Beam structure of a building and reinforcing plate

Abstract

To reinforce the strength reduction due to the defect generated in the beam. 【Solution means】 In the case where the defect 50 penetrates the beam 1 in this beam structure 100, a reinforcing plate 2 which is a flat metal plate is attached to the beam 1. Bolt holes 3 are provided on both sides of the reinforcing plate 2. Near the center of the reinforcing plate 2, two holes 4 for putting a filler are provided. The filler is put in from one hole 4, and the other hole 4 is a vent hole 4. The reinforcing plate 2 is mounted on the beam 1 so as to cover the defect 50. When mounting, the bolt hole 3 and the bolt hole 3b of the beam 1 are penetrated, the bolt 10 is passed through the bolt holes 3, 3b from one direction, and the washer 11 and the nut 12 are attached and fastened to the opposite side. After the reinforcing plate 2 is installed in the defect 50, the cover plate 20 is screwed and fixed to the opposite side. Subsequently, the above-mentioned filler is filled from the hole. Thereby, the defect 50 can be filled with the filler and the beam 1 can be further reinforced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a beam structure and a reinforcing plate of a building, which relate to a horizontal beam constituting a building structure such as a wooden building.

Background Art

[0002] A wooden building has beams, which are thick structural members extending horizontally to support floors and roofs. These beams are important members for transmitting loads to columns. The columns are installed on a base on the foundation, and the loads are transmitted from the beams to the columns and the base. After the structure is constructed, electricians (electrical workers) may drill holes in horizontal beams and intermediate columns, mainly for securing wiring paths.

[0003] This enables the wires to be neatly and safely passed through the wall or the ceiling space so that the wires are not exposed and the appearance is not spoiled. Also, in order to supply power to switches, outlets, and lighting fixtures, it is necessary to draw cables to appropriate locations. For this reason, holes may be drilled in intermediate columns and beams to pass wires and wire them to the designated locations.

[0004] Here, when drilling a hole in a beam, there is a risk of causing a structural strength reduction, so careful attention must be paid to the position and size. Also, it is basic to drill a relatively small hole near the center of the beam (around the neutral axis), and it is not advisable to drill a hole near the end or a hole that is too large. Since these holes cause a strength reduction and need to be reinforced, there is currently an ambiguous countermeasure because it is an undesirable construction method. Also, although a reinforcing material as described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed, it is not intended to cope with a defect in the beam such as a hole for passing an electric wire.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] The present invention is made to reinforce the strength reduction caused by the defects generated in the beam as described above.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] The present invention has a flat reinforcing plate provided in a hole, notch, or other defect portion affecting the strength generated in a beam constituting the structure of a building, and further, a curable filler is filled so as to enclose the defect. The reinforcing plate is provided with a hole or notch, and is a beam structure of a building fastened with bolts passing through corresponding bolt holes of the beam and penetrating to the opposite side.

[0008] It is preferable that the reinforcing plate is provided with a hole for filling a sealing material in a fluid state corresponding to the defect portion. It is preferable that the bolt hole is provided with a hole or notch groove for filling a sealing material in a fluid state.

[0009] The present invention is also a flat reinforcing plate for a beam provided in a hole, notch, or other defect portion affecting the strength generated in a beam constituting the structure of a building, and provided with a hole for filling a sealing material in a fluid state corresponding to the defect portion.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010]

Figure 1

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Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0011] (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is an explanatory drawing showing a beam structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view, and (c) is a rear view. This beam structure 100 is a structure when a hole (defect 50) penetrates through the beam 1 and when no electric wire or the like passes through. In this beam structure 100, a reinforcing plate 2 which is a flat metal plate is attached to the beam 1. For the reinforcing plate 2, for example, SS400, SUS304, etc. with a thickness of 4.5 mm are used. The reinforcing plate 2 is rectangular and four bolt holes 3 are provided on each side. This bolt hole 3 has a diameter through which an M12 ordinary bolt passes. The length of the ordinary bolt depends on the thickness of the beam 1, but is about 150 mm or 200 mm.

[0012] Near the center of the reinforcing plate 2, two holes 4 for putting in a filler are provided. The filler is put in from one hole 4, and the other hole 4 is for air venting. The size of the hole 4 has a diameter such that the tip of the filler tube can be inserted. On the opposite side, a cover 5 for sealing the filler is provided. Since the cover 5 does not necessarily need to ensure the structural strength, a resin plate may be used.

[0013] As the filler, an instant adhesive (cyanoacrylate type), a two-component mixed epoxy adhesive (fast-curing type), a fast-curing polyurethane adhesive, or an acrylic resin adhesive (methacrylic type) can be used. In particular, cyanoacrylate-based and polyurethane-based adhesives are preferable for improving the structural strength of the beam 1 because there is almost no shrinkage during curing.

[0014] As shown in the figure, the reinforcing plate 2 is attached to the beam 1 so as to cover the defect 50. When attaching, the bolt holes 3 in the beam 1 and the bolt holes 3b in the beam 1 are penetrated, the bolt 10 is passed through the bolt holes 3 and 3b from one direction, and the washer 11 and the nut 12 are attached and fastened to the opposite side. In the example of the figure, four bolts 10 are penetrated on each of the left and right sides for tightening. In order to prevent loosening, it is preferable to use a spring washer, a double nut, a self-locking nut, etc.

[0015] After installing the reinforcing plate 2 on the defect 50, the cover plate 20 is screwed and fixed to the opposite side. Subsequently, the above-mentioned filler is filled from the hole. The reinforcing plate 2 is installed so that two holes 4 are opened for the defect 50. Also, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of holes 4 may be provided in the vertical direction (short side direction), and an arbitrary hole 4 may be blocked with the tape 30 so that the hole 4 can be selected.

[0016] After attaching the reinforcing plate 2, the filler is filled and cured over a predetermined time. As a result, the filler can be clogged in the defect 50 to further reinforce the beam 1. Considering the secular shrinkage of the beam itself, since the shrinkage amount of the beam itself is larger than the shrinkage amount of the filler, the inside of the defect 50 becomes a clogged state, thereby increasing the degree of reinforcement. This filler can also be filled in the gap between the bolt 10 and the bolt hole 3 of the bolt hole 3 provided around the defect 50. The bolt hole 3 is provided, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, so that the filling groove 35 communicates with the bolt hole 3b. The filler is filled from this filling groove 35, the filler is sealed in the gap between the bolt 10 and the bolt hole 3b, and the strength reduction due to the bolt hole 3b is suppressed.

[0017] The filling groove 35 (or hole) is provided from a position where the head of the bolt 10 and the washer 11 do not interfere to the inside of the bolt hole 3b, and a filling groove 35 for air venting can also be provided. Since the opposite side of the beam 1 is sealed by the washer 11, it is only necessary to fill the filler after tightening the bolt 10.

[0018] With the above configuration, even if there is a defect 50 in the beam 1, the strength can be sufficiently maintained. In particular, since the maximum bending moment is applied near the center of the beam 1, by adopting a structure with the reinforcing plate 2, a higher strength can be obtained than that of the beam 1 without the defect 50.

[0019] (Embodiment 2) FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a beam structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a reinforcing plate used for this beam structure. This beam structure 200 is an example in the case where an electric wire 60 passes through a through-hole that becomes a defect 50. It has substantially the same configuration as the reinforcing plate 2 of the above Embodiment 1, but is different in that a relief portion 201 is provided in the central portion of the reinforcing plate 202 (see FIGS. 5(a) and (b)). The relief portion 201 has a U-shaped cross section. As shown in the figure, the reinforcing plate 202 is rectangular, a relief portion 201 is provided in the central portion, and bolt holes 3 are provided on both sides in the same manner as in Embodiment 1. The method of attaching the bolt 10 to the beam 1 is the same as that in the above Embodiment 1 (including the case of filling the bolt hole 3b with a filler).

[0020] In the case of this configuration, since the electric wire 60 passes through the defect 50, it is not preferable to put a filler inside the defect 50. Also, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the reinforcing plate 202 is attached by curving the electric wire 60 so as to escape below or above the beam 1. The defect 50 on the opposite side of the beam 1 is also not provided with the cover 5, and the electric wire 60 is left in a free state. Thereby, there is no problem in replacing the wiring after construction. The bent portion 203 of the relief portion 201 is made to have a relatively large radius to avoid concentration of load (see FIG. 5(b)).

[0021] This reinforcing plate 202 can also be applied to a notch damaged on the lower surface of the beam 1 instead of a through hole. That is, by providing the reinforcing plate 202 so as to cover the notched portion, the strength of the beam 1 can be improved.

[0022] (Embodiment 3) FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a beam structure according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In this beam structure 300, when the electric wire passes through the hole which is the defect 50 of the beam 1, the case where the reinforcing plate 2 is installed with the electric wire 60 laid is shown. As shown in FIG. 8, this reinforcing plate 302 has a two-part structure in the vertical direction. A semicircular recess 303 is provided at the central edge of the upper plate 302a, and holes 4 for passing bolts 10 are provided at both ends. A recess 303 corresponding to the recess 303 is provided at the central edge at the center of the lower plate 302b.

[0023] The material and overall dimensions of the reinforcing plate 302 are substantially the same as those in Embodiment 1. The reinforcing plate 302 is attached with bolts 10 so that the recess 303 is located around the defect 50. The above-mentioned filler can be filled in the gap between the bolt 10 and the bolt hole 3. By fixing to the beam 1 with the end faces of the upper plate 302a and the lower plate 302b in contact (the state shown in FIG. 7), the load on the beam 1 can be received by the entire reinforcing plate 302.

[0024] The reinforcing plate 302 can be retrofitted and the periphery of the defect 50 can be intensively reinforced.

[0025] (Embodiment 4) FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a beam structure according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. This beam structure 400 is an example in the case where the defect 51 is a notch formed on the lower surface of the beam 1. The reinforcing plate 2 and its attachment structure etc. are the same as those in Embodiment 1. In this beam structure 400, where the defect 51 is filled with a filler, a cover sheet 401 is attached to the defect 51, and the internal space is filled with the above-mentioned filler. The cover sheet 401 is provided with holes 402 for filling the filler.

[0026] The cover sheet 401 is placed over the defect 50 from the lower surface and both ends are folded and brought into close contact with the side surface of the beam 1. In this state, since the defect 50 is covered by the cover sheet 401, the filler is filled from the hole 402. When filling from one hole 402, the other hole 402 serves as a vent hole. After the filler inside the defect 50 has hardened, the reinforcing plate 2 is attached to the beam 1 in that state (this attachment is the same as that in Embodiment 1).

[0027] The strength of beam 1 is ensured by the hardening of the filler. Although the Building Standards Act originally prohibits causing a defect 51 on the lower surface of beam 1, it may actually occur. Even in such a case, the strength of beam 1 can be ensured as designed by this structure.

Explanation of reference signs

[0028] 100 Beam structure 1 Beam 2 Reinforcing plate 3 Bolt hole 4 Hole 5 Cover

Claims

1. It has a flat reinforcing plate provided at a hole, notch or other defect part that affects the strength and occurs in a beam constituting the structure of a building, and further, a curable filler is filled so as to enclose the defect, wherein the reinforcing plate is provided with a hole or notch, and is fastened by bolts passing through corresponding bolt holes of the beam on the opposite side, and is a beam structure of a building.

2. The beam structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing plate is provided with a hole for filling a sealing material in a fluid state corresponding to the defect part.

3. The beam structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the bolt hole has a hole or notch groove for filling a sealing material in a fluid state.

4. A flat reinforcing plate for a beam, which is provided at a hole, notch or other defect part that affects the strength and occurs in a beam constituting the structure of a building, and is provided with a hole for filling a sealing material in a fluid state corresponding to the defect part.

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