Position detection device for hydraulic or electrohydraulic drives and device having position detection means

Abstract

The present invention provides a position sensing device for a hydraulic or electrohydraulic drive, and a device having position sensing means. [Solution] A device (10) for detecting the rotational or linear position of a drive unit, in particular a hydraulically or electrohydraulically driven movable unit, functions safely under extreme ambient conditions such as cryogenic temperatures and when there is a risk of explosion, the device comprising a plurality of switches (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) arranged adjacent to one another in a line, in which a movable unit (1) performs a rotational or linear movement relative to a fixed unit (2), a switching unit (3) arranged on the fixed unit (2), and an actuating member (4) for directly or indirectly actuating the switches (31 to 35) of the switching unit (3) depending on the relative position of the movable unit (1), the actuating member (4) being arranged in accordance with the number of switches (31 to 35) of the switching unit (3). The device has a plurality of switch triggers (41, 42, 43, 44, 45), the switch triggers (41-45) being assigned to the switches (31-35) through their juxtaposition and / or arrangement between the movable part (1) and the fixed part (2) so that a determined and clear combination of switch positions of the switches (31-35) is given to each relative position between the movable part (1) and the fixed part (2) in each case, and a control module is provided with an evaluation part, and the control module stores codes of the switch positions of the switches (31-35) relative to the relative position of the movable part (1) of the device.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention relates to a device for position detection of the rotary or linear position of a drive, in particular a hydraulic or electrohydraulic drive, which drive functions safely even under extreme ambient conditions, such as, for example, at very low temperatures and in the presence of explosion hazards. The position detection means of the invention in particular relate to a hydraulic drive with a moving part which performs a rotary or linear movement along a defined movement path, the rotary or linear position of which is detected as accurately as possible by the device of the invention. Such a device for position detection is also designed as a sensor or position transmitter for the position of such a drive with a moving part, such as a rotating shaft or a drive shaft. [Background technology]

[0002] In the prior art, for example for detecting the rotational position of such devices or fittings, the use of potentiometers or other sensors which detect the rotational position continuously is known. With such potentiometers, each position of the movable part of the drive is detected continuously and output for further processing. For many hydraulic drives, such potentiometers which detect the complete movement are usually used, for example for operating doors or ball valves. They are therefore accurate, but are also often susceptible to interference. On the other hand, it is known to detect in each case only the end positions of the movement path of such hydraulic drives with corresponding position end switches, but in that case information about the relative positions in the intermediate positions of the movement path between the initial position and the end position is lost. This leads to drawbacks and limitations with regard to the control and regulation of such hydraulically driven valves.

[0003] There are also application areas where position detection of such movable parts of the drive is no longer possible with electric potentiometers and often results in a breakdown, leading to very inaccurate control and regulation of the drive. At extremely low temperatures, for example at least -55°C in polar regions, hydraulic drives for actuating members of doors, valves or ball valves can usually still function sufficiently, but they often can no longer be fully and accurately adjusted or controlled, since information about the relative positions of the movable drive parts, such as shafts or moving rods, is lost. The relative positions of the movable parts of rotating shafts or linear displacement parts for rotary movements are often no longer determined accurately enough. At extreme temperatures, the exact position of the movable parts of the drive often differs due to changes in the viscosity of the hydraulic oil or changes in the ambient conditions. Also, in other very harsh ambient conditions, such as high temperatures, explosion hazards, etc. and combinations thereof, normal electric position sensors, such as potentiometers, often no longer function sufficiently alone. And on the other hand, when a breakdown occurs, position detection is no longer possible at all. On the other hand, this can lead to very inaccurate data in detecting the rotational or actual position of the displaceable movable part of the drive unit and thus to corresponding damage in incorrectly adjusted doors or valves, such as ball valves. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hydraulic or electrohydraulic drive, and a device for detecting the rotational or linear position of a movable part of such a drive, having position detection means by which a safe detection and sufficiently accurate position determination of the movable part of the drive in each operating position is possible, even under extreme ambient conditions, such as cryogenic temperatures, for example as low as -55° C. The device according to the invention furthermore makes it possible to reproduce as accurately as possible the actual location and position on the path of movement, with the least possible technical effort and with a relatively compact structure.

[0005] This object is solved by a device having the features of claim 1 and by a drive having the features of claim 17. Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] According to the invention, a device is provided for detecting the position of a rotational or linear position of a movable part of a drive, in particular of a hydraulic or electrohydraulic drive, which drive functions safely even under extreme ambient conditions, for example at very low temperatures or in the presence of an explosion hazard, the movable part performing a rotational or linear movement movement relative to a fixed part, the device comprising a switching part arranged on the fixed part comprising a plurality of switches arranged in a row adjacent to one another, and an actuating member for direct or indirect actuation of the switches of the switching part according to the relative position of the movable part, the device being characterized in that the actuating member has a plurality of switch triggers or actuating triggers corresponding to the number of switches of the switching part, the switch triggers being respectively assigned to the switches through their juxtaposition and / or arrangement between the movable part and the fixed part, such that a combination of switch positions of the switches in each relative position between the movable part and the fixed part is in each case categorically and unambiguously given, and a control module is provided with an evaluation part, in which control module a code of each switch position of the switches corresponding to the relative position of the movable part of the drive is stored. Effect of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, in order to obtain the most accurate position detection result even at intermediate positions on the movement path of the drive, the device of the invention uses a plurality of simple switches of the switching part, which are operatively connected to a switch trigger arranged on the opposite side of the actuating member. The invention therefore provides a quasi-continuous and interference-free position detection for such a drive. The switch trigger is arranged in such a way that during the displacement of the drive, a different assignment of the switches of the switching part in each case corresponding to a given circuit diagram can be safely switched. Here, the switch trigger is provided, for example, with a predefined arrangement, shape or form, so that in each case of the different switches, one is connected with the other with a categorical and unambiguous combination of switch positions in each position of the movable part of the drive. The predefined and unambiguous assignment of the combination of switch positions to the (actual) relative position of the movable part of the drive is stored in the code according to the invention in the control module, so that based on each switch position or combination of switch positions, the actual position of the corresponding drive can be detected very accurately without the need for an electrical continuous sensor such as a potentiometer. In the device according to the invention, the actuating member connected to the movable part enables detection of a number of different positions of the drive part in a structurally very simple and robust manner, and the actuating member switches different switches correspondingly depending on the position by means of corresponding switch triggers.

[0008] Then, by means of the different switch positions, the actual location and position based on the code stored in the control module can be determined with high functional safety at several separate and distant position points of the movement path. Thus, the invention allows a quasi-continuous detection of the relative position of the displaceable movable part of the drive without the electrical truly non-stop continuous measurement provided by potentiometers or other such sensors. The simple use of a series of switches with assigned switch triggers on the actuating members associated by the drive with which the movable parts of the hydraulic drive are linked still functions safely even in extreme conditions such as extremely low temperatures of at least -55°C in polar regions, for example on ships. The solution according to the invention also provides a structurally very simply constructed and relatively compact shape of the fail-safe means for improved position detection. The switching part and the actuating member can be very close to each other due to their very small dimensions. It is therefore easy to mount devices on such drives or valves.

[0009] Such an assignment between the switch position of the changeover part according to the invention and the relative position of the drive part can be a linear, constant assignment or an assignment which varies along the path of movement. For example, the switch trigger of the actuating member can be formed in such a way that different position points, narrower or wider than one another, are detected along the path of movement of the hydraulic drive part. For example, the actuating member can be formed with a switch trigger which has a narrow detection sequence at neural critical points of the displacement of the drive part. Such variants of the invention can be realized as examples of advantageous embodiments and can be produced as examples in which the switch trigger and the actuating member are connected to the movable part by non-constant gears. The gears can be replaced by a gear train with a constant pitch diameter, for example with a transmission ratio which varies along the pitch diameter, for example by a rotating shaft which is arranged offset relative to the pitch circle of the gear element. Alternatively, different types of coupling gears can be used instead, with an increase or decrease in the detection resolution of the path of movement within a selected range. In such advantageous embodiments according to the invention, the switch trigger of the actuating member does not have to be further changed in terms of its arrangement relative to the switch. Depending on the shape or arrangement of the actuating member itself, different ranges of detection accuracy of the path of movement of the drive part can be obtained.

[0010] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the switches of the changeover part are simple switches with a changeover function in the form of a changeover switch or a multiple switch. The switches of the changeover part according to the invention are therefore structurally simply formed switches, which are therefore very robust and resistant to any kind of interference. Each switch can be realized, for example, as a simple changeover switch with a single on-off switch position. Various possibilities arise for such switches, for example toggle switches, push switches or other forms of switches which can be activated mechanically in a direct way or indirectly by a contactless switch trigger depending on the displacement of the drive part. Also according to the invention, simple switches with multiple changeover functions with several changeover points in the switch can be used. In this way, the drive part can be realized in a much more compact structural shape, since more switch positions and combinations of switch positions are provided for coding and detecting the position of the drive part, compared to a changeover switch with only a simple on-off function.

[0011] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the switch comprises a switch area or switch member for displacement by a direct contact switch trigger, which can be formed as a switch lever, a cam roller or a cam of a cam track (cam rod) or a component realized in any other form, which is located opposite and interacts with a switch area or switch member of the switch in a corresponding shape or position for actuation of the switching part. In this way, a functionally safe position detection without interference is possible even under extreme external conditions.

[0012] In this respect, according to another further embodiment of the invention, the switch is a switch that can be actuated without contact or a contactless switch. The switch can be provided, for example, as a so-called reed contact, a Hall sensor, an inductive switch or a capacitive switch. Contactless actuation has the advantage, depending on the application, that no direct contact is required between the switch trigger of the actuating member and the switch itself. The switch trigger and the actuating member can therefore also be arranged at a predefined distance from the actual switching part. This has a different and further advantage, since in this way mechanical disturbances due to contamination etc. are also avoided.

[0013] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the actuating member is mechanically connected directly to the movable part with respect to the movement of the drive. The direct mechanical connection between the actuating member and the movable part of the drive, such as for example a drive shaft or a drive rod of a hydraulic drive for fittings, can be for example by corresponding gear connections, gears, splined shafts or similar mechanical connection means well known to the person skilled in the art. In this way, the device can very accurately detect the corresponding movement path and position of the drive. For example, in a movement path set between an initial position and an end position, the device can detect a position corresponding to the intermediate position of the switch obtained respectively by detecting the code of the control by means of an actuating member with a switch trigger. However, the device can also be used instead to set an unrestricted movement path of a rotary drive of a rotary shaft for a hydraulic drive, for example. The direct mechanical connection between the actuating member and the movable part of the drive according to the invention makes it possible to achieve a very accurate detection of the position in each case by simple means, without the need for fully continuous measuring electrical means such as potentiometers.

[0014] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the actuating member is formed in the form of a camshaft or cam roller with a number of different cams as switch triggers for the various switches by contacting cams. According to the invention, the actuation of such switches is triggered by a cam of a specific shape on the cam roller. The camshaft or cam roller can thus be formed very compactly, for example with a different shape and a different number of cams. For example, for the first and second switches, a single cam projection on the cam roller can be provided in each case with either the on or off position of the switch over one complete revolution of the cam roller, and for the third, fourth or fifth switch in each case two, three or even eight cam projections are formed on one circumferential cam with a corresponding number of switchings. Such a cam roller can generate a combination of several possible positions of the switch in a very compact manner according to the invention. The number of positions for position detection is thereby comparatively large. The actuating member has a switch trigger which is thereby very compact and is nevertheless formed very simply in the form of a number of cams arranged in various shapes on the camshaft with a very accurate and quasi-continuous detection of the movement.

[0015] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the changeover section with a number of switches is a homogenous section with a number of switches which are grouped in a section and arranged above or adjacent to one another and in each case mounted in a predefined position. In this way, a so-called combined switch tower or changeover section is realized with single switches arranged directly or adjacent to one another in each case. The location and position of the switches is thus reliably determined. The changeover section can be simply installed or replaced in the event of a fault. It is likewise possible to arrange a number of such grouped changeover sections on one and the same moving section of the drive as blocking elements, so that a kind of redundancy is possible for the detection of the position of the drive. The fault safety of the position detection is thus even further increased. Furthermore, the grouping of a single switch in each changeover section has the advantage that it facilitates installation and dismantling and allows a very compact constructional shape of the sensor means.

[0016] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the codes of the various switch positions or combinations of switch positions of the switches in the control module of the drive with respect to the rotational or linear position of the movable part of the drive are stored in the form of a Gray code. With such a Gray code, the assignment of the combinations of switch positions of the switches to the respective relative positions of the drive can be stored in a relatively simply formed control device. The Gray code allows the conversion of a number of simple binary switch positions of the individual switches into a code depending on the actual position of the drive. The Gray code can also be simply stored in a memory element of the control of the drive according to the invention for each constructional embodiment of the drive and the corresponding switches of the changeover part. Also other types of codes can be used within the scope of the invention to achieve an unambiguous assignment of the respective movement movements of the drive to the various switch positions or combinations of switch positions of the switches of the changeover part.

[0017] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, in the control module of the switch position of the switch, the code represents a quasi-continuous image of different individual position points of a predefined movement path of the drive. The drive thus allows a quasi-continuous detection of the relative position on the defined movement path. Here, the code is provided and stored in such a way that one position point corresponding to a predefined position represents the movement path as accurately as possible and sufficiently for the application in each case. Thus, by using the solution according to the invention, a sufficiently reliable and accurate alternative for a completely continuous position detection is available. The invention is not limited to the simple field of application of such hydraulic drives, but can also be advantageously used in relatively extreme ambient conditions such as very high temperatures, very low temperatures, explosion hazards, etc. and combinations thereof. The predefined movement path according to the invention can be, for example, the displacement between an initial position and an end position of the drive or of the fitting. In the case of a flap fitting, this is, for example, the open or closed position of the door.

[0018] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the code in the control module of the drive represents position points regularly distributed on a predefined movement path of the drive with respect to the switch position of the switch. The position points regularly distributed on a predefined movement path of the drive are thus obtained at relatively regular intervals from one another. Thus, a complete and accurate picture of the regularly distributed movement positions on the movement path can be achieved by the invention for the detection of the actual position of the hydraulic drive.

[0019] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the code of the switch position of the switch in the control module represents the changing positions of the movable part of the drive along the movement path of the drive. This representation of the changing arrangement and position points of the drive allows specific / targeted advantageous embodiments of the control and regulation of the drive to be realized. In a given application, for example the position close to the end point is more important than during the initial range of the movement path. In this range the position detection points of the switch therefore have a denser arrangement. In this way, with the device according to the invention a precision that is more adapted to the objectives of the respective application can be achieved.

[0020] The detection accuracy of the device according to the invention (which varies along the travel path) can be achieved, for example, by arranging the actuating member offset to the axis of rotation during the adjustment of the rotation. The actuating member can also form different types of switch triggers, which allow different strong trigger moments or release torques of the detection of the travel path at different positions of the travel path. Alternatively, a non-uniform distribution of the switch triggers of the actuating member can be provided, which allows such further advantages with regard to the detection accuracy (which varies along the travel path) of the adjustment position of the hydraulic drive.

[0021] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, an evaluation circuit is provided in the control module of the device, which allows an extrapolation from the position of the movable part relative to the fixed part on the basis of previously detected switch positions of the switches. By means of such an extrapolation module, an accurate prediction of the control module can be achieved even for future positions of the hydraulic drive, without the need for positions already reached. By means of such a module, a kind of forward-looking control and regulation of the drive can be realized in order to reliably avoid erroneous switching and damage to the drive.

[0022] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, two or more switching units with a plurality of respective switches are provided on the movable part or on an element of the device directly mechanically connected to the movable part. The device according to this embodiment therefore has a plurality of switching units for an even further improved detection of the respective position of the hydraulic drive. With the additional switching units also a kind of redundancy or double effect is obtained, so that detection is still reliably guaranteed even in the event of a switch or switching unit failure. With such a plurality of switching units further advantages can be obtained from a technical point of view, i.e. a kind of comparison between different switch positions, for example to directly correct inaccuracies or to increase the number of detection points in the case of different arrangements.

[0023] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the actuating member has a switch trigger in the respective switch based on a non-mechanical triggering technique, in particular a fluidic, electrical or magnetic actuation. Such an indirect actuation of the switch by the actuating member, not directly mechanical, has further advantages in certain application environments, for example in environmental areas with greater shocks, vibrations, fire risks, high heat or electromagnetic radiation, in this way certain applications of position detection of hydraulic drives can be achieved sufficiently safely and nevertheless realized in their structure relatively simply, without the need for truly continuous potentiometers or the like. In certain areas where the individual parts of the switch and the switch trigger cannot always be easily brought into contact with each other without interference, indirect non-mechanical triggering techniques may also be required. Even in such environments, the advantageous quasi-continuous position detection according to the invention can be realized in this way.

[0024] According to a further advantageous embodiment according to the invention, the actuating member, the switch trigger, or the switch itself, comprises friction-reducing means, which may in particular comprise a roller, one of these elements being a sliding member, also coated on the contact surface. This friction reduction has the advantage that the position detection can be carried out without any maintenance required and without interference for a long period of time. This friction reduction has the further advantage of allowing a smooth triggering action of the switch. The switches are thus reliably fixed in each predefined adjustment position, which is an advantage in particular in the case of multiple switches.

[0025] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a mechanical connection in the form of a gear or in the form of a toothed or cogwheel member is provided between the drive member of the movable part and the actuating member provided on the fixed part. Such a direct mechanical connection ensures the transmission of the relative position between the drive member of the hydraulic drive and the transmission member for position detection by means of the device according to the invention. In this way, the actuating member is directly connected to the hydraulic drive and its movable part, thereby ensuring a reliable direct transmission of information regarding the respective current position. Other indirect mechanical connections, such as by means of a gear or cogwheel member, are likewise possible.

[0026] Also according to the invention, according to claim 17, a hydraulic or electrohydraulic drive is proposed for actuating fittings, in particular doors, ball valves or valves, by relative movement of a movable part of the drive to a fixed part of the drive, in particular along a defined movement path between an open position and a closed position, characterized in that the drive includes a device for position detection of the rotational or linear position for the movable part of the drive as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the invention in this respect, the drive is a hydraulic drive for the rotary movement of a rotating fitting, such as a door, a ball valve or a valve, the movable part of the drive is a rotating drive shaft and a device for position detection is mounted between the drive shaft and a fixed part of the drive.

[0028] Further features, aspects and advantages of the present invention are explained in more detail below using various embodiments of the invention with reference to the attached drawings and the figures contained therein. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a device for position detection according to the invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of the device for position detection according to the invention in FIG. [Figure 3-1]FIG. 3-1 shows a cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a device according to the invention for position detection of the rotational position of a hydraulic drive. [Figure 3-2] Fig. 3-2(a) is a perspective view showing details of an actuating member of the position detector according to Fig. 3-1, and Fig. 3-2(b) to (e) are views showing various cross-sectional views of a cam roller as an example of the actuating member of the position detector according to the present invention according to the embodiment of Fig. 3-1. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows a table of a further embodiment of a position detector according to the invention for illustrating the codes for the combinations of switch positions and drive positions stored in the control module in Gray code format. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The drawings in figures 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a device 10 according to the invention for position detection of the rotational position of a hydraulic drive. The device 10 comprises a switching unit 3, which in this embodiment comprises five switches 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, together in the form of a so-called switch tower or switching unit. The switching unit 3 is attached to a fixed part 2, for example a housing part or a flange part of the hydraulic drive. The switching unit 3 is connected to an actuating member 4 for actuating the switches 31-35, which is mechanically connected directly or indirectly to a movable part 1 of the hydraulic or electrohydraulic drive. A rotational movement of a control part, for example a drive shaft of the hydraulic drive, is thereby mechanically converted into an actuating member 4, for example a gear combination, a gearing or a splined shaft. In case of a displacement of the hydraulic drive, the actuating member 4 is actuated together with a corresponding translation movement of the drive.

[0031] The rotary motion of the movable part 1 (rotary shaft drive) in this embodiment is directly transmitted to a kind of camshaft 6 or cam roller through the connection with the movable part 1 of the drive part by a large gear meshed with a small gear on the camshaft 6. The camshaft 6 in this embodiment has five switch triggers 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, or switch actuating devices in the form of cams of different shapes on the camshaft 6, corresponding to the number of switches 31-35, or at the corresponding positions of the switches 31-35. The switch triggers 41-45 in this embodiment are directly attached to the changeover part 3 on the opposite side to the switches 31-35 and are directly connected thereto by friction reducing means 5, for example rollers, for switching the switches 31-35. During the rotation of this actuating member 4 in the form of a camshaft 6, the switches 31-35 are switched on or off differently in each case, so that at each position or place of the hydraulic drive part a distinct combination of switch positions of the switches 31-35 is provided. The switches 31 to 35 in this embodiment are simple changeover switches, that is, binary switches, and therefore have either an on or off position.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, an actuating member 4 in the form of a camshaft 6 has differently shaped cams as switch triggers 41-45. The first two switch triggers 41, 42 have a single cam projection on the circumference of the actuating member 4 for actuating the first two switches 31, 32, respectively, whereas the third switch trigger 43 has two cam projections, the fourth switch trigger 44 has four cam projections, and the fifth switch trigger 45 has eight cam projections on its circumference. This is also clear from the further description of Fig. 3-1 and Fig. 3-2(a)-(e), and these different shapes of switch triggers 41-45 of this embodiment of the actuating member 4 for the switching unit 3 can be easily recognized. The switches 31-35 of the switching unit 3 of this embodiment are simple changeover switches, with fixed and distinct switch combinations due to the different shapes of the switch triggers 41-45 at each rotation position of the rotating part 1 of the hydraulic drive. However, multiple switches with more than two switch positions can also be used. The switches are associated with and attached to the change-over part 3 in such a way that, in cooperation with the switch triggers 41-45 of the actuating member 4, they each have a distinct switch combination in a rotational position corresponding to the movable part 1 of the drive. Since this embodiment concerns simple change-over switches, in each rotational position the switches 31-35 are either switched on or off. For friction reduction at the ends of the switches which come into contact with the actuating member 4, a roller 5 is provided in each case as friction reducing means. For this type of actuation by the actuating member 4, the switches allow to clearly determine in each case a rotational position of the hydraulic or electrohydraulic drive, which corresponds to a code stored in a control module (not shown), as will be explained below.

[0033] In Fig. 4 an example of a Gray code for the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 3-1 is represented in the form of a table stored in the control module of the device 10. Due to the allocation and arrangement of the camshaft 6 in the form of cams of different shapes or the actuating members 4 in the form of cam rollers to the five switches 31 to 35, the switches 31 to 35 in each rotational position of 3.09° are in each case actuated in a clearly different combination. The five binary switches allow a total of 2 5(i.e. 32) possible signal reports are generated, which represent the corresponding rotational positions of the movable part 1 of the quasi-continuous hydraulic drive on its travel path, which are represented in Gray code in a table according to the example of FIG.

[0034] The device 10 according to the invention therefore allows a quasi-continuous and fail-safe detection of the position of the rotating parts of hydraulic or electrohydraulic drives, for example hydraulic drives for the actuation of ball valves and the like. Such fittings may also be used under extreme conditions, for example on ships or at drilling sites, and must allow a functionally safe operation even at extremely low temperatures, for example as low as -55°C. Conventional normal electric potentiometers for detecting the rotational position of the rotating drive parts of such hydraulic drives are no longer usable. They may fail or give incorrect sensor values. To counter this drawback, according to the invention, the rotational position is detected quasi-continuously by a combination of switch positions of the switches 31-35 of the changeover unit 3. For this, according to the invention, a special actuating member 4 is provided, which represents different but distinct combinations of switch positions according to the rotational or linear position of the movable part 1 of the drive. The switches 31-35 shown in the embodiment are simple changeover switches. This concerns a collective compartment or switch tower in the form of the changeover unit 3. The number of switches may also be greater than five. Also, instead of simple changeover switches with only one on / off position, the switches 31-35 may be switches with several switch positions, for example three-way switches or double alternating switches. With such a solution according to the invention, even more detection points can be realized by the code of the control module. The rollers 5 at the ends of the switches 31-35 shown in the embodiment provide a way of reducing friction and of safe functioning during actuation by the switch triggers 41-45 in the form of different cams of the cam roller 6 of the actuating member 4. However, the rollers 5 can also be omitted.

[0035] Instead of direct mechanically coupled switches 31-35, according to the invention, contactless switches, for example reed contacts, Hall sensors, inductive switches or capacitive switches can also be provided. For this purpose, corresponding alternative forms of switch triggers 41-45 are provided, which, according to the invention, are likewise directly or indirectly coupled to the movable part 1 of the drive, for example a rotating shaft or a straight rod for the displacement of a fitting. Even in the case of such a form of non-direct mechanical coupling by contactless switches, the allocation of the various positions of the movable part 1 by the multiple switches 31-35 of the switching part 3 in the control module is determined by special coding and can be reliably detected in various extreme ambient conditions.

[0036] The device 10 according to the invention for position detection has the advantage that it functions safely without malfunctions even in extreme conditions such as very low or very high temperatures, as well as in the case of shocks, vibrations, fire or electromagnetic radiation, etc., and also guarantees fail-safe regulation and control of such hydraulic or electrohydraulic drives on the basis of the quasi-continuous position detection on the path of movement. According to an advantageous variant in this respect, at least the electric or electronic components of the device 10 are particularly protected with respect to ambient conditions such as fire, shocks, electromagnetic radiation, etc. The electronic components, in particular the control module for storing the code between the switch positions of the switches 31-35 of the switching unit 3 and the position of the path of movement of the movable part 1 of the drive, can also be obtained by correspondingly protected casing parts, shielding or an arrangement spaced apart from the actual hydraulic drive. In this way, disturbances in the operation of the device for position detection in such extreme ambient conditions, caused by failure of individual electronic or electrical components, are prevented. In particular, according to the invention, the control module with the evaluation unit and the switches 31-35 of the switching unit 3 are correspondingly specially protected from such extreme external ambient conditions.

[0037] In the embodiment shown in the drawings, a device 10 according to the invention for detecting the rotational position of a drive shaft of a hydraulic drive, for example a door displacement fitting, is shown. However, the device 10 according to the invention can also be used for detecting the linear position of linearly movable parts of such drives. The actuating member 4 is then preferably a half-rewound cam roller or a cam shaft or a corresponding cam rod, which cooperates with the corresponding switches based on the arrangement and assignment of the actuating member to the switch triggers 41-45. Or alternatively other switch triggers are used. Also for such an embodiment, by means of the code stored in the control module, an unambiguous assignment of positions to combinations of switch positions of the switches 31-35 of the switching unit 3 is ensured in order to detect an unambiguous position of the drive, which corresponds to the actual current position and location of the drive.

[0038] Instead of a Gray code as shown in figure 4, other types of codes and assignments in the control module between the switch positions of the switches 31-35 of the switching unit 3 and the actual locations of the movable part 1 of the drive unit can be used. This assignment and code must be ensured very clearly, in this embodiment only, so that each position of the movable part 1 of the drive unit reflects a clear combination of switch positions of the switches 31-35.

[0039] Such a code according to this embodiment of the invention according to the Gray code has the advantage that at each switching point, always only one switch changes its switch position. Position changes of the switches or switch members, e.g. errors in manufacturing and assembly, bearing clearances, thermal expansion, etc., can thus be tolerated and do not affect the measurement result. Other coding schemes, in which at least two switches change their state at the switching points, are relatively prone to faults. However, according to the invention, it is also possible to use other forms of code. According to the invention, a pre-set, fixed assignment between the movement path of the movable part of the hydraulic drive and the switch positions of the switches of the switching part 3 is not absolutely necessary. It is also possible to provide the evaluation electronics of the control module with a kind of learning path or learning mode. Thereby, for example, the hydraulic drive is displaced together with the movable part 1 from the first end position A to the second end position B, after which the respective assignment of the positions of the switch triggers of the switching parts or actuating members to the codes is correspondingly adapted again and stored. In this way, purely mechanical and relatively costly adjustments and alignments of the measuring system can be avoided. Such learnability of the control module also allows variations of the invention to be realised, since extrapolation to adjustment positions not yet detected is more easily possible.

[0040] The actuation of the actuating member 4 by the switch triggers 41-45 can also be performed indirectly and non-mechanically. For example, these could be electrical or fluidic actuation of the switches in the form of a kind of remote control, or different forms of actuation of the switches 31-35. These particular embodiments of the invention provide additional advantages in extreme ambient conditions. However, a direct mechanical connection via the actuating member 4 with the switch triggers 41-45 which directly switch the switches 31-35 is preferred in many applications.

[0041] The form and shape of the cams as the switch triggers 41-45 of the camshaft 6 may be different from those shown in the embodiment. For example, the cams may have rounded ridges and recesses of different shapes. Also, instead of cams, the switch triggers 41-45 may be simple protrusions, recesses or protrusions that cooperate with corresponding members in the switches 31-35 for switching the switches of the switching unit 3.

Claims

1. Operates safely under extreme ambient conditions, including cryogenic temperatures and explosive environments; A device (10) for position detection of the rotational position of a movable part of a hydraulic or electrohydraulic drive, comprising: The device has a movable part (1) that rotates relative to a fixed part (2). A switching unit (3) including a plurality of switches (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) arranged adjacent to each other in a line and arranged on the fixed unit (2); an actuating member (4) for directly or indirectly actuating the switches (31 to 35) of the switching unit (3) in accordance with the relative position of the movable unit (1); Equipped with the actuating member (4) has a plurality of switch triggers (41, 42, 43, 44, 45) corresponding to the number of the switches (31 to 35) of the switching unit (3); said switch triggers (41-45) are respectively assigned to said switches (31-35) by their juxtaposition and / or arrangement between said movable part (1) and said fixed part (2) such that a combination of switch positions of said switches (31-35) in each relative position between said movable part (1) and said fixed part (2) is categorically and unambiguously given in each case, a control module is provided which comprises an evaluation unit, in which codes of switch positions of each of the switches (31-35) for said combinations of switch positions corresponding to the relative position of the movable part (1) of the drive are stored; The device, characterized in that

2. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the switches (31-35) are switches with a simple switching function in the form of change-over switches or multiplex switches.

3. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the switches (31-35) comprise switch areas or members for displacement by the switch triggers (41-45) in direct contact therewith.

4. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the switches (31-35) are switches that can be operated without contact or are contactless switches.

5. Device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the actuating member (4) is directly mechanically connected to the movable part (1) for a translation movement of the drive part.

6. The device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the actuating member (4) comprises a number of different cams on a cam roller (6) as the switch triggers (41-45), the cams contacting the switches (31-35).

7. The device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the switching section (3) is a homogenous section comprising a number of switches (31 to 35) mounted in predefined positions above or adjacent to one another.

8. The device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the codes of the switch positions of the switches (31-35) with respect to the rotational or linear position of the movable part (1) of the drive are stored in the control module in the form of a Gray code.

9. The device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the switch position codes of the switches (31-35) in the control module represent position points distributed quasi-continuously on a predetermined movement path of the drive.

10. The device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the switch position codes of the switches (31-35) in the control module represent position points distributed at regular intervals on a predetermined movement path of the drive.

11. The device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the switch position codes of the switches (31-35) in the control module represent changing positions of the movement path of the movable part (1) of the drive along the movement path of the drive.

12. An apparatus (10), characterized in that an evaluation circuit is provided in the control module, The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, enabling extrapolation from a position of the movable part relative to the fixed part based on previously detected switch positions of the switches (31-35).

13. A device (10) described in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in each of the movable part (1) or each of the components of the device (10) mechanically directly connected to the movable part (1), two or more switching parts (3) are provided with a plurality of switches (31 to 35).

14. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating member (4) comprises a switch trigger (41-45) based on a non-mechanical triggering technology, including fluid technology, electrical or magnetic actuation.

15. The device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the switch trigger (41-45) or the switch (31-35) of the actuating member (4) comprises means (5) for reducing friction comprising a roller or a sliding member.

16. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a mechanical connection in the form of a gear, a toothed member or a cogwheel is provided between a drive member of the movable part (1) and the actuating member (4) provided on the fixed part (2).

17. A hydraulic or electrohydraulic drive for actuating a door, a ball valve or a fitting including a valve along a movement path between an open position and a closed position by relative movement of the movable part (1) of the drive part with respect to the fixed part (2), The drive, characterised in that it comprises a device (10) for rotational or linear position detection for the movable part (1) of the drive according to any one of the preceding claims.

18. The drive is a hydraulic drive for the rotary movement of a rotary fitting including a door, a ball valve or a valve, The movable part (1) of the drive unit is a rotary drive shaft, 18. Drive part according to claim 17, characterized in that the device (10) is mounted between the drive shaft and a fixed part (2) of the drive part.

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