Non-fungible token record management system, non-fungible token record management method, and non-fungible token record management program

Abstract

A non-fungible token record management system is provided that manages the contents of records in a distributed ledger associated with non-fungible tokens. [Solution] The non-fungible token record management system includes an object information generation unit 2 that generates object information regarding an object associated with a non-fungible token, a first transaction generation unit 4 that generates a first transaction to be stored in a block in a closed system distributed ledger, which is a distributed ledger in which only specific people can be involved in record processing, a closed system ledger information acquisition unit 7 that acquires closed system ledger information, which is information stored in the closed system ledger, an open system ledger information acquisition unit 8 that acquires open system ledger information, which is information stored in an open system distributed ledger, which is a distributed ledger in which unspecified people can be involved in record processing, a ledger information comparison unit 9 that compares the closed system ledger information with the open system ledger information, and an additional information generation unit 10 that generates additional information, which is information to be added to the open system distributed ledger to make it identical to the content of the closed system ledger information.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a technology for managing the contents of records in a distributed ledger associated with non-fungible tokens. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, a technology has been proposed that links digital content such as digital art with non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and manages the transaction history of the content and the transfer and setting of rights on a public blockchain that can be participated in by an unspecified number of people. The transaction history is managed using a distributed ledger set on a public blockchain, and the authenticity of electronic information related to transactions newly written to the ledger is judged by a majority vote of an unspecified number of nodes, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the information written to the ledger and accurately managing the transaction history, setting, transfer, and change of rights of non-fungible tokens (and digital content linked to them). In such a public blockchain, it is possible to set up a program that automatically operates according to pre-specified rules (so-called "smart contracts"), and for example, a mechanism is adopted in which a part of the transaction fee is returned to the author every time a linked non-fungible token is traded for digital content consisting of copyrighted works, and it has the advantage of being able to set up a framework that was difficult to realize in conventional transactions.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses technology related to a transaction management blockchain that sets and manages NFTs for ownership and usage rights of digital works. Patent Document 2 discloses technology related to a transaction management system that uses NFTs, expanding the objects to be managed to include tangible artworks. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-189475 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 7033352 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, since public blockchains allow the participation of an unspecified number of people, there is a concern that, for example, a malicious participant may determine incorrect electronic information as true during a majority vote and record a transaction history that is contrary to the truth (the so-called "51% attack"). In addition, since a certain protocol has already been established for public blockchains, there is a problem that there is little freedom in designing the management system. For example, even if certain conditions are imposed on the transfer of digital content or tangible objects linked to non-fungible tokens (for example, the transferee must have certain qualifications), in a public blockchain, if the legitimate owner provides electronic information (and an electronic signature encrypted with the owner's private key) indicating that the transfer has been made to the transferee, the transaction will be approved and recorded in the distributed ledger even if the transferee does not have the necessary qualifications, as long as there are no errors in the electronic information.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a record management system for non-fungible tokens that ensures design freedom and security. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the non-fungible token record management system according to claim 1 is a non-fungible token record management system that manages the record contents of a distributed ledger that has a corresponding relationship with a non-fungible token associated with a specific object, and is characterized in that it comprises: an object information generation means for generating object information, which is information about an object associated with a non-fungible token; a first information output means for outputting the object information generated by the object information generation means to a closed system distributed ledger that has a corresponding relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which only predetermined specific persons can be involved in the record processing; an additional information generation means for generating additional information, which is information that is output to an open system distributed ledger that has a corresponding relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which unspecified persons can be involved in the record processing, and which matches the record contents of the open system distributed ledger with the record contents of the closed system distributed ledger including the object information output by the first information output means; and a second information output means for outputting the additional information generated by the additional information generation means to the open system distributed ledger.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the non-fungible token record management system according to claim 2 further comprises, in the above invention, closed ledger information acquisition means for acquiring closed ledger information which is information on all or a part of the record contents of the closed distributed ledger including the object information output by the first information output means, open ledger information acquisition means for acquiring open ledger information which is information on all or a part of the record contents of the open distributed ledger and is information within a range corresponding to the closed ledger information, and information comparison means for comparing the content of the closed ledger information acquired by the closed ledger information acquisition means with the content of the open ledger information acquired by the open ledger information acquisition means, and the additional information generation means generates the additional information when it is determined by the information comparison means that the open ledger information has a missing part compared to the closed ledger information. Add The information corresponding to the part is generated as the additional information, and the information comparison means compares the open system ledger information with the closed system ledger information. ledger If it is determined that the information has a surplus, the surplus NThe present invention is characterized in that information for eliminating or canceling the portion is generated as the additional information.

[0009] In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the non-fungible token record management system of claim 3, in the above invention, further comprises an open system ledger information monitoring means for continuously monitoring changes in the record contents of the open system distributed ledger, wherein the open system ledger information acquisition means and the closed system ledger information acquisition means acquire the open system ledger information and the closed system ledger information, respectively, when the open system ledger information monitoring means detects a change in the record contents of the open system distributed ledger, the information comparison means compares the acquired open system ledger information and the closed system ledger information, and the additional information generation means, when the information comparison means determines that the contents of the open system ledger information and the closed system ledger information differ, further generates the additional information so that the record contents of the open system distributed ledger match the record contents of the closed system distributed ledger.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the non-fungible token record management method according to claim 4 manages the record contents of a distributed ledger that has a correspondence relationship with a non-fungible token associated with a specific object. Non-fungible token record-keeping system implemented A non-fungible token record management method, comprising: an object information generation step of generating object information, which is information about an object associated with a non-fungible token; a first information output step of outputting the object information generated in the object information generation step to a closed system distributed ledger that has a corresponding relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which only predetermined specific persons can be involved in recording processing; an additional information generation step of generating additional information, which is information that is output to an open system distributed ledger that has a corresponding relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which unspecified persons can be involved in recording processing, and which matches the record content of the open system distributed ledger with the record content of the closed system distributed ledger including the object information output by the first information output step; and a second information output step of outputting the additional information generated in the additional information generation step to the open system distributed ledger.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the non-fungible token record management method according to claim 5 further comprises the steps of: Steps a closed system ledger information acquisition step of acquiring closed system ledger information which is information on all or a part of the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger including the object information output by the above-mentioned, an open system ledger information acquisition step of acquiring open system ledger information which is information on all or a part of the recorded contents of the open system distributed ledger, the information being information within a range corresponding to the closed system ledger information, and an information comparison step of comparing the contents of the closed system ledger information acquired in the closed system ledger information acquisition step with the contents of the open system ledger information acquired in the open system ledger information acquisition step, and in the additional information generation step, when it is determined by the information comparison step that the open system ledger information has a missing part compared to the closed system ledger information, Add The information corresponding to the part is generated as the additional information, and the open system ledger information is compared with the closed system ledger information by the information comparison step. ledger If it is determined that the information has a surplus, the surplus N The present invention is characterized in that information for eliminating or canceling the portion is generated as the additional information.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, a non-fungible token record management program according to claim 6 is a non-fungible token record management program that causes a computer to manage the record contents of a distributed ledger that has a correspondence relationship with a non-fungible token associated with a specific object, and is characterized in that it causes the computer to execute an object information generation function that generates object information, which is information about an object associated with a non-fungible token; a first information output function that outputs the object information generated by the object information generation function to a closed system distributed ledger that has a correspondence relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which only a predetermined specific person can be involved in the record processing; an additional information generation function that generates additional information that is information that is output to an open system distributed ledger that has a correspondence relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which unspecified people can be involved in the record processing, and that matches the record contents of the open system distributed ledger with the record contents of the closed system distributed ledger including the object information output by the first information output function; and a second information output function that outputs the additional information generated by the additional information generation function to the open system distributed ledger. Effect of the Invention

[0013] According to the present invention, it is possible to construct a record management system for non-fungible tokens that ensures design freedom and security. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a non-fungible token record management system according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 2] 4 is a flowchart showing the process of the non-fungible token record management system according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a non-fungible token record management system according to a second embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a non-fungible token record management system according to a third embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, examples considered to be the most appropriate embodiments of the present invention will be described, and it goes without saying that the contents of the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to the specific examples shown in the present embodiments. Of course, any configuration that achieves the same action and effect, even if it is a specific configuration other than that shown in the embodiments, is included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[0016] (Embodiment 1) First, the non-fungible token record management system according to the first embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the non-fungible token record management system according to the first embodiment includes a token generation unit 1 that generates a non-fungible token associated with an object of a transaction or the like, an object information generation unit 2 that generates object information that is information about an object associated with the non-fungible token, an information verification unit 3 that verifies the appropriateness of the generated object information, a first transaction generation unit 4 that generates a first transaction that is associated with the non-fungible token generated by the token generation unit 1 and is stored in a block in a closed-system distributed ledger that is a distributed ledger in which only specific people can participate in the recording process, based on the object information verified by the information verification unit as correct information, a first electronic signature generation unit 5 that generates a first electronic signature that is an electronic signature for proving that the content of the first transaction follows proper procedures, a first information output unit 6 that outputs the generated first transaction and the first electronic signature to the closed-system distributed ledger, and a closed-system ledger information that is information stored in the closed ledger. the open system distributed ledger, which is associated with the token generated by the token generation unit 1 and is stored in an open system distributed ledger in which unspecified persons can be involved in the recording process; a ledger information comparison unit 9 that compares the closed system ledger information with the open system ledger information; an additional information generation unit 10 that generates additional information, which is information to be added to the open system distributed ledger to make the content of the open system distributed ledger identical to the content of the closed system ledger information, based on a comparison result by the ledger information comparison unit 9; a second transaction generation unit 11 that generates a second transaction, which is a transaction to be stored in the open system distributed ledger, based on the additional information; a second electronic signature generation unit 12 that generates a second electronic signature, which is an electronic signature to prove that the content of the second transaction has been generated in accordance with proper procedures; a second information output unit 13 that outputs the generated second transaction and second electronic signature to the open system distributed ledger; and a private key storage unit 14 that stores a private key used in the second electronic signature generation unit 12.

[0017] The token generating unit 1 is for generating a non-fungible token that corresponds to the object. The "non-fungible token" means a so-called NFT (Non-Fungible Token), that is, a token that has unique data and has a property of being non-fungible with other tokens, and is issued based on ERC721, which is a standard of Ethereum (registered trademark), for example. The non-fungible token in the present embodiment 1 is issued based on ERC721 or other predetermined standard, and is configured such that the transaction history of the object, information on the owner, and information on the setting, transfer, change, etc. of rights such as the right to use the object are recorded in a distributed ledger on a blockchain that corresponds to the non-fungible token.

[0018] "Blockchain" is a technology that uses encryption technology to synchronize data between multiple computers that make up a distributed network. Specifically, each block is composed of a collection of information about tokens, such as agreed-upon transaction records, and information for connecting to other blocks (information about the previous block), and the blockchain is composed of multiple blocks that are linked together. Even if data is tampered with in a part of multiple computers, the correct data is selected by majority vote among the other computers, so that data destruction and tampering are extremely difficult. Blockchains are classified into public blockchains that do not place restrictions on those who participate in the majority vote, that is, unspecified people can participate in the recording process in the distributed ledger, consortium blockchains that only multiple or a single specific person can participate in the majority vote, that is, only predetermined specific people can participate in the recording process in the distributed ledger, and private blockchains, the former of which is a concept included in the open system distributed ledger in the present invention, and the latter of which is a concept included in the closed system distributed ledger in the present invention. In the non-fungible token in the first embodiment, a correspondence relationship is established between the open system distributed ledger and the closed system distributed ledger.

[0019] A specific embodiment of linking a non-fungible token with an object is to associate the identifier of the non-fungible token with the identification information of the object. In principle, the correspondence between the object and the non-fungible token is one-to-one, but multiple non-fungible tokens may be set for one object depending on the circumstances.

[0020] In addition, in the first embodiment, in the blocks constituting the distributed ledger corresponding to the generated non-fungible token, in addition to transaction records related to the transfer of the ownership of the non-fungible token (including cases where it is matched with the ownership / ownership name of the object), preferably, information related to the transfer of the ownership / ownership name of the object, the establishment of rights such as the right to use granted to the object, the transfer of the right holder who holds the right, changes to the content of the right, etc. However, a configuration in which information other than the above is recorded may be used, or a configuration in which only a part of the contents listed above is recorded may be used.

[0021] The non-fungible token may be generated by the token generation unit 1 itself, or may be generated by an external system by issuing a predetermined command to an external system directly or indirectly connected to the token generation unit 1. The specific format of the non-fungible token is not limited to one conforming to ERC721, the standard of Ethereum (registered trademark), and may be any format as long as it has the property of being non-fungible and information such as transaction history can be stored in an open distributed ledger or a closed distributed ledger.

[0022] The object information generating unit 2 is for generating object information included in the first transaction output to the closed distributed ledger. Specifically, the object information generating unit 2 generates object information including a transaction history (a name change history of an owner / holder) of an object that preferably corresponds to a non-fungible token, the contents of a right set for the object, a history of transfers of the right (a name change history of a right holder, etc.), and information regarding the contents, transfers, changes, etc. of the right. However, the contents of the object information may include all of the above elements, or may include only a part of the above elements as a simpler configuration, or may include elements other than the above elements, such as information regarding a non-fungible token associated with the object.

[0023] The information verification unit 3 is for verifying whether the object information generated by the object information generation unit 2 conforms to a predetermined standard in a system including a closed distributed ledger to which the information is output. Specifically, the closed distributed ledger in the first embodiment is set on a consortium blockchain in which correct data is selected by a majority vote of a specific number of people, or on a private blockchain in which correct data is selected by a majority vote of a specific person or one or more people appointed by the specific person, and can be designed differently from a public blockchain in which an unspecified number of people can participate, and accordingly, a unique standard may be imposed on the content of information recorded in the distributed ledger. In the first embodiment, the information verification unit 3 has a function of verifying whether the object information generated by the object information generation unit 2 satisfies such a standard, and if it is determined that the standard is satisfied, the object information is output to the first transaction generation unit 4, while if it is determined that the standard is not satisfied, the object information is not output, or the object information is corrected to satisfy the restriction condition and then output to the first transaction generation unit 4. Examples of unique criteria regarding the content of information may include objective conditions such as age restrictions or qualification restrictions for the transferee of ownership and possession rights of the non-fungible token and / or the object associated therewith (e.g., restrictions on the content of the rights to be set (exclusive use rights cannot be set, etc.)), procedural conditions such as confirmation of the content by a specific person involved in the majority vote and completion of an approval procedure, but other types of conditions may also be used.

[0024] The first transaction generating unit 4 is for generating a first transaction to be stored in a block in a closed distributed ledger. Specifically, the first transaction generating unit 4 generates a first transaction that is information on the contents of the object information, such as information on a change in the name of the holder of a non-fungible token, or information on the contents of the usage authority of the object associated with the non-fungible token.

[0025] The first electronic signature generating unit 5 is for generating a first electronic signature, which is data that proves that information included in the first transaction is authentic. Specifically, the first electronic signature generating unit 5 has a function of generating a hash value of the first transaction generated by the first transaction generating unit 4, and encrypting the hash value with a private key to generate a first electronic signature. The "hash value" is a fixed-length value obtained by performing a certain calculation procedure on the original data. Since the calculation procedure is irreversible, it is considered impossible to restore the original data from the hash value. The "private key" is a number sequence used in the encryption process, and is configured to be decryptable by a corresponding "public key." In the first embodiment, the first transaction generating unit 4 and the first electronic signature generating unit 5 are configured to generate the transaction and the electronic signature by themselves, but this is not necessary, and the first transaction generating unit 4 and the first electronic signature generating unit 5 may have a function of only instructing an external predetermined device to generate the first transaction and the first electronic signature.

[0026] The first information output unit 6 is for outputting the first transaction generated by the first transaction generation unit 4 and the first electronic signature generated by the first electronic signature generation unit 5 to a closed system distributed ledger associated with a non-fungible token. The first information output unit 6 functions as one aspect of the first information output means in the claims, and in this embodiment, it is configured to directly output the first transaction and the first electronic signature, but it may be configured to only instruct other components (including those provided outside the system) to output them. In this embodiment 1, the first information output unit 6 is directly or indirectly connected to the network in which the closed system distributed ledger is installed, and is configured to be able to output predetermined data to the closed system distributed ledger. With regard to the data output from the first information output unit 6, a hash value of the first transaction is generated, and the hash value is compared with data obtained by decrypting the first electronic signature with a public key. If the two values ​​are different, it is determined that the transaction is not a regular transaction and registration in the closed system distributed ledger is rejected, and if the two values ​​match, it is determined that the transaction is a regular transaction, and the information constituted by the transaction is stored in a block constituting the closed system distributed ledger.

[0027] The closed ledger information acquisition unit 7 is for acquiring all or part of the information recorded in the closed distributed ledger that corresponds to the non-fungible token generated by the token generation unit 1. Specifically, the closed ledger information acquisition unit 7 has a function of accessing the closed distributed ledger that corresponds to the non-fungible token and acquiring information recorded regarding the non-fungible token and the object associated therewith. The content of the information to be acquired may be all of the information recorded in the closed distributed ledger, or may be only a part of the information, for example, only information newly added since the time of past information acquisition, only information added during a certain period, or only information in a certain field (for example, transaction history of the object).

[0028] The open ledger information acquisition unit 8 is for acquiring information recorded in an open distributed ledger that corresponds to the non-fungible token generated by the token generation unit 1. Specifically, the open ledger information acquisition unit 8 has a function of accessing an open distributed ledger that corresponds to the non-fungible token and acquiring information recorded regarding the non-fungible token and the object associated therewith. The content of the information to be acquired may be all or part of the information recorded in the open distributed ledger, but in relation to the information comparison process in the ledger information comparison unit 9 described later, it is preferable that the information be of the same range as the information acquired by the closed ledger information acquisition unit 7.

[0029] The ledger information comparison unit 9 is for comparing the information acquired by the closed ledger information acquisition unit 7 and the open ledger information acquisition unit 8, respectively, and extracting the different parts. Specifically, the ledger information comparison unit 9 has a function of extracting the difference value between the information acquired by the closed ledger information acquisition unit 7 and the information acquired by the open ledger information acquisition unit 7 (information included in the former but not included in the latter, or information included in the latter but not included in the former) and outputting it to the additional information generation unit 10. In the first embodiment, it is assumed that the information acquisition by the closed ledger information acquisition unit 7 and the open ledger information acquisition unit 8 and the information comparison process by the ledger information comparison unit 9 are performed at the timing when the first transaction and the first electronic signature are output from the first information output unit 6 and a change occurs in the recorded contents of the closed distributed ledger.

[0030] The additional information generating unit 10 generates additional information, which is information that matches the recorded contents of the open system distributed ledger with the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger including the object information output from the first information output unit 6, based on the comparison result by the ledger information comparing unit 9, and is information to be newly recorded in the open system distributed ledger. Specifically, when the comparison result by the ledger information comparing unit 9 indicates that there is a missing part in the description information of the open system distributed ledger based on the closed system distributed ledger, the additional information generating unit 10 generates information corresponding to the missing part as additional information. Also, when the comparison result by the ledger information comparing unit 9 indicates that there is a surplus part in the description information of the open system distributed ledger based on the closed system distributed ledger, the additional information generating unit 10 generates information that eliminates the surplus part (for example, information that instructs the open system distributed ledger to delete the surplus part) or information that negates the surplus part (for example, information that corrects the surplus part after the fact, assuming the existence of the surplus part).

[0031] The second transaction generation unit 11 is for generating a second transaction to be stored in a block in the open distributed ledger. Specifically, the second transaction generation unit 11 has a function of generating a second transaction including the additional information generated by the additional information generation unit 10.

[0032] The second electronic signature generating unit 12 is for generating a second electronic signature which is data that proves that information included in the second transaction is authentic. Specifically, the second electronic signature generating unit 12 has a function of generating a hash value of the second transaction generated by the second transaction generating unit 11, and generating a second electronic signature by encrypting the hash value with a private key stored in the private key storage unit 14 described later. In the first embodiment, the second transaction generating unit 11 and the second electronic signature generating unit 12 are configured to generate the transaction and the electronic signature by themselves, but this is not necessary, and the second transaction generating unit 11 and the second electronic signature generating unit 12 may have a function of only instructing an external predetermined device to generate the second transaction and the second electronic signature.

[0033] The second information output unit 13 is for instructing to provide and output the second transaction generated by the second transaction generation unit 11 and the second electronic signature generated by the second electronic signature generation unit 12 in an open distributed ledger associated with a non-fungible token. The second information output unit 13 may be configured to directly output the second transaction and the second electronic signature, as with the first information output unit 6, or may be configured to only instruct other components to output them. With regard to the data output by the second information output unit 13, a hash value of the second transaction is generated, and the hash value is compared with data obtained by decrypting the second electronic signature with a public key. If the two values ​​are different, the transaction is determined to be an illegal transaction and registration in the open distributed ledger is rejected, whereas if the two values ​​match, the transaction is determined to be an illegal transaction, and information constituted by the transaction is stored in a block constituting the open distributed ledger.

[0034] The private key storage unit 14 is for storing a private key used when generating a second electronic signature in the second electronic signature generation unit 12. Generally, the private key used when creating an electronic signature is held by the holder of a non-fungible token, but the private key storage unit 14 in the present embodiment 1 independently stores the private key on behalf of the holder of the non-fungible token, or stores a copy having the same function as the private key held by the holder of the non-fungible token.

[0035] Next, the processing contents of the non-fungible token record management system according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 2. First, the transaction record generation unit 2 generates object information, which is information about an object (step S101), and the information verification unit 3 verifies whether the generated object information conforms to a standard defined by a system including a closed distributed ledger (step S102). If it is determined that the object information does not conform to the standard (step S102, No), the process returns to step S101 and object information is generated again (this process may be performed by the object information generation unit 2 or the information verification unit 3 itself). If it is determined that the object information conforms to the standard (step S102, Yes), a first transaction and a first electronic signature are generated based on the object information and output to the closed distributed ledger (step S103).

[0036] Thereafter, the closed system ledger information acquisition unit 7 and the open system ledger information acquisition unit 8 acquire information recorded in each distributed ledger, and the ledger information comparison unit 9 compares the two to determine whether there are any differences (step S104). If there are no differences (step S104, No), the process ends. If there are differences (step S104, Yes), the additional information generation unit 10 generates additional information consisting of the contents to be recorded in the open system distributed ledger so that the recorded contents of the open system distributed ledger match the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger (step S105), and a second transaction and a second electronic signature are generated based on the additional information and output to the open system distributed ledger (step S106), and all processes end.

[0037] Next, advantages of the non-fungible token record management system according to the first embodiment will be described. First, in the non-fungible token record management system according to the first embodiment, a single token (and an object associated therewith) corresponds to both a closed distributed ledger and an open distributed ledger, and information on the transfer of ownership and ownership authority of the non-fungible token and / or the corresponding object, and the establishment, transfer, change, etc. of rights are recorded in both ledgers. Since the closed distributed ledger is configured to involve only specific persons, it is possible to design a unique system, unlike an open distributed ledger such as a public blockchain in which an unspecified number of people can participate. On the other hand, since the closed distributed ledger is a closed network in which only specific persons can participate, information on the transaction history of the non-fungible token and / or the corresponding object cannot be widely disclosed to the public. Therefore, in this embodiment 1, a token management system with increased freedom in system design, etc. is realized by storing the first transaction including the object information in a closed distributed ledger, and the contents of the open distributed ledger, which allows the participation of an unspecified number of people, are synchronized with the contents of the closed distributed ledger, making it possible to make the object information widely available to the general public.

[0038] In addition, in the non-fungible token record management system according to the first embodiment, the ledger information comparison unit 9 compares the information recorded in the closed system distributed ledger with the information recorded in the open system distributed ledger, and if there is a difference, generates additional information to be recorded in the open system distributed ledger so that the content of the information recorded in the open system distributed ledger matches the content of the information recorded in the closed system distributed ledger. By adopting such a configuration, it has an advantage that when target information is added to the closed system distributed ledger, it can be quickly reflected in the open system distributed ledger. In addition, even if false information is determined to be true by a majority vote by a malicious unspecified person (a so-called "51% attack") and false information is recorded, the existence of false information can be confirmed by comparison by the ledger information comparison unit 9, and additional information can be generated and output to match the recorded content of the closed system distributed ledger, thereby eliminating and canceling the false information. By adopting such a configuration, the non-fungible token record management system of the first embodiment not only improves the freedom of system design, but also has the advantage of improving safety by preventing the recording of false information. In addition, even if multiple distributed ledgers, such as a closed distributed ledger and an open distributed ledger, are associated with a single non-fungible token, users (e.g., holders of non-fungible tokens and those who receive them) will not be confused. For example, by building each system using EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine), a software environment that executes smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain, it is possible for users to use the system without being aware of the difference between a closed distributed ledger and an open distributed ledger. Since EVM is compatible with both closed and open distributed ledgers, for example, in a system that uses multiple distributed ledgers, users can use all systems with a single public address.

[0039] (Embodiment 2) Next, a description will be given of a non-fungible token record management system according to embodiment 2. In embodiment 2, components having the same names and symbols as those in embodiment 1 will have the same functions as those in embodiment 1 unless otherwise specified.

[0040] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a non-fungible token record management system according to embodiment 2. As shown in Fig. 3, the non-fungible token record management system according to embodiment 2 includes, in addition to the configuration of embodiment 1, an open system ledger information monitoring unit 16 that continuously monitors changes in the recorded contents of the open system distributed ledger, and a monitoring result notification unit 19 that outputs the monitoring result to a closed system ledger information acquisition unit 17 and an open system ledger information acquisition unit 18 when a change in the recorded contents is detected.

[0041] The open ledger information monitoring unit 16 is for continuously monitoring changes in the recorded contents of the open distributed ledger associated with the non-fungible token generated by the token generating unit 1. In the second embodiment, the open ledger information monitoring unit 16 has a function of continuously monitoring the presence or absence of changes in the recorded contents of the open distributed ledger, regardless of the presence or absence of information output by the second information output unit 13. By newly providing the open ledger information monitoring unit 16, the presence or absence of irregular information rewriting to the open distributed ledger, that is, the addition of information other than the information output by the second information output unit 13, etc. is detected. It is desirable for the open ledger information monitoring unit 16 to monitor at all times, but it may be configured to check changes in the recorded contents of the open distributed ledger at regular time intervals.

[0042] The monitoring result notification unit 19 notifies the closed system ledger information acquisition unit 17 and the open system ledger information acquisition unit 18 of the monitoring result of the open system ledger information monitoring unit 16. Specifically, when the open system ledger information monitoring unit 16 detects that a change has occurred in the recorded contents of the open system distributed ledger, the monitoring result notification unit 19 notifies the closed system ledger information acquisition unit 17 and the like of that fact. The closed system ledger information acquisition unit 17 and the open system ledger information acquisition unit 18, which have received the notification from the monitoring result notification unit 19, perform processing to acquire the closed system ledger information and the open system ledger information, which are information recorded in the closed system distributed ledger and the open system distributed ledger, respectively, and output the acquired information to the ledger information comparison unit 9. The ledger information comparison unit 9 performs a comparison processing based on the input information, and the additional information generation unit 10 generates additional information based on the comparison result obtained by the ledger information comparison unit 9 so that the recorded contents of the open system distributed ledger in which a change has occurred match the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger. As in embodiment 1, the generated additional information is generated by the second transaction generation unit 11 and the second electronic signature generation unit 12 and is output from the second information output unit 13 to the open system distributed ledger, and as a result, the recorded contents of the open system distributed ledger are amended to match the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger.

[0043] Next, advantages of the non-fungible token record management system according to the second embodiment will be described. The non-fungible token record management system according to the second embodiment includes an open ledger information monitoring unit 16 that continuously monitors changes in the recorded contents of the open distributed ledger. By adopting such a configuration, the non-fungible token record management system according to the second embodiment has the advantage that even if false information based on malice is recorded because an unspecified number of people can be involved, the fact can be quickly grasped, and additional information can be generated so that the recorded contents are correct, thereby realizing a more highly secure system.

[0044] In addition, even when a first transaction based on the object information is output to the closed system distributed ledger, updating the contents of the closed system distributed ledger, and additional information corresponding to the updated contents is generated and output to the open system distributed ledger in response, the open system ledger information monitoring unit 16 determines whether or not a change has occurred in the contents recorded in the open system distributed ledger (in this case, it is appropriate for a change to occur), and if a change has occurred, the closed system ledger information acquisition unit 17 and the open system ledger information acquisition unit 18 acquire the recorded contents of each distributed ledger, and the ledger information comparison unit 9 determines whether they are different. This makes it possible to determine whether appropriate additional information corresponding to the contents of the object information for the closed distributed ledger has been generated and output (for example, if appropriate additional information has been generated, the ledger information comparison unit 9 will determine that there is no difference). In the unlikely event that there is an error in the additional information, new additional information that resolves the error so that it matches the contents of the closed distributed ledger can be created and output, thereby improving the accuracy of the contents of the open distributed ledger.

[0045] (Embodiment 3) Next, a description will be given of a non-fungible token record management system according to embodiment 3. In embodiment 3, components with the same names and reference numerals as those in embodiments 1 and 2 basically have the same functions as those in embodiments 1 and 2.

[0046] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a non-fungible token record management system according to embodiment 3. As shown in Fig. 4, the non-fungible token record management system according to embodiment 3 includes, in addition to the configuration of embodiment 1, a generation process recording unit 21 that records the process contents from the generation to the output of information for a closed system distributed ledger, a closed system ledger information monitoring unit 22 that continuously monitors changes in the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger, and a generation process verification unit 23 that verifies the process from the generation to the output of information corresponding to the change in the recorded contents when a change in the recorded contents is detected.

[0047] The generation process recording unit 21 is for recording the generation and output process of the first transaction and the first electronic signature to be output to the closed system distributed ledger associated with the non-fungible token generated by the token generating unit 1. Specifically, the generation process recording unit 21 has a function of recording the contents of, for example, a specific process at the time of generating the object information in the object information generating unit 24, a verification process of the object information in the information verifying unit 3, a specific process at the time of generating the first transaction in the first transaction generating unit 4, and a specific process at the time of generating the first electronic signature in the first electronic signature generating unit 5. The contents recorded in the generation process recording unit 21 may be only a part of the above-mentioned contents, or may be unique processing contents corresponding to unique constraints different from those of the open system distributed ledger, for example, items and contents of information to be recorded in the ledger and procedures for generating information.

[0048] The closed system ledger information monitoring unit 22 is for continuously monitoring changes in the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger associated with the non-fungible token generated by the token generation unit 1. In this embodiment 3, the closed system ledger information monitoring unit 22 has a function of continuously monitoring whether there is a change in the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger, regardless of whether information is output by the first information output unit 6. It is desirable for the closed system ledger information monitoring unit 22 to monitor at all times, but it may also be configured to check whether there is a change in the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger at regular time intervals.

[0049] The generation process verification unit 23 is for verifying whether the information generation and output process of the changed part has been performed in accordance with a predetermined standard when the closed ledger information monitoring unit 22 detects that a change has occurred in the recorded content of the closed distributed ledger. Specifically, the generation process verification unit 23 extracts the content of the information generation and output process corresponding to the changed part of the recorded content from the generation process recording unit 21, and verifies whether the information generation and output process content complies with a predetermined processing standard, satisfies requirements such as qualifications, and complies with standards that are predetermined in the system including the closed distributed ledger. In addition, the generation process verification unit 23 may perform verification based not only on the information extracted from the generation process recording unit 21, but also on other information such as public information. When the generation process verification unit 23 determines that the information generation protocol has not been complied with as a result of the verification process (for example, the transferee does not meet the predetermined qualification requirements (age 20 or over, etc.)), it instructs the object information generation unit 24 to generate object information with contents that cancel out the changed part. The object information generating unit 24 generates new object information based on the instruction, and the first transaction generating unit 4 and the first electronic signature generating unit 5 generate a first transaction and a first electronic signature based on the object information, which are output by the first information output unit 6, causing the recorded content of the closed system distributed ledger to change to one in which the change is eliminated or cancelled. If the change is also reflected in the recorded content of the open system distributed ledger, the information acquisition unit 17 and the open system ledger information acquisition unit 18 detect the fact that the change is reflected, and the additional information generating unit 10 generates additional information that eliminates or cancels the change, the second transaction generating unit 11 and the second electronic signature generating unit 12 generate a second transaction and a second electronic signature, and the second information output unit 13 outputs this information to the open system distributed ledger, causing the recorded content of the open system distributed ledger to change to one in which the change is eliminated or cancelled.

[0050] Next, advantages of the non-fungible token record management system according to the third embodiment will be described. The non-fungible token record management system according to the third embodiment includes a closed-system ledger information monitoring unit 22 that continuously monitors changes in the recorded contents of the closed-system distributed ledger, and a generation processing verification unit 23 that verifies whether the information generation and output related to the change has been generated and output according to a standard when it is determined that a change in the recorded contents has occurred. Unlike the case of an open-system distributed ledger, in which the correctness of the recorded contents can be determined based on the recorded contents of the closed-system distributed ledger, it is not easy to determine whether a change in the recorded contents is a proper content change or an improper content change caused by unauthorized access or the like, even if a change occurs in the recorded contents of the closed-system distributed ledger. Therefore, in the third embodiment, when a change in the recorded contents of the closed-system distributed ledger is found, it is determined whether the information generation and output process related to the changed part has been performed according to a standard, and if it is determined that the change has not been performed according to the standard, new object information is generated to resolve or cancel the changed part as being improper, and the recorded contents of the closed-system distributed ledger are corrected. By adopting such a configuration, the non-fungible token record management system of the third embodiment can accurately detect cases where the record contents are changed due to unauthorized access from outside, as well as cases where fraud is committed by certain individuals who have access to the closed distributed ledger, and has the advantage of being able to quickly resolve inappropriate states and maintain the record contents of the closed distributed ledger in an appropriate state, thereby realizing a safer system. [Industrial Applicability]

[0051] The present invention can be used as a technology for managing the recorded contents in a distributed ledger associated with non-fungible tokens. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] 1 Token generation section 2, 24 Object information generation unit 3. Information Verification Department 4. First Transaction Generation Part 5 1st electronic signature generation section 6. First information output unit 7, 17 Closed System Register Information Acquisition Department 8, 18 Open ledger information acquisition unit 9. Ledger Information Comparison Section 10 Additional information generation section 11 Second transaction generation unit 12 Second electronic signature generation section 13 Second information output unit 14 Private key storage 16 Open ledger information monitoring department 19 Monitoring result notification section 21 Generation and processing record section 22 Closed System Register Information Monitoring Department 23 Generation process verification unit

Claims

1. A non-fungible token record management system for managing records of a distributed ledger having a correspondence relationship with a non-fungible token associated with a specific object, comprising: An object information generating means for generating object information which is information about an object associated with a non-fungible token; A first information output means for outputting the object information generated by the object information generation means to a closed system distributed ledger that has a correspondence relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which only a predetermined specific person can be involved in a recording process; An additional information generating means for generating additional information, which is information output to an open system distributed ledger that has a correspondence relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which unspecified people can participate in the recording process, and which matches the recorded content of the open system distributed ledger with the recorded content of the closed system distributed ledger including the object information output by the first information output means; A second information output means for outputting the additional information generated by the additional information generation means to the open distributed ledger; A non-fungible token record management system comprising:

2. A closed system ledger information acquisition means for acquiring closed system ledger information which is information of all or a part of the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger including the object information output by the first information output means; An open ledger information acquisition means for acquiring open ledger information which is all or a part of the recorded contents of the open distributed ledger and is information in a range corresponding to the closed ledger information; an information comparison means for comparing the contents of the closed system ledger information acquired by the closed system ledger information acquisition means with the contents of the open system ledger information acquired by the open system ledger information acquisition means; Further equipped with The non-fungible token record management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that when the information comparison means determines that the open system ledger information has a deficient portion compared to the closed system ledger information, the additional information generation means generates information corresponding to the deficient portion as the additional information, and when the information comparison means determines that the open system ledger information has a surplus portion compared to the closed system ledger information, the additional information generates information that eliminates or cancels the surplus portion.

3. Further comprising an open ledger information monitoring means for continuously monitoring changes in the recorded contents of the open distributed ledger, The open system ledger information acquisition means and the closed system ledger information acquisition means acquire the open system ledger information and the closed system ledger information, respectively, when the open system ledger information monitoring means detects a change in the record content of the open system distributed ledger, The information comparison means compares the acquired open system ledger information and the acquired closed system ledger information, The non-fungible token record management system according to claim 2, characterized in that when the information comparison means determines that the contents of the open system ledger information and the closed system ledger information differ, the additional information generation means further generates the additional information so that the recorded contents of the open system distributed ledger match the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger.

4. A non-fungible token record management method executed by a non-fungible token record management system that manages record contents of a distributed ledger having a correspondence relationship with a non-fungible token associated with a specific object, An object information generating step of generating object information which is information about an object associated with a non-fungible token; a first information output step of outputting the object information generated in the object information generation step to a closed system distributed ledger that has a correspondence relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which only a predetermined specific person can be involved in a recording process; an additional information generating step of generating additional information, which is information output to an open system distributed ledger that has a correspondence relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which unspecified people can participate in a recording process, and which matches the recorded content of the open system distributed ledger with the recorded content of the closed system distributed ledger including the object information output by the first information output step; A second information output step of outputting the additional information generated in the additional information generation step to the open distributed ledger; A method for managing a record of a non-fungible token, comprising:

5. a closed system ledger information acquisition step of acquiring closed system ledger information which is information of all or a part of the recorded contents of the closed system distributed ledger including the object information output by the first information output step; An open system ledger information acquisition step of acquiring open system ledger information which is all or a part of the recorded contents of the open system distributed ledger and is information in a range corresponding to the closed system ledger information; an information comparison step of comparing the content of the closed system ledger information acquired in the closed system ledger information acquisition step with the content of the open system ledger information acquired in the open system ledger information acquisition step; Further comprising: A non-fungible token recording and management method as described in claim 4, characterized in that in the additional information generation step, when the information comparison step determines that the open system ledger information has a deficient portion compared to the closed system ledger information, information corresponding to the deficient portion is generated as the additional information, and when the information comparison step determines that the open system ledger information has a surplus portion compared to the closed system ledger information, information that eliminates or cancels the surplus portion is generated as the additional information.

6. A non-fungible token record management program that causes a computer to manage record contents of a distributed ledger having a correspondence relationship with a non-fungible token associated with a specific object, The computer is An object information generation function that generates object information that is information about an object associated with a non-fungible token; A first information output function that outputs the object information generated by the object information generation function to a closed system distributed ledger that has a correspondence relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which only a predetermined specific person can be involved in a recording process; An additional information generation function that generates additional information, which is information that is output to an open system distributed ledger that has a correspondence relationship with the non-fungible token and is a distributed ledger in which unspecified people can be involved in the recording process, and is information that matches the recorded content of the open system distributed ledger with the recorded content of the closed system distributed ledger including the object information output by the first information output function; A second information output function that outputs the additional information generated by the additional information generation function to the open distributed ledger; A non-fungible token record management program that executes the above.

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