Door opening and closing mechanism for machine tools

Abstract

To improve workability by enabling adaptation to even work to open only an operation door while having advantages by an interlocking mechanism.SOLUTION: A door opening / closing mechanism 30 of a machine tool includes an operation door 12 and an intermediate door 11 which are operated to be opened and closed, and is provided with an interlocking mechanism 31 which interlocks the intermediate door 11 with the opening and closing of the operation door 12 between the operation door 12 and intermediate door 11 and also provided with a slide rail 32 which enables the operation door 12 to be opened and closed independently by a predetermined distance A between the operation door 12 and interlocking mechanism 31, wherein while the operation door 12 enters independent opening / closing operation by the slide rail 32 when the operation door 12 is operated within the movement distance A to be opened and closed, the intermediate door 11 enters into interlocking opening / closing operation by the interlocking mechanism 31 when the operation door 12 enters into the opening / closing operation exceeding the movement distance A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a door opening and closing mechanism that opens and closes an opening provided in a cover of a machine tool. [Background technology]

[0002] The cover of the machine tool is provided with an opening for carrying out setup work, cleaning, and the like. A door is provided in the opening, and can be opened or closed manually or automatically. As an opening and closing mechanism for this door, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose an invention in which the upper ends of two door bodies are connected to a chain stretched between sprockets, and one door body is opened and closed by interlocking the sliding of the other door body. Patent Document 3 discloses a structure in which a support plate supporting a roller that rolls on the upper surface of a rail is provided on the upper part of one door, and a drive plate that abuts on the upper part of the roller is provided on the upper part of the other door, so that the sliding of one door is interlocked with the other door. Patent Document 4 discloses a structure in which a first rack is fixed to the upper side of the opening, a pinion that meshes with the rack is provided on the upper part of one door, and a second rack that meshes with the pinion is fixed on the upper part of the other door, so that the other door is moved in the same direction in conjunction with the movement of one door. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 7-40050 [Patent Document 2] JP 2013-99803 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2014-223688 A [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-262741 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the interlocking mechanisms disclosed in the above Patent Documents 1 to 4, multiple doors open and close simultaneously, which shortens the time required for opening and closing. However, as the number of doors increases, the sliding resistance also increases, so manual opening and closing reduces the operator's workability. Using a cylinder or other device to automatically open and close the doors improves workability, but leads to increased costs. On the other hand, in machine tools, there are cases where an operator works with only the first door (operating door) open, but the interlocking mechanism cannot handle such cases, resulting in unnecessary movement of the door.

[0005] Therefore, the present disclosure aims to provide a door opening and closing mechanism for a machine tool that provides the benefits of a linkage mechanism while also being able to handle tasks that only require opening the operating door, improving operability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a door opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing a plurality of doors in a machine tool having a cover that opens and closes an opening portion, the door opening and closing mechanism comprising: The plurality of doors include an operation door that is operated to open and close, and at least one intermediate door, and a linkage mechanism that links the intermediate door to the opening and closing of the operation door is provided between the operation door and the intermediate door, and a slide mechanism that allows the operation door to be opened and closed independently by a predetermined moving distance is provided between the operation door and the linkage mechanism, The interlocking mechanism uses a rack and pinion mechanism, The slide mechanism is a slide rail formed by connecting a plurality of rails so as to be movable relative to each other in a longitudinal direction, When the operation door is opened or closed within the moving distance, the slide rail The operating door opens and closes independently by the movement of the movable member, while when the operating door is opened or closed beyond the moving distance, the intermediate door opens and closes in conjunction with the movable member by the interlocking mechanism. Another aspect of the present disclosure is a mechanism for preventing a door from moving when the door is opened, the mechanism comprising: a movable side rack provided on the operation door side; a fixed side rack provided on the cover side; a first pinion provided on the intermediate door side and meshing with the movable side rack; and a second pinion coaxial with the first pinion, provided on the intermediate door side and meshing with the fixed side rack; The slide is provided between the operation door and the moving rack. rail The present invention is characterized in that: Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present disclosure, when only the operation door is operated to partially open the opening, the sliding rail Since only the sliding resistance of the slide is required, the operator does not have to bear the load. rail After the operation of the first door, the intermediate door is linked by the linkage mechanism, so even if there are multiple doors, they can be operated simultaneously. Therefore, while enjoying the benefits of the linkage mechanism, it is also possible to handle work that only opens the operating door, improving workability. Also The interlocking mechanism uses a rack and pinion mechanism, which allows for a space-saving interlocking mechanism. In addition, the moving door and the middle door can slide smoothly. According to another aspect of the present disclosure, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, the rack-and-pinion mechanism includes a moving-side rack provided on the operation door side, a fixed-side rack provided on the cover side, a first pinion provided on the intermediate door side and meshing with the moving-side rack, and a second pinion coaxial with the first pinion and provided on the intermediate door side and meshing with the fixed-side rack, and a sliding mechanism is provided between the operation door and the moving-side rack. rail Since the pinion is provided with a gear, the amount of movement between the operation door and the intermediate door can be easily changed by changing the reduction ratio of the two pinions. rail By adjusting this, the travel distance of the operating door can be easily set. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of a cover of the machine tool. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the door opening and closing mechanism portion of FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a pinion shaft portion. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is an explanatory plan view showing the opening and closing operations of the operating door and the intermediate door, in which (A) shows the closed position of the opening, (B) shows the intermediate position, and (C) shows the fully open position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a cover of a machine tool. The cover 1 has a top plate 2 and a front plate 3, and is box-shaped to cover a machining area of ​​the machine tool (not shown) from above. An outer cover 4 is provided to the rear and sides of the cover 1. A partition cover 5 is provided to the right of the cover 1 to separate it from the machine tool. An opening 10 (FIG. 4) is formed on the front side of the cover 1, spanning the top plate 2 and the front plate 3. In the opening 10, a middle door 11 located on the inside and an operation door 12 located on the outside of the middle door 11 are provided so as to be slidable in the left-right direction. First, the intermediate door 11 has an inverted L shape in a side view, and includes an inner upper plate portion 13 that is provided on the top plate 2 and parallel to the top plate 2, and an inner front plate portion 14 that is formed downward from the front end of the inner upper plate portion 13 and parallel to the front plate 3. An inner window 15 is formed in the inner front plate portion 14. 2 and 3, an inner rail 16 having an inverted U-shaped cross section with an open bottom is attached in the left-right direction to the rear end surface of the inner upper plate portion 13. A left guide plate 17 and a right guide plate 18 rising upward are formed continuously in the left-right direction at the rear end of the opening 10 in the top plate 2. The upper end of the right guide plate 18 is formed higher than the left guide plate 17. The inner rail 16 engages with the left guide plate 17 from above.

[0010] The operation door 12 has an inverted L-shape in side view, and includes an outer upper plate portion 20 provided parallel to the top plate 2 above the inner upper plate portion 13 of the intermediate door 11, and an outer front plate portion 21 formed downward from the front end of the outer upper plate portion 20 and provided parallel to the front plate 3 in front of the inner front plate portion 14 of the intermediate door 11. An outer window 22 is formed in the outer front plate portion 21. A handle 23 is provided in the vertical direction on the right side of the outer window 22. An outer rail 24 having an inverted U-shaped cross section and an open bottom surface is attached in the horizontal direction to the rear end surface of the outer upper plate portion 20. The outer rail 24 engages with the right guide plate 18 from above. 4(A), the operation door 12 is restricted from sliding to the right at a position where the outer front plate portion 21 abuts against the vertical frame 6 of the cover 1 that partitions the right end of the opening 10. The outer upper plate portion 20 of the operation door 12 is formed so as to have a smaller left-right width than the outer front plate portion 21 and the inner upper plate portion 13 of the intermediate door 11, and at the position where the outer front plate portion 21 abuts against the vertical frame 6, it abuts against the partition cover 5 to close the upper side of the opening 10. The outer front plate portion 21 is slightly larger left-right than the inner front plate portion 14 of the intermediate door 11.

[0011] A door opening / closing mechanism 30 for opening and closing both doors 11, 12 is provided behind the middle door 11 and the operation door 12. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the door opening / closing mechanism 30 includes an interlocking mechanism 31 that interlocks the middle door 11 with the opening and closing action of the operation door 12, and a slide rail 32 that enables the operation door 12 to be opened and closed independently. The interlocking mechanism 31 is a rack-and-pinion mechanism including a pinion shaft 33, a fixed-side rack 34, and a movable-side rack 35. The pinion shaft 33 is provided on the inner rail 16 of the middle door 11. A bracket 36 that protrudes rearward is fixed to the left end of the rear surface of the inner rail 16, and the pinion shaft 33 is supported rotatably facing upward at the rear end of the bracket 36. A small-diameter upper pinion 37 is coaxially fixed to the upper side of the pinion shaft 33, and a lower pinion 38 that is larger in diameter than the upper pinion 37 is coaxially fixed to the lower side. The fixed-side rack 34 is fixed onto the top plate 2 behind the pinion shaft 33. A support plate 39 is fixed to the top plate 2 in the left-right direction, and the fixed-side rack 34 is attached to the upper surface of the support plate 39 in the left-right direction with its tooth surface facing forward. The tooth surface of the fixed-side rack 34 meshes with the lower pinion 38.

[0012] The moving side rack 35 is fixed to the outer rail 24 of the operation door 12 via the slide rail 32. The slide rail 32 includes a front rail 40, a rear rail 41, and an intermediate rail 42 between the front rail 40 and the rear rail 41, and connects the rails 40 to 42 so that they can move relative to each other in the longitudinal direction. Here, the front rail 40 is attached in parallel to the rear surface of the outer rail 24 of the operation door 12. The rear rail 41 is attached in parallel to the front surface of the moving side rack 35 with the tooth surface facing rearward. The tooth surface of the moving side rack 35 meshes with the upper pinion 37. In the slide rail 32, the front rail 40, rear rail 41, and intermediate rail 42 are engaged with each other by stoppers (not shown) in a contracted state in which the slide rail 32 overlaps in a front view and is at its shortest in the left-right direction. When a force exceeding this engagement force is applied in the left-right direction, the stoppers come off and the rails 40 to 42 become movable relative to each other in the left-right direction.

[0013] In the door opening / closing mechanism 30 configured as above, when the intermediate door 11 and the operating door 12 that close the opening 10 are in the closing position, the intermediate door 11 is located on the left side of the opening 10 and the operating door 12 is located on the right side of the opening 10, and the adjacent ends overlap each other, as shown in Figures 1 and 4(A). At this time, the pinion shaft 33 is located near the right end of the fixed side rack 34, and the lower pinion 38 is meshed with the fixed side rack 34. The movable side rack 35 protrudes to the right of the fixed side rack 34, and the upper pinion 37 is meshed with the left end. The slide rail 32 is in an extended state in which the intermediate rail 42 protrudes to the right of the rear rail 41, and the front rail 40 protrudes to the right of the intermediate rail 42. When the operator grips the handle 23 and slides the operation door 12 to the left from this closed position, the slide rail 32 is contracted so that the front rail 40 and the middle rail 42 slide to the left and overlap the rear rail 41, as shown in Fig. 4(B). Since the moving side rack 35 does not slide to this middle position, the interlocking mechanism 31 does not operate and the middle door 11 does not slide. Therefore, the opening 10 is partially opened by the amount by which the operation door 12 has slid (movement distance A in Fig. 4(B)).

[0014] When the operation door 12 is slid to the right from the intermediate position in Fig. 4(B), the moving side rack 35 slides to the right via the slide rail 32, causing the upper pinion 37 to rotate left in a plan view. However, in the intermediate door 11, the inner rail 16 abuts against the left end of the left guide plate 17 and the right guide plate 18, restricting sliding to the right, so the stopper of the slide rail 32 is released and the intermediate rail 42 and front rail 40 extend to the right. Therefore, only the operation door 12 can be slid to the closed position in Fig. 4(A).

[0015] On the other hand, when the operation door 12 is slid to the left from the intermediate position in Fig. 4(B), the movable side rack 35 slides to the left integrally via the slide rail 32. Thus, in the interlocking mechanism 31, the upper pinion 37 rotates to the right in a plan view, and the lower pinion 38 also rotates to the right via the pinion shaft 33. Then, the lower pinion 38 rolls to the left along the fixed side rack 34, causing the middle door 11 to slide to the left in conjunction. However, the amount of movement of the middle door 11 is smaller than the amount of movement of the operation door 12. The difference in the amount of movement is determined according to the reduction ratio between the upper pinion 37 and the lower pinion 38. 4(C), when the middle door 11 slides until it abuts against a stopper portion (not shown) provided on the cover 1, the operation door 12 also slides a movement distance B from the middle position to a fully open position where the outer upper plate portion 20 overlaps with the left side of the inner upper plate portion 13 of the middle door 11. In this state, the entire surface of the opening portion 10 is open.

[0016] When closing the opening 10 from the fully open position, the operation door 12 is slid to the right in the opposite manner to the above. Then, the slide rail 32 remains in the contracted state, and the movable rack 35 slides to the right together with the operation door 12. Thus, in the interlocking mechanism 31, the upper pinion 37 rotates left in a plan view, and the lower pinion 38 also rotates left via the pinion shaft 33. Then, the lower pinion 38 rolls to the right along the fixed rack 34, and the middle door 11 also slides to the right in interlocking manner. The amount of movement of the middle door 11 at this time is also smaller than the amount of movement of the operation door 12. When the operating door 12 reaches the intermediate position (the position where the intermediate door 11 blocks the left side of the opening 10), the inner rail 16 abuts against the left end of the left guide plate 17 and the right guide plate 18, restricting the sliding. If the sliding of the operating door 12 continues from here, the stopper of the slide rail 32 is released, and the intermediate rail 42 and the front rail 40 are extended, allowing the operating door 12 to slide to the blocking position shown in FIG. 4(A).

[0017] In this manner, the door opening / closing mechanism 30 of the above form includes an operating door 12 and an intermediate door 11 which are operated to open and close, and an interlocking mechanism 31 is provided between the operating door 12 and the intermediate door 11 for interlocking the intermediate door 11 with the opening and closing of the operating door 12, and a slide rail 32 (slide mechanism) is provided between the operating door 12 and the interlocking mechanism 31 which enables the operating door 12 to be opened and closed independently by a predetermined moving distance A, so that when the operating door 12 is opened or closed within the moving distance A, the slide rail 32 causes the operating door 12 to open and close independently, whereas when the operating door 12 is opened or closed beyond the moving distance A, the interlocking mechanism 31 causes the intermediate door 11 to open and close in conjunction with the operating door 12. According to this configuration, when only the operable door 12 is operated to partially open the opening 10, the force required is only the sliding resistance of the slide rail 32, so no burden is placed on the operator. On the other hand, when the opening 10 is fully opened, the intermediate door 11 is linked by the interlocking mechanism 31 after the slide rail 32 contracts, so even if there are multiple doors, they can be operated simultaneously. Therefore, while enjoying the benefits of the interlocking mechanism 31, it is also possible to handle the task of opening only the operable door 12, improving operability.

[0018] In particular, the interlocking mechanism 31 uses a rack and pinion mechanism. This allows the interlocking mechanism 31 to be formed in a space-saving manner. In addition, the operation door 12 and the intermediate door 11 can slide smoothly. The rack and pinion mechanism includes a movable side rack 35 provided on the operating door 12 side, a fixed side rack 34 provided on the cover 1 side, an upper pinion 37 (first pinion) provided on the intermediate door 11 side and meshing with the movable side rack 35, and a lower pinion 38 (second pinion) coaxial with the upper pinion 37, provided on the intermediate door 11 side and meshing with the fixed side rack 34, and a slide rail 32 is provided between the operating door 12 and the movable side rack 35. Therefore, by changing the reduction ratio of both pinions 37, 38, it is possible to easily change the amount of movement between the operation door 12 and the intermediate door 11. In addition, by adjusting the length of each rail of the slide rail 32, the movement distance A of the operation door 12 can also be easily set.

[0019] Modifications of the present disclosure will be described below. In the above embodiment, the movable rack is disposed on the upper side and the fixed rack is disposed on the lower side, but the movable rack may be disposed on the lower side and the fixed rack on the upper side. In this case, the diameter of the pinion (reduction ratio) is also reversed. The structure of the slide rail is not limited to the above. The number and length of the rails can be changed as appropriate. Structures other than slide rails can also be used as the slide mechanism. There may be a plurality of intermediate doors. In this case, a corresponding pinion shaft is provided for each intermediate door. In the above embodiment, the operating door and the intermediate door are inverted L-shaped when viewed from the side, but the shape of the doors is not limited to this. For example, the present disclosure can be applied to doors that are rectangular when viewed from the front by adopting a door opening / closing mechanism with a pinion shaft in the front-rear direction above the doors. Furthermore, the shape of the cover and the position and shape of the opening are not limited to the above. [Explanation of symbols]

[0020] 1··Cover, 2··Top plate, 3··Front plate, 6··Vertical frame, 10··Opening, 11··Middle door, 12··Operating door, 13··Inner upper plate, 14··Inner front plate, 16··Inner rail, 17··Left guide plate, 18··Right guide plate, 20··Outer upper plate, 21··Outer front plate, 24··Outer rail, 30··Door opening / closing mechanism, 31··Interlocking mechanism, 32··Slide rail, 33··Pinion shaft, 34··Fixed side rack, 35··Movable side rack, 37··Upper pinion, 38··Lower pinion, 40··Front rail, 41··Rear rail, 42··Middle rail, A, B··Travel distance of operating door.

Claims

1. A door opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the plurality of doors in a machine tool having a cover that opens and closes an opening portion, comprising: The plurality of doors include an operation door that is operated to open and close, and at least one intermediate door, and a linkage mechanism that links the intermediate door to the opening and closing of the operation door is provided between the operation door and the intermediate door, and a slide mechanism that allows the operation door to be opened and closed independently by a predetermined moving distance is provided between the operation door and the linkage mechanism, The interlocking mechanism uses a rack and pinion mechanism, The slide mechanism is a slide rail formed by connecting a plurality of rails so as to be movable relative to each other in a longitudinal direction, A door opening and closing mechanism for a machine tool, characterized in that when the operating door is opened or closed within the travel distance, the operating door opens or closes independently via the slide rail, while when the operating door is opened or closed beyond the travel distance, the intermediate door opens or closes in conjunction with the operating door via the interlocking mechanism.

2. the rack-pinion mechanism includes a moving-side rack provided on the operation door side, a fixed-side rack provided on the cover side, a first pinion provided on the intermediate door side and meshing with the moving-side rack, and a second pinion provided coaxially with the first pinion and meshing with the fixed-side rack, 2. The door opening and closing mechanism for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the slide rail is provided between the operation door and the moving rack.

Images