Moss cultivation medium, method for setting up a moss cultivation medium, object to be cultivated, medium on which plants are planted, and method for constructing the moss cultivation medium.

Abstract

To provide a moss cultivation medium capable of humidifying or releasing moisture to seed moss at an appropriate timing and enabling the seed moss to grow smoothly and efficiently, a method for setting the moss cultivation medium, a medium for planting an object to be cultivated, and a method for constructing the moss cultivation medium. [Solution] Moss cultivation medium 1 is used by spreading it over parks, rooftops, roofs, sloping surfaces, wall surfaces, etc. The moss cultivation medium 1 is made by dispersing perlite particles 3 between a pair of hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2, the outer surface 2a of one of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2 being used as the application surface, seed moss 4 being scattered on the outer surface 2b of the other of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2, and the space between the inner surfaces of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics being a welded portion 5. The hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2 is manufactured using fibers that attract moisture from the air and store it inside the fibers to absorb a large amount of moisture under a wide range of environments from low to high humidity.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a moss cultivation medium, a method for setting up a moss cultivation medium, an object to be cultivated, a medium in which plants are planted, and a method for establishing a moss cultivation medium. [Background technology]

[0002] Moss' preferred environment varies depending on the type of moss, with temperature, humidity, moisture, brightness, etc. There are an almost infinite number of types of moss, including the commonly seen sunagoke moss, which is extremely resistant to high temperatures and does not require much moisture, making it suitable for use as a heat island countermeasure on urban rooftops. Commonly seen moss, cedar moss, and Japanese cypress moss, which are often seen in gardens, all require watering. However, moss also has the ability to grow tenaciously without human intervention. In any case, the green of moss is as beautiful as an artificial carpet, and it also purifies the air, making it fresh and refreshing. This results in a soothing feeling. Moss is an indispensable part of the global environment.

[0003] Focusing on the characteristics of such moss, moss sheets in which moss plants are sprouted on a nonwoven fabric sheet are known as a means for greening concrete and stone surfaces. When cultivating such moss sheets, attempts have been made to germinate moss plants using various culture media. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a moss mat cultivation method in which a rock wool mat having a front and back surface is used as a culture medium, and moss seeds are sown on the front surface to cultivate moss plants, with the aim of providing a moss cultivation medium, a moss mat, and a greening panel equipped with the same that can improve the efficiency of cultivation and enable the cultivation of a durable moss mat. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2005-160315 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 had the problem that the moss seeds were not moistened or dehumidified at appropriate times, making it difficult to achieve smooth and efficient growth of the moss seeds.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems with the conventional technology, and aims to provide a moss cultivation medium that allows seed moss to be humidified or released at the appropriate time, allowing the seed moss to grow smoothly and efficiently, a method for setting up the moss cultivation medium, a substrate, a medium on which plants are planted, and a method for setting up the moss cultivation medium. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The moss cultivation medium of the present invention is characterized in that it is formed by combining a moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabric and perlite particles.

[0008] This moss cultivation medium is preferably made by dispersing perlite particles between a pair of hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics, with the outer surface of one of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics being the application surface and seed moss being scattered on the outer surface of the other of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics, and the inner surfaces of each of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics being welded together.

[0009] It is preferable that the moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabric has a moisture-releasing function.

[0010] It is preferable that the moisture-absorbent nonwoven fabric absorbs or releases moisture according to the surrounding environment.

[0011] It is preferable that the moisture-absorbent nonwoven fabric has moisture absorption performance such that the moisture absorption rate is 70% or more within 5 hours in an environment of 30°C and 90% RH, and moisture release performance such that the moisture absorption rate is 20% or less within 5 hours in an environment of 20°C and 50% RH. This allows the seed moss to be moistened or dehumidified at the appropriate time, allowing the seed moss to grow smoothly and efficiently.

[0012] The perlite particles are preferably perlite and have a particle size of 1 to 3 mm. If the particle size is less than 1 mm, the water retention is insufficient, and if the particle size exceeds 3 mm, the flexibility as a moss cultivation medium is impaired.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for setting a moss cultivation medium of the present invention is characterized by adjusting the moisture absorption and / or moisture release performance of the moisture-absorbent nonwoven fabric of the moss cultivation medium.

[0014] It is preferable that the moss cultivation medium is composed of a pair of hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics with perlite particles dispersed between them, the outer surface of one of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics being used as the application surface, seed moss being scattered on the outer surface of the other of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics, and the inner surfaces of each of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics being welded together.

[0015] The object to which the moss cultivation medium of the present invention is applied is characterized in that the moss cultivation medium is applied to a flat and / or inclined and / or vertical and / or curved surface.

[0016] The object to be treated may be a building.

[0017] The medium in which the plant of the present invention is planted is characterized in that the moss cultivation medium of the present invention is placed on the upper surface of the medium in which the plant is planted so as to cover the medium.

[0018] The application method of the moss cultivation medium of the present invention is characterized in that the moss cultivation medium of the present invention is attached to a structure with an adhesive.

[0019] In addition, the method of constructing the moss cultivation medium of the present invention is characterized by fixing the moss cultivation medium of the present invention by inserting pins, and scattering fine sand and / or mud between the moss seeds of the fixed moss cultivation medium.

[0020] In addition, the construction method of the moss cultivation medium of the present invention is characterized in that after preparing the medium by planting seed moss in the moss cultivation medium, a nursing period is given in which the moss takes root and new shoots appear, during which it is grown in equipment with the appropriate humidity (water spray function), light (plant lighting equipment), wind (equipment that blows a gentle breeze), and / or temperature, and then the moss is moved to the required location outdoors.

[0021] According to the moss cultivation medium of the present invention, rainwater is stored between the hygroscopic nonwoven fabric and the perlite particles, and on fine days the stored water turns into water vapor and rises, moistening the moss. The welding between the inner surfaces of the moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabrics may be performed by ultrasonic welding.

[0022] A mesh sheet may be attached to at least one of the front and back surfaces of the moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabric. This reinforces the moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabric, and a moss mat is cultivated that can be rolled up with the moss plant side facing inward and the opposite side to the mesh sheet facing outward. This moss mat allows a large area of ​​moss mat to be compactly packed, and when a large area of ​​moss mat is to be laid, it can be easily laid by simply spreading out the compact moss mat, which greatly reduces the amount of work. Effect of the Invention

[0023] According to the present invention, there are provided a moss cultivation medium which improves the efficiency of moss cultivation and enables seed moss to grow smoothly and efficiently, a method for setting up the moss cultivation medium, a substrate, a medium on which plants are planted, and a method for setting up the moss cultivation medium. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a moss cultivation medium according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the characteristics of the moss cultivation medium of FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is another explanatory diagram showing the characteristics of the moss cultivation medium of FIG. 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0025] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the moss cultivation medium according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a moss mat, i.e., a moss cultivation medium, according to one embodiment of the present invention. The moss mat 1, i.e., the moss cultivation medium 1, is used by spreading it over parks, rooftops, roofs, slopes, walls, etc. for greening. The moss cultivation medium 1 is made by dispersing perlite particles 3 between a pair of hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2, the outer surface 2a of one of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2 being the application surface, seed moss 4 being scattered on the outer surface 2b of the other hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2, and an ultrasonic welding portion 5 being formed between the inner surfaces of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics.

[0027] Here, the moisture-absorbent nonwoven fabric 2 is manufactured using fibers that attract moisture from the air in a wide range of environments from low humidity to high humidity, store it inside the fibers, and absorb a large amount of moisture, as shown in Figure 2. One such fiber is Belloasis (registered trademark) manufactured and sold by Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd., which has the moisture absorption characteristics shown in Figure 2. Such fibers have the following characteristics. (1) High moisture absorption capacity As shown in FIG. 2, it exhibits a moisture absorption rate of approximately 150% at 20°C and 95% RH. It has particularly high moisture absorption capacity under high humidity conditions (65% RH or higher). (2) As shown in Figure 2, it also has moisture releasing ability at 20 degrees Celsius and 80% RH. Further features of Bell Oasis include the following: -Excellent moisture absorption and release properties It has a moisture absorption capacity about seven times that of cotton and about twice that of type B silica gel. -Fast water intake speed The large surface area allows it to absorb water quickly and does not easily let water escape even when pressure is applied. -Excellent flame retardancy It has excellent flame retardancy and does not burn easily. -High deodorizing performance It has particularly strong deodorizing properties against ammonia, and can be used repeatedly by drying in the sun. Long-lasting performance Its performance does not deteriorate even after repeated water and moisture absorption. -Lightweight and flexible with a supple feel. -Excellent durability It has high light resistance, and its water absorption performance does not decrease due to light. It is also durable against various organic solvents (acetone, benzene, alcohol, etc.). -Excellent heat resistance It has a heat resistance of over 150°C, and its water and moisture absorption performance is not affected by heat. Earth-friendly It has a low calorific value when burned (4200 cal / g) and is easy to incinerate. In addition, Bell Oasis provides the following safety features: Acute oral toxicity: LD50≧2000mg / kg Acute skin irritation: No irritation Acute eye irritation: No irritation ·Skin sensitization: negative Mutagenicity: Negative ·Skin corrosion: Semi-negative

[0028] As shown in FIG. 3, the moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabric 2 can quickly absorb a large amount of moisture under high humidity conditions and quickly release moisture under low humidity conditions, and has the following characteristics. (1) Absorbs and releases moisture according to the surrounding environment. (2) High moisture absorption and release rate (3) The amount of moisture absorption can be controlled by design. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the moisture-absorbent nonwoven fabric 2 has moisture absorption performance that results in a moisture absorption rate of 70% or more within 5 hours in an environment of 30°C and 90% RH, and moisture release performance that results in a moisture absorption rate of 20% or less within 5 hours in an environment of 20°C and 50% RH.

[0029] Igneous rock, the raw material of perlite particles 3, has the property that when heated at high temperatures, the water contained therein evaporates rapidly and the rock foams several to several tens of times. This foaming creates many cavities inside. The presence of many cavities makes perlite particles 3 porous, and the cavities serve as passageways for air and water.

[0030] Perlite, the material of perlite particles 3, is lava erupted by volcanic activity. When lava erupted by volcanic activity suddenly hardens in water, it is formed into a glass-like rock. There are two types of perlite: "obsidian perlite" and "pearlstone perlite." Obsidian perlite is slightly rounded and has a characteristic smooth appearance. It has a low water content and excellent permeability, and when mixed into soil, it improves soil drainage. On the other hand, perrlstone perlite has a rough surface and smaller grains than obsidian. Because it has a high water content, the grains break when it foams, allowing water to penetrate deep into the grains. This allows it to retain water efficiently. This shows that obsidian perlite has excellent drainage properties, while pearlite perlite has excellent water retention properties.

[0031] In this embodiment, "perlite" is used as the perlite particles 3, and particles having a particle size of about 1 to 3 mm are used. This "perlite" itself can efficiently absorb and retain large amounts of rainwater and moisture from the atmosphere, and when the surrounding environment begins to dry out, it begins to release the stored water (in the form of water vapor) into the moss laid on the top surface of the medium.

[0032] Unlike other plants, moss grows by absorbing water not from its roots but from its leaves, so keeping the medium moist contributes to good growth. In this embodiment, a moss cultivation medium 1 is formed by combining a hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2 and perlite particles 3. When rain falls on the medium, the moss cultivation medium 1 absorbs the water due to the combined functions of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2 and the perlite particles 3, and becomes able to hold and retain a large amount of water and moisture.

[0033] On the other hand, depending on the changes in the surrounding temperature and humidity, the water that has been absorbed and retained is released as water vapor. This process is repeated according to changes in the environmental conditions. This allows the moss to continue to receive moisture and humidity. Therefore, even during the hot summer months when there is no rain, there is little or no need to water the moss by humans, which promotes its growth and contributes to its vibrant appearance.

[0034] In addition, since both the moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabric 2 and the perlite particles 3 that make up the moss cultivation medium 1 are lightweight, it is possible to lay lush moss on the rooftops of buildings, etc., without placing a heavy weight burden on the buildings, as a measure against the heat island effect in big cities such as Tokyo, which has become a problem in recent years.

[0035] In addition, during the cold winter months, the moss is placed on top of the moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabric 2, and so due to the insulating effect and flexibility of the nonwoven fabric itself, it continues to survive in a state of hibernation even when temperatures are close to freezing, and thanks to the unique properties of the moss, it is able to wait for spring and will not disappear.

[0036] First of all, moss needs moisture. However, if it is left completely submerged in excess water, it will begin to rot, and if it is allowed to dry out for an extended period of time, it will deteriorate and lose its beautiful green color.

[0037] The moss cultivation medium 1 of this embodiment is mainly composed of a moisture-absorbent nonwoven fabric 2 that is characterized by its water absorption, water retention and moisture release properties, so that the moss 4 is never completely immersed in water. The moss cultivation medium 1 of this embodiment employs a structure in which perlite particles 3 are dispersed and sandwiched between a pair of hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2, and the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2 themselves are made as nonwoven fabrics with a thickness of 1.5 mm. As a result, the pair of hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2 as a whole has a thickness of 3 mm. The overall volume of the pair of hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2 obtained by this thickness provides the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2 with sufficient water absorption, water retention, and water release capabilities. The upper surface of the pair of hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2 may be 1.5 mm thick and the lower surface may be 3.5 mm thick, resulting in a total thickness of 5 mm. In this case, if the thickness of hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2 is less than 1.5 mm, the water absorption, water retention and water release capabilities of hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2 will be insufficient. On the other hand, if the thickness of hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2 exceeds 3.5 mm, the water absorption, water retention and water release capabilities of hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2 will be excessive.

[0038] Furthermore, since the pair of hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2 themselves are nonwoven fabrics, they have the characteristic of being highly flexible. Therefore, the moss cultivation medium 1 has extremely good conformability to the construction surface. This conformability makes it possible to apply the tape not only to flat surfaces, but also to vertical and curved surfaces. In this case, perlite particles 3 are sandwiched between a pair of moisture-absorbent nonwoven fabrics 2, so that when the moss cultivation medium 1 is applied to the construction surface, the perlite particles 3 provide a cushioning effect.

[0039] Due to the flexibility, which is one of the characteristics of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2, if a person walks on the moss cultivation medium 1, the hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2 may sink due to the weight of the person, and the water it holds may be sprayed out of the moss cultivation medium 1 like a water gun, splashing on the person walking on the moss cultivation medium 1. However, the perlite particles 3, which are the other water-absorbing and water-retaining material other than the hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2 and have rigidity and are sandwiched between the hygroscopic nonwoven fabrics 2, have a thickness of 1 to 3 mm. This absorbs the sinking energy caused by the weight of the person walking on the moss cultivation medium 1, and suppresses the sinking. As a result of suppressing the sinking of the hygroscopic nonwoven fabric 2, less water will splash on the person walking on the moss cultivation medium 1, and even if there is some water, the force of the water will be suppressed.

[0040] In addition, both the nonwoven moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabric 2 and the perlite particles 3 are themselves flame-retardant, so even if a person were to litter a lit cigarette butt on the moss cultivation medium 1, it would be possible to prevent it from catching fire. In addition, when BELLOASIS is applied to the moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabric 2, the effects of droppings from dogs, cats, and birds can be suppressed because the fabric itself is resistant to ammonia.

[0041] [Example of application] An application example of the moss cultivation medium 1 of this embodiment will be described below. (1) Place a new moss cultivation medium 1 on the top surface of the medium such as sand and mud for ornamental plants in flower pots, planters, etc., so as to cover the mud and sand. In this case, fern moss is mainly suitable. It is possible to prevent weeds from growing in ornamental plants in flower pots, planters, etc., improve environmental hygiene, improve the aesthetic appearance, and reduce the number of times watering is required. (2) Moss cultivation medium 1 is used to combat the heat island effect on the rooftops of buildings. Moss, which is resistant to dryness, is the most suitable. (3) Moss cultivation medium 1 is used to improve the appearance of the garden, suppress weeds, and protect against high temperatures, and contribute to the supply of clean air. Most suitable species are cedar moss and fern moss.

[0042] [Construction method] The construction method varies greatly depending on the installation site. When the construction surface is a hard surface such as concrete or a steel plate surface, the moss cultivation medium 1 is attached with an adhesive such as a waterproof and weatherproof bond. In that case, since the moss cultivation medium 1 is lightweight, it can be attached to the vertical surface of the structure.

[0043] The moss cultivation medium 1 is fixed to the ground (such as sandy or muddy ground) by pin insertion or the like. At that time, a method can be adopted in which fine sand or mud is placed between the moss seeds 4 on the fixed moss cultivation medium 1 so that the moss seeds 4 are slightly hidden.

[0044] [Example] Moss cultivation medium 1 was used for outdoor construction. After seed moss 4 was planted on moss cultivation medium 1, it took about one month for the moss to take root and sprout, and three months for the moss to fully grow. (Actual measurements) Therefore, during that time, they were not moved outdoors. At least during that period, they were grown in a facility that was designed to provide proper humidity (with a water spray function), light (a lighting fixture for plants), wind (a device that creates a gentle breeze), temperature, etc. It was then moved to a designated outdoor location. In this case, application was performed not only on flat surfaces, but also on vertical and curved surfaces. When applying the moss cultivation medium 1 to the application surfaces, the buffering effect of the perlite particles 3 made it easy to apply the moss cultivation medium 1, and the moss on the moss cultivation medium 1 grew smoothly on each application surface. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 1...Moss cultivation medium 1, 2...Moisture-absorbing nonwoven fabric, 3...Perlite particles, 4...Moss seeds, 5...Ultrasonic welded part.

Claims

1. A method for using a moss cultivation medium, which is formed by combining a moisture absorbing and releasing nonwoven fabric and perlite particles, wherein the moisture absorbing and releasing nonwoven fabric has a moisture absorption performance of 70% or more moisture absorption rate within 5 hours in an environment of 30 degrees C and 90% RH, and a moisture release performance of 20% or less moisture absorption rate within 5 hours in an environment of 20 degrees C and 50% RH, characterized in that the moss cultivation medium is laid on top of sand and mud for ornamental plants so as to cover the sand and mud.

2. 2. The method for using a moss cultivation medium according to claim 1, wherein the moss cultivation medium is formed by dispersing perlite particles between a pair of moisture absorptive and desorbing nonwoven fabrics, the outer surface of one of the moisture absorptive and desorbing nonwoven fabrics is used as an application surface, seed moss is spread on the outer surface of the other moisture absorptive and desorbing nonwoven fabric, and the inner surfaces of the moisture absorptive and desorbing nonwoven fabrics are welded together.

3. A method for using a moss cultivation medium according to claim 1, wherein the perlite particles are perlite and have a particle size of 1 to 3 mm.

4. 2. A method for using a moss cultivation medium according to claim 1, comprising the steps of fixing the moss cultivation medium by inserting pins, and scattering fine sand and / or mud between the moss seeds of the fixed moss cultivation medium.

5. A method for using a moss cultivation medium as described in claim 1, in which seed moss is planted in the moss cultivation medium to prepare a medium, and then the moss is grown in a facility with the appropriate humidity (water spray function), light (plant lighting equipment), wind (equipment that blows a gentle breeze), and / or temperature for a nursing period until the moss takes root and new shoots appear, and then the moss is moved to a required location outdoors.

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