Composite Antenna

Abstract

This composite antenna incudes a plurality of unit structures arranged in a first plane direction, a reference conductor serving as a reference potential for the plurality of unit structures, and an antenna element provided around the arranged unit structures and being electrically connected to the reference conductor. The unit structures include first resonators spread out in the first plane direction, second resonators separate from the first resonators in a first direction and spreading out in the first plane direction, and a connecting portion magnetically or capacitively connecting the first resonators and the second resonators in the first direction.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to composite antennas. [Background technology]

[0002] There are known techniques for controlling electromagnetic waves without using a dielectric lens. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technique for refracting radio waves by changing the parameters of each element in a structure in which resonator elements are arranged. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-231182 A Summary of the Invention

[0004] The composite antenna according to the present disclosure includes a plurality of unit structures arranged in a first surface direction, a reference conductor that serves as a reference potential for the plurality of unit structures, and an antenna element that is provided around the arranged unit structures and is electromagnetically connected to the reference conductor, wherein the unit structures include a first resonator extending in the first surface direction, a second resonator that is spaced apart from the first resonator in the first direction and extends in the first surface direction, and a connection portion that magnetically or capacitively connects the first resonator and the second resonator in the first direction.

[0005] The composite antenna according to the present disclosure includes a plurality of unit structures arranged in a first surface direction, a reference conductor that serves as a reference potential for the plurality of unit structures, and a surrounding conductor that surrounds the arranged unit structures and is capacitively connected to the reference conductor, wherein the unit structures include a first resonator extending in the first surface direction, a second resonator that is spaced apart from the first resonator in the first direction and extends in the first surface direction, a connection portion that magnetically or capacitively connects the first resonator and the second resonator in the first direction, and an antenna port connected between the reference conductor and the surrounding conductor. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0006] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a complex antenna according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a unit structure according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a complex antenna according to a first modified example of the first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a complex antenna according to a second modified example of the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a complex antenna according to a third modified example of the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a complex antenna according to the second embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the transmission characteristics of the complex antenna according to the third embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the reflection characteristics of the complex antenna according to the third embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0007] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described below.

[0008] In the following description, an XYZ Cartesian coordinate system is set, and the positional relationship of each part is described with reference to this XYZ Cartesian coordinate system. The direction parallel to the X-axis in a horizontal plane is defined as the X-axis direction, the direction parallel to the Y-axis in the horizontal plane perpendicular to the X-axis is defined as the Y-axis direction, and the direction parallel to the Z-axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane is defined as the Z-axis direction. Furthermore, a plane including the X-axis and Y-axis is appropriately referred to as the XY plane, a plane including the X-axis and Z-axis is appropriately referred to as the XZ plane, and a plane including the Y-axis and Z-axis is appropriately referred to as the YZ plane. The XY plane is parallel to the horizontal plane. The XY plane, the XZ plane, and the YZ plane are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] [First embodiment] (composite antenna) A configuration example of a complex antenna according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a complex antenna according to the first embodiment.

[0010] As shown in FIG. 1, the complex antenna 1 according to the first embodiment includes a radio wave refraction plate 2 and an antenna element 3.

[0011] The composite antenna 1 is configured to reflect or transmit in a specific direction electromagnetic waves in a first frequency band used in communication between a base station and a communication device. Transmission includes transmitting the received electromagnetic waves without changing the angle and refracting them in a specific direction. Specifically, the composite antenna 1 is configured to reflect or transmit millimeter waves capable of high-speed large-capacity data communication such as in a fifth generation mobile communication system or a sixth generation mobile communication system in a specific direction using a radio wave refraction plate 2.

[0012] The composite antenna 1 is configured so that the antenna element 3 transmits and receives electromagnetic waves in a second frequency band whose frequency is lower than that of the first frequency band.

[0013] The radio wave refraction plate 2 includes a plurality of unit structures 10 and a reference conductor 18 .

[0014] The multiple unit structures 10 are arranged in the XY plane direction, which may also be called the first plane direction. That is, the multiple unit structures 10 are arranged two-dimensionally. In this embodiment, the multiple unit structures 10 each have a resonant structure. The structure of the unit structures 10 will be described later. The reference conductor 18 may be the reference conductor of the composite antenna 1. The reference conductor 18 is, for example, a ground conductor, but is not limited thereto. The unit structures 10 are arranged two-dimensionally with respect to the reference conductor 18.

[0015] [Unit structure configuration] The configuration of the unit structure according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Ru FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a position structure.

[0016] As shown in FIG. 2, the unit structure 10 includes a first resonator 14 and a second resonator 16 including a reference conductor 18 and a connection line 20 .

[0017] The first resonators 14 may be arranged on the substrate 12 so as to extend across the XY plane. The substrate 12 may be, for example, a dielectric substrate formed of a dielectric material. The first resonator 14 may be formed of a conductor. The first resonator 14 may be, for example, a patch conductor formed in a rectangular shape. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the first resonator 14 is shown as a rectangular patch conductor, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The shape of the first resonator 14 may be, for example, a linear shape, a circular shape, a loop shape, or a polygonal shape other than a rectangle. That is, the shape of the first resonator 14 may be arbitrarily changed according to the design. The first resonator 14 is configured to resonate with an electromagnetic wave received from the +Z-axis direction.

[0018] The first resonator 14 is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves when resonating. The first resonator 14 is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves in the +Z-axis direction when resonating.

[0019] The second resonators 16 may be arranged on the substrate 12 so as to spread across the XY plane at positions away from the first resonators 14 in the Z-axis direction. The second resonators 16 may be, for example, patch conductors formed in a rectangular shape. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the second resonators 16 are shown as rectangular patch conductors, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The shape of the second resonators 16 may be, for example, linear, circular, loop, or polygonal except for rectangular. That is, the shape of the second resonators 16 may be arbitrarily changed depending on the design. The shape of the second resonators 16 may be the same as or different from the shape of the first resonators 14. The area of ​​the second resonators 16 may be the same as or different from the area of ​​the first resonators 14.

[0020] The second resonator 16 is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves when resonating. The second resonator 16 is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves, for example, in the -Z axis direction. The second resonator 16 is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves in the -Z axis direction when resonating. The second resonator 16 is configured to resonate by receiving electromagnetic waves from the -Z axis direction.

[0021] The second resonator 16 may be configured to resonate in a different phase from the first resonator 14. The second resonator 16 may be configured to resonate in a direction different from the resonance direction of the first resonator 14 in the XY plane direction. For example, when the first resonator 14 is configured to resonate in the X-axis direction, the second resonator 16 may be configured to resonate in the Y-axis direction. The resonance direction of the second resonator 16 may be configured to change over time in the XY plane direction in response to the change over time of the resonance direction of the first resonator 14. The second resonator 16 may be configured to radiate the electromagnetic wave received by the first resonator 14 with the first frequency band attenuated.

[0022] The reference conductor 18 may be arranged between the first resonator 14 and the second resonator 16 on the substrate 12. The reference conductor 18 may be, for example, at the center of the first resonator 14 and the second resonator 16 on the substrate 12, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The reference conductor 18 may be, for example, at a position where the distance between the reference conductor 18 and the first resonator 14 is different from the distance between the reference conductor 18 and the second resonator 16. The reference conductor 18 has a through hole 18a through which the connection line 20 passes. The reference conductor 18 is configured to surround at least a portion of the connection line 20.

[0023] The connection line 20 may be formed of a conductor. The connection line 20 is located between the first resonator 14 and the second resonator 16 in the Z-axis direction. The Z-axis direction may be referred to as, for example, a first direction. The connection line 20 may be connected to each of the first resonator 14 and the second resonator 16. The connection line 20 passes through the through hole 18a but does not contact the reference conductor 18. The connection line 20 may be configured to be magnetically or capacitively connected to each of the first resonator 14 and the second resonator 16, for example. The connection line 20 may be configured to be electrically connected to each of the first resonator 14 and the second resonator 16, for example. The connection line 20 is connected to a side of the first resonator 14 that is parallel to the X-axis direction, and is connected to a side of the second resonator 16 that is parallel to the X-axis direction. The connection line 20 may be a path that is parallel to the Z-axis direction. The connection line 20 may be a third resonator. That is, the unit structure 10 can be expressed by an equivalent circuit including three LC resonant circuits. The unit structure 10 may be configured to be expressed by an equivalent circuit including, for example, three or more LC resonant circuits.

[0024] The unit structure 10 is configured to combine the first resonator 14 and the second resonator 16 by magnetically or capacitively connecting them or electrically connecting them. By combining the three resonators, the unit structure 10 is configured so that high frequency waves excited by electromagnetic waves incident on the first resonator 14 are transmitted through the composite resonator. The unit structure 10 can perform one or more functions of a phase shift, a band-pass filter, a high-pass filter, and a low-pass filter depending on the transmission characteristics of the composite resonator.

[0025] The unit structure 10 is configured to change the phase of an electromagnetic wave incident on the first resonator 14 and emit it from the second resonator 16. The amount of phase change varies depending on the length of the connection line 20. The amount of phase change also varies depending on the area of ​​the first resonator 14 or the second resonator 16.

[0026] The antenna element 3 is formed around the arrayed unit structures 10 in the XY plane. The antenna element 3 may be formed of a conductor. The antenna element 3 is configured to receive electromagnetic waves in a second frequency band different from electromagnetic waves in a first frequency band used by a base station and a communication device for data communication. Specifically, the antenna element 3 is configured to receive electromagnetic waves in a frequency band lower than the first frequency band. For example, the antenna element 3 is configured to receive electromagnetic waves in a band of several tens to several hundreds of MHz (megahertz). The antenna element 3 is configured to receive a control signal for controlling the composite antenna 1 in order to improve the radio wave environment including the reception sensitivity of a communication device that communicates with a base station via the composite antenna 1. The antenna element 3 has a length L1 of a portion parallel to the X axis and a length L2 of a portion parallel to the Y axis. The total length (L1+L2) of the antenna element 3 is configured to be, for example, λ / 4 or λ / 2 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves received by the antenna element 3.

[0027] The control signal received by the antenna element 3 may be, for example, a signal for controlling the gimbal to change the relative angle between the composite antenna 1 and the base station when the composite antenna 1 is attached to a support device having a gimbal mechanism.

[0028] The control signal received by the antenna element 3 may be, for example, a signal indicating the magnitude of the voltage to be applied to the unit structure 10 when the unit structure 10 of the composite antenna 1 has a structure in which the resonant frequency can be changed depending on the magnitude of the applied voltage.

[0029] The antenna port 4 is provided between the antenna element 3 and the reference conductor 18. Specifically, the antenna port 4 is provided between the antenna element 3 and the reference conductor 18 at the end of the portion of the antenna element 3 that is parallel to the X-axis. The antenna element 3 is electromagnetically connected to the reference conductor 18 via the antenna port 4. That is, the reference conductor 18 can function as a ground conductor for the antenna element 3.

[0030] The antenna port 4 is electromagnetically connected to a control device (not shown) that transmits and receives control signals from a base station. The control device may be disposed, for example, on the reference conductor 18. Power is supplied to the antenna element 3 from the control device via the antenna port 4.

[0031] That is, the composite antenna 1 has a structure that integrates a function of reflecting or transmitting electromagnetic waves in a first frequency band in a specific direction and a function of receiving electromagnetic waves in a second frequency band that is lower than the first frequency band. This eliminates the need to configure an antenna that receives electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band with another antenna, and allows the composite antenna 1 to be made smaller.

[0032] [First Modification of the First Embodiment] A configuration example of a complex antenna according to a first modified example of the first embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a complex antenna according to a first modified example of the first embodiment.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 3, a composite antenna 1a differs from the composite antenna 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that an antenna element 3a is directly connected to a reference conductor 18 and in the position where an antenna port 4 is provided.

[0034] An end of the portion of antenna element 3a parallel to the X-axis is directly connected to reference conductor 18. An end of the portion of antenna element 3a parallel to the Y-axis may be directly connected to reference conductor 18, for example.

[0035] The antenna port 4 is provided on a side surface of the antenna element 3a in a portion parallel to the X-axis, between the antenna element 3a and the reference conductor 18. The antenna port 4 may be provided on a side surface of the antenna element 3a in a portion parallel to the Y-axis, between the antenna element 3a and the reference conductor 18.

[0036] [Second Modification of the First Embodiment] A configuration example of a complex antenna according to a second modified example of the first embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a complex antenna according to a second modified example of the first embodiment.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 4, composite antenna 1b differs from composite antenna 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that antenna element 3b has two antenna elements, antenna element 3b1 and antenna element 3b2, and in the position where antenna port 4 is provided.

[0038] The antenna elements 3b1 and 3b2 are formed on the upper part of the reference conductor 18. The longitudinal direction of the antenna elements 3b1 and 3b2 is formed parallel to the X-axis. The antenna elements 3b1 and 3b2 are arranged in series along the X-axis. The antenna elements 3b1 and 3b2 are not in contact with the reference conductor 18.

[0039] The length of antenna element 3b1 is L3. The length of antenna element 3b2 is L4. Length L3 and length L4 may be the same or different. The total length (L3+L4) of antenna element 3b is configured to be, for example, λ / 4 or λ / 2 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave received by antenna element 3b.

[0040] The antenna elements 3b1 and 3b2 may be formed, for example, on the right side of the reference conductor 18. In this case, it is sufficient that the longitudinal direction of the antenna elements 3b1 and 3b2 is parallel to the Y-axis. In this case, it is sufficient that the antenna elements 3b1 and 3b2 are arranged in series in parallel along the Y-axis.

[0041] The antenna port 4 is provided between the antenna element 3b1 and the antenna element 3b2. The antenna port 4 is connected to the antenna element 3b1 and the antenna element 3b2. The antenna port 4 is not in contact with the reference conductor 18. That is, in the second modified example of the first embodiment, the antenna element 3b1, the antenna element 3b2, and the antenna port 4 are separated from the reference conductor 18. Power is supplied from the control device to the antenna element 3b1 and the antenna element 3b2 via the antenna port 4.

[0042] [Third Modification of the First Embodiment] A configuration example of a complex antenna according to a third modified example of the first embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a complex antenna according to a third modified example of the first embodiment.

[0043] As shown in FIG. 5, a composite antenna 1c differs from the composite antenna 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that an antenna element 3c has a different shape and that the composite antenna 1c is provided with two antenna ports, an antenna port 4c1 and an antenna port 4c2.

[0044] The antenna element 3c is formed on the upper part of the reference conductor 18. The antenna element 3c is formed so that its longitudinal direction is parallel to the X-axis. The length of the antenna element 3c in the longitudinal direction is L5. The length L5 is configured to be, for example, λ / 4 or λ / 2 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave received by the antenna element 3c.

[0045] The antenna port 4c1 and the antenna port 4c2 are provided on the upper part of the reference conductor 18. The antenna port 4c1 and the antenna port 4c2 are provided between the reference conductor 18 and the antenna element 3c. The antenna element 3c is electromagnetically connected to the reference conductor 18 via the antenna port 4c1 and the antenna port 4c2.

[0046] For example, the antenna port 4c1 and the antenna port 4c2 are supplied with a control signal that can handle polarized waves in different directions. For example, the antenna port 4c1 is supplied with a control signal that can handle polarized waves in the X-axis direction. For example, the antenna port 4c2 is supplied with a control signal that can handle polarized waves in the Y-axis direction.

[0047] For example, the antenna port 4c1 and the antenna port 4c2 are supplied with a control signal that can handle electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands. For example, the antenna port 4c1 is supplied with a control signal that can handle electromagnetic waves of a relatively high frequency band. For example, the antenna port 4c2 is supplied with a control signal that can handle electromagnetic waves of a relatively low frequency band.

[0048] [Second embodiment] A configuration example of the complex antenna of the second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the complex antenna of the second embodiment.

[0049] 6, the composite antenna 1d includes a radio wave refraction plate 2A, a surrounding conductor 5, a first coupling conductor 6-1, a second coupling conductor 6-2, a third coupling conductor 6-3, a fourth coupling conductor 6-4, and an antenna port 7. The composite antenna 1d has a thin structure with a length in the Z-axis direction of about 0.5 mm (millimeters), for example. The composite antenna 1d can function as an antenna.

[0050] The radio wave refraction plate 2A includes a plurality of unit structures 10 and a reference conductor 18A.

[0051] The reference conductor 18A may be configured to have both a function as the ground of the composite antenna 1d and a function as an antenna element. The reference conductor 18A may be configured to operate as a part of a resonator. That is, the reference conductor 18A may have a function as an antenna element that receives electromagnetic waves of a second frequency band different from electromagnetic waves of a first frequency band used for data communication between a base station and a communication device.

[0052] The surrounding conductor 5 may be made of a conductor. The surrounding conductor 5 may be configured to surround the arranged unit structures 10. The surrounding conductor 5 may be configured, for example, as a frame that follows the shape of the reference conductor 18A. The surrounding conductor 5 may function as a ground when the reference conductor 18A functions as an antenna.

[0053] A gap may be formed between the reference conductor 18A and the surrounding conductor 5. The reference conductor 18A and the surrounding conductor 5 are configured to be capacitively connected. The value of the capacitance generated between the reference conductor 18A and the surrounding conductor 5 varies depending on the medium in the gap and the facing area. The size of the gap between the reference conductor 18A and the surrounding conductor 5 and the size of the facing area may be appropriately adjusted depending on the desired resonance frequency. The medium between the reference conductor 18A and the surrounding conductor 5 may be appropriately adjusted depending on the desired resonance frequency. The reference conductor 18A and the surrounding conductor 5 may be configured to be connected by a capacitor. The capacitance of the capacitor may be appropriately adjusted depending on the desired resonance frequency.

[0054] The first coupling conductor 6-1, the second coupling conductor 6-2, the third coupling conductor 6-3, and the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 may be made of a conductor. Each of the first coupling conductor 6-1, the second coupling conductor 6-2, the third coupling conductor 6-3, and the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 may be configured to capacitively connect the reference conductor 18A and the surrounding conductor 5. The first coupling conductor 6-1, the second coupling conductor 6-2, the third coupling conductor 6-3, and the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 are formed at different corners of the first surface (upper surface) on which the reference conductor 18A is provided and the second surface (lower surface) facing the first surface in the Z-axis direction.

[0055] The first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 may be, for example, substantially square. The first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 may have different shapes. The first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 are each smaller than the reference conductor 18A. The first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 are configured to be electromagnetically connected to the surrounding conductor 5 via, for example, a through-hole conductor or the like.

[0056] The composite antenna 1d includes four coupling conductors, the first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4, but the present disclosure is not limited to this. The number of coupling conductors included in the composite antenna 1d may be more or less than four.

[0057] The first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 may be configured to be capacitively connected to the reference conductor 18A. Specifically, the first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 may be configured to be capacitively connected to the reference conductor 18A in opposition to each other in the Z-axis direction. The value of the capacitance generated between the reference conductor 18A and the first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 varies depending on the distance between the reference conductor 18A and the first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4. The distance between the reference conductor 18A and the first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 may be appropriately adjusted depending on a desired resonance frequency.

[0058] The antenna port 7 may be made of a conductor. The antenna port 7 may be provided, for example, on the same surface as the surface on which the first coupling conductor 6-1 to the fourth coupling conductor 6-4 are formed. The antenna port 7 may be located, for example, between the second coupling conductor 6-2 and the fourth coupling conductor 6-4. The position at which the antenna port 7 is located is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 6. The antenna port 7 may be configured such that, for example, one end is connected to the reference conductor 18A via a through-hole conductor or the like. The other end of the antenna port 7 is electromagnetically connected to a control device (not shown) that transmits and receives control signals from the base station. The control device may be disposed, for example, on the surrounding conductor 5.

[0059] [ Transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the first frequency band The transmission characteristics of the complex antenna according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the transmission characteristics of the complex antenna according to the third embodiment.

[0060] lineG1 shows a simulation result of the transmission characteristic when an electromagnetic wave of a first frequency band having a relatively high frequency, which arrives from the -Z-axis direction of the radio wave refraction plate 2A of the composite antenna 1d shown in Fig. 6, is transmitted in the +Z-axis direction. In Fig. 7, the horizontal axis shows frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis shows gain (dB). line As indicated by G1, the radio wave refraction plate 2A transmits electromagnetic waves well in the frequency band R from about 22.50 GHz to 27.50 GHz. That is, the radio wave refraction plate 2A can achieve good transmission characteristics for electromagnetic waves in the first frequency band even when the reference conductor 18A functions as an antenna element that receives electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band, which has a relatively low frequency.

[0061] [Reflection characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band] The reflection characteristic of the complex antenna according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the reflection characteristic of the complex antenna according to the third embodiment.

[0062] line G2 is a figure 6 8 shows the results of a simulation of the reflection characteristics when reflecting electromagnetic waves of a second frequency band having a relatively low frequency that arrives from the -Z-axis direction of the surrounding conductor 5 of the composite antenna 1d shown in Fig. 8. In Fig. 8, the horizontal axis represents frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis represents gain (dB). line As shown by G2, the gain (reflection coefficient) of the surrounding conductor 5 is significantly reduced at frequencies near 0.89 GHz. This is because the composite antenna 1d is an antenna device having good characteristics when transmitting and receiving frequencies near 0.89 GHz. and That is, even when a plurality of unit structures 10 are arranged on the reference conductor 18A, the composite antenna 1d can achieve favorable reflection characteristics for electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band.

[0063] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the contents of these embodiments. The above-mentioned components include those that a person skilled in the art can easily imagine, those that are substantially the same, and those that are within the so-called equivalent range. Furthermore, the above-mentioned components can be appropriately combined. Furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, or modifications of the components can be made without departing from the gist of the above-mentioned embodiments. [Explanation of symbols]

[0064] 1. Composite Antenna 2. Radio wave refraction plate 3 Antenna elements 4,7 Antenna Ports 5 Surrounding conductor 6-1 First coupling conductor 6-2 Second coupling conductor 6-3 Third coupling conductor 6-4 Fourth coupling conductor 10 Unit Structure 12 Substrate 14 1st resonator 16 Second resonator 18 Reference conductor 20 Connecting Lines

Claims

1. A plurality of unit structures arranged in a first surface direction; a reference conductor that serves as a reference potential for the plurality of unit structures; an antenna element provided around the arranged unit structures and electromagnetically connected to the reference conductor; Including, The unit structure is a first resonator extending in the first plane direction; a second resonator spaced apart from the first resonator in a first direction and extending in the first plane direction; a connection portion that magnetically or capacitively connects the first resonator and the second resonator in the first direction; A composite antenna including:

2. 2. The composite antenna of claim 1, the plurality of unit structures are configured to reflect or transmit electromagnetic waves of a first frequency band from a base station in a specific direction; A composite antenna, wherein the antenna elements are configured to receive electromagnetic waves including a control signal in a second frequency band from the base station, the second frequency band being different from the first frequency band.

3. 3. The composite antenna according to claim 2, A composite antenna, wherein the control signal includes control information for improving the radio wave environment of a communication device that communicates with the base station using radio waves in the first frequency band reflected or transmitted in a specific direction by a plurality of the unit structures.

4. 4. The composite antenna according to claim 2 or 3, A composite antenna, wherein the length of the antenna element is λ / 2 or λ / 4, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the second frequency band.

5. A composite antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A composite antenna having an antenna port between the reference conductor and the antenna element, the antenna port being connected to the reference conductor and the antenna element.

6. A plurality of unit structures arranged in a first surface direction; a reference conductor that serves as a reference potential for the plurality of unit structures; a surrounding conductor surrounding the arranged unit structures and capacitively connected to the reference conductor; Including, The unit structure is a first resonator extending in the first plane direction; a second resonator spaced apart from the first resonator in a first direction and extending in the first plane direction; a connection portion that magnetically or capacitively connects the first resonator and the second resonator in the first direction; an antenna port connected between the reference conductor and the surrounding conductor; A composite antenna including:

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