Method and apparatus for producing filled containers from preforms - Patents.com

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing filled containers (16) from preforms (13), in which the preforms (13) are transferred to rotary forming and filling elements (14) of a respective forming and filling station and, in the subsequent forming and filling process, are transformed into respective containers (16) in a mold by the pressure of the supplied filling material, the mold being of a multi-piece design comprising a bottom mold (21) and mold halves (19, 20), and each container (16) is clamped between the lower bottom mold (21) and the upper forming and filling element (14) at least at the end of the forming and filling process, and the containers (16) are separated from the respective forming and filling elements (14) and the respective molds after forming and filling. The present invention contemplates that the mold halves (19, 20) be removed from their respective containers (16) before the forming and filling element (14) and bottom mold (21) are separated from the containers (16).

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing filled containers from preforms, in which the preforms are transferred to a rotary forming and filling element of a respective forming and filling station and, in a subsequent forming and filling process, are transformed in a mold of the rotary forming and filling station into the respective container under the pressure action of the supplied filling material, in which the mold is of multi-piece construction with a bottom mold and a mold half (mold half), and in which the respective containers are clamped between a lower bottom mold and an upper forming and filling element at least at the end of the forming and filling process, and in which the containers are separated from the respective forming and filling element and from the respective mold after forming and filling. [Background technology]

[0002] To explain the background and problem of the present invention, reference is made to WO 2012 / 156013 A1, which discloses forming and filling points rotating on actuating wheels, these forming and filling points being referred to herein as forming and filling stations, each forming and filling station having a forming and filling element and a mould for receiving a preform and shaping (molding) a container.

[0003] From DE 10 200 03 133 A1 the so-called form-fill process is also known, in which containers, in particular bottles made of thermoplastic material, are produced from thermally conditioned preforms and simultaneously filled by a forming and filling element with a liquid filling material which is supplied as hydraulic pressure medium under forming and filling pressure for expanding the preforms or for shaping the containers. Simultaneously with filling, the respective preform is transformed in a mold into a container. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2012 / 156013 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Pat. No. 1,035,0815 [Patent Document 3] International Publication No. 2012 / 156014 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The filling of the preform with the liquid filling material is carried out by a forming and filling element which comprises at least one filling nozzle. During the filling process, the forming and filling element seals the opening of the preform facing upwards, so that the filling material does not flow out uncontrolled. To remove the filled container, however, the forming and filling element must be removed from the opening of the preform and the mould must be opened. In this case, small amounts of filling material can reach the inner surface of the mould. Wetting of the inner surface with the filling material leads to the formation of defects with corresponding quality defects during the subsequent filling and moulding of the container. Hygienic conditions are also impaired.

[0006] A mold (trademark) typically consists of several components, namely two so-called mold halves and a bottom mold. The mold halves usually define the side and shoulder contours of the container, whereas the bottom mold is provided for shaping the container bottom, which is usually provided with supporting feet.

[0007] At the end of the moulding and filling process, the filled container is held in the mould, clamped between the moulding and filling element and the bottom mould. At the same time, the container is held in the area of ​​the container neck by a holder on the station side. Removing the moulding and filling element from the container immediately after opening the mould from the container results, as mentioned above, in the possibility that the filling material can reach the inner surfaces of the mould halves and the inner surface of the bottom mould from the area of ​​the moulding and filling element. Therefore, in the above mentioned patent application WO 2005 / 023361 A1, a cleaning of the inner space of the mould is proposed.

[0008] Furthermore, it is known in the prior art to provide the preform with an adapter or extension element, which subsequently travels together with the preform through further processing stations. Thus, for example, US 10,350,815 B2 shows an extension element which is attached to the mouth area of ​​the preform and subsequently transferred together with the preform to a forming and filling station arranged in a rotating manner on a working wheel. After deformation and filling of the preform, the filled container together with the attached extension element is finally conveyed further to another working wheel, where the container and the extension element are separated for subsequent closing of the container. The extension element is said to act as an anti-splash to prevent the filling from spilling out.

[0009] The object of the invention is to create a method and / or device in which, as far as possible, the filling does not reach the inner surface of the mould. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In order to achieve this object, the method according to the invention has the features of claim 1. It is provided in particular that the mould halves are removed from the respective containers before the moulding and filling elements and the bottom mould are separated from the containers. The mould halves are first removed from the respective containers, so that splashes of filling or drops of filling running down the container when the moulding and filling elements are subsequently lifted and removed are almost impossible to reach the inner surface of the mould halves. In the process, the respective container remains clamped between the moulding and filling elements and the bottom mould. Only later are the moulding and filling elements and the bottom mould separated from the container. An essential particularity of the method according to the invention is the embodied sequence of the individual steps. In contrast, in the prior art, the bottom mould and the side mould halves are removed from the containers at the same time, often in conjunction therewith.

[0011] According to a further concept of the invention, it can be provided for the mould halves to be removed laterally and / or diagonally downwards from the respective container, so that they can be moved to a non-hazardous position, i.e. protected from contamination by the filling material.

[0012] According to a further concept of the invention, it can be provided that the mould halves are moved downwards after a lateral and / or obliquely downwards movement, so that combined movements are also possible, for example a movement first having a lateral component and then a downwards movement relative to the container.

[0013] According to a further idea of ​​the invention, it can be provided that the respective container is held in the region of the container neck or the support ring during the separation of the container and the forming and filling element from one another. The support ring is preferably provided at the container neck, which is in any case more stable in terms of wall thickness than the other container parts and can then take the forces that would otherwise be received by the forming and filling element. Before the container and the forming and filling element are separated from one another, the container is gripped in the region of the container neck, preferably at the container neck, at the support ring or below the support ring.

[0014] According to a further concept of the invention, it can be provided that each container is held in the region of the container neck and on the bottom mould while the container and the moulding and filling element are separated from each other, at this stage the container can be clamped between the container neck and the bottom mould.

[0015] According to a further idea of ​​the invention, it can be provided that the bottom mould is removed downwards from the respective container while the container is held in the region of the container neck, the bottom mould therefore being preferably removed last after the mould halves and the moulding and filling elements have been removed from the container.

[0016] According to a further idea of ​​the invention, it can be provided that the respective container is held on or under a support ring while the bottom mould is removed downwards from the container, the container being provided with a support ring, preferably in the region of the container neck, where it can be held.

[0017] According to a further concept of the invention, it is possible to provide for the bottom mould to be separated from the respective container after the forming and filling elements in time, the time lag being in the range of seconds, so as to ensure that the remaining filling material does not reach the inner surface of the bottom mould but drips off before that.

[0018] According to a further idea of ​​the invention, it can be provided that after removal of the mould halves and before the separation of the bottom mould, each container is gripped by a take-out retainer in the region of the container neck or the support ring. The container is therefore gripped by a special retainer in said region and at this stage. Preferably, the take-out retainer holds the container at or under the support ring. The take-out retainer can also grip the container in the region that was previously covered by the mould halves.

[0019] According to a further concept of the invention, it can be provided that each container is held at the forming and filling station by a station-side holder, which holds the container together with the removal holder while the bottom mould and the forming and filling element are separated from the container, and that the station-side holder is subsequently removed from the container, this sequence ensuring that the container is always gripped by at least one of the holders.

[0020] The device provided for solving the above problem has the features of claim 11. An apparatus for producing filled containers from preforms is provided, which preferably comprises a rotary, in particular carousel-like (carousel-like) forming and filling station with forming and filling elements and moulds for receiving the preforms, in which the preforms can be transferred to the respective forming and filling elements and in which they can be transformed into the respective containers under the action of the pressure of the filling material supplied, in which the moulds are of multi-piece construction with a bottom mould and a mould half, in which the respective preforms can be clamped between the lower bottom mould and the upper forming and filling element during the forming and filling process, and in which the containers can be separated from the respective forming and filling elements and the respective moulds after forming and filling. It can be considered according to the invention that the mould halves can be removed from the respective containers before the forming and filling elements and the bottom mould are separated from the containers. The apparatus has for this purpose suitable controls and mechanisms for moving the mould halves, the bottom mould and the forming and filling elements.

[0021] According to a further concept of the invention it can be provided that the mould halves are movable laterally and / or diagonally downwards from the mould and fill position to the ejection position.

[0022] According to a further concept of the invention it can be provided that the mould halves are movable laterally and downwardly to the removal position.

[0023] In a manner known per se, station-side holders can be provided in each forming and filling station for gripping the preforms and containers in the region of the container neck or the support ring. Likewise, removal holders known per se can be provided in the region of the removal station for gripping the containers in the region of the container neck or the support ring. The filled containers should be temporarily held, in particular simultaneously, by the station-side holders and the removal holder before the station-side holders are released.

[0024] Further features of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and from the claims. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows, in schematic plan view from above, an apparatus for producing filled containers from preforms. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 shows a part of the apparatus of FIG. 1 in vertical section, in particular showing the mould with the filled container, in a first stage. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 shows the device part of FIG. 2 in a second stage. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows the device part of FIG. 3 in a third stage, with a slightly modified form. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0026] Reference is first made to FIG. 1. As in WO 2012 / 156014 A1, a number of forming and filling stations 11.1 to 11.8 are arranged in circumferential succession on the circumference of a working wheel 10. The numbering and the total number are chosen arbitrarily. More or fewer forming and filling stations can also be provided. The working wheel 10 and the forming and filling stations 11.1 to 11.8 form a carousel with a vertical axis of rotation, to which preforms 13 made of thermoplastic material are fed substantially tangentially by means of a transfer conveyor 12.

[0027] Each forming and filling station 11.1 to 11.8 has a forming and filling element 14 including a filling nozzle 15. During rotation on the working wheel 10, the preforms 13 are filled from the forming and filling element 14 and are simultaneously transformed into containers 16. The fully shaped containers 16 are transferred essentially tangentially to a take-up conveyor 18 in the region of a transfer point 17. Correspondingly, there are no containers 16 in the forming and filling station 11.8 exactly between the take-up conveyor 18 and the transfer conveyor 12. The working wheel 10 rotates clockwise in the illustrated plan view from above, whereas the transfer conveyor 12 and the take-up conveyor 18 rotate counterclockwise.

[0028] Each forming and filling station 11.1 to 11.8 is provided with a mould (not shown in FIG. 1) for receiving the preforms 13 and shaping them into containers 16 in addition to the forming and filling element 14. This mould can be seen in FIGS. 2 to 4 and consists, in a known manner, of two mould halves 19, 20 and a bottom mould 21. FIGS. 2 to 4 relate to the finished container 16 and generally to the progress between the position of the forming and filling station 11.6 and the take-out conveyor 18. In this area, the filling and shaping of the container 16 is completed. The container 16 is then cooled so that it has a sufficient shape stability. In addition, the mould parts (mould halves 19, 20 and bottom mould 21) on the one hand and the forming and filling element 14 on the other hand as well as the other parts of the device shown are moved in a special manner.

[0029] 2, container 16 is held between mold halves 19, 20, bottom mold 21 and nozzle 15 of mold and fill element 14. Container 16 is sandwiched between bottom mold 21 and nozzle 15 to ensure a tight seal between container opening 22 at the upper end of container neck 23 and nozzle 15.

[0030] Furthermore, the containers 16 are held in the region of the container neck 23 by a station-side retainer 24 which is provided with retaining cheeks 25, 26. The retainer 24 is therefore a constituent part of each moulding and filling station 11.1 to 11.8.

[0031] The container 16 has a support ring 27 at the lower end of the container neck 23 and is additionally provided on the outside with a thread (not shown) for screwing on a cap. With regard to its external shape, the container 16 corresponds, for example, to commercially available PET bottles for mineral water or other so-called soft drinks.

[0032] The nozzle 15 abuts the container neck 23 with a circumferential seal 28 .

[0033] After filling and shaping of the container 16, here first both mould halves 19, 20 are removed from the container 16 and moved laterally (see arrows 29a). For this purpose, holding and movement means not shown in the drawings are provided, such as support arms or levers which are driven to be movable in a rotary or translational manner. The new positions of the mould halves obtained by the lateral movement are illustrated in figures 2 and 3 by the dotted representation of the mould halves 19', 20'. At this stage, the bottom mould 21 still rests against the container 16, so that the container 16 remains clamped between the moulding and filling element 14 and the bottom mould 21, whereas the mould halves 19, 20 are moved laterally away from the container 16.

[0034] As can be seen from Figure 2, the mould halves 19, 20 reach just below the support ring 27. After the above-mentioned lateral movement of the mould halves 19, 20, the container 16 is gripped by the holding cheeks 30, 31 of the take-out retainer 32 in the now freely accessible area of ​​the support ring 27, so that temporarily both the station-side retainer 24 and the take-out retainer 32 hold the container 16 (see Figure 3).

[0035] In the next step, the mould halves 19, 20 are moved downwards or obliquely downwards (see arrow 29b and the mould halves 19", 20" outlined in dashed lines in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). The distance of the mould halves 19", 20" to the container 16 preferably corresponds to 1 to 4 times the container diameter. As shown in Fig. 3, the mould halves 19", 20" are preferably lowered by 20% to 100%, in particular by approximately 30%, relative to the container height. In this way, no splashes of the filling material will land on the mould halves in the next step.

[0036] 4, in the next step the moulding and filling element 14 is lifted out of the container opening 22. The container 16 is still held by the station holder 24 and the removal holder 32. The bottom mould 21 also still rests below on the container 16.

[0037] Depending on the pressure inside the container 16, in particular after filling with a carbonized filling, fill residues 33 come out from the forming and filling element 14 or from the container opening 22, for example laterally as splashes or as drops running down along the container 16, as shown in FIG. 4. The mould halves 19", 20" are so spaced apart that their inner surfaces are not wetted with splashes or drops. The drops run down along the outside of the container 16 and along the outside of the bottom mould 21. The splashes fly over the top of the mould halves. The inner surface of the bottom mould 21 also does not get wet. Optimal hygienic conditions are maintained. Error points when producing other containers after receiving a new preform are avoided.

[0038] The position shown in Fig. 4 is maintained for a certain time, so that complete dripping can be ensured. Only afterwards is the bottom mould 21 lowered and separated from the container 16 (see arrow 34). The time provided for dripping corresponds to a certain partial revolution or angle α travelled of the actuating wheel 10 (see Fig. 1). This angle α is preferably between 5° and 30°.

[0039] The bottom mould 21 is lowered only after the remainder of the charge 33 has flowed off. Due to the rotational movement of the actuating wheel 10, the remainder of the charge 33 is also partially blown off.

[0040] The container 16 is then transferred to the removal conveyor 18. For this purpose, the station-side holder 24 releases its holding cheeks 25, 26 from the container neck 23.

[0041] After the container 16 has been delivered to the unloading conveyor 18, the mould halves 19, 20 and bottom mould 21 are returned to a position generally ready to receive the next preform 13 and allow rapid closure of the mould.

[0042] 2 and 3 on the one hand and FIG. 4 on the other hand show different bottom moulds 21. These bottom moulds 21 are either smaller in diameter than the container 16 (see FIG. 2 and 3) or overhang slightly laterally beyond the container 16 (see FIG. 4). In both cases, dripping of the remainder 33 of the filling is possible. With the somewhat narrower configuration of the bottom moulds 21 according to FIG. 2 and 3, the dripping process is somewhat more reliable. If the other bottom mould 21 according to FIG. 4 is used, mould halves can be adapted in the lower region.

[0043] The mould halves 19, 20 are not really "halves" since at least a bottom mould 21 is additionally provided. Instead of two mould halves it is also possible to provide more elements, which together perform the functions of the mould halves shown here. A mould half is understood as usual as one mould element which defines the side and shoulder contour of the container 16 up to the container neck 23 below the support ring 27 in this example. The preform 13 used is typically already provided with the container neck 23 and the support ring 27. [Explanation of symbols]

[0044] 10 Actuating Wheels 11.1 Forming and filling station 11.2 Forming and filling station 11.3 Forming and filling stations 11.4 Forming and filling stations 11.5 Forming and filling stations 11.6 Forming and filling stations 11.7 Forming and filling stations 11.8 Forming and filling stations 12 Delivery conveyor 13 Preformed products 14 Molding and filling elements 15 Filling Nozzle 16 Container 17 Delivery point 18 Removal conveyor 19 type half part 19' Mold half 19 in other positions 19” Mold halves in other positions 19 20 type half part 20' Mold half 20 in other position 20” Mold halves in other positions 20 21 Bottom mold 22 Container opening 23 Container neck 24 Station side holder 25 Retention cheek part 26 Retention cheek part 27 Support Ring 28 Seal 29a Arrow 29b Arrow 30 Retention cheek part 31 Retention cheek part 32 Removal holder 33 Remaining filling 34 Arrow α Angular range

Claims

1. A method for producing filled containers (16) from preforms (13) in a rotary forming and filling station arranged on a working wheel, the method comprising: a mold belonging to the station and therefore rotating therewith; and forming and filling elements belonging to the station and therefore rotating therewith, the method comprising the steps of: filling of the preform with a liquid filling material is carried out by the molding and filling element, which comprises at least one filling nozzle, which during the filling process seals the opening of the preform directed upwards, so that the filling material does not flow out uncontrollably, and which can be removed from the opening and the mould opened to remove the filled container, said preforms (13) are transferred to the respective rotary forming and filling elements (14) of forming and filling stations (11.1-11.8) and, in the subsequent forming and filling process, are transformed in a mould into the respective containers (16) under the pressure of the supplied filling material, said mould being of multi-piece construction with a bottom mould (21) and mould halves (19, 20), each of said containers (16) being clamped between the lower bottom mould (21) and the upper forming and filling element (14) at least at the end of the forming and filling process, and further said containers (16) are separated from the respective forming and filling elements (14) and from the respective moulds after forming and filling, the mould halves (19, 20) are removed from their respective containers (16) before the forming and filling element (14) and the bottom mould (21) are separated from the container (16); The method comprising:

2. the mould halves (19, 20) are removed laterally and / or diagonally downwards from their respective containers (16); The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that

3. the mould halves (19, 20) are moved downwards after a lateral movement and / or a movement directed obliquely downwards, The method according to claim 2 , characterized in that

4. each said container (16) is held in the region of a container neck (23) or a support ring (27) while said container (16) and said forming and filling element (14) are separated from each other; The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

5. each said container (16) is held in the region of the container neck (23) and on said bottom mould (21) while said container (16) and said moulding and filling element (14) are separated from each other, The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that

6. the bottom mould (21) is removed from each container (16) downwards while the container (16) is held in the area of ​​the container neck (23); The method according to claim 5, characterized in that

7. each said container (16) is held at or under a support ring (27) while said bottom mould (21) is removed downwards from said container (16); The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that

8. said bottom mould (21) being separated from the respective container (16) temporally after said moulding and filling element (14); The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that

9. each said container (16) is gripped in the region of the container neck (23) or of the support ring (27) by a take-off retainer (32) after removal of the mould halves (19, 20) and before separation of the bottom mould (21); The method according to claim 8, characterized in that

10. each said container (16) being held at said moulding and filling stations (11.1-11.8) by a station-side retainer (24), said station-side retainer (24) holding said container (16) together with said removal retainer (32) during the separation of said bottom mould (21) and said moulding and filling element (14) from said container (16), and subsequently said station-side retainer (24) being removed from said container (16); The method according to claim 9, characterized in that 11. An apparatus for producing filled containers (16) from preforms (13), comprising a rotary forming and filling station (11.1-11.8) arranged on a working wheel, the station having forming and filling elements (14) and a mould for receiving the preforms (13), comprising: filling of the preform with a liquid filling material is carried out by the molding and filling element, which comprises at least one filling nozzle, which during the filling process seals the opening of the preform directed upwards, so that the filling material does not flow out uncontrollably, and which can be removed from the opening and the mould opened to remove the filled container, said preforms (13) can be transferred to said respective forming and filling elements (14) and can be transformed in said moulds into said respective containers (16) under the action of pressure of a filling material supplied therein, said moulds being of a multi-piece construction with a bottom mould (21) and mould halves (19, 20), each container (16) can be clamped between said lower bottom mould (21) and said upper forming and filling element (14) at least at the end of the forming and filling process, and said containers (16) can be separated from each of said forming and filling elements (14) and from each of said moulds after forming and filling, said mould halves (19, 20) are removable from their respective containers (16) before the forming and filling element (14) and the bottom mould (21) are separated from said container (16); An apparatus comprising:

12. said mould halves (19, 20) being movable laterally and / or diagonally downwards from a moulding and filling position to an ejection position; The device according to claim 11 , characterized in that

13. said mould halves (19, 20) being movable laterally and downwardly to said removal position; The device according to claim 12 , characterized in that

14. Apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterised in that the forming and filling stations (11.1 to 11.8) are carousel-like.

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