Flame-retardant fabric and protective clothing using same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a flame-retardant fabric which contains polyimide fibers and one or more kinds of regenerated cellulose fibers that are selected from the group consisting of acrylic fibers, flame-retardant rayon fibers and lyocell fibers, wherein: from 26% by weight to 79% by weight of acrylic fibers, from 18% by weight to 48% by weight of regenerated cellulose fibers, and from 3% by weight to 26% by weight of polyimide fibers are contained; the polyimide fibers have a fiber length of from 45 mm to 127 mm; and the char length as determined by a flammability test in accordance with GB / T 5455 (1997) is 50 mm or less. The present invention also relates to protective clothing which uses this flame-retardant fabric. Consequently, the present invention provides: a flame-retardant fabric which has a short char length in a flammability test, thereby having good flame retardancy; and protective clothing which uses this flame-retardant fabric.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a flame-retardant fabric and a protective suit using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Accidents such as fires can occur at workplaces such as petroleum, petrochemical, coal mines, power plants, and welding, and accidents such as dust explosions can occur at workplaces such as metal processing. Therefore, protective clothing worn at such workplaces is required to be flame retardant.

[0003] Various configurations have been proposed as flame-retardant protective suit fabrics. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a fabric mainly made of aramid fibers such as para-aramid fibers and meta-aramid fibers. However, aramid fibers are expensive, which is an obstacle to the widespread use of safe products. On the other hand, Patent Document 2 describes a flame-retardant fabric containing modacrylic fibers, cellulose fibers, and polyimide fibers. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2014-525520 [Patent Document 2] China Patent Application Publication No. 105926097 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in the case of the flame-retardant fabric described in Patent Document 2, the char length may be long in a combustion test, and further improvement in flame retardancy is required.

[0006] The present invention provides a flame-retardant fabric having a short char length in a combustion test and good flame retardancy, and a protective garment using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention relates to a flame-retardant fabric comprising one or more regenerated cellulose fibers selected from the group consisting of acrylic fibers, flame-retardant rayon fibers, and lyocell fibers, and polyimide fibers, the flame-retardant fabric comprising 26 to 79% by weight of acrylic fibers, 18 to 48% by weight of regenerated cellulose fibers, and 3 to 26% by weight of polyimide fibers, the polyimide fibers having a fiber length of 45 to 127 mm, and a char length of 50 mm or less as measured by a flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997.

[0008] The present invention also relates to a protective suit comprising the flame-retardant fabric. Effect of the Invention

[0009] The present invention can provide a flame-retardant fabric having a short char length in a combustion test and good flame retardancy, and a protective garment using the same. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] The inventors of the present invention have repeatedly studied how to improve the flame retardancy of a flame retardant fabric containing acrylic fibers, cellulose fibers, and polyimide fibers. As a result, the inventors have surprisingly found that by making a fabric contain a predetermined amount of acrylic fibers, flame retardant rayon fibers and / or lyocell fibers, and polyimide fibers, and by making the fiber length of the polyimide fibers 45 to 127 mm, when a combustion test is performed using the fabric, the char length is shortened, specifically, to 50 mm or less. In particular, the inventors have found that by making the fiber length of the polyimide fibers 45 mm or more, even when the content of polyimide is small, the char length of the fabric in the combustion test is shortened, specifically, to 50 mm or less. In the present invention, the "char length" can be measured by a flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997. In the present invention, GB means the Chinese national standard.

[0011] Specifically, the present inventors have found that in a flame-retardant fabric made of spun yarn containing acrylic fiber, flame-retardant rayon fiber and / or lyocell fiber, and polyimide fiber, when the blending amounts of each fiber are similar, by setting the fiber length of the polyimide fiber to 45 to 127 mm, the char length in a combustion test is significantly shortened and the flame retardancy is significantly improved. Conventionally, in order to improve the flame retardancy of a flame-retardant fabric, the type of fiber that imparts flame retardancy to the fabric and the blending amount thereof have been adjusted, and it is a breakthrough to find that the fiber length of the fiber affects the flame retardancy. In a fabric, particularly a fabric using spun yarn, the flame retardancy is improved and the char length of the fabric in a combustion test is significantly shortened by adjusting the fiber length of the polyimide fiber to a predetermined range, which is an innovative means unexpected to those skilled in the art.

[0012] The flame-retardant fabric contains 26 to 79% by weight of acrylic fiber, 18 to 48% by weight of regenerated cellulose fiber selected from the group consisting of flame-retardant rayon fiber and lyocell fiber, and 3 to 26% by weight of polyimide fiber. From the viewpoints of cost and flame retardancy, the flame-retardant fabric preferably contains 44.5 to 79% by weight of acrylic fiber, 18 to 48% by weight of regenerated cellulose fiber selected from the group consisting of flame-retardant rayon fiber and lyocell fiber, and 3 to 7.5% by weight of polyimide fiber.

[0013] Specifically, the flame-retardant fabric may be made of a spun yarn containing 26 to 79% by weight of acrylic fiber, 18 to 48% by weight of regenerated cellulose fiber selected from the group consisting of flame-retardant rayon fiber and lyocell fiber, and 3 to 26% by weight of polyimide fiber. From the viewpoint of cost and flame retardancy, the flame-retardant fabric is preferably made of a spun yarn containing 44.5 to 79% by weight of acrylic fiber, 18 to 48% by weight of regenerated cellulose fiber selected from the group consisting of flame-retardant rayon fiber and lyocell fiber, and 3 to 7.5% by weight of polyimide fiber. The spun yarn may be produced by a known spinning method. The spinning method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ring spinning, air spinning, and air jet spinning.

[0014] The polyimide fiber has a fiber length of 45 to 127 mm. If the fiber length of the polyimide fiber is 45 mm or more, the flame retardancy can be improved and the carbonization length of the fabric can be significantly shortened in a combustion test. If the fiber length of the polyimide fiber is 127 mm or less, a spun yarn can be produced using a general-purpose spinning device, and the productivity is good. From the viewpoints of flame retardancy and productivity of the spinning process, the fiber length of the polyimide fiber is preferably 45 to 76 mm, more preferably 45 to 64 mm, and even more preferably 45 to 55 mm.

[0015] The polyimide fiber is not particularly limited, and for example, a polyimide fiber made of a polyimide obtained by polymerizing a tetracarboxylic acid component and a diamine component can be appropriately used.

[0016] Examples of the tetracarboxylic acid component include tetracarboxylic dianhydrides. The tetracarboxylic dianhydride is not particularly limited, but for example, 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA), etc. can be suitably used. The tetracarboxylic dianhydride may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0017] Examples of the diamine component include a diisocyanate compound and a diamine compound. The diisocyanate compound is not particularly limited, but for example, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 2,5-toluene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, etc. can be suitably used. The diamine compound is preferably an aromatic diamine compound. The aromatic diamine compound is not particularly limited, but for example, paraphenylenediamine (PPD), 2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl (m-tolidine), 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA), 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine, etc. can be suitably used. The diamine component may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.

[0018] The flame-retardant fabric is not particularly limited, but from the standpoint of flame retardancy and cost, it preferably contains 3 to 7.5 wt %, more preferably 4 to 7 wt %, even more preferably 4.5 to 6.5 wt %, and particularly preferably 5 to 6.5 wt % of polyimide fibers.

[0019] As the polyimide fiber, for example, a commercially available product such as ASPI (registered trademark) polyimide fiber manufactured by China Jiangsu Aoshen Hi-Tech Materials Co., LTD may be used.

[0020] The acrylic fiber is preferably composed of an acrylonitrile copolymer obtained by copolymerizing 35 to 85% by weight of acrylonitrile with 15 to 65% by weight of other components. As the other components, from the viewpoint of flame retardancy, it is preferable to use, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of a halogen-containing vinyl monomer and a halogen-containing vinylidene monomer. The content of acrylonitrile in the acrylonitrile copolymer is more preferably 35 to 65% by weight. The content of the halogen-containing vinyl monomer and / or the halogen-containing vinylidene monomer in the acrylonitrile copolymer is more preferably 35 to 65% by weight. The acrylonitrile copolymer may further contain a monomer containing a sulfonic acid group. The content of the monomer containing a sulfonic acid group in the acrylonitrile copolymer is preferably 0 to 3% by weight.

[0021] The acrylonitrile-based copolymer preferably contains 35 to 85% by weight of acrylonitrile, 15 to 65% by weight of one or more halogen-containing monomers selected from the group consisting of halogen-containing vinyl monomers and halogen-containing vinylidene monomers, and 0 to 3% by weight of a monomer containing a sulfonic acid group, and more preferably contains 40 to 75% by weight of acrylonitrile, 24.5 to 60% by weight of one or more halogen-containing monomers selected from the group consisting of halogen-containing vinyl monomers and halogen-containing vinylidene monomers, and 0.5 to 3% by weight of a monomer containing a sulfonic acid group.

[0022] When the content of acrylonitrile in the acrylonitrile copolymer is 35 to 85% by weight, the fiber physical properties of the acrylic fiber become good, and further the physical properties of the flame-retardant fabric containing the same also become good.

[0023] When the content of the halogen-containing vinyl monomer and / or the halogen-containing vinylidene monomer in the acrylonitrile copolymer is 15 to 65% by weight, the flame retardancy of the acrylic fiber is good, and further, the flame retardancy of the flame-retardant fabric containing the acrylic fiber is also good.

[0024] The halogen-containing vinyl monomer is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, etc. The halogen-containing vinylidene monomer is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include vinylidene chloride, vinylidene bromide, etc. These halogen-containing vinyl and halogen-containing vinylidene monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0025] The monomer containing a sulfonic acid group is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include methacryloylsulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and salts thereof. In the above, examples of the salt include, but are not limited to, sodium salts, potassium salts, and ammonium salts. These monomers containing a sulfonic acid group may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The monomer containing a sulfonic acid group is used as needed, but if the content of the monomer containing a sulfonic acid group in the acrylonitrile copolymer is 3% by weight or less, the production stability of the spinning process is excellent.

[0026] The acrylic fiber preferably contains an antimony compound. The content of the antimony compound in the acrylic fiber is 3.9 to 20% by weight, preferably 4.2 to 18% by weight, more preferably 4.5 to 16% by weight, and further preferably 4.7 to 14% by weight, based on the total weight of the fiber. When the content of the antimony compound is within the above range, the char length in a combustion test tends to be shorter, and the afterglow time is also shorter.

[0027] The antimony compound is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of production stability in the spinning process, it is preferable that the antimony compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of antimony trioxide, antimony tetraoxide, and antimony pentoxide.

[0028] As the acrylic fiber, for example, from the viewpoint of strength and productivity of the spinning process, short fibers having a fiber length of 30 to 127 mm can be appropriately used, preferably 45 to 127 mm, more preferably 45 to 76 mm, and even more preferably 45 to 64 mm. The acrylic fiber preferably has a fiber length almost equal to that of polyimide fiber. This can improve spinnability and improve yarn quality such as strength, and thus the physical properties of the flame-retardant fabric can also be improved.

[0029] From the viewpoints of flame retardancy and heat resistance, the flame-retardant fabric contains preferably 44.5 to 65% by weight, more preferably 50 to 65% by weight, and even more preferably 50 to 60% by weight of the acrylic fibers.

[0030] The flame-retardant rayon fiber is preferably a rayon fiber containing a phosphorus-based flame retardant. The phosphorus-based flame retardant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include phosphate ester compounds, halogen phosphate ester compounds, condensed phosphate ester compounds, polyphosphate compounds, and polyphosphate ester compounds. The flame-retardant rayon fiber containing a phosphorus-based flame retardant is not particularly limited, and preferably contains 0.5% by weight or more of the phosphorus-based flame retardant relative to the total weight of the fiber, and more preferably contains 0.8% by weight or more of the phosphorus-based flame retardant. As the flame-retardant rayon fiber containing a phosphorus-based flame retardant, commercially available flame-retardant rayon such as "Lenzing FR (registered trademark)" manufactured by Lenzing Co., Ltd. and "JWELL FR (trademark)" manufactured by Jilin Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. may be used.

[0031] The flame-retardant fabric contains phosphorus in an amount of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0.4% by weight or more, more preferably 0.5% by weight or more, based on the total weight of the fabric. When the phosphorus content in the flame-retardant fabric is 0.3% by weight or more, the char length is likely to be shorter, and the flame retardancy is further improved. The upper limit of the phosphorus content in the flame-retardant fabric is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of shortening the char length of the flame-retardant fabric, it is preferable that the phosphorus content is 1.1% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the fabric. The phosphorus content in the flame-retardant fabric can be measured by fluorescent X-ray analysis.

[0032] In order to further improve flame retardancy, when the flame-retardant fabric contains acrylic fibers composed of acrylonitrile-based copolymers obtained by copolymerizing acrylonitrile and halogenated vinyl monomers, it is preferable that the flame-retardant fabric contains flame-retardant rayon fibers as the regenerated cellulose fibers.

[0033] The flame-retardant fabric contains the regenerated cellulose fibers in addition to the polyimide fibers and the acrylic fibers, and thus can have improved flame retardancy and excellent texture and moisture absorbency.

[0034] From the viewpoints of flame retardancy and texture, the flame-retardant fabric preferably contains 18 to 45% by weight, and more preferably 20 to 40% by weight, of the regenerated cellulose fibers.

[0035] As the flame-retardant rayon fiber and the lyocell fiber, for example, from the viewpoint of strength and productivity of the spinning process, short fibers having a fiber length of 30 to 127 mm can be appropriately used, preferably 45 to 127 mm, more preferably 45 to 76 mm, and even more preferably 45 to 64 mm. The flame-retardant rayon fiber and the lyocell fiber preferably have a fiber length approximately equal to that of the polyimide fiber. This can improve spinnability and enhance yarn quality such as strength, and thus improve the physical properties of the flame-retardant fabric. It is particularly preferable that the acrylic fiber, the flame-retardant rayon fiber, and the lyocell fiber have a fiber length approximately equal to that of the polyimide fiber.

[0036] The flame-retardant fabric may contain other fibers within a range that does not impair the object and effect of the present invention. Examples of the other fibers include conductive fibers, nylon fibers, and polyester fibers. The flame-retardant fabric may contain 5% by weight or less of the other fibers, 3% by weight or less, or 1% by weight or less.

[0037] The other fibers may be, for example, short fibers having a fiber length of 30 to 127 mm, preferably 45 to 127 mm, more preferably 45 to 76 mm, and even more preferably 45 to 64 mm, from the viewpoint of productivity in the spinning process. The other fibers preferably have a fiber length substantially equal to that of the polyimide fibers. This can improve spinnability and enhance yarn quality such as strength, and thus improve the physical properties of the flame-retardant fabric. It is particularly preferable that all fibers constituting the spun yarn have a fiber length substantially equal to that of the polyimide fibers.

[0038] In the flame-retardant fabric, from the viewpoint of strength, the single fiber fineness of each of the acrylic fiber, the flame-retardant rayon fiber, the lyocell fiber and the other fiber is preferably 1 to 20 dtex, more preferably 1.5 to 15 dtex.

[0039] The flame-retardant fabric is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of flexibility and touch, it is preferable that the fabric has a basis weight of 100 to 500 g / m 2 and more preferably 130 to 480 g / m 2 and more preferably 150 to 460 g / m 2 It is.

[0040] The form of the flame-retardant fabric is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include woven fabrics and knitted fabrics. From the viewpoint of durability and flame retardancy, woven fabrics are preferable. The weave of the fabric is not particularly limited, and it may be a three-pronged weave such as plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave, or a patterned fabric woven using a special weaving machine such as dobby or jacquard.

[0041] The flame retardant fabric has excellent flame retardancy, and has a char length of 50mm or less as measured by a flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997. If the char length is 50mm or less, it meets the A-class standard for the char length of "flame retardant protective clothing" specified in GB8965.1-2009. Preferably, the flame retardant fabric has a char length of 50mm or less as measured by a flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997 after washing 50 times according to GB / T 17596-1998.

[0042] In addition, the flame-retardant fabric has excellent flame retardancy, and preferably has a residual flame time of 2.0 seconds or less as measured by a flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997. More preferably, after 50 washes according to GB / T 17596-1998, the residual flame time is 2.0 seconds or less as measured by a flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997. If the residual flame time is 2.0 seconds or less, it meets the A or B class standard for the residual flame time of "flame-retardant protective clothing" specified in GB8965.1-2009. It is more preferable that the flame-retardant fabric has a char length of 50 mm or less and a residual flame time of 2.0 seconds or less, and it is particularly preferable that after 50 washes according to GB / T 17596-1998, the char length is 50 mm or less and the residual flame time is 2.0 seconds or less.

[0043] In addition, the flame-retardant fabric has excellent flame retardancy, and preferably has a flame after-time of 2.0 seconds or less as measured by a flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997. More preferably, after 50 washes according to GB / T 17596-1998, the flame after-time is 2.0 seconds or less as measured by a flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997. If the flame after-time is 2.0 seconds or less, it meets the A or B grade standard for the flame after-time of "flame-retardant protective clothing" specified in GB8965.1-2009.

[0044] The flame-retardant fabric of the present invention can be suitably used as a fabric for protective clothing that requires flame retardancy, and a protective suit that uses the flame-retardant fabric and has excellent flame retardancy can be provided at a low cost. The protective suit of the present invention can be manufactured by using the flame-retardant fabric and a known sewing method. Since the flame-retardant fabric has excellent flame retardancy, the protective suit of the present invention also has excellent flame retardancy. In addition, since the flame-retardant fabric has excellent flame retardancy even after repeated washing, the protective suit maintains its flame retardancy even after repeated washing. The protective suit of the present invention can be used as a protective suit for any work that requires flame retardancy. For example, but not limited to, it can be used as a protective suit worn at work sites where fires may occur, such as petroleum, petrochemical, coal mines, power, and welding, and as a protective suit worn at work sites where dust explosions are expected, such as metal processing. EXAMPLES

[0045] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, although the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0046] The following fibers were used in the examples and comparative examples. <Textile> The acrylic fiber I used was composed of an acrylic copolymer consisting of 49.5% by weight of acrylonitrile, 49.5% by weight of vinyl chloride, and 1.0% by weight of sodium styrenesulfonate, and contained 9.1% by weight of antimony trioxide relative to the total fiber weight. Acrylic fiber I: Fineness 1.7 dtex, fiber length 51 mm Flame-retardant rayon fiber: Lenzing FR manufactured by Lenzing, contains phosphorus-based flame retardant, fineness 2.2 dtex, fiber length 51 mm Lyocell fiber: Lenzing's "Tencel (registered trademark)", fineness 1.3 dtex, fiber length 51 mm Polyimide fiber I: "ASPI (registered trademark)" manufactured by China Jiangsu Aoshen Hi-Tech Materials Co., LTD, fineness 1.67 dtex, fiber length 51 mm Polyimide fiber II: "ASPI (registered trademark)" manufactured by China Jiangsu Aoshen Hi-Tech Materials Co., LTD, fineness 1.67 dtex, fiber length 38 mm

[0047] (Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1 to 3) The above-mentioned acrylic fiber, flame-retardant rayon fiber, lyocell fiber, and polyimide fiber were mixed in the amounts shown in Table 1 below to produce spun yarns with the cotton counts shown in Table 1 below. These spun yarns were used as warp and weft yarns to produce 2 / 1 twill fabrics by a conventional manufacturing method. The thread count was as shown in Table 1 below.

[0048] The flame retardancy of the fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was measured and evaluated as follows, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0049] (Flame retardant) Flammability tests were conducted based on GB / T 5455-1997 to measure the char length (length of the charred portion), after-flame time, and after-glow time of the fabrics. The flammability tests of the fabrics of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were conducted using fabrics that had been washed 50 times according to GB / T 17596-1998.

[0050] [Table 1]

[0051] As can be seen from the results in Table 1 above, the fabrics of Examples 1 to 3 had excellent flame retardancy, with char lengths of 50 mm or less measured in the flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997. On the other hand, the fabrics of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, which used polyimide fibers with fiber lengths of less than 45 mm, had poor flame retardancy, with char lengths of more than 50 mm measured in the flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant fabric comprising one or more regenerated cellulose fibers selected from the group consisting of acrylic fibers, flame-retardant rayon fibers, and lyocell fibers, and polyimide fibers; The flame-retardant fabric comprises 44.5 to 79% by weight of the acrylic fiber, 18 to 48% by weight of the regenerated cellulose fiber, and 3 to 8% by weight of the polyimide fiber; The polyimide fibers and the acrylic fibers each have a fiber length of 45 to 127 mm; A flame-retardant fabric characterized in that the char length measured by a flammability test based on GB / T 5455-1997 is 50 mm or less.

2. 2. The flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fiber length of the one or more regenerated cellulose fibers selected from the group consisting of flame-retardant rayon fibers and lyocell fibers is 45 to 127 mm.

3. 3. The flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the acrylic fiber is composed of an acrylonitrile copolymer containing 35 to 85% by weight of acrylonitrile, 15 to 65% by weight of one or more halogen-containing monomers selected from the group consisting of halogen-containing vinyl monomers and halogen-containing vinylidene monomers, and 3% by weight or less of a sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomer.

4. The flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the acrylic fiber contains 3.9 to 20% by weight of an antimony compound.

5. The flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the flame-retardant rayon fiber contains a phosphorus-based flame retardant.

6. The flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising 44.5 to 79% by weight of the acrylic fiber, 18 to 48% by weight of the regenerated cellulose fiber, and 3 to 7.5% by weight of the polyimide fiber.

7. The flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the regenerated cellulose fiber is a lyocell fiber.

8. The flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the acrylic fibers, the regenerated cellulose fibers and the polyimide fibers all have a fiber length of 45 to 64 mm.

9. 4. The flame retardant fabric according to claim 3, wherein the acrylonitrile copolymer comprises a halogen-containing vinyl monomer, and the regenerated cellulose fiber comprises a flame retardant rayon fiber.

10. The flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is a woven fabric.

11. A protective suit comprising the flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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