Rail fastening device and rail fastening method

Abstract

To provide a rail fastening device and a rail fastening method capable of easily changing a screw-fastening type rail fastening device to a non-screw-fastening type rail fastening device.SOLUTION: A rail fastening device 1 fastens a rail 3 to a bearing body 2. The rail fastening device 1 includes: a shaft member 4 which is inserted into and fixed to a hole part 9a of the bearing body 2; a spring member 5 which presses a rail bottom part 3b; and a frame member 6 which is inserted between a head part 4b of the shaft member 4 and the spring member 5 and has a cutout surrounding a shaft part 4a of the shaft member 4. The shaft member 4 is a shaft member of a non-screw-fastening type rail fastening device which is inserted into and fixed to the hole part 9a of the bearing body 2 after a shaft member 4c of a screw-fastening type rail fastening device 1a is removed. The rail fastening device 1 includes a protrusion 17 and a recess 18 which can be fitted in order to prevent a relative position of the frame member 6 with respect to the shaft member 4 from shifting.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a rail fastening device and a rail fastening method for fastening a rail to a support body. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, as a rail fastening device for fastening a rail to a support such as a sleeper, a screw-tightening type rail fastening device is used that fastens the rail to the support using a leaf spring, which is a spring member, and a bolt-nut fastener consisting of a male thread included in a shaft member and a female thread formed on the upper surface of the support.

[0003] Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 3-89701 (Patent Document 1) discloses a technology in which, in a leaf spring for a PC fastening device for elastically fastening rails used in a concrete sleeper support, part of the center of the leaf width of the leaf spring that directly contacts the top surface and sides of the bottom of the rail is drilled in contiguous with the long diameter side of the hole for the fastening bolt.

[0004] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2004-300691 (Patent Document 2) discloses a technology for a rail fastening device that fastens a rail to a support, which includes a fastening spring that presses down on the rail to fasten it, and a fastening member that tightens the fastening spring, and which includes a first spherical portion between the fastening spring and the fastening member and a second spherical portion that contacts the first spherical portion. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 3-89701 [Patent Document 2] JP 2004-300691 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In recent years, screwless rail fastening devices have come to be used in place of the screw-type rail fastening devices described above. When using screwless rail fastening devices, there is no need to maintain and manage the bolt and nut fasteners to prevent them from loosening after the rail is fastened to the support body, so compared to using screw-type rail fastening devices that require maintenance and management to prevent the bolt and nut fasteners from loosening, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost of maintenance work while still achieving the specified performance.

[0007] However, when changing from a screw-tightened rail fastening device to a screwless rail fastening device, it is necessary to replace the existing bearing (rail bearing) with a bearing such as a PC (Prestressed Concrete) sleeper equipped with a dedicated fastening mechanism, or to embed a dedicated insert in the existing bearing. Therefore, it was not easy to change from a screw-tightened rail fastening device to a screwless rail fastening device.

[0008] The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the conventional technology as described above, and has an object to provide a rail fastening device that fastens a rail, which does not require replacing an existing support body or embedding a dedicated insert in the existing support body, and can be easily changed from a screw-tightening type rail fastening device to a non-screw-tightening type rail fastening device. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The present invention solves the above problems by the means described below. In addition, although the present invention will be described with reference to corresponding reference numerals, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. The invention of claim 1 is shown in Figs. ,Figure 6,Figure 7 As shown in Figs. 9 to 12, a rail fastening device for fastening a rail (3) to a support body (2) includes an axis member (4) inserted into and fixed to a hole (9a) in the support body, and a spring member (5) for pressing a bottom portion (3b) of the rail, The support is inserted into the hole of the support and fixed. Between the head (4b) of the shaft member and the spring member , from the side Inserted R The frame member (5) is a screw-type rail fastening device (1a). Fastening bolt (4c) The shaft member of the non-screw type rail fastening device (1) is inserted into the hole of the support body from which the shaft member is removed and fixed. the law of nature , The frame member has a notch for inserting the shaft member open toward the outer periphery, and the flat lower surface (14b) of the frame member is in contact with the flat plate-shaped portion (5e) of the spring member. The screw-tightening type rail fastening device presses the spring member (5i) that presses down on the bottom of the rail with the head (4b) of the fastening bolt having a male thread portion that screws into the female thread portion (9b) of the hole portion of the support body, and the non-screw-tightening type rail fastening device presses the spring member with the frame member. The rail fastening device (1) is characterized by the above.

[0010] The invention of claim 2 is a rail fastening device as described in claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an engageable convex portion (17) and concave portion (18) in order to prevent the relative position of the frame member with respect to the shaft member from shifting, as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 5.

[0011] The invention of claim 3 is shown in Figs. ,Figure 6,Figure 7 As shown in Figs. 8 to 12, a rail fastening method for fastening a rail (3) to a support body (2) using a screw-type rail fastening device (1a) Fastening bolt (4c) of From the hole of the support After removal this A shaft member fixing process (S3) of inserting and fixing a shaft member (4) of a non-screw type rail fastening device into a hole portion of the support body, and Ta Between the head (4b) of the shaft member and a spring member (5) that presses against the bottom (3b) of the rail, From the side a frame member insertion step (S5) of inserting a frame member (6); Includes , The frame member inserting step includes a step of inserting the shaft member into a notch of the frame member that opens toward the outer periphery of the frame member, and bringing the flat lower surface (14b) of the frame member into contact with the flat plate-shaped portion (5e) of the spring member, and the screw-tightening type rail fastening device presses the spring member (5i) that presses down on the bottom of the rail with the head (4b) of the fastening bolt having a male thread portion that screws into the female thread portion (9b) of the hole portion of the support body, and the non-screw-tightening type rail fastening device presses the spring member with the frame member. of Characterized by This is a rail fastening method.

[0012] The invention of claim 4 is a rail fastening method according to claim 3, characterized in that, as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 5, the frame member inserting process includes a process of engaging a convex portion (17) with a concave portion (18) in order to prevent deviation of the relative position of the frame member with respect to the shaft member. Effect of the Invention

[0013] By applying one aspect of the present invention, in a rail fastening device that fastens a rail, there is no need to replace the existing support body, and there is no need to embed a dedicated insert in the existing support body, and it is possible to easily change from a screw-tightened rail fastening device to a non-screw-tightened rail fastening device. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a top view showing the rail fastening device of embodiment 1. [Diagram 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a rail fastening device of embodiment 1. FIG. [Diagram 3] 2 is a side view showing a shaft member of the rail fastening device of the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 4] 3A and 3B are a top view and a cross-sectional view showing a spring member of the rail fastening device of embodiment 1. [Diagram 5] 2A and 2B are a top view and a cross-sectional view showing a frame member of the rail fastening device of embodiment 1. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a top view showing a rail fastening device of a comparative example. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a rail fastening device of a comparative example. [Figure 8] FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing a part of a rail fastening process according to the second embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a rail fastening process in the second embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a rail fastening process in the second embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a rail fastening process in the second embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a rail fastening process in the second embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a rail fastening process in the second embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a rail fastening process in the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0016] The disclosure is merely an example, and those who are skilled in the art can easily come up with appropriate modifications that maintain the gist of the invention, and naturally, these modifications are included in the scope of the present invention. In addition, in order to make the explanation clearer, the drawings may show the width, thickness, shape, etc. of each part in a schematic manner compared to the embodiment, but these are merely examples and do not limit the interpretation of the present invention.

[0017] In addition, in this specification and each figure, elements similar to those described above with respect to the previous figures are given the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions may be omitted as appropriate.

[0018] Furthermore, in the drawings used in the embodiments, hatching (shading) may be omitted even in cross-sectional views in order to make the drawings easier to see, and hatching may be added even in plan views in order to make the drawings easier to see.

[0019] In the following embodiments, when a range is indicated as A to B, it means A or more and B or less, unless otherwise specified.

[0020] (Embodiment 1) <Rail fastening device> A rail fastening device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in comparison with a rail fastening device of a comparative example.

[0021] FIG. 1 is a top view showing a rail fastening device of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the rail fastening device of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a shaft member of the rail fastening device of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a top view and a cross-sectional view showing a spring member of the rail fastening device of the first embodiment. FIG. 4(a) shows a top view, and FIG. 4(b) shows a cross-sectional view. FIG. 5 is a top view and a cross-sectional view showing a frame member of the rail fastening device of the first embodiment. FIG. 5(a) shows a top view, and FIG. 5(b) shows a side view. Note that in the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 2, a side view of the spring member and the embedded plug is shown on the left side of the rail, and a cross-sectional view of the spring member and the embedded plug is shown on the right side of the rail.

[0022] Fig. 6 is a top view showing a rail fastening device of a comparative example. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a rail fastening device of a comparative example. In the cross-sectional view shown in Fig. 7, a side view of the spring member and the embedded plug is shown on the left side of the rail, and a cross-sectional view of the spring member and the embedded plug is shown on the right side of the rail.

[0023] As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the rail fastening device 1 of the present embodiment 1 is a rail fastening device that fastens a rail 3 to a bearing 2 that supports the rail. In the rail fastening device 1 of the present embodiment 1, the rail 3 is fastened to the bearing 2 by a rail fastening method of the present embodiment 2 described later. Moreover, the rail fastening device 1 of the present embodiment 1 is a direct-connection type rail fastening device that directly fastens the rail 3 to the bearing 2, and has a buffer function that absorbs vibrations that occur when a train passes by.

[0024] The rail 3 is a member that supports and guides the wheels of a railway vehicle to allow the railway vehicle to run. The rail 3 includes a rail head 3a that comes into contact with the wheels of the railway vehicle, a rail bottom 3b as the bottom portion that is attached to the bearing 2, and a rail web portion 3c that connects the rail head 3a and the rail bottom 3b. The bearing 2 is a member that supports the rail 3. As the bearing 2, for example, an existing sleeper such as a prestressed concrete (PC) sleeper can be used.

[0025] The rail fastening device 1 of the first embodiment has a shaft member 4, a spring member 5 also called a fastening spring, and a frame member 6 which is a type of washer. Details of the shaft member 4, the spring member 5 and the frame member 6 will be described later.

[0026] A track pad 7 is inserted between the bearing 2 and the rail 3. The track pad 7 is an elastic plate-shaped body made of vulcanized rubber or urethane. The track pad 7 has the function of mitigating the impact load generated when a train passes, and the function of ensuring resistance to the longitudinal movement of the rail 3. The track pad 7 also has the function of protecting the surface of the bearing 2, and electrically insulating the rail bottom 3b from the bearing 2.

[0027] A receiving plug 8 is inserted between the support body 2 and the spring member 5. The receiving plug 8 is a member made of resin such as plastic that is embedded in the surface of the support body 2 in order to support the spring member 5, and has the function of electrically insulating the support body 2 and the spring member 5.

[0028] When the bearing body 2 is an existing sleeper such as a PC sleeper, the embedded plug 9 is embedded in the embedded hole 2a formed in the upper surface of the bearing body 2. In this case, the bearing body 2 is an existing sleeper such as a PC sleeper, and the embedded plug 9 is embedded in the embedded hole 2a formed in the upper surface of the existing sleeper. The embedded plug 9 is made of unsaturated polyester resin or nylon. A hole 9a is formed in the upper surface of the embedded plug 9, and a spiral groove 9b is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hole 9a. Although the details will be described later, the shaft member 4 is embedded in the hole 9a. A spiral iron wire 9c is provided around the embedded plug 9, and a drainage collar 9d is connected to the lower part of the embedded plug 9. The embedded plug 9 also has the function of electrically insulating the bearing body 2 and the shaft member 4.

[0029] Next, the shaft member 4, the spring member 5 and the frame member 6 of the rail fastening device 1 of the first embodiment will be described in detail.

[0030] The shaft member 4 includes a shaft portion 4a and a head portion 4b connected to the shaft portion 4a. The shaft portion 4a is embedded and fixed to the support body 2 in a portion of the support body 2 that is disposed to the side of the rail 3, with the head portion 4b disposed above the shaft portion 4a and the head portion 4b disposed (protruding) above the support body 2. As a result, the shaft member 4 is fixed to the support body 2 on the side of the rail 3 that is supported by the support body 2.

[0031] As described above, the bearing body 2 may be one in which the plug 9 is embedded in the hole 2a formed in the upper surface of an existing sleeper such as a PC sleeper. In this case, the plug 9 has a hole 9a formed in the upper surface, and the hole 9a has a spiral groove 9b formed in the inner peripheral surface. Therefore, the bearing body 2 may be one in which the hole 9a is formed in the upper surface of the part of the bearing body 2 arranged on the side of the rail 3, and the hole 9a has a spiral groove 9b, i.e., a female thread, formed in the inner peripheral surface. In this case, the shaft member 4 is fixed to the bearing body 2 by inserting the shaft portion 4a into the hole 9a with the head portion 4b arranged above the shaft portion 4a and the head portion 4b arranged above the bearing body 2, and the shaft portion 4a inserted into the hole 9a is bonded to the hole 9a by the adhesive GL1, embedded, and fixed to the bearing body 2. Although only a portion of the adhesive GL1 is shown in FIG. 2, the adhesive GL1 may be present between the shaft portion 4a and the spiral groove 9b over the entire hole portion 9a.

[0032] As described above, the shaft member 4 is fixed to the support body 2 by embedding the shaft portion 4a in the support body 2, and the method of fixing the shaft member 4 to the support body 2 does not have to be a method by adhesion and is not particularly limited. Therefore, the shaft portion 4a may be a screw portion that can be screwed into the spiral groove 9b formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hole portion 9a, i.e., a male screw, but it does not have to be a screw portion. However, when the shaft portion 4a is a screw portion, the shaft member 4 is fixed to the support body 2 at the side of the rail 3 supported by the support body 2 by screwing the screw portion into the spiral groove 9b with the head portion 4b arranged above the screw portion and the head portion 4b arranged above the support body 2, and the screw portion screwed into the spiral groove 9b is bonded to the hole portion 9a, embedded, and fixed to the support body 2. In such a case, the adhesion area can be increased compared to when the shaft portion 4a is not a threaded portion, so that the shaft portion 4a can be more firmly adhered and embedded, and thus the shaft portion 4a can be more firmly fixed.

[0033] The spring member 5 is disposed between the support body 2 and the head portion 4b, and is elastically deformable in the vertical direction. The spring member 5 also includes a pressing portion 5a that presses against the rail bottom portion 3b of the rail 3. The spring member 5 is also called a fastening spring.

[0034] The spring member 5 is a spring that presses down and fastens the rail 3. The spring member 5 is a plate spring formed by bending a plate-shaped spring steel into a substantially U-shape, and functions as a presser, i.e., a spring clip. The spring member 5 includes tip portions 5b and 5c, plate-shaped portions 5d and 5e, and a bent portion 5f. The tip portions 5b and 5c are portions that press down the upper surface of the rail bottom portion 3b by the elastic force of the plate spring. The tip portion 5b is formed in a hook shape and presses down the upper and side surfaces of the rail bottom portion 3b. The tip portion 5c presses down the tip portion 5b from the upper side and presses down the upper surface of the rail bottom portion 3b. The plate-shaped portions 5d and 5e are flat portions formed in a plate shape. The plate-shaped portions 5d and 5e have through holes (long holes) 5g and 5h whose hole diameter in the width direction of the rail 3 is longer than the hole diameter in the length direction of the rail 3. The bent portion 5f is an end portion formed by bending spring steel into a substantially U-shape.

[0035] In other words, the spring member 5 may include an elastic plate portion 11, an elastic plate portion 12, and an elastic plate portion 13. The elastic plate portion 11 is made of a tip portion 5b and a plate-shaped portion 5d, and extends in the width direction of the rail 3. The elastic plate portion 12 is made of a tip portion 5c and a plate-shaped portion 5e, and is disposed above the elastic plate portion 11 and extends in the width direction of the rail 3. The elastic plate portion 13 is made of a bent portion 5f, and connects an end portion of the elastic plate portion 11 on the opposite side to the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3 and an end portion of the elastic plate portion 12 on the opposite side to the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3. In this case, the pressing portion 5a is the tip portion of the elastic plate portion 12 on the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3, i.e., the tip portion 5c, or the tip portion of the elastic plate portion 11 on the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3, i.e., the tip portion 5b.

[0036] The spring member 5 is not limited to the above example as long as it is disposed between the support body 2 and the head 4b, elastically deforms in the vertical direction, and includes the pressing portion 5a.

[0037] The frame member 6 includes a frame portion 14. The frame portion 14 has an upper surface 14a and a lower surface 14b, and has a C-shape, a U-shape, or a U-shape with a portion cut out in the circumferential direction when viewed from above. The frame member 6 is inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b such that the frame portion 14 surrounds the shaft portion 4a when viewed from above.

[0038] In other words, the frame portion 14 includes two extension portions 15 arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rail 3 at an interval IN1 wider than the outer diameter DM1 of the shaft portion 4a when viewed from above and each extending in the width direction of the rail 3, and a connection portion 16 connecting two end portions EP1 of each of the two extension portions 15, which are the end portions opposite the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3.

[0039] The shaft member 4 includes a spherical portion 17, and the frame member 6 includes a spherical portion 18 and two tapered portions 19. The spherical portion 17 is formed between the shaft portion 4a and the head portion 4b and has a spherical shape. The spherical portion 18 is formed on the upper surface 14a of the frame portion 14 and has a spherical shape that can be fitted with the spherical portion 17. The two tapered portions 19 are connected to two ends EP2, which are both ends of the frame portion 14, respectively, and the thickness in the vertical direction becomes thinner as it moves away from the center of the frame portion 14. In addition, the two tapered portions 19 are arranged at an interval IN2 wider than the outer diameter DM1 of the shaft portion 4a in the longitudinal direction of the rail 3 when viewed from above.

[0040] There is a gap GP1 between the shaft portion 4a and one of the two extension portions 15, and the average value of the two gaps GP1 can be set to a certain lower limit value or more and a certain upper limit value or less. In addition, there is a gap GP2 between the shaft portion 4a and one of the two tapered portions 19, and the average value of the two gaps GP2 can be set to a certain lower limit value or more and a certain upper limit value or less, which is equal to the average value of the gap GP1. When the average value of the gap GP1 and the average value of the gap GP2 are equal to or more than the certain lower limit value, the frame member 6 can be easily inserted between the spring member 5 and the head portion 4b with the shaft portion 4a sandwiched between the two tapered portions 19, and the inserted frame member 6 can be easily pushed in until the shaft portion 4a approaches the connection portion 16, compared to when the average value of the gap GP1 and the average value of the gap GP2 are less than the certain lower limit value. When the average value of gap GP1 and the average value of gap GP2 are below a certain upper limit value, the relative position of the frame member 6 inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b to the shaft member 4 in a top view is less likely to shift than when the average value of gap GP1 and the average value of gap GP2 exceed a certain upper limit value.

[0041] In the rail fastening device 1 of the present embodiment 1, the frame member 6 is inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b so that the spherical portion 18 fits with the spherical portion 17, the pressing portion 5a is pressed down by the insertion of the frame member 6, and the rail bottom 3b is pressed by the pressed down pressing portion 5a, thereby fastening the rail 3 to the support body 2. In other words, in the rail fastening device 1 of the present embodiment 1, with the spherical portion 18 fitted with the spherical portion 17, the frame member 6 is inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b, and the rail bottom 3b is pressed by the pressing portion 5a, thereby fastening the rail 3 to the support body 2.

[0042] In the first embodiment, an example is shown in which spherical portion 17 is a convex portion having a downwardly convex spherical shape, and spherical portion 18 is a concave portion having a downwardly convex spherical shape. However, spherical portion 17 may be a concave portion having an upwardly convex spherical shape, and spherical portion 18 may be a convex portion having an upwardly convex spherical shape.

[0043] On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the rail fastening device 1a of the comparative example is a rail fastening device for fastening a rail 3d to a support body 2, similar to the rail fastening device 1 of the first embodiment, and has an axis member 4c and a spring member 5i, a track pad 7 is inserted between the support body 2 and the rail 3d, a receiving plug 8 is inserted between the support body 2 and the spring member 5, and an embedded plug 9 is embedded in an embedding hole 2a formed on the upper surface of the support body 2. On the other hand, the rail fastening device 1a of the comparative example does not have a frame member 6 (see Fig. 2), unlike the rail fastening device 1 of the first embodiment. Also, in the comparative example, the spring member 5i may be different from the spring member 5.

[0044] In the comparative example, the shaft member 4c includes a shaft portion 4a and a head portion 4b connected to the shaft portion 4a, as in the first embodiment. However, in the comparative example, unlike the first embodiment, the shaft portion 4a is a threaded portion 4d, i.e., a male screw.

[0045] In the comparative example, as in the first embodiment, a bearing 2 is used in which an embedded plug 9 is embedded in an embedded hole 2a formed in the upper surface of an existing sleeper such as a PC sleeper. A hole 9a is formed in the upper surface of the embedded plug 9, and a spiral groove 9b is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the hole 9a. Therefore, a bearing 2 is used in which a hole 9a is formed in the upper surface of the bearing 2, and a spiral groove 9b, i.e., a female thread, is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the hole 9a. In such a case, the shaft member 4 is fixed to the bearing 2 by screwing the screw portion 4d into the spiral groove 9b with the head 4b located above the screw portion 4d.

[0046] In the comparative example, similar to the first embodiment, the spring member 5i is disposed between the support body 2 and the head 4b, and elastically deforms in the vertical direction. Also, in the comparative example, similar to the first embodiment, the spring member 5i includes a pressing portion 5a that presses the rail bottom portion 3b of the rail 3d.

[0047] In the comparative example, as in the first embodiment, specifically, the spring member 5i may include an elastic plate portion 21, an elastic plate portion 22, and an elastic plate portion 23. The elastic plate portion 21 includes a tip portion 5b and a plate-shaped portion 5d, and extends in the width direction of the rail 3d. The elastic plate portion 22 includes a tip portion 5c and a plate-shaped portion 5e, and is disposed above the elastic plate portion 21 and extends in the width direction of the rail 3d. The elastic plate portion 23 includes a bent portion 5f, and connects an end portion of the elastic plate portion 21 opposite to the rail 3d side in the width direction of the rail 3d with an end portion of the elastic plate portion 22 opposite to the rail 3d side in the width direction of the rail 3d. In such a case, the pressing portion 5a is the tip portion of the elastic plate portion 22 on the center side of the rail 3d in the width direction of the rail 3d, i.e., the tip portion 5c, or the tip portion of the elastic plate portion 21 on the center side of the rail 3d in the width direction of the rail 3d, i.e., the tip portion 5b. Although through holes 5j and 5k are formed in the plate-shaped portions 5d and 5e, unlike the through holes (long holes) 5g and 5h (see Figure 2) in embodiment 1, the hole diameter in the width direction of the rail 3d is equal to the hole diameter in the length direction of the rail 3d.

[0048] On the other hand, in the comparative example, unlike the first embodiment, the shaft member 4c does not have a spherical portion 17 (see FIG. 2). Also, in the comparative example, unlike the first embodiment, the head 4b is disposed above the threaded portion 4d, and in a state in which a spring member 5i including a pressing portion 5a that presses the rail bottom portion 3b of the rail 3d is disposed between the support body 2 and the head 4b, the threaded portion 4d is screwed into the spiral groove 9b, and the head 4b included in the shaft member 4c screwed into the spiral groove 9b presses the pressing portion 5a, and the pressing portion 5a pressed by the head 4b presses the rail bottom portion 3b, thereby fastening the rail 3d to the support body 2.

[0049] That is, the rail fastening device 1a of the comparative example is a screw-tightening type rail fastening device that fastens the rail 3d to the support body 2 using a leaf spring as the spring member 5i and a bolt-nut fastener consisting of a male thread included in the shaft member 4c and a female thread formed on the upper surface of the support body 2. A washer 4e is inserted between the spring member 5i and the head 4b.

[0050] Here, problems with a rail fastening device and a rail fastening method for fastening a rail to a support (rail support) will be described.

[0051] Traditionally, in Japan, as a rail fastening device, a screw-tightened rail fastening device that fastens a rail to a support body using a leaf spring and a bolt and nut fastener, like the rail fastening device in the comparative example, has been used. Meanwhile, in recent years, screwless rail fastening devices that do not use bolt and nut fasteners have come to be used instead of screw-tightened rail fastening devices that use bolt and nut fasteners. When using a screwless rail fastening device, there is no need to maintain the bolt and nut fasteners to prevent them from loosening after the rail is fastened to the support body. Therefore, compared to the case of using a screw-tightened rail fastening device that requires maintenance to prevent the bolt and nut fasteners from loosening, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost of maintenance work while maintaining the specified performance.

[0052] However, when changing from a screw-tightening type rail fastening device to a screwless type rail fastening device, it is necessary to replace the existing support body (rail support body) with a support body such as a PC sleeper equipped with a dedicated fastening mechanism, which results in high introduction costs. In this way, the high introduction cost is a factor that inhibits the spread of screwless type rail fastening devices. In other words, since it is necessary to replace the existing support body, it is not easy to change from a screw-tightening type rail fastening device to a screwless type rail fastening device.

[0053] As a screwless rail fastening device, for example, a wire spring is used instead of a leaf spring. However, when using a screwless rail fastening device using a wire spring, it is necessary to embed a dedicated insert in the existing support body (rail support body). In this way, the need to embed a dedicated insert in the existing support body is a factor that inhibits the spread of screwless rail fastening devices. For this reason, it has not been easy to change from a screw-tightened rail fastening device to a screwless rail fastening device.

[0054] On the other hand, the rail fastening device of the present embodiment 1 has a frame member 6 in addition to the shaft member 4 and the spring member 5. The frame member 6 includes a frame portion 14 having a C-shape, a U-shape or a U-shape in top view, and is inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b so that the frame portion 14 surrounds the shaft portion 4a in top view.

[0055] In the present embodiment 1, unlike the comparative example, the shaft member 4 is fixed to the support body 2 on the side of the rail 3 supported by the support body 2, with the shaft portion 4a embedded in the portion of the support body 2 arranged on the side of the rail 3, with the head portion 4b arranged above the shaft portion 4a, so that the shaft member 4 is fixed to the support body 2 on the side of the rail 3 supported by the support body 2. The shaft member 4 includes a spherical portion 17, and the frame member 6 includes a spherical portion 18 that can be fitted with the spherical portion 17, and two tapered portions 19. The frame member 6 is inserted between the spring member 5 and the head portion 4b so that the spherical portion 18 is fitted with the spherical portion 17, and the rail bottom portion 3b is pressed by the pressing portion 5a, thereby fastening the rail 3 to the support body 2.

[0056] This makes it possible to realize a screwless rail fastening device that utilizes an existing rail support and uses a leaf spring, which is the same spring member as existing rail fastening devices that have excellent fatigue durability and strength. Also, by modifying the shape of the fastening bolt part and changing the fastening method of the rail fastening device from a screw-tightening fastening method using a bolt and nut fastener to a screwless fastening method in which a frame member, which is a wedge-shaped member, is inserted (installed) between the spring member and the head of the shaft member, it is possible to easily change from a screw-tightening rail fastening device to a screwless rail fastening device.

[0057] That is, according to the first embodiment, in a rail fastening device that fastens a rail, there is no need to replace the existing support body, nor is there a need to embed a dedicated insert in the existing support body, and it is possible to easily change from a screw-tightening type rail fastening device to a non-screw-tightening type rail fastening device.

[0058] In addition, existing stock of supports (rail supports) can be used as is without replacement, reducing maintenance costs. In addition, the lack of screw tightening eliminates the need for fastening status management, such as the inevitable loosening and retightening of bolt and nut fasteners, and reduces the labor required for maintenance.

[0059] If the tip of the frame member 6 is not thinned, it is difficult to act as a trigger for pushing the frame member 6 when inserting (installing) the frame member 6 between the spring member 5 and the head 4b of the shaft member 4. On the other hand, since the frame member 6 has two tapered portions 19, the frame member 6 has a wedge shape when viewed from the side. Therefore, it is easy to act as a trigger for pushing the frame member 6 when inserting (installing) the frame member 6 between the spring member 5 and the head 4b of the shaft member 4.

[0060] When the shaft member 4 does not include the spherical portion 17 and the frame member 6 does not include the spherical portion 18, the relative position of the frame member 6 to the shaft member 4 in top view is likely to shift, and therefore, after the rail 3 is fastened to the support 2, the frame member 6 may shift from a predetermined position in top view, or the spring member 5 may shift from a predetermined position in top view. On the other hand, when the shaft member 4 includes the spherical portion 17 and the frame member 6 includes the spherical portion 18, the spherical portion 18 fits into the spherical portion 17, thereby preventing the relative position of the frame member 6 to the shaft member 4 in top view from shifting, and after the rail 3 is fastened to the support 2, the frame member 6 is prevented from shifting from a predetermined position in top view, and the spring member 5 is prevented from shifting from a predetermined position in top view.

[0061] In the technology described in Patent Document 2, a first spherical portion and a second spherical portion in contact with the first spherical portion are provided between the fastening spring and the fastening member. However, in the technology described in Patent Document 2, the first spherical portion and the second spherical portion are intended to bring the fastening bolt and the washer into substantially uniform contact at the spherical portion even if the height of the rail is adjusted to change the posture of the fastening spring and the washer. Also, in the technology described in Patent Document 2, the first spherical portion and the second spherical portion are intended to fasten the rail to the support body with an appropriate pressing force so that the fastening bolt tightens the fastening spring with a substantially uniform tightening force.

[0062] On the other hand, spherical portion 17 and spherical portion 18 in this embodiment 1 are intended to prevent the position of frame member 6 from shifting relative to shaft member 4 when viewed from above by engaging spherical portion 18 with spherical portion 17, and the first spherical portion and second spherical portion in Patent Document 2 above have different purposes.

[0063] Preferably, the spring member 5 includes a through hole 5h penetrating the spring member 5 in the vertical direction, the minimum diameter of the inner diameter DM2 of the through hole 5h is larger than the maximum diameter of the outer diameter DM3 of both the head 4b and the spherical portion 17, and the frame member 6 is engaged with the peripheral portion of the through hole 5h of the spring member 5. Similarly to the through hole 5h, the minimum diameter of the inner diameter of the through hole 5g penetrating the spring member 5 in the vertical direction is also larger than the maximum diameter of the outer diameter DM3 of both the head 4b and the spherical portion 17. That is, the head 4b and the spherical portion 17 can be inserted through the through holes 5h and 5g. It goes without saying that the outer diameter DM3 is larger than the outer diameter DM1 of the shaft portion 4a, and the shaft portion 4a can be inserted through the through holes 5h and 5g.

[0064] Consider a case where the spring member 5 is not fastened by pressing it by screwing (threading) the shaft member 4, for example, after the spring member 5 is placed first, the shaft portion 4a is inserted into a hole 9a formed in the upper surface of a portion of the support body 2 placed to the side of the rail 3 with the shaft portion 4a passing through the through holes 5h and 5g, and the shaft portion 4a inserted into the hole 9a is glued and embedded, thereby fixing it to the support body 2. In such a case, it is necessary to press the shaft member 4 against the support body 2 while the shaft portion 4a is glued and fixed to the support body 2.

[0065] Furthermore, the rail head 3a is subject to wear as the railway vehicle travels on the rail 3. Therefore, even after the rail fastening device 1 of the present embodiment 1 is installed, the rail 3 needs to be replaced periodically, and it is desirable to make the spring member 5 detachable even after the rail fastening device 1 of the present embodiment 1 is installed.

[0066] On the other hand, when the minimum diameter of the inner diameter DM2 of the through holes 5h and 5g is larger than the maximum diameter of the outer diameter DM3 of both the head 4b and the spherical portion 17, in the rail fastening method of the second embodiment, after the shaft portion 4a is fixed to the support body 2, the spring member 5 can be disposed between the support body 2 and the head 4b of the shaft member 4, as will be described later with reference to Figs. 12 and 13. As a result, even if the spring member 5 is not pressed and fastened by screwing (threading) the shaft member 4, it is not necessary to dispose the spring member 5 before the shaft portion 4a is fixed to the support body 2, and therefore it is not necessary to press the shaft member 4 against the support body 2 while the shaft portion 4a is bonded and fixed to the support body 2.

[0067] Furthermore, when the minimum diameter of the inner diameter DM2 of the through holes 5h and 5g is larger than the maximum diameter of the outer diameter DM3 of both the head 4b and the spherical portion 17, the spring member 5 can be made detachable even after the rail fastening device 1 of this embodiment 1 is installed, and the rail 3 can be easily replaced even after the rail fastening device 1 of this embodiment 1 is installed.

[0068] Preferably, the upper surface 19a and the lower surface 19b of each of the two tapered portions 19 are inclined relative to the upper surface 14a such that the lower surface 19b is flush with the lower surface 14b and the upper surface 19a becomes thinner as it moves away from the center of the frame portion 14.

[0069] In this case, the bottom surface of the frame member 6 becomes flat, so that the frame member 6 can be easily slid on the spring member 5, i.e., on the elastic plate portion 12 including the plate-shaped portion 5e, and the frame member 6 can be easily inserted, i.e. installed, between the spring member 5 and the head portion 4b of the shaft member 4. Therefore, the construction work at the site where the rail 3 is laid can be performed more easily.

[0070] Preferably, each of the two tapered portions 19 is spaced apart from the spherical portion 18. In this case, even if vibrations are applied to the rail fastening device 1 when a railway vehicle travels on the rail 3, it is possible to reliably prevent or suppress the planar position of the spherical portion 18 engaged with the spherical portion 17 from shifting in the direction from the tapered portion 19 toward the spherical portion 18 (the direction away from the center of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3), causing the spherical portion 17 to come off from the spherical portion 18.

[0071] From the viewpoint of preventing the planar position of spherical portion 18 from shifting in the direction from tapered portion 19 toward spherical portion 18 while easily forming spherical portion 17, when lower surface 19b of each of two tapered portions 19 is flush with lower surface 14b, it is preferable that spherical portion 17 is a convex portion having a downwardly convex spherical shape, and spherical portion 18 is a concave portion having a downwardly convex spherical shape. Also, from the viewpoint of preventing spherical portion 17 from coming off spherical portion 18, it is preferable that the spherical center of spherical portion 17 overlaps with shaft portion 4a in a top view, that is, spherical portion 17 has a shape that is approximately symmetrical with shaft portion 4a as the center.

[0072] Preferably, the tip of each of the two tapered portions 19 on the side opposite to the frame portion 14 (the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3) has an arc shape centered on the center of the frame portion 14 in a top view. In such a case, the tip of one tapered portion 19 on the other tapered portion 19 side protrudes toward the opposite side to the frame portion 14 side more than the opposite side to the other tapered portion 19 side, so that the frame member 6 can be inserted, i.e., installed, between the spring member 5 and the head 4b of the shaft member 4 more easily than when the tip of one tapered portion 19 on the opposite side to the other tapered portion 19 side protrudes toward the opposite side to the frame portion 14 side more than the other tapered portion 19 side.

[0073] Preferably, frame portion 14 has a side surface 14c arranged on the opposite side of two tapered portions 19 across the center of frame portion 14 on the opposite side of the center of rail 3 in the width direction of rail 3 in top view, and side surface 14c is a plane intersecting, preferably perpendicular to, the width direction of rail 3. In this case, frame portion 14 has a U-shape with the center side of rail 3 in the width direction of rail 3 being open in top view.

[0074] In such a case, since the side surface 14c is flat, the frame member 6 can be easily inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b of the shaft member 4 by hitting the side surface 14c of the frame portion 14 with a hammer or the like.

[0075] Preferably, the spherical portion 18 is integrally formed from one end EP2 of each of the two ends to the other end EP2 of each of the two ends. In this case, the frame portion 14 and the spherical portion 18 have a C-shape or a U-shape with a part of the circumferential direction cut out on the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3 when viewed from above.

[0076] In such a case, the area of ​​the spherical portion 18 can be increased, so that it is possible to reliably prevent or suppress the planar position of the spherical portion 17 fitted into the spherical portion 18 from shifting, causing the spherical portion 17 to come off from the spherical portion 18.

[0077] (Embodiment 2) <Rail fastening method> Next, a rail fastening method according to the second embodiment will be described. The rail fastening method according to the second embodiment is a rail fastening method for fastening a rail to a support body that supports the rail. As described above, the rail fastening device in which a rail is fastened to a support body by the rail fastening method according to the second embodiment is the rail fastening device according to the first embodiment.

[0078] Fig. 8 is a flow diagram showing a part of the rail fastening process of embodiment 2. Figs. 9 to 14 are cross-sectional views showing the rail fastening process of embodiment 2. Note that, like the cross-sectional view shown in Fig. 2, the cross-sectional views shown in Fig. 9 to 14 show side views of the spring member and embedded plug on the left side of the rail, and cross-sectional views of the spring member and embedded plug on the right side of the rail.

[0079] Before the rail fastening method of the second embodiment is performed, the rail fastening device 1a of the comparative example described with reference to Fig. 7 is used. That is, in a state in which the head 4b of the shaft member 4c including the screw portion 4d and the head 4b connected to the screw portion 4d is arranged above the screw portion 4d, the head 4b is arranged above the support body 2, and a spring member 5i including a pressing portion 5a that presses the rail bottom portion 3b of the rail 3d is arranged between the support body 2 and the head 4b, the screw portion 4d is screwed into the spiral groove 9b, the head 4b included in the shaft member 4c screwed into the spiral groove 9b presses the pressing portion 5a, and the pressing portion 5a pressed by the head 4b presses the rail bottom portion 3b, thereby fastening the rail 3d to the support body 2.

[0080] The rail 3d may be the same as the rail 3, or may be different from the rail 3. When the rail 3d is different from the rail 3, the rails are exchanged between steps S2 and S3 described later.

[0081] As described above, the spring member 5i may include an elastic plate portion 21, an elastic plate portion 22, and an elastic plate portion 23. The elastic plate portion 21 extends in the width direction of the rail 3d. The elastic plate portion 22 is disposed above the elastic plate portion 21 and extends in the width direction of the rail 3d. The elastic plate portion 23 connects an end portion of the elastic plate portion 21 on the opposite side to the center side of the rail 3d in the width direction of the rail 3d and an end portion of the elastic plate portion 22 on the opposite side to the center side of the rail 3d in the width direction of the rail 3d. In this case, the pressing portion 5a is the tip portion of the elastic plate portion 22 on the center side of the rail 3d in the width direction of the rail 3d, i.e., the tip portion 5c, or the tip portion of the elastic plate portion 21 on the center side of the rail 3d in the width direction of the rail 3d, i.e., the tip portion 5b.

[0082] In the rail fastening method of the second embodiment, first, the existing shaft member 4c (see FIG. 7) is removed (step S1 in FIG. 8).

[0083] In step S1, first, as shown in Fig. 9, the shaft member 4c is rotated to rotate the screw portion 4d screwed into the spiral groove 9b, thereby lifting the shaft member 4c. As the shaft member 4c lifts and the head portion 4b that has been pressing down the pressing portion 5a lifts, the pressing portion 5a, i.e., the tip portion 5c, lifts and moves away from the rail bottom portion 3b of the rail 3d. As the shaft member 4c lifts and the head portion 4b lifts further, the head portion 4b moves away from the elastic plate portion 22 included in the spring member 5i and also moves away from the washer 4e.

[0084] In step S1, next, as shown in FIG. 10, the shaft member 4c (see FIG. 9) is further rotated to remove the shaft member 4c (see FIG. 9) from the embedding hole 2a, that is, from the hole portion 9a.

[0085] Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the spring member 5i (see FIG. 10) is removed (Step S2 in FIG. 8).

[0086] Next, as shown in FIG. 12, the shaft member 4 including a shaft portion 4a and a head portion 4b connected to the shaft portion 4a is fixed to the support body 2 on the side of the rail 3 supported by the support body 2 by embedding and fixing the shaft portion 4a in a portion of the support body 2 that is positioned to the side of the rail 3, with the head portion 4b positioned above the shaft portion 4a and the head portion 4b positioned above the support body 2 (step S3 in FIG. 8).

[0087] In this step S3, the bearing body 2 is not replaced, and as described above, specifically, the bearing body 2 may be one in which the embedded plug 9 is embedded in an embedded hole formed in the upper surface of an existing sleeper, such as a PC sleeper. The embedded plug 9 has a hole 9a formed in the upper surface, and a spiral groove 9b is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the hole 9a. Therefore, the bearing body 2 to be used has a hole 9a formed in the upper surface of a portion of the bearing body 2 arranged on the side of the rail 3, and a spiral groove 9b, i.e., a female thread, formed in the inner peripheral surface of the hole 9a. In this case, in step S3, the shaft portion 4a is inserted into the hole 9a with the head portion 4b arranged above the shaft portion 4a and the head portion 4b arranged above the bearing body 2, and the shaft portion 4a inserted into the hole 9a is bonded and embedded in the hole 9a with the adhesive GL1 to fix the shaft member 4 to the bearing body 2 at the side of the rail 3 supported by the bearing body 2.

[0088] As described above, the shaft member 4 may be fixed to the support body 2 by embedding the shaft portion 4a in the support body 2, and the method for fixing the shaft member 4 to the support body 2 is not limited to a method using adhesive. Therefore, the shaft portion 4a may be a threaded portion 4d (see FIG. 7), i.e., a male thread, but is not limited to the threaded portion 4d.

[0089] Furthermore, when a rail fastening device is newly installed, in the rail fastening method of the second embodiment, steps S1 and S2 can be omitted and the method can start from step S3.

[0090] As shown in FIG. 13, a spring member 5 that is elastically deformable in the vertical direction is disposed between the support body 2 and the head 4b (Step S4 in FIG. 8).

[0091] In this step S4, as described above, specifically, the spring member 5 may include an elastic plate portion 11, an elastic plate portion 12, and an elastic plate portion 13. The elastic plate portion 11 included in the spring member 5 arranged between the support body 2 and the head portion 4b in step S4 extends in the width direction of the rail 3. The elastic plate portion 12 included in the spring member 5 arranged between the support body 2 and the head portion 4b in step S4 is arranged higher than the elastic plate portion 11 and extends in the width direction of the rail 3. The elastic plate portion 13 included in the spring member 5 arranged between the support body 2 and the head portion 4b in step S4 connects the end portion of the elastic plate portion 11 opposite the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3 to the end portion of the elastic plate portion 12 opposite the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3. In such a case, the pressing portion 5a included in the spring member 5 arranged between the support body 2 and the head 4b in step S4 is the tip portion 5c of the elastic plate portion 12 facing the center of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3, or the tip portion 5b of the elastic plate portion 11 facing the center of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3.

[0092] As mentioned above, the spring member 5 is not limited to the above example as long as it is disposed between the support body 2 and the head 4b, and includes a pressing portion 5a that elastically deforms in the vertical direction and presses the rail bottom portion 3b of the rail 3.

[0093] Next, as shown in FIG. 14, a frame member 6 including a frame portion 14 having an upper surface 14a and a lower surface 14b and having a C-shape, a U-shape or a C-shape with a portion of the circumference cut out when viewed from above is inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b so that the frame portion 14 surrounds the shaft portion 4a when viewed from above (step S5 in FIG. 8).

[0094] The shaft member 4 includes a spherical portion 17, and the frame member 6 includes a spherical portion 18 and two tapered portions 19. The spherical portion 17 is formed between the shaft portion 4a and the head portion 4b, and has a spherical shape. The spherical portion 18 is formed on the upper surface 14a of the frame portion 14, and has a spherical shape that can fit with the spherical portion 17. The two tapered portions 19 are respectively connected to two ends EP2 (see FIG. 5(a)), which are both ends of the frame portion 14, and the thickness of each of the tapered portions 19 in the vertical direction becomes thinner as it moves away from the center of the frame portion 14.

[0095] Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, in step S5, the frame member 6 is inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b so that the spherical portion 18 fits into the spherical portion 17, and the rail bottom portion 3b is pressed by the pressing portion 5a, thereby fastening the rail 3 to the support body 2.

[0096] In the rail fastening method of this embodiment 2, in step S5, a frame member 6 including a frame portion 14 having a C-shape, a U-shape or a U-shape in top view is inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b so that the frame portion 14 surrounds the shaft portion 4a in top view.

[0097] In the rail fastening method of the second embodiment, similarly to the rail fastening device of the first embodiment, the shaft portion 4a is embedded and fixed in a portion of the bearing body 2 arranged on the side of the rail 3, with the head portion 4b arranged above the shaft portion 4a and the head portion 4b arranged above the bearing body 2, thereby fixing the shaft member 4 to the bearing body 2 on the side of the rail 3 supported by the bearing body 2. The shaft member 4 includes a spherical portion 17, and the frame member 6 includes a spherical portion 18 that can be fitted with the spherical portion 17 and two tapered portions 19, and the frame member 6 is inserted between the spring member 5 and the head portion 4b so that the spherical portion 18 is fitted with the spherical portion 17. The pressing portion 5a is pressed down by inserting the frame member 6, and the rail bottom portion 3b is pressed by the pressed down pressing portion 5a, thereby fastening the rail 3 to the bearing body 2.

[0098] As a result, similarly to the rail fastening device of embodiment 1, there is no need to replace the existing support body, nor is there a need to embed a dedicated insert in the existing support body, and it is possible to easily change from a screw-tightening type rail fastening device to a non-screw-tightening type rail fastening device.

[0099] As in the first embodiment, the existing stock of bearings (rail bearings) can be used as is without replacement, reducing maintenance costs. In addition, the lack of screw tightening eliminates the need for fastening state management, such as the inevitable loosening and retightening of bolt and nut fasteners, and reduces the labor required for maintenance.

[0100] As in the first embodiment, the frame member 6 has a wedge shape when viewed from the side due to the inclusion of the two tapered portions 19. Therefore, when inserting (installing) the frame member 6 between the spring member 5 and the head portion 4b of the shaft member 4, this tends to act as a trigger for pushing the frame member 6 in.

[0101] Furthermore, as in embodiment 1, when shaft member 4 includes spherical portion 17 and frame member 6 includes spherical portion 18, spherical portion 18 engages with spherical portion 17 to prevent the relative position of frame member 6 with respect to shaft member 4 from shifting when viewed from above, and after rail 3 is fastened to support body 2, frame member 6 is prevented from shifting from a predetermined position when viewed from above, and spring member 5 is prevented from shifting from a predetermined position when viewed from above.

[0102] In step S5, specifically, with the two tapered portions 19 sandwiching the shaft portion 4a when viewed from above, the two tapered portions 19 are inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b, and from the state in which the two tapered portions 19 are inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b, the frame member 6 is pushed and moved between the spring member 5 and the head 4b to a state in which the frame portion 14 is inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b and the spherical portion 18 is engaged with the spherical portion 17, and with the spherical portion 18 engaged with the spherical portion 17, the rail bottom 3b is pressed by the pressing portion 5a, thereby fastening the rail 3 to the support body 2.

[0103] Preferably, the spring member 5 includes a through hole 5h that penetrates the spring member 5 in the up-down direction, the minimum diameter of the inner diameter DM2 (see FIG. 4(a)) of the through hole 5h is larger than the maximum diameter of the outer diameter DM3 (see FIG. 4(a)) of both the head 4b and the spherical portion 17, and the frame member 6 is engaged with the peripheral edge portion of the through hole 5h of the spring member 5. Further, similar to the through hole 5h, the minimum diameter of the inner diameter of a through hole 5g that penetrates the spring member 5 in the up-down direction is also larger than the maximum diameter of the outer diameter DM3 of both the head 4b and the spherical portion 17.

[0104] In such a case, after the shaft member 4 is fixed to the support body 2 (step S3 in FIG. 8) as shown in FIG. 12, the spring member 5 can be disposed between the support body 2 and the head 4b of the shaft member 4 as shown in FIG. 13 (step S4 in FIG. 8). That is, in step S4, the spring member 5 can be lowered until it is disposed between the support body 2 and the head 4b in a state where the head 4b and the spherical portion 17 are inserted through the through holes 5h and 5g. Also, even if the spring member 5 is not pressed and fastened by screwing (threading) the shaft portion 4a, it is not necessary to dispose the spring member 5 before the shaft portion 4a is fixed to the support body 2. Therefore, it is not necessary to press the shaft member 4 against the support body 2 while the shaft portion 4a is bonded and fixed to the support body 2.

[0105] Furthermore, when the minimum diameter of the inner diameter DM2 (see FIG. 4(a)) of the through holes 5h and 5g is larger than the maximum diameter of the outer diameter DM3 (see FIG. 4(a)) of both the head 4b and the spherical portion 17, the spring member 5 can be made detachable even after the rail fastening device of embodiment 1 is installed by the rail fastening method of embodiment 2, and the spring member 5 can be easily replaced even after the rail fastening device of embodiment 1 is installed by the rail fastening method of embodiment 2.

[0106] It is preferable that the spring member 5 is different from the spring member 5i. However, for example, when performing step S4 before step S3, a spring member having an inner diameter DM2 (see FIG. 4(a)) of the through holes 5h and 5g that is smaller than the maximum diameter of the outer diameter DM3 (see FIG. 4(a)) of either the head 4b or the spherical portion 17, such as the spring member 5i, can be used instead of the spring member 5.

[0107] Preferably, the upper surface 19a and the lower surface 19b (see FIG. 5(b)) of each of the two tapered portions 19 are inclined with respect to the upper surface 14a (see FIG. 5(b)) such that the lower surface 19b is flush with the lower surface 14b (see FIG. 5(b)) and the upper surface 19a becomes thinner in the vertical direction as it moves away from the center of the frame portion 14.

[0108] In this case, the bottom surface of the frame member 6 becomes flat, so that the frame member 6 can be easily slid on the spring member 5, i.e., on the elastic plate portion 12 including the plate-shaped portion 5e, and the frame member 6 can be easily inserted, i.e. installed, between the spring member 5 and the head portion 4b of the shaft member 4. Therefore, the construction work at the site where the rail 3 is laid can be performed more easily.

[0109] Preferably, each of the two tapered portions 19 is spaced apart from the spherical portion 18. In this case, even if vibrations are applied to the rail fastening device when a railway vehicle travels on the rail 3, it is possible to reliably prevent or suppress the planar position of the spherical portion 18 engaged with the spherical portion 17 from shifting in the direction from the tapered portion 19 toward the spherical portion 18 (the direction away from the center of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3), causing the spherical portion 17 to come off from the spherical portion 18.

[0110] In addition, from the standpoint of easily forming spherical portion 17 while preventing the planar position of spherical portion 18 from shifting in the direction from tapered portion 19 toward spherical portion 18, when the lower surface 19b (see Figure 5(b)) of each of the two tapered portions 19 is flush with lower surface 14b (see Figure 5(b)), it is preferable that spherical portion 17 is a convex portion having a downwardly convex spherical shape, and spherical portion 18 is a concave portion having a downwardly convex spherical shape.

[0111] Preferably, the tip of each of the two tapered portions 19 on the side opposite to the frame portion 14 (the side toward the center of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3) has an arc shape centered on the center of the frame portion 14 when viewed from above. In this case, as described above, it becomes easier to insert, i.e., install, the frame member 6 between the spring member 5 and the head 4b of the shaft member 4.

[0112] Preferably, frame portion 14 has a side surface 14c (see FIG. 5(a)) arranged on the opposite side of two tapered portions 19 across the center of frame portion 14 on the opposite side of the center of rail 3 in the width direction of rail 3 in top view, and side surface 14c is a plane intersecting, preferably perpendicular to, the width direction of rail 3. In this case, frame portion 14 has a U-shape with the center side of rail 3 in the width direction of rail 3 being open in top view.

[0113] In such a case, since the side surface 14c is flat, the frame member 6 can be easily inserted between the spring member 5 and the head 4b of the shaft member 4 by hitting the side surface 14c of the frame portion 14 with a hammer or the like.

[0114] Preferably, the spherical portion 18 is integrally formed from one end EP2 (see FIG. 5(a)) of both ends to the other end EP2 of both ends. In this case, the frame portion 14 and the spherical portion 18 have a C-shape or U-shape with a part of the circumferential direction cut out on the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3 when viewed from above.

[0115] In such a case, the area of ​​the spherical portion 18 can be increased, so that it is possible to reliably prevent or suppress the planar position of the spherical portion 17 fitted into the spherical portion 18 from shifting, causing the spherical portion 17 to come off from the spherical portion 18.

[0116] Also, consider a case where the elastic plate 12 included in the spring member 5 arranged between the support body 2 and the head 4b in step S4 includes a plate-shaped portion 5e having an upper surface inclined so that the height position becomes lower as it moves away from the center of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3, and the pressing portion 5a included in the spring member 5 arranged between the support body 2 and the head 4b in step S4 is separated from the rail bottom 3b of the rail 3. Also, consider a case where, in step S5, after step S4, the upper surface of the plate-shaped portion 5e included in the elastic plate 12 is inclined so that the height position becomes lower as it moves away from the center of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3, and the pressing portion 5a is separated from the rail bottom 3b of the rail 3, a frame member 6 is inserted between the elastic plate 12 and the head 4b, the frame member 6 inserted between the elastic plate 12 and the head 4b presses the pressing portion 5a downward, and the rail bottom 3b is pressed by the pressing portion 5a pressed downward, thereby fastening the rail 3 to the support body 2.

[0117] In such a case, preferably, the vertical thickness TH1 (see Figure 5(b)) of the tip portion of each of the two tapered portions 19 on the opposite side to the frame portion 14 side (the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3) is thinner than the vertical interval IN3 (see Figure 13) between the first portion, which is the first portion of the elastic plate portion 12 before the frame member 6 is inserted in step S5, and the second portion, which is the peripheral portion of the spherical portion 17 on the opposite side to the center side of the rail 3 in the width direction of the rail 3, and the second portion.

[0118] In this manner, since the thickness TH1 is smaller than the interval IN3, the frame member 6 can be inserted (installed) between the spring member 5 and the head portion 4b of the shaft member 4 more easily.

[0119] The invention made by the inventor has been specifically described above based on the embodiment thereof. However, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0120] Within the scope of the concept of the present invention, a person skilled in the art may conceive of various modifications and alterations, and it will be understood that these modifications and alterations also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0121] For example, any embodiment in which a person skilled in the art has appropriately added or deleted components or modified the design, or added or omitted steps or modified conditions, is included within the scope of the present invention as long as it satisfies the essence of the present invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0122] The present invention is effective when applied to a rail fastening device and a rail fastening method for fastening a rail to a support body. [Explanation of symbols]

[0123] 1, 1a Rail fastening device 2 Supporting body 2a Mounting hole 3. 3D rail 3a Rail head 3b Rail bottom 3c Rail bottom 4, 4c shaft member 4a Shaft 4b head 4d Threaded part 4e Washer 5, 5i Spring parts 5a Pressing part 5b, 5c Tip 5d, 5e Plate-shaped part 5f bent part 5g, 5h, 5j, 5k through hole 6 Frame members 7. Track Pad 8 Receptacle 9. Recessed plug 9a Hole 9b spiral groove 9c Spiral Iron Wire 9d Water drain color 11-13, 21-23 Elastic plate 14 Frame section 14a, 19a top surface 14b, 19b bottom surface 14c side 15 Extension 16 Connection 17, 18 Spherical part 19 Tapered section DM1, DM3 outer diameter DM2 Inner diameter EP1, EP2 ends GL1 Adhesive GP1, GP2 gap IN1~IN3 interval TH1 Thickness

Claims

1. A rail fastening device for fastening a rail to a support body, A shaft member that is inserted into and fixed to a hole in the support body; A spring member that presses against the bottom of the rail; a frame member that is inserted laterally between the head of the shaft member that is inserted and fixed in the hole of the support body and the spring member, the shaft member is a shaft member of a screwless rail fastening device that is inserted into and fixed in a hole portion of the support body from which a fastening bolt of a screw-type rail fastening device has been removed, The frame member is The notch for inserting the shaft member is open toward the outer periphery, The flat lower surface of the frame member is in contact with the flat plate-shaped portion of the spring member, The screw-type rail fastening device presses a spring member that presses down on the bottom of the rail with the head of the fastening bolt, which has a male thread that screws into a female thread of the hole of the support body, The non-screw type rail fastening device presses the spring member with the frame member, A rail fastening device comprising:

2. The rail fastening device according to claim 1, a protrusion and a recess that can be fitted together to prevent the frame member from being displaced relative to the shaft member; A rail fastening device comprising:

3. A rail fastening method for fastening a rail to a support body, comprising the steps of: a shaft member fixing process for inserting and fixing a shaft member of a non-screw-tightening type rail fastening device into the hole of the support body after removing a fastening bolt of the screw-tightening type rail fastening device from the hole of the support body; a frame member inserting step of inserting a frame member laterally between a head of the shaft member inserted and fixed in the hole of the support body and a spring member pressing down on a bottom of the rail, the frame member inserting step includes a step of inserting the shaft member into a notch of the frame member that opens toward an outer periphery of the frame member, and bringing a flat lower surface of the frame member into contact with a flat plate-shaped portion of the spring member; The screw-type rail fastening device presses a spring member that presses down on the bottom of the rail with the head of the fastening bolt, which has a male thread that screws into a female thread of the hole of the support body, The non-screw type rail fastening device presses the spring member with the frame member, A rail fastening method comprising the steps of:

4. The rail fastening method according to claim 3, the frame member inserting step includes a step of fitting a convex portion into a concave portion to prevent a relative position of the frame member with respect to the shaft member from being shifted; A rail fastening method comprising the steps of:

Images