Cutting and incision instruments

Abstract

To provide a cutting and incising instrument capable of reliably preventing a replaceable blade from falling off with an inexpensive structure. [Solution] A cutting and incising instrument 1 comprising a pair of instrument bodies 10 rotatably connected by a pivot 20 so that they can be opened and closed relative to each other, and a blade body 30 which is removably attached to the tip side of the instrument body 10, the instrument body 10 having a convex engagement portion 13 on the opposing surface when closed, the blade body 30 having a long hole-shaped mounting hole 32 into which the engagement portion 13 fits, and an insertion hole 14 through which the pivot shaft 20 is inserted, formed in the engagement portion 13.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a cutting and dissection instrument. [Background technology]

[0002] A cutting and incising instrument capable of cutting, incising, peeling, etc. of tissue has been known that is equipped with a replaceable blade. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses scissors that are equipped with a mechanism for attaching and detaching a blade to the tips of a pair of handles that are rotatable relative to each other. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-265555 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The scissors disclosed in Patent Document 1 above tend to have a complicated attachment / detachment mechanism for preventing the blade body attached to the handle from falling off, which may increase manufacturing costs.

[0005] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting and incising instrument that can reliably prevent a replaceable blade from falling off using an inexpensive structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating a severance pack comprising a pair of instrument bodies rotatably connected by a rotating shaft so as to be able to open and close with respect to each other, and a blade body detachably attached to the tip side of the instrument bodies, the instrument bodies being provided with a convex engagement portion on the opposing surface when closed, and the blade body being: To be immovable and non-rotatable with respect to the instrument body to which it is attached This is achieved by a cutting and incising instrument having an elongated mounting hole into which the engaging portion is fitted, and an insertion hole into which the rotating shaft is inserted, formed in the engaging portion.

[0007] In this cutting and incising instrument, the blade is preferably a scalpel blade.

[0008] The tool body preferably includes an attraction portion that attracts the blade, which is made of a magnetic material, by magnetic force.

[0009] The thickness of the blade is preferably greater than the height of the engagement portion.

[0010] The insertion hole may be formed in an elongated hole shape so as to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the mounting hole. In this configuration, the rotating shaft preferably includes a rod-shaped shaft body and locking heads fixed to both ends of the shaft body and engaging with the outer surfaces of the pair of tool bodies, at least one of the locking heads having a width allowing it to pass through the mounting hole and the insertion hole and configured to be locked to an edge of the insertion hole by rotating it relative to the insertion hole.

[0011] The engagement portion may have a plurality of insertion holes formed therein. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the cutting and incising instrument of the present invention, the replacement blade can be reliably prevented from falling off with an inexpensive structure. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of a cutting and incising instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a portion of the cutting and incising instrument of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 3 with a part removed. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a modification of FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 5 is a bottom view showing another modified example of FIG. [Figure 7]FIG. 13 is a plan view of a cutting and incising instrument according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a perspective view for explaining a method of assembling the cutting incision instrument shown in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the cutting and incising instrument shown in FIG. 8 in an assembled state. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining still another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a comparative example of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining another comparative example of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining still another comparative example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a cutting and incising instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the cutting and incising instrument 1 includes a pair of instrument bodies 10 and a blade body 30 detachably attached to each of the pair of instrument bodies 10.

[0015] The instrument body 10 has a gripping portion 11 at the base end side into which a finger can be inserted, and the blade body 30 is attached at the tip end side. The pair of instrument bodies 10 are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft 20 so that they can be opened and closed relative to each other, and are configured so that when the pair of instrument bodies 10 are closed as shown in FIG. 1, the blade bodies 30 overlap and face each other, and their tips are aligned. The rotating shaft 20 is a knurled type screw, and a nut (not shown) is screwed onto the tip portion via a washer, making it easy to disassemble and assemble the cutting and incising instrument 1. The rotating shaft 20 may be configured by a general bolt and nut. In this embodiment, the pair of instrument bodies 10 are the same shape, but they may be different shapes.

[0016] Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the main part of Fig. 1. The blade body 30 has a blade line 31 formed along one edge from the tip, and is attached to the instrument body 10 so that the blade lines 31 face each other when the pair of instrument bodies 10 are opened. The tip side of the blade line 31 of each blade body 30 is protected by the other blade body 30, and the base end side of the blade line 31 is protected by the tip portion 12 of the instrument body 10 so that the blade line 31 is not exposed when the pair of instrument bodies 10 is closed.

[0017] Fig. 3 is a plan view of the instrument body 10 to which the blade body 30 is attached. The blade body 30 shown in Fig. 3 is a replaceable scalpel blade used in surgical scalpels, and for example, a blade (No. 11) specified in JIS T2107 can be suitably used. The blade body 30 has an elongated mounting hole 32 formed therein.

[0018] FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing the main part of the instrument body 10 shown in FIG. 3 with the blade body 30 removed. As shown in FIG. 4, a groove portion 15 capable of accommodating the blade body 30 is formed on the distal end side of the instrument body 10, and a convex engagement portion 13 is provided on the bottom surface of the groove portion 15. The engagement portion 13 has substantially the same shape as the attachment hole 32 of the blade body 30 shown in FIG. 3 so as to be detachably fitted into the attachment hole 32, and the straight line portions 13a and 13b of both longitudinal side edges extending from the base end side to the distal end side of the instrument body 10 abut against the edge portion of the attachment hole 32. As a result, the blade body 30 is securely held by the instrument body 10 with the blade line 31 protruding toward the distal end side of the instrument body 10. The height of the engagement portion 13 is not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, the groove portion 15 is formed by cutting, so that the height of the engagement portion 13 coincides with the depth of the groove portion 15.

[0019] An adhesive part 16 made of a disk-shaped permanent magnet is embedded flush into the bottom surface of the groove 15. The adhesive part 16 uses magnetic force to attach and hold the blade 30 made of a magnetic material, making it easy and safe to assemble the cutting and incising instrument 1. There are no particular limitations on the magnetic material of the adhesive part 16, but considering that heating and sterilization will be performed by autoclaving during use, it is preferable to use a magnet with excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance, such as a samarium-cobalt magnet, an alnico magnet, or a ferrite magnet. In this embodiment, the adhesive part 16 is made of a samarium-cobalt (samarium-cobalt) magnet.

[0020] As shown in Fig. 3, the engaging portion 13 is formed with a circular insertion hole 14 having a diameter substantially equal to the width of the engaging portion 13, penetrating the front and back of the instrument body 10. The pair of instrument bodies 10 are rotatably connected by overlapping a pair of the instrument bodies 10 so that the blade bodies 30 face each other and inserting a rotation shaft 20 (see Fig. 1) into the insertion hole 14. The thickness of the blade body 30 is, for example, about 0.25 to 0.4 mm, and is preferably slightly (for example, about 0.1 mm) larger than the height of the engaging portion 13. By eliminating the gap between the opposing blade bodies 30 and allowing the opposing surfaces of the blade bodies 30 to slide against each other when opening and closing, the opening and closing operation of the pair of instrument bodies 10 can be performed stably without getting caught.

[0021] According to the cutting and incising instrument 1 of this embodiment, the convex engagement portions 13 provided on the opposing surfaces of the pair of instrument bodies 10 each fit into the elongated mounting hole 32 formed in the blade body 30, thereby suppressing rotation and rattling of the blade body 30 during use and enabling accurate incision, peeling, etc. of tissue.

[0022] Furthermore, since the insertion hole 14 is formed in the engagement portion 13, the rotating shaft 20 is inserted into the mounting hole 32 of the blade body 30, so that the blade body 30 can be reliably prevented from falling off from the instrument body 10 with an inexpensive configuration.

[0023] Furthermore, since the engaging portion 13 has a shape corresponding to the long hole-shaped mounting hole 32, the formation position of the insertion hole 14 can be changed along the longitudinal direction of the engaging portion 13. This allows the distance from the fulcrum (center of rotation) of the pair of tool bodies 10 to the tip of the blade body 30 to be easily adjusted according to the application while using blade bodies 30 of the same shape made of general-purpose products, etc. For example, when a large force is applied to the tip of the blade body 30, the insertion hole 14 can be formed on the base end side of the engaging portion 13, whereas when fine work is performed with the tip of the blade body 30, the insertion hole 14 can be formed on the tip side of the engaging portion 13.

[0024] 5, a plurality of insertion holes 14 may be formed in the engagement portion 13 so that the insertion hole 14 through which the rotating shaft 20 is inserted can be appropriately selected. Alternatively, a plurality of instrument bodies 10 having different positions of the insertion holes 14 relative to the engagement portion 13 may be prepared in advance and used according to the purpose, etc.

[0025] Fig. 6 is a bottom view showing a modified example of the instrument body 10 shown in Fig. 4, showing the main parts of the instrument body 10 from the opposite side to that of Fig. 4. The basic configuration of the instrument body 10 shown in Fig. 6 is similar to that of the instrument body 10 shown in Fig. 4, but the insertion hole 14 is an elongated hole intersecting in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the engagement portion 13 shown in Fig. 4, and both longitudinal ends of the insertion hole 14 are formed to protrude from the engagement portion 13. A cutting and incising instrument including the instrument body 10 shown in Fig. 6 can be configured by connecting the instrument body 10 shown in Fig. 6 to a rotating shaft 20 including a locking head 21 having substantially the same shape and size as the insertion hole 14, as shown in Fig. 7.

[0026] 8 is a perspective view for explaining a method of assembling the cutting and incising instrument 1 shown in FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 8(a), the rotating shaft 20 includes a rod-shaped shaft body 22 and locking heads 21, 23 fixed to both ends of the shaft body 22. The locking heads 21, 23 are formed so that the width in the short side direction is smaller than the width of the mounting hole 32 and the insertion hole 14, and the length in the longitudinal direction is larger than the width of the mounting hole 32 and the insertion hole 14. By making the longitudinal direction of the locking heads 21, 23 coincide with the longitudinal direction of the mounting hole 32 and the insertion hole 14, the locking heads 21, 23 pass through the mounting hole 32 and the insertion hole 14, while by making the longitudinal direction of the locking heads 21, 23 intersect with the longitudinal direction of the mounting hole 32 and the insertion hole 14, the locking heads 21, 23 cannot pass through the mounting hole 32 and the insertion hole 14.

[0027] When assembling this cutting and incising instrument 1, first, one of the locking heads 21 is inserted into the insertion hole 14 of one of the instrument bodies 10 and the mounting hole 32 of one of the blade bodies 30, and then the one of the instrument bodies 10 is rotated around the shaft body 22, so that the one of the blade bodies 30 can be attached to the one of the instrument bodies 10 and the other of the locking heads 23 is locked to the outer surface side of the one of the instrument bodies 10, as shown in Fig. 8(a). In this embodiment, the other of the locking heads 23 has the same shape as the one of the locking heads 21, but may have other shapes as long as it can be securely locked to the edge of the insertion hole 14 of the one of the instrument bodies 10.

[0028] Next, as shown in Fig. 8(b), one of the locking heads 21 is inserted into the mounting hole 32 of the other blade body 30 and the insertion hole 14 of the other instrument body 10. Thereafter, the other instrument body 10 is rotated around the shaft body 22 so as to close against the one instrument body 10, thereby making it possible to attach the other blade body 30 to the other instrument body 10, and as shown in the plan view of Fig. 9, one of the locking heads 21 is locked to the edge of the insertion hole 14 on the outer surface side of the other instrument body 10.

[0029] This cutting and incising instrument 1 can use a rotating shaft 20 in which the engaging heads 21, 23 are inseparably integrated with the shaft body 22, and since there is no risk of the rotating shaft 20 falling off the pair of instrument bodies 10 during normal use, the connection state of the pair of instrument bodies 10 by the rotating shaft 20 can be reliably maintained, preventing the blade body 30 from falling off.

[0030] The cutting and incising instrument 1 of each of the above embodiments uses the blade body 30 made of a scalpel blade with a thin blade thickness, and can perform smooth incision, dissection, etc. by utilizing the principle of leverage, and by combining the operations of each instrument body 10, treatment can be performed efficiently. In addition, by closing the pair of instrument bodies 10, the cutting line 31 of the blade body 30 is protected from exposure, so that unnecessary cutting, incision, dissection, etc. of tissue during treatment can be reliably prevented. After use, the blade body 30 is removed, the pair of instrument bodies 10 is sterilized, and a new blade body 30 is attached, allowing repeated use.

[0031] The cutting and incising instrument 1 of each of the above embodiments is intended to be used as a medical instrument capable of performing surgery, dissection, etc. by cutting, incising, separating, peeling, etc. of human tissue, but the cutting and incising instrument of the present invention is not necessarily limited to this use, and can also be used, for example, as a medical instrument for animals other than humans. In addition, since it has good sharpness, the cutting and incising instrument of the present invention can be used, in addition to medical use, as a processing instrument for cutting and incising materials such as food ingredients, or as an experimental or research instrument used in basic bio-related research, etc.

[0032] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0033] Example 1 When cutting and incising instrument 1 shown in Figure 1 was used to incise chicken meat (thigh meat with skin), it was possible to smoothly push through the blade as shown in Figures 10(a) and (b), and finally, as shown in Figure 10(c), it was possible to make a sharp incision without any blurring. The incision success rate (n=5) was 100%.

[0034] Example 2 When the cutting and incising instrument 1 shown in FIG. 1 was used to incise polystyrene foam in two places, smooth and sharp incisions were possible in both places, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 11(a) and (b).

[0035] Example 3 The rat skull (parietal bone) was incised using the cutting and incising instrument 1 shown in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 12(a), the blades were pierced into the skull with the blades open, and then the blades were closed as shown in Figure 12(b), making it possible to cut the bone sharply without shaking. When viewed from the back in this state, the blades remained penetrating the skull, as shown in Figure 12(c).

[0036] Comparative Example 1 When a test similar to that in Example 1 was performed using conventional ophthalmic scissors, the skin was simply pulled together and could not be pushed through, as shown in Figures 13(a) and (b), and ultimately, as shown in Figure 13(c), the skin swayed to the left and right, resulting in a "breakaway" and making it impossible to incise it. The incision success rate (n=5) was 0%.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 When a test similar to that in Example 2 was performed using conventional ophthalmic scissors, the blunt blade penetrated along the incision, resulting in jagged and irregular cross sections in all locations, as indicated by the arrows in Figures 14(a) and (b).

[0038] Comparative Example 3 When a test similar to that in Example 3 was carried out using conventional ophthalmic scissors, the blade could not penetrate the skull, nor could it be pierced into the skull, as shown in Figure 15(a). When an attempt was made to forcibly cut from this state, the bone was irregularly cracked and shattered, as shown in Figure 15(b). [Explanation of symbols]

[0039] 1 cutting incision instrument 10. Equipment body 13 Engagement part 14 Insertion hole 16 Adsorption part 20 Rotating Axis 21,23 Locking head 22 Shaft body 30 Blade 32 Mounting hole

Claims

1. A pair of device bodies rotatably connected to each other by a rotation shaft so as to be able to open and close with respect to each other; A blade body is removably attached to the tip side of the instrument body, The device body is provided with a convex engagement portion on the opposing surface when closed, The blade body has an elongated mounting hole into which the engagement portion is fitted so as to be unrotatable and unmovable relative to the tool body to which the blade body is attached, The engaging portion has an insertion hole through which the rotating shaft is inserted.

2. The cutting and incising instrument according to claim 1 , wherein the blade is a scalpel blade.

3. The cutting incision instrument according to claim 1 , wherein the instrument body includes an attraction portion that attracts the blade body made of a magnetic material by magnetic force.

4. The cutting and incising instrument according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the blade is greater than the height of the engagement portion.

5. The insertion hole is formed in an elongated hole shape so as to intersect with a longitudinal direction of the mounting hole, The rotating shaft includes a rod-shaped shaft body and a pair of locking heads fixed to both ends of the shaft body and respectively engaging with outer surfaces of the pair of tool bodies, 2. The cutting and incising instrument according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the engaging heads has a width sufficient to pass through the mounting hole and the insertion hole, and is engaged with an edge of the insertion hole by rotating it relative to the insertion hole.

6. The cutting and incising instrument according to claim 1 , wherein the engagement portion is formed with a plurality of the insertion holes.

7. 2. The cutting and incising instrument according to claim 1, which is used as a medical instrument for surgery, dissection, etc. on humans or animals.

8. 2. The cutting and incising tool according to claim 1, which is used as a processing tool for cutting or incising a material.

9. 2. The cutting and incising instrument according to claim 1, which is used as an instrument for experiments or research.

10. A pair of instrument bodies that constitute a cutting and incising instrument are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft so as to be able to open and close with each other, and a blade body is removably attached to the tip side, The tool body has a convex engaging portion that fits into a long hole-shaped mounting hole formed on the blade body, and the engaging portion fits into the mounting hole so that the blade body cannot rotate or move relative to the tool body to which it is attached. A pair of instrument bodies each having an insertion hole formed in the engagement portion through which the pivot shaft is inserted.

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