Foaming product dispensing system, valve member, and product container

Abstract

A foaming product dispensing system, the system comprising: a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container; and a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation in the product dispensing machine, the product container containing a foaming product, preferably a food product, for example, a creamer, the product container comprising a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the product processing unit being connectable to a gas source for supplying gas to the product, the system comprising a hermetically sealable wall structure enclosing a container-receiving space for receiving the product container, the wall structure including a product outlet port closeable (and sealable) by an insulating closure member.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and a system for dispensing a product, for example a milk product, milk, foam, cream or aerated dessert or a different product. [Background technology]

[0002] Such systems are known in practice in different variations. For example, it is known to contain spray cream in an aerosol sprayer, which can be operated manually to spray the cream. See, for example, European Patent Application EP 1 061 006A1. Spray creams are very convenient to use, but are usually of poorer quality than whipped cream. Spray creams may be less stable than whipped cream, and the initial consistency of spray cream is usually less than that of whipped cream, and furthermore decreases much more rapidly over time than the consistency of whipped cream. One of the causes of this is the absence of a stabilizing network of fat in spray cream. When making whipped cream, during whipping, a network of linked together (interconnected) fat globules (also called partial coalescence) is formed, which contributes to the stability of the foam. Creams used for spray creams are usually made less sensitive to particulate coalescence so that particle coalescence does not occur before spraying by shaking the aerosol sprayer and / or temperature fluctuations (which lead to clogging of the aerosol sprayer). Another cause of poorer stability of spray creams is the use of nitric oxide, for example, to whip the cream. The use of nitric oxide is often desirable because of its high solubility in creams and sufficient gas can be stored in the can if the pressure inside the can is within acceptable limits. Here, the gas dissolved in the product is released upon spraying, resulting in a foam with a high air content. The high solubility of nitric oxide also allows the gas to diffuse relatively quickly out of the foaming product, leading to a reduced stability.

[0003] A second drawback of the known spray creams is that the quality of the spray cream is not constant during spraying (which involves successive dosings from a closed disposable container). The gas content of the initially sprayed cream may be higher than the gas content of the final sprayed cream. This is due to a decrease in the pressure of the nitric oxide during spraying.

[0004] Automatic whipped cream machines as such are known in practice and comprise static or dynamic mixers for whipping the cream. The advantage of whipped cream over spray cream lies in the different quality of the product (less aeration, higher consistency and better retention of consistency over time). However, in general, known whipped cream machines require a longer time (compared to spray cream systems) to prepare the foamed product, are less user-friendly (at least more difficult to operate) and are relatively less hygienic and therefore require frequent cleaning.

[0005] One aspect of the present invention relates specifically to methods and systems for dispensing foamed products.

[0006] Dutch patent NL1024433 describes a method for obtaining monodisperse foams, where first a relatively coarse prefoam is produced, which is then forced through a membrane.Dutch patent NL1024438 describes a different method, where different steam beams are delivered into the product, for example via a membrane-like beam splitter.

[0007] PCT / NL2009 / 050097 (WO2009 / 110794) discloses an innovative product dispensing system, which is adapted to carry out a method in which a gas is supplied to a product through a microfiltration device, and the product downstream of the microfiltration device is subjected to a mixing treatment and / or a controlled reduced pressure. This known system is characterized in that it comprises a holder with the product to be dispensed and a product discharge means for discharging the product coming from the holder, the product discharge means comprising a microfiltration device connectable to a liquid source for supplying gas to the product during the product discharge, the product discharge means further comprising a processing device arranged downstream of said microfiltration device for carrying out a mixing treatment and / or a reduced pressure treatment on the product provided with gas. The corresponding operating device may comprise a cavity sealable by a cover, in which the holder can be removably placed. Preferably, the cavity is hermetically sealable from the surroundings by a cover in order to form a pressure chamber from the cavity. For example, when the holder is empty, it can be removed from the operating device and, for example, discarded or recycled. A new (complete) holder can then be put into position for cooperation with the operating device in order to continue dispensing the product.Furthermore, according to one aspect, it is advantageous to provide within the pressure chamber of the holder a flexible bag containing the product to be dispensed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] European Patent Application Publication No. 1061006 [Patent Document 2] Dutch Patent Invention No. 1024433 [Patent Document 3] Dutch Patent Invention No. 1024438 [Patent Document 4] International Publication No. 2009 / 110794 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] In particular, the present invention aims to provide an improved product dispensing system that efficiently and hygienically dispenses foaming products in a reliable and user-friendly manner. In particular, the present invention aims to provide a system and method that allows for quick installation and optional removal / replacement of a product holder (e.g., when substantially all the product held by the holder has been whipped by the system and the holder is substantially empty) in a well-controlled and preferably hygienic manner. It also aims to provide reliable means for enabling operation and accurate process control. It is a further aim to provide a system having replaceable product containers that can be produced in a relatively economical manner and still provide reliable and hygienic operation.

[0010] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a product dispensing system that can be highly reliable, providing relatively consistent product quality under a variety of conditions (e.g., changes in ambient temperature and / or ambient humidity and / or dispensing location) over a relatively long period of operation.

[0011] The present invention also aims to provide a system that can be implemented in multiple locations and that can efficiently transport relatively large quantities of (whisked) product to end user locations in an economical manner.

[0012] One or more of these objects are achieved by means of the features of any of the independent claims. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] A first aspect of the invention, which may be combined with one or more other aspects of the invention, provides a foamed product dispensing system, comprising a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container and a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation in the machine, the product container containing a foamable product, preferably a food product, e.g., cream, the product container comprising a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a gas source for supplying gas to the product, the system comprising a hermetically sealable wall structure surrounding a container receiving space for receiving the container, the wall structure including a product outlet port that is closable (and e.g., sealable) by a thermally insulating closure member.

[0014] Such an arrangement may provide improved protection against contact, e.g., ingress, of ambient air, which may be relatively warm and / or humid compared to the (desired state of) the container-receiving space. Hygiene-undesirable situations, such as a product not being sufficiently cooled and / or humid air contacting an undispensed product, may thus be better prevented. Also, the system, and in particular its cooling subsystem, may thus be more energy efficient.

[0015] It will be appreciated that such a replaceable product container can be realized in a variety of ways, at least some of which will be explained in more detail in the present description. For example, the product container may comprise a replaceable flexible bag and / or the product container may comprise a replaceable pressure chamber or capsule, or the product container may be fixed in the dispensing machine. A combination of these options is also possible. For example, a replaceable capsule may have a replaceable flexible bag provided therein, which can be replaced from the replaceable capsule.

[0016] Product containers or parts thereof may or may not be suitable for reuse (if not suitable for reuse, this may be related to the disposability of such containers, e.g., the container is part of the product packaging in which the product is shipped). For example, such capsules may or may not be suitable for reuse, and such flexible bags may or may not be suitable for reuse.

[0017] The replaceable capsule or pressure chamber can for example be realised in the form of a plastic (eg PET) container (eg a bottle) containing the product, without a flexible bag therein.

[0018] It will also be understood that the presence of a replaceable product container does not preclude the presence of another non-replaceable product container. For example, the pressure chamber or capsule may be non-replaceable, i.e., substantially fixed within (and thus, for example, part of) the dispensing machine. The capsule is configured to hold a replaceable product container (e.g., comprising a flexible bag).

[0019] The closure member may be movable between a first position and a second position, in the first position the insulating closure member provides a passage for the flow of the foamed product from the product outlet port and in the second position the insulating closure member closes the product outlet port, the closure member preferably including a product dispensing passage located opposite the product outlet port when the closure member is in the first position and in the second position of the closure member the product dispensing passage is located a short distance away from the product outlet port compared to the first position.

[0020] Such a configuration allows for the ability to dispense product (in the first position) and also provides increased insulation when product is not being dispensed, thus further reducing exposure to ambient air when product is not being dispensed.

[0021] In particular, when the product outlet port is closed by an insulating closure member, a seal can be provided between the wall structure and the closure member.

[0022] Such a seal can provide additional insulation from and / or protection against environmental air.

[0023] The closure member is manually removable from the product dispensing machine and thereafter manually replaceable therein, and preferably the closure member is provided with a handling structure for manually handling the closure member during removal thereof from the product dispensing machine.

[0024] Such removability and replaceability may make it easier for a user to clean and / or replace the closure member, improving hygiene.

[0025] The product dispensing machine may be configured to automatically open and close the product outlet port using the closure member, especially after manual replacement of the closure member.

[0026] In this way, ease of use and hygiene may be improved, especially through automation.

[0027] The product dispensing machine may be configured to detect the replaced closure member, for example using a corresponding sensor, and preferably the closure member includes a corresponding detectable portion (e.g., a magnet) configured to be detected (e.g., by a sensor) by the product dispensing machine.

[0028] Such an arrangement allows the machine to respond immediately to the closure member being replaced, e.g. by (re)engaging said closure member and / or providing feedback to the user regarding the (proper or improper) replacement of the closure member.

[0029] The closure member may be provided with a drip retention structure for receiving and retaining drips of product emerging from the product outlet port at least when the product outlet port is closed by the closure member, preferably the drip retention structure is at least partially positioned below and / or above the product outlet port when the product outlet port is closed by the closure member.

[0030] Such drip retention structures can help prevent product drips from being able to reach parts or areas that may be difficult to clean and / or may be poorly or uncooled, thus improving hygiene.

[0031] The product dispensing machine may comprise a closure member actuator for actuating the closure member.

[0032] In this manner, the closure member may be machine actuated, and in particular moved between a number of positions.

[0033] The closure member actuator may be configured to engage and disengage with the closure member, and preferably the system comprises a blocking element for blocking movement of the closure member at its predetermined position, e.g., to disengage the closure member from the closure member actuator.

[0034] Such an arrangement allows for the (mechanical) control of the closure member to be effectively transferred back and forth between the machine and the machine operator (user) by engaging with the closure member (allowing the machine to control the closure member) and disengaging from the closure member (allowing the machine to release control of the closure member, which in turn allows the user to control the closure member).

[0035] The closure member actuator may be configured to magnetically engage the closure member, preferably the closure member comprises a magnetically engageable element, e.g. a magnet, configured to be engaged by the closure member actuator.

[0036] Such a magnetic arrangement has been found to provide excellent engageability and disengageability as well as excellent actuation of the closure member by the machine.

[0037] The closure member actuator may comprise a substantially linearly movable actuator member configured to engage the closure member such that the closure member can be suitably moved by the actuator within a relatively small space.

[0038] A second aspect of the invention, which may be combined with one or more other aspects of the invention, provides a foamed product dispensing system, comprising a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container and a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation in the machine, the product container containing a foamable product, preferably a food product, for example a cream, the product container comprising a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a gas source for supplying gas to the product, the product processing unit comprising a product feed-through channel upstream of the whipping device, which is closable by a valve member, the product processing unit comprising a fluid feed-through channel upstream of the whipping device, said valve member being adapted to connect to said fluid feed-through channel upstream of the whipping device, said fluid feed-through channel being adapted to connect to said fluid feed-through channel upstream of the whipping device, said valve member being adapted to connect to said fluid feed-through channel upstream of the product processing unit. - configured to provide fluid communication between the channel and a fluid supply source of the dispensing machine, comprising at least one, preferably two and more preferably all of: a distally disposed first seal structure in the valve member, preferably at an interface between the valve member and a corresponding valve seat, configured to provide a first sealed closure blocking the product feed-through channel when the product feed-through channel is closed by the valve member; and / or a second seal structure configured to provide a second sealed closure at a location away from the distal end of the valve member and between the distal and proximal sections of the valve member; and / or a third seal structure disposed at or near the proximal section of the valve member.

[0039] One or more such sealing structures may improve the performance of the valve member and / or the product processing unit by reducing fluid leakage in the valve member, particularly in one or more areas of mechanical contact between the valve member and a corresponding valve seat of the product processing unit.

[0040] At least one of the seal structures may be a compressible seal structure.

[0041] Such compressibility can allow for good sealing performance while also allowing for movement of the valve member.

[0042] At least one of the seal structures can be configured to increase a corresponding seal pressure under the influence of an increase in fluid pressure in a region extending along the valve member and the corresponding valve seat toward the product feedthrough channel.

[0043] In this way, sealing performance can be significantly improved as required in response to increasing fluid pressure, whilst providing (greater) mobility of the valve member, particularly when said fluid pressure increases less or does not increase significantly.

[0044] At least one of the seal structures may be a resiliently compressible structure projecting laterally relative to a central axis of the valve member, the compressible structure being compressed by a corresponding seal receiving structure dimensioned to compress the seal structure more when the valve member is in the open condition than when the valve member is in the closed condition.

[0045] Such an arrangement allows the seal structure to be compressed more when the valve member is in an open state compared to a closed state, where the closed state may be a default (more common) state and the open state may be a (more) critical state in terms of the sealing performance of the seal structure, and thus may prevent or at least reduce degradation of the sealing performance over time due to, among other things, creep of the seal material.

[0046] The receiving formation preferably forms part of the valve seat of the valve member.

[0047] Preferably, the receiving structure comprises a substantially frusto-conical structure providing at least two different diameters of the receiving structure, preferably a smaller of the at least two different diameters corresponding to a position of the sealing structure when the valve member is in an open state and preferably a larger of the at least two different diameters corresponding to a position of the sealing structure when the valve member is in a closed state, preferably a major axis of the substantially frusto-conical structure substantially coincides with a central axis of the valve member.

[0048] At least one of the seal formations may in particular comprise a lip seal formation for forming a lip seal between the valve member and, for example, a valve seat.

[0049] Such lip seals provide a tighter seal in response to increased fluid pressure at the seal.

[0050] The present disclosure also provides a valve member for a product container of the foamed product dispensing system described above, the valve member being configured to provide fluid communication between a fluid feed-through channel of a product processing unit of the container and a fluid source of the dispensing machine, the valve member preferably comprising a first, second and / or third seal structure.

[0051] The present disclosure also provides a product container for the foaming product dispensing system described above. The product container comprises a valve member as described above.

[0052] A third aspect of the invention, which may be combined with one or more other aspects of the invention, provides a foamed product dispensing system, such as the system according to any of the above-mentioned aspects, comprising a product dispensing machine configured to receive an exchangeable product container and a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation in the machine, the product container containing a foamable product, preferably a food product, such as a cream, the product container comprising a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a gas source for supplying gas to the product, the product dispensing machine configured to pressurize the installed product container to at least two (mutually different) operating pressures for supplying the product to the processing unit, the dispensing machine preferably comprising a user-operable controller for selecting a desired container operating pressure, and more preferably, the gas source configured to provide a predetermined gas flow rate during operation that is substantially independent of the set product container operating pressure.

[0053] In this manner, by selecting a higher operating pressure, the dispensed product can have a higher product to air ratio, i.e., more product can be dispensed relative to the amount of air in the dispensed product. The product to air ratio can be related to the consistency of the dispensed foamed product. Thus, for example, a user can correct for product overage.

[0054] A fourth aspect of the invention, which may be combined with one or more other aspects of the invention, provides a foamed product dispensing system, such as the system according to any of the above-mentioned aspects, comprising a product dispensing machine configured to receive an exchangeable product container and a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation in the machine, the product container containing a foamable product, preferably a food product, such as a cream, the product container comprising a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a gas source for supplying gas to the product, the gas source being a choke-flow gas source including a gas restriction for achieving a choke-flow during operation, the flow constriction being located at a (movable) fluid injector connector of the product dispensing machine, in particular at a distal part of the fluid injector, and at one of the product processing unit.

[0055] In this way, the dead volume of gas between the flow constriction and (part of) the whisking device can be reduced, which allows for a more rapid build-up of fluid pressure in the whisking device, e.g. before and after the start of product dispensing.

[0056] The gas source may be configured to provide a gas buffer volume upstream of the flow constriction, in particular to provide a pressurized gas buffer, the gas buffer volume being specifically located between the gas pressurizing pump of the system and the flow constriction, and preferably the minimum volume of the buffer volume is 0.5 liters.

[0057] Such a gas buffer volume can provide a more rapid initial pressurization at the flow constriction.

[0058] The gas source may include a condensate block disposed upstream of the flow constriction and configured to cool and / or dry gas within the gas source, the condensate block including a drain valve for draining condensate from the condensate block, the drain valve being fluidly connected to a product container and / or a receiving space of the machine, the receiving space being configured to receive the product container.

[0059] In this way, air can be diverted from the product vessel, through the condensate block, and out the drain valve to atmosphere.

[0060] A fifth aspect of the invention, which may be combined with one or more other aspects of the invention, provides a foaming product dispensing system, such as the system according to any of the above-mentioned aspects, comprising a product dispensing machine configured to receive an exchangeable product container and a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine to be pressurized after installation in the machine, the product container containing a foaming product, preferably a food product, such as a cream, the product container comprising a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid supply source for providing gas to the product, the system further comprising an exchangeable capsule configured to exchangeably receive the product container, the machine configured to exchangeably receive the capsule containing the product container, the capsule configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine to be pressurized, the product dispensing machine configured to enable pressurization of the capsule depending on the position and / or orientation of the capsule relative to the machine.

[0061] Such an arrangement may help to prevent the capsule from being pressurized (or such pressurization attempts being made) when the capsule is not desirably, and specifically, not safely, positioned and / or oriented relative to the machine, thus better avoiding usage problems such as accidents due to unsafe pressurization.

[0062] The product dispensing machine may include a retaining member that is movable from a release position to a retaining position depending on the position and / or orientation of the capsule relative to the machine, in which the capsule is releasable from the machine and in which the capsule is retained within the machine.

[0063] Such a retaining member may facilitate proper placement of the capsule by providing a user with hints as to the proper location and / or orientation of the capsule.

[0064] The product dispensing machine may include a door that is movable from an open position to a closed position when the retaining member is in its retaining position, and in its released position the retaining member substantially blocks movement of the door from the open position to the closed position, and preferably the machine is configured to detect when the door is in the closed position.

[0065] Thus, the door may be substantially unable to close when the retaining member is in its retaining position, which may be due to improper placement of the capsule. The machine's detection that the door is closed, and thus the pressurization of the capsule by the machine, may at least indirectly be a prerequisite for proper placement of the capsule in the machine.

[0066] The capsule may comprise a handle configured to cooperate with the holding member such that the holding member can be brought into its holding position depending on the position and / or orientation of the capsule relative to the machine.

[0067] It has been determined that such an arrangement can be both easy to use and robust.

[0068] According to another aspect, which may be optionally combined with one or more other aspects, there is provided a foaming product dispensing system, comprising: - a product dispensing machine configured to receive an exchangeable product container and, for example, to pressurize the product container; - a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation within the machine; a product container containing a foamable product, the product container being equipped with a Product Processing Unit (CPU) including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid (particularly gas) supply source for providing gas to the product (preferably during product discharge), the product processing unit preferably comprising a processing device arranged downstream of said whipping device for performing a mixing process and / or a decompression process on the product provided with gas, The product processing unit includes a product feed-through channel upstream of the whipping device, which is closable by a valve member; A product processing unit (CPU) includes a fluid feed-through channel upstream of the whisking device, and the valve member is configured to provide fluid communication between the fluid feed-through channel of the product processing unit and a fluid source of the dispensing machine.

[0069] In this way, a particularly user-friendly system can be provided and a high-quality foamed product can be dispensed in a reliable and hygienic manner. Moreover, the system can be of compact, robust and economical design. In particular, the valve member of the CPU for controlling the product flow to the microfiltration device (being part of the product container) is configured to also provide a fluid source (connection), thus allowing a compact configuration and a reliable construction. In particular, the installation of the product container in the product dispensing machine can bring the valve member of the CPU into cooperation with a corresponding component of the machine, in particular a valve member actuator of the machine. This coupling can also automatically connect to a fluid source. After such installation, the valve member is able to control both the product flow and the fluid flow (depending on the control state of the corresponding machine). For example, after installation of the container (the valve member of the CPU is connected or in communication with the actuator component of the machine), the system can be advantageously configured such that the product is not dispensed when dispensing is not desired and / or is not controlled by the corresponding operating device of the system. Also, by implementing a replaceable product container (integrally including the product processing unit), hygienic use can be provided, avoiding hygiene issues caused by parts of the product dispensing machine itself coming into contact with the product. The product container and its CPU are preferably substantially recyclable.

[0070] According to a further embodiment, the dispensing machine includes a valve actuator configured to cooperate with a valve member of an installed product container to move the valve member between a product feed-through state and a product flow block state.

[0071] Additionally, the valve member preferably includes a fluid passageway arranged to connect to a fluid injector of the dispensing machine when the product container is in an operative position within the machine. In this manner, the valve member itself may define or include at least a portion of the fluid connection from the dispensing machine to the CPU via the internal fluid passageway.

[0072] More reliable operation can be achieved if the valve member is at least rotatable between the product feed-through condition and the product flow blocking condition.

[0073] According to a preferred embodiment, the fluid passageway of the valve member is coincident or parallel to the axis of rotation of the valve member.

[0074] In this manner, the machine's fluid injectors can be coupled relatively simply with the valve member, providing both a physical coupling and a good fluid flow connection.

[0075] Good foamed product dispensing results have been achieved when the dispensing machine is configured to supply dry or dried fluid to the fluid feed-through channels of the product processing units of the installed product containers.

[0076] According to a further embodiment, the dispensing machine is configured to supply air to a fluid feed-through channel of a product processing unit of an installed product container, whereby the dispensing machine preferably includes an air dryer for removing water from the air, thereby improving the product dispensing result.

[0077] Advantageously, the dispensing machine is designed to cool said holder (H), preferably so that the temperature of the product in said holder is lower than 10° C., in particular lower than 5° C. For example, said air dryer may be embedded in or form part of the cooling system of the dispensing machine, in which various functions are combined.

[0078] According to further embodiments, the product container can be, for example, a substantially cylindrical or bucket-shaped capsule configured to be pressurized to a pressure of at least about 2 bar. For example, the outer wall of the container (or "capsule") can be made of steel, aluminum, or rigid plastic (e.g., fiber-reinforced plastic), or a combination of such materials.

[0079] According to a non-limiting but preferred embodiment, the length of the capsule may be in the range of about 20-40 cm, and the outer diameter of the capsule is in the range of about 10-30 cm.

[0080] Also preferably, the capsule contains at least 4 liters or at least 4 kg of product before initial use, thus providing a relatively large amount of product available for a relatively long period of operation (before the container needs to be replaced with a new one).

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the product dispensing machine includes a container receiving space for receiving a product container. The product container is replaceable from the corresponding product receiving space, and the direction of container installation (into said space) is preferably substantially horizontal. This is particularly advantageous when installing (and replacing) relatively heavy containers. The dispensing machine preferably includes a container guide for guiding the container into and out of the container receiving space (along said installation direction).

[0082] According to a further embodiment, the product processing unit extends through an outer wall of the holder, in particular being spaced apart from the upper and lower walls of the holder.

[0083] Preferably, the holder defines an interior space that contains a flexible bag filled with the foamable product to be dispensed. For example, the holder may include a fluid inlet for receiving fluid from the product dispensing machine, specifically from a corresponding fluid outlet that connects to the fluid inlet after installation of the holder in the machine, to pressurize the interior space of the holder.

[0084] Preferably, the foaming device comprises a microfiltration wall (eg a tubular wall) having gas-permeable pores that separates a gas supply space associated with the fluid supply source from a foaming channel associated with the product inlet.

[0085] For example, good results are achieved with a foam channel length, measured in the product flow direction, of up to 10 cm.

[0086] The length may be up to 5 cm, more specifically within the range of about 0.5 to 5 cm, for example, about 2 cm or about 3 cm.

[0087] Preferably, the foaming device comprises a filtration wall having gas-permeable pores with a pore size in the range of 0.1 to 10 microns, specifically at least 0.1 microns to less than 2 microns, more specifically at least 0.2 microns to less than 1.5 microns. It will be understood that pore sizes other than those described are possible within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, in a non-limiting embodiment, the pore size may be substantially in the range of 5 to 10 microns. Also, a variety of different pore sizes and / or pore size ranges may be present in any single filtration wall.

[0088] For example, a frothing device may comprise a housing with a product inlet for a supply of product, a gas inlet for a supply of gas, and an outlet for the discharge of the product provided with gas, the gas inlet terminating in a gas-receiving space separated from the product inlet and outlet by a microfiltration wall.

[0089] According to a preferred embodiment, the product dispensing machine is equipped with or connectable to a gas source for supplying gas under superatmospheric pressure to the foaming device of the processing unit.

[0090] The product dispensing machine also preferably comprises a control unit, which is preferably user operable via a user interface or an operating device of the machine. The control unit is configured for controlling the fluid flow and the product flow to the processing unit. The control unit is preferably configured to start the fluid flow before the product flow when starting the product discharge (thereby preventing clogging of the whipping device).

[0091] According to a preferred embodiment, the product processing unit is especially designed to introduce gas bubbles into the product in order to form a homogeneous foam.

[0092] According to a preferred embodiment, said fluid is a gas or a gas mixture (eg nitrogen or air).

[0093] According to a preferred embodiment, the product in the holder is a food product, for example a cream.

[0094] Moreover, according to additional advantageous aspects, the product processing unit may include an airtight, adjustable seal configured to hermetically seal a product flow path between the product processing unit and the product container prior to initial use, e.g., before the container is used (e.g., pressurized) for the first time in the machine, and to provide a passage for the flow of product from the product container to the whipping device during use of the product container, e.g., upon a particular pressurization of the seal.

[0095] The adjustable airtight seal can be embodied in various ways, for example by a valve member, a spring-loaded one-way valve or a return valve, by a cuttable or tearable sealing member that automatically cuts or bursts at a predefined (control / opening) pressure, or by a sealing cap that moves from a sealed position to a flow path-opening position under the influence of a predefined control pressure. It is preferred, but not essential, that the airtight adjustable seal is located upstream of the whipping unit.

[0096] The adjustable seal may be adjustable from an airtight product flow closed condition to a product flow open condition, for example, under the influence of a release pressure in a pressurized product container, the release pressure being superatmospheric.

[0097] Additionally, according to one embodiment, the walls of the product container may include flexible and / or elastic portions, allowing the interior volume of the container to change or increase.

[0098] Further, an aspect of the present invention provides a foaming product dispensing system, such as a system according to the above aspect, comprising: - a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container; - a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation within the machine; the product container contains an effervescent product; the product container is provided with a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product from the container and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid supply for providing gas to the product during product discharge, the product processing unit further comprising a processing device arranged downstream of said whipping device for applying a mixing and / or a decompression treatment to the gassed product, the product container being, for example, a substantially cylindrical or bucket-shaped capsule configured to be pressurized to a pressure of at least 2 bar; The length of the capsule is in the range of about 20 to 40 cm, and the outer diameter of the capsule is in the range of about 10 to 30 cm. The product dispensing machine includes a container receiving space for receiving a product container, the product container being exchangeable from the corresponding product receiving space, and the orientation of the container placement is preferably substantially horizontal.

[0099] In this way, a user-friendly and easy to install foam product dispensing system can be provided. Because the capsules are relatively large, a relatively large amount of product can be loaded into the dispensing machine during initial use. Also, handling of the container can be accomplished by one person. As mentioned above, to assist the user, the dispensing machine preferably includes container guides for guiding the container (along the installation direction mentioned above) into and out of the container receiving space.

[0100] According to another aspect of the present invention, which may be optionally combined with any of the above aspects, there is provided a foam product dispensing system, comprising: - a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container; - a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation within the machine; wherein the product container contains a foamable product, preferably a food product, e.g. a cream, the product container being provided with a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a gas source for supplying gas to the product; The system is configured such that the gas supply provides a choke-flow gas supply.

[0101] In this way, a constant gas flow rate to the whipping device can be achieved during operation, particularly substantially independent of any changes that the whipping device may experience during a particular period of operation. For example, if the whipping device includes small holes for injecting gas into the product, applying a choke-flow gas source can inhibit clogging of the holes and / or result in normal and reliable functioning of the whipping device in the event of clogging of the holes.

[0102] Further provided is a product container, obviously adapted to be part of a system according to the invention, the product container containing a foamable product, the product container being provided with a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid supply source for providing gas to the product during product discharge, the product processing unit being further provided with a processing device arranged downstream of said whipping device for applying a mixing and / or a decompression treatment to the gas-provided product, The product processing unit includes a product feed-through channel upstream of the whipping device, which is closable by a valve member; The product processing unit includes a fluid feed-through channel upstream of the whisking device, and the valve member is configured to provide fluid communication between the fluid feed-through channel of the product processing unit and a fluid source of the dispensing machine.

[0103] Thus, the above mentioned advantages can also be achieved. In a preferred embodiment, the container is configured to provide a pressure vessel, the walls of the container being made, for example, of steel or another rigid material suitable for providing such a pressure vessel.

[0104] Additionally, one aspect of the present invention provides an innovative method for dispensing a foaming product, the method comprising: - receiving an exchangeable product container in the product dispensing machine, the product container containing a foamable product, preferably a food product, e.g. a cream, the product container being provided with a whipping device and a product feed-through channel that can be closed by a valve member; - discharging the product from the product container; - moving the valve member from a product flow blocking state to a product feedthrough state; - supplying gas, e.g. nitrogen gas or air, preferably dry air, preferably at superatmospheric pressure (e.g. before and / or during product discharge) to the product through the fluid passages of the valve member and through a foaming device to introduce gas bubbles into the product, in particular to form a homogeneous foam; Optionally, reducing the pressure of the gassed product; and Includes.

[0105] In this manner, a valve member is used to control product flow and also to provide gas, allowing for a compact, hygienic and reliable method of product dispensing (and foaming).

[0106] According to another aspect of the present invention, which may be optionally combined with any of the above aspects, there is provided a foam product dispensing system, comprising: - a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container; - a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation within the machine; wherein the product container contains a foamable product, preferably a food product, e.g. a cream, the product container being provided with a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid supply for supplying gas to the product; The product dispensing machine includes a container receiving space for receiving a product container, the product container being replaceable from the corresponding product receiving space, and the orientation of the container placement is preferably substantially horizontal; The dispensing machine is preferably configured to cool the product container after installation in the container receiving space so that the temperature of the product in the container contained in the product processing unit is lower than 10°C, in particular lower than 5°C.

[0107] Preferably, the dispensing machine includes at least one cooling duct containing a cooling fluid, the cooling duct preferably surrounding at least a portion of the container receiving space, for example extending along a spiral path around the container receiving space.

[0108] Preferably, the container receiving space is defined by a wall structure surrounding said space, the wall structure preferably including a closable foamed product passageway below the processing unit of the installed product container, and preferably including or being provided with the above-mentioned cooling duct.

[0109] According to a preferred embodiment, the system comprises a closure member for closing the closable product passage in a wall structure of the container receiving space, the closure member being configured in particular to limit heat transfer between the environment of the system on the one hand and the container receiving space on the other hand, The closure member is preferably movable towards an open position by an actuator to allow discharge of the foamed product through a product passage in the wall structure of the container receiving space.

[0110] A further advantage of the closure is that it may also limit water vapor flow into the container receiving space, which is particularly advantageous when the system is used in a relatively humid environment (e.g., in the tropics).

[0111] According to another aspect of the present invention, which may be optionally combined with any of the above aspects, there is provided a foam product dispensing system, comprising: a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container; - a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation within the machine; the product container having a product-holding space containing a foaming product, e.g., a food product, e.g., a creamer; The product container is provided with a product processing unit including a foaming device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid source for providing gas to the product; The product processing unit includes an airtight seal configured to hermetically seal a product flow pathway between the product processing unit and the product holding space of the product container prior to initial use of the product container, and to provide a passage for the flow of product from the product container to the whipping device during use of the product container.

[0112] Preferably, the airtight seal is located adjacent to, at, or within a product discharge opening of the product-retaining space of the container, and preferably, the airtight seal is adjustable from a flow-blocking state to a product-flow-opening state under the influence of a release pressure upstream of the seal, e.g., pressure within the product-retaining space of the product container, the release pressure being superatmospheric pressure.

[0113] Additionally, preferably the walls of the product container include flexible and / or resilient portions, allowing the interior volume of the container to change or increase.

[0114] According to another aspect of the present invention, which may be optionally combined with any of the above aspects, there is provided a foam product dispensing system, comprising: - a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container; - a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after placement within a pressurized chamber of the machine; wherein the product container contains a foamable product, preferably a food product, e.g. a cream, the product container being provided with a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid supply for supplying gas to the product; The pressurized chamber is defined by a wall structure that includes a CPU receiving port for receiving a product processing unit and for sealingly engaging an outer surface of the product processing unit, the product processing unit protruding from the port, among other things, toward the product discharge area.

[0115] Preferably, the airtight engagement between the exterior surface of the product processing unit and the CPU receiving port is configured to withstand the pressurization of the pressurized chamber.

[0116] Also preferably, the engagement of the product processing unit with the CPU receiving port of the machine is releasable, in particular to allow replacement of the product container.

[0117] The system is preferably configured to provide feedback to a user regarding engagement of the product processing unit with the receiving port, and the CPU receiving port and the product processing unit are preferably configured to jointly generate an audible and / or tactile feedback signal (e.g., a click) upon such engagement.

[0118] According to another aspect of the present invention, which may be optionally combined with any of the above aspects, there is provided a foam product dispensing system, comprising: - a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container; - a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation within the machine; wherein the product container contains a foamable product, preferably a food product, e.g. a cream, the product container being provided with a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid supply for supplying gas to the product; The product processing unit includes an airtight seal cap configured to seal a product discharge area downstream of the product processing unit from the environment, the downstream area including a product discharge nozzle of the system.

[0119] According to another aspect of the present invention, which may be optionally combined with any of the above aspects, there is provided a foam product dispensing system, comprising: - a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container; - a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation within the machine; the product container comprises an effervescent product; Preferably, the product container contains a food product, e.g. cream, and the product container is equipped with a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid supply for supplying gas to the product; In use, the product processing unit extends outside of a pressurized volume of the system, the boundary of the pressurized volume including a CPU opening for replaceably receiving the product processing unit; The system includes a wall structure, the wall structure including a CPU receiving port for receiving a product processing unit; a shape of the product processing unit configured to substantially mate with a shape of the CPU receiving port to position the product processing unit relative to the wall structure; The shape of the product processing unit and the corresponding shape of the CPU receiving port are preferably rotationally asymmetric about an axis that substantially corresponds to the orientation of receiving the processing unit within the port.

[0120] Preferably, at least one of the shape of the product processing unit and the shape of the CPU opening is tapered.

[0121] According to another aspect of the present invention, which may be optionally combined with any of the above aspects, there is provided a foam product dispensing system, comprising: - a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container; - a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine such that it is pressurized after installation in the machine; wherein the product container contains a foamable product, preferably a food product, e.g. a cream, the product container being provided with a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid supply for supplying gas to the product; The system further includes a replaceable capsule configured to replaceably receive the product container, and the machine is configured to replaceably receive the capsule containing the product container.

[0122] In a preferred embodiment, the capsule is configured to cooperate with a product dispensing machine so as to be pressurized.

[0123] Further, the capsule preferably comprises a removable lid for providing access to the interior space of the capsule for replacing the product container, the lid preferably being configured to cooperate with the remainder of the capsule to form an airtight connection therebetween when the lid is in the assembled closed position.

[0124] The product container preferably comprises a flexible bag containing the product. Also, preferably, the capsule is a hard capsule. The capsule can have a variety of shapes, such as (but not limited to) cylindrical and / or bucket-shaped.

[0125] According to another aspect of the invention, which may optionally be combined with any of the above aspects, there is provided a product container explicitly adapted to be part of a system according to the invention, the product container containing a foamable product, the product container comprising a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid supply source for providing gas to the product, the product processing unit preferably comprising a processing device arranged downstream of said whipping device for applying a mixing treatment and / or a decompression treatment to the gas-provided product.

[0126] According to a further embodiment, the foaming device has at least one microfiltration wall comprising a hydrophobic and / or oleophobic material, for example PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and / or hexafluoropropylene.

[0127] According to a further embodiment, the product processing unit includes an airtight seal configured to hermetically seal a product flow path between the product processing unit and the product holding space of the product container prior to initial use of the product container, and to provide a passage for the flow of product from the product container to the whipping device during use of the product container.

[0128] According to a further embodiment, the product processing unit is configured to cooperate with a receiving port in a wall structure of the pressurized chamber for an airtight mutual engagement.

[0129] According to a further embodiment, the product processing unit comprises an airtight sealing cap configured to seal a product discharge area downstream of the product processing unit from the environment, the downstream area including a product discharge nozzle of the container.

[0130] According to a further embodiment, the container includes a wall structure, the wall structure including a CPU receiving port for receiving a product processing unit, the shape of the product processing unit configured to substantially mate with the shape of the CPU receiving port to position the product processing unit relative to the wall structure of the container.

[0131] According to a further embodiment, the product container comprises a flexible bag containing the product, the flexible bag being at least partially flexible such that the interior volume of the bag can be altered.

[0132] According to another aspect of the present invention, which may be optionally combined with any of the above aspects, there is provided a foam product dispensing system, comprising: - a product dispensing machine configured to receive a replaceable product container; - a product container configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine after installation within the machine; wherein the product container contains a foamable product, preferably a food product, e.g. a cream, the product container being provided with a product processing unit including a whipping device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid supply for supplying gas to the product; The foaming device comprises a microfiltration wall (e.g., a tubular wall) having gas-permeable pores that separates a gas supply space associated with the fluid supply from a foaming channel associated with the product inlet; The microfiltration walls include a hydrophobic and / or oleophobic material, such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and / or hexafluoropropylene.

[0133] For example, the microfiltration wall can be made of or contain a certain amount of hydrophobic material. Additionally or alternatively, the microfiltration wall can include a coating that includes or consists of a hydrophobic and / or oleophobic material. For example, such coatings can be applied in various ways, such as one or more of plasma coating, vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, dip coating, and the like. Furthermore, a product container is provided that is clearly configured to be part of a system according to any of the above aspects of the invention. The product container contains a foamable product, the product container comprises a product processing unit including a foaming device having a product inlet for receiving the product and a product outlet for discharging the product, the processing unit being connectable to a fluid source for supplying gas to the product during product discharge, The foaming device comprises a microfiltration wall (e.g., a tubular wall) having gas-permeable pores that separates a gas supply space associated with the fluid supply from a foaming channel associated with the product inlet; The microfiltration wall is configured to prevent clogging of the microfiltration wall; The microfiltration walls include a hydrophobic and / or oleophobic material, such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and / or hexafluoropropylene.

[0134] It has been determined that in this way a more reliable and durable operation of the system can be achieved, and the application of hydrophobic and / or oleophobic materials can reduce the likelihood of clogging of the pores of the microfiltration wall.

[0135] According to another aspect of the invention, which may be optionally combined with any of the above aspects, there is provided a method of manufacturing a hermetically sealed product container containing a sterilized foamable product, the product container comprising a sterilized whipping device, a sterilized valve member having a fluid passageway, a sterilized and sealed fluid inlet for connection to a gas source after unsealing, and a sterilized and sealed exhaust channel for exhausting the foamable product after unsealing, the method comprising: - providing a product container containing a foamable product, the product container being airtightly connected to an assembly including a foaming device, a valve member having a fluid passage, a fluid inlet for connecting to a gas supply, and a discharge channel for discharging the foamable product; - providing removable airtight seals in the fluid inlet and in the exhaust channel to airtightly seal said fluid inlet and said exhaust channel from ambient air; - sterilizing, e.g., irradiating and / or heating, the product container comprising the foamable product, the assembly, and the seal; Includes. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0136] [Figure 1] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating a perspective view of an exemplary foaming product dispensing system according to one example of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a product container of the system of FIG. 1. [Figure 3A] 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a portion of the system of FIG. 1 during unloading / loading of a product container. [Figure 3B] FIG. 3B is a diagram similar to FIG. 3A, but showing further components of the system. [Figure 3C] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary foam product dispensing system according to one embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a partially opened, upside-down perspective view of the CPU of the product container of the system of FIGS. 1-3, with the microfiltration element shown exploded from two respective foaming chambers. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a first vertical cross section of the CPU shown in FIG. 4 taken along the centerline of the two foaming chambers. [Figure 6] 5 is a perspective view of a second vertical section of the CPU shown in FIG. 4 taken parallel to the section of FIG. 5 along the product outlet channel mouth. [Figure 7] 7 is a perspective view of a third vertical section of the CPU shown in FIG. 4 taken perpendicular to the sections of FIGS. 5 and 6, coinciding with the central axis of the valve. FIG. [Figure 8] It is a longitudinal sectional view of the valve section of the CPU in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 7, where the valve is in the closed state. [Figure 8a] It is a sectional view of the valve section of the CPU according to a further embodiment, where the valve is in the closed state. [Figure 8b] It is a view similar to FIG. 8a, where the valve is in the open state. [Figure 8c] It is a sectional view of the valve section of the CPU according to a further embodiment, where the valve is in the closed state. [Figure 8d] It is a view similar to FIG. 8c, where the valve is in the open state. [Figure 8e] It is a perspective sectional view of the seal element of the valve member according to a further embodiment. [Figure 8f] It is a perspective view of the seal element of FIG. 8e. [Figure 9] It is a sectional view similar to FIG. 8, showing the product dispensing machine moving the valve to the open state. [Figure 10] It is a view of the flow path of the system of FIGS. 1 to 9. [Figure 11a] It is a schematic view of different CPU valve member states. [Figure 11b] It is a schematic view of different CPU valve member states. [Figure 11c] It is a schematic view of different CPU valve member states. [Figure 11d] It is a schematic view of different CPU valve member states. [Figure 12] It is a sectional view of a further embodiment of the CPU, including sealing means. [Figure 13] It is an exploded perspective view of the components of the CPU including the valve member. [Figure 14A] It is an exploded view of the components of the CPU shown in FIG. 13. [Figure 14B] It is a view of the assembled state of the CPU components. [Figure 15a] It is a perspective view of the CPU shown in FIG. 12 from two different viewing directions. [Figure 15b]13A and 13B are perspective views of the CPU shown in FIG. 12 from two different viewing directions. [Figure 15c] FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of the seal of the CPU of FIG. 12 in more detail. [Figure 16a] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the product and fluid flow paths within the CPU. [Figure 16b] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the product and fluid flow paths within the CPU. [Figure 16c] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the product and fluid flow paths within the CPU. [Figure 17] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for pressurizing the product container and supplying fluid to the CPU. [Figure 18a] 1A-1C are schematic diagrams illustrating top-down cross-sectional views of a CPU shape and corresponding mating shapes of a CPU receiving port. [Figure 18b] 18b is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVIII-XVIII of FIG. 18a. [Figure 19a] 3B of a further embodiment of a container receiving space with a cooling channel and a movable closure member, in which the closure member and the corresponding actuator are shown in different positions in the different views. [Figure 19b] 3B of a further embodiment of a container receiving space with a cooling channel and a movable closure member, in which the closure member and the corresponding actuator are shown in different positions in the different views. [Figure 19c] 3B of a further embodiment of a container receiving space with a cooling channel and a movable closure member, in which the closure member and the corresponding actuator are shown in different positions in the different views. [Figure 19d] 3B of a further embodiment of a closure member and a corresponding actuator, the closure member and the actuator being shown in different positions in the different views; [Figure 19e]3B of a further embodiment of a closure member and a corresponding actuator, the closure member and the actuator being shown in different positions in the different views; [Figure 19f] 3B of a further embodiment of a closure member and a corresponding actuator, the closure member and the actuator being shown in different positions in the different views; [Figure 20a] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the CPU and the CPU retention latch. [Figure 20b] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the CPU and the CPU retention latch. [Figure 20c] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the CPU and the CPU retention latch. [Figure 21] 11 is a cross-sectional view of a sealing means for a CPU in accordance with an additional advantageous embodiment; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0137] Non-limiting examples of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0138] In the present application, corresponding functions or similar features are indicated by corresponding or similar reference signs.

[0139] 1-21 show non-limiting examples of systems for dispensing a foaming product.

[0140] As shown in FIG. 1, in an exemplary embodiment, the foaming product dispensing system includes a product dispensing machine B including a housing B1. For example, the housing B1 (i.e., its exterior wall) can include an opening B2. The opening B2 provides access to a platform B3. The opening B2 and platform B3 are configured to receive a container R for receiving the foaming product, e.g., a cup or glass. Preferably, the opening / access is closable by a movable door D1 (shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3B).

[0141] The exemplary system further includes a replaceable product container H with a product processing unit CPU (see FIG. 2). The CPU can be located in several positions. In the present advantageous example, the product processing unit CPU projects radially outward from the container. In particular, it extends through the outer wall of the holder H and is in particular spaced apart from the upper wall TW and the lower wall BW of the holder H. Moreover, as can be seen from the drawing, in this embodiment the CPU is located near the top of the product container H.

[0142] The product container H may be, for example, a substantially cylindrical or bucket-shaped capsule having a rigid (for example, metal or steel or rigid plastic) outer wall, configured to be pressurized to a pressure of at least 2 bar. The preferred length L of the capsule (measured in this example between the upper wall TW and the lower wall BW) is in the range of about 20-40 cm, and the outer diameter X of the capsule (i.e. the diameter of the cylindrical wall extending between the upper and lower parts) is in the range of about 10-30 cm. Also, the capsule H preferably contains at least 4 liters or at least 4 kg of product before initial use. The maximum weight of the capsule H (when initially filled) may be, for example, 20 kg or 25 kg. Alternatively, the capsule H contains less than 4 liters of product, for example less than 2 liters, for example less than about 1.5 liters.

[0143] Furthermore, as can be seen in the drawings, the capsule / container H preferably includes a gripping element, e.g. a handle HV, that allows a user to easily pick up and hold the capsule. In this example, the gripping element protrudes from a top wall TW of the container H. The top wall faces forward, towards the front of the dispensing machine, after the container H has been placed in the machine.

[0144] As shown in Fig. 3A, the dispensing machine B preferably includes a container receiving space Hs (e.g. defined by or located within a corresponding wall structure 121) for receiving a container H. The dispensing machine preferably includes a container guide G (shown in dashed lines) for guiding the container H into and out of the container receiving space Hs of the machine (along the installation direction indicated by arrow a71). Preferably, the container receiving space within the housing B1 of the machine can be sealed or closed from the environment of the housing, in particular to improve temperature control of the product container after loading. For example, the housing B1 and / or the aforementioned wall structure 121 may include a movable cover D2, e.g. a door, for controlling access to the container receiving space Hs.

[0145] As indicated by arrow a71, the container H is preferably horizontally removable from the container receiving space Hs, for example to replace an emptied container with a full one. The container guide G described above can stably move the container H into the machine towards its final position and assist the operator in removing the used container.

[0146] The machine may be configured such that, by placing a container H in the container receiving space Hs, one or more connectors of machine B are connected to the respective connectors of container H. For example, by placing the container, the pressurized fluid output connector FO of machine B may be automatically connected to the liquid input connector Hi of container H (to pressurize the interior of the container). As a further example, such placement may connect a fluid injector connector FIc of machine B to a fluid injector socket FIs of the product processing unit CPU of container H, as described in more detail below.

[0147] Removal of container H from machine B may decouple one or more connectors of machine B from the respective connectors of container H. Machine B and / or container H may include means for securing container H within container-receiving space Hs to prevent accidental and / or unauthorized removal of container H from container-receiving space Hs, as will be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0148] The container H, and in particular its product holding space (inner space, reservoir), can be filled with various types of products.

[0149] The product in particular comprises a food product, e.g. a product safe for human consumption. The product comprises, for example, one or more of milk, cream, spray cream, cappuccino milk, or dessert (e.g. a mousse-forming product), or juice. The product may comprise, for example, a milk product, e.g. a cream. According to alternative embodiments, the foamable product comprises, for example, a conditioner and / or a cosmetic product, and / or a cleaner, and / or, for example, a body care product, a hair care agent, etc.

[0150] According to an advantageous elaboration, the product P in the container H is a homogeneously foaming product, in particular a food product, milk, cream, cappuccino milk, spray cream, (fruit) juice / drink, alcoholic drink or beverage base (e.g. beer or wine), dairy drink or dairy-based drink (e.g. whey drink or permeate-based drink), (milk) shake, chocolate drink, (beverage) yoghurt, sauce, ice cream or dessert, juice, more particularly a milk product. The product P may for example be a cream. The product P may optionally contain for example a propellant or foaming agent (for example in an at least partially dissolved state in the product), in particular a propellant consisting of one or more of air, N2, N2O and / or CO2. Such a propellant or foaming agent is safe in particular with regard to food technology. The propellant or foaming agent may for example maintain the interior space 4 at a certain superatmospheric pressure. Preferably, the product P does not contain a foaming agent.

[0151] In FIG. 3B, an example of a container H is shown in more detail, containing a quantity of product P held in a flexible bag FB within the container H. During operation of the machine B, the container H is pressurized by the dispensing machine by gas (e.g., air) sent by the machine through the fluid input Hi (as indicated by arrow a21), pressurizing the interior of the container H to superatmospheric pressure. As a result, pressure is created in the flexible product bag FB, as indicated by arrow a22. The pressure (possibly in combination with gravity) causes the product P to flow (as indicated by arrow a23) from the flexible bag FB into the downstream product processing unit CPU. That is, when a valve or seal of the product processing unit CPU is in an operational state providing a product flow connection to a corresponding product processing space (described below), the foamed product is discharged (as indicated by arrow a25) via a corresponding outlet.

[0152] The flexible bag FB itself can have a variety of configurations and shapes. For example, the bag can be made of one or more flexible layers of one or more plastics or plastic materials, and / or one or more flexible layers of paper or paper materials, and / or one or more flexible layers of metal or metal materials (e.g., aluminum). The flexible bag can be entirely flexible, but this is not required. For example, it can include one or more foldable bag sides that can fold inward during product discharge. In particular, the flexible bag FB is configured to allow the volume of the bag to decrease during product discharge from the bag FB.

[0153] In a further embodiment, the product processing unit CPU and the flexible bag FB are integrally joined to each other (in an assembly). For example, the top wall or top section of the product processing unit CPU can be made in one piece or can be welded or glued to the flexible bag or otherwise joined to the bag FB. The assembly of the product processing unit CPU and the bag FB is removably held by the outer part SW (shell) of the container H. For example, with reference to FIG. 2, the top wall TW of the container can be a removable cover that can hermetically seal (gas-tight) the interior of the container H when the cover wall TW is in the closed position shown (e.g., located on top of the side wall SW). The top wall TW can be removed from the remaining container parts SW, allowing access to the flexible bag FB located in the container H. Then, preferably, the flexible bag FB and its processing unit CPU can be removed from the container (e.g., after use, e.g., when the bag is empty) and replaced with a new product containing flexible bag and the corresponding processing unit CPU. After the new filled flexible bag FB and CPU are correctly positioned in the container shell, the top wall TW can be reattached to hermetically seal the container again (allowing the container interior and the corresponding flexible bag FB to be pressurized). In this embodiment, specifically, the exterior SW of the container H can function as a bag positioning structure to mount and hold the flexible bag (and its CPU) in a desired operating position in the machine B. The container shell (i.e., the container's outer wall SW) itself can be made of a rigid material. A single container shell SW can be used to subsequently operate with a large number of replaceable flexible bag-CPU assemblies. This also leads to advantages regarding transportation and storage, since a relatively large number of flexible product container bags FB can be transported and / or stored in a relatively small transportation-to-storage space (whereas transportation of a large number of rigid outer container shells may require more space).

[0154] In one embodiment, the container H, which contains a flexible bag FB (as in the example above), with the outer walls TW, SW of the container H acting as a bag pressurization chamber, is entirely removable from the machine B.

[0155] In an alternative embodiment, only the flexible bag-CPU-assembly can be removed from the machine B, for example when the container H is opened by removing the lid / cover wall TW, leaving the outer part SW of the container in the machine B during the bag exchange. In such an embodiment, the flexible bag-CPU-assembly itself can be called an "exchangeable product container" that is placed in the pressurized chamber of the machine B. In yet another embodiment of the invention, the product container itself can have a completely or at least partially flexible outer wall. The product container is placed in a dedicated pressurized chamber of the machine B during operation.

[0156] FIG. 3B further illustrates machine B including an optional air dryer AD for supplying dry air, for example dry ambient air.

[0157] The air dryer AD may be integrated into or form part of a cooling system CS of the machine B (e.g. a cooling system CS configured to also cool the product container H). In operation, dry air is preferably received from the air dryer AD by a fluid injector FI configured to supply dry air into the product processing unit CPU via a fluid injector connector FIc (indicated by arrow a24).

[0158] According to a highly advantageous embodiment, the fluid injector connector FIc is preferably integrated with or forms part of a valve actuator VA (see FIG. 3B) of the dispensing machine. The valve actuator VA is configured to actuate a valve member 50 (see FIGS. 7 to 10) of the product processing unit CPU by actuation (e.g. rotary actuation) of the fluid injector connector FIc. The corresponding valve actuator can be configured in various ways and may include a servo motor, an electric motor, an electromagnetic actuator or other actuation means.

[0159] With further reference to Fig. 3B (see also Fig. 10), the product processing unit CPU is configured to mix the product P and the dry air as they are fed to the product processing unit CPU, resulting in the discharge of a foamed product from the product processing unit CPU, as indicated by the arrow a25. The product discharge channel of the CPU may terminate, for example, via a product forming nozzle NZ, having, for example, an array of product forming teeth or the like (known per se). In use, a container R, for example a glass or cup, may be replaceably placed near (for example below) the product processing unit CPU - on a corresponding platform B3 - to receive the discharged foamed product.

[0160] The machine B may comprise a control unit CU configured for controlling the fluid flow and the product flow to the processing unit CPU, for example by controlling the activation and deactivation of fluid flow means (e.g. pumps, servos, motors, etc.). Furthermore, the control unit CU may be configured for controlling the position of the CPU valve member 50 via a corresponding valve actuator VA. Preferably, when starting the product discharge, the control unit is configured to start the fluid flow before the product flow. The control unit is preferably at least partly operable by a user via a user interface or operating device (not shown) of the machine B, for example via a touch display, a control knob, a switch, etc.

[0161] FIG. 3C shows a perspective view of an exemplary foaming product dispensing system according to one embodiment that can be combined with one or more of the other embodiments. In FIG. 3C, a product dispensing machine B is shown in a housing B1, which is, for example, a front door D2 that is rotatable about an axis X1 between an open position (shown) and a closed position. In the closed position, the door D2 may substantially form the front of the dispensing machine B. The door D2 may, for example, provide an element of the user interface of the machine B. In FIG. 3C, the door D2 is shown in an open position, exposing the top wall TW of an exchangeable capsule SW (see FIG. 2). The top wall TW includes a handle HV for handling the top wall TW and / or the capsule SW. Such a capsule SW is preferably configured to exchangeably receive a product container FB therein and to be pressurized by the machine B, thus pressurizing the inserted product container FB.

[0162] The top wall TW (e.g., lid) and / or the capsule SW preferably comprises a plurality of (e.g., six) closure members, e.g., respective closure members, e.g., bayonet closure members. In this way, a user may be enabled to open and close the top wall TW relative to the capsule SW. In particular, it may be enabled to close such that a substantially pressure-resistant seal is formed between the top wall TW and the capsule SW. For example, to close the top wall TW, a user may rotate the top wall TW relative to the capsule, e.g., by about 15 degrees, substantially about the axis X3, thereby engaging said mutual closure members relative to each other.

[0163] Product dispensing machine B is preferably configured to allow pressurization of capsule SW depending on the position and / or orientation of capsule SW relative to machine B. Machine B preferably prevents capsule SW from being pressurized while having an undesirable (e.g., unsafe) position and / or orientation relative to machine B.

[0164] Such an unsafe position and / or orientation of the capsule SW (e.g., upper wall TW) may result, for example, from an incomplete rotation by the user of the upper wall TW relative to the capsule SW, e.g., incomplete with respect to the 15 degree target rotation, as described above.

[0165] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3C, this position and / or orientation dependent enablement of pressurization is achieved by a combination of features described below, although it will be understood that alternative embodiments may lack one or more of these features.

[0166] FIG. 3C shows that the machine B includes a holding member RB. The holding member RB can be moved from a release position (shown in FIG. 3C) to a holding position (not shown), in particular by rotating the holding member RB around the axis X2 in the direction of the arrow aRB. In the holding position, the holding member can be substantially aligned with the handle HV of (the upper wall TW of) the capsule SW. FIG. 3C shows that the capsule SW and its upper wall TW are in a proper and desired operating position. In the system shown in FIG. 3C, if the capsule SW, in particular the handle HV, is incorrectly, i.e. improperly installed (e.g., in a position and / or orientation), the holding member RB is blocked (in particular by the handle HV) from being in its holding position, at least completely. For example, compared to the position and orientation shown in FIG. 3C, the capsule SW (including the handle HV) is translated along the X3 axis and / or rotated around the X3 axis into an undesired position and / or orientation, which results in at least a partial blocking of the holding member RB as described above. With continued reference to FIG. 3C, it will be appreciated that in this scenario, the capsule SW may translate out of machine B along the X3 axis, but may not translate further into machine B, e.g., due to the corresponding configuration (e.g., sizing) of machine B.

[0167] 3C shows the retaining member RB substantially in the form of a retaining bar RB, it will be appreciated that many alternative shapes are possible. As one such alternative (not shown), the retaining member RB may be formed as or as part of a door, for example a front door similar to door D2.

[0168] As shown in Fig. 3C, when the holding member RB is not in the holding position, e.g., when in the release position, the holding member RB may substantially block the door D2 from moving to its closed position. The machine B is preferably configured to detect that the door D2 is in the closed position and to enable pressurization of the capsule SW only when the door D2 is detected to be in the closed position. In this way, for example, the machine B may be configured to enable pressurization of the capsule SW depending on the position and / or orientation relative to the machine B, in particular a desired and / or safe position and orientation.

[0169] Thus, referring to Fig. 3C, for example, starting from the operating state of the system, the following steps can be performed to exchange the capsule SW by the machine B while helping to prevent unsafe pressurization of the capsule: the user opens the door D2 (rotating the door D2 around the X1 axis) to expose the holding member RB; the user moves the holding member RB from its holding position to its release position (around the axis X2, in the opposite direction to the arrow aRB in Fig. 3C); using the handle HV thus exposed, the user translates (and possibly rotates) the capsule SW relative to the machine B, in particular along (and possibly around) the axis X3; using the handle HV, the user opens the capsule SW to allow the exchange of the product container FB (e.g. replacing an empty container with a full one). The capsule SW is then closed again; the user replaces the capsule SW in the machine B; the user returns the holding member RB to its holding position; the user closes the door D2; the machine B detects that the door is closed; the machine starts pressurizing the capsule SW in response to the detection. It will be appreciated that machine B may advantageously be configured to perform further checks before initiating pressurization, whereby pressurization may not necessarily (just directly) be initiated in response to the above detection. For example, machine B may be configured to check a measured cleaning time interval of the closure member 123. As another example, initiation of pressurization may be (further) conditioned on detecting that the current pressure of the capsule SW is below a corresponding target pressure.

[0170] It will therefore be apparent that in the alternative case where the capsule SW is not properly installed, the machine will not continue to attempt to pressurise the capsule SW as door D2 cannot be closed.

[0171] It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, for example, only the upper wall TW of the capsule SW may be removable from (or at least openable relative to) the machine B, while other parts of the capsule SW may be substantially fixed to the machine B.

[0172] Figures 4 to 9 show in more detail the product processing unit CPU of the system (see also Figures 12 to 14A, 14B). The CPU is part of the aforementioned product container H and is connected to the interior of the flexible bag to receive the product therefrom (as in Figure 3B). Figure 10 shows the CPU more diagrammatically, also showing the product and fluid (gas) flows during product discharge.

[0173] The unit CPU is configured to receive a flow of product P into a product feedthrough channel PFC, as indicated by arrow a23. The product feedthrough channel PFC is preferably closable by a valve member 50. Figure 8 shows the valve member 50 in a closed state blocking flow through the product feedthrough channel PFC. Figure 9 shows the optional valve member 50 in an open position. The valve member 50 is not shown in Figures 4 to 7.

[0174] The processing unit CPU is further configured to receive a fluid, e.g. dry air, from a fluid injector FI via a fluid injector connector FIc into the fluid feed-through channel FFC. Advantageously, the valve member 50 includes a fluid injector socket FIs for connecting to the fluid injector connector FIc and a fluid passage 51 for providing a fluid connection between the fluid injector socket FIs and the fluid feed-through channel FFC (as indicated by arrow a31). In this example, the fluid passage 51 is a bore or through hole extending laterally through the valve member 50 (it may comprise one or more such fluid passages 51, if required).

[0175] 4 to 7 show (in an upside-down, partially open perspective view) a product processing unit CPU with a foaming device 15, for example a microfiltration device 15. The housing 15h of the microfiltration device 15 may be an integral part of the CPU and may comprise a product inlet 15i connected to a product feed-through channel PFC downstream of the valve member 50 and a gas inlet 8 connected to a fluid feed-through channel FFC downstream of the fluid passage 51. The microfiltration device 15 further comprises at least one filtering wall 15a (two in this example), for example a tubular wall, with gas-permeable pores, which separates the corresponding gas supply space 15d associated with the gas inlet 8 from the foaming channel 15b. Preferably, the length of the foaming channel 15b, measured in the product flow direction, is about 2 cm or 3 cm. Preferably, the pore size of the gas-permeable pores of the filtering wall 15a is between 0.2 and 1.5 microns.

[0176] For example, it has been observed that good results can be achieved with a pore size of about 0.2 microns. According to one embodiment, the size of the individual pores may vary within a certain range, such as from less than 0.1 microns to 20 microns or more. Alternatively or additionally, pore sizes in the range of 5 microns to 10 microns may provide excellent foaming properties.

[0177] In some embodiments, but not necessarily all embodiments, good results have been achieved when the microfiltration wall, particularly the side of the microfiltration wall facing the product, includes a hydrophobic and / or oleophobic material (e.g., PTFE and / or hexafluoropropylene) to prevent or reduce clogging of the microfiltration wall by the product entering or adhering to the pores.

[0178] In this figure, the microfiltration device 15 comprises two tubular filtration walls 15a, each providing a corresponding gas supply space 15d and foaming channel 15b in the housing 15h. The tubular filtration walls 15a are shown disassembled from the housing in FIG. 4 and are not shown in FIG. 5. Each of the tubular filtration walls 15a preferably has a proximal gas inlet (connected to a fluid feed-through channel) and is preferably closed at the distal end, as in this example. It can be seen that the CPU is designed such that the above-mentioned fluid feed-through channel FFC (as in FIG. 10) terminates in each of the tubular filtration elements 15a to supply gas (e.g. dry air) to the interior 15d of the tube 15a to mix with the product. The number and dimensions of the filtration walls 15a, the gas supply space 15d and the foaming channel 15b may be implemented according to general knowledge, depending on the material properties, the required flow rate and / or other variables.

[0179] In a preferred embodiment, the system includes a choke gas source (e.g., at and / or upstream of the fluid injector FI) for supplying gas at a substantially constant flow rate to the processing unit CPU during operation. In particular, as described below (see FIG. 17), the choke gas source may include a flow constriction 89. A relatively high gas pressure (e.g., higher than 5 bar) is applied upstream of the flow constriction. In this configuration, a constant gas flow rate (in particular mass flow rate) is obtained downstream of the flow constriction. In particular, during operation, the resulting choke flow exit velocity of the gas at the constriction 89 may be in sonic or near sonic conditions, i.e., at or near Mach number 1. By applying the choke gas source, clogging of components of the downstream frothing device (e.g., the microfiltration device described above) may be prevented or reduced, and also, if such clogging occurs, the adverse effects of such clogging may be efficiently suppressed. For example, the choke gas source may be configured to generate a resultant gas pressure in the frothing device in the range of 1.5 to 4.9 bar, preferably in the range of 2.7 to 3.8 bar. During a certain period of operation (specifically during the period of foaming and discharging a relatively large amount of product), the resultant gas pressure in the frothing device may gradually increase within the above pressure range due to, for example, an increase in resistance due to clogging of the filtering walls.

[0180] 6, 7, 10 further show a product processing unit CPU with a processing device 7 arranged downstream of the microfiltration device 15 for mixing and / or decompression of the gas-provided product. The processing device 7 is preferably configured to bring about a controlled decompression, preferably to a pressure close to or at atmospheric pressure. Preferably, the processing device 7 comprises a labyrinth-type fluid path that is long, e.g. at least about 20 cm or at least 30 cm, and / or narrow and / or curved, at least compared to the other fluid paths of the processing unit CPU, e.g. compared to at least one foaming channel 15b. Downstream of the processing device 7, the processing unit CPU includes a discharge channel / opening DC for discharging the gas-provided product, e.g. via a nozzle NZ, along the direction of the arrow a25.

[0181] The CPU includes a socket / seat SV for receiving a valve member 50. The valve member 50 itself includes a socket FIs for receiving a fluid injector / actuator member FLc (see Figures 8-9).

[0182] 8 shows that the present valve member 50 of the CPU includes fluid passages 51 and fluid injector sockets FIs. As can be seen from the drawing, the fluid passages 51 of the valve member 50 are coincident with (and in a preferred embodiment are parallel to) the axis of rotation of the valve member 50.

[0183] The valve member 50 may be held in this closed state by the machine's fluid injector connector FIc (shown in FIG. 9). In this state, flow through the product feedthrough channel PFC is blocked by the valve member 50. In particular, a sealing element s1 of the valve member 50 is configured to provide a sealed closure between the valve member 50 and its valve seat (e.g., to provide a wall of the product feedthrough channel PFC). In this embodiment, the same sealing element s1 is also configured to provide a sealed closure between the product feedthrough channel PFC and the nearby fluid feedthrough channel FFC (and remains providing this seal even when the valve member is moved to the open valve state, see FIG. 9). It will be understood that separate sealing elements may be used instead of one combined sealing element s1. Further advantageous elaborations regarding the sealing element s1 are provided elsewhere in this description. See, for example, FIGS. 8a-8f.

[0184] Preferably, the fluid feedthrough channel FFC is already open for the feedthrough of the fluid (e.g., dry air) injected by the fluid injector FIc when the valve member 50 is still in the closed position, so that the fluid flow can start before the product flow. This is indicated by the arrow a52 in FIG. 8.

[0185] In Fig. 9, the machine's fluid injector connector FIc, having a fluid supply channel FSC, is shown received in the fluid injector socket FIs of the valve member 50. The fluid injector connector FIc also engages the valve member and moves the valve member 50 from its valve seat to the open valve state. Specifically, this movement can involve both rotation and translation of the valve member (e.g., helical movement, twisting of the valve member). Note that the fluid injector connector FIc is preferably also engaged with the valve member in an initial state when holding the valve member in the closed position (Fig. 8).

[0186] When the valve member 50 is moved to its open state, the product feedthrough channel PFC opens, allowing product flow (from the container bag) towards the microfiltration device of the CPU, as shown by arrow a53.

[0187] Preferably, there is a further sealing element s2 to provide a gas-tight sealed closure between the fluid injector socket FIs (in particular the fluid passage 51) and the fluid injector connector FIc. Thus, the injector FIc can inject a fluid (e.g. dry air) through the fluid passage 51 of the valve member via the fluid supply channel FSC into the fluid feed-through channel FFC of the CPU (see arrows a51 and a52).

[0188] The valve member 50 of the CPU and the fluid injector connector (actuator element) FIc are configured to releasably engage with each other to allow valve actuation that can be achieved in various ways. For example, these elements can interact via a click or clamp connection, via a bayonet type lock, or in a different way. Preferably, a constant velocity clamp can be achieved to allow some play when installing the container in the machine.

[0189] As shown by arrow a32 in Figure 10, the valve member 50 can be moved to an open state to allow flow through the product feedthrough channel PFC. Figure 10 also shows that, as previously discussed, fluid injection (along arrow a31) is preferably possible whether the valve member 50 is in an open or closed state.

[0190] In further elaboration of the exemplary embodiment, Fig. 11a-d show schematic cross-sectional views of a valve member 50 including fluid passages 51 and fluid injector sockets FIs, a product feed-through channel PFC and a fluid feed-through channel FFC. In Fig. 11b-d, a fluid injector connector is also shown. In Fig. 11a-d, different configurations for different states of the system are shown. In Fig. 11a-d, sealing elements for providing a sealed closure between the components are shown diagrammatically as dots. A person skilled in the art will be able to apply the appropriate sealing elements according to his general knowledge depending on the relevant system variables. In the case of a sealed connection between two components, the sealing elements can be fixed to either one or both components.

[0191] In FIG. 11a, the valve member 50 is shown in a closed state, blocking flow through the product feedthrough channel PFC while providing fluid connection between the fluid injector sockets FIs and the fluid feedthrough channel through a fluid passage 51.

[0192] In Fig. 11b, the fluid injector connector FIc is shown received in the fluid injector socket FIs, for example sealed by a sealing element of the fluid injector socket FIs to provide a sealed fluid connection between the fluid injector connector FIc, in particular the fluid supply channel FSC, and the fluid feed-through channel FFC of the product processing unit CPU through a fluid passage 51 of the valve member 50, as indicated by arrow a41.

[0193] In FIG. 11c, the valve member 50 is shown, which is preferably actuated by actuating the fluid injector connector FIc by a valve actuator VA (not shown in FIG. 11). The actuation is preferably a substantially helical (torsional) actuation. The valve member 50 is configured to receive a rotational actuation force from the fluid injector connector FIc. As a result, the valve member 50 rotates about an axis of rotation and at the same time translates linearly along the axis of rotation. The axis of rotation may be substantially aligned with a central axis of the valve member 50 and with a central axis of the fluid injector connector FIc. The product processing unit CPU may be configured to enable a substantially helical movement (i.e. a combined rotational and linear movement) of the valve member 50.

[0194] That is, the valve member 50 and the product processing unit CPU can be configured such that a substantially rotational actuation of the valve member 50 results in a substantially helical motion of the valve member 50. The helical motion includes a linear motion component. Arrow a44 indicates the direction of the linear motion component. In FIG. 11 d, the valve member 50 is shown in an open state after being actuated as described above. The open state of the valve member 50 allows a flow of product P through the product feed channel PFC along the direction of arrow a43. Meanwhile, the fluid connection between the fluid supply channel FSC and the fluid feed-through channel FFC through the fluid passage 51 is maintained during actuation and is still maintained while the valve member 50 is in the open state as shown by arrow a42 in FIG. 11 d.

[0195] As previously mentioned, the valve member 50 may be substantially rotated between the open and closed states. The angle of rotation of the valve member 50 between the open and closed states may be greater than 20 degrees, and is preferably in the range of 45 to 180 degrees (e.g., 90 degrees).

[0196] It will be appreciated that the state of the valve member 50 can be changed from an open to a closed state by reversing the above procedure, including actuation in the opposite direction. Both the opening and closing procedures are preferably controlled automatically by the control unit CU of machine B, for example in response to programmed dispensing of a fixed amount of product.

[0197] Since the product valve member 50 is part of the replaceable product container, contamination of the dispensing machine itself (by the product) can be prevented. The valve actuator of the dispensing machine can simply connect to the CPU of the attached product container H to control the product flow and also inject gas (e.g. dry air) into the CPU to foam the product through a corresponding fine filtration device. Furthermore, the dispensing machine can automatically pressurize the contents / interior of the product holder after loading the container into the machine to maintain the flexible bag at a constant pressure, so that the product dispensing process can be started quickly. When the product container is empty or needs to be replaced or discarded, it can be removed from the machine and the product valve member 50 is released from the machine actuator and preferably remains in its closed valve state to prevent further possible contamination.

[0198] Moreover, by providing a microfiltration device with two tubular filtration walls 15a operating in parallel, excellent and controlled foaming of food products at a relatively high throughput can be achieved using compact means, particularly since in this way the application of relatively long tubular filtration walls can be avoided, the possibility of channel clogging is relatively low and the foaming process can be more precisely controlled.

[0199] As suggested elsewhere in this description, one or more sealing elements (i.e., "sealing structures" or "sealing members") s1 of / in the valve member 50 may be configured to provide a sealed closure between the valve member 50 and its valve seat SV (e.g., to provide a wall of the product feed-through channel PFC). The outer sealing element s1 is, for example, fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to the rigid (non-resilient) inner part 50A of the valve member 50. The same is true for the inner sealing element s2. As shown in FIG. 8e, the outer sealing element s1 and the inner sealing element s2 may be connected by one or more sealing bridges SB. By said bridges, the sealing elements s1 and s2 may be at least partially held in position relative to each other and / or to another part of the valve member 50.

[0200] As shown in Figures 8e-8f, at one or more locations of one or more fluid passages 51, the outer seal element s1 preferably provides a corresponding passage 51s through said seal element, Figure 8e showing one such passage 51s and Figure 8f showing another such passage 51s'.

[0201] For example, sealing element s1 may be configured to provide a sealed closure or separation between a product feedthrough channel PFC and a nearby fluid feedthrough channel FFC, with further advantageous elaboration in this regard being illustrated in Figures 8a-8f, as described below.

[0202] As shown, a seal structure can be provided substantially at the interface between the valve member 50 and the corresponding valve seat SV. This seal structure preferably provides at least one, preferably two, more preferably all of the first seal structure s1a, the second seal structure s1b, and the third seal structure s1c. It will be understood that one or more of the above seal structures s1a, s1b, and s1c can alternatively be provided separately (e.g., separately from each other and / or from a more general seal element s1). Several seal structures s1a, s1b, s1c can be made in one piece, i.e. integrated into a single seal element s1 that surrounds / applies on the inner portion 50A of the valve member 50.

[0203] The first seal structure s1a is disposed distally of the valve member 50 and is configured to provide a first sealed closure blocking the product feedthrough channel PFC when the valve member 50 is in a closed state (see Figures 8a and 8c). When the valve member 50 is moved to its open position (see Figures 8b and 8d), the first seal structure s1a is disengaged from the seat SV.

[0204] In Figures 8c and 8d, a portion of the seal structure s1 is depicted overlapping a portion of the valve seat SV. It will be understood that in practice, such a portion of the seal structure s1 is in particular compressed and / or deformed by the valve seat SV, as shown, for example, in Figures 8a and 8b. Thus, in practice, such a portion preferably does not overlap.

[0205] It will also be appreciated that in Figures 8a-8f, each of the illustrated first seal structure s1a, second seal structure s1b and third seal structure s1c extends substantially circularly and / or circumferentially around a major axis X50 of the valve member 50. One or more of such seal structures may be substantially ring-shaped, for example having a convex substantially annular outer surface. The seal structures are preferably concentric with one another, for example each having a centre on the major axis X50.

[0206] Figure 8a shows how the first seal structure s1a is at least partially compressed by the valve seat SV, thereby providing a first sealed closure, and Figures 8b and 8d show how the first seal structure s1a is spaced a short distance from the valve seat SV, thereby opening the product feedthrough channel PFC (and therefore not providing a sealed closure).

[0207] The second seal structure s1b is configured to be distal to the distal end of the valve member 50 and to provide a second sealed closure at a location between the distal and proximal sections of the valve member 50.

[0208] The second seal arrangement s1b may be disposed between the product feedthrough channel PFC and an area outside the product feedthrough channel PFC, at least when the product feedthrough channel PFC is not closed by the valve member 50.

[0209] The second seal structure s1b and the corresponding receiving structure SVb (see Figures 8a-8b) are movable relative to each other, in particular at least between a first relative position and a second relative position, e.g. along with the movement of the valve member 50 relative to the valve seat SV.

[0210] The second seal structure s1b and / or the above-mentioned receiving structure SVb may be dimensioned such that the second seal structure s1b is compressed more in the second relative position compared to the first relative position, in particular by the receiving structure SVb.

[0211] Said second relative position preferably corresponds in particular to an open position of the valve member 50, for example relative to the valve seat SV. In this open position, the product feed-through channel PFC is not closed by the valve member 50.

[0212] Said first relative position preferably corresponds in particular to a closed position of the valve member 50, for example relative to the valve seat SV. In this closed position the product feed-through channel PFC is closed by the valve member 50.

[0213] As shown, the receiving structure SVb may form part of the valve seat SV, or, for example, the receiving structure may form part of (and be movable along) the valve member 50, with the second seal structure s1b being connected (e.g., substantially fixedly) to the valve seat SV.

[0214] In order to achieve that the second seal structure s1b is more compressed in its second relative position compared to its first relative position, the corresponding receiving structure SVb may provide a tapered inner surface, for example by providing a substantially frustoconical structure (frustoconical seal surface) providing at least two different diameters da, db of the receiving structure SVb. In Fig. 8a-8d such diameters are shown. The difference between said diameters can be relatively small, for example compared to the average of said diameters, but still exists and functions. In the figures, the diameter da is larger than the diameter db. Fig. 8a further shows how the frustoconical structure may define an upper included angle α (for example an angle α greater than 0.5 degrees and less than 20 degrees, preferably less than 10 degrees). Furthermore, it can be seen that the main axis of the substantially frustoconical structure preferably substantially coincides with the central axis X50 of the valve member 50.

[0215] As shown, the position of the smaller diameter db of the at least two different diameters da, db preferably corresponds to the position of the seal structure s1b when the valve member 50 is in an open state (see Figures 8b, 8d). Preferably, the position of the larger diameter da of the at least two different diameters da, db corresponds to the position of the seal structure s1b when the valve member 50 is in a closed state (see Figures 8a, 8c).

[0216] Thus, when the valve member 50 is moved from its closed position (FIGS. 8a, 8c) to its open position (FIGS. 8b, 8d), this causes the seal structure s1b to be more compressed by the receiving structure SVb. Then, when the valve member 50 is moved from its open position to its closed position, this causes the seal structure s1b to be less compressed (or to be uncompressed and loosened). Since the closed position may be the default position of the valve member 50, i.e., the valve member 50 is more often in the closed position than in the open position during use, the above arrangement may help to reduce or prevent creep of the seal structure s1b, thereby improving the durability and / or reliability of the seal structure s1b in terms of its sealing performance.

[0217] It will be appreciated that the functionality of the sealing structure s1b to be less compressed in the open state compared to the closed state of the valve member can itself be achieved in various ways, for example by variations in the above-described configuration of the receiving structure SVb.

[0218] The third seal structure s1c may be disposed near or at a proximal section of the valve member 50 and configured to provide a sealed closure between the fluid feedthrough channel FFC and an area outside the fluid feedthrough channel FFC. The third seal structure s1c is preferably configured to clamp a corresponding sealed closure in response to, and preferably under the influence of, an increase in fluid pressure within the fluid feedthrough channel FFC relative to an area outside the fluid feedthrough channel FFC.

[0219] In this way, movement of the third seal structure s1c relative to the valve seat SV is substantially unrestrained when the fluid feedthrough channel FFC is not or is only slightly pressurized, allowing the corresponding sealed closure to sufficiently tighten when the fluid feedthrough channel is pressurized (i.e., to prevent pressurized air from escaping during use). Thus, the valve member 50 can move (e.g., along the axis X50) between its open and closed positions to prevent leakage from the fluid feedthrough channel FFC.

[0220] The third seal structure s1c is preferably substantially deformable under the influence of a fluid pressure differential across the third seal structure s1c.

[0221] The third seal arrangement s1c preferably comprises, inter alia, a lip seal arrangement s1cL for forming a lip seal between the valve member 50 and the valve seat SV.

[0222] The lip seal structure s1cL preferably extends at an angle β substantially with respect to the main axis X50, for example when viewed in cross section in Figs. 8c-8d. The angle β is preferably between 1° and 90°, more preferably between 10° and 70°, more preferably between 20° and 50°, for example about 30°. The lip seal structure s1cL preferably extends at least partially radially outward from the main axis X50. The lip seal structure s1cL preferably extends at least partially from a main portion of the sealing element s1 towards a distal end of the valve member 50.

[0223] 8a-8b show one example of the lip seal element s1cL, and 8c-8d show another such example, from which it can be seen that increasing pressure in the fluid feedthrough channel FFC, particularly against the area on the other side of the third seal structure s1c from the fluid feedthrough channel FFC, can deform and / or compress the lip seal structure s1cL such that it is (more) firmly pressed against the valve seat SV at the location of the third seal structure s1c.

[0224] Such deformability, and in particular such lip seal structure s1cL, can advantageously provide for tightening of the third sealed closure in response to an increase in fluid pressure within the fluid feedthrough channel FFC relative to an area outside the fluid feedthrough channel FFC.

[0225] One or more of the various sealing structures s1a, s1b, s1c in the valve member 50 may additionally provide that the valve member 50 is substantially centered and / or remains substantially centered relative to the valve seat SV, while simultaneously permitting opening and closing movement of the valve member 50, among other things.

[0226] The sealing structures s1a, s1b, s1c are preferably arranged at a distance from one another so that one or more intermediate spaces may be provided between them, for example between the valve member 50 (in particular the outer surface of the sealing element s1) and the valve seat SV. For example (see Figs. 8a-8d), an intermediate space PFCi is provided between the sealing structures s1a and s1b, which forms part of the product feed-through channel PFC at least when the valve member 50 is in its open position. As another example, another intermediate space FFCi is provided between the sealing structures s1b and s1c, which forms part of the fluid feed-through channel FFC and / or the fluid passage 51 and provides at least a part of the fluid path including the fluid passage 51 and the fluid feed-through channel FFC. The above intermediate space FFCi preferably remains open and fluidly connected to the fluid passage 51 and the fluid feed-through channel FFC, substantially independent of whether the valve member 50 is in the open or closed position. Furthermore, the valve member 50 and the valve seat SV, in particular the sealing structures s1b and s1c, are preferably configured such that said intermediate space FFCi remains substantially liquid-tight sealed regardless of whether the valve member 50 is in the open or closed position, and in particular the sealing structure s1c prevents leakage of pressurized air to the (atmospheric) environment.

[0227] Figures 16a-c show perspective views of product and fluid flow paths in a CPU according to a preferred exemplary embodiment (shown in Figure 12). Figure 16c is an upside down view with respect to Figures 16a-b. Reference symbols have been added to show where some corresponding CPU elements are positioned with respect to the illustrated flow paths. In these figures, product flow paths are shaded in light grey and fluid flow paths are shaded in dark grey. Flow directions are indicated by arrows. Dashed arrows p1-p7 indicate the direction of the subsequent product flow paths and solid arrows g1-g4 indicate the direction of the subsequent fluid flow paths. Note that in these figures, the product flow paths include the flow paths of gassed products, i.e. the flow paths downstream of the whipping device 15. It should also be noted that not all arrows are shown in all of Figures 16a-c.

[0228] At arrow p1, product flows from the product container into the product feed-through channel PFC of the CPU. At arrow p2, product flows past the valve member 50 when the valve member 50 is in an open state. At arrow p3, product flows through the whipping device 15 where the product is provided with gas. At arrow p4, the gas-provided product enters the processing device 7 for pressure reduction and / or mixing. At arrow p5, the gas-provided product enters the downstream section of the processing device 7. At arrow p6, the gas-provided product flows towards the discharge channel DC to be discharged along the direction of arrow p7.

[0229] At arrow g1, the gas enters the CPU through a fluid passage in the valve member 50, flows along arrow g2 into the fluid feed-through channel FFC and continues along arrow g3. At arrow g4, the gas approaches the two microfiltration walls 15a of the foaming device 15 and then passes through the walls 15a into the product stream where the gas continues as part of the provided product.

[0230] For food safety reasons, depending on the particular product to be contained, it may be beneficial to prevent contamination of the CPU and / or the product in the product container prior to use, e.g. during transport or handling. In particular, it may be necessary to prevent contact of the product with ambient air at these times. It may also be necessary to seal the internal spaces of the CPU from ambient air to prevent condensation from forming in these spaces, e.g. in relation to hygiene issues. In view of this, the CPU may be provided with sealing means for blocking ambient air from entering the CPU and / or contacting the product.

[0231] In particular, in an embodiment that may be implemented independently of other embodiments, the downstream section of the CPU may be provided with an airtight seal cap. In particular, the product processing unit CPU may be provided with an airtight seal cap 71 configured to seal the downstream product discharge area 128 of the product processing unit CPU from the environment prior to initial use. For example, the downstream discharge nozzle NZ may be located within the sealed downstream product discharge area 128 (see FIG. 12).

[0232] The sealing cap can be constructed in a variety of ways. As shown in Figures 12, 15a and 15b, the sealing cap can include, for example, a first section 71 and an optional second section 74 connected to the first section, for example via a (film) hinge 73, preferably with a gripping element, for example a handle 72, in at least one or both sections. The optional hinge 73 can, for example, be a one-piece flexible section of the sealing cap.

[0233] In one example, the first cap section 71 is configured to seal the downstream region 128 and can cooperate with an opposing edge of the CPU to form a corresponding airtight seal.

[0234] Further, in one example, the second cap section 74 can be configured to seal a second external opening of the CPU, the second opening being a gas supply opening of the gas supply source FIs (see FIG. 12).

[0235] The sealing cap may be configured to be removed by a user at or around the time of insertion of a product container into the dispensing machine by first pulling the handle to rotate the first section about the hinge to release the first section from the CPU, then pulling the sealing cap further to release the second section from the CPU.

[0236] In one example, a single cap includes both sections 71, 74 to seal two different exterior openings of the CPU, or cap sections 71, 74 can be separate cap sections (not directly connected to each other).

[0237] In another embodiment, which may be implemented independently from other embodiments but may also be combined, the CPU may comprise an airtight (e.g. pressure controlled) seal 61, 62 at the interface between the inlet of the above-mentioned product feed-through channel PFC near or adjacent to the CPU, in particular the product-containing space inside the product container H. In one example, in the closed state, the seal is entirely in direct contact with the contents of the product-containing space, i.e., for example, product, and prevents the product from entering the CPU and in particular prevents, for example, air or gas from the CPU from entering the product held in the interior space of the container H.

[0238] As shown in Figures 12, 15b, and 15c, in one example, the seal is a pressure-controlled seal including a ring 61 and a cap 62. In a closed state (as shown in Figures 12 and 15b), the ring and cap form an airtight seal, and in an open state (as shown in Figure 15c), a passage for product flow is provided between the ring and the cap, as indicated by arrow a61. Because the location of the pressure-controlled seal may be difficult for a user to access, and because hygienic operation of the seal is desirable, the pressure-controlled seal is preferably configured to open under pressure provided by the contents of the product container when the product container is pressurized. Thus, the opening of the pressure-controlled seal is controlled by controlling the pressurization of the product container. The ring and cap are preferably configured such that the cap peels away from the ring at a predetermined super-atmospheric opening pressure or opening pressure range. To prevent a peeled cap from blocking product flow to the product feedthrough channel PFC, the CPU may include ribs 63 between the pressure controlled seal and the inlet of the product feedthrough channel PFC, so that the cap rests on the ribs after peeling from the ring and product can flow around and under the cap, as shown by arrows a62. Alternatively, the cap itself may include ribs, for example.

[0239] The airtight seal of the CPU at its upstream product inlet can be configured in various ways. Figure 21 shows an alternative to the example shown in Figure 12. The seals 61, 62 are further configured such that the sealing cap 62 (specifically the corresponding outer section 62s) can be radially compressed (by pressurization from the product container) to release from the (fixed) ring portion 61, thereby opening the corresponding product flow path to the CPU. For example, the elastic or bendable neck portion 62s of the cap 62 can be pushed radially inwardly, as shown by arrow a64, away from the opposing (fixed) ring 61 under the opening pressure provided by the contents of the product container when the container is pressurized (which reduces the outer diameter of the cap 62 and allows the cap to be loosened or unclamped from the surrounding retaining ring 61). Specifically, as can be seen in Figure 21, the circumferential outer side of the neck portion 62s of the cap 62 and the opposing inner side of the ring portion 61 can surround a product pressure receiving slit 62q, allowing the entry of pressurized product to radially compress the sealing cap. Thus, pressure-induced release of the cap 62 from the ring 61 is made easier.

[0240] In various embodiments, the system includes a pressurization chamber (for pressurizing the product holder), as described above. The pressurization chamber may be part of the machine B or part of the removable product container H. For example, as described above, the outer walls TW, SW of the removable container H may function as a bag pressurization chamber. Alternatively, one or more such walls may be integrated into the machine B.

[0241] In each of these embodiments, the CPU (and its corresponding product holder, e.g., its flexible product bag FB) is preferably replaceable. In use, the CPU may extend, for example, partially or substantially outside the corresponding pressurized chamber (see, e.g., Figs. 3A, 3B) through the chamber's CPU opening (specifically the product processing unit CPU, which protrudes (e.g., through a dedicated CPU receiving port RP) through the container's wall structure SW toward the product discharge area, as in Figs. 3B and 20b). In particular, the pressurized chamber may be defined by the container's exterior wall structure SW. The wall structure SW includes a CPU receiving port RP for receiving and positioning the product processing unit CPU (see Figs. 18b, 20a, 20b).

[0242] The CPU is preferably configured to cooperate with the pressurized chamber (i.e., its CPU receiving port RP) to form an airtight seal therebetween when the CPU is received in the CPU opening. Such a seal can be achieved in various ways. For example, a ring element 91 of the CPU may form an airtight seal with the CPU chamber, and / or other sealing means (not shown) can be provided and / or integrated between the CPU and the corresponding port RP for sealing contact or engagement therebetween. Thus, the pressurized chamber can be pressurized to a desired operating pressure and leakage of pressurized gas from the pressurized space can be prevented.

[0243] Preferably, to improve ease of use and prevent malfunction of the system, the system may be configured to provide feedback to the user regarding and upon the formation of an airtight seal between the CPU and the pressurized chamber. For example, the CPU may be configured to generate an audible and / or tactile feedback signal (e.g., a click) in cooperation with the CPU receiving port RP.

[0244] To allow accurate installation of the CPU through the CPU opening of the port RP (e.g., to align the fluid supply opening SV of the CPU with the fluid supply connector 50 of the dispensing machine, as shown in Figs. 18a-18b), the external shape 111 of the CPU may be configured to substantially mate with the shape 112 of the CPU receiving opening of the port RP (see also Fig. 20b). The respective shape may thus provide alignment and / or centering of the CPU during installation in or through the CPU opening of the port RP. Preferably, as shown in Figs. 18a-18b, the respective shape is rotationally asymmetric about an axis that substantially corresponds to the insertion direction of the CPU. This direction is indicated by the arrow a110 in both figures, and in Fig. 18a, the arrow points into the drawing. The rotational asymmetry may be provided in various ways. For example, as shown in Figs. 18a-18b, it may be provided by one or more (here, one) protrusions 113 of the CPU on the side of an otherwise substantially axisymmetric shape. The CPU receiving port RP can have mating features (e.g., apertures, notches) 114 for receiving and engaging the CPU protrusions 113. Such asymmetry provides resistance to improper insertion, particularly insertion in which the CPU is rotated relative to the desired orientation about the above-mentioned axes.

[0245] Preferably, to facilitate accurate placement, including alignment and / or centering, the CPU and / or CPU receiving port RP may have a tapered shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 18b, the shape of the CPU may taper from a wide portion (upper portion of FIG. 18b) proximal to the pressurized space to a narrow portion (lower portion of FIG. 18b) distal to the pressurized space. As a result, the CPU is automatically centered within the CPU receiving port during insertion, providing the benefit of facilitating manipulation while preventing inaccurate placement.

[0246] Preferably, to further facilitate CPU installation and to ensure that the CPU remains locked in place during operation, the system (specifically the container / capsule H) can be provided with a separable CPU retention latch (clip) 102, as shown in Figures 20a-c. Figure 20a shows a perspective view of a CPU connected to a corresponding flexible bag FB and CPU retention latch 102 to connect the CPU to the container wall SW via a CPU positioning port RP (see Figure 20b). Figure 20b shows a similar view, but with the lid TW of the product container H attached to seal the space containing the flexible bag FB. Figure 20c shows the CPU retention latch itself.

[0247] In this example, the CPU includes two L-shaped projections 101 on the outside of the CPU (projections 101 point outward from each other). One such projection is shown in Figs. 20a-c, and another in Figs. 15a-b. These projections 101 may be configured to cooperate with a CPU retention latch 102 and the lid TW and CPU receiving port RP of the outer container shell. Specifically, after the CPU is inserted through the CPU opening of the CPU receiving port RP, an arm 103 may be positioned between the second surface 101b of the L-shaped projection 101 and the port RP to securely lock the CPU in place. The latch 102 may include a spring element 105 that may be spring-biased by the chamber lid TW after assembly, for example, to lock the latch in place (see Fig. 20b). The latch 102 may also include a handle 104 or the like for enhancing manual grip.

[0248] Fig. 20b shows that the outer container wall SW may include guide / support elements 107 to aid in the installation of the latch 102. Fig. 20b also shows the outer container CPU positioning port / positioning structure RP. The positioning structure RP is specifically configured to substantially surround the outside of the CPU to properly position the CPU relative to the container.

[0249] In an embodiment shown diagrammatically in Figures 19a-19c, which may be combined with any of the above examples, the cooling system CS as described above may be configured to cool the interior of the container receiving space Hs in order to cool a product container (not shown in Figures 19a-19c) including a CPU while it is received in said container receiving space Hs. The wall 121 structure of the receiving space Hs may, for example, include or be provided with one or more cooling ducts / channels 122 of the cooling system CS. At least during operation, the cooling channels 122 preferably contain a cooling liquid that is circulated by the cooling system.

[0250] Each cooling channel 122 can be configured in various ways and can extend along various paths / directions. For example, one or more cooling channels 122 can extend parallel to the centerline of the container-receiving space (as in Figs. 19a-19c). Preferably, to substantially cool the entire product container-receiving space Hs, said cooling channels 122 can extend along a serpentine and / or spiral path around the container-receiving space Hs.

[0251] The wall / wall structure 121 surrounding the container receiving space Hs may have a specific cooled CPU enclosing section (e.g., an extension) 125 that encloses the outside of the CPU and the corresponding nozzle NZ (particularly after the container is placed in the container receiving space; the CPU enclosing section 125 is also depicted diagrammatically in the dashed box of FIG. 3B).

[0252] Preferably, the cooled CPU enclosure section 125 of the wall structure 121 has a product outlet 136 which is closable by a closure member 123. The closable product outlet 136 of the machine's wall structure 121 is preferably located near / adjacent to the product outlet of the CPU after the container is installed.

[0253] For example, the system may include a movable closure member 123 near (e.g., below) the CPU (after installation in the machine) to close / cover the product outlet 136 of the cooled CPU enclosure section 125. For example, a motor 124 may be provided to move the closure member 123 to an open position (e.g., in the direction of arrow a120) to provide a downward passage for product flow from the CPU (through outlet 136) during product discharge, and to move the member 123 in the opposite direction after product discharge (to close outlet 136). This may prevent or significantly reduce heat (and water vapor) exchange from the ambient air to the CPU (and product container H) installed in the receiving space Hs.

[0254] Thus, the foaming product dispensing system may include a hermetically sealable wall structure 121 that encloses a container receiving space Hs for receiving a container H. The wall structure 121 includes a product outlet port 136 that is closeable (and sealable) by a closure member 123.

[0255] The closure member 123 is preferably thermally insulating, e.g., at least partially made of a thermally insulating material and / or configured to significantly reduce the conduction of heat through the closure member 123. For example, the closure member 123 may be configured to hold therein a volume of air or another fluid with low thermal conductivity. Circulation of air or other fluid within the closure member 123 may be inhibited, for example, by a foam or foam-like structure in which the air or other fluid is held. The closure member 123 may include, for example, a cellular foam material. In one example, the thermal conductivity of the member 123 may be less than 1 W / m / K, preferably less than 0.1 W / m / K (at atmospheric pressure and 20° C.). It will be appreciated that many variations and alternatives are possible for making the cover member 123 thermally insulating.

[0256] Figures 19a-c show examples of closure member 123 in various positions. Figures 19d-f show another example of closure member 223 in various positions. Another difference is that closure member 123 is located below product outlet port 136, whereas closure member 223 is located above (i.e., above) product outlet port 236. An advantage of closure member 223 being located above product outlet port 236 (and below the CPU) is that closure member 223 can be located closer to the CPU and / or the space to be cooled around the CPU can be relatively small, allowing for relatively rapid re-cooling of said space after a dispense operation.

[0257] As shown in Figures 19a-19f, the closure member 123 is movable between a first position (see Figures 19b and 19d) and a second position (see Figures 19a and 19e). In the first position, the closure member 123 provides a passage for the flow of foamed product from the product outlet port 136. In the second position, the closure member 123 closes the product outlet port 136.

[0258] The closure member 123 preferably comprises a product dispensing passage 123a itself, which passage 123a is located opposite the product outlet port 136 when the closure member 123 is in the first position. Preferably, in the second position of the closure member, the product dispensing passage 123a is located a little further away from the product outlet port 136 compared to the first position.

[0259] Such passages 123a can improve thermal insulation during dispensing, in particular, such passages 123a can provide relatively low exposure of the refrigerated space Hs while still allowing dispensing of the product.

[0260] To limit, and preferably prevent, air flow between the closure member 123 and the wall structure 121 (such air flow being associated with heat and / or moisture transfer), especially when the product outlet port 136 is closed by the insulating closure member 123, a seal 125s (see Figures 19a-19c) is preferably provided between the wall structure 121 and the closure member 123. The seal 125s is preferably made of an elastic material such as rubber, silicone, etc.

[0261] In a particularly advantageous elaboration, the closure member 123 is manually removable from the product dispensing machine B and can then be manually replaced. In this way, an easy remote cleaning of the closure member 123 can be enabled. The closure member 123 can thus in particular be cleaned outside the machine B. The closure member 123 can in particular be removable and replaceable when the machine door D2 is open (see for example FIG. 19f in comparison with FIG. 19e).

[0262] In this regard, in the illustrated example, the closure member 123 can be separated from the machine B, but "detachable from the machine B" should not be interpreted as necessarily meaning that it can also be separated from the machine B. For example, in alternative embodiments not shown, the closure member 123 can remain at least physically connected to the machine B by a corresponding flexible connecting structure, such as, for example, a string or chain.

[0263] Preferably, the product dispensing machine B is configured to automatically open and close the product outlet port 136 by a corresponding movement of the closure member 123, in particular after a manual replacement of the closure member 123. In this way, ease of use and / or hygiene can be promoted, such that a user (operator) may only need to replace the closure member 123 (e.g. without having to connect or otherwise handle the replaced closure member 123).

[0264] As will be explained further, to this end, machine B may include a closure member actuator 124 for (re)engaging the closure member 123 after replacement.

[0265] As shown in FIG. 19f, for example, the closure member 223 may comprise a handling structure 223f for manually handling the closure member 223 during removal of the closure member 223 from the product dispensing machine B. As shown, such a handling structure may be in the form of an edge, a ridge, a recess, a groove, etc., and allows a user to use his / her hand M (e.g., one or more fingers) to apply a removal force (e.g., in the direction of arrow 221) to the closure member 223. Such a handling structure 223f may provide improved ease of use and improved hygiene, since it allows the user to only touch the handling structure 223f, and not other parts of the closure member 223 and / or the entire system, and therefore in particular not parts that are contacted by the expelled product during dispensing.

[0266] It will be understood that in FIG. 19f, the representation of the hand M should not be construed as a definitive representation to scale.

[0267] The product dispensing machine B is preferably configured to detect a replaced closure member 123, for example using a corresponding sensor 124a (see Figures 19a-19c), and preferably the closure member 123 includes a corresponding detectable portion 123n (e.g. magnet 123n) configured to be detected by the product dispensing machine B (e.g. by sensor 124s). Such a configuration allows the machine B to respond to the replacement of the closure member 123, for example by attempting to (re)engage said closure member 123. Alternatively or additionally, the machine may provide feedback to the user regarding the replacement of the closure member 123, for example indicating a proper or improper replacement, and possibly prompt the user to take corrective action when an improper replacement is detected.

[0268] The closure member 123 may comprise a drip retaining structure 123d for receiving and retaining drips of product emerging from the product outlet port 136, at least when the product outlet port 136 is closed by the closure member 123 (see Figs. 19a and 19e). Preferably, the drip retaining structure 123d is at least partially positioned in alignment with (e.g. below or above) the product outlet port 136, at least when the product outlet port 136 is closed by the closure member 123. Such a drip retaining structure 123d can improve hygiene, in particular by preventing product drips from reaching areas that are difficult to clean and / or areas that are not or are not cooled very well. Drips retained in the drip receiving structure 123d can be removed, i.e. the structure 123d can be cleaned when the closure member 123 is removed from the machine, as described above.

[0269] As mentioned above, the product dispensing machine B preferably comprises a closure member actuator 124 for actuating the closure member 123. Thus, the closure member 123 can be actuated between, for example, a position (see Figs. 19a and 19e) in which the closure member 123 closes the product outlet port 136 (e.g., a second position) and at least one other position. Preferably, the at least one other position includes, for example, a position in which the closure member 123 (e.g., its passage 123a) allows a flow of the foaming product from the product outlet port 136 to dispense the foaming product (e.g., a first position). Such a closure member actuator 124 can enable one or more positions of the closure member 123 to be controllable by the machine B.

[0270] The closure member actuator 124 is preferably configured for engaging and disengaging with the closure member 123 (e.g. for re-engaging the closure member 123 after it has been replaced in the machine B). Such engagement and disengagement allows for an effective transfer of (mechanical) control of the closure member between the machine B and the user.

[0271] With regard to the above disengagement, preferably the system comprises a blocking element 124b for blocking movement of the closure member 123 at its predetermined position, e.g., to disengage the closure member 123 from the closure member actuator 124. Specifically, the closure member actuator 124 may be configured to engage the closure member 123 with (e.g., against) the blocking element 124b to disengage the closure member 123 from the closure member actuator 124.

[0272] Such an arrangement can provide an effective means for controlled disengagement of the closure member 123 by the actuator 124. Figures 19c and 19f show how the actuator member 124a (preferably a substantially linearly movable actuator member 124a) of the closure member actuator 124 is retracted beyond such blocking element 124b, resulting in the closure member 123 being disengaged from the actuator 124 by the blocking element 124b. The closure member 123 thus disengaged can be manually removed and then replaced as described above. The replaced closure member 123 can then be re-engaged by the actuator 124, for example by moving the actuator member 124a towards the closure member 123. It will thus be appreciated that the closure member 123 can also be re-engaged without prior removal and replacement (e.g. if the user has not actuated the closure member 123 after disengagement).

[0273] The closure member actuator 124 may be configured to magnetically engage with the closure member 123. Preferably, the closure member 123 comprises a magnetically engageable element 123m (e.g., a magnet 123m) configured to be engaged by the closure member actuator 124. It has been determined that such a magnetic configuration can provide a good connection between the actuator 124 and the closure member 123 when the closure member 123 is engaged by the actuator 124, while at the same time allowing for well-controlled engagement and disengagement of the closure member 123.

[0274] 17 shows a schematic diagram of a combined system for pressurizing the product container and supplying fluid to the CPU. This combined system relates to a preferred embodiment that can be implemented independently or in combination with any of the other embodiments. In alternative embodiments, for example, separate systems may be configured for pressurizing the product container and supplying fluid to the CPU.

[0275] In the exemplary system shown in FIG. 17, a choke gas source is implemented. The choke gas source includes a corresponding flow constriction 89. In particular, as can be seen in the drawing, ambient air enters the compressor 82 via an air filter 81. A controllable three-way valve 83 directs the pressurized air downstream of the compressor either towards the container receiving space Hs, when the system is in pressurization mode, or towards the CPU, when the system is in dispense mode. The three-way valve 83 is preferably adjustable by the electronic controller CTR at least between the pressurization mode and the dispense mode. FIG. 17 shows the three-way valve 83 in a schematic diagram in the dispense mode. In this exemplary embodiment, the pressurization mode and the dispense mode are mutually exclusive, but in alternative embodiments, they may occur simultaneously.

[0276] In pressurization mode, a pressure sensor 84 measures the pressure in the vessel and feeds back a representative pressure signal to a controller (not shown) to regulate the pressure by regulating the compressor 82. A safety valve 85 is provided to depressurize the vessel in the event of overpressure, e.g., if the pressure sensor 84, controller CTR, and / or compressor 82 fail.

[0277] In the dispense mode, the pressurized air enters a passive condensate block 87 positioned in the cooled space CSp of the dispense system. The condensate block 87 is configured to passively cool and dry the pressurized air and includes a drain valve 88 for draining off the condensate produced by cooling the air. The drain valve 88 is configured to close in the dispense mode and open otherwise.

[0278] 17, a drain valve 88 may be fluidly connected to the vessel receiving space Hs. In this manner, air may be allowed to flow from the product vessel Hs through the condensate block 87 and through the drain valve 88 to the atmosphere.

[0279] Downstream of the condensate block 87, the pressurized air enters the CPU through an orifice 89. The orifice provides a flow constriction 89 (also called a gas restriction) which, when air is supplied at a sufficiently high pressure upstream of the orifice, creates a so-called choked flow condition. In such a choked flow condition, the flow velocity of the gas in the constriction substantially corresponds to the speed of sound in the gas in the constriction. Advantageously, as a result, the air flow downstream of the orifice can be substantially flow-controlled, rather than pressure-controlled. In particular, a substantially stable air flow through the fine filtering walls 15a of the CPU can be provided, substantially independent of the level of clogging of these walls 15a. Clogging normally increases the flow resistance.

[0280] The flow constriction 89 is preferably arranged at the (movable) fluid injector connector FIc of the product dispensing machine B, in particular at the distal part of the fluid injector FIc and one of the product processing units (CPU). Such an arrangement makes it possible to reduce the delay of the pressure build-up at said wall 15a, by arranging the flow constriction 89 close to the microfiltration wall 15a, thereby reducing in particular the so-called dead volume between the flow constriction 89 and the wall 15a.

[0281] 17, a gas buffer volume 89b of a certain volume may be provided upstream of the flow constriction 89, capable of holding a pressurized gas, such as air. Such a buffer volume 89b may in particular enable a more rapid initial gas pressurization at the flow constriction 89, thereby further reducing the delay in the pressure rise at the microfiltration wall 15a (in addition to or instead of the reduction described above due to the placement of the flow constriction 89). It has been found that a minimum volume of the buffer volume 89b of 0.5 liters (e.g. a maximum volume of 2 liters) may provide particularly good results.

[0282] The buffer volume 89b may be located in (e.g., formed by) the head space of the capsule SW or the container receiving space Hs, for example. Alternatively or additionally, the buffer volume 89b may be located (anywhere) within the machine B, in particular immediately downstream of the compressor 82, to limit or prevent shocks within the system.

[0283] Upstream of the condensate block 87 and downstream of the three-way valve 83 there may be a bypass orifice 86 to vent excess air if the compressor is oversized.

[0284] The product dispensing machine B is preferably configured to pressurize the installed product container H (e.g., installed in the container receiving space Hs) to at least two (mutually different) operating pressures for supplying the product to the processing unit CPU. In this way, the cream-to-air ratio of the dispensed product can be controlled by the user. In particular, the higher the operating pressure, the higher the cream-to-air ratio (i.e., the more cream relative to the amount of air).

[0285] To that end, as shown in Figure 17, the dispensing machine B preferably includes a user-operable controller CTR for selecting a desired vessel operating pressure. In particular, said controller CTR may be connected to or form part of a user interface IN of the machine B.

[0286] As shown, such a controller CTR may be combined with a controller controlling a compressor 82 and / or a three-way valve 83. Said controller CTR preferably receives input from a pressure sensor 84, for example, to compare the sensed pressure to a predetermined or user set target pressure.

[0287] The gas supply for supplying gas to the product (described above and shown in FIG. 17) is preferably configured to provide a predetermined gas flow rate during operation that is substantially independent of the set product container operating pressure.

[0288] It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described above: various modifications are possible within the framework of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

[0289] Thus, the product may include, for example, edible or non-edible proteins, protein mixtures, or protein solutions. Edible protein solutions may include, for example, milk proteins, whey proteins, and casein, egg white proteins, yeast isolates, soy proteins, hemoglobin, vegetable protein isolates, meat proteins, collagen, gelatin, and the like.

[0290] The product may, for example, be homogeneously or heterogeneously foamed.

[0291] The products can be food, or cosmetics, cleaners, and / or different types of products.

[0292] The products may further include various substances such as, for example, thickeners, colorants, flavorings, and the like.

[0293] For example, alternative valve operation modes may be employed and fluid paths may be arranged along various spatial trajectories without substantially affecting the functional performance of the system.

[0294] Additionally, the product dispensing machine can be configured to pressurize the product container in a variety of ways. In one example, the machine can include one or more pumps or pumping means for pressurizing the container. Additionally or additionally, the machine can be configured to include one or more dedicated high pressure reservoirs (e.g., one or more gas cylinders filled with gas at high pressure (e.g., greater than 100 bar)) or to be connected to an external high pressure gas source to pressurize the product container.

[0295] Moreover, as mentioned above, the product container itself can be configured in various ways, for example, it may include a pressurized chamber which is not essential (e.g., the dispensing machine B itself may include a pressurized chamber for receiving the product container), and, as can be seen from the described embodiment, the product container may be partially or totally removable from the dispensing machine, in particular to be replaced with a new one.

[0296] Furthermore, in various embodiments, the frothing device 15 includes at least one fine filtration device for supplying gas to the product (for frothing). In this way, excellent frothing results are obtained. However, the system (specifically the CPU) can additionally or alternatively include one or more other frothing elements for providing product frothing, such as one or more filter elements, one or more gas injector devices for injecting gas into the product, one or more stirring devices, one or more turbulence inducers for inducing turbulence in the product flow, one or a combination of such elements, and / or in various ways.

[0297] Moreover, as can be seen from the above, the replaceable product container H itself can be configured in various ways. It can be provided by a single container wall enclosing an interior space for holding the product. It can also be provided by an exterior (e.g., rigid) wall enclosing an interior space for receiving an interior product holder (e.g., a flexible bag or a product holder having at least one flexible wall). The product container itself can be configured to be pressurized. Furthermore, the product container can function as a removable capsule during operation to position the product (e.g., product holder) within the dispensing machine B.

[0298] Moreover, in the above embodiment, the machine B itself includes a cooling system CS, in particular for cooling the container receiving space Hs. In further or alternative embodiments, the product container itself (e.g. the aforementioned capsule SW) is equipped with cooling means for cooling the container. By way of example, the outer wall SW of the container can include one or more cooling ducts for circulating a cooling medium through its wall. Such cooling ducts can be supplied with a cooling medium by the cooling system of the machine B (via corresponding, interacting cooling medium ports) during operation, for example. In another embodiment, the cooling system can also be integrated into the replaceable container itself. In yet another embodiment, the container wall SW can include one or more Peltier elements for removing heat from the container, and the power supply of such elements can be integrated into the container and / or the dispensing machine B (in the latter case, a dedicated electrical contact can be implemented between the machine B and the container SW for transferring the cooling power of the Peltier elements from the machine B to the container).

[0299] Furthermore, the CPU is preferably configured such that, prior to initial use, the interior of the CPU (specifically its internal product duct and one or more processing spaces as well as its internal gas duct) is hermetically sealed air-tight from the environment of the corresponding product container H. This can be achieved by the CPU structure (i.e. its outer wall sections, see e.g. Fig. 12) and by applying gas-tight sealing means that seal the product input / output openings as well as the gas inlet openings (see again e.g. Fig. 12) prior to initial use. For example, the main outer wall structure of the CPU can be assembled from a number of different CPU sections, in particular a top section including a product inlet portion and at least further sections including a gas inlet portion (the sections are e.g. plastic CPU sections, made e.g. via plastic injection molding and / or other manufacturing steps). Such CPU sections can be joined together to provide a hermetically sealed outer CPU surface (except for the product input / output openings and the gas inlet openings, which can later be sealed via dedicated sealing means, as described above).

[0300] Moreover, according to one aspect, the product container H does not necessarily have to be a free (replaceable) container: according to one embodiment, it can also be integrated into the machine / appliance.

[0301] Additionally, product container H can be a disposable container.

[0302] Furthermore, according to one embodiment, the container can be a bottle or a bottle-shaped container.

[0303] For example, the interchangeable product container can be a Bag In Container (BIC), or a Bag In Box (BIB), or a Bottle In Bottle container (BIB), as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. a product dispensing machine (B) configured to receive an exchangeable product container (H); a product container (H) adapted to cooperate with said product dispensing machine (B) after installation in said product dispensing machine (B); A foaming product dispensing system comprising: said product container (H) is filled with a foamable product (P); said product container (H) is provided with a product processing unit (CPU) including a whipping device (15) having a product inlet (15i) for receiving a product (P) and a product outlet (15u) for discharging the product (P), said product processing unit (CPU) being connectable to a gas supply source for supplying gas to said product (P); The foamed product dispensing system comprises a hermetically sealable wall structure (121) enclosing a container receiving space (Hs) for receiving the product container (H), the wall structure (121) comprising a product outlet port (136) closable by a thermally insulating closure member (123); 1. A foam product dispensing system, comprising: a closure member (123) movable between a first position and a second position, wherein in the first position, the insulating closure member (123) provides a passage for a flow of a foam product from the product outlet port (136), and in the second position, the insulating closure member (123) closes the product outlet port (136), the closure member including a product dispensing passage (123a) located opposite the product outlet port (136) when the closure member (123) is in the first position, and wherein in the second position of the closure member, the product dispensing passage (123a) is located at a distance from the product outlet port (136) compared to the first position.

2. A foaming product dispensing system as described in claim 1, wherein the foaming product (P) is a food product.

3. said closure member (123) being manually removable from said product dispensing machine (B) and thereafter manually replaceable therein; 3. The foaming product dispensing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the product dispensing machine (B) is configured to automatically open and close the product outlet port (136) using the closure member (123) after manual replacement of the closure member (123).

4. 4. The foaming product dispensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the closure member (123) is provided with a drip retaining structure (123d) for receiving and retaining drips of product emerging from the product outlet port (136) at least when the product outlet port (136) is closed by the closure member (123).

5. 5. The foaming product dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the product dispensing machine (B) comprises a closure member actuator (124) for actuating the closure member (123), the closure member actuator (124) being configured to engage and disengage the closure member (123).

6. The foam product dispensing system of claim 5, wherein the closure member actuator (124) is configured to magnetically engage the closure member (123).

7. A foamed product dispensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: said product processing unit (CPU) comprises a product feed-through channel (PFC) upstream of said whipping device (15), which is closable by a valve member (50); said product processing unit (CPU) comprising a fluid feed-through channel (FFC) upstream of said whipping device (15); the valve member (50) is configured to provide a fluid connection between the fluid feed-through channel (FFC) of the product processing unit (CPU) and a fluid source of the product dispensing machine (B); The valve member (50) a distally disposed first seal structure (s1a) configured to provide a first sealed closure blocking said product feedthrough channel (PFC) when said product feedthrough channel (PFC) is closed by said valve member (50); and / or a second seal structure (s1b) configured to provide a second sealed closure at a location remote from the distal end of the valve member (50) between the distal and proximal sections of the valve member (50); and / or a third seal structure (s1c) disposed at or near the proximal section of said valve member (50); A foaming product dispensing system comprising at least one of:

8. 8. The foam product dispensing system of claim 7, wherein at least one of the seal structures (s1b) is a resiliently compressible structure that protrudes laterally relative to a central axis (X50) of the valve member (50), the compressible structure being compressed by a corresponding seal receiving structure (SVb).

9. 9. The foamed product dispensing system of claim 7 or 8, wherein at least one of the sealing structures (s1c) comprises a lip seal structure (s1cL) for forming a lip seal.

10. A valve member (50) for a product container (H) of a foaming product dispensing system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, the valve member (50) being configured to provide a fluid connection between a fluid feed-through channel (FFC) of a product processing unit (CPU) of said product container (H) and a fluid source of said product dispensing machine (B).

11. A product container (H) for a foamed product dispensing system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, comprising a valve member (50) according to claim 10.

12. A foam product dispensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising: A foamed product dispensing system, wherein the product dispensing machine (B) is configured to pressurize an installed product container (H) to at least two (mutually different) operating pressures for supplying product to the product processing unit (CPU).

13. A foam product dispensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising: the gas supply includes a gas restriction (89) for achieving a choked flow during operation; A choke flow gas supply, the gas restriction being a flow constriction (89) a (movable) fluid injector connector (FIc) of said product dispensing machine (B), and the product processing unit (CPU), a foaming product dispensing system disposed at one of the

14. The foam product dispensing system of claim 13, wherein the gas source is configured to provide a gas buffer volume (89b) upstream of the flow constriction (89).

15. A foam product dispensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising: Further comprising a replaceable capsule (SW) configured to replaceably receive the product container; the product dispensing machine (B) is configured to exchangeably receive the capsule (SW) containing the product container, the capsule (SW) being configured to cooperate with the product dispensing machine (B) in a pressurized manner; A foaming product dispensing system, wherein the product dispensing machine (B) is configured to enable pressurization of the capsule (SW) depending on the position and / or orientation of the capsule (SW) relative to the product dispensing machine (B).

16. The foaming product dispensing system of claim 15, wherein the product dispensing machine (B) is provided with a holding member (RB) that is movable from a release position to a holding position depending on the position and / or orientation of the capsule (SW) relative to the product dispensing machine (B), and in the release position, the capsule (SW) is releasable from the product dispensing machine (B), and in the holding position, the capsule (SW) is held within the product dispensing machine (B).

17. The foam product dispensing system of claim 16, wherein the product dispensing machine (B) comprises a door (D2) that is movable from an open position to a closed position when the holding member (RB) is in the holding position, and in the release position, the holding member (RB) substantially blocks movement of the door (D2) from the open position to the closed position.

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