Compost manufacturing method

Abstract

To provide composts with a significantly reduced stink and a good growing effect, and to provide a manufacturing method thereof.SOLUTION: The compost according to the embodiment to which the present invention is applied is characterized by mixing a third additive containing a silicon compound to a fermented product obtained by mixing and fermenting a first organic waste containing feces of livestock or poultry, a second organic waste containing a fibrous organic waste different from the first organic waste, a first additive containing an iron compound, and a second additive containing a boron compound. The compost of such an embodiment is a compost with a significantly reduced stink as compared with the conventional compost, and is also a compost with a good growing effect on crops.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a compost containing organic waste such as livestock or poultry manure and coffee grounds, and a method for producing the compost. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, livestock and poultry manure is used as a raw material for fermented compost, which is an organic waste containing a large amount of organic matter in addition to components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium. However, there is a problem that compost made from livestock manure generates a foul odor during and after the fermentation process, limiting the places where the fermentation process can be carried out and where it can be used as compost. For this reason, there has been a compost production method in which wood chips or the like are mixed with livestock manure to promote the fermentation process and reduce the generation of foul odors (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] In addition, coffee grounds and tea leaves discharged by beverage manufacturers have been used as organic wastes other than manure from livestock, etc., and have been used as raw materials for compost, etc. In particular, coffee grounds contain soluble non-nitrogenous matter (52-54%), and attempts have been made to use them as agricultural fertilizer. However, since coffee grounds have a high carbon to nitrogen content ratio (hereinafter referred to as C / N ratio) of about 30, there is a problem that if they are used directly in soil, the non-functional nitrogen decreases due to the rapid proliferation of microorganisms in the soil, hindering the growth of agricultural crops. Therefore, when using coffee grounds as raw materials for compost, there has been a compost production method in which the C / N ratio is lowered by aerobic fermentation for a long period of time, such as 90 days or more, and then composted. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2008-13380 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, the compost production method using organic waste such as feces of livestock and the compost produced therefrom have not sufficiently reduced the malodor, and there is room for further reduction in the malodor. In addition, the compost production method using organic waste such as coffee grounds and the compost produced therefrom have the problem that the coffee grounds contain a large amount of nitrogen and moisture, and therefore malodor is generated due to mold growth and decay during the fermentation process. In addition, the compost production method and the compost produced therefrom have the problem that malodor is generated due to the progress of fermentation during storage, transportation, etc., caused by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria contained in the compost. In other words, it has been desired to further reduce the malodor in the compost production method and the compost produced therefrom using organic waste such as feces of livestock and coffee grounds. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve at least some of the problems described above, and can be realized as the following application examples. Note that the reference symbols and supplementary explanations in parentheses in this section indicate the corresponding relationship with the embodiments described later in order to aid in understanding the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0007] Compost of Application Example 1, which is one of the examples of application of the present invention Manufacturing method teeth, chicken A first organic waste material containing feces; The above Fibrous organic waste that is different from the first organic waste Coffee grounds as a second organic waste containing the above, a first additive containing an iron compound, and a second additive containing a boron compound. , K Third additive containing isopropyl compounds and a method for producing compost comprising: a first mixture producing step of mixing the second organic waste in a non-bone-dry state, the first additive, and the second additive to produce a first mixture such that the first additive is 0.1 to 50 parts by mass and the second additive is 0.01 to 50 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the second organic waste in a bone-dry state; a fermentation product producing step of mixing the first organic waste and the first mixture and aerobic fermenting the mixture to produce a fermentation product such that the first mixture is 40 parts by mass or less in a non-bone-dry state per 100 parts by mass of the first organic waste in a non-bone-dry state; and a second mixture producing step of mixing the fermentation product and the third additive to produce a second mixture such that the third additive is 15 parts by mass or less in a non-bone-dry state per 100 parts by mass of the fermentation product. The gist of the present invention is as follows.

[0008] In addition, the compost in Application Example 1 Manufacturing method In In the first mixture generating step, the first mixture is generated so that the first additive is 3 to 5 parts by mass and the second additive is 3 to 25 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the second organic waste in a bone-dry state; in the fermented product generating step, the fermented product is generated so that the first mixture in a non-bone-dry state is 20 to 28 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the first organic waste in a non-bone-dry state; and in the second mixture generating step, the second mixture is generated so that the third additive is 8 to 15 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the fermented product in a non-bone-dry state. The gist of the present invention is as follows. Effect of the Invention

[0010] The present invention can provide a compost that uses organic waste such as livestock manure and coffee grounds, and that has a significantly reduced odor and is effective for growing crops, as well as a method for producing the compost. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a flowchart showing a method for producing compost according to the present embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a table illustrating the masses and mass ratios of raw material components in the compost of Example 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a table showing the masses of the raw material components in each of the conventional chicken manure compost, the compost of Example 1, the compost of Comparative Example 1, and the compost of Comparative Example 2, and the results of analyses regarding the atmospheric odor and maturity of each. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a table illustrating the analysis results of MQI analysis of chicken manure compost (recommended value), the compost of Example 1, and the compost of Comparative Example 3. [Figure 5-1] FIG. 1(a) is a schematic diagram illustrating a package 10 containing compost according to Example 1, and FIG. 1(b) is a schematic diagram illustrating a strip 15 that constitutes the package 10. [Figure 5-2] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a package 10 used as a mulching material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described. Note that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples, and various forms may be adopted as long as they fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0013] <About the compost manufacturing method of this embodiment> The method for producing compost according to the present embodiment will be described below with reference to Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method for producing compost according to the present embodiment. In the method for producing compost according to the present embodiment, feces of livestock or the like as the first organic waste, fibrous organic waste as the second organic waste, an iron compound as the first additive, a substance containing boric acid as the second additive, and a substance containing silicic acid as the third additive are used as raw materials for the compost.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 1, in the method for producing compost according to the present embodiment, first, a first mixture production step is carried out in which the second organic waste, the first additive, and the second additive are mixed in an agitator to produce a first mixture. Next, a fermentation product production step is carried out in which the first organic waste, the first mixture produced in the first mixture production step, and a fermentation material are mixed in a fermentation device and fermented for about 30 days to produce a fermented product. In this fermentation product production step, aerobic fermentation is carried out until the moisture content of the target of the treatment (for example, about 60-70% before the fermentation treatment) becomes about 40-45%, thereby producing a fermented product. Next, a second mixture production step is carried out in which the fermented product produced in the fermentation product production step is mixed with a third additive in an agitator to produce a second mixture. Then, a drying step is carried out in which the second mixture produced in the second mixture production step is dried in a dryer, sun-dried, or the like, until the moisture content becomes 15-35%, thereby producing the compost according to the present embodiment.

[0015] The first organic waste in this embodiment is feces of livestock, etc., which is discharged from livestock barns of, for example, cows, pigs, chickens, sheep, goats, horses, etc. When used as the first organic waste, this feces of livestock, etc. may be used as is, but it may also be used after being subjected to a drying process or the like to reduce the moisture content.

[0016] The second organic waste in this embodiment is a fibrous organic waste, for example, coffee grounds, tea leaves, and fruit or vegetable residues (citrus residues, etc.) discarded by beverage manufacturers and the like. Here, coffee grounds discarded after coffee extraction are particularly preferable, but coffee beans (seeds of coffee trees such as Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica) themselves, roasted, crushed, dried, or powdered coffee beans, etc. may also be used. Note that coffee grounds discarded by beverage manufacturers and the like may be used as they are as the second organic waste, but may also be used after being subjected to a drying process or the like to reduce the moisture content. In addition, roasted coffee beans include coffee beans roasted by various methods such as home roasting, hot air roasting, infrared roasting, microwave roasting, superheated steam roasting, and low-temperature roasting. Furthermore, ground coffee beans include coffee beans ground by various devices such as a coffee mill, grinder, millstone, etc., and also include coffee beans in a coarsely ground or powdered state. Note that, as the second organic waste, powdered waste with a small particle size is preferable from the viewpoint of the efficiency of fermentation with the first additive and the second additive described below.

[0017] The first additive of this embodiment contains an iron compound, and may be, for example, a water-soluble iron compound such as iron chloride (III) or iron sulfate (III), an insoluble iron compound such as iron oxide (III), iron nitrate (III), or iron hydroxide (III), or a combination of a plurality of these iron compounds. In addition, instead of an iron compound, soil containing a lot of allophanic iron such as Akadama soil, Kanuma soil, or loam, soil containing non-crystalline minerals (particularly goethite), natural products such as heme iron, or shells, may be used as the first additive. Furthermore, in addition to the above-mentioned solid substances, a solution in which iron ore (natural iron ore such as pyrite, marcasite, siderite, magnetite, or goethite), iron material (metallic iron), or red soil (soil containing a lot of iron oxide (III) such as laterite) is dissolved in an acidic solution, or an aqueous solution containing trivalent iron ions in which a water-soluble iron compound is dissolved, may be used as the first additive.

[0018] The second additive of this embodiment contains a boron compound, such as borax, boric acid, sodium boron oxide, zinc borate, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, or a combination of a plurality of these. In addition, alkali metal borates, alkaline earth metal borates, etc. may be used, and hydrates of these borates may also be used, more specifically, potassium tetraborate, potassium metaborate, ammonium borate, etc. may also be used.

[0019] The third additive of this embodiment contains a silicon compound, and is, for example, silicic acid and its salts, orthosilicic acid and its salts, metasilicic acid and its salts, disilicic acid and its salts, trisilicic acid and its salts, polysilicic acid and its salts, silicon dioxide, or a combination of two or more of these inorganic silicon compounds. In particular, alkali metal silicates are preferred, and sodium silicate, potassium silicate and their hydrates, and sodium metasilicate nonahydrate are preferred. Other examples include sodium orthosilicate and a mixture of silicon dioxide and sodium oxide (generally Na 2 O nSiO 2 (represented by ) and mixtures of silicon dioxide and potassium oxide (generally K 2 O mSiO 2 (represented by the following formula) may also be used.

[0020] Here, the amounts of each raw material used in the above-mentioned compost manufacturing method will be described when chicken manure is used as the first organic waste, coffee grounds are used as the second organic waste, iron(II) oxide is used as the first additive, boric acid is used as the second additive, and sodium metasilicate nonahydrate is used as the third additive. The first mixture generated in the first mixture generation step is generated by mixing 0.1 to 50 parts by mass of the first additive and 0.01 to 50 parts by mass of the second additive with respect to 100 parts by mass of the second organic waste in an absolute dry state, and it is particularly preferable that the first mixture is generated by mixing 3 to 5 parts by mass of the first additive and 3 to 25 parts by mass of the second additive with respect to 100 parts by mass of the second organic waste in an absolute dry state. In addition, the mass ratio of the first organic waste to the first mixture in the fermentation process (mass ratio in a state containing moisture (not completely dry state)) is 100 parts by mass of the first organic waste to 40 parts by mass or less of the first mixture, and particularly 、1 It is more preferable to mix 20 to 28 parts by mass of the first mixture with 00 parts by mass of the first organic waste. Furthermore, the mass ratio of the fermented product to the third additive in the second mixture production step is such that 15 parts by mass or less of the third additive is mixed with 100 parts by mass of the fermented product (non-bone-dry state with a moisture content of 30%), and particularly 、1 It is more preferable to mix 8 to 15 parts by mass of the third additive with 00 parts by mass of the fermented product.

[0021] The fermentation material of this embodiment is one containing aerobic fermentation bacteria or one containing a complex microorganism consisting of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and natto bacteria, such as "Ehime AI-1 (registered trademark)". Note that the mass ratio of the fermentation material blended in the above-mentioned fermentation product production process in an absolute dry state is 1 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the first organic waste.

[0022] The fermentation apparatus used in the fermentation product production process of this embodiment is equipped with an agitator, blower, etc. in the fermentation lane. The agitator agitates the material to be fermented so as to create spaces into which air can enter, and the blower operates to maintain the temperature during the fermentation process at 60°C or higher in order to promote aerobic fermentation.

[0023] <About the compost in Example 1> Next, referring to FIG. 2, an example of the compost of this embodiment, that is, the compost of Example 1, will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a table explaining the mass and mass ratio of each raw material component in the compost of Example 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the compost of Example 1 was produced by the above-mentioned production method using raw materials including 1500 kg (450 kg in the bone-dry state) of chicken manure as the first organic waste, 300 kg (234 kg in the bone-dry state) of coffee grounds as the second organic waste, 10 kg (10 kg in the bone-dry state) of iron powder (for example, powdered iron (III) oxide) as the first additive, 10 kg (10 kg in the bone-dry state) of boric acid as the second additive, and 5.8 kg of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate as the third additive. Furthermore, in the fermentation production step of the manufacturing method for the compost of Example 1, 10 L of "Ehime AI-1 (registered trademark)" (a solution that weighs 0.04 kg in an absolutely dry state) is mixed in as a fermentation material. In the compost of Example 1, no mold growth was observed by visual inspection, and the foul odor was significantly reduced compared to conventional compost. The mass ratio of each raw material component in an absolutely dry state is 100 parts by mass of chicken manure as the first organic waste to 100 parts by mass of coffee grounds as the second organic waste. 52.0 The first additive, iron powder, is 2.22 parts by mass, the second additive, boric acid, is 2.22 parts by mass, and the third additive, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, is 1.3 parts by mass.

[0024] <Results of analysis on atmospheric odor and maturity> Next, the analysis results of the atmospheric odor and maturity of the compost of Example 1 will be described with reference to Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a table showing the masses of each raw material component of the conventional chicken manure compost, the compost of Example 1, the compost of Comparative Example 1, and the compost of Comparative Example 2, and the analysis results of the atmospheric odor and maturity of each.

[0025] Here, the analysis method of the atmospheric odor and the maturity will be described. First, the analysis method of the atmospheric odor is a method in which an odor sensory test, which is a concentration measurement by a three-point comparison odor bag method, is carried out by a three-person in-house panel. Specifically, as a sample for the odor-detectable test, 10 g of compost was placed in a 3 L sealed bag, filled with odorless air, and left to stand at room temperature for 24 hours. The analysis result of the atmospheric odor shown in FIG. 3 is a value calculated as a ratio of the measured values ​​calculated from the logarithmic average of the dilution ratios detected in the odor sensory test, with the value of the conventional chicken manure compost as the reference being set to 100, and the values ​​of the compost of Example 1, the compost of Comparative Example 1, and the compost of Comparative Example 2. The analysis method of the maturity is a method based on a method of determining the maturity of compost by a simple determination of the carbon dioxide release rate. This is an analysis method based on the fact that it is clear that there is a high correlation between the maturity (composting degree) and the carbon dioxide release rate in compost, and that the maturity (composting degree) can be determined from the carbon dioxide release rate. Specifically, this maturity analysis method involves a three-member in-house panel judging the degree of discoloration of a test paper (filter paper soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution to which a phenolphthalein solution has been added) sealed in a sealed container containing 10 g of compost after it has been left to stand for 40 minutes.The results of the maturity analysis shown in Figure 3 are based on the fact that phenolphthalein (red) is decolorized when the pH level drops due to sodium hydroxide as a result of carbon dioxide absorption in the test paper, and the higher the maturity of the compost, the more red the test paper becomes, resulting in a 10-point evaluation of the color change in the test paper, ranging from white (maturity level 0) to pink (maturity level 5) to red (maturity level 10).

[0026] As shown in FIG. 3, the conventional chicken manure compost is a compost made from chicken manure (1500 kg) as a raw material, and does not use the second organic waste (coffee grounds, etc.), the first additive (iron compounds, etc.), the second additive (boron compounds, etc.), and the third additive (silicon compounds, etc.) as raw materials, as in the compost of Example 1. The compost of Comparative Example 1 is produced from chicken manure (1500 kg) as the first organic waste and coffee grounds (300 kg) as the second organic waste as raw materials. The compost of Comparative Example 2 is produced from chicken manure (1500 kg) as the first organic waste, iron powder (10 kg) as the first additive, and boric acid (10 kg) as the second additive as raw materials. Note that, in the composts of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, 10 L of "Ehime AI-1 (registered trademark)" is mixed as a fermentation material in the fermentation product generation process, as in the compost of Example 1. In other words, the compost of Comparative Example 1 is a compost that does not use iron powder as the first additive and boric acid as the second additive as raw materials, unlike the compost of Example 1, and the compost of Comparative Example 2 is a compost that does not use coffee grounds as the second organic waste as raw materials, unlike the compost of Example 1.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 3, based on the analysis results of the analysis of the atmospheric odor and maturity level comparing each compost, the compost of Example 1 had a reduced atmospheric odor by 90% or more compared to the conventional chicken manure compost, although the maturity level was the same. The compost of Example 1 also had a reduced atmospheric odor compared to the composts of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. In the compost of Comparative Example 1, unlike the compost of Example 1, the fermentation treatment was performed by anaerobic fermentation without the temperature reaching 60° C. or higher in the fermentation treatment of the fermentation product production step, and the ammonia odor during and after the fermentation treatment was reduced compared to the conventional compost, but the miso odor was stronger than that of the compost of Example 1. In addition, in the compost of Comparative Example 2, like the compost of Example 1, the fermentation treatment was performed by aerobic fermentation at a temperature of 60° C. or higher in the fermentation treatment of the fermentation product production step, but the compost had a lower maturity than the compost of Example 1, and the odor during and after the fermentation treatment was reduced compared to the conventional compost.

[0028] <Results of the analysis of compost quality indicators> Next, the results of the MQI (Manure Quality Index) analysis of the compost of Example 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a table illustrating the results of the MQI analysis of the compost of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3. The compost of Comparative Example 3 is produced using 1500 kg (450 kg in the bone-dry state) of chicken manure as the first organic waste, 300 kg (234 kg in the bone-dry state) of coffee grounds as the second organic waste, 10 kg (10 kg in the bone-dry state) of iron powder (e.g., powdered iron (III) oxide) as the first additive, and 10 kg (10 kg in the bone-dry state) of boric acid as the second additive as raw materials, through the first mixture production step and fermentation product production step of the above-mentioned production method, and then through the drying step so that the moisture content is 29%. Unlike the compost of Example 1, the third additive is not added.

[0029] Here, MQI analysis is an analysis to evaluate the quality of compost by measuring 10 items of the compost to be analyzed, including regular chemical analysis (fertilizer component analysis, nitrate nitrogen, water-soluble phosphate, water-soluble potassium, ammonia nitrogen), organic matter analysis (total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN(N)), total phosphorus (TP(P)), total potassium (TK(K)), C / N ratio), and the amount of microbial biomass in the compost. Note that in Figure 4, the explanation is based on the analysis results of seven items: total carbon (TC), total bacterial count (amount of microbial biomass in the compost), total nitrogen (TN(N)), total phosphorus (TP(P)), total potassium (TK(K)), C / N ratio, and moisture content.

[0030] As shown in Figure 4 as chicken manure compost (recommended values), in order for chicken manure compost to be evaluated as high quality, it must meet the recommended values ​​for each measurement item, such as total carbon (TC) of 200,000 (mg / kg) or more, total bacterial count of 1 billion or more (billion cells / g-soil), total nitrogen (TN(N)) of 30,000 (mg / kg) or more, total phosphorus (TP(P)) of 13,000 (mg / kg) or more, total potassium (TK(K)) of 20,000 (mg / kg) or more, C / N ratio of less than 15, and moisture content of less than 35 (%). Thus, in the compost of Comparative Example 3, the total carbon (TC) was 210,000 (mg / kg), the total bacterial count was 1.47 billion / g soil, the total nitrogen (TN(N)) was 31,000 (mg / kg), the total phosphorus (TP(P)) was 21,000 (mg / kg), the total potassium (TK(K)) was 28,000 (mg / kg), the C / N ratio was 8, and the moisture content was 29%. Therefore, the compost of Comparative Example 3 can be said to be a high-quality compost. On the other hand, in the compost of Example 1, the total carbon (TC) was 210,000 (mg / kg), the total nitrogen (TN(N)) was 31,000 (mg / kg), the total phosphorus (TP(P)) was 24,000 (mg / kg), the total potassium (TK(K)) was 36,000 (mg / kg), the C / N ratio was 7, and the moisture content was 20 (%), but the total bacterial count was not detectable (nd) because the value was small. Therefore, it can be said that the compost of Example 1 is a compost that is highly rated in terms of quality other than the amount of microbial biomass in the compost.

[0031] <About the compost packaging of Example 1> The compost package 10 of Example 1 will be described with reference to Figures 5-1 and 5-2. Figure 5-1(a) is a schematic diagram illustrating the package 10 containing the compost of Example 1, and Figure 5-1(b) is a schematic diagram illustrating the strip 15 that constitutes the package 10. Figure 5-2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the package 10 used as a mulching material.

[0032] As shown in Figs. 5-1(a) and (b), the packaging body 10 is white and made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a biodegradable resin, and can contain 10 kg of the compost of Example 1. The packaging body 10 is made of a strip-shaped body 15 having a thickness of 0.03 mm, a length of 350 mm, and a width of 1200 mm. The strip 15 is further formed with a folding portion 21 that is a perpendicular line to the long side at the center in the horizontal direction, a first welding portion 26 and a second welding portion 27 at the end of the long side in the horizontal direction, and a third welding portion 28 at the end of the short side in the vertical direction. The packaging body 10 is formed by thermally welding the first welding portion 26, the second welding portion 27, and the third welding portion 28 of the strip 15 in a state where it is folded at the folding portion 21. That is, 10 kg of the compost of Example 1 is placed in strip 15 formed into a 350 mm x 600 mm bag by heat welding first welded portion 26 and second welded portion 27, and then package 10 containing the compost is formed by heat welding third welded portion 28. Note that package 10 may have a plurality of fine ventilation holes formed therein to ensure breathability for the contained compost.

[0033] Here, various types of biodegradable resins can be used as the packaging body 10 in addition to the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) described above. For example, resins made of components such as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polybutylene succinate adipate (PBSA), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), and polyethylene terephthalate succinate can be used, and a combination of a plurality of these resins may also be used. In addition to the above-mentioned white color, the packaging body 10 may be transparent, and various other colors may also be used. For example, the packaging body 10 may be one color, such as black, green, etc., or may be one with multiple colors, such as one side being white and the other side being black.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 5-2, the compost contained therein is then used, and the empty package 10 can be used as a mulching material. Specifically, for example, in the package 10, the third welded portion 28 is cut to use the compost contained therein, and then the first welded portion 26 and the second welded portion 27 are cut to form a strip having a thickness of 0.03 mm, a length of about 350 mm, and a width of about 1200 mm. This strip can then be placed over the ridges of a field to be used as a mulching material for covering the ridges. When using the package 10 as a mulching material, after forming it into a strip as described above, planting holes 30 for planting seedlings of agricultural crops or the like may be formed.

[0035] <Features of this embodiment> According to the compost of Example 1 of the embodiment described above, a compost can be obtained by mixing and fermenting a fermented product obtained by mixing and fermenting the feces of livestock as the first organic waste, fibrous organic waste as the second organic waste, a material containing an iron compound as the first additive, and a material containing a boron compound as the second additive, and then mixing the fermented product with a material containing a silicon compound as the third additive. With the compost of this embodiment, it is possible to obtain a compost with significantly reduced odor compared to conventional compost. Furthermore, with the compost of this embodiment, the iron of the iron compound, the boron of the boron compound, and the silicon of the silicon compound are effective components as fertilizer, so that the compost can be obtained with a good growth effect on crops. In particular, the iron compound as the first additive is known to have a deodorizing effect, and as shown in FIG. 3, it can be inferred that the compost of this embodiment has a further reduced odor due to the inclusion of the first additive. In addition, the boron compound (e.g., boric acid, etc.) as the second additive and the silicon compound (e.g., alkali metal silicate, etc.) as the third additive are known to have antifungal and antiseptic effects, and it can be presumed that the compost of this embodiment has a reduced odor due to the inclusion of the second additive, as shown in Figure 3. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, the compost of this embodiment has a reduced odor because the amount of microbial biomass in the compost can be reduced and the progress of fermentation during storage, etc. can be inhibited by adding a silicon compound as the third additive.

[0036] In addition, the compost of the above-mentioned embodiment Manufacturing method According to Non-bone-dry first mixture contains coffee grounds as a fibrous organic waste, In a completely dry state 20 to 28 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of first organic waste And The first additive is 3 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the second organic waste. And The second additive is 3 to 25 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the second organic waste. And The third additive is 8 to 15 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the fermented product. The compost production method is such that the mass ratio is compost ManufacturedIt is possible to obtain a compost having a significantly reduced foul odor compared to conventional composts. In particular, since coffee grounds, which are fibrous organic waste as the second organic waste, are a porous material and have a deodorizing effect, it is presumed that the compost of this embodiment has a further reduced foul odor by containing coffee grounds as the first additive, as shown in FIG. 3. Furthermore, since the coffee grounds, which are a porous material, can hold air and fermentation bacteria for aerobic fermentation, they also have the effect of promoting good aerobic fermentation in the fermentation product production process. Furthermore, since the compost of this embodiment contains iron compounds, boron compounds (e.g., boric acid, etc.), and silicon compounds (e.g., alkali metal silicates, etc.), which are known to have antifungal and antiseptic effects, it is possible to suppress the generation of mold and putrefaction in the coffee grounds, which are the second organic waste, and to further reduce the foul odor. Furthermore, the compost of this embodiment has an extremely small amount of microbial biomass in the compost, which can inhibit the progress of fermentation during storage, etc., and therefore can further reduce unpleasant odors.

[0037] Furthermore, according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the compost manufacturing method, the compost manufacturing method can be implemented by carrying out a first mixture generating step of generating a first mixture in which the second organic waste, the first additive, and the second additive are mixed, a fermentation product generating step of mixing the first mixture generated in the first mixture generating step with the first organic waste and aerobic fermenting the mixture to generate a fermentation product, and a second mixture generating step of generating a second mixture in which the fermentation product generated in the fermentation product generating step is mixed with the third additive. In this compost manufacturing method, the second organic waste (coffee grounds, etc.) that is prone to mold and spoilage is mixed with an iron compound, boric acid, etc., and then fermented to generate a fermentation product, so that mold and spoilage during fermentation in the second organic waste can be further suppressed, and the bad odor can be significantly reduced. In addition, in the compost manufacturing method of this embodiment, by adding a silicon compound as the third additive in the second mixture generating step, the amount of microbial biomass in the compost can be reduced, and the progress of fermentation during storage, etc. can be suppressed, and the bad odor can be further reduced.

[0038] Incidentally, in conventional chicken manure compost, the amount of microbial biomass in the compost was about 10 (billion pieces / g-soil) or more, so that, for example, it was necessary to use a non-biodegradable resin package for storing and transporting the conventional compost. Therefore, the conventional compost package had no choice but to be incinerated after the compost contained therein was used. In this respect, the compost of Example 1 of this embodiment has an extremely small amount of microbial biomass in the compost, so that the package 10 made of a biodegradable resin as described above can be used. Furthermore, when the package 10 made of such a biodegradable resin is used as a mulching material after the compost contained therein is used, it is biodegraded by microorganisms in the soil in which it is placed. Therefore, if a biodegradable resin package can be used as the package for the compost of Example 1 in this way, the package that is emptied after the compost of this embodiment is supplied can be used as a mulching material, so that the compost package is biodegraded by microorganisms in the soil, and the occurrence of environmental problems associated with the incineration of the compost package can be reduced.

[0039] <Other embodiments> (1) In the above embodiment, the first mixture produced in the first mixture production step is mixed with the first organic waste in the fermentation step of the compost manufacturing method. However, the first mixture may be divided into a predetermined amount and mixed with the first organic waste. Specifically, 50 to 5000 g of the first mixture may be enclosed in a biodegradable film packaging material, and the packaging material containing the first mixture may be mixed with the first organic waste in the fermentation step. When such a packaging material containing the first mixture is used, the first mixture is more easily mixed uniformly with the first organic waste than when it is not used, so that the odor can be further reduced. In addition, since the packaging material is made of a biodegradable film, it is decomposed in the fermentation process in the fermentation step, and the effect of the active ingredient in the compost on the growth of crops is not impaired.

[0040] (2-1) In the above embodiment, an alkali metal silicate (e.g., sodium silicate nonahydrate) is added as the third additive to the fermented product in the second mixture production step, but the third additive may contain an alkali metal silicate and other substances. The third additive may be, for example, an aqueous solution of an alkali metal silicate and borax, and more specifically, may be composed of 40 to 60 parts by mass of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate and 3 to 7 parts by mass of borax per 100 parts by mass of water. When using such a third additive, for example, in the fermented product production step of the compost production method, a drying treatment may be performed on a fermented product having a moisture content of about 40 to 45% until the moisture content becomes about 15 to 35%, and the third additive may be added in the subsequent second mixture production step, and the product may be dried again in a drying step until the moisture content becomes about 15 to 35%. In this case, the third additive is added in an amount of 20 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the fermented product. In compost produced by this method, the third additive contains moisture, which makes it easier for the third additive to be mixed more uniformly with the fermented matter in the second mixture production process than compost that does not contain moisture, making it possible to produce compost with reduced odors.

[0041] (2-2) Furthermore, the third additive may be a mixture of the aqueous solution of the alkali metal silicate and borax, and coffee grounds and / or iron oxide. More specifically, the mixture may be such that 30 to 50 parts by mass of coffee grounds and / or 8 to 15 parts by mass of iron (II) oxide per 100 parts by mass of the fermented product (non-absolutely dry state with a moisture content of 30%). With a compost produced by such a production method, more coffee grounds and / or iron (II) oxide are added than those added in the first mixture production step, so that a compost with a further reduced bad odor can be produced. In addition, since the coffee grounds and / or iron (II) oxide are added together with the moisture from the aqueous solution of the alkali metal silicate and borax, the coffee grounds and / or iron (II) oxide can be more uniformly mixed with the fermented product in the second mixture production step compared to a compost that does not contain moisture, and a compost with a further reduced bad odor can be produced.

[0042] (2-3) Furthermore, the third additive may be an aqueous solution of the above-mentioned alkali metal silicate and borax containing gelatin, and more specifically, may contain 7 to 10 parts by mass of gelatin per 100 parts by mass of water. When using such a third additive, for example, in the drying step of the compost manufacturing method, the second mixture may be molded into a mold having a predetermined pellet shape (for example, a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 2 to 10 mm and a length of 10 mm or less) and then dried. The pellet-shaped compost manufactured in this way is easier to pack individually in a packaging material than conventional coarse granular compost, and can be easily used when spreading the compost on soil. In addition, glue, which is a water-soluble organic adhesive component, is particularly preferable as the gelatin contained in the third additive.

[0043] (3) In the above embodiment, when the package 10 containing the compost after use is made into a strip for use as a mulching material, the first welded portion 26, the second welded portion 27, and the third welded portion 28 are cut, but perforated cuts that facilitate cutting may be formed. With such a package, when the package containing the compost after use is made into a strip for use as a mulching material, it is easy to make the package into a strip for use as a mulching material. Furthermore, by forming perforated cuts in the package, the breathability of the compost of Example 1 contained in the package can be further improved.

[0044] Although the present invention has been described above based on the embodiments, the above-described embodiments of the invention are intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention may be modified or improved without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and the present invention includes equivalents thereof. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 10...packaging body, 15...belt-shaped body, 21...folded portion, 26...first welded portion, 27...second welded portion, 28...third welded portion, 30...planting hole.

Claims

1. A method for producing compost comprising a first organic waste containing chicken manure, a second organic waste containing coffee grounds as a fibrous organic waste different from the first organic waste, a first additive containing an iron compound, a second additive containing a boron compound, and a third additive containing a silicon compound, comprising: a first mixture producing step of producing a first mixture by mixing the second organic waste in a non-bone-dry state, the first additive and the second additive so that the first additive is 0.1 to 50 parts by mass and the second additive is 0.01 to 50 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the second organic waste in a bone-dry state; a fermentation process for producing a fermentation product by mixing the first organic waste and the first mixture so that the first mixture is 40 parts by mass or less in a non-bone-dry state per 100 parts by mass of the first organic waste in a non-bone-dry state, and aerobic fermenting the first organic waste and producing a fermentation product; and a second mixture production step of producing a second mixture by mixing the fermented material with the third additive so that the amount of the third additive is 15 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the fermented material in a non-bone-dry state.

2. The compost producing method according to claim 1, In the first mixture generating step, the first mixture is generated so that the first additive is 3 to 5 parts by mass and the second additive is 3 to 25 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the second organic waste in an absolute dry state; In the fermentation process, the fermentation product is generated so that the first mixture in a non-bone-dry state is 20 to 28 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the first organic waste in a non-bone-dry state; In the second mixture producing step, the second mixture is produced so that the third additive is 8 to 15 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the fermented product in a non-bone-dry state. A method for producing compost.

Images