Fire prevention systems and fire detectors

Abstract

To provide a fire detector and a disaster prevention system equipped with the fire detector, which monitors an abnormality in a fire detector that cannot be judged by a sensitivity test or a dirt test and notifies the abnormality before malfunction occurs. [Solution] In a tunnel disaster prevention system equipped with a fire detector that detects fires in a detection area, fires are monitored by providing a fire detector 12 that detects light energy from a fire in the detection area using sensor units 64, 68 that act as light receiving sensors. A deterioration test unit 86 of the fire detector 12, which functions as an abnormality determination unit, determines a deterioration abnormality based on information for determining a deterioration abnormality that is different from information for determining a detection sensitivity abnormality obtained during a sensitivity test or dirt test, which is a test that determines a detection sensitivity abnormality in which the detection sensitivity of the sensor units 64, 68 of the fire detector 12 to light energy drops to a predetermined level.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a disaster prevention system provided with a fire detector that detects a fire in a detection area, and to the fire detector. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in tunnels for expressways and the like, fire detectors that monitor for fires are installed to protect people and vehicles from fire accidents that may occur within the tunnel, and the fire detectors are connected to signal lines drawn from a disaster prevention receiving panel.

[0003] The fire detectors have detection areas on both the left and right sides and are arranged consecutively along the length of the tunnel, for example at intervals of 25 m or 50 m, so that the detection areas of adjacent fire detectors overlap in a mutually complementary manner.

[0004] In addition, the fire detector monitors radiation, such as infrared rays, from fire flames occurring inside the tunnel through a translucent window, and in order to maintain its flame monitoring function, sensitivity tests are conducted to monitor the sensitivity of the light-receiving element and dirt tests are conducted to monitor dirt on the translucent window.

[0005] In the sensitivity test of the light receiving element, when a test signal periodically transmitted from the disaster prevention receiving panel is received, test light equivalent to light from a simulated flame is incident on the light receiving element from a test light source to detect the light receiving sensitivity, the received light value is corrected with a correction value which is the reciprocal of the detection sensitivity until the light receiving sensitivity falls to a predetermined threshold sensitivity, and when the detection sensitivity falls to the predetermined sensitivity threshold and correction becomes impossible, a failure signal of the light receiving element is sent to the disaster prevention receiving panel to output a sensor failure alarm. In addition, a warning sensitivity threshold higher than the sensitivity threshold is set, and when the detection sensitivity falls below the warning sensitivity threshold, a warning alarm of abnormal sensitivity is output.

[0006] In the stain test of the light-transmitting window, when a test signal periodically transmitted from the disaster prevention receiving panel is received, test light is irradiated from a test light source installed outside the fire detector onto the light-transmitting window, the light is received by a light receiving element to determine the light attenuation rate, and when the light attenuation rate exceeds a predetermined stain threshold, a stain abnormality signal is transmitted to the disaster prevention receiving panel to output a stain alarm. Also, a lower advance notice stain threshold is set for the stain threshold, and when the light attenuation rate exceeds the advance notice stain threshold, an advance notice alarm for a stain abnormality is output. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-325271 [Patent Document 2] JP 2002-246962 A [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-128381 [Patent Document 4] JP 2014-026446 A [Patent Document 5] JP 2000-315285 A [Patent Document 6] JP 2007-249520 A [Patent Document 7] Patent No. 5302086 [Patent Document 8] JP 2013-246552 A [Patent Document 9] JP 2000-035818 A Summary of the Invention

[0008] However, such tests of conventional fire detectors are unable to detect faults other than those in the light-receiving element and its signal processing circuit due to lightning strikes, etc., and dirt on the light-transmitting window. After a long period of operation, there have been frequent incidents of the fire detector suddenly malfunctioning even when it appears to be operating normally without any sensor failures detected in sensitivity tests or dirt abnormalities detected in dirt tests, raising the risk of not being able to ensure the reliability of the tunnel disaster prevention system.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a disaster prevention system and a fire detector capable of monitoring anomalies in a fire detector that cannot be detected by sensitivity tests or dirt tests, and reporting the anomalies before a malfunction occurs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] (Disaster prevention systems and fire detectors) The present invention relates to a disaster prevention system and a fire detector that detects light energy from a fire in a detection area using a light receiving sensor, An abnormality determination unit is provided for determining a deterioration abnormality of a functional component that is recognized as a deterioration state prior to a malfunction abnormality that is a malfunction state of at least a functional component constituting the fire detector, The abnormality determination section A sensitivity test for testing the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and a test different from the sensitivity test for monitoring the dirt on the light transmitting window through which the light energy from the outside passes when it is incident on the light receiving sensor. During the exam , information on the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and dirt on the light-transmitting window information Either different Information relating to the operation of the functional configuration unit Voltage or current information Obtain information about voltage or current Based on hand The deterioration abnormality is judged.

[0011] (Identifying the functional component where the deterioration abnormality occurred) In addition, the abnormality determination unit Fire detector Used to judge deterioration abnormalities multiple By determining whether or not each of the functional components has a deterioration abnormality, it is possible to identify the functional component in which the deterioration abnormality has occurred. Effect of the Invention

[0012] (Effectiveness of fire prevention systems and fire detectors) The present invention relates to a disaster prevention system and a fire detector that includes a fire detector that detects light energy from a fire in a detection area using a light receiving sensor, and the fire detector includes an abnormality determination unit that determines a deterioration abnormality of a functional component that is recognized as a deterioration state prior to a failure abnormality that is a failure state of at least a functional component that constitutes the fire detector, and the abnormality determination unit A sensitivity test for testing the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and a test different from the sensitivity test for monitoring the dirt on the light transmitting window through which the light energy from the outside passes when it is incident on the light receiving sensor. During the exam , information on the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and dirt on the light-transmitting window information Either different Information relating to the operation of the functional configuration unit Voltage or current information Obtain information about voltage or current Based on hand Since deterioration abnormalities are judged, there is no need to perform a dedicated test for deterioration abnormalities, and deterioration abnormalities can be judged in conjunction with tests related to detection sensitivity abnormalities such as sensitivity tests and dirt tests, thereby shortening the test time.

[0013] (Effect of identifying the functional component where deterioration abnormality occurred) In addition, the abnormality determination unit Fire detector Deterioration abnormality judgment target Complex By determining the deterioration abnormality for each of the multiple functional components, it is possible to identify the functional component in which the deterioration abnormality has occurred. This makes it possible to take action such as replacing the fire detector experiencing the deterioration abnormality with a spare fire detector before a malfunction occurs. Even if the system deteriorates over time, it is possible to continuously maintain the reliability of fire monitoring and to identify the part where the deterioration abnormality has occurred. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] An explanatory diagram showing the overview of the tunnel disaster prevention system [Diagram 2] Block diagram showing the outline of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel [Diagram 3] An explanatory diagram showing the appearance of a fire detector [Figure 4] Block diagram showing the outline of the functional configuration of a fire detector [Diagram 5] Flowchart showing the control operation of the disaster prevention receiving panel [Figure 6] Flowchart showing the control operation of the fire detector DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] [Outline of tunnel disaster prevention system] Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of a tunnel disaster prevention system. As shown in Fig. 1, an up-line tunnel 1a and a down-line tunnel 1b are constructed as tunnels for a motorway.

[0016] Inside the up-bound tunnel 1a and the down-bound tunnel 1b, fire detectors 12 are installed, for example, at intervals of 25 meters or 50 meters along the walls in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Each fire detector 12 has two sets of fire detection units, so that it has detection areas in both the upward and downward directions of the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and is continuously arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel so that the detection areas of adjacent fire detectors overlap in a mutually complementary manner, and detects fires by observing radiation, for example infrared rays, from flames caused by a fire that has broken out within the detection area.

[0017] In addition, emergency facilities such as manual reporting devices and emergency telephones for reporting fires, fire hydrant devices for extinguishing fires and preventing the spread of fires, and water sprayers that spray fire water from water spray heads to protect the tunnel structure and ducts from fires are also installed in the up-bound tunnel 1a and the down-bound tunnel 1b, but these are omitted from the illustration.

[0018] Transmission lines 14a, 14b including power lines are extended from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to the up-line tunnel 1a and the down-line tunnel 1b to connect the fire detectors 12, and a unique address is set for each line in the fire detectors 12.

[0019] In addition, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is provided with a fire pump equipment 16, duct cooling pump equipment 18, IG slave station equipment 20, ventilation equipment 22, alarm display board equipment 24, radio rebroadcast equipment 26, television monitoring equipment 28, lighting equipment 30, etc., and except for the IG slave station equipment 20 which is connected by a data transmission line, the other equipment is individually connected to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 by P-type signal lines. Here, the IG slave station equipment 20 is a communication equipment which connects the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 and remote monitoring and control equipment 32, which is a higher-level equipment provided externally, via a network.

[0020] The ventilation equipment 22 is a facility that imparts energy to the air inside the tunnel by operating jet fans installed on the ceiling side of the tunnel to blow air at high speeds, thereby creating a ventilation flow in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

[0021] The warning display board equipment 24 is equipment that notifies users in the tunnel of any abnormalities inside the tunnel by displaying them on an electric display board. The radio rebroadcast equipment 26 is equipment that enables drivers and others in the tunnel to receive information from the road administrator. The television monitoring equipment 28 is equipment for checking the scale and location of a fire, activating the water spray equipment, and grasping the situation inside the tunnel when providing evacuation guidance. The lighting equipment 30 is equipment that drives and manages the lighting equipment in the tunnel.

[0022] [Disaster prevention receiving panel] Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel. As shown in Fig. 2, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 includes a panel control unit 34, which is a function realized by, for example, executing a program, and uses, as hardware, a computer circuit equipped with a CPU, memory, various input / output ports, etc.

[0023] Transmission units 36a, 36b are provided for the panel control unit 34, and a plurality of fire detectors 12 installed in the up line tunnel 1a and the down line tunnel 1b are connected to transmission lines 14a, 14b drawn from the transmission units 36a, 36b, respectively.

[0024] The panel control unit 34 is further provided with an alarm unit 38 equipped with a speaker, alarm indicator lights, etc., a display unit 40 equipped with an LCD display, a printer, etc., an operation unit 42 equipped with various switches, etc., and a modem 44 connecting the IG child station equipment 20 which communicates with external monitoring equipment, and further with an IO unit 46 connected to the fire pump equipment 16, cooling pump equipment 18, ventilation equipment 22, alarm display board equipment 24, radio rebroadcast equipment 26, television monitoring equipment 28 and lighting equipment 30 shown in Figure 1.

[0025] The panel control unit 34 instructs the transmission units 36a, 36b to repeatedly send a call signal including a polling command that sequentially specifies the addresses of the fire detectors 12, and when the fire detector 12 receives a call signal that matches its own address, it replies with a response signal including its own status information, such as fire detection and test results.

[0026] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 detects a fire by receiving a response signal from the fire detector 12, it controls the alarm unit 38 to output a fire alarm and also instructs the linkage control of other equipment via the IO unit 46.

[0027] Furthermore, when the system is started up or at predetermined intervals during operation, the panel control unit 34 transmits a test signal containing a test instruction command sequentially specifying the addresses of the fire detectors 12, controls the fire detectors 12 to perform sensitivity tests, contamination tests, and deterioration tests, and controls the fire detectors 12 to respond with the results of each test. Also, a test signal can be transmitted to individual fire detectors to perform tests by a test operation specifying the address of a specific fire detector 12 using the operation unit 42.

[0028] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal of a sensitivity abnormality warning obtained by a sensitivity test of the fire detector 12, it controls the display unit 40 to issue a sensitivity abnormality warning alarm with the specified address of the fire detector by an alarm sound, a display, or printing.

[0029] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal indicating a sensor failure obtained by a sensitivity test of the fire detector 12, it controls the display unit 40 to issue a sensor failure alarm specifying the address of the fire detector by sounding an alarm, displaying the display, or printing.

[0030] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a dirt abnormality warning signal obtained by a dirt test of the fire detector 12, it controls the display unit 40 to issue an alarm of a dirt abnormality that identifies the address of the fire detector by sounding an alarm, displaying it on the display, or printing it.

[0031] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal indicating a dirt abnormality obtained by a dirt test of the fire detector 12, it controls the display unit 40 to issue a dirt alarm specifying the address of the fire detector by sounding an alarm, displaying the display, or printing.

[0032] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal of a deterioration abnormality warning obtained by a deterioration test of the fire detector 12, it controls the display unit 40 to issue an alarm of a deterioration abnormality warning that identifies the address of the fire detector by an alarm sound, a display, or printing.

[0033] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal of a deterioration abnormality obtained by a deterioration test of the fire detector 12, it controls the display unit 40 to issue an alarm of a deterioration abnormality that identifies the address of the fire detector by sounding an alarm, displaying it on the display, or printing it.

[0034] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal of a warning, failure, or abnormality obtained by the sensitivity test, dirt test, and deterioration test of the fire detector 12, it transmits the signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG substation equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, and controls the issuance of a warning alarm, failure alarm, or abnormality alarm.

[0035] Furthermore, the panel control unit 34 performs control to change the thresholds for determining sensitivity abnormalities, dirt abnormalities, and deterioration abnormalities set in the fire detectors 12, and the notice thresholds for determining notice of sensitivity abnormalities, dirt abnormalities, and deterioration abnormalities, based on the operation of the operation unit 42 using the display of the display unit 40. The control to change the thresholds and notice thresholds can change the thresholds or notice thresholds of the fire detectors 12 all at once, or can change the threshold or notice threshold of a specific fire detector 12 by specifying an address.

[0036] In the following description, the transmission paths 14a, 14b and the transmission units 36a, 36b may be referred to as the transmission path 14 and the transmission unit 36 ​​when there is no need to distinguish between them.

[0037] [Fire detector] (Appearance of a fire detector) FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the external appearance of the fire detector, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the fire detector.

[0038] 3, the fire detector 12 has two pairs of light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L separated into left and right in a sensor housing section 51 provided in the upper part of the housing 49, and a sensor section is disposed in each of the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L. In addition, two pairs of light-transmitting windows 52R, 52L for test light sources that house external test light sources used for soiling tests of the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L are provided in positions near the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L where the sensor sections can be seen through.

[0039] In the following description, the light-transmitting window 50R may be referred to as the right-eye light-transmitting window 50R, and the light-transmitting window 50L may be referred to as the left-eye light-transmitting window 50L.

[0040] (Outline of fire detector configuration) 4, the fire detector 12 is provided with a detector control unit 54, a transmission unit 56, a power supply unit 58, two sets of left and right fire detection units 60R, 60L, a test light emission driving unit 72, internal test light sources 74R, 75R and internal test light sources 74L, 75L used in sensitivity tests, and external test light sources 76R, 76L used in dirt tests. In the following description, the fire detection unit 60R may be referred to as the right eye fire detection unit 60R, and the fire detection unit 60L may be referred to as the left eye fire detection unit 60L.

[0041] The detector control unit 54 has a function realized by, for example, executing a program, and uses, as hardware, a computer circuit equipped with a CPU, memory, various input / output ports, and the like.

[0042] The transmission unit 56 is connected to the transmission unit 36 ​​of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in FIG. 2 by the serial transmission line S and the serial transmission common line SC of the transmission path 14, and transmits and receives various signals by serial transmission.

[0043] The power supply unit 58 receives power from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in Figure 2 via the power line B and power common line BC included in the transmission path 14, and is supplied with predetermined power supply voltages Vcc1 to Vcc5 divided into circuit blocks such as the detector control unit 54, transmission unit 56, two sets of fire detection units 60R and 60L (left and right), and test light emission drive unit 72.

[0044] Here, power supply voltage Vcc1 is supplied to the transmission unit 56, power supply voltage Vcc2 is supplied to the detector control unit 54, power supply voltage Vcc3 is supplied to the fire detection unit 60R, power supply voltage Vcc4 is supplied to the fire detection unit 60L, and power supply voltage Vcc5 is supplied to the test light emission driving unit 72.

[0045] A voltage and current detection unit 78 is provided on the power supply line from the power supply unit 58 to each circuit block, and detects the power supply voltage and current consumption for each circuit block and outputs the results to the detector control unit 54. The voltage and current detection unit 78 detects voltage by directly extracting the voltage of the power supply line, and detects current by inserting a low resistance for current detection into the power supply line and extracting the voltage across it as a current detection voltage.

[0046] The test light emission driver 72 is connected to internal test light sources 74R, 75R, 74L, and 75L used for sensitivity tests, and also to external test light sources 76R and 76L used for dirt tests, each of which is provided with an LED as a light emitting element.

[0047] (Fire detection section) The fire detection units 60R, 60L include sensor units 64, 68 and amplification processing units 66, 70. For example, in the case of the right eye fire detection unit 60R, a right eye light-transmitting window 50R provided on the detector cover is disposed in front of the sensor units 64, 68, and light energy from the external detection area is incident on the sensor units 64, 68 through the right eye light-transmitting window 50R.

[0048] The right eye fire detection unit 60R monitors fires, for example, by two-wavelength flame detection. The sensor unit 64 selectively transmits (passes) radiation of 4.4 to 4.5 μm, which is the resonance radiation band of CO2 specific to flames, from the light energy incident through the right eye light-transmitting window 50R using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, detects the energy of the radiation using a light receiving sensor and performs photoelectric conversion, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using an amplification processing unit 66 to convert it into a light receiving signal corresponding to the amount of energy and outputs it to the detector control unit 54.

[0049] The sensor unit 68 selectively transmits (passes) radiant energy of 5 to 6 μm from the light energy incident through the left eye transparent window 50L using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, detects the radiation energy using a light receiving sensor and performs photoelectric conversion, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using the amplification processing unit 70 to convert it into a received light signal corresponding to the amount of energy and outputs it to the detector control unit 54.

[0050] The amplification processing units 66 and 70 are provided with a preamplifier, a filter that passes the flame fluctuation frequency band, a power amplifier, and the like.

[0051] (Fire judgment) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a fire determination unit 80 as a function realized by executing a program. The fire determination unit 80, for example, determines the presence or absence of a flame by taking a relative ratio of the light reception values ​​(light reception signal levels) output from the amplification processing units 66, 70 of the right eye fire detection unit 60R and comparing it with a predetermined threshold value. When a fire is detected by determining that there is a flame, it instructs the transmission unit 56 to set fire detection information in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and controls the transmission to be transmitted to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0052] (Sensitivity test) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a sensitivity test unit 82 as a function realized by executing a program. The sensitivity test unit 82 operates when it receives a test signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, and instructs the test light emission driving unit 72 to sequentially drive the internal test light sources 74R, 75R, 74L, and 75L to emit light to perform a sensitivity test of the fire detection units 60R and 60L.

[0053] For example, in the case of a sensitivity test of the circuit system of the sensor unit 64 and the amplification processing unit 66 in the right eye fire detection unit 60R, the test light emission driving unit 72 drives the internal test light sources 74R and 75R to emit light, thereby causing simulated flame light equivalent to a fire flame to be incident on the sensor unit 64. The simulated flame light from the internal test light source 74R contains radiation energy of 4.4 to 4.5 μm that is specific to a flame and received by the sensor unit 64, and 5 to 6 μm that is received by the sensor unit 68, and has a fluctuation frequency of 8 to 12 Hz that is specific to a flame.

[0054] The sensitivity test section 82 performs a sensitivity test for each of the circuit blocks of the sensor section 64 and the amplification processing section 66, and the circuit block of the sensor section 68 and the amplification processing section .

[0055] For example, in the sensitivity test of the circuit blocks of the sensor unit 64 and the amplification processing unit 66, a reference light reception value that is initially set at the time of shipment from the factory is stored in memory, and the detected light reception value obtained in the sensitivity test at system startup matches the reference light reception value, and the detection sensitivity obtained by dividing the detected light reception value by the reference light reception value is 1. As the operation period passes, the detected light reception value gradually decreases, and the detection sensitivity decreases to 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, and so on.

[0056] In this manner, when the detection sensitivity falls below 1, the sensitivity testing unit 82 determines the detection sensitivity through a sensitivity test, and also determines a correction value which is the inverse of the detection sensitivity and stores it in memory. The sensitivity is then corrected by multiplying the received light value detected during subsequent operation by the correction value, and the fire judgment unit 80 judges a fire based on the sensitivity-corrected received light value.

[0057] Furthermore, the sensitivity test unit 82 is preset with a sensitivity threshold value corresponding to the limit at which sensitivity correction becomes impossible, for example a sensitivity threshold value of 0.5, and when the detection sensitivity determined in the sensitivity test is equal to or lower than the sensitivity threshold value, it determines that the failure is due to an abnormality in the sensitivity of the sensor unit 64, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set sensor failure information in a response signal to a call signal matching its own address and transmit the response signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. Note that in order to ensure a reliable determination of sensor failure, the sensitivity test unit 82 may transmit a response signal setting the sensor failure if it determines that the failure is due to an abnormality in sensitivity multiple times in succession.

[0058] In addition, the sensitivity test unit 82 is preset with a predetermined sensitivity abnormality warning threshold that is greater than the sensitivity threshold, for example a warning threshold of 0.6, and if the detection sensitivity obtained in the sensitivity test is equal to or lower than the sensitivity abnormality warning threshold, it determines that a failure due to sensitivity abnormality in the sensor unit 64 is imminent, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set sensitivity abnormality warning information in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0059] A sensitivity test of the circuit system of the sensor section 68 and the amplification processing section 70 in the left fire detection section 60L is also performed in a similar manner by driving the internal test light sources 74L and 75L to emit light using the test light emission driving section 72.

[0060] (Stain test) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a dirt test unit 84 as a function realized by executing a program. The dirt test unit 84 operates when it receives a test signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, and instructs the test light emission driving unit 72 to sequentially drive the external test light sources 76R, 76L to emit light to perform a dirt test on the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L.

[0061] For example, in the case of a stain test on the light-transmitting window 50R, the test light emission driving unit 72 drives the external test light source 76R to emit light, thereby causing simulated flame light equivalent to a fire flame to be incident on the sensor unit 64 through the light-transmitting window 50R. The simulated flame light from the external test light source 76R contains radiation energy of 4.4 to 4.5 μm specific to a flame received by the sensor unit 64 and 5 to 6 μm received by the sensor unit 68, and has a fluctuation frequency of 8 to 12 Hz specific to a flame.

[0062] The light-transmitting window 50R is free of dirt when shipped from the factory, and the light reception value obtained in a dirt test at that time is stored in memory as a reference light reception value, which is used to calculate the light attenuation rate.

[0063] The detected light reception value obtained in the dirt test at system startup matches the reference light reception value, and the light attenuation rate obtained by subtracting the detected light reception value from the reference light reception value and dividing the value by the reference light reception value is 0. As the operation period passes, dirt adheres to the light-transmitting window 50R, and the light attenuation rate gradually increases to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and so on.

[0064] When the light attenuation rate increases in this way, the dirt test unit 84 determines the light attenuation rate by a dirt test, and also determines a correction value which is the reciprocal of (1-light attenuation rate) and stores it in memory, and then performs dirt correction by dividing the light reception value detected in the subsequent operating state (light reception value corrected by the correction value of the sensitivity test) by the correction value, and the fire judgment unit 80 judges a fire based on the dirt-corrected light reception value. Note that the light reception value detected in the operating state is corrected by the correction value obtained in the sensitivity test described above and the correction value obtained in the dirt test.

[0065] The dirt test unit 84 also has a preset dirt threshold, for example a dirt threshold of 0.5, which is the light attenuation rate corresponding to the limit at which dirt correction is impossible. If the light attenuation rate found in the dirt test is equal to or exceeds the dirt threshold, it determines that there is a dirt abnormality that makes it impossible to correct the dirt on the translucent window 50R, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set dirt abnormality information in the response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0066] In addition, the sensitivity test unit 82 is preset with a predetermined dirt warning threshold smaller than the dirt threshold, for example a dirt warning threshold of 0.4, and when the light attenuation rate obtained in the dirt test is equal to or exceeds the dirt warning threshold, it determines that a dirt abnormality is imminent and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set dirt abnormality warning information in a response signal to a call signal matching its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0067] (Deterioration test) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a deterioration test unit 86 as a function realized by executing a program.

[0068] When the deterioration test unit 86 receives a test signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56 and the sensitivity test unit 82 and the dirt test unit 84 operate sequentially to perform sensitivity tests and dirt tests, the deterioration test unit 86 periodically reads the detection signals of the power supply voltages Vcc1 to Vcc5 and the consumption currents (power supply currents) Icc1 to Icc5 during the test detected by the voltage and current detection unit 78 provided on the power supply line to each circuit block from the A / D conversion port and stores them in memory, then calculates the average values ​​of the multiple power supply voltages and consumption currents stored in the memory as the internal voltages and consumption currents of each circuit block, determines a deterioration abnormality from the change in the measured internal voltage or consumption current, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set deterioration failure information in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmits the response signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0069] In this embodiment, it is assumed that the internal voltage and current consumption will decrease with the deterioration of each circuit block of the fire detector 12. For this reason, the internal voltage and current consumption of each circuit block measured by testing before shipping from the factory are stored as reference values ​​in the memory of the detector control unit 54, and predetermined voltage thresholds and current thresholds that determine how much the voltage and current consumption must decrease from these reference values ​​before it is determined that there is an abnormality due to deterioration are also stored in advance, and further, predetermined warning voltage thresholds and warning current thresholds for warning before determining that there is an abnormality due to deterioration are also stored in advance.

[0070] The deterioration test unit 86 has a function as an abnormality determination unit that determines a deterioration abnormality, and when the internal voltage measured for each circuit block is equal to or falls below a predetermined voltage threshold, or when the measured current consumption is equal to or falls below a predetermined current threshold, it determines that a deterioration abnormality has occurred, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set deterioration failure information in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmit the response signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. Note that, in order to ensure the determination of a deterioration abnormality, the deterioration test unit 86 may transmit a response signal setting deterioration failure information when it determines that a deterioration abnormality has occurred multiple times in succession.

[0071] In addition, if the internal voltage of a circuit block measured through the sensitivity test and the dirt test is below the predicted voltage threshold or falls below the predicted voltage threshold, or if the measured current consumption is below the predicted current threshold or falls below the predicted current threshold, the deterioration test unit 86 determines that the circuit block is nearing a deterioration abnormality and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set prediction information for the deterioration abnormality in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0072] The deterioration test by the deterioration test section 86 may measure only the internal voltage or current consumption to determine the degree of deterioration in the same manner as described above.

[0073] [Disaster prevention monitoring system operation] (Disaster prevention receiving panel operation) FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the control operation of the disaster prevention receiving panel, which is the control operation by the panel control unit 34 provided in the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 of FIG.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 5, when the power supply to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is turned on to start up the system, the panel control unit 34 performs a predetermined initialization process in step S1, and then proceeds to step S2 to perform a fire monitoring process.

[0075] As the fire monitoring process in step S2, the panel control unit 34 instructs the transmission units 36a, 36b to transmit call signals with sequentially specified addresses to the transmission paths 14a, 14b, and receives and processes response signals transmitted from the fire detectors 12 with matching addresses. Here, when the panel control unit 34 detects a fire by receiving a response signal, it causes the alarm unit 38 to output a fire alarm and instructs interlocking control of other equipment via the IO unit 46, and also controls the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 shown in Fig. 1 to transmit a fire detection signal via the modem 44 to output a fire alarm.

[0076] Next, when the panel control unit 34 determines in step S3 that a specified test timing, for example once a day, has been reached, it proceeds to step S4 and transmits a test signal containing a test instruction command specifying the address of the first fire detector 12 that has been initially set up, and causes the fire detector 12 to perform a sensitivity test, a dirt test, and a deterioration test.

[0077] Next, the process proceeds to step S5, where if the panel control unit 34 determines that a response signal containing the test result has been received from the fire detector 12 for which a test was instructed, the process proceeds to step S6, where the test result is notified and stored.

[0078] As a test result of step S6, if the panel control unit 34 obtains sensitivity abnormality warning information from the response signal, it instructs the alarm unit 38 and the display unit 40 to output and display a sensitivity abnormality warning alarm, and even to print it out, and also sends a sensitivity abnormality warning signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1 to output a sensitivity abnormality warning alarm.

[0079] In addition, if sensor failure information is obtained from the response signal after issuing a sensitivity abnormality warning alarm, the panel control unit 34 instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to output and display a sensor failure alarm, and even print it out, and also sends a sensor failure signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1 to output a sensor failure alarm.

[0080] On the other hand, if the test result of step S6 indicates that a contamination abnormality has been obtained from the response signal, the panel control unit 34 instructs the alarm unit 38 and the display unit 40 to output and display a contamination abnormality warning alarm, and even to print it out, and also sends a contamination abnormality warning signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG substation equipment 20 shown in Figure 1 to output a contamination abnormality warning alarm.

[0081] In addition, when the panel control unit 34 obtains dirt abnormality information from the response signal, it instructs the alarm unit 38 and the display unit 40 to output and display a dirt alarm, and even print it out, and also sends a dirt abnormality signal from the modem 44 via the IG child station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32, which then outputs a dirt abnormality alarm, and cleaning work is performed on the translucent window.

[0082] Furthermore, if deterioration abnormality warning information is obtained from the response signal as a test result of step S6, the panel control unit 34 instructs the alarm unit 38 and the display unit 40 to output and display a deterioration abnormality warning alarm, and even to print it out, and also sends a deterioration abnormality warning signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG child station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1 to output a deterioration abnormality warning alarm.

[0083] In addition, when deterioration abnormality information is obtained from the response signal, the panel control unit 34 instructs the alarm unit 38 and display unit 40 to output and display a deterioration alarm, and even print it out, and also sends a deterioration abnormality signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG child station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1 to output a deterioration abnormality alarm, and measures such as replacing the detector with a spare fire detector are taken.

[0084] Then, the process proceeds to step S7, and the processes of steps S4 to S7 are repeated until it is determined that testing of all addresses of the fire detector 12 has been completed.

[0085] (Fire detector operation) FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the control operation of the fire detector, which is the control operation by the detector control section 54 provided in the fire detector 12 of FIG.

[0086] As shown in FIG. 6, when the fire detector 12 is started up by receiving power from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, the detector control unit 54 performs a predetermined initialization process in step S11 and then proceeds to step S12 to perform a fire determination process.

[0087] As part of the fire detection process in step S12, the detector control unit 54 reads the received light value output from the amplification processing units 66, 70 of the fire detection units 60R, 60L, corrects the received light value using the correction value obtained in the sensitivity test and the correction value obtained in the dirt test, then calculates the ratio of the two, and if a predetermined threshold is exceeded, it determines that a fire has occurred, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set fire detection information in a response signal to the reception of a call signal specifying its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0088] Next, when the detector control unit 54 determines in step S13 that it has received a test signal addressing its own address, it performs sensitivity test processing, dirt test processing, and deterioration test processing in steps S14 to S16, and transmits the test results for each test processing to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via a response signal.

[0089] That is, in the sensitivity test processing of step S14, the detector control unit 54 instructs the test light emission driving unit 72 to drive the internal test light sources 74R, 75R, 74L, 75L to emit light, and by irradiating the flame test light to the sensor units 64, 68, it reads the detected light reception value output from the amplification processing units 66, 70, calculates the detection sensitivity based on the reference light reception value, and calculates a sensitivity correction value and stores it in memory. Also, if the detection sensitivity is below the sensitivity abnormality warning threshold, it instructs the transmission unit 56 to send a response signal setting the sensitivity abnormality warning information to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and further, if the detection sensitivity is below the sensitivity abnormality threshold, it instructs the transmission unit 56 to send a response signal setting the sensor malfunction information to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0090] In addition, in the dirt test processing of step S15, the detector control unit 54 instructs the test light emission driving unit 72 to drive the external test light sources 76R, 76L to emit light, and causes the flame test light to be incident on the sensor units 64, 68 through the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L, and, for example, reads the received light value output from the amplification processing unit 66, calculates the light extinction rate based on the reference received light value, and calculates a dirt correction value and stores it in memory.If the light extinction rate is equal to or greater than the dirt abnormality warning threshold, it instructs the transmission unit 56 to transmit a response signal in which the dirt abnormality warning information is set to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and further, if the light extinction rate is equal to or less than the dirt abnormality threshold, it instructs the transmission unit 56 to transmit a response signal in which the dirt abnormality information is set to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0091] Furthermore, in the deterioration test processing of step S16, the internal voltage and current consumption for each circuit block in the sensitivity test of step S14 and the dirt test of step S15 are determined based on the detection signal of the voltage and current detection unit 78, and if the internal voltage is below the predicted voltage threshold or the current consumption is below the predicted current threshold, the transmission unit 56 is instructed to transmit a response signal in which deterioration abnormality prediction information is set to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and further, if the internal voltage is below the voltage threshold or the current consumption is below the current threshold, the transmission unit 56 is instructed to transmit a response signal in which deterioration abnormality information is set to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0092] [An embodiment for determining deterioration abnormalities using a disaster prevention receiving panel] As another embodiment of the tunnel disaster prevention system, the deterioration test section 86 provided in the detector control section 54 of the fire detector 12 shown in Fig. 4 measures the internal voltage and current consumption in the sensitivity test and the dirt test, and transmits a response signal in which the measured values ​​of the internal voltage and current consumption are set to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and the panel control section 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in Fig. 2 is provided with the function of an abnormality judgment section for judging deterioration abnormality, and the deterioration of the detector circuit section is judged from the measured values ​​of the internal voltage and current consumption during the test received from the fire detector 12 by the panel control section 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. For this reason, the memory of the panel control section 34 is preset with predetermined voltage threshold and current threshold for judging deterioration abnormality, and predetermined warning voltage threshold and warning current threshold that are larger than those.

[0093] The panel control unit 34 judges the deterioration of the detector circuit unit in the same way as the deterioration testing unit 86 of the fire detector 12. When the internal voltage measured for each circuit block of the fire detector 12 is below the predicted voltage threshold or falls below the predicted voltage threshold, or when the measured current consumption is below the predicted current threshold or falls below the predicted current threshold, the panel control unit 34 judges that the circuit block is about to undergo a deterioration failure, and issues a deterioration abnormality warning alert specifying the address of the fire detector 12 by an alarm sound, display, or printout from the display unit 40, and transmits the warning alert from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG substation equipment 20 shown in Figure 1 to warn of the deterioration abnormality warning.

[0094] In addition, if the internal voltage measured for each circuit block of the fire detector 12 is below a predetermined voltage threshold or falls below the voltage threshold, or if the measured current consumption is below a predetermined current threshold or falls below the current threshold, the panel control unit 34 determines that a deterioration abnormality has occurred, and causes the display unit 40 to issue an alarm sounding an abnormality deterioration warning with the specified fire detector address, or by displaying or printing an alarm, and transmits the alarm sounding an abnormality deterioration warning to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the modem 44 and the IG substation equipment 20 shown in Figure 1 to notify of the deterioration abnormality.

[0095] The panel control unit 34 also stores in memory the measured values ​​of the internal voltage and current consumption received from the fire detector 12 as chronological log information, and for example, based on a predetermined log output operation, the measured values ​​of the internal voltage and current consumption in chronological order in the address order of the fire detector 12 can be displayed as a list on a display or printed out by a printer, making it possible to determine the degree of deterioration of the fire detector 12 in address order. In this case, the chronological arrangement can be made in units of days, weeks, months, or even a specified number of days, making it possible to emphasize changes in the internal voltage and current consumption due to deterioration.

[0096] Furthermore, the output format of the log information may be a graph display with the time axis as the horizontal axis and the voltage and current consumption as the vertical axis, in addition to the numerical display of the internal voltage and current consumption.

[0097] Furthermore, the panel control unit 34 performs control to change the threshold value for determining a deterioration abnormality and the advance notice threshold value for determining an advance notice of a deterioration abnormality based on the operation of the operation unit 42 using the display of the display unit 40. The control to change the threshold value and advance notice threshold value can change the threshold value and advance notice threshold value of all fire detectors 12 at once, or can change the threshold value and advance notice threshold value of a specific fire detector 12 by specifying an address.

[0098] [Modifications of the present invention] (Fire detector) The above embodiment has been described as an example of a two-wavelength fire detector, but other methods may be used. For example, a three-wavelength flame detector may be used which detects radiation energy in a wavelength band around 3.8 μm, which is on the shorter wavelength side of the 4.4 to 4.5 μm band that is the resonant radiation band of CO2, in addition to the two wavelengths mentioned above, in a similar manner to the two-wavelength type, and determines the presence or absence of a flame based on the relative ratio of the received light signals in these three wavelength bands.

[0099] (Stain test) In the above embodiment, the light extinction rate is calculated using the light reception value obtained by the test light from the external test light sources 76R, 76L using the sensor unit 64 and amplification processing unit 66 provided in the fire detection units 60R, 60L. However, it is also possible to provide a sensor unit and amplification processing unit dedicated to dirt testing and calculate the light extinction rate from the light reception value of the test light from the external test light sources 76R, 76L.

[0100] (Deterioration test) In the above embodiment, the degree of deterioration is determined on the assumption that deterioration of the circuit blocks of the fire detector 12 will result in a decrease in internal voltage and current consumption, and the degree of deterioration is determined based on this assumption. However, since it is expected that the current consumption will increase depending on the circuit block due to leakage current caused by reduced insulation, for example, a current threshold value higher than a predetermined standard current consumption may be set for the current consumption, and if the current consumption is equal to or exceeds this current threshold, it may be determined that a deterioration abnormality has occurred and an alarm for deterioration abnormality is output.

[0101] (Measurement of internal voltage and current consumption of fire detector) In the above embodiment, the power supply voltage and power supply current supplied to each circuit block from the power supply unit 58 of the fire detector 12 are measured as an internal voltage and a current consumption to determine the degree of deterioration, but the power supply voltage and power supply current supplied to all circuit units from the power supply unit 58 may be measured as an internal voltage and a current consumption to determine the degree of deterioration. This requires only one voltage / current detection unit 78, simplifying the circuit configuration and measurement processing.

[0102] In addition, the internal voltage and current consumption used to judge the deterioration of the circuit are measured during the sensitivity test and the dirt test, but they may be measured during any other appropriate fire detector test. Furthermore, in addition to measuring the internal voltage and current consumption during the fire detector test, the internal voltage and current consumption may be measured during a normal monitoring state when no test is being performed to judge the degree of deterioration of the circuit.

[0103] (Show Abnormality List) In addition, in order to notify abnormalities by the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, a list of abnormalities and a list of contamination alarms may be displayed on the same list.

[0104] (Handling of deteriorated and abnormal fire detectors) In addition, the fire detection result of a degraded or abnormal fire detector may be set not to be used on the disaster prevention receiving panel side. This makes it possible to monitor fires using only normal detection results, and reduces false fire reports. In addition, in the above, it is preferable to perform a minimum level of monitoring by controlling not to use the fire detection result of the degraded or abnormal fire detector only when there is no abnormality in the adjacent detectors that overlap the detection range.

[0105] (Fire detector indicator light) Also, a fire detector may be provided with an indicator light that will light up when an abnormality occurs. This allows workers at the scene to know at a glance which fire detector they should deal with. The abnormality indicator may be set to light up only when a light-emission permission signal is output from the disaster prevention receiving panel. This means that the abnormality indicator will not light up during normal use, so the driver and others will not be drawn to it. Also, by only lighting up during inspection, the abnormality can be recognized at a glance during inspection, and it is possible to light up with an amount of light that will attract attention.

[0106] (Fire detector log) The fire detector may also store the current consumption, internal voltage, and deterioration detection status as a log in its own memory. The fire detector is connected to an external device such as an address setting device, and the log data stored in the memory is read out.

[0107] (others) Furthermore, the present invention includes appropriate modifications that do not impair the objects and advantages of the present invention, and is not limited to the numerical values ​​shown in the above embodiment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0108] 1a: Up line tunnel 1b: Down line tunnel 10: Disaster prevention receiving panel 12: Fire detector 14, 14a, 14b: Transmission line 16: Fire pump equipment 18: Cooling pump equipment 20:IG slave station equipment 22: Ventilation equipment 24: Alarm display board equipment 26: Radio rebroadcasting equipment 28: TV surveillance equipment 30: Lighting equipment 32: Remote monitoring and control equipment 34: Panel control unit 36, 36a, 36b, 56: Transmission section 46: IO Department 50R,50L: Translucent window 51: Sensor storage section 52R, 52L: Light-transmitting window for test light source 54: Detector control unit 58: Power supply section 60R, 60L: Fire detection unit 64, 68: Sensor section 66, 70: Amplification processing section 72: Test light emission driver 74R, 74L, 75R, 75L: Internal test light source 76R, 76L: External test light source 78: Voltage and current detection section 80: Fire judgment department 82: Sensitivity test section 84: Soil test section 86: Deterioration test section

Claims

1. A disaster prevention system including a fire detector that detects light energy from a fire in a detection area using a light receiving sensor, An abnormality determination unit is provided that determines a deterioration abnormality of the functional component that is recognized as a deterioration state prior to a malfunction abnormality that is a malfunction state of at least the functional component that constitutes the fire detector, The disaster prevention system is characterized in that the abnormality determination unit obtains information regarding the voltage or current related to the operation of the functional component unit, which is different from both the information regarding the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and the information regarding the dirt on the light-transmitting window, during a sensitivity test that tests the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and during a dirt test that is a test different from the sensitivity test that monitors dirt on a light-transmitting window through which the light energy from the outside passes when it is incident on the light receiving sensor, and determines the deterioration abnormality based on the information regarding the voltage or current.

2. The disaster prevention system according to claim 1, A disaster prevention system characterized in that the abnormality judgment unit is capable of identifying the functional component in which the deterioration abnormality has occurred by judging the deterioration abnormality for each of the multiple functional components that are the target of judgment of the deterioration abnormality of the fire detector.

3. A fire detector that detects light energy from a fire in a detection area with a light receiving sensor, An abnormality determination unit is provided that determines a deterioration abnormality of the functional component that is recognized as a deterioration state prior to a malfunction abnormality that is a malfunction state of at least the functional component that constitutes the fire detector, This fire detector is characterized in that the abnormality determination unit obtains information regarding the voltage or current related to the operation of the functional component, which is different from both the information regarding the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and the information regarding the dirt on the light-transmitting window, during a sensitivity test that tests the detection sensitivity of the light receiving sensor and during a dirt test that is a test different from the sensitivity test and that monitors dirt on a light-transmitting window through which the light energy from the outside passes when it is incident on the light receiving sensor, and determines the deterioration abnormality based on the information regarding the voltage or current.

4. 4. The fire detector according to claim 3, The fire detector is characterized in that the abnormality determination unit is capable of identifying the functional component in which the deterioration abnormality has occurred by determining the deterioration abnormality for each of the multiple functional components that are the target of the deterioration abnormality determination for the fire detector.

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