Power generation system

Abstract

To provide a power generation system with high power generation capacity and high power generation efficiency. [Solution] The invention relates to a power generation system having a rotary drive device with a first rotating shaft and one or more generating units. The first rotating shaft has a first rotating gear mounted coaxially thereon, and when the first rotating shaft rotates, a first chain meshed with the first rotating gear rotates. The generating unit has one or more generators, a second rotating gear with a second rotating shaft, and a second chain. The generator has a third rotating shaft, and electricity is generated when the third rotating shaft rotates. The third rotating gear mounted on the second rotating shaft meshes with the second chain, and when the second chain rotates, the second rotating shaft and the second rotating gear rotate. A fourth rotating gear mounted coaxially with the third rotating shaft meshes with the second rotating gear, and when the second rotating gear rotates, the third rotating shaft rotates. The first chain and the second chain are integrated.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a power generation system using a rotary generator that uses permanent magnets and coils. [Background technology]

[0002] Electricity, essential for daily life, is generated by generators that spin large turbines at power companies' thermal and nuclear power plants. The electricity generated at these plants is then converted to high voltage and transported to consumption areas via transmission lines. However, this power generation and transmission system, which involves long-distance transmission lines, results in significant transmission losses and is not very energy efficient. Furthermore, as evidenced by the recent shutdowns of nuclear power plants due to nuclear accidents, a problem at one power plant can have a significant impact on a wide area. To avoid these problems and realize a recycling-oriented society, the construction of smart grids has been gaining attention in recent years. In terms of electricity alone, a smart grid generates electricity on a small scale within a limited area, distributes it within that area, and consumes it locally, without relying on electricity from other areas. Conversely, if smart grids are constructed in multiple regions and connected, even if a problem occurs with a smart grid in one area, electricity can still be supplied from other areas. This mutual exchange allows for the realization of a stable electricity supply, thereby achieving the goal of stable electricity supply.

[0003] A Japanese version of the smart grid has been proposed to restructure Japan's industrial base. The "Japanese version of the smart grid" is a robust concept that brings together innovative and flexible technologies to build the ultimate energy system that prevents global warming and realizes sustainable and peaceful lives for all people, thus realizing a so-called "co-creation society." The goal of the "Japanese version of the smart grid" envisioned by its creators is to quickly and flexibly incorporate clean energy (micro-energy) as a supply source into the existing electricity-based energy supply system, realizing an optimal complex of energy supply sources (a complex of organizations, etc.) that is suited to the current technological stage, under the filter of achieving the greatest carbon dioxide reduction effect at that time.

[0004] On the technological front, there are two major challenges: the development of "clean energy (micro energy)" production technologies and its supply technologies. Supply technologies face the issue of power quality, namely, maintaining stable voltage when incorporating "clean energy (micro energy)" into existing power grids. There are also system-related issues, such as surpluses and shortages of power due to fluctuations in power generation from sources like solar power, as well as control and safety management technologies. Meanwhile, "clean energy (micro energy)" production technologies, in principle, do not use fossil fuels. They focus on energy physically produced from nature, energy whose safety can be ensured through the power of science and technology, and energy derived from cutting-edge technologies that can utilize waste, inevitably generated by human life, as a resource. This technology requires flexible and creative thinking that is not bound by existing frameworks. It also requires the participation of a wide range of engineers, researchers, small and medium-sized manufacturers, and the public, to build energy systems that reflect unique regional and other conditions.

[0005] In other words, the "Japanese Smart Grid" is a multi-layered industrial complex that can ensure sustainability into the future.<Industrial complex> The "Japanese Smart Grid" is a system that promises further development through continuous innovation. Reflecting its area concept, the "Japanese Smart Grid" is also a method for building a regionally decentralized economic system. When considering the "Japanese Smart Grid" as a business, the economic perspective of building a business model for a sustainable industry becomes important. A fundamental requirement is that the investment costs required by "clean energy" suppliers to realize this, when converted into electricity, do not exceed existing electricity costs. In other words, it must not lead to an increase in the overall energy cost burden. However, if electric power companies continue to purchase electricity as "clean energy" suppliers demand, it will disrupt the fundamental supply-demand relationship and lead to a breakdown in sustainable power supply. To address this issue, the following three pillars of economic policy must be established. The first is to set an appropriate electricity purchase price, that is, to set a sustainable and appropriate purchase price for "clean energy" that is in line with the actual state of electricity supply and demand, the second is to establish a compensation system for investment differences...the creation of a mechanism to compensate for investment differences that cannot be absorbed by the electricity purchase price, and the third is to provide development funding to equipment and device manufacturers...the establishment of a financial support system to encourage equipment and device manufacturers to enter the development field.There is a need for extremely efficient generator systems that will help realize this kind of "Japanese version of smart grid."

[0006] The inventor previously proposed a pumped-storage micro-power generation system that generates electricity using water flow (Patent Document 1). This pumped-storage micro-power generation system includes a water tank for storing water, a water conduit located below the water tank, one end of which is connected to the water tank and descends toward the other end, a condensate pipe connected to the other end of the water conduit and ascends toward the other end, multiple power generation units installed along the water conduit to generate electricity using the water flowing through the water conduit, a pump connected to the other end of the condensate pipe and discharging water from the condensate pipe into the water tank, and a power supply connected to the multiple power generation units, charged with electricity from the multiple power generation units and supplying power to the pump. In particular, this invention is configured so that the suction force generated by the pump discharging water from the condensate pipe generates a uniform suction flow in the condensate pipe and the water conduit, forming the above-mentioned water flow through the water conduit. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2012-193730

[0008] [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2018-126047 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] The generator used in Patent Document 1 is described as "comprising a rotating magnet plate having a plurality of permanent magnets of a first polarity, a plurality of permanent magnets of the first polarity that are stationary and face some of the plurality of permanent magnets of the first polarity, a plurality of coils with magnetic cores that are stationary and face some of the C-type permanent magnets of the rotating magnet plate, and a plurality of permanent magnets of a second polarity that are stationary and face the other ends of the plurality of coils with magnetic cores." However, the specific structure of the generator is not clearly stated. Therefore, the present applicant has proposed a specific rotary generator using permanent magnets and coils. (Patent Document 2) In this system, permanent magnet-mounted plates and coil-mounted plates with coils are arranged alternately in parallel, and the permanent magnet-mounted plates or coil-mounted plates are rotated relative to each other, changing the magnetic field across the coils to generate induced electromotive force (induced current) in the coils, thereby generating electricity. However, the rotating shaft of the permanent magnet-mounted plate-shaped body or the coil-mounted plate-shaped body in this rotary generator is directly rotated by hydraulic power, and while this is not a problem when used as a single generator, it is not powerful enough to use multiple generators, and there is a demand for a method and system for operating multiple generators together.Furthermore, there is a simultaneous demand for a power generation system that has high power generation capacity and power generation efficiency, thereby simplifying the power generation method and system and reducing costs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a power generation system with high power generation capacity and high power generation efficiency, and specifically has the following features. (1) This invention is a power generation system having a rotary drive device with a rotating shaft (referred to as the first rotating shaft) and at least one power generation unit, wherein the first rotating shaft has a gear or pulley (referred to as the first rotating gear, etc.) attached coaxially thereto, and when the first rotating shaft rotates, a chain or belt (referred to as the first chain, etc.) meshed with the first rotating gear, etc. rotates; the power generation unit has at least one generator and a rotating shaft (referred to as the second rotating gear) with a rotating shaft (referred to as the second rotating shaft) and a chain or belt (referred to as the second chain, etc.); the generator has a rotating shaft (referred to as the third rotating shaft), and electricity is generated by the rotation of the third rotating shaft; and the gear attached to the second rotating shaft This is a power generation system characterized in that a wheel or pulley (referred to as the third rotating gear, etc.) meshes with a second chain, etc., and when the second chain, etc., rotates, the second rotating shaft rotates and the second rotating gear also rotates; a gear (referred to as the fourth rotating gear) attached coaxially with the third rotating shaft meshes with the second rotating gear, and when the second rotating gear rotates, the third rotating shaft rotates; here, the first chain, etc. and the second chain, etc. are integrated; when the first rotating shaft of the rotary drive device rotates, the first chain, etc. and the second chain, etc. rotate, which in turn rotates the third rotating gear, etc. and the second rotating shaft, which in turn rotates the second rotating gear, which in turn rotates the fourth rotating gear and the third rotating shaft, which in turn generates electricity.

[0011] (2) In addition to (1), the present invention is characterized in that the diameter of the first rotating gear etc. is equal to or greater than the diameter of the third gear etc., the diameter of the second rotating gear is equal to or greater than the diameter of the fourth rotating gear, the rotary drive device is driven by electricity, liquid or gas to rotate the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft has a plurality of gears or pulleys with which the first chain etc. meshes, and a plurality of power generating units are attached to the first chain etc. meshed with the plurality of gears or pulleys. (3) In addition to (1) or (2), the present invention is characterized in that the generator is a rotating plate-shaped generator including a permanent magnet-mounted plate on which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged, and a coil-mounted plate on which a plurality of coils are arranged, and the magnetic poles (pole faces) of the permanent magnets arranged on the permanent magnet-mounted plate and the end faces of the coils arranged on the coil-mounted plate are arranged approximately parallel to each other, and / or the direction of the axis of the permanent magnets (direction of the vertical magnetic field) is approximately the same as the direction of the axis of the coils, and the permanent magnet-mounted plate is arranged between two adjacent coil-mounted plates, or the coil-mounted plate is arranged between two adjacent permanent magnet-mounted plates, and the permanent magnet-mounted plate or the coil-mounted plate rotates around its center to generate an induced voltage in the coils arranged on the coil-mounted plate, thereby generating electricity.

[0012] (4) In addition to (1) to (3), the present invention is characterized in that the coil-mounted plate or the permanent magnet-mounted plate is arranged on at least one of the two outer sides of the rotary plate-type generator, and in the coil-mounted plate arranged on the outer side, a plate-shaped body made of magnetic material (magnetic plate-shaped body) is arranged close to or in contact with the end face of the coil opposite the bottom face of the permanent magnet-mounted plate, or in the permanent magnet-mounted plate arranged on the outer side, a plate-shaped body made of magnetic material (magnetic plate-shaped body) is arranged close to or in contact with the end face of the permanent magnet opposite the bottom face of the coil-mounted plate. (5) In addition to (1) to (4), the present invention is characterized in that the magnetic poles (magnetic pole faces) of the permanent magnets mounted on the two permanent-magnet-mounting plates facing both bottom sides of the coil-mounting plate face each other and have opposite polarities, or the bottom surfaces of the permanent-magnet-mounting plate and the coil-mounting plate are arranged approximately parallel to each other, and the multiple coils arranged on the coil-mounting plate are arranged at least on one approximate circle or two or more approximate concentric circles, and the multiple permanent magnets arranged on the permanent-magnet-mounting plate are arranged at least on one approximate circle or two or more approximate concentric circles, and the magnetic poles on the bottom side of the permanent-magnet-mounting plate of adjacent permanent magnets arranged on the circumference of the one approximate circle or two or more approximate concentric circles are opposite polarities, and further, when the permanent-magnet-mounting plate rotates, the multiple permanent-magnet-mounting plates that make up the rotary plate-shaped generator are connected coaxially, and the multiple permanent magnets rotate simultaneously. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] The power generation system of the present invention generates electricity using a rotary generator, which is composed of power generation units connected by a chain mechanism and rotated by a rotary drive device to form the power generation unit. This simple configuration allows for easy assembly. This reduces the cost of manufacturing the power generation system. It also allows for a large amount of power to be generated with less power, thereby reducing power generation costs. Furthermore, increasing the amount of power generated can be achieved by adding more power generation units, increasing the number of generators within the power generation unit, or increasing or increasing the size of the rotor within the generator, all of which can be selected appropriately depending on the purpose. Furthermore, because the power generation system of the present invention is composed of power generation units, the overall size and power generation amount of the power generation system can be adjusted by adding or removing more or less power generation units. This allows for flexible placement in a wide range of spaces, from small to large, and is also easy to manufacture (assemble). In other words, the power generation system of the present invention can be said to be an ideal system for realizing smart grids and smart power generation. As such, a power generation system with a rotary generator of the present invention provides a high power generation capacity and high power generation efficiency. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a power generation system having a rotary generator according to the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the power generating unit of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a power generation unit. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of a rotating disk generator. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of the bottom side of the rotating disk generator. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the structure of a lightweight rotating disk-shaped generator. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 shows another lightweight structure of the rotating disk generator. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the power generating unit of the generator system of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another example of a power generating unit equipped with a rotary generator. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the drive method and structure using a chain mechanism. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the frame of the power generation unit and the support body within the power generation unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] This invention relates to a generator system for efficiently operating a rotating disk-shaped generator with little driving force. Figure 1 is a diagram showing a generator system having a rotary generator of this invention. The generator system 110 of this invention is configured by arranging a number of power generation units 111 incorporating rotating plate-shaped generators 112 with high power generation efficiency (described later), and driving these multiple power generation units with rotary drive devices 113 such as motors (driven by electric motors, hydraulic power, or wind power) to generate electricity. Figure 1(a) is a front view of the generator system of this invention, and Figure 1(b) is a side view.

[0016] FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the power generating unit 111. FIG. 2(a) is a front view, and FIG. 2(b) is its (right) side view. Generators 131 and 132 are arranged on either side of a chain (or belt) 137. Here, as shown in FIG. 2(b), four generators (main bodies) 131 (131-1, 131-2, 131-3, 131-4) are arranged on one side (left side). Four generators (main bodies) 132 (132-1, 132-2, 132-3, 132-4) are also arranged on the other side. (Note that 132-3 and 132-4 are not shown.) Note that although FIGS. 1 and 2 show four generators attached to one side, there is no limit to this number as long as the generators can be driven. A large diameter rotary gear (also called a large gear) 133 is fixed to a central rotary shaft 134 on the generator 131 side of one side of the power generation unit, and a small diameter rotary gear (also called a small gear) 136 is attached to the central rotary shaft of the generator 131 in mesh with the large diameter rotary gear (also called a large gear) 133. The generator 132 on the other side has a similar configuration.

[0017] The central shaft 134 of the large-diameter rotary gear 133 is rotatable by a chain (or belt) 137, and when the chain (or belt) 137 rotates, the central shaft 134 rotates, causing the large-diameter rotary gear 133, which is fixed to the central shaft 134, to rotate. The chain (or belt) 137 may mesh directly with the central shaft 134, or may mesh with a concentric (circular) gear 135 (or sprocket) or a concentric (circular) pulley 135 that is integrated with the central shaft 134. In other words, when the chain (or belt) 137 rotates, the large-diameter rotary gear 133 rotates, which in turn rotates the small-diameter rotary gear (generator rotary shaft) 136, causing the generator 131, which has a rotating disk-shaped body, to generate electricity. The generator 132 on the other side generates electricity in the same way. If the diameter of large-diameter rotary gear 133 is R21 and the diameter of small-diameter rotary gear 136 is R22, and the pitch of each gear is the same, when large-diameter rotary gear 133 rotates n times, small-diameter rotary gear 136 rotates n × R21 / R22 times. For example, if R21 / R22 = 10, then small-diameter rotary gear 136 rotates 10n times. Therefore, even if large-diameter rotary gear 133 rotates normally (for example, 60 rpm), small-diameter rotary gear 136 rotates 600 rpm, allowing generators 131 and 132 to generate a large amount of power. Thus, power generating unit 111 shown in FIG. 2 is provided with four generators on each side, for a total of eight generators on both sides. Note that the number of generators provided in power generating unit 111 is not particularly limited and may be greater or less.

[0018] As shown in Figure 1, the power generation system of the present invention is composed of 25 power generation units 111 arranged in 5 columns, 5 rows, and 1 row at the back, but this number is not particularly limited as long as all the generators can be driven; for example, the power generation units 111 may be arranged in 10 columns, 10 rows, and 1 row at the back, for a total of 100. The power generation units 111 are housed in a frame 120, and the power generation system of the present invention can be constructed by connecting the power generation units 111 housed in the frame 120. When the power generation units 111 are combined to construct a power generation system, the upper and lower chains (or belts) 137 in Figure 2 become one unit, i.e., the chains (or belts) 137 of the upper and lower power generation units become one continuous unit, forming the chain (or belt) 117 shown in Figure 1.

[0019] Five power generating units 111 are arranged vertically, and a chain (or belt) 117 (labeled 137 in FIG. 2) engages with the central shaft (134 in FIG. 2) (or concentric (circular) gear (or sprocket, or pulley)) of each unit. The rotation of chain 117 rotates the central shaft (134, 135 in FIG. 2) (or concentric (circular) gear (or sprocket, or pulley)) of each unit. The power generating system 110 of the present invention has a rotary drive device 113, and a rotating shaft 114 of this rotary drive device 113 extends long (horizontally) outside the rotary drive device 113 and rotates together with the rotation of the rotary drive device 113. The other end of rotary drive device rotating shaft 114 is supported by a bearing mechanism 116, allowing rotary drive device rotating shaft 114 to rotate freely with little load.

[0020] A gear (or sprocket, or pulley) is attached to the rotary drive device rotating shaft 114, and a chain (or belt) 117 meshes with the gear. A chain 117 (137 in FIG. 2) also meshes with the central shafts 118, 119 (134, 135 in FIG. 2) of the large-diameter rotary gear 133 of each power generating unit 111. The chain (or belt) 117, which is connected to the central shaft 121 of the large-diameter rotary gear 133 of the uppermost power generating unit and the rotary drive device rotating shaft 114, rotates in accordance with the rotation of the rotary drive device rotating shaft 114. Therefore, the central shafts 118, 119 of the large-diameter rotary gears of each power generating unit 111 also rotate, and the large-diameter rotary gear 133, which is integrated with the central shafts 118, 119 of the large-diameter rotary gears, also rotates. As the large-diameter rotary gear 133 rotates, the small-diameter rotary gear (generator rotating shaft) 136 also rotates, allowing the generators 131 and 132 to generate electricity. As described above, the generator system of the present invention operates as follows: the rotary drive device 113 rotates the rotary drive device rotating shaft 114, causing the chain (belt) 117 to move (rotate), which in turn rotates the large diameter gear (large gear) 133, which in turn rotates the small gear (generator rotating shaft) 136, generating electricity in the generators 131 and 132.

[0021] For example, if the gear 133 is 150 mm in diameter, the pinion 136 is 15 mm in diameter, and the gear 135 for the gear that meshes with the chain 117 is 50 mm in diameter, then the pinion will rotate 10 times for each rotation of the gear. If the gear that meshes with the chain attached to the rotary drive shaft 114 is R mm in diameter, then the gear 135 for the gear that meshes with the chain will rotate R / 50 times for each rotation of the rotary drive shaft 114. Therefore, if R = 150, the gear 135 will rotate three times. Therefore, if the rotary drive shaft 114 rotates at 60 rpm (1 rpm / sec), the pinion will rotate at a fairly high speed of 1,800 rpm. Therefore, even if the rotary drive rotates at a low speed, the generator can generate a large amount of electricity. Because the generator also has a low-resistance rotating disk, this simple mechanism allows the power generation system of this invention to generate electricity efficiently with little power. The rotary drive device 113 is, for example, a rotary motor, which rotates the rotary shaft 114 using, for example, electricity or hydraulic or wind power (fluid force) as its power source (for example, using an impeller).

[0022] Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating the drive method and structure using the chain (or belt) mechanism shown in Figures 1 and 2. A gear (sprocket) or pulley 115 is attached to the rotary drive device rotary shaft 114 coaxially with the rotary drive device rotary shaft 114. Because the gear 115 is integral with the rotary drive device rotary shaft 114, when the rotary drive device rotary shaft 114 rotates, the gear 115 also rotates simultaneously. The power generation unit 111, which is arranged on the outermost side, has a gear (sprocket) or pulley 122 coaxial with the (rotation) central axis 121 of the large-diameter rotary gear 133. In other words, because the large-diameter rotary gear 133 and the gear 122 are integral, when the gear 122 rotates, the rotary shaft 121 and the large-diameter rotary gear 133 rotate. The gears 115 integral with the rotary drive shaft 114 are connected by a chain (or belt) 117 to the gears 122 integral with the (rotating) central shaft 121 of the large-diameter rotary gear 133 in the power generation unit 111 located on the outermost side. Therefore, when the rotary drive shaft 114 rotates, the chain (or belt) 117 rotates, which in turn rotates the large-diameter rotary gear 133 in the power generation unit 111 located on the outermost side.

[0023] The power generating unit 111 placed in the middle has a gear (sprocket) or pulley 119 that is coaxial with the (rotation) central axis 118 of the large-diameter rotating gear 133. In other words, the large-diameter rotating gear 133 and the gear 119 are integral, so when the gear 119 rotates, the rotating axis 118 and the large-diameter rotating gear 133 rotate. The gear 119, which is coaxial with the (rotation) central axis 118 of the large-diameter rotating gear 133 of the power generating unit 111 placed in the middle, is engaged with the chain (or belt) 117, so when the chain (or belt) 117 rotates, the gear 119 rotates, and at the same time, the large-diameter rotating gear 133 of the power generating unit 111 placed in the middle also rotates. Furthermore, by attaching multiple coaxial gears to the rotating shaft 114 of the rotary drive device 113, attaching chains (or belts) 117 to those gears, and then connecting multiple power generation units to those chains (or belts) 117, a power generation system with multiple power generation units 111 is completed.

[0024] In this way, a simple mechanism of using chains (or belts) 117 to connect the rotating shaft 114 of the rotary drive device 113 to the rotating shafts of the large gears of multiple other power generation units 111 can drive multiple power generation units and generate electricity using the generators that make up these multiple power generation units, making it possible to create an extremely efficient power generation system and generate a large amount of electricity. Note that the rotary drive device 113 may be grounded to the floor and the top power generation unit 111 may be attached to the ceiling (or only the rotating shaft 121 or gears, etc. 122 of the power generation unit 111 may be attached to the ceiling), with multiple power generation units 111 arranged between them. In this case, the size of the power generation system 110 will be approximately 2 meters (or more) high. Furthermore, if the diameter of gear 115 on rotating shaft 114 of rotary drive device 113 is R11 and the diameter of gear 119 on central shaft 118 (rotation) of power generation unit 133 is R12, when gear 115 rotates n times (assuming the pitch of each gear is the same), gear 119 rotates n × R11 / R12. For example, gear 119 rotates 5 times faster than gear 115 when R11 / R12 = 5, and 10 times faster when R11 / R12 = 10. By increasing R11 / R12, the generator in power generation unit 111 can rotate at high speed, enabling extremely large power generation.

[0025] FIG. 11 shows the frame of the power generation unit 111 and the supports within the power generation unit 111. FIG. 11(a) is an elevation view, and FIG. 11(b) is a side view (right). The frame of the power generation unit is rectangular, and the power generation unit 111 is housed within a frame 140. The shape of the frame 140 itself can be considered the outer shape of the power generation unit 111. The frame 140 can be entirely closed and plate-like (however, the portion through which the chain (belt) passes is open), or it can be assembled using a frame, but a frame is preferable for weight reduction. In the case of a frame, the framework alone provides ample space, making it easy to secure multiple power generation units 111 together when stacked, facilitating assembly, and also providing the advantage of being able to see the inside of the power generation unit 111, making it easy to detect abnormalities. Generator frames 141 (141-1,2,3,4) and 142 (142-1,2,3,4), which house the generators 131 (131-1,2,3,4) and 132 (132-1,2,3,4), respectively, are fixed to the rectangular parallelepiped power generation unit frame 140 at its eight corners. The generator frames 141 and 142 can also be assembled using a frame. When the generator frames 141 and 142 are made using a frame, the condition of the generators housed (fixed) inside can be easily confirmed. Because the generators 131 and 132 are fixed to the generator frames 141 and 142, respectively, they will not come off the generator frames 141 and 142 even if the generators 131 and 132 vibrate (the generators may vibrate as the rotating plate-shaped body of the generator rotates).

[0026] Central shaft 134 (which is also the rotation axis) of large diameter gear 133 of power generation unit 111 is supported by bearing mechanisms 146 on supports 144 and 145 fixed to frame 140. That is, central shaft (rotation axis) 134 of large diameter gear 133 is inserted into holes in bearing mechanisms 146 attached to left and right supports 144 and 145, and large diameter gear 133 is disposed between supports 144 and 145. Therefore, even when large diameter gear 133 rotates, it does not rattle or come off, and the bearing mechanism allows large diameter gear 133 to rotate freely with little load or friction. That is, the central axis (also the rotation axis) 134 of the large-diameter gear 133 is supported by left and right supports 144 and bearing mechanisms 146 of supports 145, allowing the large-diameter gear 133 and its central axis (also the rotation axis) 134 (and the concentric (circular) gear 135 (or sprocket) or concentric (circular) pulley 135 integrated with the central axis 134) to rotate freely. In this way, the power generating unit 111 of the present invention is housed in a rectangular parallelepiped frame 140, so this power generating unit 111 can be directly connected both horizontally and vertically. When multiple power generating units 111 are connected, it goes without saying that pillars or an outer frame are required to support the entire system. The power generating system of the present invention connects the power generating units vertically (up and down) (in the direction of the chain) using a chain (belt) mechanism to operate multiple generators simultaneously, so support by an outer frame or pillars is required, especially when connected vertically.

[0027] Next, an example of a generator and a power generation unit used in the power generation system of the present invention will be shown. Figure 3 shows an example of a power generation unit, as seen from a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the rotating disk body of the rotary generator of the present invention. Rotating gears 214 and 224 are connected to both the left and right sides of rotating shaft 213 (they move as a unit), so that rotating gears 214 and 224 also rotate in accordance with the rotation of rotating shaft 213. Rotating gears (referred to as large (diameter) gears) 214, 224 are meshed with gears (small (diameter) gears) 215, 225 with smaller radii (smaller number of teeth), and permanent magnet-mounted annular bodies (which may be disks or plates) 220, 230 equipped with multiple permanent magnets of a generator 217 are attached to the rotating shafts 216, 226 of these pinion gears, so that the rotating shafts 216, 226 and the permanent magnet-mounted annular bodies (which may be disks or plates) 220, 230 rotate integrally. Note that, although the pinion gears 215, 225 are directly meshed with the large gears 214, 224 in this example, gears with gradually smaller numbers of teeth may be interposed between them. In this case, the pinion gears 215, 225 are indirectly connected (meshed) with the large gears 214, 224.

[0028] The generator 5 is housed in a generator housing (case) 218 ​​(218-1, 2, 3, 4) and includes a power-generating coil-mounted torus (which may be described as a disk, disk-shaped body, or plate-shaped body) 219 that mounts multiple (power-generating) coils, and a permanent magnet-mounted torus 220. The power-generating coil-mounted torus 219 mounts multiple power-generating coils and is fixed to the generator housing (case) 218. A hole is formed in the center of the power-generating coil-mounted torus 219 through which a pinion gear rotating shaft 216 passes. The pinion gear rotating shaft 216 rotates without contacting the power-generating coil-mounted torus 219. The permanent magnet-mounted torus 220 rotates together with the pinion gear rotating shaft 216 and rotates relative to the power-generating coil-mounted torus 219, allowing the coils mounted on the power-generating coil-mounted torus 219 to generate electricity. The rotating shaft 216 may also be called a generator rotating shaft. Here, the rotating shaft 216 can also be made of a resin-based material or a non-magnetic material to reduce cogging torque. If the rotating shaft 216 is made of a magnetic material such as an iron-based material, cogging torque may be generated due to the magnetic force of the permanent magnet. However, if the rotating shaft 216 is made of a resin-based material or a non-magnetic material, the rotating shaft 216 is not attracted to the magnetic force of the permanent magnet, and therefore no cogging torque is generated. Similarly, the cogging torque can be reduced by using a resin-based material or a non-magnetic material instead of a magnetic material such as an iron-based material for the bearings used in the rotating shaft.

[0029] The inside of the generator housing (case) 218 ​​(218-1, 2, 3, 4) is preferably airtight to prevent it from being affected by the external environment. For example, moisture, water, dirt, dust, and other foreign matter, as well as contaminated gases, present in the external environment, can deteriorate the generator, so these must be prevented from entering the inside of the generator housing (case) 218 ​​(218-1, 2, 3, 4). Holes are provided in the generator housing walls 218-1 and 218-4 through which the pinion rotating shaft 216 passes, but seal members 221 such as ball bearings are provided to allow smooth rotation and isolate the inside from the external environment. In the generator 5, permanent magnet-mounted tori 220 are arranged on both sides of the fixed power-generating coil-mounted tori 219, and multiple such tori 220 are arranged repeatedly. It is desirable to arrange multiple power-generating coil-mounted tori 219 and permanent magnet-mounted tori 220 to enable large power generation, as long as a large load is not applied to the connected rotating disk 211, slowing its rotation to the point where power generation is not possible. (Note that the smallest unit of generator 5 is the two outer permanent magnet-mounted torus bodies 11 and 16 and the coil-mounted torus body 219 placed between them, and the smallest unit of generator 6 is the two outer coil-mounted torus bodies 22 and 26 and the coil-mounted torus body 219 placed between them, as well as the two permanent magnet-mounted torus bodies 220 placed between them.)

[0030] Furthermore, the pinion 215 that rotates the generator 5 of the same structure can be meshed and connected to another location on the large gear 214. In Figure 3, two (5, 6) are placed, one above the other on the right side. However, it is desirable to place them wherever possible to generate large amounts of power, as long as they do not impose a heavy load on the chain (or belt) 211, slowing its rotation to the point where power cannot be generated. It is also possible to place multiple generators 5, 6 so that when the torque of the chain (or belt) 211 is large, multiple generators 5, 6 can be rotated. When the torque of the chain (or belt) 211 decreases, some of the pinion gears 215 connected to the large gear 214 can be disconnected from the large gear 214 to prevent rotation in response to the torque. These operations may be automatically controlled by a computer or the like, by measuring the torque of the chain (or belt) 211. A shielding plate (shielding case) 241 may be placed between the chain (or belt) 211 and the large gear 214 to prevent moisture and humidity from entering the large gear 214. To prevent these from entering as much as possible, a sealing member 221 such as a ball bearing can be placed in a hole in a shielding plate (shielding case) 241 through which the rotating shaft 213 of the chain (or belt) 211 passes, allowing smooth rotation and isolating it from the external environment.

[0031] Generators 7 and 8, fitted around the pinion gear 225 on the left side of Figure 3, have a similar structure to generators 5 and 6, with multiple permanent magnet-mounted torus 230 arranged on both sides of a power-generating coil-mounted torus 229 to enhance power generation efficiency. The power-generating coil-mounted torus 229 is fixed to the generator housing wall 228, with a central hole through which the pinion gear 225's rotation shaft 226 passes. The permanent magnet-mounted torus 230 is attached to the pinion gear rotation shaft 226 and rotates together with the pinion gear rotation shaft 226. The generator 231 is also housed airtight within the generator housing wall 228 to avoid being affected by the external environment. Multiple pinion gears 225, pinion gear rotation shafts 226, and generators 231 are arranged on the large gear 224 to further enhance power generation capacity. Furthermore, the entire system including the large gear 224, pinion 225, and generator 231 is housed airtight inside a protective case 232, preventing the entire generator system from being affected by the external environment. The large gear 224 attached to the left side of Fig. 3 is smaller than the large gear 214 attached to the right side, but this can be optimized by determining the sizes of the large gears 214 and 224 in accordance with the rotational force of the chain (or belt) 211. The size and number of generators 231 systems passed through the pinion 225 can also be selected appropriately.

[0032] The radius of the large gear 224 is R1, the number of teeth is N1, and the radius of the pinion 215 is r1 and n1. Because the large gear 224 and the pinion 215 are meshed, if the gear pitch is the same, then R1 / N1 = r1 / n1. When the large gear 224 rotates once, the pinion rotates N1 / n1 = R1 / r1. For example, if R1 = 10r1, when the large gear 224 rotates once, the pinion rotates 10 times. In other words, even if the rotation speed of the coupled rotary disk body 211 is low, the rotation speed of the permanent magnet-mounted annular body on the generator side can be increased by changing the sizes of the coupled gears and connected gears, thereby increasing the power generation capacity. In Figure 3, the rotating body attached to the pinion gear's rotating shaft is a torus (or disk) carrying a permanent magnet, but it is also possible to fix the permanent magnet torus (or disk) (for example, to the generator housing (case)) and attach a coil torus (or disk) to the pinion gear's rotating shaft, causing the coil to rotate together with the pinion gear's rotating shaft. Of the permanent magnet torus (or disk) and coil torus (or disk), it is preferable to attach the one with the lighter total weight to the pinion gear's rotating shaft, as this increases the generating power for the same pinion gear's rotational force. It is also preferable to use permanent magnets with a large magnetic force per weight.

[0033] Although the generator shown in FIG. 3 uses a gear-connected rotation adjustment mechanism, other rotation adjustment mechanisms may also be used. For example, a belt connection may be used. Specifically, by winding a belt around a large disk (radius R3) connected to the connected rotating disk 211 and winding the same belt around a small disk (radius r3) on the generator side, a rotation speed corresponding to the ratio of the radii of the disks can be obtained. In other words, for one rotation of the connected rotating disk 211, the rotation of the disk on the generator side is R3 / r3, resulting in a large rotation speed. While these are referred to as tori and disks, they may also be plate-like, and their outer shapes may be various, such as triangular, rectangular, polygonal, circular, elliptical, or any curved shape, as long as they do not impede rotation.

[0034] The power-generating coil-mounted torus is structured so that the coil end faces are positioned close to the bottom surface of the power-generating coil-mounted torus and face the bottom, and the coil axis is oriented approximately perpendicular to the bottom surface of the power-generating coil-mounted torus. The permanent magnet-mounted torus is structured so that the magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnets face the bottom surface of the permanent magnet-mounted torus and are positioned close to the bottom surface of the permanent magnet-mounted torus, with the axis direction of the permanent magnet (direction of the vertical magnetic field) being approximately perpendicular to the bottom surface of the permanent magnet-mounted torus. The centers of the permanent magnets mounted on the permanent magnet-mounted torus are arranged on multiple approximately concentric circles with respect to the central axis of rotation of the permanent magnet-mounted torus (in Figure 3, for example, rotation axis 216 of the pinion). The bottom surface of the power-generating coil-mounted torus is positioned approximately parallel to the bottom surface of the permanent magnet-mounted torus, so that it does not come into contact with the power-generating coil-mounted torus even when the permanent magnet-mounted torus rotates. In addition, in this invention, a magnetic field is generated between two permanent magnet-carrying toroids located on both bottom surfaces (there are two bottom surfaces) of the power-generating coil-carrying toroid; however, the closer the distance between these two permanent magnet-carrying toroids, the stronger the magnetic field; therefore, it is desirable that the distance between the permanent magnet-carrying toroid and the power-generating coil-carrying toroid be small as long as there is no contact due to rotation.

[0035] Furthermore, it is preferable that adjacent magnetic poles arranged on multiple concentric circles on the bottom side of the permanent magnet-mounted torus have opposite polarities. Furthermore, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets arranged on the permanent magnet-mounted torus on both sides of the power-generating coil-mounted torus are also arranged to have opposite polarities. This configuration is shown in FIG. 3 and, for example, in detail in FIG. 4. Multiple coils (e.g., 236 in FIG. 3) mounted on the power-generating coil-mounted torus are also arranged on multiple concentric circles. It is preferable that the centers of these concentric circles be aligned approximately with the centers of the concentric circles of the permanent magnets on the permanent magnet-mounted torus. This configuration is shown in FIG. 3 and, for example, in detail in FIG. 4. When the permanent magnet-mounted torus (e.g., 220 in FIG. 3) rotates together with the rotation axis 216, the permanent magnets (e.g., 235 in FIG. 3) rotate so as to cross the end faces of the multiple coils mounted on the power-generating coil-mounted torus (e.g., 219 in FIG. 3). The magnetic field directions of the permanent magnets arranged in the permanent magnet-mounted torus on either side of the power-generating coil-mounted torus are opposite to each other, so the magnetic field direction generated in the coil mounted on the power-generating coil-mounted torus changes cyclically from forward to reverse. This generates an induced electromotive force in the coil, causing a cyclic current to flow through the coil. In other words, electricity is generated.

[0036] In this invention, when a permanent magnet-mounted torus is placed on the outermost side, magnetic material plates 13, 17 are attached to the permanent magnets 12, 13, as shown in generator 5 or generator 8 in Figure 3. This increases the power generation efficiency compared to when magnetic material plates 13, 17 are not placed. Also, in this invention, when a coil-mounted torus is placed on the outermost side, magnetic material plates 23, 27 are placed close to the outer end faces of the coil, as shown in generator 6 or generator 7 in Figure 3. This increases the power generation efficiency compared to when magnetic material plates 23, 27 are not placed.

[0037] Because the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets mounted on the permanent-magnet-mounted torus are opposite, an attractive force acts between the opposing permanent magnets (say, permanent magnets A and B) between the permanent-magnet-mounted disks on either side of the coil-mounted disk, but a repulsive force acts between that permanent magnet (say, permanent magnet A) and the permanent magnet (say, permanent magnet B for permanent magnet A) adjacent to it (say, permanent magnet B) (say, permanent magnet B-1 and B-2). Therefore, when viewed from the perspective of the permanent-magnet-mounted disks on either side, these attractive or repulsive forces cancel each other out overall, and the force due to the permanent magnets between the permanent-magnet-mounted disks on either side becomes very small. This means that cogging torque is reduced, the permanent-magnet-mounted disks rotate more smoothly, and power generation efficiency is improved.

[0038] Numerous coils 236 are arranged on the power-generating coil torus 219. Near the center of each of the power-generating coil torus 22 and 26 on both sides is a shaft hole through which the rotating shaft 216 passes. While the structures of generators 5 and 8 are slightly different, generators of the same structure may be mounted. It goes without saying that current can be generated in the coils even if the power-generating coil torus is attached to the rotating shaft 216 and rotated while the permanent magnet torus is fixed (i.e., the relationship between the power-generating coil torus and the permanent magnet torus is reversed). A soft magnetic material such as iron is preferable for the magnetic core. A soft magnetic core increases the magnetic flux generated by the coil. Examples of core materials include iron, pure iron, iron-based alloys, ferrite, permalloy, silicon steel, amorphous magnetic alloys, and sendust. The higher the magnetic permeability of a material, the greater the magnetic flux density within the coil.

[0039] In this invention, as shown in Figure 4, the permanent magnets arranged in the permanent magnet-mounted disk are arranged so that the magnetic poles (surfaces) of adjacent permanent magnets on the concentric circles are opposite polarities at the bottom. For example, in Figure 4, the magnetic pole (north pole) of permanent magnet 463 arranged in permanent magnet-mounted disk 460 on the side of the coil-mounted disk is opposite to the magnetic pole (south pole) of permanent magnet 473 arranged in the opposing permanent magnet-mounted disk 470 on the side of the coil-mounted disk. Therefore, an attractive force acts between permanent magnet 463 and permanent magnet 473. The two permanent magnets 464 adjacent to permanent magnet 463 arranged in permanent magnet-mounted disk 460 have opposite polarities to permanent magnet 463 (the magnetic pole on the side of the coil-mounted disk is south), so a repulsive force acts between permanent magnet 473 and these permanent magnets 463. Similarly, a repulsive force (a repulsive force) acts between the permanent magnet 463 and two adjacent permanent magnets 474 of the permanent magnet 73 in the permanent-magnet-mounted disk 470. That is, an attractive force acts between the facing permanent magnets, and a repulsive force acts between those permanent magnets and the adjacent permanent magnets of the facing permanent magnets, so the attractive and repulsive forces cancel each other out, and as a whole, the attractive or repulsive force due to the permanent magnets in the permanent-magnet-mounted disks sandwiching the coil-mounted disk is very small. Therefore, cogging torque is reduced, and the rotation of the permanent magnets is not inhibited but becomes smooth, improving power generation efficiency.

[0040] FIG. 4 illustrates the structure of a rotating disk generator according to the present invention. FIG. 4(a) illustrates a rotating disk generator similar to the rotating disk generators 5 and 8 shown in FIG. 3 (some reference numerals have been changed from those in FIG. 3). The axis of rotation, indicated by the dashed line 494, is fixedly attached to the approximate center of the permanent magnet-mounted disks 457 and 458. (The axes of rotation 462, 472, 482, and 494 correspond to the central axis of the generator 131 in FIG. 2.) The coil-mounted disk (or torus) 459 is fixed to the generator housing (case) 218 ​​or the like so as not to move. In this embodiment, the coil 490 is positioned so that its coil axis is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk 459. In other words, both bottom surfaces of the coil 490 are parallel to the bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk 459. Furthermore, no permanent magnets are disposed on the coil-mounted disk 459. It is preferable that both bottom surfaces (end surfaces) of the coil 490 are close to the permanent magnets (as the distance between the permanent magnets becomes smaller and the magnetic field strength increases, the change in magnetic field strength becomes greater when the coil rotates, increasing the amount of power generated by the coil), so it is desirable that the coil end surfaces be approximately parallel to the bottom surface of the coil-mounted disc body and coincide with or be close to the bottom surface of the coil-mounted disc body.

[0041] In the permanent magnet-mounted disks 457 and 458, the magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnets 491, 492, and 493 are arranged parallel to the bottom faces of the permanent magnet-mounted disks 457 and 458. Because the bottom faces of the permanent magnet-mounted disks 457 and 458 are parallel to the bottom face of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459, the magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnets 491, 492, and 493 are also parallel to the bottom face of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459. The permanent magnets are arranged facing the coil-mounted disk-shaped body so that the magnetic poles of the opposing permanent magnets (on the bottom faces) are alternately opposite. In other words, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 491 and 493 are opposite. Furthermore, in the same permanent magnet-mounted disk, the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are alternately opposite. In other words, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 491 and 492 are opposite. The permanent magnet-mounted disk body 457 and the permanent magnet-mounted disk body 458 are arranged so that their magnetic pole faces are opposite each other (north pole for south pole, south pole for north pole), and are fixed to the rotating shaft so that they rotate simultaneously.Therefore, even when the rotating shaft rotates, the relationship between the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet-mounted disk body 457 and the permanent magnet-mounted disk body 458 does not change.

[0042] That is, a magnetic field is generated between the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 457 and the permanent magnet-mounted disk 458, but the direction of the magnetic field is opposite between adjacent permanent magnets. As the permanent magnet-mounted disks rotate, the magnetic field in the coil 490 located between them, the coil-mounted disk 459, changes from a normal magnetic field to a reverse magnetic field, and then cyclically changes from the reverse magnetic field to a normal magnetic field. This generates an induced electromotive force in the coil, generating electricity (power) in the coil wiring and generating power. By collecting the currents (power) generated in multiple coils, a large current (power) can be generated. As explained above, inserting a core (magnetic core) into the coil can increase the generated magnetic field and the generated current. In particular, a soft magnetic material is preferable for the core, such as iron, pure iron, iron-based alloys, ferrite, permalloy, silicon steel, amorphous magnetic alloys, or sendust. The higher the magnetic permeability of a material, the greater the magnetic flux density in the coil. Furthermore, as mentioned above, when a core is inserted into a coil, it is desirable to keep the outer end surface (bottom surface) of the core away from the end surface of the coil and inside.

[0043] FIG. 6(b) shows the state of the bottom surface of a permanent magnet-mounted disk facing one of the bottom surfaces of the coil-mounted disk. For example, this shows the state of the bottom surface of a permanent magnet-mounted disk 457 facing the left bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk 459. The permanent magnet-mounted disk 460 is fixed to a rotation shaft 462 at its center. On the bottom surface 461 of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 460, permanent magnets 463 and 464 are arranged (preferably at equal intervals) on concentric circles 465, 466, and 467 centered on the rotation shaft 462 attached to the center of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 460. Furthermore, among the concentrically arranged permanent magnets, adjacent permanent magnets 463 and 464 have opposite magnetic poles. That is, on the bottom surface 461 of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 460 facing the left bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk, adjacent permanent magnets have alternately arranged opposite magnetic poles. Naturally, the permanent magnets facing the surface on the other bottom surface (rear bottom surface) of the permanent magnet-mounted disk body 460 will have opposite polarities, so the multiple permanent magnets on the other bottom surface (rear bottom surface) of the permanent magnet-mounted disk body 460 are also arranged concentrically, and adjacent permanent magnets also have magnetic poles of opposite polarities arranged alternately.

[0044] 6(c) is a diagram showing the state of the bottom surface of a coil-mounted disk. For example, this is the state of the bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk 459, and both bottom surfaces (there are two bottom surfaces) are in the same state. The bottom surface 481 of the coil-mounted disk 480 has a circular center hole 483 in its center, through which a rotation axis 482 passes. This rotation axis 482 is the same as the rotation axis 462 (also the rotation axis 494 in FIG. 6(a)). On the bottom surface 481 of the coil-mounted disk 480, the bottom surfaces (end surfaces) 484 of the coils are also arranged concentrically (485, 486, 487) (preferably at equal intervals). The radii of these concentric circles (485, 486, 487) are approximately the same as the radii of the concentric circles (465, 466, 467) on the bottom surface 461 of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 460. When the permanent magnet-mounted disk 460 rotates around the rotation axis 462 (482), the permanent magnets 463 and 464 arranged on the permanent magnet-mounted disk 460 move on the bottom surface (end surface) of the coil arranged on the bottom surface 484 of the coil. Because the rotation axis 482 rotates at the center of the bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk, the center hole 483 is also larger than the rotation axis 482 and is centered on the center of the bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk, so the rotation axis 482 does not come into contact with the coil-mounted disk. A magnetic core may be inserted into the coil. The presence of a magnetic core increases the magnetic field generated and the current generated in the coil.

[0045] 6(d) is a diagram showing the state of the bottom surface of a permanent magnet-mounted disk facing the other bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk. For example, this is a diagram showing the state of the bottom surface of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 458 facing the right bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk 459. The permanent magnet-mounted disk 470 is fixed to a rotation shaft 472 at its center. On the bottom surface 471 of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 470, permanent magnets 473 and 474 are arranged (preferably at equal intervals) on concentric circles 475, 476, and 477 centered on the rotation shaft 472 attached to the center of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 470. Furthermore, among the concentrically arranged permanent magnets, adjacent permanent magnets 473 and 474 have opposite magnetic poles. That is, on the bottom surface 471 of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 470 facing the right bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk, adjacent permanent magnets have alternately arranged opposite magnetic poles. The state of the opposite bottom surface of the permanent-magnet-mounted disk 460 shown in Fig. 6(b) can be considered to be the state of the bottom surface of the permanent-magnet-mounted disk 470 shown in Fig. 6(d). In other words, the opposite polarity of the permanent magnet 463 (north pole) on the bottom surface 461 of the permanent-magnet-mounted disk 460 shown in Fig. 6(b) is the permanent magnet 473 (south pole) on the bottom surface 471 of the permanent-magnet-mounted disk 470 shown in Fig. 6(d). The opposite polarity of the permanent magnet 464 (south pole) on the bottom surface 461 of the permanent-magnet-mounted disk 460 shown in Fig. 6(b) is the permanent magnet 474 (north pole) on the bottom surface 471 of the permanent-magnet-mounted disk 470 shown in Fig. 6(d). Furthermore, the rotation axis 472 is approximately the same as the rotation axis 462 (482, 494), and the radii of the concentric circles 475, 476, and 477 are also approximately the same as the radii of the concentric circles 465, 466, and 467 and the concentric circles 485, 486, and 487. In Figures 6(b) and 6(d), the shape of the permanent magnets on the bottom side is depicted as rectangular (rectangular or square), but other shapes are also acceptable. For example, they may be quadrilaterals other than rectangular, circular, triangular, polygonal, or elliptical. Naturally, these have thickness, so they are cylindrical. For example, a rectangular or angular shape is a square shape (prism), and a circular shape is a cylinder. Furthermore, although adjacent permanent magnets are spaced apart, they may also be spaced without any gaps. Spaced apart arrangement facilitates balancing the repulsive and attractive forces, thereby reducing cogging torque. If the permanent magnet mounted disk body can rotate at a desired rotation speed, the more coils there are, the greater the power generation, so it is desirable to have a larger number of concentric circles.There are various types of permanent magnets, so you can choose the appropriate one depending on the capacity and size of the generator, etc. Examples include alnico magnets, neodymium magnets, samarium-cobalt magnets, ferrite magnets, KS steel, and MK steel.

[0046] 6(b) and 6(d), it is desirable to arrange the permanent magnets arranged in concentric circles so that the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite (as much as possible) even between adjacent concentric circles (for example, 465, 466, and 467 in FIG. 4(b) and 475, 476, and 477 in FIG. 6(d)). By arranging them in this way, an attractive force acts between the opposing permanent magnets (for example, permanent magnets A and B) between the permanent magnet-mounted disks on both sides of the coil-mounted disk, but a repulsive force acts between that permanent magnet (for example, permanent magnet A) and the permanent magnets (for example, permanent magnet B relative to permanent magnet A) adjacent to the opposing permanent magnet (for example, permanent magnet B) (for example, permanent magnet B). Therefore, when viewed from the perspective of the permanent magnet-mounted disks on both sides, these attractive or repulsive forces cancel each other out as a whole, and almost no force due to the permanent magnets acts between the permanent magnets on both sides. In other words, the cogging torque is reduced, allowing the permanent magnet mounting disk to rotate smoothly.

[0047] Because the permanent magnet-mounted disks 460 and 470 rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 462 (472), the lighter the permanent magnet-mounted disks 460 and 470, the easier they are to rotate. Furthermore, because a lighter permanent magnet-mounted disk is easier to rotate, the stronger the magnetic force of the permanent magnet per unit weight is, the better. Therefore, the lighter the material other than the portion carrying the permanent magnet, the better, and in extreme cases, it may even be unnecessary. Furthermore, the material of the permanent magnet-mounted disk (annular body) other than the permanent magnet is preferably light and strong. Examples include light materials such as wood, plastics such as FRP, cellulose nanofiber (CNF), and carbon-based materials, as well as metals such as aluminum, titanium, and their various alloys. Lightweight disks allow for less force to rotate, allowing multiple disks to be mounted on a pinion. Furthermore, the outer shape of the permanent magnet-mounted disk (annular body) does not necessarily have to be circular; it can be a polygonal, elliptical, or other curved shape, or a combination of these shapes, or it can be a plate-like body. However, since this plate-like body rotates, it is preferable that the rotation moment is uniform, so a circular or symmetrical shape is desirable.

[0048] Needless to say, the coil-mounted disk must not come into contact with the outer case or the like during rotation. Furthermore, since the coil-mounted disk is fixed and does not rotate, it does not necessarily have to be a disk, and various plate-like bodies of any shape can be used. To save material and reduce weight, it is sufficient to have a portion for mounting the coil and a portion for supporting the coil; other portions are not required. That is, a perforated plate-like body can also be used. For example, a torus or a frame body (to which the coil is fixed) can also be used. The permanent magnet-mounted disk (annular body, a plate-like body) can also be fixed and rotated. In this case, the same applies to the coil-mounted disk (annular body, a plate-like body) and the permanent magnet-mounted disk (annular body, a plate-like body). The torus and disk-like bodies shown in Figures 3 to 8 in this specification can be any shape of plate-like body, whether fixed or rotating, as long as there are no particular problems (e.g., no interference with rotation), and the plate-like body can have gaps (spaces) as long as it is strong enough. (Here, the plate-like body preferably has a substantially uniform thickness.)

[0049] As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4(a), the present invention is characterized in that magnetic material plates 13 and 17 are arranged outside the permanent magnet 11 in the permanent magnet-mounted disks 12 and 16 located at the outermost positions (left and right in the figure). The magnetic material is a ferromagnetic material or a soft magnetic material. Ferromagnetic materials include iron, nickel, cobalt, and alloys thereof. Soft magnetic materials include iron, pure iron, iron-based alloys, ferrite, permalloy, silicon steel, amorphous magnetic alloys, sendust, electromagnetic stainless steel, Fe-Si-Al alloys, permendur, nanocrystals, and the like.

[0050] The magnetic pole face of the permanent magnet 11 faces the side of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 12 facing the outer bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk 459-1 located at the outermost position (right side in FIGS. 3 and 4). (For example, the permanent magnet-mounted disk 460 in FIG. 4(b) and the permanent magnet-mounted disk 470 in FIG. 4(d)). In contrast, a magnetic material plate 13 is attached to the opposite magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 11 located on the permanent magnet-mounted disk 12. By arranging the magnetic material plate 13 on the permanent magnet-mounted disk 12 in this manner, the magnetic field generated between the permanent magnet 491 located on the adjacent permanent magnet-mounted disk 458-1 across the coil-mounted disk 459-1 and the permanent magnet 11 located on the permanent magnet-mounted disk 12 is strengthened. This increases the amount of change in the magnetic field across the coil 490 mounted on the coil-mounted disk 459-1, and increases the induced power (induced current) generated in the coil 490. In other words, power generation efficiency is improved.

[0051] The magnetic material plate 13 may be attached closely to the permanent magnet 11 or may be placed slightly apart. Note that the magnetic field strength is higher when the plate is placed closely. Because the permanent magnet 11 easily adheres to the magnetic material plate 13, no adhesive is required. However, adhesive may be used to secure the permanent magnet 11 completely. The thickness of the magnetic material plate 13 is not particularly limited. However, if the plate is too thick, the weight of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 12 increases, which may interfere with the rotation of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 12. Therefore, the thickness should be 10 mm or less, preferably 3 to 5 mm or less. To reduce weight, the plate can be made slightly thicker only around the permanent magnet 11, leaving a thinner space between the permanent magnets 11. Alternatively, the magnetic material plate may be placed only around the permanent magnet 11. If the permanent magnet-mounted disk and the magnetic material plate are spaced apart, the distance should be 1 cm or less, preferably 5 mm or less. Furthermore, this space may be left empty. The sizes shown here are not limited and can be changed as appropriate depending on the size of the generator, the coil-mounted disk (plate-shaped body), and the permanent-magnet-mounted disk (plate-shaped body). As shown in Figure 4(a), in the permanent-magnet-mounted disk 12, the inner portion of the magnetic material plate 13 (the left portion in Figure 4(a), where the permanent magnets 11 are arranged) is designated as 12-1, and the outer portion of the magnetic material plate 13 (the right portion in Figure 4(a)) is designated as 12-2. The outer portion (right portion in Figure 4(a)) 12-2 of the magnetic material plate 13 secures and protects the magnetic material plate 13 to the permanent-magnet-mounted disk 12, but the magnetic material plate 13 can be sufficiently secured without this outer portion (right portion in Figure 4(a)) 12-2 of the magnetic material plate 13. If protection is not required, the outer portion may be omitted to reduce weight. In the permanent magnet-mounted disk 12, the portions other than the permanent magnet 11 and the magnetic material 13 are made of non-magnetic materials. Examples of non-magnetic materials include plastics such as FRP, ceramics, wood, paper, non-magnetic metal materials (for example, non-magnetic stainless steel, titanium-based materials, aluminum-based materials, copper-based materials, and alloys thereof), and composite materials of these.

[0052] The magnetic pole face of the permanent magnet 15 faces the side of the permanent magnet-mounted disk 16 facing the outer bottom surface of the coil-mounted disk 459-2 arranged on the outermost side (left side in FIGS. 3 and 4) (for example, the permanent magnet-mounted disk 460 in FIG. 4(b) and the permanent magnet-mounted disk 470 in FIG. 4(d)). In contrast, a magnetic material plate 17 is attached to the opposite magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 15 arranged on the permanent magnet-mounted disk 16. As shown in FIG. 4(a), in the permanent magnet-mounted disk 16, the inner portion of the magnetic material plate 17 (the right side in FIG. 4(a) where the permanent magnet 15 is arranged) is designated 16-1, and the outer portion of the magnetic material plate 17 (the left side in FIG. 4(a)) is designated 16-2. The outer portion of the magnetic material plate 17 (the right side in FIG. 4(a)) 16-2 secures and protects the magnetic material plate 17 to the permanent magnet-mounted disk 16. These are similar to those described for the permanent magnet-mounted disk 12. The arrangement of the magnetic material plate 17 increases the magnetic field strength generated between the permanent magnet 16 mounted on the permanent magnet-mounted disk 12 and the permanent magnet 493 mounted on the permanent magnet-mounted disk 458-2, sandwiching the coil-mounted disk 459-2. This increases the induced power (induced current) generated in the coil 490 mounted on the coil-mounted disk 459-2, thereby improving power generation efficiency. The magnetic material is a ferromagnetic material or a soft magnetic material. Ferromagnetic materials include iron, nickel, cobalt, and alloys thereof. Soft magnetic materials include iron, pure iron, iron-based alloys, ferrite, permalloy, silicon steel, amorphous magnetic alloys, sendust, electromagnetic stainless steel, Fe-Si-Al alloys, permendur, nanocrystals, and the like.

[0053] Figure 4(e) is a view of the bottom of the permanent magnet-mounted disks 12 and 16, viewed from the magnetic material plates 13 and 17. The magnetic material plates 13 and 17 are drawn semi-transparently so that the arrangement of the permanent magnets 11 and 15 can be seen. N and S indicate the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets. The arrangement of the permanent magnets 11 and 15 is the same as that shown in Figure 4(d) (or Figure 4(b)). It can be seen that the magnetic pole faces of adjacent permanent magnets 11 and 15 are arranged concentrically with opposite polarity. Because the magnetic material plates 13 and 17 are made of a magnetic material, the permanent magnets 11 and 15 adhere to the magnetic material plates 13 and 17, even though the magnetic pole faces of adjacent permanent magnets 11 and 15 have opposite polarity. The magnetic material plates, such as iron plates or ferrite plates, may be attached to the permanent magnets using adhesive or may be embedded and fixed in the permanent magnet-mounted disks at a slight distance from the permanent magnets. 3 and 4, magnetic material plates are arranged on the outside of both outer permanent magnet-mounted disks (plate-shaped bodies) (including when they are in contact), but it is also possible to arrange only one of them on the outside. Also, there is nothing to prevent the arrangement of further permanent magnet-mounted disks (plate-shaped bodies) or coil-mounted disks (plate-shaped bodies) on the outside (of the magnetic material plate) of the permanent magnet-mounted disks (plate-shaped bodies) on which the magnetic material is arranged.

[0054] FIG. 5 shows the bottom structure of the rotary disk-type generators 6 and 7 of the present invention shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5(a) is a diagram similar to the generators 6 and 7 shown in FIG. 3 (some reference numerals are the same as in FIG. 4), and FIG. 5(b) is a view from the bottom of both outer sides of FIG. 5(a). As can be seen from FIG. 5(a), coil-mounted disks 22 and 26, each carrying a plurality of coils, are arranged on both outer sides of the generator 6. A permanent magnet-mounted disk 457 is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the inner bottom surface of the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26, and magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are arranged outside the coils 21 and 25 mounted on the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26. FIG. 5(b) is a view from the bottom of the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 arranged outside the coils 21 and 25, but the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are drawn semi-transparently so that the arrangement of the coils 21 and 25 can be seen. The coils 21 and 25 are arranged concentrically in the same manner as in Fig. 4(c). As can be seen from Fig. 5(b), the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are arranged over the entire bottom surfaces of the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26, but they may be large enough to cover one end surface of the coils (for each coil), or may cover the entire coils arranged on the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26.

[0055] A magnetic field is also generated on the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26 by the permanent magnets 493 mounted on the permanent-magnet-mounted disks 457, which are positioned inside the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26. Because adjacent permanent magnets 493 (on concentric circles) mounted on the permanent-magnet-mounted disks 457 have opposite magnetic poles, when the permanent-magnet-mounted disks 457 rotates, the direction of the magnetic field on the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26 changes significantly, generating induced power (induced current) in the coils 21 and 25, resulting in power generation. When the permanent-magnet-mounted disk 457 rotates, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 , the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are positioned outside the coils 21 and 25, increasing the change in magnetic field strength caused by the permanent magnets 493 mounted on the permanent-magnet-mounted disks 457, which are positioned inside the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26. This increases the induced power (induced current) generated in the coils 21 and 25 compared to when the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are not present. This increases power generation efficiency. Furthermore, coils 21 and 25 may also be provided with magnetic cores 24 and 28 (shown by dashed lines) like other coils 490. When magnetic cores 24 and 28 are inserted into coils 21 and 25, magnetic material plates 23 and 27 may be connected to magnetic cores 24 and 28. Inserting magnetic cores 24 and 28 into coils 21 and 25 increases power generation efficiency, and connecting magnetic material plates 23 and 27 to magnetic cores 24 and 28 further increases power generation efficiency. The arrangement of coils 490, 21, and 25 on the bottom surfaces of coil-mounted disks 459, 22, and 26 is similar to that shown in FIG. 4(c). The arrangement of permanent magnets 491 and 492 on the bottom surfaces of permanent magnet-mounted disks 457, 458, etc. is similar to that shown in FIGS. 4(b) and 4(d).

[0056] In the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26, the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are depicted spaced apart from one end face of the coils 21 and 25, but they may also be in contact with the end faces of the coils 21 and 25. However, if the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 and the coils 21 and 25 are in contact, it is desirable that they be insulated so that no current flows (or leaks) at the contact points. The magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are embedded and fixed in the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26 (the portions of the coil-mounted disks on the coil sides 21 and 25 are designated 22-1 and 26-1, and the portions of the coil-mounted disks outside the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are designated 22-2 and 26-2). However, as long as the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are securely fixed to the coil-mounted disks 22-1 and 26-1, the portions 22-2 and 26-2 of the coil-mounted disks may be omitted. In this case, the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are the outermost portions of the coil-mounted disk 22. Although the generator is housed in a generator housing (case) 218, the outermost coil-mounted disks 22 and 26 may be integrated with the left and right side cases 218-1 and 218-4 of the generator housing (case) 218. The magnetic material plates 23 and 27 may be made of the same material as the magnetic material plates 13 and 17 described above. The thickness of the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 may be 1 cm or less, but is preferably 1 mm to 5 mm from the perspectives of material cost and size reduction. The separation distance between the outer end faces of the coils 21 and 25 and the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 is preferably 1 cm or less, and more preferably 5 mm or less. As described above, the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 may be in contact with the end faces of the coils 21 and 25 as long as they are electrically insulated (i.e., as long as the current generated by the coils does not flow or leak into the magnetic material plates). This is because the closer they are, the stronger the magnetic field becomes. Furthermore, when magnetic cores 24, 28 are inserted into the coil, the magnetic field becomes stronger and the power generation efficiency increases, but these magnetic cores 24, 28 and the magnetic material plates 23, 27 may be in contact with each other.

[0057] In FIG. 5, the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 are integrated with the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26. However, a space may exist between the coil-mounted disk 22 and the magnetic material plates 23 and 27. In this case, the coil-mounted disks 22 and 26 are supported and fixed to the generator housing (case) 218-2 and 218-3, along with the other coil-mounted disk (i.e., the inner one) 459. Even in this case, the distance between the outer end faces of the coils 21 and 25 and the magnetic material plates 23 and 27 is preferably 1 cm or less, and more preferably 5 mm or less. While magnetic material plates are placed outside both outer coil-mounted disks (plate-shaped bodies) in FIGS. 3 and 4 (including cases where they are in contact), they may be placed on only one side. Furthermore, this does not preclude the placement of additional permanent magnet-mounted disks (plate-shaped bodies) or coil-mounted disks (plate-shaped bodies) outside the coil-mounted disks (plate-shaped bodies) on which the magnetic material is placed. Furthermore, the sizes shown here are not limited and can be changed as appropriate depending on the size of the generator, the coil-mounted disk (plate-shaped body), and the permanent magnet-mounted disk (plate-shaped body).

[0058] FIG. 6 shows the structure of a rotating disk-shaped body generator that is a lighter version of the rotating disk-shaped body generator shown in FIG. 4. Similar components to those in FIG. 4 are labeled with the same numbers. As shown in FIG. 6(a), permanent magnets 491, 492, and 493 mounted on permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped bodies 457 and 458 penetrate the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body in the thickness direction and are longer than the thickness of the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body. The axis of rotation is indicated by dashed line 494. It is preferable that the permanent magnets 491, 492, and 493 be positioned approximately in the center of the thickness direction of the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body. Since the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body rotates, it is preferable that the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body be lighter and thinner as long as the rotation does not deform the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body and the mounted permanent magnets can be securely fixed. Furthermore, the coil 490 mounted on the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459 penetrates the coil-mounted disk-shaped body in the thickness direction and is longer than the thickness of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body. The coil 490 is preferably positioned near the center in the thickness direction of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459. The coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459 does not rotate, but to save on materials (costs), the coil-mounted disk-shaped body should be lighter and thinner if it can be reliably fixed without deformation by the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body. (Conversely, if the coil-mounted disk-shaped body rotates and the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body is fixed, the above descriptions of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body and the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body can be interchanged.)

[0059] 6, it is important that both end surfaces of coil 490 are approximately parallel to the magnetic poles (magnetic pole faces: magnetic pole faces are the surfaces of the S and N magnetic poles of a permanent magnet) of permanent magnets 491 and 493. The closer the magnetic poles of opposite polarities mounted on permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped bodies 457 and 458 across coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459 are, the stronger the magnetic field becomes, and therefore the larger the induced current generated in the coil, so it is better that both end surfaces of coil 490 are close to the magnetic poles (magnetic pole faces) of permanent magnets 491 and 493. However, because the coil-mounted disk-shaped body or permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body rotates relative to each other around its central axis, it is sufficient that they are close enough to each other so as not to come into contact. As shown in Figure 4, permanent magnets 491 and 493 are arranged concentrically on the bottom surface, with the magnetic pole faces of adjacent permanent magnets 491 and 493 arranged with opposite polarities. Also, what is important about Figure 6 is that magnetic material plates 51 and 52 are attached to the outside of the permanent magnets mounted on the outermost permanent magnet-mounting disk. This can also be thought of as a state in which part of the permanent magnet-mounting disk-shaped bodies 12 and 16 in Figures 3 and 4 is missing. By attaching magnetic material plates to the outermost permanent magnets in this way, the magnetic field strength increases, and the induced current generated in the coil 490 facing this outermost permanent magnet 493 also increases. This means that power generation efficiency is improved.

[0060] 6(b) is a schematic diagram of a disk-shaped body 460 carrying a permanent magnet as viewed from the direction of a rotation axis 462. This disk-shaped body 460 carrying a permanent magnet can be considered the same as the disk-shaped bodies 457 and 458 carrying permanent magnets in FIG. 6(a). A permanent magnet 463 (magnetic pole (surface) N pole) and a permanent magnet 464 (magnetic pole (surface) S pole) are arranged alternately (i.e., 6(b) 。 The permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 460 is not completely plate-shaped, and the areas without permanent magnets and areas not required for supporting the permanent magnets are left with spaces 468 to make it as light as possible. The back side of the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 460 shown in FIG. 6(b) has the same shape, but the areas where the permanent magnets are located have opposite polarities to the front side. The shape shown in FIG. 6(b) is just one example, and the shape of the permanent magnets and the outer and inner shapes of the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body may be further changed.

[0061] FIG. 6(c) is a schematic diagram of a coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480 viewed from the direction of the rotation axis 482. This coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480 can be considered the same as the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459 in FIG. 6(a). Coils 484 are arranged on concentric circles 485, 486, and 487 centered on the rotation axis 482. Unlike FIG. 4(c), the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480 is not completely plate-shaped; instead, areas not required for supporting the coil are left empty 488 to minimize weight. The back side of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480 shown in FIG. 6(c) has the same shape. The shape shown in FIG. 6(c) is merely an example, and the shape of the coil and the outer and inner shapes of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body may be further modified. Examples of coil shapes include circular, elliptical, various curved, triangular, rectangular, and various polygonal cross sections.

[0062] FIG. 4(d) is a schematic diagram of a permanent-magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 470 as viewed from the direction of the rotation axis 472. This permanent-magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 470 can be considered the same as the permanent-magnet-mounted disk-shaped bodies 457 and 458 in FIG. 6(a). Permanent magnets 474 (magnetic pole (surface) north pole) and permanent magnets 473 (magnetic pole (surface) south pole) are arranged alternately (i.e., with opposite poles) on concentric circles 475, 476, and 477 centered on the rotation axis 472. What differs from FIG. 4(d) is that the permanent-magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 480 is not completely plate-shaped; instead, areas without permanent magnets and areas not required for supporting the permanent magnets are left with spaces 478 to reduce weight as much as possible. The back side of the permanent-magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 480 shown in FIG. 6(d) is the same shape, but the areas with permanent magnets have opposite poles to the front side. The shape shown in Figure 6(d) is just one example, and the shape of the permanent magnet and the outer and inner shapes of the disk-shaped body carrying the permanent magnet may be further changed. Figure 6(d) can also be said to be the front and back of Figure 6(b). Although the above refers to a disk-shaped body, the outer shape does not necessarily have to be circular, so it can also be generally called a plate-shaped body. As shown in Figure 6, as long as the magnetic poles (faces) of the permanent magnet and the coil end faces are approximately parallel, the plate-shaped body does not necessarily have to be of a constant thickness, but it is easier to manufacture a plate-shaped body with a nearly constant thickness.

[0063] Also, Figure 6(b) may be considered to be the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 457 in Figure 6(a), Figure 6(d) may be considered to be the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 458 in Figure 6(a), and Figure 6(c) may be considered to be the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459 in Figure 6(a). In other words, the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 460 and the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 470 are fixed to a rotation shaft 462 (472), and when the rotation shaft 462 (472) rotates, the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped bodies 460 and 470 rotate together, and since the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480 is fixed, the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped bodies 460 and 470 rotate relative to the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480. The radii of the concentric circles of the permanent-magnet-mounted disk-shaped bodies 460 and 470 and the concentric circles of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480 are approximately the same, and the central axes (462, 472, 482) of these concentric circles are approximately coincident, so the permanent magnets {magnetic poles (faces)} of the permanent-magnet-mounted disk-shaped bodies 460 and 470 rotate and cross the coil end face of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480. The permanent magnets {magnetic poles (faces)} of the permanent-magnet-mounted disk-shaped bodies 460 and 470 have opposite polarities and always face each other (with the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480 in between), so the magnetic fields of adjacent permanent magnets have opposite directions. The magnetic field is nearly perpendicular to the coil end surface (or to the bottom surface 481 of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480 if the bottom surface 481 of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 480 is nearly parallel to the coil end surface), so when the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped bodies 460 and 470 rotate together, the coil changes cyclically from a positive magnetic field (from the north pole to the south pole) to a reverse magnetic field (from the south pole to the north pole), causing an induced current to flow in the coil, and by combining the currents flowing in these multiple coils, a large current can be obtained.

[0064] When the magnetic material plates 51 and 52 are attached to the outer side of the permanent magnets mounted on the outermost permanent magnet-mounted disk body shown in Figure 6(a), when the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body 470 is viewed from the direction of the rotation axis 472, the magnetic material plates are attached to the permanent magnet surfaces shown in Figure 6(b) or 6(d), as shown in Figures 6(e) and (f). In Figures 6(e) and (f), the magnetic material plates 51 and 52 are drawn semi-transparently so that the arrangement of the permanent magnets attached to the magnetic material plates 51 and 52 can be seen. In order to save material (cost) and reduce weight, the portions of the magnetic material plates 51 and 52 that are not attached to the permanent magnets (for example, portion 468) can also be omitted.

[0065] FIG. 7 is a diagram similar to FIG. 6 , but shows magnetic material plates 53 and 54 spaced apart from the outer end surface of a coil 490 mounted on an outermost coil-mounting disk 459. The magnetic material plates 53 and 54 are attached and fixed to the generator housing (case) 218. The magnetic material plates 53 and 54 and the end surface of the coil 490 may be close to each other, or may be in contact with each other as long as they are electrically insulated. By arranging the magnetic material plates 53 and 54 outside the outermost coil 490 in this way, the magnetic field strength across the coil 490 increases, thereby increasing the induced current generated in the outermost coil 490. This increases the power generation efficiency.

[0066] As shown in FIG. 7(a), permanent magnets 491, 492, and 493 mounted on the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped bodies 457 and 458 penetrate the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body in the thickness direction and are longer than the thickness of the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body. The axis of rotation is indicated by dashed line 494. It is preferable that the permanent magnets 491, 492, and 493 be positioned approximately at the center of the thickness direction of the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body. Since the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body rotates, it is preferable that the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body be lighter and thinner as long as the rotation does not deform the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body and the mounted permanent magnets can be securely fixed. Furthermore, the coil 490 mounted on the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459 penetrates the coil-mounted disk-shaped body in the thickness direction and is longer than the thickness of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body. It is preferable that the coil 490 be positioned near the center of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459 in the thickness direction. Although the coil-mounted disk-shaped body 459 does not rotate, in order to save on materials (costs), if the coil-mounted disk-shaped body does not deform due to the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body and the coil can be securely fixed, the lighter the coil-mounted disk-shaped body, the thinner the better. (Conversely, if the coil-mounted disk-shaped body rotates and the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body is fixed, the above descriptions of the coil-mounted disk-shaped body and the permanent magnet-mounted disk-shaped body can be interchanged. Note that the structure and content shown in Figures 6(b) to 6(d) can be similarly applied to Figure 7, so drawings and descriptions are omitted.

[0067] In the case where the magnetic material plates 53 and 54 are arranged spaced apart from the outer end surface of the coil 490 mounted on the outermost coil-mounted disk 459 shown in FIG. 7( a), the magnetic material plates 53 and 54 are arranged as disks outside the coil-mounted disk 480 shown in FIG. 7( c). Since the magnetic material plates 53 and 54 are fixed to the generator housing (case) 218, they do not necessarily have to be disks; for example, they may be rectangular parallelepipeds with a square bottom. Even in this case, it is desirable that the magnetic material plates be sized to cover the coil mounted on the coil-mounted disk 480 inside the magnetic material plates 53 and 54. As already described, the magnetic material plates 53 and 54 may be close to or in contact with the outer end surface of the coil 490 mounted on the outermost coil-mounted disk 459.

[0068] Figure 8 shows another embodiment of a power generating unit of a generator system according to the present invention. When chain (or belt) 211 rotates, rotating shaft 213, which has gears meshing with (or is integral with) chain (or belt) 211, rotates, which in turn rotates large gears 214 and 224, which are integral with rotating shaft 213. Large gears 215 and 225 mesh with large gears 214 and 224, respectively, and as large gears 214 and 224 rotate, small gears 215 and 225 rapidly rotate. Small gears 215 and 225 are integral with rotating shafts 216 and 226, respectively, to which generators 217, 244, and 231 are attached. In generators 217, 244, and 231, permanent magnet-mounted disks (220 and 230) and coil-mounted disks (219 and 229) are alternately arranged with their bottom surfaces facing each other and substantially parallel to each other.

[0069] In Figure 8, the polarities of the facing permanent magnets in adjacent permanent magnet-mounted disks (220, 230) are opposite (north and south poles), and the permanent magnets in the same permanent magnet-mounted disk (220, 230) are arranged concentrically, with adjacent permanent magnets in the concentrically arranged disks having opposite polarities. Therefore, between adjacent permanent magnet-mounted disks (220, 230), a magnetic field is generated perpendicular to the bottom surface of the permanent magnet-mounted disks (220, 230), and the direction of this magnetic field changes 180 degrees for each permanent magnet. Because the permanent magnet-mounted disks (220, 230) rotate integrally with the rotation shafts (216, 226), the direction of the magnetic field generated by adjacent permanent magnet-mounted disks (220, 230) changes per rotation by the number of concentrically arranged permanent magnets. Coil-mounted disks (219, 229) are fixedly disposed between these adjacent permanent-magnet-mounted disks (220, 230), so that the magnetic field across the coils disposed in the coil-mounted disks (219, 229) changes cyclically from a maximum magnetic field (for example, a magnetic field in the N->S direction) to a minimum magnetic field (for example, a magnetic field in the S->N direction), generating an induced electromotive force (induced current) in the coils and enabling power generation. In the generator 217, no coil-mounted disks are disposed outside the outermost permanent-magnet-mounted disks 220. On the other hand, by disposing coil-mounted disks 222 (222-1, 2) outside the outermost permanent-magnet-mounted disks 220 as in the generator 244, the outermost permanent-magnet-mounted disks 220 are utilized to the fullest extent.

[0070] FIG. 9 shows an example of a power generation unit equipped with a rotary generator equipped with a magnetic material plate, such as a steel plate, according to the present invention. This power generation unit is similar to FIG. 3. When a chain (belt) rotates, the large gear rotating shaft, which is integrated with the gear (sprocket, pulley) meshed with the chain (belt), rotates. Therefore, the large gear also rotates. A pinion gear meshes with the large gear, and as the large gear rotates, the pinion gear rotates rapidly. A rotary generator is coaxially connected to the pinion gear. As shown in FIG. 9, the rotary generator has a structure in which fixed plates carrying coils are arranged on both sides of a rotating disk body carrying permanent magnets. Coil-mounted plates (fixed plates) are arranged on both sides of the rotary generator, and magnetic material plates, such as steel plates, are arranged on the opposite sides of the permanent magnet mounting plate (rotating disk body) and the outer coil. The permanent magnet mounting plate (rotating disk body) is connected to the central axis (rotating shaft) of the pinion gear, so the permanent magnet mounting plate (rotating disk body) also rotates as the pinion gear rotates. Therefore, as the changed magnetic field crosses the fixed coil, an electromotive force is generated in the coil, electricity flows through the coil, and power is generated. Even if a magnetic material plate such as an iron plate is placed outside the outer coil, as explained above, the magnetic field change caused by the permanent magnet is amplified by the magnetic material plate, resulting in a larger magnetic field change than when nothing is placed, and an electromotive force is also generated in the outer coil, electricity flows through the coil, and power is generated. In this embodiment, simply placing a single magnetic material plate such as an iron plate around the entire outside of the coils placed on both outer coil-mounting plates (close to or in contact with the coil ends) has the great advantage of increasing power generation efficiency.

[0071] In Figure 9, a simple configuration is shown, with one coil-mounted plate (fixed plate) in the center, permanent magnet-mounted plates (rotating disks) on either side of it, and a coil-mounted plate (fixed plate) on the outermost side, with magnetic material such as iron plates on the outer side. However, as shown in Figure 3, more permanent magnet-mounted plates (rotating disks) and coil-mounted plates (fixed plates) can be arranged alternately to increase power generation capacity. The rotary generator, pinion, gear, and other components are housed in the generator outer frame to prevent exposure to fluids and the outside air. Furthermore, while Figure 9 shows a coil-mounted plate (fixed plate) on the outermost side, a configuration in which a permanent magnet-mounted plate (rotating disk) is arranged on the outermost side, with magnetic material such as iron plates arranged on the outer side of the permanent magnets mounted thereon, as shown in (part of) Figure 3, may also be used to increase power generation capacity. 9, the coil-mounted plate is fixed and the permanent magnet-mounted plate is fixed to the rotating shaft 216 or 226, and they rotate coaxially at the same time, but it goes without saying that the permanent magnet-mounted plate can also be fixed and the coil-mounted plate can be fixed to the rotating shaft and rotated coaxially at the same time to generate power. Note that the numbers in the figure are just examples and can be set appropriately depending on the application and purpose.

[0072] As explained in detail above, the power generation system of the present invention generates electricity by assembling power generation units and moving the power generation units with a chain (belt) mechanism, and can easily realize power generation from small to large capacity. It goes without saying that, when the content described and explained in a certain part of the specification can be consistently applied to other parts not described, the content can also be applied to the other parts. Furthermore, the above embodiment is an example, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist, and it goes without saying that the scope of the invention is not limited to the above embodiment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0073] 110... Power generation system, 111... Power generation unit, 112... Generator, 113... Rotary drive device, 114... Rotary drive device rotating shaft, 115... Gear, 116... Bearing mechanism, 117... Chain, 118... Large diameter rotating gear central shaft (rotating shaft), 119... Gear, 120... Frame (case), 121... Large diameter rotating gear central shaft (rotating shaft), 122 gear, 131 generator, 132 generator, 133 large diameter gear, 134 rotating shaft, 135 gear, 136 small diameter rotating gear (generator rotating shaft), 137 chain, 140 generating unit frame, 141 generator frame, 142 generator frame, 144 support, 145 support, 146 bearing mechanism

Claims

1. A power generation system including a rotary drive device having a rotary shaft (referred to as a first rotary shaft) and at least one power generation unit, The first rotating shaft has a gear or pulley (referred to as a first rotating gear, etc.) attached coaxially thereto, and when the first rotating shaft rotates, a chain or belt (referred to as a first chain, etc.) meshed with the first rotating gear, etc. rotates; The power generating unit includes at least one generator, a rotating gear (referred to as a second rotating gear) having a rotating shaft (referred to as a second rotating shaft), and a chain or belt (referred to as a second chain, etc.), The generator has a rotating shaft (referred to as a third rotating shaft), and generates electricity by rotating the third rotating shaft, A gear or pulley (referred to as a third rotary gear, etc.) attached to the second rotary shaft engages with the second chain, etc., and when the second chain, etc., rotates, the second rotary shaft rotates and the second rotary gear rotates, A gear (called the fourth rotary gear) attached coaxially to the third rotary shaft meshes with the second rotary gear, and when the second rotary gear rotates, the third rotary shaft rotates. Here, the first chain etc. and the second chain etc. are integral, When the first rotating shaft of the rotary drive device rotates, the first chain etc. and the second chain etc. rotate, which in turn rotates the third rotating gear etc. and the second rotating shaft, which in turn rotates the second rotating gear, which in turn rotates the fourth rotating gear and the third rotating shaft, which in turn causes the generator to generate electricity. Power generation system.

2. 2. The power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the first rotary gear is equal to or greater than the diameter of the third rotary gear, and the diameter of the second rotary gear is equal to or greater than the diameter of the fourth rotary gear.

3. The power generation system according to claim 1 , wherein the rotary drive device is driven by electricity, a liquid, or a gas to rotate the first rotary shaft.

4. 2. The power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first rotating shaft has a plurality of gears or pulleys with which a first chain or the like meshes, and a plurality of power generation units are attached to the first chain or the like meshed with the plurality of gears or pulleys.

5. The generator is a rotary plate-shaped generator including a permanent magnet-mounted plate-shaped body on which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged, and a coil-mounted plate-shaped body on which a plurality of coils are arranged, the magnetic poles (magnetic pole faces) of the permanent magnets arranged on the permanent magnet-mounting plate-like body and the end faces of the coils arranged on the coil-mounting plate-like body are arranged substantially parallel to each other, and / or the direction of the axis of the permanent magnets (direction of the vertical magnetic field) is arranged substantially the same as the direction of the axis of the coils, the permanent magnet mounting plate is disposed between two adjacent ones of the coil mounting plate, or the coil mounting plate is disposed between two adjacent ones of the permanent magnet mounting plate, 2. The power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnet mounting plate or the coil mounting plate rotates around its center, thereby generating an induced voltage in the coil arranged on the coil mounting plate, thereby generating power.

6. the coil-mounted plate-like body or the permanent magnet-mounted plate-like body is disposed on at least one of both outer sides of the rotary plate-like body generator, In the coil-mounting plate-shaped body arranged on the outside, a plate-shaped body made of magnetic material (magnetic plate-shaped body) is arranged in proximity to or in contact with the end surface of the coil opposite to the bottom surface of the permanent magnet-mounting plate-shaped body, or In the permanent magnet mounting plate disposed on the outside, a plate-shaped body made of magnetic material (magnetic plate-shaped body) is disposed in proximity to or in contact with an end surface of the permanent magnet opposite to the bottom surface of the coil mounting plate. The power generation system according to claim 5 .

7. The magnetic poles (magnetic pole faces) of the permanent magnets mounted on the two permanent magnet mounting plates facing the bottom surfaces of the coil mounting plate are opposed to each other and have opposite polarities, or a bottom surface of the permanent magnet mounting plate and a bottom surface of the coil mounting plate are arranged substantially parallel to each other, and the plurality of coils arranged on the coil mounting plate are arranged on at least one substantially circle or two or more substantially concentric circles. The power generation system according to claim 5 or 6.

8. 7. The power generation system according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the permanent-magnet-mounting plate-like body are arranged at least on one approximate circle or two or more approximate concentric circles, and the magnetic poles on the bottom surface side of the permanent-magnet-mounting plate-like body of adjacent permanent magnets arranged on the circumference of the one approximate circle or two or more approximate concentric circles are opposite to each other.

9. 7. The power generation system according to claim 5, wherein when the permanent magnet-mounted plate-like body rotates, the plurality of permanent magnet-mounted plate-like bodies constituting the rotary plate-like generator are coaxially connected, and the plurality of permanent magnets rotate simultaneously.

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