shown that a highly effective bird protection can already be achieved with a relatively open screen, for example a 9 / 70mm screen (i.e. 9mm diameter sequins placed in the corners of a 70mm square dot screen) and a correspondingly small coverage (less than 2% in any case, with only 1.25% coverage in the above example of a 9 / 70mm screen providing effective bird protection).It has also been shown that a highly effective bird protection can already be achieved with a very open screen, for example a 9 / 90mm screen (i.e. 9mm diameter sequins placed in the corners of a 90mm square dot screen) and a correspondingly even smaller coverage (less than 1% in any case, with only 0.9% coverage in the above example of a 9 / 90mm screen providing effective bird protection).

[0216] If multiple spangles are arranged, spangles P are used directly, in particular for the embodiments of Figures 2A and 2E, and are provided on the inner side G-in of glass sheet G1 facing the inter-plate space, in step 502. If multiple spangles are arranged, spangles P can alternatively (or additionally) be used, in particular for the embodiments of Figures 2B and 2F, and can be applied directly to the inner side G-in of glass sheet G2 facing the inter-plate space.

[0217] For depictions of exemplary embodiments of the exterior image E of the functional multilayer glass visual element or functional insulating glass visual element described herein, reference is made to WO 2019 / 038288 (in particular the illustrations in Figure 8 of WO 2019 / 038288, Figures 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D and 10 of WO 2019 / 038288, and the related descriptions in WO 2019 / 038288), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0218] In this regard, FIG. 8 of WO 2019 / 038288 shows an example of a unified appearance.

[0219] In this regard, Figures 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D of WO 2019 / 038288 show an example of a facade in which the sequins have different sizes and / or are irregularly arranged so as to form an adapted appearance.

[0220] In this regard, FIG. 10 of WO 2019 / 038288 shows an example of a facade.

[0221] In step 503, the glass sheet provided with sequins P (e.g., in the embodiment of Figures 2A and 2E) or the first glass sheet G2 (e.g., in the embodiment of Figures 2B and 2F) is used to form the multilayer glass visual element 10, 20 described above.

[0222] The multi-glazed vision element 10, 20 can be formed as a double-glazed vision element, in which case the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2 are single panes of the multi-glazed vision element. The multi-glazed vision element 10, 20 can also be formed as a triple-glazed vision element having a third glass pane G3 in addition to the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2, for example according to one of the variants of view (b) of Figures 3 and 4, in which case the third glass pane G3 is provided as an interior glass pane facing the interior space of the building (the "interior").

[0223] Therefore, in the preferred multi-pane visual element 10, 20, the plurality of spangles P are provided, in particular directly, on the inner side G-in of the first glass pane G1 or the second glass pane G2 facing the inter-pane space SZR.

[0224] Preferably, the above-mentioned glass plate is used as the first glass plate G1 (e.g., in the embodiments of Figures 2A and 2E), and optionally alternatively as the second glass plate G2 (e.g., in the embodiments of Figures 2B and 2F).

[0225] The glass pane provided with the spangles P described above is preferably formed as a simple monolithic glass, i.e. preferably as a non-hardened monolithic glass, in particular as a simple float glass, as shown in one of the embodiments shown in Figures 2A to 2D or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6.

[0226] Alternatively, the glass pane provided with spangles P can be a composite glass made from float glass panes, as shown in one of the embodiments of Figures 2E to 2H or 6B. In one variant, the composite glass can be formed as composite safety glass (VSG).

[0227] Overall, the multi-panel vision element 10, 20 can preferably be assembled as a vacuum insulating glass (VIG), in which case the spacer structure A is formed as a peripheral frame A, AR, AH for the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2 (and optionally for a third glass pane G3), which peripheral frame holds the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2 (and optionally for a third glass pane G3) at a predetermined distance. To this end, the inter-pane space SZR separating the first glass pane from the second glass pane, and optionally another inter-pane space separating the second glass pane from the third glass pane, are air-free to form the multi-panel vision element as a multi-panel insulating glass (VIG). The inter-pane space SZR may be filled with an insulating gas, in particular argon or krypton, or may be air-free, in particular evacuated.

[0228] The multiple layer glass sealing element 10, 20 is then used in an assembled state in the facade or in the interior spatial design of an architectural space.

[0229] FIG. 9 shows a step 502 in which a plurality of sequins are placed on a glass sheet to form an appearance, the step 502 preferably still being carried out at a float glass factory.

[0230] Float glass plants produce float glass with a normal integrated strip size ranging from 3210 mm wide, usually up to 6000 mm, but occasionally even larger, especially up to 20 m. Preferably, float glass plants also carry out glass coating and glass lamination in strip size format as part of the production facility, this applies to uncoated or coated single glass, uncoated or optionally composite safety glass (VSG), or coated composite glass or optionally composite safety glass (VSG), preferably still in strip size 6000 mm x 3210 mm, which allows maximum utilization of the float glass plant, since the float glass as a whole is always processed.

[0231] The inventive concept has the advantage that the application of spangles P according to step 502 can still be realized in the float glass factory. Thus, according to the inventive concept, as many steps as possible can still be carried out in the float glass factory (i.e. on a larger scale). In this regard, the examples of Figures 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D are shown as concepts for multi-layer glass visual elements that only contain unstrengthened float glass sheets. That is, in the float glass factory, the simple single / flat glass used is provided with spangles, and only afterwards is the glass further cut (preferably also in the factory).

[0232] In contrast, toughened single-pane safety glass requires that the spangles be applied to the glass panes only at the glass factory, i.e. in a format smaller than the ribbon size at the float glass factory.

[0233] The inventive concept, in a preferred development, at least the first glass pane G1 and the second glass pane G2, and in particular the optional third glass pane G3, are formed as unhardened single pane glass, in particular plain float glass, or - at least the first glass pane G1 is formed as a composite glass comprising unhardened single pane glass, in particular plain float glass, and the second glass pane G2 and, in particular, optionally the third glass pane G3 are formed as unhardened single pane glass, in particular plain float glass. Includes.

[0234] The product according to the concept of the present invention therefore consists of unhardened monolithic glass, in particular plain float glass.

[0235] This also applies to the composite glass, since it is made of unhardened single pane glass, in particular plain float glass, as in the examples of Figures 2E, 2F, 2G and 2H.

[0236] Laminated glass made from untempered glass can be spangled in the float glass factory, and the glass is rarely cut in the factory.

[0237] In contrast, composite safety glass consisting of partially tempered glass panes requires cutting, tempering, laminating and spangle application exclusively in the glass factory.

[0238] That is to say, the application of the spangles P can preferably be carried out already in a float glass factory on plain float glass according to a preferred embodiment of the inventive concept, as well as further processing, such as coating and laminating to composite glass, can also be carried out in a float glass factory.

[0239] Although plain float glass sheets do not meet the safety requirements required for single pane safety glass (ESG), they are still of great interest.

[0240] Single-pane safety glass (ESG) always contains a tempered or hardened glass pane, so the spangles P can only be applied after hardening / toughening (due to the high temperatures during hardening / toughening). Composite safety glass can be produced both from partially toughened glass panes (TVG) and from float glass panes. Both variants correspond to composite safety glass (HSG).

[0241] Thus, preferably, according to the concept of the present invention, the multi-layer glass visual element is manufactured from float glass sheets, i.e. as single panes (not ESG), or from composite panes made of float glass sheets, which allows the glass containing spangles P to be used in strip size format in the float glass factory.

[0242] Only after step 502 (applying a plurality of sequins P to the glass plate so as to form an appearance image E) can cutting to smaller dimensions take place in step 502.1 (as indicated by the symbols) and more detailed glass processing (such as edge processing, drilling, etc.) take place in step 502.2.

[0243] Furthermore, steps 502.3, which are not shown in detail but involve particularly energy-intensive processes, such as pretensioning, solid coating and / or glass lamination in fixed dimensions, are performed as optional measures, i.e. only if required.

[0244] Essentially, already after step 502.2 (without consuming a lot of energy in step 502.3), in step 503 above, a glass sheet can be used as the first glass sheet G1 or the second glass sheet G2 to form the above-mentioned multi-layer glass visual element 10, 20.

[0245] In other words, in the manufacturing method according to the concept of the present invention, on the one hand, the application in step 502 can still take place in strip size in the float glass factory, particularly advantageously before cutting to smaller dimensions (i.e., in particular before transfer to the glass processing machine and before cutting to smaller dimensions there in step 502.1). If necessary, coating can also take place in strip size in the float glass factory. This allows the capacity of the float glass plant to be optimally utilized during the production of the multi-layer glass vision elements 10, 20.

[0246] That is, as the number of processing steps (lamination, solid coating) for individual project-specific glass sheets increases compared to processing float glass strips (≥ 6000 x 3210 mm), 2 The energy requirements per glass surface also increase.

[0247] In contrast, the concept of the present invention allows for maximum utilization in float glass factories, thus reducing processing in glass processing.

[0248] In particular, additional energy-intensive processes during glass processing, such as curing required for screen printing applications on glass, are eliminated, and in some cases the energy-intensive process of step 502.3 can be eliminated.

[0249] For example, when toughened single pane safety glass (ESG) or partially toughened glass (TVG) are used as part of composite safety glass (VSG), the application of spangles is carried out only in the glass factory and following the energy-intensive toughening process, in a lamination process that is optimized for less energy consumption compared to the lamination process in fleet glass factories. [Explanation of symbols]

[0250] Pos1,Pos2,Pos3,Pos4,Pos5,Pos6 Glass surface 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B multi-layer glass element 1C,2C Assembly 10, 11V, 11H, 11Z, 12Z triple-layer glass visual element 20, 12H, 12V double-layer glass visual element G1, G2, G3: First glass plate, second glass plate, third glass plate GV1 composite glass sheet GVS composite glass visual element VSG composite safety glass VIG Vacuum Insulated Glass S,F Composite structure film, film or film composite SZR board intermediate space SZR-V, SZR-H First or front inter-plate space, another or rear inter-plate space B coating P sequins P1, P2 Sequins containing adhesive K adhesive G-in: The inner surface of the first glass pane G1 or the second glass pane G2 facing the inter-pane space SZR or the front inter-pane space SZR-V. G-in2, G-in3 The inner surface of the second glass sheet G2 or the third glass sheet G3 facing the rear inter-sheet space SZR-H A, AH, AR Spacer structure, spacer element, frame OR,OA Light-reflecting surface, light-absorbing surface

Claims

1. A multi-layer glass viewing element (10, 20), in particular a multi-layer insulating glass viewing element (VIG), for a window element and / or a facade element, in particular for installation in a facade or in the interior spatial design of an architectural space, At least one first glass sheet (G1) and a second glass sheet (G2), and at least one inter-sheet space (SZR) between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet to separate them; wherein at least the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet are held at a predetermined interval by a spacer structure (A) so as to form a plate intermediate space (SZR) that separates them, In a multi-layer glass visual element (10, 20), a plurality of sequins (P) disposed within the multi-layer glass viewing element to form an appearance image (E); The sequins (P) have a light absorbing surface (OA) and a light reflecting surface (OR), and are arranged so that, when the multilayer glass visual element is assembled, the light absorbing surface faces the building interior space (indoors) and the light reflecting surface faces the building exterior space (outdoors); the sequins (P) are spaced apart from one another so that the multilayer glass visual element is see-through when viewed from the light-absorbing side of the sequins and is substantially opaque when viewed from the light-reflecting side of the sequins; The plurality of sequins (P) are provided on the inner side (G-in) facing the inter-plate space (SZR) of one of the glass plates of the multi-layer glass visual element, A multi-layer glass visual element (10, 20) characterized in that:

2. The glass panes (G1, G2, G3) of the multi-pane glass visual element (10, 20) consist of unhardened single pane glass, in particular plain float glass, and preferably at least the first glass pane (G1) and the second glass pane (G2), in particular the optional third glass pane (G3), are formed as unhardened single pane glass, in particular as plain float glass, or at least the first glass pane (G1) is configured as a composite glass comprising unhardened single pane glass, in particular plain float glass, or as a composite safety glass, and the second glass pane (G2), in particular the optional third glass pane (G3), is configured as unhardened single pane glass, in particular plain float glass, 10. The multi-layer glass viewing element of claim 1.

3. The plurality of spangles (P) are provided directly on the inner side (G-in) of one of the glass panes facing the inter-pane space (SZR), or The plurality of spangles (P) are provided directly on the coating (B) on the inner side facing the inter-plate space (SZR) of one of the glass plates; 3. A multilayer glass visual element according to claim 1 or 2.

4. 4. The multi-layer glass vision element according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of spangles (P) are arranged only on the inside of the first glass pane (G1) and / or the second glass pane (G2) facing the inter-sheet space (SZR), in particular only on the inside of the first glass pane and / or the second glass pane of a two-layer glass vision element (20, 12H, 12V) or a three-layer glass vision element (10, 11V, 11H, 11Z, 12Z) facing the inter-sheet space.

5. In an assembled state of the multi-layer glass visual element, the first glass sheet (G1) is provided as an outer glass facing an external space (outdoor) of a building, and the second glass sheet (G2) is provided as an inner glass facing an internal space (indoor) of the building, the first glass sheet (G1) and the second glass sheet (G2) are single panes of the multi-pane glass visual element, so as to form the multi-pane glass visual element as a double-pane glass visual element (20, 12H, 12V); 5. A multi-layer glass viewing element according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. To form the multi-layer glass visual element as a three-layer glass visual element (10, 11V, 11H, 11Z, 12Z), the multi-layer glass visual element comprises: a third glass pane (G3) in addition to the first glass pane (G1) and the second glass pane (G2), wherein the first glass pane, the second glass pane and the third glass pane are a single pane of the multi-glass vision element; a separate intermediate space (SZR-H) is provided between the second glass sheet and the third glass sheet to separate them, and the second glass sheet and the third glass sheet are held at a predetermined distance by the spacer structure or another spacer structure (A) so as to form the separate intermediate space; The first glass plate is provided as an outer glass plate facing an external space (outside of the room) of a building, the second glass plate (G2) is provided between the first glass plate (G1) and the third glass plate (G3), and the third glass plate is provided as an inner glass plate facing an internal space (inside of the room) of the building.

5. A multi-layer glass viewing element according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. 7. The multilayer glass visual element according to claim 1, wherein the spacer structures for the first glass sheet, the second glass sheet, and optionally the third glass sheet are formed as a peripheral frame (AR), which holds the first glass sheet, the second glass sheet, and optionally the third glass sheet at a predetermined distance.

8. 8. The multilayer glass visual element of claim 1, wherein the inter-pane space separating the first glass pane and the second glass pane, and optionally another inter-pane space separating the second glass pane and the third glass pane, are air-free, i.e., air-free to form the multilayer glass visual element as a multilayer insulating glass visual element.

9. For multi-pane vision elements in the form of multi-pane insulating glass vision elements (VIG), the inter-pane spaces, and optionally further inter-pane spaces, may be: the inter-pane spaces and the inter-pane spaces are air-free so as to be filled with an insulating gas, in particular argon or krypton, in order to insulate the multi-pane viewing element and form it as an insulating glass viewing element (VIG); or The inter-plate space and the inter-plate space are evacuated and air-free to insulate the multi-layer glass viewing element and form a multi-layer vacuum insulated glass viewing element (VIG).

9. A multi-layer glass viewing element according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. 10. The multilayer glass vision element of claim 1, wherein the first glass pane, the second glass pane, and optionally the third glass pane are held at a predetermined distance by a spacer structure including one or more spacer elements (AH) to define the spacing between the panes in the pane field of view.

11. 11. The multilayer glass vision element according to claim 1, wherein the spacer structure is formed by one or more, in particular all, of a plurality of spangles (P) on the first glass sheet (G1) and / or on the second glass sheet (G2), and at least one or more, preferably all, of the spangles are formed as spacer elements (AH).

12. 12. A multilayer glass vision element according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the spangles forming the spacer elements (AH) are flat and have a predetermined height extending across the inter-plate space.

13. 13. The multilayer glass visual element according to claim 1, wherein spangles are applied, in particular directly, to the inside of the first glass pane and / or the second glass pane facing the inter-pane space, and optionally, in particular directly, to the inside of the second glass pane and / or the third glass pane facing another inter-pane space, using adhesive, bonding means or similar application means.

14. 14. The multilayer glass visual element according to claim 1, wherein the light-reflecting surfaces (OR) of the spangles are made reflective from metal or metal oxide and / or the light-absorbing surfaces of the spangles are made black.

15. Sequins (P, P Ｗ ) is flat or curved and / or has a layer structure including a deco film and a light absorbing layer, In particular, the deco film comprises a reflective polymer film made of a metal or metal oxide, and / or the light-absorbing layer is a light-absorbing plastic film or a light-absorbing coating of the deco film.

15. A multi-layer glass viewing element according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. The spangles (P) are provided, in particular, directly on the glass surface or directly on the coating (B) of the glass surface, i.e., on the inside of the first glass sheet, which is provided as an outer glass facing the building exterior space, facing the inter-sheet space; the second light-reflecting surface of the spangles (P) is provided, in particular, directly on the glass surface or directly on the coating (B) of the glass surface, in particular on the inside of the first glass sheet facing the inter-sheet space, starting from the point where the light-reflecting surface of the spangles supports the adhesive, 16. A multi-layer glass vision element according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. The spangles (P) are provided on the inner side of the second glass sheet (G2) facing the intermediate space (SZR), in particular directly, the second glass sheet (G2) being provided as an inner glass so as to face the interior space of the building; the first light-absorbing surface (OA) of the spangle (P) is provided on the inner side facing the inter-plate space (SZR) of the second glass sheet (G2), in particular directly, starting from a point where the light-absorbing surface (OA) of the spangle supports the adhesive, Multilayer glass vision element according to any one of claims 1 to 16

18. 18. A multi-layer glass vision element according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the glass pane opposite the glass pane containing the spangles is provided with a glass coating (B) on the inside facing the inter-pane space.

19. spangles (P) are provided on the inner side (G-in) of the first or second glass pane facing the inter-pane space, without a coating (B) located between the panes and the spangles, in particular optionally with a coating arranged on the spangles, or The spangles (P) are provided on the coating (B) located on the inner side (G-in) of the first glass sheet or the second glass sheet facing the inter-sheet space, between the glass sheets (G1, G2) and the spangles, or Sequins (P, P Ｗ ) is provided on the inside of one of the first glass sheet (G1) and the second glass sheet (G2) facing the inter-sheet space (SZR), with or without a coating (B) located between the glass sheet and the spangles, and the spangles (P) are in contact with the first glass sheet (G1) and the second glass sheet (G2); 19. A multi-layer glass vision element according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. a plurality of sequins are arranged on the first glass sheet and / or the second glass sheet, and optionally on a third glass sheet, so as to form an appearance image (E); The spangles (P) have a first lateral spacing (D) from one another on the first glass sheet (G1) as an outer glass, The spangles (P) have a second horizontal distance (d) from each other on the second glass sheet (G2) as an inner glass, The second lateral spacing (d) on the second glass sheet (G2) is or becomes smaller than the first lateral spacing (D); 20. A multi-layer glass viewing element according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

21. the sequins are shaped and / or spaced apart from one another to form a functional screen that provides a visual and / or protective function of the multi-layer glass visual element against external influences; The external action is selected from the group consisting of bird protection, sun protection, and heat protection.

21. A multi-layer glass vision element according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

22. 22. A multilayer glass vision element according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the area coverage as a ratio of the total area of ​​the sequins per unit area of ​​the multilayer glass vision element to form a bird protection screen is less than 5%, in particular less than 3%, in particular less than 2%, in particular less than 1%, in particular less than 0.5%.

23. The light-reflecting surface, particularly the surface of the sequins formed from metal or metal oxide to have reflectivity, has a translucent layer, and the translucent layer is have a reflectance in the non-visible region of the spectrum (non-VIS) that is significantly higher than the reflectance in the visible region of the spectrum (VIS); and / or have a transmittance in the non-visible spectral range (non-VIS) that is significantly lower than the transmittance in the visible spectral range (VIS); 23. A multi-layer glass vision element according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

24. 24. A window and / or facade element for installation in a facade or in the interior spatial design of an architectural space, comprising a multi-pane viewing element according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

25. 24. A method for producing a multilayer glass optical element according to any one of claims 1 to 23, comprising the steps of: Providing (501) a first glass sheet and a second glass sheet; Step (502) of arranging a plurality of sequins on the first glass sheet and / or the second glass sheet to form an appearance image (E), wherein: The sequins have a light-absorbing surface and a light-reflecting surface, and when the multi-layer glass visual element is assembled, the light-absorbing surface faces the interior space of the building, and the light-reflecting surface faces the exterior space of the building; the sequins are spaced apart from one another so as to be visible when viewed from the light-absorbing side of the sequins and substantially invisible when viewed from the light-reflecting side of the sequins; the spangles are provided on the inner side facing the interspace of one of the glass panes of the multi-panel glass visual element, in particular directly on the inner side facing the interspace of one of the glass panes or directly on a coating on the inner side facing the interspace of one of the glass panes; Step (502), using (503) the first glass sheet and / or the second glass sheet to form a multi-layer glass vision element (10, 20) according to any one of claims 1 to 23; A method comprising:

26. 26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the step (502) of arranging a plurality of spangles on the first glass sheet and / or on the second glass sheet to form an appearance image (E) is performed before cutting (502.1) and / or in a strip size format, in particular in a float glass factory.

27. 24. Use of a multi-layer glass vision element according to any one of claims 1 to 23 for the functional operation of a bird protection element, comprising: The sequins are spaced apart from one another to make the bird threatening objects visible, and the area coverage, as a ratio of the total area of ​​the sequins to a unit area of ​​the multilayer glass vision element, is less than 5%, particularly less than 3%, particularly less than 2%, particularly less than 1%, particularly less than 0.5%, to form a bird protection screen.

10. The use of a multi-layer glass visual element, characterized in that:

Images