Apparatus and method for manufacturing films for electrical energy storage systems

Abstract

An apparatus for manufacturing films for electrical energy storage systems comprises a multi-screw machine (3) for producing a molten material from at least one type of polyethylene (5) and oil (8). The multi-screw machine (3) comprises a housing (15) in which housing holes (26, 27) are formed, in which processing element shafts (28, 29) for mixing at least one type of polyethylene (5) and oil (8) are arranged. Each processing element shaft (28, 29) comprises a plurality of processing elements (54, 54'), and for at least one processing element (54, 54') per processing element shaft (28, 29), D a / D i ≥ 1.4. D a This indicates the outer diameter of the processing element (54, 54'), D i This indicates the core diameter of the processing element (54, 54'). This ensures a gentle and energy-efficient processing.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for manufacturing films for electrical energy storage systems, particularly batteries and / or storage batteries. [Background technology]

[0002] Films are used to electrically insulate electrodes in electrical energy storage systems such as batteries and / or rechargeable batteries. Therefore, such films are also called separator films. To allow for the necessary exchange of electrons or ions, the film must have a porous structure.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus and method for manufacturing a film for an electrical energy storage system. The apparatus comprises a multi-screw machine used to produce a molten product from polyethylene and heated oil. The multi-screw machine comprises a housing having at least two housing holes formed through each other. Processing element shafts are rotatably positioned within each housing hole and have processing elements with at least three flights. Each processing element shaft has an outer diameter D a and core diameter D i It has such that 1.1 ≤ D a / D i The value is ≤1.3. The design of the processing element shafts allows for strong mixing of molten polyethylene and oil at low rotational speeds of at least two processing element shafts, while preventing thermal damage to the polyethylene and oil. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] EP 3 281 767 A1 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] The object of the present invention is to create an apparatus that enables a film for an electrical energy storage system to be produced in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0006] This object is achieved by an apparatus having the features of claim 1. For at least one processing element per processing element shaft, D a / D i ≧1.4, so that in at least some sections in at least two housing holes of the multi-axis screw machine, the free cross-sectional area, and thus the free volume, increases. Due to the larger free volume, at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil is exposed to a lower shear, particularly a lower shear force and / or a lower shear rate, and at least one type of polyethylene and oil is gently processed into the melt. The mechanical energy imparted to at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil by shear is low, and at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil is not thermally impaired or damaged, or at least not significantly damaged. As a result, the apparatus according to the present invention enables a film for an electrical energy storage system to be produced in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner.

[0007] At least one processing element is designed particularly as a conveying element and / or a kneading element and / or a mixing element. At least one processing element is preferably designed as a kneading disk. A plurality of kneading disks arranged continuously in the conveying direction of the multi-axis screw machine can be formed individually and / or integrally as a kneading block. The multi-axis screw machine preferably has a plurality of processing elements per processing element shaft, and their ratio D a / D i is within the scope of the claims. The processing elements are within the scope of the claims with the same ratio D a / D i and / or different ratios D a / D iEach processing element shaft may preferably include a plurality of conveying elements and / or a plurality of kneading elements and / or a plurality of mixing elements, with a ratio D a / D i This falls within the scope of the patent claims. The conveying element and / or kneading element and / or mixing element are within the scope of the patent claims, with the same ratio D a / D i and / or different ratios D a / D i It can have . Preferably 1.4 ≤ D a / D i ≤2.3, especially 1.5 ≤D a / D i ≤2.2, especially 1.56 ≤D a / D i The value is ≤ 2.15.

[0008] Multi-screw machines are designed to rotate in the same direction. For this purpose, at least two processing element shafts can rotate or be driven to rotate in the same direction about their respective axes of rotation. The at least two processing element shafts are preferably designed to mesh with each other, and especially to mesh very closely. Multi-screw machines are preferably designed as twin-screw machines, and especially twin-screw machines that rotate in the same direction. A twin-screw machine has two housing holes formed within a housing and penetrating each other, these housing holes having a sideways figure-eight shape, particularly in cross-section. One processing element shaft is rotatably mounted in each of the two housing holes. Each processing element shaft preferably comprises a profile shaft to which a plurality of processing elements, particularly conveying elements and / or kneading elements and / or mixing elements, are mounted.

[0009] At least two processing element shafts are designed to interlock closely with each other, so that adjacent processing elements interact in a closely interlocking manner. Furthermore, at least two processing element shafts are designed to contact the inner wall of the housing that defines at least two housing bores. As a result, at least one type of polyethylene and oil are thoroughly mixed, and a cleaning effect is also obtained. This cleaning effect prevents at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil from remaining in the multi-screw machine for an unacceptably long time and undergoing thermal degradation.

[0010] A multi-screw machine preferably comprises a heating device for heating at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil in at least two housing bores, and / or a cooling device for cooling the molten at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil in at least two housing bores. The heating device is located particularly on and / or inside the housing. The heating device preferably comprises a heating plate in contact with the housing, and / or a heating cartridge located in the relevant bores of the housing. The heating device is preferably electrically actuated and / or actuated by a heat transfer fluid. At least one heating channel for the heat transfer fluid is formed, for example, inside the housing.

[0011] The cooling device is used in particular to cool molten materials. The cooling device is operated in particular by a cooling fluid. For this purpose, at least one cooling channel, specifically for the cooling fluid, is formed within the housing.

[0012] The housing of the multi-screw machine preferably forms a heating region and / or a cooling region. The cooling region is located downstream of the heating region in the conveying direction of the multi-screw machine. The heating region has a length L in the conveying direction. H It has a cooling area with a length L in the transport direction. K It has L H / L K The ratio is 0.5 ≤ L H / L K ≤3, especially 0.75 ≤LH / L K ≤2.5, especially 1 ≤L H / L K The limit is 2.

[0013] The apparatus preferably includes a first feeding device for supplying at least one type of polyethylene to a multi-screw machine and / or a crushing or mixing device. For example, the first feeding device is positioned upstream of the crushing or mixing device so that at least one type of polyethylene is supplied from the first feeding device to the multi-screw machine via the crushing or mixing device. The first feeding device particularly includes at least one gravimetric feeder. The first feeding device may, in particular, be insulated and / or heated. A first preheating device for heating at least one type of polyethylene is preferably positioned upstream of the first feeding device.

[0014] The apparatus preferably includes a grinding device for grinding at least one type of polyethylene. The at least one type of polyethylene is formed particularly as a bulk material, for example, as granules and / or powder. The grinding device is used in particular to grind granules and / or powder and / or aggregates. The grinding device is located upstream of the first feeder, particularly upstream of the first preheater. As a result, the at least one type of polyethylene is supplied to the multi-screw machine in a pulverized form. The at least one type of polyethylene is preferably heated by the first preheater after grinding. The smaller the particle size of the at least one type of polyethylene, the easier it is to mix the at least one type of polyethylene with oil to form a homogeneous molten material. In particular, the at least one type of polyethylene can be melted or plasticized more easily and / or more quickly in the multi-screw machine. By reducing the particle size of the at least one type of polyethylene, the processing capacity can be increased and / or the machine size of the multi-screw machine can be reduced. The grinding device includes, for example, a mill and / or a turbo mixer and / or an intensive mixer.

[0015] The apparatus preferably includes a second supply device for supplying oil to a multi-screw machine. The second supply device particularly includes at least one dosing pump and / or at least one nozzle. The second supply device is particularly insulated and / or heated and / or cooled. A second preheating device for heating the oil and / or a cooling device for cooling the oil are preferably located upstream of the second supply device. For example, a first portion of the oil is heated by the second preheating device, while a second portion of the oil is not heated and / or cooled by the cooling device. The first portion of the oil is supplied upstream of the second portion of the oil in the conveying direction of the multi-screw machine. Therefore, the second preheating device is particularly connected to at least one first oil supply port of the multi-screw machine, while the cooling device is connected to at least one second oil supply port of the multi-screw machine, located downstream of at least one first oil supply port.

[0016] The apparatus preferably includes at least one screening device for cleaning the molten material. The at least one screening device is located downstream of the multi-screw machine in the conveying direction. The at least one screening device improves the quality of the molten material in a simple and energy-efficient manner. Multiple screening devices are preferably provided, and these have stepped screen mesh sizes in the conveying direction of the molten material. The at least one screening device is designed in particular as a screen changer, breaker plate, disc filter, and / or candle filter.

[0017] The apparatus preferably comprises at least one melt pump located downstream of the multi-screw machine in the conveying direction. The at least one melt pump is preferably located upstream of the discharge nozzle in the conveying direction. The at least one melt pump is used to increase the pressure of the molten material in a simple and energy-efficient manner for discharge through the discharge nozzle. In particular, at least one screen device is located between the at least one melt pump and the discharge nozzle. The melt pump is designed, for example, as a gear pump.

[0018] The apparatus preferably comprises at least one discharge nozzle. The at least one discharge nozzle is located downstream of at least one screen device and / or downstream of at least one melt pump in the conveying direction. The at least one discharge nozzle is used to produce a film from the molten material. The discharge nozzle is preferably designed as a slot die, particularly a wide slot die.

[0019] The apparatus preferably includes a control device. The control device is used in particular to control a first preheating device for heating at least one type of polyethylene, and / or a second preheating device for heating oil, and / or a cooling device for cooling oil, and / or a multi-screw machine, and / or a first supply device for supplying at least one type of polyethylene, and / or a second supply device for supplying oil, and / or at least one screen device, and / or at least one melt pump. The control device is used in particular to control when the heated at least one type of polyethylene reaches a temperature T P The first preheating device is controlled to have, and / or, in particular, the heated oil reaches temperature T O The second preheating device is controlled to have the following characteristics: Furthermore, the control device controls the second preheating device to have the following characteristics: In addition, at least two processing element shafts are rotationally driven at a rotational speed N and / or torque Md and / or at least one type of polyethylene is in the multi-screw machine with an average residence time t VThe multi-screw machine is controlled to have the following characteristics. In particular, the control device controls the first and second feeders so that the molten material contains 15% to 50% by volume of polyethylene and 50% to 85% by volume of oil, especially 20% to 35% by volume of polyethylene and 65% to 80% by volume of oil.

[0020] The apparatus described in claim 2 ensures that films for electrical energy storage systems are manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. a / D i The higher the ratio D, the larger the free cross-sectional area, and therefore the larger the free volume in at least two housing holes, and the smaller the shear force experienced by at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil. a / D i The upper limit ensures sufficient mechanical energy input for melting at least one type of polyethylene and / or for mixing the molten at least one type of polyethylene with the oil. The lower the upper limit, the greater the minimum mechanical energy input to the at least one type of polyethylene and / or the oil. Each processing element shaft preferably has a plurality of processing elements, which are arranged continuously in the conveying direction, with a ratio D a / D i This is within the scope of the claims. The processing element has the same ratio D a / D i , and / or different ratios D within the claims a / D i It can have.

[0021] The apparatus described in claim 3 ensures that films for electrical energy storage systems are manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. The L / D ratio ensures, firstly, a sufficiently long residence time for at least one polyethylene and / or oil in the multi-screw machine to ensure sufficient mixing and homogeneous molten material, and secondly, prevents uneconomical manufacturing and / or excessive mechanical energy input. A higher L / D ratio results in a longer residence time for at least one polyethylene and / or oil in the multi-screw machine, leading to better mixing and homogenization. A lower L / D ratio results in more economical and / or gentler molten material production.

[0022] The apparatus described in claim 4 ensures that films for electrical energy storage systems are manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. Ratio D within a specified range a / D i Each processing element of the processing element shaft having a cumulative length L M The processing elements may be arranged continuously and directly in the transport direction, and / or distributed in the transport direction. Cumulative length L M D is the sum of the widths of all processing elements in each processing element shaft, and its ratio D a / D i This is within the scope of the patent claims. Ratio L M / L is the length L in at least two housing holes. M The free cross-sectional area increases over a certain length, and therefore the free volume increases, so the shear force exerted on at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil is greater over a certain length L M It guarantees a decrease over time.

[0023] The apparatus described in claim 5 ensures that a film for an electrical energy storage system is manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. Each processing element has at least one flight. Hereinafter, the number of flights is denoted by k. The number of flights k is 1 ≤ k ≤ 3, particularly 1 ≤ k ≤ 2. Preferably, the number of flights k is k = 2. The number of flights k ensures, firstly, sufficient free cross-sectional area or sufficient free volume, and secondly, sufficient mixing of at least one type of polyethylene with oil. The number of flights k corresponds to the number of starts (number of strips).

[0024] The apparatus described in claim 6 ensures that films for electrical energy storage systems are manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. At least one type of polyethylene is heated to a temperature T by the first preheating device. P It is heated to a temperature of T. The heated at least one type of polyethylene, or the heated at least one type of polyethylene, is formed in particular as a bulk material, for example, as powder and / or granules. A first preheating device is positioned to supply the heated at least one type of polyethylene upstream of the multi-screw machine. The first preheating device is positioned in particular upstream of a first supply device for supplying the at least one type of polyethylene to the multi-screw machine. When the at least one type of polyethylene is supplied to the multi-screw machine, the temperature T P Because it is heated to this extent, less mechanical energy is required to melt at least one type of polyethylene in the multi-screw machine. This results in a gentler melting or processing of the at least one type of polyethylene, and improved energy efficiency.

[0025] The first preheating device is used, in particular, to transfer heat directly and / or indirectly to at least one type of polyethylene. Direct heat transfer means, in particular, that a heat transfer fluid, such as a hot gas, is in direct contact with at least one type of polyethylene. In contrast, indirect heat transfer means, in particular, that the heat transfer fluid is not in direct contact with at least one type of polyethylene, i.e., it is separated from at least one type of polyethylene by a heat transfer element such as a metal plate and / or a metal pipe.

[0026] The first preheating device preferably comprises a bulk material heat exchanger. The bulk material heat exchanger is used indirectly to transfer heat to at least one type of polyethylene. The at least one type of polyethylene is conveyed, for example, through the bulk material heat exchanger by gravitational and / or pneumatic conveying. For example, heated gas, steam, and / or particularly heated liquid are used as the heat transfer fluid.

[0027] The first preheating device preferably comprises a heated screw machine. The heated screw machine particularly comprises a housing, at least one housing bore formed therein, and at least one conveying shaft. The at least one conveying shaft is rotatably positioned within each associated housing bore. Each conveying shaft preferably comprises a shaft and conveying elements sequentially mounted on the shaft in the conveying direction. The at least one conveying element is particularly a full-flight screw welded to the shaft. The housing and / or at least one conveying shaft can be heated. For example, the shaft and / or at least one conveying element can be heated. For this purpose, respective passages for a heat transfer fluid are formed, for example, within the housing and / or within the shaft and / or within the at least one conveying element. In the case of a full-flight screw, the heat transfer fluid flows through the flanks (sides) of the screw. The heated screw machine can be low in height and can be operated flexibly, particularly with a variety of processing capacities. The heated screw machine is particularly used to indirectly transfer heat to at least one type of polyethylene. Additives can also be optionally supplied to or added to the heated screw machine. The additives are then mixed with at least one type of polyethylene and similarly preheated.

[0028] A first preheating device for at least one type of polyethylene preferably comprises a fluidized bed heater and / or silo container. The fluidized bed heater and / or silo container has a gas flowing through it to directly transfer heat, which is supplied, for example, by a blower.

[0029] The first preheating device preferably comprises a heating chamber and / or heating cabinet for directly and / or indirectly transferring heat to at least one type of polyethylene.

[0030] In particular, direct and indirect heat transfer can be combined by the first preheating device.

[0031] The apparatus described in claim 7 ensures that films for electrical energy storage systems are manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. The second preheating device heats at least a portion of the supplied oil to a temperature T O It is used to heat the oil to a temperature T when it is supplied to the multi-screw machine. O By being heated to this point, at least one type of polyethylene inside the multi-screw machine is further heated by the heated oil. As a result, less energy is required to supply the at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil to the multi-screw machine. The second preheating device includes, in particular, a heat exchanger and / or an electrical resistance heating element.

[0032] A second preheating device is connected to a multi-screw machine via a second supply device and supplies heated oil. The multi-screw machine preferably has at least two oil supply ports arranged successively in the conveying direction. At least one second oil supply port is therefore located downstream of at least one first oil supply port in the conveying direction.

[0033] The second preheating device is preferably connected to the multi-screw machine via a second supply device, and heated oil is supplied through at least one first oil supply port and at least one second oil supply port. Preferably, the heated oil is supplied from all oil supply ports.

[0034] The second preheating device is preferably connected to the multi-screw machine via a second supply device, and heated oil is supplied to the multi-screw machine from at least one first oil supply port, but not from at least one second oil supply port. Therefore, the second preheating device is not connected to at least one second oil supply port via the second supply device. Unheated oil and / or cooled oil are supplied to the multi-screw machine by the second supply device from at least one second oil supply port. The apparatus according to the present invention particularly includes a cooling device for supplying cooled oil. The cooling device is connected to at least one second oil supply port to supply cooled oil by the second supply device. Unheated oil and / or cooled oil can be supplied as appropriate through any oil supply port located downstream of at least one second oil supply port in the conveying direction.

[0035] Heated oil, unheated or uncooled oil, or cooled oil can be supplied from each oil supply port in the manner described above. Heated oil is preferably supplied from at least one first oil supply port as viewed in the conveying direction, and unheated or cooled oil is supplied from at least one downstream oil supply port as viewed in the conveying direction. The molten material is cooled by the unheated or cooled oil, thereby lowering the temperature of the molten material at the discharge port of the multi-screw machine. As a result, the processing capacity can be increased in particular. For example, when supplied from at least one first oil supply port, the oil has a temperature of at least 60°C, and when supplied from at least one downstream oil supply port, the oil has a temperature of less than 60°C, particularly 40°C or less.

[0036] The apparatus described in claim 8 ensures that a film for an electrical energy storage system is manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. At least one supply port for supplying at least one type of polyethylene will hereafter be referred to as the at least one polyethylene supply port, while at least one supply port for supplying oil will hereafter be referred to as the oil supply port. The at least one oil supply port is located particularly downstream of the at least one polyethylene supply port in the conveying direction of the multi-screw machine. As a result, the oil is supplied to the at least one type of polyethylene already present in the multi-screw machine. The at least one polyethylene supply port and / or at least one oil supply port are particularly formed in the housing and open into at least two housing holes. Each oil supply port is preferably located downstream of the at least one polyethylene supply port in the conveying direction. The multi-screw machine preferably has at least two oil supply ports, particularly at least three oil supply ports, which are arranged in a continuous manner downstream of the at least one polyethylene supply port in the conveying direction. A multi-screw machine is preferably equipped with 20 or fewer oil supply ports, more particularly 16 or fewer, and more particularly 12 or fewer. The oil supply ports allow for the gradual addition of oil and enable better mixing of the oil with at least one type of polyethylene, particularly molten at least one type of polyethylene.

[0037] The apparatus described in claim 9 ensures that a film for an electrical energy storage system is manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. The supply port for supplying oil will hereafter be referred to as the oil supply port. Distance L A or ratio L A / D ensures that the oil is gradually added to the multi-screw machine and mixed with at least one type of polyethylene or at least one type of molten polyethylene. Distance L A or ratio L A / D ensures that the oil already added is mixed to a sufficient degree with at least one type of polyethylene before any further oil is added to the multi-screw machine. If there are at least three feed ports, the distance L between each of two adjacent feed ports. A or ratio L A / D can be the same and / or different.

[0038] The apparatus described in claim 10 ensures that a film for an electrical energy storage system is manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. A supply port for supplying oil is hereinafter referred to as an oil supply port. Multiple oil supply ports open into at least two housing holes at different positions along the circumferential contour of at least two housing holes, so that at least one polyethylene or molten at least one polyethylene in at least two housing holes is moistened with oil supplied from different sides. This improves the mixing of the oil with at least one polyethylene or molten at least one polyethylene. For example, at least one oil supply port opens into at least two housing holes in the transition region, preferably in all transition regions, and / or at least one oil supply port opens into at least two housing holes in the side region, preferably in all side regions. The oil supply ports can be located in the same position as the housing and / or at different positions on the housing in the transport direction. A multi-screw machine preferably has m different oil supply ports arranged along the circumferential contour, where 2 ≤ m ≤ 8, particularly 3 ≤ m ≤ 7, and particularly 4 ≤ m ≤ 6. Oil is preferably supplied to at least two housing holes by each nozzle. For this purpose, each nozzle is located in and / or connected to the associated oil supply port.

[0039] The apparatus described in claim 11 ensures that a film for an electrical energy storage system is manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. At least two processing element shafts have a processing element ratio D a / D i It is within the scope of the claim, and together with the housing, free cross-sectional area A F The cross-sectional area of ​​at least two housing holes is defined as cross-sectional area A. F / A represents a relatively large free cross-sectional area A F This ensures a large free volume within at least two housing holes. Thus, ratio A F / A ensures that at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil is subjected to low shear forces and that the processing is gentle.

[0040] The apparatus described in claim 12 ensures that a film for an electrical energy storage system is manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. The grinding device is located particularly upstream of the first feeder. At least one polyethylene is formed as a bulk material, for example, as granules and / or powder. The grinding device is used to grind the granules and / or powder and / or aggregates. As a result, at least one polyethylene is supplied to a multi-screw machine in a pulverized form. The smaller the particle size of the at least one polyethylene, the easier it is to mix the at least one polyethylene with oil to form a homogeneous molten material. In particular, the at least one polyethylene can be melted or plasticized more easily and / or more quickly in the multi-screw machine. By reducing the particle size of the at least one polyethylene, the processing volume through the multi-screw machine can be increased and / or the machine size of the multi-screw machine can be reduced. The grinding device comprises, for example, a housing in which grinding elements are arranged. The grinding device comprises, for example, a mill and / or a turbomixer. The grinding device is preferably located upstream of the first preheater.

[0041] The apparatus described in claim 13 ensures that films for electrical energy storage systems are manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. By supplying a portion of the oil to the crushing unit, at least a portion of at least one type of polyethylene and a portion of the oil can be mixed together before being supplied to at least two housing holes of the multi-screw machine. In the crushing unit, at least one type of polyethylene is pre-moistened with oil. As a result, the at least one type of polyethylene in the multi-screw machine can be more easily mixed with the oil supplied to the at least two housing holes due to its oil-coated surface. Furthermore, wetting the surface of at least one type of polyethylene can improve the supply to the at least two housing holes of the multi-screw machine. The crushing of aggregates in the crushing unit, in which powder particles are separated and then pre-moistened with oil, prevents the formation of aggregates in the multi-screw machine that are not internally moistened. This improves the quality of the molten material.

[0042] The grinding device preferably comprises at least one grinding element located within a housing. The at least one grinding element is also used, in particular, for mixing at least one type of polyethylene with oil. The at least one grinding element is preferably rotatable about a rotation axis by a drive device. As a result, the at least one grinding element is used, on the one hand, for grinding agglutinations, and on the other hand, for mixing and / or pre-wetting at least one type of polyethylene with oil.

[0043] The grinding device is preferably located downstream of the first feeder. In particular, the grinding device is located between the first feeder and the multi-screw machine. A first preheating device for heating at least one type of polyethylene is preferably located upstream of the grinding device and / or upstream of the first feeder. The grinding device is particularly directly connected to the multi-screw machine.

[0044] The apparatus described in claim 14 ensures that films for electrical energy storage systems are manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. An oil cooling device is used to supply unheated or cooled oil to a multi-screw machine. The oil cooling device is connected to at least one oil supply port of the multi-screw machine to supply oil cooled by a second supply device. A second preheating device is preferably connected to at least one first oil supply port, and the oil cooling device is connected to at least one second oil supply port located downstream of at least one first oil supply port in the conveying direction. The molten material inside the multi-screw machine is cooled by the cooled oil, thereby lowering the temperature of the molten material at the discharge port of the multi-screw machine. As a result, processing capacity can be improved in particular.

[0045] The apparatus according to claim 15 ensures that a film for an electrical energy storage system is manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. The housing of the multi-screw machine comprises a plurality of housing sections arranged continuously in the conveying direction and connected to one another. For connection, the housing sections are provided with flanges that are screwed to each other, for example. At least one of the housing sections comprises a housing jacket and a sleeve. The sleeve is located within the housing jacket and partially forms at least two housing holes that penetrate each other. At least one helical fluid passage is formed between the housing jacket and the sleeve. At least one helical groove is formed in the outer wall of the sleeve and / or the inner wall of the housing jacket to form at least one helical fluid passage. At least one fluid passage extends helically around at least two processing element shafts. At least two helical fluid passages are preferably formed between the housing jacket and the sleeve. At least two fluid passages are arranged at least partially continuously in the conveying direction. To supply fluid to at least one fluid passage, at least one supply port and at least one discharge port are formed in the housing jacket, and these supply and discharge ports open into at least one fluid passage.

[0046] At least one housing section can be used for heating and / or cooling. At least one fluid passage is connected to a heating device for heating and / or to a cooling device for cooling. For heating, the fluid flowing through at least one fluid passage is heated by the heating device. The heated fluid can dissipate thermal energy to at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil in at least two housing bores. For cooling, the fluid flowing through at least one fluid passage is cooled by the cooling device. The molten material in at least two housing bores can dissipate thermal energy to the fluid, which carries the thermal energy away from at least one housing section.

[0047] The housing preferably comprises a plurality of housing sections, each including a housing jacket and a sleeve, which together form at least one fluid passage. For example, at least one, preferably a plurality of, of these housing sections are used for heating, and / or at least one, preferably a plurality of, of these housing sections are used for cooling.

[0048] Multiple of these housing sections can be connected to a heating device together, and / or independently of each other, or individually, so that the housing sections can be heated similarly by the heating fluid, and / or independently or individually by each heating fluid.

[0049] Multiple of these housing sections can be connected together to a cooling device, and / or independently of each other, or individually, so that the housing sections can be cooled similarly by the cooling fluid, and / or independently or individually by each cooling fluid.

[0050] At least one housing section allows for improved heat transfer. The sleeve is manufactured from a material with particularly high thermal conductivity. The sleeve has a higher thermal conductivity than the housing jacket. The thermal conductivity λ of the sleeve is particularly 20 W / (m·K) ≤ λ ≤ 60 W / (m·K), particularly 28 W / (m·K) ≤ λ ≤ 52 W / (m·K), and particularly 30 W / (m·K) ≤ λ ≤ 45 W / (m·K).

[0051] Thanks to improved heat transfer, at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil can be heated more quickly and efficiently, thereby improving the production of a homogeneous molten material. Furthermore, the resulting molten material can be cooled more quickly and efficiently, thereby easily preventing overheating and degradation of the molten material.

[0052] At least one fluid channel forms W turns (winding) around at least two processing element shafts. At least one fluid channel has a maximum channel width or diameter D F It has. At least one adjacent turn of a fluid flow path is at a distance A from each other in the transport direction. W It has a maximum flow path width or diameter D. F Regarding this, in particular, 5mm≦D F ≤40mm, especially 7mm ≤D F ≤30mm, especially 9mm ≤D F The limit is 20mm.

[0053] Preferably, ratio A W / D F is 0.5 ≤ A W / D F ≤3.5, especially 1 ≤A W / D F ≤3, and especially 1.5 ≤A W / D F The value is ≤ 2.5.

[0054] For the number of turns W, for example, 4 ≤ W ≤ 40, especially 8 ≤ W ≤ 30, and especially 12 ≤ W ≤ 20.

[0055] The apparatus described in claim 16 ensures that films for electrical energy storage systems are manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. The throttle device is used to adjust the filling level of a multi-screw machine and / or the residence time of at least one polyethylene and oil within the multi-screw machine. This improves the mixing and homogenization of at least one polyethylene and oil. It can increase the amount of material passing through the multi-screw machine and / or decrease the length L of at least two processing element shafts, or the length of the multi-screw machine. The throttle device preferably comprises a housing with a through passage formed therein. At least one throttle body is positioned within the through passage to adjust the free cross-sectional area of ​​the through passage. At least one throttle body can be adjusted in particular by a drive device and can be rotated in particular around a rotation axis.

[0056] Another objective of the present invention is to create a method that enables the simple, gentle, and energy-efficient production of films for electrical energy storage systems.

[0057] This objective is achieved by a method having the features of claim 17. The advantages of the method according to the present invention correspond to the advantages of the apparatus according to the present invention that have already been described. The method according to the present invention can be further developed by having at least one feature described in relation to the apparatus according to the present invention. Accordingly, the apparatus according to the present invention can be further developed by having at least one feature described in relation to the method according to the present invention.

[0058] At least one type of polyethylene and oil are initially supplied from at least one feed port into at least two housing bores of the multi-screw machine. The at least one type of polyethylene is selected from at least one polyethylene type: HMW-PE, UHMW-PE, HD-PE, LD-PE, and / or LLD-PE. The at least one type of polyethylene can be selected from at least one polyethylene type. Furthermore, the at least one type of polyethylene may include or be a combination of the same polyethylene type and / or different polyethylene types having the same and / or different molecular weights. The oil is selected, for example, from white oil and / or paraffin oil. The at least one type of polyethylene is formed, for example, as a bulk material, particularly as powder and / or granules. Preferably, powdered polyethylene is supplied to the multi-screw machine. The at least one type of polyethylene and oil can be supplied to at least two housing bores via a common feed port and / or via separate feed ports. At least one type of polyethylene and oil can be supplied separately to the multi-screw machine, for example, through a common feed port, and / or supplied to the multi-screw machine as a premixture through a common feed port. To produce the premixture, at least a portion of at least one type of polyethylene and at least a portion of oil, particularly heated oil, are mixed together before being supplied to the multi-screw machine.

[0059] The multi-screw machine melts at least one type of supplied polyethylene into a polyethylene molten material and mixes it with supplied oil to form a homogeneous molten material. The ratio D of at least one processing element in each processing element shaft. a / D i This results in a larger free cross-sectional area and, consequently, a larger free volume. This reduces the shear force and associated thermal load on at least one type of polyethylene or polyethylene molten material and oil.

[0060] The melt contains, in particular, 15 to 50% by volume of polyethylene and 50 to 85% by volume of oil, particularly 20 to 35% by volume of polyethylene and 65 to 80% by volume of oil. The higher the volume ratio of the oil, the higher the porosity of the film. Preferably, 40 to 80%, particularly 55 to 75% of the oil is supplied from the first oil supply port, and 20 to 60%, particularly 25 to 45% of the oil is supplied from at least another oil supply port arranged downstream of the first oil supply port in the conveying direction. When the volume ratio of the oil is high, the oil is supplied through a plurality of oil supply ports arranged continuously in the conveying direction and is sequentially mixed with at least one kind of polyethylene in a plurality of related mixing zones, facilitating the mixing with at least one kind of polyethylene. In particular, a mixing zone related to the downstream side of each oil supply port is formed, and in this mixing zone, at least two processing element shafts each have at least one processing element having a ratio D a / D i having.

[0061] Furthermore, additives and / or fillers such as stabilizers, lubricants, titanium dioxide, or calcium carbonate can be mixed into the melt. The additives and / or fillers can be mixed with at least one kind of polyethylene to form a premix, and this premix can be supplied to a multi-screw machine, and / or can be supplied to a multi-screw machine separately from at least one kind of polyethylene. The additives and / or fillers can be supplied to the multi-screw machine as a premix and / or separately from the at least one kind of polyethylene supply port. For this purpose, the additives and / or fillers can be supplied, in particular, to a first preheating device, preferably a heating screw machine, whereby the additives and / or fillers are mixed with at least one kind of polyethylene to form a premix and are heated.

[0062] To manufacture the film, the manufactured molten material is extruded from an extrusion nozzle. The extrusion nozzle is preferably designed as a slot die, particularly a wide slot die. The manufactured film is then smoothed, stretched, and / or cooled in a conventional manner. Subsequently, oil present in the film is washed away in a solvent bath to form the desired pore structure in the film. This film is used, for example, in the manufacture of lithium-ion batteries and / or lithium-ion rechargeable batteries.

[0063] The method described in claim 18 ensures that a film for an electrical energy storage system can be manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. At least one type of polyethylene is heated and supplied at a temperature T P It has and / or at least a portion of the oil is heated to a temperature T when supplied. O Because of this, less mechanical energy is required to introduce at least one type of polyethylene or molten at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil by the multi-screw machine in order to produce a homogeneous molten product. As a result, the film is manufactured in a gentle and energy-efficient manner. Due to the low input of mechanical energy, at least one type of polyethylene and / or oil is not damaged and does not suffer thermal damage.

[0064] At least one type of polyethylene is heated by a first preheating device and supplied to a multi-screw machine by a first supply device. The first preheating device comprises, for example, a bulk material heat exchanger, a heated screw machine, a fluidized bed heater, a blower, a heating chamber, and / or a heating cabinet. The first supply device can be insulated and / or heated in particular so that the temperature of at least one type of polyethylene does not substantially decrease until it is supplied from the first preheating device to the multi-screw machine.

[0065] The oil is heated by a second preheating device and supplied to the multi - screw machine by a second supply device. The second preheating device particularly comprises a heat exchanger and / or an electric resistance heating element. The second supply device is particularly insulated and / or heated and / or cooled, whereby the oil has a desired temperature when supplied to the multi - screw machine.

[0066] Preferably, the temperature difference ΔT = T O - T P is such that 0 °C ≤ ΔT ≤ 80 °C, particularly 10 °C ≤ ΔT ≤ 70 °C, and particularly 20 °C ≤ ΔT ≤ 60 °C.

[0067] By the method according to claim 19, it is guaranteed that a film for an electric - energy storage system is produced in a simple, gentle, and energy - efficient way. At least two processing - element shafts are rotationally driven at a low rotational speed N. As a result, the mechanical - energy input into at least one polyethylene and / or the oil is reduced. Furthermore, due to the low rotational speed N, a low average shear rate γ is achieved. The shear rate γ depends on the ratio D a / D i and on the rotational speed N. The average shear rate γ can be calculated in a conventional manner. Preferably, the shear rate γ is 3·1 / s ≤ γ ≤ 33·1 / s, particularly 8·1 / s ≤ γ ≤ 28·1 / s, and particularly 13·1 / s ≤ γ ≤ 23·1 / s. The average residence time t V of at least one polyethylene in the multi - screw machine increases due to the low rotational speed N. This ensures sufficient mixing of the molten at least one polyethylene and the oil, forming a homogeneous melt.

[0068] By the method according to claim 20, it is guaranteed that a film for an electric - energy storage system is produced in a simple, gentle, and energy - efficient way. The residence time t V ensures that at least one polyethylene is melted and sufficiently mixed with the oil to form a homogeneous melt. The average residence time t VThis can be determined, for example, by adding a dye and measuring the time it takes for the dye to be discharged. (Residence time t) V This can be adjusted by the length L of at least two processing element shafts, the configuration of at least two processing element shafts, the processing amount, and / or the rotational speed N of at least two processing element shafts.

[0069] The throttle device is preferably located downstream of the multi-screw machine in the conveying direction. The throttle device controls the filling level of the multi-screw machine and / or the residence time t of at least one type of polyethylene and oil in the multi-screw machine. V It is used to adjust.

[0070] The method according to claim 21 ensures that films for electrical energy storage systems are manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. The method according to the present invention allows a multi-screw machine to operate at a low rotational speed N. This results in lower shear forces, ensures gentle processing, and allows for maximum utilization of installed power. The required driving force or motor output is small. Because the method according to the present invention is carried out at a low rotational speed N, the processing of at least one type of polyethylene and oil is gentle, and the required mechanical energy is minimal. As a result, the effectively used torque density, or the effectively used specific torque M, is low. d / a 3 It will decrease. d This specifically indicates the nominal drive torque.

[0071] The method described in claim 22 ensures that a film for an electrical energy storage system is manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. Grinding is carried out particularly by a grinding device. At least one polyethylene is formed as a bulk material, for example, as granules and / or powder. The particle size of the granules and / or powder and / or aggregates is reduced by grinding. The smaller the particle size of the at least one polyethylene, the easier it is to mix the at least one polyethylene with oil to form a homogeneous molten material. In particular, the at least one polyethylene can be melted or plasticized more easily and / or more quickly in a multi-screw machine. By reducing the particle size of the at least one polyethylene, the processing volume through the multi-screw machine can be increased and / or the machine size of the multi-screw machine can be reduced. The ground at least one polyethylene is preferably heated before being supplied to the multi-screw machine. A first preheating device is used particularly for heating.

[0072] The method described in claim 23 ensures that films for electrical energy storage systems are reliably manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. The molten material in the multi-screw machine is supplied at the temperature T of the oil. N It is cooled by this, thereby lowering the temperature of the molten material at the discharge port of the multi-screw machine. The supplied oil is preferably neither heated nor cooled. For cooling, an oil cooling device is used in particular. Temperature T O The heated oil is preferably supplied from at least one first oil supply port, and at a temperature T N The unheated oil is supplied to the multi-screw machine from at least one second oil supply port. The at least one second oil supply port is located downstream of at least one first oil supply port in the conveying direction.

[0073] The method according to claim 24 ensures that a film for an electrical energy storage system is manufactured in a simple, gentle, and energy-efficient manner. Mixing is carried out in particular by a grinding device. This grinding device is used not only to grind aggregates of at least one type of polyethylene, but also to mix at least one type of polyethylene with oil. Thus, the grinding device also functions as a mixer or blender. Before being supplied to a multi-screw machine, at least one type of polyethylene is mixed or pre-mixed, preferably at a rate of 0.1% to 10%, particularly 0.5% to 9%, and particularly 1% to 8%, based on the total mass of the supplied oil. The at least one type of polyethylene used for pre-mixing, and / or the oil used for pre-mixing, is preferably heated.

[0074] Further features, advantages, and details of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of several exemplary embodiments. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0075] [Figure 1] This is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of an apparatus for manufacturing a film for an electrical energy storage system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional top view of the apparatus shown. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view of the device, taken along the cross-sectional line III-III in Figure 2, passing through the multi-axis screw machine. [Figure 4] This is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of an apparatus for manufacturing a film for an electrical energy storage system according to a second embodiment, which is equipped with an oil cooling device. [Figure 5] This is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of an apparatus for manufacturing a film for an electrical energy storage system according to the third embodiment. [Figure 6] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the housing section of the multi-axis screw machine of the device shown. [Figure 7]This is a partial cross-sectional view of an apparatus for manufacturing a film for an electrical energy storage system according to a fourth embodiment, in which polyethylene is moistened with oil before being supplied to a multi-screw machine. [Figure 8] This is a partial cross-sectional view of an apparatus for manufacturing a film for an electrical energy storage system according to a fifth embodiment, in which polyethylene is moistened with oil before being supplied to a multi-screw machine. [Figure 9] This is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of an apparatus for manufacturing a film for an electrical energy storage system according to the sixth embodiment, in which the throttle device is located downstream of the multi-screw machine. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0076] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figures 1 to 3. Figures 1 to 3 show an apparatus 1 for manufacturing a film 2 for an electrical energy storage system. Apparatus 1 comprises a multi-screw machine 3, a first preheating device 4 for heating polyethylene 5, a first supply device 6 for supplying the heated polyethylene 5 to the multi-screw machine 3, a second preheating device 7 for heating oil 8, a second supply device 9 for supplying the heated oil 8 to the multi-screw machine 3, two screen devices 10 and 11, a melt pump 12, a discharge nozzle 13, and a control device 14. Apparatus 1 also comprises a crushing device 67 for crushing the polyethylene 5.

[0077] The multi-screw machine 3 comprises a housing 15 in which multiple housing sections 17-25 are arranged successively in the conveying direction 16 and connected to each other. A discharge plate 35 is attached to the last housing section 25, forming a discharge port 36. The discharge port 36 is used to discharge molten material 66 produced from polyethylene 5 and oil 8. The multi-screw machine 3 is designed as a twin-screw machine that rotates in the same direction. The housing 15 has two parallel housing holes 26, 27 that penetrate each other, and their cross-sections are in the shape of a sideways figure eight. The housing holes 26, 27 each have a diameter D. Two processing element shafts 28, 29 are arranged concentrically within the housing holes 26, 27 and are rotatable around corresponding rotation axes 30, 31. The processing element shafts 28, 29 have a length L in the conveying direction 16. This length L comprises the region of the processing element shafts 28, 29 in which the processing elements are located. To rotate the processing element shafts 28 and 29, the multi-axis screw machine 3 is equipped with a drive motor 32 and a power split transmission 34, with a coupling 33 positioned between them. The processing element shafts 28 and 29 are driven to rotate in the same direction, i.e., in the same rotational direction, around the rotation axes 30 and 31. The rotation axes 30 and 31 have an axial distance a.

[0078] The ratio of the length L of the processing element shafts 28 and 29 to the diameter D of the housing holes 26 and 27 is 30 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​85, especially 35 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​80, especially 40 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​75, especially 45 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​70, especially 50 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​65, and especially 55 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​60.

[0079] The multi-axis screw machine 3 has, in the conveying direction 16, a first supply zone 37, a first mixing zone 38, a second supply zone 39, a second mixing zone 40, a third supply zone 41, a third mixing zone 42, and a pressure increase zone 43 in that order.

[0080] In the first supply zone 37, the housing section 17 has a polyethylene supply port Z P A polyethylene supply port Z is formed, PThe openings are in the housing holes 26 and 27. The powdered polyethylene 5 is supplied through the polyethylene supply port Z P It is supplied through to housing holes 26 and 27 of the multi-axis screw machine 3.

[0081] The grinding device 67 is used to grind powdered polyethylene 5. The powdered polyethylene has powder particles that form aggregates and / or have undesirably large particle sizes. The grinding device 67 is used to break up or grind any aggregates and / or grind powder particles that have undesirably large particle sizes. The grinding device 67 comprises a housing 68 in which at least one grinding element 69 is arranged. At least one grinding element 69 is rotationally driven by a drive device, in particular relative to the housing 68. The grinding device 67 is located upstream of the first preheating device 4.

[0082] The first preheating device 4 heats the crushed powdered polyethylene 5 and the polyethylene supply port Z P From multi-axis screw machine 3 to temperature T P It is used to supply the polyethylene 5. The first preheating device 4 comprises, for example, a bulk material heat exchanger and / or a heating screw machine. The first preheating device 4 opens to a first feeding device 6 used for weighing and supplying heated powdered polyethylene 5. The first feeding device 6 comprises, for example, a gravimetric feeder. The first feeding device 6 has a polyethylene supply port Z P It is open to the side.

[0083] In the first supply zone 37, three first oil supply ports are formed in the housing portion 18, and these are individually connected to Z O11 , Z O12 , Z O13 It is written as and collectively Z O1 It is written as follows. Similarly, in the second supply zone 39, three second oil supply ports are formed in the housing section 20, and these are individually Z O21 , Z O22 , Z O23 It is written as and collectively Z O2It is written as follows. Furthermore, correspondingly, the third supply zone 41 has three third oil supply ports formed in the housing section 22, and these are individually Z O31 , Z O32 , Z O33 It is written as such, and collectively referred to as Z O3 It is written as: Oil supply port Z O1 , Z O2 , Z O3 The arrangement will be explained in detail below.

[0084] The second preheating device 7 is used to preheat the oil 8, and the oil 8 is supplied through the oil supply port Z O1 , Z O2 , Z O3 Temperature T passes through housing holes 26 and 27 of the multi-axis screw machine 3. O The oil is supplied by the second preheating device 7, which includes, for example, a heat exchanger or an electric resistance cartridge heater. The second preheating device 7 is connected to the second supply device 9, which supplies the heated oil 8 to the oil supply port Z O1 , Z O2 , and Z O3 It serves to supply to the housing holes 26 and 27 via the second supply device 9. The second supply device 9 includes a distribution line 44 that connects the second preheating device 7 to the metering pumps 45, 46, and 47. The first metering pump 45 is supplied to the first oil supply port Z via the distribution line 48. O11 , Z O12 , Z O13 It is connected to the second oil supply port Z via the distribution line 49. O21 , Z O22 and Z O23 The third metering pump 47 is connected to the third oil supply port Z via the distribution pipe 49. O31 , Z O32 and Z O33 Connected.

[0085] Second oil supply port Z O2 In the transport direction 16, the first oil supply port Z O1 Located downstream of the first oil supply port Z in the transport direction 16 O1 Distance L AIt has the same. Similarly, the third oil supply port Z O3 In the transport direction 16, the second oil supply port Z O2 It is positioned downstream of it, at a distance L from it. A It has distance L A They may be the same or different. In particular, 5 ≤ L A / D≦45, especially 10≦L A / D≦40, especially 15≦L A / D≦35, especially 20≦L A / D ≤ 30.

[0086] The housing holes 26, 27, or the inner wall of the housing 15 defining the housing holes 26, 27, have a horizontal figure-eight shaped circumferential contour U. The circumferential contour U has a first upper region S between the rotation axes 30, 31. O and the second lower region S U These regions S are defined. O and S U This is also called the transition region or through region of housing holes 26 and 27. Region S O and S U On its side, the circumferential contour U is in the first lateral region S L and second lateral region S R Define the area.

[0087] Oil supply port Z O11 This is the upper region S O Formed in the oil supply port Z O12 is the first lateral region S L It is formed in and the oil supply port Z O13 This is the second lateral region S R It is formed as follows: Oil supply port Z O11 , Z O12 , Z O13 These are thus dispersed along the circumferential contour U and positioned at three different locations, and can open into housing holes 26 and 27 at three different locations along the circumferential contour U. This is shown in Figures 2 and 3. Oil supply port Z O11 , Z O12 , Z O13 For example, they are offset from each other by 90°. Oil supply port Z of housing section 20 O21 , ZO22 , Z O23 and the oil supply port Z of the housing portion 22 O31 , Z O32 , Z O33 The same applies to this as well. For the difference in the number of meters between the different locations of the oil supply port, m = 3.

[0088] The processing element shafts 28 and 29 include conveying elements 53 and 53' for the first supply zone 37, kneading elements 54 and 54' for the first mixing zone 38, conveying elements 55 and 55' for the second supply zone 39, kneading elements 56 and 56' for the second mixing zone, conveying elements 57 and 57' for the third supply zone 41, kneading elements 58 and 58' and mixing elements 59 and 59' for the third mixing zone 42, and conveying elements 60 and 60' for the pressure rise zone 43. The kneading elements 54, 54', 56, 56', 58 and 58' are formed, for example, as individual kneading discs and / or as at least one kneading block having a plurality of kneading discs integrally connected to one another. The conveying elements 53, 53', 55, 55', 57, 57', 60, 60', the kneading elements 54, 54', 56, 56', 58, 58', and the mixing elements 59, 59' are collectively referred to as processing elements.

[0089] The processing element shafts 28 and 29 have profile shafts 51 and 52, to which processing elements 53, 53'~60, 60' are sequentially attached in the conveying direction 16. The conveying elements 53, 55, 57, 60, the kneading elements 54, 56, 58, and the mixing element 59 are arranged on shaft 51 and constitute part of the processing element shaft 28. On the other hand, the conveying elements 53', 55', 57', 60', the kneading elements 54', 56', 58', and the mixing element 59' are arranged on shaft 52 and constitute part of the processing element shaft 29. The processing element shafts 28 and 29 are designed to interlock tightly with each other. Processing elements that have corresponding signs differing only by a single apostrophe are arranged adjacent to each other and interlock tightly with each other. This is illustrated in the example of kneading elements 54 and 54' in Figure 3.

[0090] Processing elements 53, 53' to 60, 60' are designed as double-flight units. This means that processing elements 53, 53' to 60, 60' have a first flight K1 and a second flight K2 on opposite sides of the rotation axis 30 or 31, respectively. Therefore, the number of flights k is k=2. Alternatively, processing elements 53, 53' to 60, 60' can have different starting numbers or number of flights k. In particular, the starting number or number of flights k of mixing elements 59, 59' can be different from the number of flights k of conveying elements 53, 53', 55, 55', 57, 57', 60, 60' and / or kneading elements 54, 54', 56, 56', 58, 58'.

[0091] The processing element shafts 28, 29, or their respective processing elements 53, 53'~60, 60', have an outer diameter D a and core diameter D i It has. For processing elements 53, 53'~60, 60', 1.4≦D a / D i ≤2.3, especially 1.5 ≤D a / D i ≤2.2, especially 1.56 ≤D a / D i ≤2.15, especially 1.6 ≤D a / D i ≤2.1, especially 1.7 ≤D a / D i ≤2.0, especially 1.8 ≤D a / D i The ratio D according to the present invention is ≤ 1.9. a / D i Processing elements 53, 53' to 60, 60' having a cumulative length L M This defines L M Regarding the / L ratio, in particular, 0.3 ≤ L M / L ≤ 1, especially 0.4 ≤ L M / L ≤ 0.9, and especially 0.5 ≤ L M / L ≤ 0.8. In this embodiment, all processing elements 53, 53' to 60, 60' are D according to the present invention. a / D i Since it has L M / L=1.

[0092] The circumferential contour U of the housing holes 26 and 27 defines the cross-sectional area A. The housing 15 and the processing element shafts 28 and 29, or the processing elements 53, 53' to 60, 60' have a free cross-sectional area A between them. F Define the free cross-sectional area A. F This is shown in Figure 3. In particular, ratio A F Regarding / A, in particular, 0.3≦A F / A ≤ 0.65, especially 0.35 ≤ A F / A ≤ 0.6, especially 0.4 ≤ A F / A ≤ 0.55, especially 0.45 ≤ A F / A ≤ 0.5.

[0093] The multi-screw machine 3 is equipped with a heating device 61. The heating device 61 is used to heat the housing 15 in the heating area. The heating area has a length L in the conveying direction 16. H The heating device 61 is attached to the housing sections 17-22 and comprises a plurality of heating elements 62 that form a heating region. The heating device 61 is, for example, electric.

[0094] Furthermore, the multi-screw machine 3 is equipped with a cooling device 63 for cooling the molten polyethylene 5 and oil 8 or molten material 66. The cooling device 63 forms a cooling area. The cooling area has a length L in the conveying direction 16. K The cooling device 63 is formed in the housing portions 23-25 ​​and includes a cooling channel 64 that forms a cooling area. The cooling channel 64 is connected to a cooling unit 65, which transports cooling fluid through the cooling channel 64. The polyethylene 5 and oil 8 or molten material 66 located in the housing holes 26 and 27 are cooled by the cooling fluid.

[0095] Ratio L H / L K Regarding this, in particular, 0.5 ≤ L H / L K ≤3, especially 0.75 ≤L H / L K ≤2.5, and especially 1 ≤L H / L K The limit is 2.

[0096] The first screen device 10 is located downstream of the multi-screw machine 3 in the conveying direction 16. The first screen device 10 is designed as a coarser screen device compared to the second screen device 11. The melt pump 12 is located downstream of the first screen device 10, or between the first screen device 10 and the second screen device 11, in the conveying direction 16. Compared to the first screen device 10, the second screen device 11 is designed as a finer screen device. The coarser screen device is designed, for example, as a breaker plate. The finer screen device is designed, for example, as a disc filter or a candle filter. The screen devices 10 and 11 can be designed as screen replacement devices.

[0097] The melt pump 12 is used to increase the pressure and transport the molten material 66 through the second screen device 11. The second screen device 11 is located downstream of the melt pump 12 in the transport direction 16. The melt pump 12 is designed, for example, as a gear pump.

[0098] The discharge nozzle 13 is located downstream of the second screen device 11 in the conveying direction 16. The discharge nozzle 13 is used to produce film 2 from a molten material 66 generated by the multi-screw machine 3 from polyethylene 5 and oil 8. To produce film 2, the discharge nozzle 13 is designed as a slot die.

[0099] The control device 14 is used to control the multi-screw machine 3, the grinding device 67, the first preheating device 4, the first feeder 6, the second preheating device 7, the second feeder 9, the screen devices 10 and 11, and the melt pump 12. In particular, the control device 14 is signal-connected to the drive motor 32, the preheating devices 4 and 7, the first feeder 6, the second feeder 9's metering pumps 45, 46, and 47, the screen devices 10 and 11, and the melt pump 12.

[0100] The operating modes of the apparatus 1 and the method of using it to manufacture the film 2 for the electrical energy storage system are described below.

[0101] The powdered polyethylene 5 is first crushed by a crushing device 67. Any aggregates are broken or crushed, and / or powder particles that are undesirably large in size are crushed.

[0102] The crushed powdered polyethylene 5 is preheated by the first preheating device 4 and supplied to the polyethylene supply port Z by the first supply device 6. P It is supplied to the housing holes 26 and 27 of the multi-spindle screw machine 3 via [a certain method]. The heated polyethylene 5 is supplied at a temperature T [a certain temperature]. P It has, in particular, 20℃≦T P ≤120℃, especially 40℃ ≤T P ≤100℃, and especially 60℃ ≤T P The temperature is ≤80℃.

[0103] The oil 8 is heated by the second preheating device 7 and supplied to the oil supply port Z by the second supply device 9. O1 , Z O2 , and Z O3 It is supplied into housing holes 26 and 27 through the oil 8 when supplied at temperature T O It has, in particular, 30℃≦T O ≤110℃, especially 40℃ ≤T O ≤100℃, especially 50℃ ≤T O ≤90℃, especially 60℃ ≤T O ≤80℃, for example, 80℃ ≤ T O The temperature is ≤100℃.

[0104] Temperature difference ΔT=T O -T P In this case, the values ​​are particularly 0℃≦ΔT≦80℃, particularly 10℃≦ΔT≦70℃, and particularly 20℃≦ΔT≦60℃.

[0105] In the first supply zone 37, the first portion of the oil 8 is supplied to the supply port Z O11 , Z O12 , Z O13The polyethylene 5 is supplied to the housing holes 26 and 27 from different sides via the kneading elements 54 and 54', and is moistened with oil 8 from different sides. In the first supply zone 37, the powdered polyethylene 5 and oil 8 are transported to the first mixing zone 38. The powdered polyethylene 5 and oil 8 are mixed at least partially. In the first mixing zone 38, the powdered polyethylene 5 is at least partially melted and further mixed with oil 8. For this purpose, mechanical energy is imparted to the polyethylene 5 and oil 8 by the kneading elements 54 and 54'.

[0106] The processing element shafts 28 and 29 are rotationally driven by the drive motor 32 and the power split transmission 34 at rotational speed N and torque Md, respectively. The rotational speed N is particularly limited to 20 rpm ≤ N ≤ 140 rpm, 40 rpm ≤ N ≤ 120 rpm, and 60 rpm ≤ N ≤ 100 rpm. The torque Md is also limited to 20 rpm ≤ N ≤ 140 rpm, 40 rpm ≤ N ≤ 120 rpm, and 60 rpm ≤ N ≤ 100 rpm. d / a 3 Regarding this, in particular, 1 Nm / cm 3 ≦M d / a 3 ≤13 Nm / cm 3 , especially 3 Nm / cm 3 ≦M d / a 3 ≤11 Nm / cm 3 , and especially 5 Nm / cm 3 ≦M d / a 3 ≤9 Nm / cm 3 That is the case.

[0107] In the second supply zone 39, the second portion of the oil 8 is supplied to the supply port Z O21 , Z O22 , Z O23 The polyethylene 5 is supplied to the housing holes 26 and 27 from different sides via the oil 8, and is moistened with oil 8 from different sides. In the second mixing zone 40, the polyethylene 5, which is not yet molten, is melted by the input of mechanical energy by the kneading elements 56 and 56', and the oil 8, in particular the oil 8 supplied in the second supply zone, is mixed with the molten polyethylene 5.

[0108] In the third supply zone 41, the third portion of the oil 8 is supplied to the supply port Z O31 , Z O32 , Z O33 The polyethylene 5 is supplied to the housing holes 26 and 27 from different sides via the oil 8, and is moistened with the oil 8 from different sides. In the third mixing zone 42, the molten polyethylene 5 or polyethylene molten material is further mixed with the oil 8, and especially the oil 8 supplied in the third supply zone 41, by the kneading elements 58, 58' and mixing elements 59, 59' to form a homogeneous molten material 66.

[0109] In the first supply zone 37, the first mixing zone 38, the second supply zone 39, the second mixing zone 40, and the third supply zone 41, the housing 15 is heated in a heating area by a heating device 61, and thermal energy is supplied to the polyethylene 5 and the supplied oil 8 through the housing 15. As a result, the mechanical energy supplied to the polyethylene 5 and oil 8 by the processing element shafts 28 and 29 is reduced, and the processing becomes gentler.

[0110] In the third mixing zone 42 and the pressure rise zone 43, the generated molten material 66 is cooled by a cooling device 63. The cooling device 63 transports a cooling fluid through a cooling channel 64 to remove thermal energy from the molten material 66. A cooling unit 65 dissipates the thermal energy from the cooling fluid. By cooling the molten material 66, thermal damage is prevented. In particular, by lowering the temperature of the molten material 66, the processing capacity (throughput) can be improved.

[0111] Ratio D a / D i As a result, the multi-screw machine 3 has a relatively large free cross-sectional area A FThe housing holes 26 and 27 therefore have a relatively large free volume. As a result, the polyethylene 5 and oil 8 are subjected to low shear forces, especially low shear forces and / or low shear rates γ, so that when the polyethylene 5 and oil 8 are thoroughly mixed, the mechanical energy introduced into the multi-screw machine 3 is low. As a result, the polyethylene 5 and oil 8, or the molten material 66 produced from them, do not suffer thermal degradation or significant damage. Due to the length L of the processing element shafts 28 and 29, the residence time t of the polyethylene 5 in the multi-screw machine 3 is limited. V This tends to be relatively long, especially the residence time t. V For this, 60 seconds ≤ t V ≤540 seconds, especially ≤120 seconds. V ≤480 seconds, and especially ≤180 seconds ≤t V The interval is ≤420 seconds. Low rotational speed N and ratio D a / D i , and the large free cross-sectional area A that results from this F Alternatively, a large free volume ensures a low shear rate γ. This reduces the thermal load on the polyethylene 5 and oil 8 due to mechanical energy input.

[0112] Polyethylene 5 at temperature T P The oil 8 is supplied to the multi-screw machine 3 at temperature T O The fact that it is supplied to the multi-screw machine 3 reduces the amount of mechanical energy input required for the multi-screw machine 3. By supplying oil 8 at different positions along the circumferential contour U of the housing holes 26, 27, the polyethylene 5 can be wetted from different sides, facilitating the production of a homogeneous molten material 66. In the molten material 66, the oil 8 is finely dispersed in the molten polyethylene 5 or polyethylene molten material.

[0113] The molten material 66 contains 15% to 50% by volume of polyethylene 5 and 50% to 85% by volume of oil 8, and more particularly 20% to 35% by volume of polyethylene and 65% to 80% by volume of oil. The first portion of oil 8 is particularly 40% to 80%, particularly 55% to 75%, while the subsequently supplied portion of oil 8 is 20% to 60%, particularly 25% to 45%. Fillers and / or additives not considered in the aforementioned volume proportions may be mixed into the molten material 66.

[0114] In the pressure rise zone 43, the pressure within the molten material 66 increases, and the molten material 66 is transported through the first screen device 10. In the first screen device 10, any aggregates present in the molten material 66 are captured and / or crushed so as to protect the melt pump 12. The molten material 66 is then transported by the melt pump 12 through the second screen device 11, where it is washed or filtered and the aggregates are broken up. For this purpose, the second screen device 11 is designed as a fine screen device, while the first screen device 10 is designed as a coarse screen device.

[0115] Subsequently, the cleaned molten material 66 is discharged from the discharge nozzle 13, thus producing the film 2. The film 2 is then smoothed, cooled, and / or stretched in a conventional manner. The film 2 is then passed through a solvent bath to remove the finely dispersed oil 8 present in the film 2, exposing the pore structure formed in the polyethylene 5. The film 2 functions as a so-called separator film and is used in the manufacture of electrical energy storage systems such as lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion rechargeable batteries.

[0116] A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figure 4. Unlike the first embodiment, the second supply device 9 is only partially connected to the second preheating device 7. Similar to the first embodiment, the heated oil 8 is supplied to the first oil supply port Z via the distribution line 44, the first metering pump 45, and the distribution line 48. O11 , Z O12 and Z O13It is supplied to the second oil supply port Z via the distribution pipeline 44, the second metering pump 46, and the distribution pipeline 49. O21 , Z O22 and Z O23 It is supplied to the oil. In contrast, the oil 8 is supplied to the oil cooling device 71 via the supply line 70, where it is cooled. The unheated or cooled oil 8 is supplied to the third oil supply port Z via the distribution line 44', the third metering pump 47 and the distribution line 50. O31 , Z O32 and Z O33 The oil is supplied to the third supply zone 41. The oil cooling device 71 and the distribution line 44' branch off from the supply line 70 upstream of the second preheating device 7, and as a result, the distribution line 44' bypasses the second preheating device 7. In contrast to the first embodiment, no heating element is located in the third supply zone 41. Unheated or cooled oil 8 is supplied to the third oil supply port Z O31 , Z O32 and Z O33 The molten material 66 is cooled by being supplied through the housing holes 26 and 27. The temperature of the unheated or cooled oil 8 is T N For example, temperatures below 60°C, especially below 40°C. Specifically, 5°C ≤ T N ≤40℃, especially 10℃ ≤T N ≤35℃, especially 15℃ ≤T N The temperature is ≤30℃. For further configurations and operating modes of apparatus 1, please refer to the description of the previous embodiment.

[0117] A third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figures 5 and 6. Unlike the previous embodiment, each of the housing sections 18 to 25 comprises a housing jacket 72 and a corresponding sleeve 73 disposed within the housing jacket 72. Each sleeve 73 divides the housing holes 26 and 27 into sections. The housing sections 18 to 25 are similarly designed, and in contrast to the housing sections 19, 21 and 23 to 25, the housing sections 18, 20 and 22 have an oil supply port Z O1 , Z O2 and Z O3 It also has the following features.

[0118] The housing section 18 will be described in detail below with reference to Figure 6. The housing jacket 72 and sleeve 73 form a first fluid passage 74 and a second fluid passage 75 to each other. The fluid passages 74 and 75 are arranged alternately in the transport direction 16. The fluid passages 74 and 75 extend spirally around the housing holes 26 and 27 and the processing element shafts 28 and 29 located therein.

[0119] The fluid channels 74 and 75 have a maximum channel width or maximum diameter D. F The adjacent turns of the fluid passages 74 and 75 are at a distance A from each other in the transport direction 16. W It has a maximum flow path width or maximum diameter D. F Regarding this, in particular, 5mm≦D F ≤40mm, especially 7mm ≤D F ≤30mm, especially 9mm ≤D F It is ≤20mm. Furthermore, ratio A W / D F Preferably, 0.5 ≤ A W / D F ≤3.5, especially 1 ≤A W / D F ≤3, and especially 1.5 ≤A W / D F The value is ≤2.5. The fluid channels 74 and 75 as a whole have, for example, a number of turns W, where 4 ≤ W ≤ 40, especially 8 ≤ W ≤ 30, and especially 12 ≤ W ≤ 20.

[0120] The sleeve 73 has a higher thermal conductivity λ than the housing jacket 72. The thermal conductivity λ of the sleeve 73 is particularly 20 W / (m·K) ≤ λ ≤ 60 W / (m·K), particularly 28 W / (m·K) ≤ λ ≤ 52 W / (m·K), and particularly 30 W / (m·K) ≤ λ ≤ 45 W / (m·K).

[0121] A spiral first groove 76 is formed in the outer wall of the sleeve 73 to form a first fluid passage 74. Similarly, a spiral second groove 77 is formed in the outer wall of the sleeve 73 to form a second fluid passage 75. To supply fluid F to the first fluid passage 74, a first supply port 78 and a first discharge port 79 are formed in the housing jacket 72, opening to the first fluid passage 74 at opposing ends. Accordingly, to supply fluid F to the second fluid passage 75, a second supply port 80 and a second discharge port 81 are formed in the housing jacket 72, opening to the second fluid passage 75 at opposing ends.

[0122] The housing sections 18-22 serve to heat the polyethylene 5 and oil 8 present in the housing holes 26 and 27. To heat each housing section 18-22 individually, the heating device 61 includes a heating unit 82 for each housing section 18-22. Figure 5 shows only one heating unit 82 as an example. Each heating unit 82 is connected to supply ports 78 and 80 via a supply line 83 and to discharge ports 79 and 81 via a discharge line 84. The housing sections 18-22 can be heated individually by the temperature of the fluid F heated by each heating unit 82.

[0123] Housing sections 23-25 ​​are used for cooling. To cool each housing section 23-25 ​​individually, the cooling device 63 is provided with a cooling unit 65 for each housing section 23-25. Figure 5 shows only one cooling unit 65 as an example. Each cooling unit 65 is connected to supply ports 78, 80 via supply line 85 and to discharge ports 79, 81 via discharge line 86. Each fluid F is cooled individually to a predetermined temperature by the cooling unit 65, thereby individually cooling the housing sections 23-25 ​​through which each cooled fluid flows. For further design and operating modes of the device 1, please refer to the description of the above embodiments.

[0124] A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figure 7. Unlike the previous embodiment, a portion of the heated oil 8 is mixed with polyethylene 5 in the crushing device 67, and the polyethylene 5 is moistened with oil 8. The housing 68 of the crushing device 67 has a polyethylene supply port 87 and an oil supply port 88. The first preheating device 4 is connected to the polyethylene supply port 87 and heated polyethylene 5 is supplied to the crushing device 67. The oil supply port 88 is connected to the second preheating device 7 via a fourth metering pump 89. The crushing element 69 is located in the housing 68 and can be rotated by a drive device 90 around a rotation axis 91. The rotating crushing element 69 crushes aggregates formed by polyethylene 5 on the one hand and mixes the polyethylene 5 with the supplied oil 8 on the other hand. In this way, the crushing device 67 also functions as a mixing device or mixer. The polyethylene 5 moistened with oil 8 is supplied to the multi-screw machine 3 by the first supply device 6. Moistening the polyethylene 5 improves the supply behavior of the multi-screw machine 3. The pre-moistened polyethylene 5 can be more easily mixed with the oil 8 supplied to the multi-screw machine 3. By crushing and moistening the polyethylene 5, agglomerates that are not thoroughly moistened are avoided within the multi-screw machine 3, thereby improving the quality of the molten material 66. For further design and operating modes of the apparatus 1, please refer to the description of the above embodiments.

[0125] A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figure 8. Unlike the previous embodiments, the crushing device 67 is located between the first supply device 6 and the multi-screw machine 3. Therefore, the first supply device 6 is located between the first preheating device 4 and the crushing device 67. Polyethylene 5 is heated by the first preheating device 4 and supplied directly to the first supply device 6. Thus, the first supply device 6 is connected to the polyethylene supply port 87 of the crushing device 67. The heated polyethylene 5 passes from the first supply device 6 through the polyethylene supply port 87 to the crushing device 67. As in the previously described embodiments, a portion of the heated oil 8 is supplied to the crushing device 67 through the oil supply port 88. In the crushing device 67, the heated polyethylene 5 and heated oil 8 are mixed in the manner described above, and the aggregates formed by the polyethylene 5 are crushed. The crushing device 67 is directly connected to the multi-screw machine 3. Therefore, the crushing device 67 is connected to the polyethylene supply port Z P It opens directly to the oil. Since the crushing device 67 is positioned between the first feeder 6 and the multi-screw machine 3, only the crushing device 67 is exposed to the oil 8, while the first feeder 6 is not. For further design and operating modes of the apparatus 1, please refer to the description of the above embodiments.

[0126] A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figure 9. Unlike the preceding embodiments, the apparatus 1 includes a throttle device 92 located downstream of the multi-screw machine 3 in the conveying direction 16. The throttle device 92 includes a housing 93 in which a through passage 94 is formed. A throttle body 95 is located within the through passage 94 and is rotationally driven around a rotation axis 97 by a drive device 96. The free cross-sectional area of ​​the through passage 94 can be adjusted according to the rotational position of the throttle body 95 around the rotation axis 97. As a result, the filling level of the multi-screw machine 3 and / or the residence time t of polyethylene 5 and oil 8 within the multi-screw machine 3 can be adjusted. V This allows for adjustment, improving the mixing and homogenization of polyethylene 5 and oil 8. For further design and operating modes of the apparatus 1, please refer to the description of the previous embodiment.

[0127] The scope disclosed in the specification and claims should be understood to also disclose any combination of lower and upper limits. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0128] 1 device 2 films 3. Multi-screw machine 4. First preheating device 5 Polyethylene 6 1st supply device 7. Second preheating device 8 Oil 9 Second supply device 10. First Screen Device 11. Second Screen Device 12 Melt pump 13 Discharge nozzle 14 Control device 15 Housing 16 Conveying direction 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 Housing section 26, 27 Housing holes 28, 29 Processing element shaft 30, 31, 91, 97 Rotation axis 32 Drive motor 33 Coupling 34 Power Split Transmission 35 Discharge Plate 36, 79, 81 outlet 37. Supply Zone 1 38. First Mixed Zone 39 Second Supply Zone 40. Second Mixed Zone 41 Third Supply Zone 42. Third Mixed Zone 43 Pressure Increase Zone 44, 44', 48, 49, 50 branch pipe line 45. First metering pump 46. ​​Second metering pump 47. Third Metering Pump 51, 52 Profile Shaft 53, 53', 54, 54', 55, 55', 56, 56', 57, 57', 58, 58', 59, 59', 60, 60' Processing elements 61 Heating device 62 Heating element 63 Cooling device 64 Cooling channel 65 Cooling Unit 66 Molten material 67. Grinding device 68 Housing 69 Crushing elements 70 supply lines 71 Oil cooling system 72 Housing Jacket 73 sleeves 74, 75 Fluid flow path 76 First groove 77 Second groove 78, 80 supply ports 82 Heating Unit 83, 85 supply lines 84, 86 Discharge lines 87 Polyethylene supply port 88 Oil supply port 89. Fourth Metering Pump 90, 96 Drive unit 92 Throttle device 93 Housing 94 Throughway 95 Throttle Body A F free cross-sectional area S L 1st lateral area S O 1st upper area S R 2nd lateral area S U 2nd lower area U-shaped circumferential contour W Turns Z O1 , Z O11 , Z O12 , Z O13 , Z O2 , Z O21 , ZO22 , Z O23 , Z O3 , Z O31 , Z O32 , Z O33 Oil supply port Z P Polyethylene supply port

Claims

1. An apparatus for manufacturing films for electrical energy storage systems, The system comprises a multi-screw machine (3) for producing a molten product (66) from at least one type of polyethylene (5) and oil (8), The aforementioned multi-screw machine (3) is Housing (15), At least two housing holes (26, 27) formed in the housing (15) that penetrate each other, To supply the at least one polyethylene (5) and the oil (8), at least one supply port (Z Ｐ , Z Ｏ１１ , Z Ｏ１２ , Z Ｏ１３ , Z Ｏ２１ , Z Ｏ２２ , Z Ｏ２３ , Z Ｏ３１ , Z Ｏ３２ , Z Ｏ３３ ), and The system has at least two processing element shafts (28, 29) for mixing the at least one type of polyethylene (5) and the oil (8), The at least two processing element shafts (28, 29) are rotatably positioned in each of the at least two housing holes (26, 27), and Each has multiple processing elements (53, 53' to 60, 60'), The aforementioned plurality of processing elements (53, 53' to 60, 60') each have an outer diameter D ａ and core diameter D ｉ It has, and for at least one processing element (53, 53' to 60, 60') for each processing element shaft (28, 29), D ａ / D ｉ An apparatus characterized by having a value ≥ 1.

4.

2. For at least one processing element (53, 53' to 60, 60') in each processing element shaft (28, 29), 1.6 ≤ D ａ / D ｉ ≤2.1, especially 1.7 ≤D ａ / D ｉ ≤2.0, especially 1.8 ≤D ａ / D ｉ The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that ≤ 1.

9.

3. The at least two processing element shafts (28, 29) have a length L, and the at least two housing holes (26, 27) have a diameter D. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ratio of the length L to the diameter D is 30 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​85, particularly 35 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​80, particularly 40 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​75, particularly 45 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​70, particularly 50 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​65, and particularly 55 ≤ L / D ≤ ​​60.

4. The at least two processing element shafts (28, 29) have a length L and each has a plurality of processing elements (53, 53' to 60, 60'), The aforementioned plurality of processing elements (53, 53' to 60, 60') have a ratio D ａ / D ｉ Each has such that, where 1.6 ≤ D ａ / D ｉ ≤2.1, especially 1.7 ≤D ａ / D ｉ ≤2.0, especially 1.8 ≤D ａ / D ｉ The fact that ≤ 1.9, and The aforementioned plurality of processing elements (53, 53' to 60, 60') have a cumulative length L Ｍ It has such that 0.3 ≤ L Ｍ / L ≤ 1, especially 0.4 ≤ L Ｍ / L ≤ 0.9, especially 0.5 ≤ L Ｍ The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein / L ≤ 0.

8.

5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each processing element shaft (28, 29) has at least one processing element (53, 53' to 60, 60') configured as a single-fly to triple-fly, and more particularly as a double-fly.

6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising a first preheating device (4) for heating at least one type of polyethylene (5).

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising a second preheating device (7) for heating at least a portion of the oil (8).

8. The multi-screw machine (3) has at least one supply port (Z) for supplying at least one type of polyethylene (5). Ｐ ) and at least one supply port (Z) for supplying the oil (8) Ｏ１１ Z Ｏ１２ Z Ｏ１３ Z Ｏ２１ Z Ｏ２２ Z Ｏ２３ Z Ｏ３１ Z Ｏ３２ Z Ｏ３３ The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following:

9. The multi-screw machine (3) has a plurality of supply ports (Z) for supplying the oil (8). Ｏ１１ Z Ｏ１２ Z Ｏ１３ Z Ｏ２１ Z Ｏ２２ Z Ｏ２３ Z Ｏ３１ Z Ｏ３２ Z Ｏ３３ ) are provided, and these supply ports are arranged in order in the transport direction (16) of the multi-screw machine (3), Two consecutive supply ports (Z) relative to the diameter D of the at least two housing holes (26, 27) Ｏ１１ Z Ｏ１２ Z Ｏ１３ Z Ｏ２１ Z Ｏ２２ Z Ｏ２３ Z Ｏ３１ Z Ｏ３２ Z Ｏ３３ ) Distance L Ａ In particular, 5 ≤ L Ａ / D ≤ 45, especially 10 ≤ L Ａ / D ≤ 40, especially 15 ≤ L Ａ / D ≤ 35, and especially 20 ≤ L Ａ The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that / D ≤ 30.

10. The multi-screw machine (3) has a plurality of supply ports (Z) for supplying the oil (8). Ｏ１１ Z Ｏ１２ Z Ｏ１３ Z Ｏ２１ Z Ｏ２２ Z Ｏ２３ Z Ｏ３１ Z Ｏ３２ Z Ｏ３３ ) and the plurality of supply ports are located at different positions (S) along the circumferential contour (U) of the at least two housing holes (26, 27). Ｏ S Ｌ S Ｒ The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is open into at least two housing holes (26, 27) in the above.

11. The at least two housing holes (26, 27) have a cross-sectional area A, and the housing (15) and the processing elements (53, 53' to 60, 60') of the at least two processing element shafts (28, 29) have a free cross-sectional area A Ｆ Define the boundary, where 0.3 ≤ A Ｆ / A ≤ 0.65, especially 0.35 ≤ A Ｆ / A ≤ 0.6, especially 0.4 ≤ A Ｆ / A ≤ 0.55, and especially 0.45 ≤ A Ｆ The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that / A ≤ 0.

5.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by comprising a grinding device (67) for grinding at least one type of polyethylene (5).

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the crushing device (67) comprises a polyethylene supply port (87) for supplying at least one type of polyethylene (5) and an oil supply port (88) for supplying a portion of the oil (8).

14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by comprising an oil cooling device (71) for cooling at least a portion of the oil (8).

15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the housing (15) comprises at least one housing portion (18 to 25) having a housing jacket (72) and a sleeve (73), and the housing jacket (72) and the sleeve (73) define at least one helical fluid passage (74, 75).

16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it comprises a throttle device (92) located downstream in the conveying direction (16) of the multi-axis screw machine (3).

17. A method for manufacturing a film for electrical energy storage systems, The steps of providing a multi-screw machine (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, The step of supplying at least one type of polyethylene (5) and oil (8) to the at least two housing holes (26, 27) through the at least one supply port (Z Ｐ , Z Ｏ１１ , Z Ｏ１２ , Z Ｏ１３ , Z Ｏ２１ , Z Ｏ２２ , Z Ｏ２３ , Z Ｏ３１ , Z Ｏ３２ , Z Ｏ３３ ); The steps include: producing a molten product (66) from at least one type of polyethylene (5) and oil (8) using the multi-screw machine (3); A method comprising the step of manufacturing a film (2) from the manufactured molten material (66).

18. The aforementioned at least one type of polyethylene (5) is heated and supplied at a temperature T Ｐ It has such that 20°C ≤ T Ｐ ≤120°C, especially 40°C ≤T Ｐ ≤100℃, especially 60℃ ≤T Ｐ The temperature must be ≤80°C, and / or At least a part of the oil (8) is heated and has a temperature T when supplied, where 30°C ≤ T Ｏ ≤ 110°C, particularly 40°C ≤ T Ｏ ≤ 100°C, particularly 50°C ≤ T Ｏ ≤ 90°C, and particularly 60°C ≤ T Ｏ ≤ 80°C, and the method according to claim 17, characterized in that it is so.​​

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the at least two processing element shafts (28, 29) are rotationally driven at a rotational speed N, where 20 rpm ≤ N ≤ 140 rpm, in particular 40 rpm ≤ N ≤ 120 rpm, and in particular 60 rpm ≤ N ≤ 100 rpm.

20. The above-mentioned at least one type of polyethylene (5) has an average residence time t in the multi-screw machine (3). Ｖ The expression has such that 60 seconds ≤ t Ｖ ≤ 540 seconds, especially ≤ 120 seconds ≤ t Ｖ ≤ 480 seconds, especially ≤ 180 seconds ≤ t Ｖ The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the interval is ≤ 420 seconds.

21. The multi-screw machine (3) has a specific torque M ｄ It was operated on / a3. Here, 1 Nm / cm ３ ≤ M ｄ / a ３ ≤ 13 Nm / cm ３ , especially 3 Nm / cm ３ ≤ M ｄ / a3≦11Nm / cm ３ , especially 5 Nm / cm ３ ≤ M ｄ / a ３ ≤ 9 Nm / cm ３ And, M ｄ The method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that represents the driving torque in each of the processing element shafts (28, 29), and a represents the axial distance between the at least two processing element shafts (28, 29).

22. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that the at least one polyethylene (5) is crushed, and in particular the crushing is performed before the at least one polyethylene (5) is heated.

23. At least a portion of the oil (8) is at a temperature T when supplied. Ｎ It has such that 5°C ≤ T Ｎ ≤40℃, especially ≤10℃. Ｎ ≤35℃, and especially ≤15℃ Ｎ The method according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that the temperature is ≤30°C.

24. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 23, characterized in that a portion of the oil (8) is mixed with at least a portion of the at least one type of polyethylene (5) before being supplied to the at least two housing holes (26, 27) of the multi-screw machine (3).

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