Spinal Axial Connector

Abstract

A medical adapter assembly is described that includes an end including a neuraxial fitting that cannot be directly connected to a standard luer fitting, an opposing end including a standard luer fitting that can be connected to a standard luer fitting of an intravenous medical device, and a check valve that allows fluid flow from the end with the standard luer fitting to the end with the neuraxial fitting and prevents fluid flow from the end with the neuraxial fitting to the end with the standard luer fitting. Methods of using the medical adapter assembly and kits that include the medical adapter assembly are also described.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure relate to a medical adapter assembly that allows for the connection of neuraxial instruments to instruments having standard Luer fittings. [Background technology]

[0002] Current anesthesia procedures use a general-purpose syringe attached to a spinal or epidural needle. The interface connection between the syringe and the needle is governed by an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 80369-7 or standard "Luer" connection. As an example, in a typical epidural blood patch procedure, the same syringe is used to withdraw blood directly from or through an existing intravenous medical device and to administer the withdrawn blood into the epidural space of the patient.

[0003] ISO 80369-7:2016 defines the specifications for standard Luer connectors, including a 6% taper between the distal and proximal ends. Male standard Luer connectors increase from the open distal end towards the proximal end. Female standard Luer connectors decrease from the open proximal end towards the distal end. According to ISO 80369-7:2016, male standard Luer connectors have an outer cross-sectional dimension between 3.970 mm and 4.072 mm at 0.75 mm from the distal end of the tip. The length of the male standard Luer taper is between 7.500 mm and 10.500 mm. The outer cross-sectional dimension at 7.500 mm from the distal end of the tip is between 4.376 mm and 4.476 mm. As used herein, the phrases "male standard luer connector" and "female standard luer connector" shall refer to connectors having dimensions set forth in ISO 80369-7, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0004] The convenience and near universal adoption of Luer connections provide the opportunity for numerous misconnection / misroute administration incidents. The problem is the risk of misroute administration of medications made possible by the use of the same connection for vastly different target applications (e.g., use of Luer connections for unrelated delivery systems: vascular, enteral, respiratory, epidural, and intrathecal). As a result, healthcare providers may inadvertently connect the wrong systems together, causing fluids (e.g., medications, enteral nutrition) or gases (e.g., oxygen) to be misroute. In this regard, reports can be found of unintended neuraxial administration of virtually any drug intended for intravenous administration, and vice versa, of unintended intravenous administration of drugs intended for neuraxial administration. Such mishaps can have devastating consequences. For example, in 2007, there were four incidents in which the chemotherapy drug vincristine was mistakenly administered by the intrathecal route instead of the intended intravenous route.

[0005] In response, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has developed standards for small bore connectors for medical use. In 2016, an ISO standard, "EN ISO 80369-6:2016 / ISO 80369-6:2016: Small bore connectors for liquids and gases in healthcare applications - Part 6: Connectors for neuraxial applications" was developed to address the importance of preventing misconnections between small bore connectors used in various medical applications. ISO 80369-6 specifies the dimensions and geometry of both the female (needle side) and male (syringe side) connectors. This ISO 80369-6 standard also results in cases where neuraxial syringes are not compatible with devices equipped with standard Luer connectors that comply with ISO 80369-7. Thus, a syringe that complies with ISO 80369-6 will not misconnect to a needle hub that complies with the ISO 80369-7 standard. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Restricting the use of standard Luer tips and connectors for use with vascular access systems is one consensus accepted by device manufacturers and regulatory agencies. The recent adoption of ISO 80369-6 provides a uniform standard for small bore connectors for neuraxial applications. However, the adoption of ISO 830369-6 complicates the ability to complete certain anesthesia procedures using currently available medical equipment, particularly in neuraxial anesthesia such as spinal and epidural anesthesia. It would be desirable to provide connectors, methods, and kits that facilitate anesthesia procedures with existing medical equipment. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A first aspect of the present disclosure relates to a medical adapter assembly. In one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly includes a first end including an axial fitting that is not directly connectable to a standard luer fitting, a second end opposite the first end including a standard luer fitting that is connectable to a standard luer fitting of an intravenous medical device, and a check valve that allows fluid flow from the second end to the first end and prevents fluid flow from the first end to the second end.

[0008] A second aspect of the disclosure relates to a method, in one or more embodiments, the method includes connecting a syringe including a syringe barrel and a distal tip including a neuraxial fitting that is not directly connectable to a standard luer fitting to a medical adapter assembly including a first end including the neuraxial fitting, a second end opposite the first end including a luer fitting that is not directly connectable to the neuraxial fitting, and a check valve that prevents fluid flow from the first end to the second end, disconnecting the medical adapter assembly from the syringe, and connecting the neuraxial fitting to a neuraxial needle.

[0009] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a kit. In one or more embodiments, the kit includes a medical adapter assembly, a syringe, and a needle. In one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly includes a first end including a neuraxial fitting that cannot be directly connected to a standard luer fitting, a second end opposite the first end including a standard luer fitting that can be connected to a standard luer fitting of an intravenous medical device, and a check valve that allows fluid flow from the second end to the first end and prevents fluid flow from the first end to the second end. In one or more embodiments, the syringe includes a distal tip that includes a neuraxial fitting that cannot be directly connected to a standard luer fitting. In one or more embodiments, the needle is selected from a spinal subarachnoid needle and an epidural needle. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a syringe barrel according to one or more embodiments. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 shows a chart comparing the existing ISO standards for standard Luer connectors and the new standards for male and female connectors for neuraxial applications. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a blood collection set showing an incompatible connection between a syringe and a standard Luer adapter according to the prior art. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a blood collection set showing the compatible connection between an endoaxial syringe and a standard Luer adapter. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a medical adapter assembly according to one or more embodiments. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a front view of the medical adapter assembly shown in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] FIG. 6 is a rear view of the medical adapter assembly shown in FIG. 5. [Figure 8] 8 is a cross-sectional view of the medical adapter assembly taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 6. [Figure 9]FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a blood collection set including a medical adapter assembly according to one or more embodiments. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 illustrates the blood collection set of FIG. 9 in an assembled configuration, according to one or more embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Before describing certain example embodiments of the present disclosure, it is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the details of structure or method steps set forth in the following description as the present disclosure is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in various ways.

[0012] In this disclosure, the convention is followed that the distal end of the instrument is the end closest to the patient and the proximal end of the instrument is the end away from the patient and closest to the practitioner or caregiver.

[0013] As used herein, the term "non-connectable" with respect to male and female connectors refers to a connector having a shape, size, dimension, or structure that prevents connection to another connector. For example, a female luer connector has a shape, size, dimension, and / or structure that prevents it from forming a connection with a male non-luer connector, and therefore is not connectable with respect to a male non-luer connector. However, such a female luer connector has a shape, size, dimension, and / or structure that allows it to connect with a male luer connector, and therefore is connectable with respect to a male luer connector. In another example, a female non-luer connector has a shape, size, dimension, and / or structure that prevents it from connecting with a male luer connector, and therefore is not connectable with respect to a male luer connector. Such a female non-luer connector has a shape, size, dimension, and / or structure that allows it to connect with a male non-luer connector, and therefore is a connector that is connectable with a male non-luer connector.

[0014] As used herein, the term "not directly connectable" means that there is no intervening equipment between the two fittings. For example, in one or more embodiments, a medical adapter assembly includes a first end that includes a neuraxial fitting that is not directly connectable to a standard luer fitting. Thus, there is no intervening equipment between the neuraxial fitting and the standard luer fitting.

[0015] As used herein, the term "dimension" is intended to include the length, diameter, or width of a geometric shape or component of a geometric shape as described herein. The term "cross-sectional diameter" is intended to include the measured dimension of the longest or greatest distance between two points on the edge of a cross-section of an object or component having a circular or non-circular cross-section.

[0016] The two points may be located on the inner or outer surface of the edge of the cross section of the object. The cross-sectional diameter of the two points located on the inner surface of the edge of the cross section of the object shall be referred to as the "inner cross-sectional diameter", the cross-sectional dimension of the two points located on the outside shall be referred to as the "inner cross-sectional dimension", and the cross-sectional diameter of the two points located on the outer surface of the edge of the cross section of the object shall be referred to as the "outer cross-sectional diameter". It should be recognized that the "cross-sectional diameter" of an object having a circular cross section may be referred to as the "cross-sectional dimension" or "diameter" of the object. The terms "cross-sectional dimension", "cross-sectional diameter" and "diameter" may be used interchangeably for objects having a circular cross section.

[0017] Syringes are used to deliver fluids for a variety of medical applications, including oral delivery of nutrients, storage, delivery of fluids to the enteral system by connecting the syringe to an enteral connection, and intravenous delivery of fluids or drugs. Delivery of drugs via an intravenous syringe involves connecting the distal end of the syringe to a catheter by a Luer connection.

[0018] A standard luer connector as used herein may include a needle hub, syringe, or other delivery component incorporating a standard luer connector. FIG. 1 shows a syringe barrel 100 having a distal end 111 and a proximal end 119. The syringe barrel 100 includes a sidewall 112 extending from the distal end 111 to the proximal end 119 and includes an inner surface 114 defining a chamber 116 for holding a fluid. The syringe barrel 100 also includes a distal wall 118 adjacent the distal end 111 and a flange 120 disposed at the proximal end 119 of the syringe barrel 100. The luer connector 121 is provided in the form of an open tip 122 that extends from the distal wall 118 and includes a passageway 124 that is in fluid communication with the chamber 116. The open tip 122 includes an outer surface 126 that defines an outer cross-sectional dimension and length typical of a male standard luer connector.

[0019] As shown in Figure 2, a male standard luer tip or standard male connector has specifications provided by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), as defined in ISO 80369-7, including a 6% taper increasing from the open distal end to the proximal end and an outer cross-sectional dimension at the distal end of the tip of between about 0.1545 inches (3.925 mm) to about 0.1570 inches (3.990 mm) for rigid materials and between about 0.1545 inches (3.925 mm) to about 0.1585 inches (4.027 mm) for semi-synthetic materials. A female standard luer hub or female standard luer connector may have a 6% taper decreasing from the open proximal end to the distal end and an inner cross-sectional dimension at the open proximal end of between about 0.168 inches (4.270 mm) to 0.170 inches (4.315 mm). In devices having a female standard luer connector incorporating a tab or lug for connection to a corresponding male luer lock connector, the outer cross-sectional diameter of the female standard luer connector, including the lug, ranges from about 0.307 inches (7.80 mm) to about 0.308 inches (7.83 mm). In devices having a female standard luer connector not incorporating a tab or lug for connection to a corresponding male luer lock connector, the outer cross-sectional dimension may be about 0.224 inches (5.700 mm) for rigid connectors and about 0.265 inches (6.730 mm) for semi-rigid connectors, based on the maximum outer diameter of the female standard luer connector at the base of the lug, per ISO 80369-7. The minimum length of a standard luer tip and / or standard luer hub, per ISO 80369-7, is 0.295 inches (7.500 mm). As used herein, the phrases "male standard luer connector," "male standard luer tip," "female standard luer hub," and "female standard luer connector" are intended to refer to connectors having the above dimensions.

[0020] 3 is a perspective view of a blood collection set 300 showing a non-compatible connection between an neuraxial syringe 322 and a female standard luer adapter 306 conforming to ISO 80369-7. The blood collection set 300 in the illustrated embodiment includes a catheter assembly 302 including a needle cannula 304 and a female standard luer adapter 306 on either end of the catheter assembly 302. The catheter assembly includes a catheter hub body 320 from which the needle cannula 304 extends from a catheter hub distal end 312. The catheter assembly 302 includes a pair of wings 308 that can be used to attach the catheter hub body 320 to a patient during a blood collection procedure. In the illustrated embodiment, a standard luer connector 310 including a female standard luer adapter 306 is fluidly connected to the catheter hub body 320 by tubing 318. The neuraxial syringe 322 includes a male neuraxial connector 324 conforming to ISO 80369-6, which cannot be directly connected to the female standard luer adapter 306 of the catheter assembly, as indicated by the X between the neuraxial connector 324 and the female standard luer adapter.

[0021] 4 is a perspective view of a blood collection set 400 including a compatible connection between a syringe 422 having a syringe barrel 426 and a female standard luer adapter 406 conforming to ISO 80369-7. The blood collection set 400 in the illustrated embodiment includes a catheter assembly 402 including a needle cannula 404 and a female standard luer adapter 406 on either end of the catheter assembly 402. The catheter assembly 402 includes a catheter hub body 420 from which the needle cannula 404 extends from a catheter hub distal end 412. The catheter assembly 402 includes a pair of wings 408 that can be used to attach the catheter hub body 420 to a patient during a blood collection procedure. In the illustrated embodiment, a standard luer connector 410 including a female standard luer adapter 406 is fluidly connected to the catheter hub body 420 by tubing 418. The distal end of the syringe barrel 426 includes a male standard Luer connector 424 that conforms to ISO 80369-7.

[0022] The standard luer connectors of both the syringe 422 and the catheter assembly 402 are sized and shaped to form an interference fit connection and / or fluid tight engagement with one another. Specifically, the outer surface of the male standard luer connector 424 has a taper, length, and shape typical of a male standard luer connector, as described above, which allows the syringe 422 to form an interference fit connection with an inner surface of the female standard luer adapter 406, which also has a taper, length, and shape typical of a female standard luer connector, as described above. In one or more alternative embodiments, the syringe barrel 426 may include a male standard luer connector in the form of a luer lock connector (not shown), for example, including a threaded portion that engages with a cooperating structure on the catheter assembly 402, as shown in FIG.

[0023] New standards for small bore connectors, for example ISO 80369-6 for neuraxial applications, have created a need for suitable connectors that do not conform to standard Luer connector requirements, i.e. non-Luer connectors. As noted above, these new standards include connectors with a 5% taper rather than the 6% taper currently used in standard Luer connectors. Additionally, the new standards propose connectors with smaller inner and outer cross-sectional diameters and longer lengths than standard Luer connectors. Specifically, under ISO 80369-6, for small bore connectors for liquids and gases in healthcare applications, the taper of male and female connectors will be changed from 6% in the existing ISO Luer standard to 5% from the proximal to the distal end. For male connectors, the new 5% taper provides a more gradual decrease in the outer cross-sectional dimension of the connector from the proximal to the open distal end. For the female connector, the new 5% taper provides a more gradual decrease in the connector's internal cross-sectional dimension from the open proximal end to the distal end, as shown in FIG. 2. Additionally, the male connector's external cross-sectional dimension at the open distal end would be smaller than the current ISO Luer standard range of 0.1545 inches to 0.1585 inches. Specifically, the currently proposed ISO standard would define the male connector's external cross-sectional dimension at the open distal end to be in the range of about .1306 inches to about .1326 inches. The female connector's internal cross-sectional dimension at the open proximal end would be smaller than the current ISO Luer standard range of 0.168 inches to 0.170 inches. Specifically, the currently proposed ISO standard would define the female connector's internal cross-sectional dimension at the open proximal end to be in the range of about 0.1417 inches to about 0.1437 inches. The length of the male connector for neuraxial applications will also be increased from 0.295 inches to approximately 0.300 inches. The length of the female connector for neuraxial applications will also be increased from 0.295 inches to approximately 0.303 inches.

[0024] The more gradual taper in the new ISO standard for neuraxial applications for both the male and female connectors and the smaller outer and inner cross-sectional dimensions of the male and female connectors, respectively, are intended to prevent a fluid-tight connection of the neuraxial male connector with a female standard luer connector and the neuraxial female connector with a male standard luer connector. However, the smaller outer cross-sectional dimension of the neuraxial male connector at its distal end may allow a user to inadvertently or intentionally attach a female standard luer connector, which may have an inner cross-sectional dimension at its distal end that can accommodate the smaller outer cross-sectional dimension of the neuraxial male connector. The ability to attach a neuraxial male connector to a female standard luer connector, even if not ideal, would allow at least a partial fluid-tight engagement sufficient to deliver unintended fluids or liquids to a patient at an incorrect delivery site.

[0025] One or more embodiments provide a medical adapter assembly that would meet the misconnection requirements of ISO 80369-6. As used herein, the term "medical adapter assembly" is understood to include any structure that is part of a neuraxial device that can make a connection with a secondary neuraxial device. In one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly may include an integrated medical device. In other embodiments, the medical adapter assembly may include a collection of device parts.

[0026] As used herein, the term "connection type" refers to the mechanism by which a medical adapter assembly connects to another medical component. Connection types include, but are not limited to, slip-type connections and locking-type connections. A slip-type connection is a connection that uses a nominally linear motion to secure a medical device to the medical adapter assembly. A locking-type connection is a connection that uses primarily a twisting or rotational motion to secure a medical device to the medical adapter assembly. Other medical components to which a medical adapter assembly may be connected include, but are not limited to, a subarachnoid needle assembly, an epidural needle assembly, a combination subarachnoid and epidural (CSE) needle assembly, a fluid filter, a tubing adapter, and the like.

[0027] In one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly has two opposing ends. One end of the medical adapter assembly is a non-luer taper fitting with structure to connect to an neuraxial medical device, and the opposite end of the medical adapter assembly is a standard luer fitting with structure to connect to a standard luer medical device. A non-luer neuraxial fitting cannot be directly connected to a standard luer fitting. In one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly includes a check valve that allows fluid flow from the standard luer end to the neuraxial end while preventing fluid flow from the neuraxial end to the standard luer end.

[0028] In one or more embodiments, the check valve is disposed between the non-luer spinal axis end and the luer end. In one or more embodiments, the check valve is integrally formed with the first and second ends of the medical adapter assembly. The spinal axis fitting and the standard luer fitting may protrude from the check valve.

[0029] According to one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly may be ISO 80369-6 compliant and utilized in neuraxial applications. As used herein, the term "neuraxial applications" includes the use of medical devices intended for administering drugs for neuraxial sites, wound infiltration anesthesia delivery, and other local anesthesia procedures, or for monitoring or removing cerebrospinal fluid for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. Sites of neuraxial applications include the spine, subarachnoid or subarachnoid spaces, ventricles, epidural, extradural, and peridural spaces. Neuraxial anesthesia may be administered locally, affecting large portions of the body, such as extremities, and includes plexus or single nerve blocks. Neuraxial procedures include continuous infusion of wounds with local anesthetic agents.

[0030] According to one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly will be utilized in an epidural blood patch procedure. As used herein, the phrase "epidural blood patch procedure" refers to a surgical procedure that uses autologous blood (i.e., the patient's own blood) to close one or more holes in the dura of the spinal cord, usually as a result of a previous lumbar puncture. The epidural blood patch procedure may be used to relieve post-dural puncture headaches caused by a lumbar puncture (i.e., spinal tap). During an epidural blood patch procedure, a small amount of the patient's blood is injected into the epidural space near the initial puncture site, and the blood's clotting factors result in a blood clot that plugs the hole in the dura, thus stopping the meningeal leakage. The epidural blood patch procedure involves risks associated with epidural puncture.

[0031] One or more embodiments provide a medical adapter assembly that can be connected to a neuraxial fitting. As used herein, the term "neuraxial fitting" refers to a small bore non-luer connector that conforms to ISO 80369-6. In the industry, neuraxial fittings are referred to as NRFit®. When implemented, these small bore connectors help prevent misconnections and misinjections.

[0032] 5-8 , in one or more embodiments, a medical adapter assembly 500 includes a first end 502 including a neuraxial fitting 504 that is not directly connectable to a standard luer fitting, a second end 506 opposite the first end 502, the second end 506 including a standard luer fitting 508 that is connectable to a standard luer fitting of an intravenous medical device, and a check valve 510 that allows fluid flow from the second end 506 to the first end 502 and prevents fluid flow from the first end 502 to the second end 506.

[0033] In one or more embodiments, the neuraxial fitting 504 is a female neuraxial fitting.

[0034] In one or more embodiments, the standard luer fitting 508 is a male luer fitting. As used herein, the term "male luer fitting" refers to a medical device fitting having an elongated nozzle and a female threaded locking ring attached around the nozzle.

[0035] The new ISO 80369-6 standard is intended to eliminate the possibility of misconnection / misinjection between Luer and NRFit® systems. Some manufacturers are incorporating aspects, such as coloring and packaging, that help easily distinguish NRFit® from Luer fittings. In the medical industry, the color yellow is commonly used to indicate the neuraxial root. Thus, in one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly 500 is yellow.

[0036] Figure 6 is a front view of the medical adapter assembly shown in Figure 5. In one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly 500 includes a first end 502 that includes a neuraxial fitting 504 that is not directly connectable to a standard luer fitting. Figure 7 is a rear view of the medical adapter assembly 500 shown in Figure 5, where the medical adapter assembly 500 includes a second end 506 opposite the first end 502. In one or more embodiments, the second end 506 includes a standard luer fitting 508 that is connectable to a standard luer fitting of an intravenous medical device that complies with 80369-7.

[0037] FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional perspective view 800 of the medical adapter assembly 500 shown in FIG. 5 taken along line 8-8. In one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly 500 includes a first end 502 including a neuraxial fitting 504 that is not directly connectable to a standard luer fitting, a second end 506 opposite the first end 502 including a standard luer fitting 508 that is connectable to a standard luer fitting of an intravenous medical device, and a check valve 510 that allows fluid flow from the second end 506 to the first end 502 via a channel 512 and prevents fluid flow from the first end 502 to the second end 506. The check valve 510 is illustrated diagrammatically. As used herein, the term "check valve" refers to a two-port valve having two openings in the body of the valve, one opening for fluid to enter and the other opening for fluid to exit. Check valves function automatically and are not controlled by the patient, healthcare provider, or caregiver. In one or more embodiments, the check valve is a one-way valve that allows fluid to flow only in one direction. In one or more embodiments, the check valve allows fluid to flow from the second end 506 (i.e., the end having the standard luer fitting 508) to the first end 502 (i.e., the end having the neuraxial fitting 504) of the medical adapter assembly while preventing fluid flow from the first end 502 to the second end 506 of the medical adapter assembly. In one or more embodiments, fluid flows from the second end 506 to the first end 502 through the check valve 510. The check valve 510 can be any suitable type of check valve used in medical equipment to allow fluid to flow only in one direction. Examples of suitable check valves include, but are not limited to, duckbill valves, umbrella valves, ball check valves, diaphragm check valves, swing check valves, check valves with check, lift check valves, and the like. In certain embodiments, the check valve is selected from one or more of a ball check valve, a diaphragm check valve, a swing check valve, a check valve with check, a lift check valve, and the like.

[0038] In one or more embodiments, a check valve 510 is disposed between the first end 502 and the second end 506 .

[0039] In one or more embodiments, the check valve 510 is integrally formed with the first end 502 and the second end 506. In one or more embodiments, the spinal fitting 504 and the standard luer fitting 508 protrude from the check valve 510.

[0040] 9 illustrates an exploded view of a blood collection set 900 including a medical adapter assembly according to one or more embodiments. The blood collection set 900 in the illustrated embodiment includes a catheter assembly 902, a needle cannula 904 on each end, and a catheter assembly 902. and a female standard Luer adapter 906 Includes 、 The catheter assembly 902 includes a catheter hub body 920 with a needle cannula 904 extending from a catheter hub distal end 912. The catheter assembly 902 includes a pair of wings 908 that can be used to attach the catheter hub body 920 to a patient during a blood collection procedure. In the embodiment shown, a standard luer connector 910 including a female standard luer adapter 906 is fluidly connected to the catheter hub body 920 by tubing 918. The neuraxial syringe 922 includes a syringe barrel 926 and a male neuraxial connector 924 that is ISO 80369-6 compliant, where the male neuraxial connector 924 cannot be directly connected to the female standard luer adapter 906 of the catheter assembly 902.

[0041] The connection of the male neuraxial connector 924 to a female standard luer adapter 906 is made possible by a medical adapter assembly 500, shown with reference to Figures 5-8. The medical adapter assembly 500 includes a first end 502 including a neuraxial fitting 504, a second end 506 opposite the first end 502 including a standard luer fitting 508 that is not directly connectable to the neuraxial fitting, and a check valve (shown in Figure 8) that prevents fluid flow from the first end 502 to the second end 506. As shown in Figure 9, the first end 502 of the medical adapter assembly 500 having the neuraxial fitting 504 is directly connectable to an ISO 80369-6 compliant male neuraxial connector 924 of a syringe barrel 926. Thus, as shown, the catheter assembly 902 is not compatible with the neuraxial syringe 922 of the illustrated blood collection set 900 without the medical adapter assembly 500 of the present disclosure.

[0042] FIGURE 10 illustrates the blood collection set shown in FIGURE 9 in an assembled configuration according to one or more embodiments. The blood collection set 900 in the illustrated embodiment includes a catheter assembly 902 including a needle cannula 904 and a female standard luer adapter 906 on either end of the catheter assembly 902. The catheter assembly 902 includes a catheter hub body 920 from which the needle cannula 904 extends from a catheter hub distal end 912. The catheter assembly 902 includes a pair of wings 908 that can be used to attach the catheter hub body 920 to a patient during a blood collection procedure. In the illustrated embodiment, a standard luer connector 910 including a female standard luer adapter 906 is fluidly connected to the catheter hub body 920 by tubing 918. The neuraxial syringe 922 includes a syringe barrel 926 and an ISO 80369-6 compliant male neuraxial connector 924 that cannot be directly connected to the female standard Luer adapter 906 of the catheter assembly 902.

[0043] The connection of the male neuraxial connector 924 to the female standard luer adapter 906 is made possible by a medical adapter assembly 500, shown with reference to Figures 5-8. The medical adapter assembly 500 includes a first end 502 including a neuraxial fitting 504, a second end 506 opposite the first end 502 including a standard luer fitting 508 that cannot be directly connected to the neuraxial fitting, and a check valve (shown in Figure 8) that prevents the flow of fluid from the first end 502 to the second end 506. As shown in Figure 10, the first end 502 having the neuraxial fitting 504 of the medical adapter assembly 500 is connected to the ISO 80369-6 compliant male neuraxial connector 924 of a syringe barrel 926.

[0044] A second aspect of the disclosure is directed to a method. With reference to FIG. 10, in one or more embodiments, the method includes connecting a neuraxial syringe 922 including a syringe barrel 926 and a male neuraxial connector 924 that is not directly connectable (i.e., compliant with ISO 80369-6) to a standard luer connector 910 including a female standard luer adapter 906 to a medical adapter assembly 500. The medical adapter assembly 500 has a first end 502 including a neuraxial fitting 504, a second end 506 opposite the first end 502 including a standard luer fitting 508 that is not directly connectable to the neuraxial fitting, and a check valve 510 (shown in FIG. 8) that prevents fluid flow from the first end 502 to the second end 506 as indicated by the dashed arrow, but allows fluid flow in the direction of the arrow 503 (shown in FIG. 8). Additionally, the method includes disconnecting the medical adapter assembly 500 from the neuraxial syringe 922 and connecting the neuraxial fitting 504 of the medical adapter assembly 500 to an neuraxial needle (not shown).

[0045] In one or more embodiments, the method further includes drawing blood from the patient's epidural space into the syringe barrel 926. In one or more embodiments, the method further includes performing an epidural blood patch procedure.

[0046] In one or more embodiments, the method further includes sterilizing the distal tip 930 of the neuraxial syringe 922 prior to connecting the distal tip 930 of the neuraxial syringe 922 to the neuraxial fitting of the neuraxial needle. In one or more embodiments, the neuraxial needle is selected from a spinal puncture needle or an epidural needle.

[0047] A third aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a kit. In one or more embodiments, the kit includes a medical adapter assembly, a syringe, and a needle. In one or more embodiments, the medical adapter assembly in the kit includes a first end including a neuraxial fitting that cannot be directly connected to a standard luer fitting, a second end opposite the first end including a standard luer fitting that can be connected to a standard luer fitting of an intravenous medical device, and a check valve that allows fluid flow from the second end to the first end and prevents fluid flow from the first end to the second end. In one or more embodiments, the syringe in the kit includes a distal tip with a neuraxial fitting that cannot be directly connected to a standard luer fitting. In one or more embodiments, the needle in the kit is adapted to deliver a drug to the epidural space.

[0048] The components of the medical adapter assembly and kit of one or more embodiments may be manufactured from a variety of materials suitable for medical and healthcare applications. For example, the medical adapter assembly may be manufactured from medical grade materials, such as, but not limited to, nylon, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyvinylidene fluoride, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and polyvinyl chloride. The syringe may be manufactured from medical grade materials, such as, but not limited to, nylon, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyvinylidene fluoride, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and polyvinyl chloride. In certain embodiments, the syringe is manufactured from one or more of polypropylene or polycarbonate.

[0049] In one or more embodiments, the kit further comprises an epidural catheter. In one or more embodiments, the kit further comprises a thread-assisted guide. In one or more embodiments, the kit further comprises an epidural flat filter. In one or more embodiments, the kit is an epidural kit.

[0050] Throughout this specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one or more embodiments," or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, the appearances of phrases such as "in one or more embodiments," "in an embodiment," "in an embodiment," or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment of the present disclosure. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0051] Although the disclosure herein has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the disclosed method and apparatus without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the disclosure is intended to cover modifications and variations that come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An autologous blood collection set, comprising: A medical adapter, comprising: a first end including an axial fitting that is not directly connectable to a standard Luer fitting and that is removably connectable to an axial fitting of an axial syringe; a second end opposite the first end, the second end including a standard luer fitting connectable to a standard luer fitting of an intravenous medical device; a check valve that allows fluid flow only from the second end to the first end and prevents fluid flow from the first end to the second end; a catheter adapter assembly including a needle cannula and a luer adapter connectable to the second end of the medical adapter, the autologous blood collection set being configured for use in an epidural blood patch procedure; An autologous blood collection set comprising:

2. 2. The autologous blood collection set of claim 1, wherein said check valve is disposed between said first end and said second end.

3. 3. The autologous blood collection set of claim 2, wherein said check valve is integrally formed with said first end and said second end.

4. 4. The autologous blood collection set of claim 3, wherein said neuraxial fitting at said first end and said standard luer fitting at said second end protrude from said check valve.

5. 2. The autologous blood collection set of claim 1, wherein the neuraxial fitting at the first end is a female neuraxial fitting.

6. 2. The autologous blood collection set of claim 1, wherein said standard luer fitting at said second end is a male luer fitting.

7. 2. The autologous blood collection set of claim 1, wherein the check valve is a one-way valve.

8. 8. The autologous blood collection set of claim 7, wherein fluid flows from said second end, through said check valve, and to said first end.

9. 8. The autologous blood collection set of claim 7, wherein the one-way valve is selected from the group consisting of a duckbill valve, an umbrella valve, a ball check valve, a diaphragm check valve, a swing check valve, a check valve with a check, or a lift check valve.

10. 10. The autologous blood collection set according to claim 9, wherein the one-way valve is a ball check valve, a diaphragm check valve, a swing check valve, a check valve with a check, or a lift check valve.

11. 2. The autologous blood collection set according to claim 1, wherein the medical adapter is yellow in color.

12. A kit comprising: The autologous blood collection set of claim 1; a spinal syringe that includes a distal tip that includes a spinal fitting that cannot be directly connected to a standard Luer fitting; A kit comprising:

13. 13. The kit of claim 12, further comprising one of a needle selected from a spinal tap needle and an epidural needle.

14. 13. The kit of claim 12, further comprising a thread assist guide.

15. 13. The kit of claim 12, further comprising an epidural plate filter.

16. The autologous blood collection set of claim 1, wherein the check valve cannot be controlled by the patient, a healthcare provider, or a caregiver.

17. An autologous blood collection set as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, when the autologous blood collection set is used for epidural blood patch processing, the autologous blood is delivered only from the neuraxial syringe after the medical adapter is disconnected from the neuraxial syringe.

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