Aerosol collection device

Abstract

To efficiently collect aerosol particulates contained in a gas.SOLUTION: An aerosol collection device for collecting aerosol includes: a circulation part for circulating a gas containing aerosol; and a droplet jetting part for jetting a droplet toward a detachment region where a gas flow in the circulation part detaches.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an aerosol collection device and a method for installing the aerosol collection device. [Background technology]

[0002] Some of the harmful substances generated during the decommissioning of nuclear power-related facilities, reprocessing plants, medical waste facilities, and dismantling of hazardous waste indoors, such as industrial waste, become fine aerosol particles. The aerosol particles are dispersed indoors. Aerosol particles are also generated in plants that transport gaseous fluids, such as chemical plants and power plants. As a structure for collecting aerosol particles, there is a mechanism that includes a circulation mechanism that circulates gas indoors and a filter arranged in the gas circulation path. Alternatively, there is a mechanism that includes a condenser, a filter, and a blower in the gas exhaust system.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a spray system that normally sprays a liquid to provide a temperature-lowering function, but when fine particles such as smoke are generated, can switch to a spray that electrically charges the mist to remove the fine particles. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2014-188284 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In the mechanism for circulating gas indoors or the gas exhaust system, the structure for collecting aerosol particles using a filter is prone to clogging of the filter. Also, aerosol particles floating in places other than the gas circulation path may not be collected. Also, there is a limit to the improvement of the efficiency of collecting aerosol particles by only generating mist as in Patent Document 1.

[0006] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of such problems, and has an object to provide an aerosol collecting device and a method for installing the aerosol collecting device that can efficiently collect aerosol particles contained in gas. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The aerosol collection device of the present disclosure, which solves the above problems, is an aerosol collection device that collects aerosols, and includes a circulation section that circulates gas containing an aerosol, and a droplet ejection section that ejects droplets toward a separation area where the gas flow in the circulation section separates.

[0008] The aerosol collection device of the present disclosure for solving the above problems is an aerosol collection device that collects aerosols, and includes a fluid injection section that injects fluid and causes gas containing aerosols to flow in a predetermined direction by an ejector effect, and a collection section that is arranged in the flow direction of the gas formed by the fluid injection section and collects the aerosols.

[0009] The aerosol collection device of the present disclosure for solving the above problems is an aerosol collection device that collects aerosol generated from an aerosol generation source inside a partition placed inside a container, and includes a piping section connected to an opening of the partition formed vertically above the aerosol generation source, a cylindrical housing with both ends open and installed at the opening of the piping section, a fluid injection section that is placed inside the housing and sprays a fluid containing droplets and causes a gas containing aerosol to flow in a predetermined direction by an ejector effect, and a circulation promotion section that sprays a spray in a direction that increases the circulating flow between the housing and the partition.

[0010] The aerosol collection device of the present disclosure for solving the above problems is an aerosol collection device that collects aerosols, and includes a fluid injection unit that injects fluid and causes a gas containing aerosols to flow in a predetermined direction by an ejector effect, and a collection unit that is arranged vertically below the fluid injection unit and collects the aerosol, and the collection unit includes a hollow housing, a first electrode arranged inside the housing, a second electrode arranged inside the housing, a power source that applies a voltage to the first electrode, and a grounding unit to which the housing and the second electrode are attached.

[0011] The aerosol collection device installation method of the present disclosure for solving the above-mentioned problems includes a fluid injection unit that injects fluid and causes aerosol-containing gas to flow in a predetermined direction by the ejector effect, and a collection unit that is arranged vertically below the fluid injection unit and collects the aerosol, the collection unit including a hollow casing, a first electrode arranged inside the casing, a second electrode arranged inside the casing, a power source that applies a voltage to the first electrode, and a grounding unit for mounting the casing and the second electrode, the method including the steps of fixing the collection unit to a building, and, after installing the collection unit, fixing the fluid injection unit to a member other than the support to which the collection unit is fixed. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present disclosure, aerosol particles can be efficiently collected by spraying gas containing water droplets onto aerosol contained in gas. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol generating device including an aerosol collecting device according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the aerosol collecting device according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of an auxiliary ejection portion of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another application example of the aerosol collecting device. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another application example of the aerosol collecting device. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the aerosol collecting device according to the second embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the second embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a top view of an aerosol generation device including an aerosol collection device of the third embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the aerosol generating device shown in FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a top view of an aerosol generating device according to a modified example of the third embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the aerosol generating device shown in FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a top view of an aerosol generating device according to a modified example of the third embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the aerosol generating device shown in FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an aerosol generating device according to a modified example of the third embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the aerosol collecting device according to the fourth embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a method for installing the aerosol collecting device according to the fourth embodiment. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing a connection state of the electrodes of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. [Figure 23A] FIG. 23A is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 23B] FIG. 23B is a schematic diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. 23A. [Figure 24A] FIG. 24A is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 24B] FIG. 24B is a schematic diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. 24A. [Figure 25A] FIG. 25A is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 25B] FIG. 25B is a schematic diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. 25A. [Figure 26A] FIG. 26A is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 26B] FIG. 26B is a schematic diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. 26A. [Figure 27] FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] The aerosol collection device and the aerosol collection device installation method according to the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the description in this disclosure is an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, in this embodiment, the target section is filled with gas, but the same function and processing can be realized when the target section is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen, or when gas and an inert gas are mixed.

[0015] [First embodiment] 1 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol generation apparatus including an aerosol collection apparatus according to a first embodiment. The aerosol generation apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment includes a building 12, an aerosol generation source 14, a circulation mechanism 16, and an aerosol collection apparatus 20.

[0016] The building 12 is a partitioned space so that gas in the building 12 does not circulate with the outside. The building 12 may be an existing structure, or may be a structure installed to prevent aerosol-containing substances generated from the aerosol source 14 from scattering. The building 12 has an internal space covered with a floor, walls, and a ceiling, in which the aerosol source 14 and an aerosol collector 20 are arranged. A circulation mechanism 16 is connected to the building 12. The gas in the building 12 is composed of air, unless otherwise specified. In addition, when the building 12 is purged with nitrogen, the gas in the building 12 becomes nitrogen-rich. In this case, the gas in the building 12 contains less oxygen and water vapor. Each wall of the building 12 may be temperature-adjustable.

[0017] The aerosol generating source 14 is disposed inside the building 12. In this embodiment, the aerosol generating source 14 is provided in the center of the floor of the building 12. The location of the aerosol generating source 14 inside the building 12 is not particularly limited. The aerosol generating source 14 is, for example, a processing device, and when processing an object, an aerosol containing a harmful substance is discharged into the building 12. The aerosol generating source 14 may be a processing device that performs processing in water. The aerosol may contain a harmful substance. For example, when the object to be processed is an object contaminated with a radioactive substance, the harmful substance is a radioactive substance.

[0018] The circulation mechanism 16 circulates the gas within the building 12, and collects aerosol particles with a HEPA filter 26 arranged in the circulation path, thereby reducing the aerosol particles contained in the gas (air) within the building 12. The circulation mechanism 16 has a circulation pipe 22, a condenser 24, a HEPA filter 26, and a blower 28. Both ends of the circulation pipe 22 are connected to the building 12, one of which is an intake port and the other is an outlet port. The condenser 24, the HEPA filter 26, and the blower 28 are arranged in the circulation pipe 22. The circulation mechanism 16 performs ventilation (purification) by collecting aerosol particles from the gas sucked in from the intake port with a filter, and then sends the gas out again into the building 12 from the outlet port, performing so-called circulation ventilation.

[0019] The condensation unit 24 condenses and removes moisture contained in the sucked gas. The condensation unit 24 is, for example, a mist catcher. The inner walls of the portion connected to the suction port of the circulation pipe 22 and the portion where the condensation unit 24 is arranged may have a slope so that the attached droplets fall toward the building 12 side.

[0020] The HEPA filter 26 collects dust containing aerosol particles in the sucked gas. The HEPA filter 26 is a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filter. In this embodiment, the filter is a HEPA filter, but it is sufficient if it can collect dust containing aerosol particles.

[0021] The blower 28 is a blower fan that blows air in a blowing direction. The blower 28 blows the gas ventilated by the HEPA filter 26 in the circulation pipe 22 in the direction of the outlet, sucks it in from the suction port, passes through the circulation pipe 22, and forms a gas flow that is exhausted from the outlet.

[0022] The gas in the building 12 is sucked into the suction port and discharged from the blowing port, thereby forming an airflow (hereinafter referred to as a "circulating flow") that is discharged from the blowing port and heads toward the suction port within the building 12. The circulating flow forms a gas flow from the aerosol generation source 14 toward the suction port within the building 12.

[0023] <Aerosol collection device> FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the aerosol collecting device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of the auxiliary jetting unit of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. 2. The aerosol collecting device 20 is arranged inside the building 12. The aerosol collecting device 20 of this embodiment is arranged closer to the suction port than the aerosol generating source 14. The arrangement position of the aerosol collecting device 20 is not limited to the suction port side than the aerosol generating source 14. For example, the aerosol collecting device 20 may be arranged between the aerosol generating source 14 and the blowing port. The aerosol collecting device 20 may also be arranged vertically above the aerosol generating source 14. The aerosol collecting device 20 sucks in gas containing aerosol particles, and sprays liquid droplets toward the gas containing aerosol particles, that is, performs water jet spraying, thereby collecting aerosol particles with liquid droplets. The gas is sucked in by the water jet spraying. The number of aerosol collecting devices 20 installed is not limited to one, and a plurality of aerosol collecting devices 20 may be arranged in the building 12.

[0024] The aerosol collection device 20 includes a housing 30, an inlet section 32, an ejection section 34, and an auxiliary ejection section 36. The housing 30 is a cylindrical structure connected to the inlet section 32. An opening 44 is formed in the housing 30 at the connection portion with the inlet section 32. The end of the housing 30 on the opening 44 side is formed with a widened portion in which the opening diameter of the cylinder is larger than that on the inlet section 32 side. The surface on which the opening 44 is formed is the widened surface 46. The end of the housing 30 opposite to the opening 44 is also an opening. The housing 30 of this embodiment has a cylindrical structure with walls formed of plate-shaped members in order to enhance the effect of the ejection section 34, but may have a mesh structure to allow a certain amount of gas to pass through.

[0025] The inlet section 32 is a pipe connected to the opening 44, and an inlet 40 is formed in the inlet section 32. In the aerosol collection section 20, gas flows from the inlet 40 into the inside of the inlet section 32, passes through the opening 40, and flows into the inside of the housing 30.

[0026] The ejection unit 34 is a droplet sending unit, and generates and ejects droplets for collecting aerosols. The ejection unit 34 generates droplets having a diameter of, for example, 10 μm or more and 500 μm or less. The ejection unit 34 is disposed in the inlet unit 32 and vertically above the opening 44. The ejection unit 34 ejects droplets downward. The ejection speed of the ejection unit 34 is, for example, 100 m / sec or more, and is up to 300 m / sec. The ejection unit 34 ejects droplets at a predetermined flow rate or more, and forms a gas flow (induced flow) that draws gas into the housing 30 and the inlet unit 32 by the ejector effect. Here, the induced flow preferably has a gas flow rate 10 times or more larger than the gas flow rate of the circulation mechanism 16 and the gas flow rate of the building 12. The ejection unit 34 is connected to a water supply source and a pump (not shown). The same applies to the ejection section and auxiliary ejection section which eject droplets.

[0027] The auxiliary jetting section 36 is a droplet sending section, which generates droplets and sprays a mixed flow of droplets and gas. The auxiliary jetting section 36 is disposed on the widening surface 46, and similarly to the jetting section 34, jets droplets vertically downward. The auxiliary jetting sections 36 are disposed at four locations on the widening section 46 so as to surround the jetting section 34 when viewed from the jetting direction. The number of auxiliary jetting sections 36 is not limited to four, and may be any number. The auxiliary jetting sections 36 may be disposed symmetrically on the widening section 46 to stabilize the flow of the fluid, but is not limited thereto. For example, when the auxiliary jetting sections 36 cannot be disposed symmetrically, an even number of them may be disposed at asymmetric positions.

[0028] The aerosol collecting device 20 can form an induced flow by ejecting droplets from the ejection unit 34, and can draw gas containing aerosol particles into the housing 30. In addition, by ejecting droplets, the aerosol particles can be captured by the droplets. The aerosol collecting device 20 can efficiently attract the aerosol particles to the region where the aerosol particles are to be captured, and can efficiently capture the aerosol particles in the compartment.

[0029] The aerosol collecting device 20 can increase the cross-sectional area in the gas flow direction while shortening the length in the gas flow direction by providing an expanded portion at the connection portion between the inlet portion 32 and the housing 32. This allows the device to be made smaller. The aerosol collecting device 20 can inject droplets from the auxiliary injection portion 36 toward the expanded portion of the space through which the gas flows in the aerosol collecting device 20, that is, toward the area where the opening area of ​​the flow path is increased, by arranging the auxiliary injection portion 36 on the expanded surface 46. This allows the same flow of gas formed by the injection portion 34, which is a vertically downward flow in this embodiment, to be formed in the expanded portion. This prevents pressure loss due to separation of the gas flow in the expanded portion and gas retention (circulating flow with a slow gas flow rate, vortex), and allows a large flow toward the lower direction to be formed inside the housing 30, thereby increasing the attraction effect. In addition, the aerosol collection device 20 can increase the gas density of the fluid to be sprayed by spraying a fluid containing droplets from the auxiliary spray section 36, and can control the flow in the widened section with a small supply amount.

[0030] The aerosol collecting device 20 preferably has a collecting section downstream of the casing 30 in the flow direction of the induced flow. The collecting section is a mechanism for collecting aerosol particles, such as a mist catcher that physically collides with droplets to collect them, or a mechanism that applies an electric field to collect aerosol particles on an electrode. The collecting section can be configured in various structures, which will be described later. By providing the auxiliary ejection section 36, the aerosol collecting device 20 can average the flow of the induced flow inside the casing 30, and can average the gas flow toward the collecting section.

[0031] In the above embodiment, the aerosol collecting device 20 is provided inside the building 12, but the present invention is not limited to this. The aerosol collecting device 20 can be applied to paths through which various gases containing particles flow, and the above-mentioned effects can be obtained by providing auxiliary injection units at various positions where separation or stagnation occurs in the gas flow. The aerosol collecting device 20 can also be used to control the flow of gas that does not contain aerosols. In this case, it can also be called a spray device.

[0032] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another application example of the aerosol collecting device. Fig. 4 shows an example in which the aerosol collecting device of this embodiment is arranged in a wet electrostatic precipitator 100. The wet electrostatic precipitator (aerosol collecting device) 100 shown in Fig. 4 is arranged downstream of a combustion furnace such as a thermal power plant or an incinerator, and collects fine dust such as ash contained in the exhaust gas. The wet electrostatic precipitator 100 includes a dust collecting section 102, a supply pipe 104, and an auxiliary injection section 106.

[0033] The dust collecting unit 102 forms an electric field in the area through which the exhaust gas passes, and collects fine particles (dust including aerosol particles) contained in the exhaust gas. The dust collecting unit 102 also sprays droplets of fine particles in the area through which the exhaust gas passes, and adds water to the fine particles (dust including aerosol particles) contained in the exhaust gas. The dust collecting unit 102 is composed of an injection unit 120, an electrode unit 122, an exhaust unit 124, and a cleaning unit 126. The injection unit 120 sprays droplets of fine particles in the area through which the exhaust gas passes. The electrode unit 122 has a plurality of electrodes with different voltages arranged alternately, and forms an electric field between the electrodes. One electrode can have various shapes such as a rod shape or a plate shape. The exhaust unit 124 collects the dust collected by the electrode 122. The cleaning unit 126 supplies a cleaning liquid toward the electrode unit 122, and moves the dust attached to the electrode 122 toward the exhaust unit 124.

[0034] The supply pipe 104 is connected to the dust collecting section 102 and supplies exhaust gas to the dust collecting section 102. The wall surface of the dust collecting section 102 connected to the supply pipe 104 becomes a widened section 108. The widened section 108 becomes a space having a larger area than the supply pipe 104 in a cross section in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.

[0035] The auxiliary injection unit 106 is connected to the widening unit 108, which is the surface of the dust collection unit 102 to which the supply pipe 104 is connected, at a position different from the supply pipe 104. The auxiliary injection unit 106 is a droplet sending unit that generates droplets and sprays a mixed flow of droplets and gas. The auxiliary injection unit 106 injects droplets in the same manner as the supply pipe 104. The auxiliary injection units 106 are arranged at multiple positions in the widening unit 108 so as to surround the supply pipe 104 when viewed from the injection direction.

[0036] In the wet electrostatic precipitator 100, the diameter of the supply pipe 104 is small, and the gas flow is fast. In the dust collecting section 102, in order to reduce the gas flow rate, a widening section 108 is provided at the inlet of the dust collecting section 102 to expand the flow path area. In the wet electrostatic precipitator 100, the auxiliary injection section 106 sprays a gas flow in the same direction as the inlet flow at the inlet of the dust collecting section 102, where the flow path expands, where the gas flow separates and forms a circulating flow (vortex). By providing the auxiliary injection section 106, the wet electrostatic precipitator 100 can suppress the separation and vortex that occur at the inlet of the dust collecting section 102 and reduce pressure loss. In addition, even if the flow path area is suddenly expanded by the widening section 108, the flow of the exhaust gas can be made appropriate, so the flow path area can be suddenly expanded by the widening section 108, and the size of the device can be reduced. In addition, since the flow of the exhaust gas can be controlled without providing a straightening plate or the like, the burden of maintenance, etc. can be reduced. The wet electrostatic precipitator 100 may collect spray water in the dust collection section 102 and resupply it to the spray using a pump.

[0037] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another application example of the aerosol collecting device. Fig. 5 shows a structure in which an auxiliary injection part 160 is provided in an area where the flow separates downstream of a curved part of the pipe, thereby reducing separation of the flow in the pipe. The pipe unit (aerosol collecting device) 150 shown in Fig. 5 includes a pipe 152 and an auxiliary injection unit 154. The pipe 152 is an L-shaped pipe having a curved part 156.

[0038] The auxiliary injection unit 154 includes an auxiliary injection part 160, a liquid recovery part 162, a liquid storage part 164, and a pump 166. The auxiliary injection part 160 is disposed on the inner curved surface side of the curved part 156 inside the pipe 152. The auxiliary injection part 160 sprays and injects liquid. The auxiliary injection part 160 sprays and injects liquid toward the downstream side of the gas flow in a direction along the surface of the pipe 152 downstream of the curved part 156. The liquid recovery part 162 is disposed downstream of the auxiliary injection part 160 in the gas flow direction. The liquid recovery part 162 is provided on the vertical lower surface of the pipe 152, and recovers the liquid that is injected from the auxiliary injection part 160, adheres to the wall surface inside the pipe 152, and moves to the liquid recovery part 162. The liquid storage part 164 stores the liquid to be injected by the auxiliary injection part 160. The liquid storage section 164 is supplied with the liquid recovered in the liquid recovery section 162. The pump 166 supplies the liquid in the liquid storage section 164 to the auxiliary ejection section 160.

[0039] In the auxiliary injection unit 154, the auxiliary injection part 160 sprays toward the inner curved surface of the curved part 156 and toward the downstream side of the gas flow. In the auxiliary injection unit 154, the liquid injected by the auxiliary injection part 160 is collected in the liquid collection part 162 and supplied to the liquid storage part 164, and then supplied to the liquid injection part 160 by the pump 166. In other words, the liquid circulates inside the auxiliary injection unit 154.

[0040] The piping unit 150 can supply liquid to the region where the gas flow is separated by spraying the auxiliary injection part 160 toward the inner curved surface of the curved part 156 and the downstream side of the gas flow. This can suppress the flow separation and vortex generation, which causes pressure loss, in the structure of the piping 152, and can suppress corrosion near the separation and reattachment points of the piping.

[0041] The piping unit 150 preferably sets the spray amount of the auxiliary jet unit 160 to be equal to the momentum of the fluid. When gas flows through the piping, the momentum is gas density x gas flow rate x gas flow velocity. Since the piping unit 150 jets liquid, the momentum is water density x water flow rate x water flow velocity. Since the water density is about 1000 times the gas density, the water flow rate x water flow velocity can be set to be 10000 times smaller than that of gas. Also, when high-pressure water is sprayed at high speed, the water spray flow rate can be made one order of magnitude larger than the gas flow rate, so the water flow rate can be set to be nearly four orders of magnitude smaller than the gas flow rate. In this way, by spraying droplets from the auxiliary jet unit 160, stagnation of the gas flow can be suitably suppressed.

[0042] [Second embodiment] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. 6. In the aerosol collecting device 20a, the same structural parts as those of the aerosol collecting device 20 shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The aerosol collecting device 20a shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 includes a housing 30, an inlet section 32, an ejection section 34a, an auxiliary ejection section 36, an exhaust section 202, and a collecting section 204. The auxiliary ejection section 36 of this embodiment is disposed inside the housing 30. The auxiliary ejection section 36 may be located in the same position as that of the aerosol collecting device 20.

[0043] The discharge part 202 is connected to an end part on the outlet side of the housing 30. The discharge part 202 includes a throttle part having a flow path area smaller than that of the housing 30. Note that the discharge part 202 does not necessarily have to include a throttle part.

[0044] The collection unit 204 is disposed inside the housing 30. The collection unit 204 collects aerosol particles contained in the gas flowing inside the housing 30. The collection unit 204 includes a plurality of electrodes 206. The electrodes 206 are plate-shaped extending in the gas flow direction, that is, in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical housing 30. The electrodes 206 are disposed in parallel with the adjacent electrodes 206. That is, the collection unit 204 has a plurality of electrodes 206 disposed as parallel plates. The collection unit 204 applies different voltages to the adjacent electrodes 206 to form an electric field between the adjacent electrodes 206. The collection unit 204 moves the aerosol particles to one of the electrodes 206 by the electric field formed between the electrodes 206, and collects the aerosol particles on the surface of the electrode 206. The shape of the electrode 206 is not particularly limited, and may be a plate shape, a rod shape, or a mesh shape.

[0045] The ejection unit 34a is disposed in the exhaust unit 202. The structure of the ejection unit 34a is similar to that of the ejection unit 34. The ejection unit 34a ejects droplets from the exhaust unit 202 downstream in the gas flow direction, that is, in a direction away from the housing 30.

[0046] In the aerosol collection device 20a, the injection section 34a injects a water jet downstream in the gas flow direction at the exhaust section 202, thereby forming a gas flow from the inlet section 32 to the exhaust section 202 inside the housing 30, and the gas containing the aerosol that flows in from the inlet section 32 passes through the collection section 204.

[0047] By providing the injection unit 34a downstream of the collection unit 204, the aerosol collection device 20a can prevent the liquid injected from the injection unit 34a from being supplied to the collection unit 204, and can prevent sparks from occurring in the collection unit 204. As a result, even if the hydrogen concentration in the building in which the aerosol collection device 20a is located is high, the device can be operated while preventing sparks from occurring in the collection unit 204. In this case, it is preferable to have a structure in which the auxiliary injection unit 36 ​​is not provided.

[0048] The aerosol collecting device 20a preferably includes a hydrogen concentration meter that measures the hydrogen concentration of the gas flowing into the housing 30. The aerosol collecting device 20a may control the amount of liquid supplied from the auxiliary injection unit 36 ​​based on the hydrogen concentration, and control the hydrogen concentration around the collecting unit 204. Specifically, when the hydrogen concentration measured by the hydrogen concentration meter is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the aerosol collecting device 20a increases the amount of liquid injected by the auxiliary injection unit 36, thereby reducing the hydrogen concentration in the collecting unit 204 and suppressing the combustion of hydrogen in the collecting unit 204.

[0049] Furthermore, when the hydrogen concentration is equal to or higher than a predetermined level, the aerosol collecting device 20a may stop applying a voltage to the collecting unit 204. By stopping the application of a voltage to the collecting unit 204, the aerosol collecting device 20a can be safely operated, although the efficiency of collecting aerosol particles decreases.

[0050] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the second embodiment. In the aerosol collecting device 20b, parts having the same structure as the aerosol collecting device 20a shown in Fig. 6 are given the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0051] The aerosol collection device 20b shown in Figure 8 includes a housing 30, an inlet section 32, an auxiliary injection section 36, a collection section 204, a recovery section 220, a circulation path 224, a hydrogen removal device 228, a hydrogen concentration meter 230, a fan 230, and an air injection section 234.

[0052] The air injection unit 234 is a gas delivery unit and injects air. The air injection unit 234 is disposed in the inflow unit 32 and vertically above the opening. The air injection unit 234 injects air toward the collection unit 204. The air injection unit 234 injects air toward the collection unit 204, so that the gas is sucked from the inflow unit 32 by the ejector effect, forming a flow that proceeds toward the inside of the housing 30. It is preferable that the air injection unit 234 injects an inactivated gas, for example, nitrogen gas. Note that the air injection unit 234 may have the function of a droplet delivery unit, similar to the injection unit 34, and may have the function of injecting gas and droplets simultaneously. In addition, the aerosol collection device 20b may have an injection unit 34 that injects droplets adjacent to the gas injection unit 234.

[0053] The collection unit 220 is disposed on the outlet side of the housing 30, that is, at the end opposite to the inlet unit 32. The collection unit 220 collects the gas injected from the air injection unit 234 out of the fluid discharged from the housing 30. Note that it is preferable for the collection unit 220 to selectively collect the gas discharged from the air injection unit 234, but it is sufficient for the collection unit 220 to collect the gas that has reached the collection unit 220.

[0054] The circulation path 224 is a pipe that connects the recovery unit 220 and the air injection unit 234. The hydrogen removal device 228 is disposed in the circulation path 224. The hydrogen removal device 228 removes hydrogen contained in the gas flowing through the circulation path 224. Examples of the hydrogen removal device 228 include an oxidation catalyst and an igniter. The hydrogen concentration meter 230 is disposed in the circulation path 224, or in the hydrogen removal device 228 in this embodiment, and measures the concentration of hydrogen contained in the gas flowing through the circulation path 224. The fan 232 is disposed in the circulation path 224 and forms a gas flow from the recovery unit 220 toward the air injection unit 234 within the circulation path 224.

[0055] The aerosol collecting device 20b can use gas as a fluid that attracts the surrounding gas to the housing 30 by using the air injection unit 234. This can reduce the moisture contained in the fluid supplied to the collecting unit 204, and can reduce the possibility of the moisture between the electrodes 206 increasing and sparks occurring during discharge. In addition, by using an inert gas as air, the hydrogen concentration in the housing 30 can be reduced. Furthermore, by providing the auxiliary injection unit 36, the flow of gas in the housing 30 can be stabilized. Furthermore, the aerosol collecting device 20b can reduce the hydrogen concentration in the region of the collecting unit 204 by removing hydrogen contained in the circulating gas by the hydrogen removal device 228. The hydrogen removal device 228 may be operated when the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen concentration diameter 230 becomes equal to or greater than a threshold concentration.

[0056] The aerosol collecting device 20b may switch whether or not to inject liquid from the auxiliary injection unit 36 ​​based on the detection result of the hydrogen concentration meter 230. For example, when the hydrogen concentration is higher than a threshold value, the auxiliary injection unit 36 ​​may stop injecting liquid. The aerosol collecting device 20b may also control the amount of liquid injected from the auxiliary injection unit 36 ​​based on the detection result of the hydrogen concentration meter 230. For example, when the hydrogen concentration is higher than a threshold value, the auxiliary injection unit 36 ​​may inject an amount of liquid that is equal to or greater than the amount of water that can suppress sparks due to discharge in the collecting unit 204.

[0057] [Third embodiment] Fig. 9 is a top view of an aerosol generation apparatus including the aerosol collection apparatus of the third embodiment. Fig. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of the aerosol generation apparatus shown in Fig. 9. The aerosol collection apparatus 300 shown in Figs. 9 and 10 includes a building 302, an exhaust pipe 304, a partition wall 306, an aerosol generation source 314, and an aerosol collection apparatus 20c.

[0058] The building 302 is a partitioned space so that gas does not circulate with the outside except through the exhaust pipe 304. Inside the building 302, there are work objects such as objects to be dismantled, and an aerosol generation source 314 is disposed, which generates aerosol particles by performing work on the work objects. The building 302 also has an aerosol collection device 20c disposed in the internal space covered with a floor, walls, and ceiling.

[0059] The exhaust pipe 304 is a pipe that is connected to the building 302 and connects the building 302 to the outside. The exhaust pipe 304 guides gas inside the building 302 to the outside of the building 302. The exhaust pipe 304 may be provided with a valve that can be switched between on and off.

[0060] Partition wall 306 is disposed inside building 302. Partition wall 306 has a cylindrical shape with a closed top, and divides the interior of building 302 into a space inside partition wall 306 and a space outside partition wall 306. Partition wall 306 has openings 320, 322, and 326 formed therein. Openings 320, 322, and 326 connect the space inside partition wall 306 to the space outside partition wall 306.

[0061] The aerosol generating source 314 is disposed in a space inside the partition wall 306 within the building 302. The aerosol generating source 314 of this embodiment is provided in the center of the floor of the building 302. The aerosol generating source 314 is, for example, a processing device, and when processing an object, an aerosol containing a harmful substance is discharged into the building 302. The aerosol may contain a harmful substance. For example, when the object to be processed is an object contaminated with a radioactive substance, the harmful substance is a radioactive substance. The position of the aerosol generating source 314 is not limited to inside the partition wall 306, and may be disposed between the partition wall 306 and the building 302.

[0062] The aerosol collecting device 20c collects aerosol particles generated within the building 302. The aerosol collecting device 20c includes an introduction pipe 308, a collecting unit 310, and a circulation promotion injection part 336. The introduction pipe 308 is a pipe that is open at both ends. The introduction pipe 308 is inserted into an opening 326 formed in a partition wall 306, with one end protruding inside the partition wall 306 and the other end protruding outside the partition wall 306.

[0063] The collection unit 310 includes a housing 30 and an ejection unit 34. The housing 30 is cylindrical, one end of which is connected to the introduction pipe 308 and the other end of which is open. The ejection unit 34 is disposed inside the housing 30 and ejects a water jet, i.e., ejects droplets, toward the open end of the housing 30. The collection unit 310 ejects a water jet from the ejection unit 34, and by an ejector effect, forms a gas flow from the introduction pipe 308 toward the open end in the housing 30. This forms a gas flow passing through the introduction pipe 308 and the housing 30 from the inside of the partition wall 306. The collection unit 310 attracts (attracts) the gas inside the partition wall 306 to attract aerosol particles generated by the aerosol generation source 314 into the housing 30. In the collection unit 310, droplets of the water jet come into contact with aerosol particles in the housing 30, and the aerosol particles are collected by the droplets. In addition, the ejection unit 34 ejects toward the floor surface of the building 302, so that the aerosol particles that have passed through the housing 30 come into contact with the floor surface and liquid stored on the floor surface and are collected. Here, the building 302 in this embodiment has water stored on the floor surface, forming a pool. Therefore, the aerosol particles come into contact with the water stored in the pool and are collected.

[0064] The circulation promotion jetting unit 336 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 30. The circulation promotion jetting unit 336 sprays droplets in the same direction as the jetting unit 34. The circulation promotion jetting unit 336 can also change its direction so as to form a circulated gas flow within the building 330.

[0065] The aerosol collecting device 20c forms a circulating flow 330 that circulates throughout the space outside the partition wall 306 of the building 302 by injecting droplets from the injector 34 and the circulation promotion injector 336. The aerosol collecting device 20c also injects a water jet from the injector 34, thereby attracting a part of the aerosol flow 332 containing aerosol particles to the introduction pipe 308 and the housing 30, as described above, and collects the aerosol particles. The aerosol collecting device 20c also injects a water jet from the injector 34, thereby attracting a part of the circulating flow 330 from the end of the introduction pipe 308 that is open to the outside of the partition wall 306.

[0066] Aerosol collection device 20c uses inlet pipe 306, injection section 34, and circulation promotion injection section 336 to form a flow that attracts gas inside partition 306 and a circulating flow, and by also attracting a portion of the circulating flow to inlet pipe 306, aerosol particles can be efficiently collected and the number of aerosol particles discharged from exhaust pipe 304 can be reduced.

[0067] FIG. 11 is a top view of an aerosol generating apparatus according to a modified example of the third embodiment. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the aerosol generating apparatus shown in FIG. 11. The aerosol generating apparatus 300a shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 includes a building 302, an exhaust pipe 304, an exhaust pipe 341, a partition wall 306, an aerosol generating source 314, and an aerosol collecting apparatus 20d. The same components of the aerosol generating apparatus 300a as those of the aerosol generating apparatus 300 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The exhaust pipe 341 is connected to the building 302 and is a pipe connecting the building 302 to the outside. The exhaust pipe 341 guides gas inside the building 302 to the outside of the building 302. The exhaust pipe 341 may be provided with a valve that switches between opening and closing. In this embodiment, two exhaust pipes 304 and 341 are provided, but the exhaust pipe 304 may not be provided.

[0068] The aerosol collecting device 20d collects aerosol particles generated within the building 302. The aerosol collecting device 20d includes an inlet pipe 308, a collecting unit 310, and circulation promotion jetting units 342 and 344. The inlet pipe 308 is a pipe that is open at both ends. The inlet pipe 308 is inserted into an opening 326 formed in a partition wall 306, with one end protruding inside the partition wall 306 and the other end protruding outside the partition wall 306.

[0069] The collection unit 310 includes a housing 30 and an ejection unit 34. The housing 30 is cylindrical, one end of which is connected to the introduction pipe 308 and the other end of which is open. The ejection unit 34 is disposed inside the housing 30 and ejects a water jet, i.e., ejects droplets, toward the open end of the housing 30. The collection unit 310 ejects a water jet from the ejection unit 34, and by an ejector effect, forms a gas flow toward the end of the housing 30 that is open from the introduction pipe 308. This forms a gas flow that passes through the introduction pipe 308 and the housing 30 from the inside of the partition 306. The collection unit 310 attracts (attracts) the gas inside the partition 306 to attract aerosol particles generated by the aerosol generation source 314 into the housing 30. In the collection unit 310, droplets of the water jet come into contact with aerosol particles inside the housing 30, and the aerosol particles are collected by the droplets. In addition, by spraying toward the floor surface of the building 302 from the spray unit 34, the aerosol particles that pass through the housing 30 come into contact with the floor surface and the liquid accumulated on the floor surface, and are collected.

[0070] The circulation promotion jetting unit 342 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 30. The circulation promotion jetting unit 342 sprays droplets toward the wall surface of the building 302. The circulation promotion jetting unit 342 sprays droplets in a direction inclined toward the discharge pipe 341 side in the horizontal direction from a line connecting the perpendicular line of the building wall surface and the circulation promotion jetting unit 342. The circulation promotion jetting unit 344 is disposed on the vertical lower side of the housing 30. As shown in FIG. 12, the circulation promotion jetting unit 344 sprays droplets in a direction inclined toward the wall surface side from the vertical lower side. The circulation promotion jetting unit 344 sprays droplets in a direction inclined toward the discharge pipe 341 side in the horizontal direction from a line connecting the perpendicular line of the building wall surface and the circulation promotion jetting unit 342.

[0071] The aerosol collecting device 20d forms a circulation flow 330 that circulates throughout the space outside the partition wall 306 of the building 302 by injecting droplets from the ejection unit 34. The aerosol collecting device 20d forms flows 346, 348 in a swirling direction around the wall surface of the building 302, as shown in FIG. 11, in the space outside the partition wall 306 of the building 302 by injecting droplets from the circulation promotion ejection units 342, 344. The aerosol collecting device 20d also ejects a water jet from the ejection unit 34, thereby attracting a part of the aerosol flow 332 containing aerosol particles to the introduction pipe 308 and the housing 30, as described above, and collects the aerosol particles. The aerosol collecting device 20d also ejects a water jet from the ejection unit 34, thereby attracting a part of the circulation flow 330 from the end of the introduction pipe 308 that is open to the outside of the partition wall 306.

[0072] Aerosol collecting device 20d forms a flow that attracts gas inside partition 306 and a circulating flow with inlet pipe 306, jet unit 34, and circulation promotion jet units 342 and 344, and also attracts a part of the circulating flow to inlet pipe 306, thereby enabling aerosol particles to be efficiently collected. Aerosol collecting device 20d can efficiently collect aerosol particles in building 302 by efficiently attracting aerosol particles to a region where the aerosol particles are to be collected. Furthermore, aerosol collecting device 20d can efficiently collect aerosol particles discharged from exhaust pipe 304 by efficiently collecting aerosol particles in building 302. In addition, by forming a swirling flow with the circulation promotion jetting parts 342 and 344, the area in which gas stagnates within the building 302 can be reduced, and more aerosol particles can be captured.

[0073] Fig. 13 is a top view of an aerosol generating apparatus according to a modified example of the third embodiment. Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the aerosol generating apparatus shown in Fig. 13. An aerosol generating apparatus 300b shown in Figs. 13 and 14 includes a building 302, an exhaust pipe 304, a partition wall 306, an aerosol generating source 314, and an aerosol collecting apparatus 20e. Note that, among the aerosol generating apparatus 300a, the same components as those of the aerosol generating apparatus 300 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0074] The aerosol collecting device 20e collects aerosol particles generated within the building 302. The aerosol collecting device 20e includes an introduction pipe 308, a collecting unit 310, and a guide section 352. The introduction pipe 308 is a pipe that is open at both ends. The introduction pipe 308 is inserted into an opening 326 formed in the partition wall 306, with one end protruding inside the partition wall 306 and the other end protruding outside the partition wall 306.

[0075] The collection unit 310 includes a housing 30 and an ejection unit 34. The housing 30 is cylindrical, one end of which is connected to the introduction pipe 308 and the other end of which is open. The ejection unit 34 is disposed inside the housing 30 and ejects a water jet, i.e., ejects droplets, toward the open end of the housing 30. The collection unit 310 ejects a water jet from the ejection unit 34, and by an ejector effect, forms a gas flow from the introduction pipe 308 toward the open end in the housing 30. This forms a gas flow passing through the introduction pipe 308 and the housing 30 from the inside of the partition wall 306. The collection unit 310 attracts (attracts) the gas inside the partition wall 306 to attract aerosol particles generated by the aerosol generation source 314 into the housing 30. In the collection unit 310, droplets of the water jet come into contact with aerosol particles in the housing 30, and the aerosol particles are collected by the droplets.

[0076] The guide portion 352 is disposed vertically below the collection unit 310. The guide portion 352 is a plate-shaped member disposed in an area where the water jet is sprayed, and deflects the flow formed by the water jet toward the wall surface side of the building 302. The guide portion 352 in this embodiment is L-shaped, with its horizontal surface disposed in the area where the water jet is sprayed, and its vertical surface fixed to the partition wall 306. This prevents the flow sprayed by the water jet from moving vertically downward, toward the inside of the building 304, forming a circulating flow.

[0077] Guide portion 352 comes into contact with the aerosol particles and droplets that are sprayed from spray portion 34 and pass through housing 30. Some of the droplets adhere to the wall surface of guide portion 352. Among the aerosol particles, particles that come into contact with guide surface 352 are collected by guide portion 352.

[0078] The aerosol collecting device 20e forms a circulation flow 330 that circulates throughout the space outside the partition wall 306 of the building 302 by injecting droplets from the ejection unit 34. The aerosol collecting device 20d is provided with a guide unit 352, which changes the direction of the circulation flow and forms a flow that swirls around the wall surface of the building 302. The aerosol collecting device 20e also injects a water jet from the ejection unit 34, thereby attracting a part of the aerosol flow 332 containing aerosol particles to the introduction pipe 308 and the housing 30, as described above, and collects the aerosol particles. The aerosol collecting device 20e also injects a water jet from the ejection unit 34, thereby attracting a part of the circulation flow from the end of the introduction pipe 308 that is open to the outside of the partition wall 306. The aerosol collecting device 20e can also form a circulation flow that circulates between the housing 30, the guide unit 352, and the introduction pipe 308 by the guide unit 352.

[0079] Aerosol collection device 20e uses inlet pipe 308, injection section 34, and guide section 352 to form a flow that attracts gas inside partition 306 and a circulating flow, and also attracts a portion of the circulating flow into inlet pipe 308, thereby enabling efficient collection of aerosol particles and reducing the number of aerosol particles discharged from exhaust pipe 304.

[0080] 15 and 16 are schematic diagrams of modified aerosol collecting devices. Here, the structure of the guide portion is not limited to the L-shape of guide portion 352. An aerosol collecting device 20f shown in FIG. 15 includes an introduction pipe 308, a collecting unit 340, and a guide portion 354. Guide portion 354 is an L-shaped cylinder having a curved portion. By making the guide portion 354 cylindrical, the entire amount of fluid discharged from the housing 30 can be guided in a predetermined direction.

[0081] The aerosol collecting device 20g shown in Fig. 16 includes an introduction pipe 308, a collecting unit 340, and a guide portion 356. The guide portion 356 has a curved plate shape. The guide portion 356 has a circular arc shape that is convex downward in the vertical direction. By making the guide portion 356 have a curved shape, it is possible to prevent stagnation of the fluid flow and to deflect the fluid while preventing the flow velocity from slowing down.

[0082] Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol generating apparatus according to a modified example of the third embodiment. The aerosol generating apparatus 300c shown in Fig. 17 includes a building 302, an exhaust pipe 304, a partition wall 306, an aerosol generating source 314, and an aerosol collecting apparatus 20h. Note that, among the aerosol generating apparatus 300a, the same components as those of the aerosol generating apparatus 300 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0083] The aerosol collecting device 20h collects aerosol particles generated in the building 302. The aerosol collecting device 20h includes an inlet pipe 308, a collecting unit 340, and a gas attracting section 360. The inlet pipe 308 is a pipe that is open at both ends. The inlet pipe 308 is inserted into an opening 326 formed in the partition wall 306, with one end protruding inside the partition wall 306 and the other end protruding outside the partition wall 306. The collecting unit 310 includes a housing 30 and an ejection section 34.

[0084] Gas induction section 360 is disposed vertically above the position where introduction pipe 306 of partition wall 306 is connected. Gas induction section 360 injects a spray of droplets toward the inside of partition wall 306. Gas induction section 360 forms an air curtain by spraying the air curtain above introduction pipe 306 in the inner space of partition wall 306. Gas induction section 360 injects the air curtain toward partition wall 306, and the aerosol sprayed against partition wall 306 by the air curtain becomes droplets 362 adhering to the wall surface and moves vertically downward along partition wall 306. Gas induction section 360 also forms a circulating flow 364 in the space inside partition wall 306 covered by the air curtain and partition wall 306.

[0085] The aerosol collecting device 20h forms a circulation flow that circulates throughout the entire space in the space outside the partition wall 306 of the building 302 by injecting droplets from the ejection unit 34. The aerosol collecting device 20h forms an air curtain by spraying the upper side of the introduction pipe 306 in the inner space of the partition wall 306 in the gas induction unit 360, thereby suppressing the aerosol generated in the aerosol generating source 314 from moving above the air curtain. In addition, the droplets 362 blown out from the gas induction unit fall by gravity. In addition, a circulation flow 364 is formed in the space inside the partition wall 306. This makes it easier for the gas containing the aerosol in the circulation flow 364 to be introduced into the introduction pipe 308. In addition, the aerosol collecting device 20h injects a water jet from the ejection unit 34, as described above, to attract a part of the aerosol flow 332 (shown) containing the aerosol particles to the introduction pipe 308 and the housing 30, and collect the aerosol particles. In addition, aerosol collecting device 20h injects a water jet from injection unit 34, thereby inducing a part of the circulating flow from the end of introduction pipe 308 that is open to the outside of partition wall 306. In addition, aerosol collecting device 20h can also form a circulating flow that circulates between housing 30, guide unit 352, and introduction pipe 308 in guide unit 352.

[0086] Aerosol collection device 20h forms a flow that attracts the gas inside partition 306 and a circulating flow by using inlet pipe 306, ejection section 34, and gas attraction section 360, and also attracts a part of the circulating flow to inlet pipe 306, thereby making it possible to efficiently collect aerosol particles and reduce the number of aerosol particles discharged from exhaust pipe 304. In addition, by suppressing the aerosol particles from moving above gas attraction section 360 inside partition 306, collection unit 310 can efficiently guide the aerosol particles to the collection section.

[0087] [Fourth embodiment] Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the aerosol collection device of the fourth embodiment. Fig. 19 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a method for installing the aerosol collection device of the fourth embodiment. The aerosol collection device 400 shown in Fig. 18 includes an aerosol collection device main body 402 and a support part 404. The support part 404 supports the aerosol collection device main body 402. The support part 404 is a structure of a building in which the aerosol collection device 400 is installed.

[0088] Aerosol collection device main body 402 includes first housing 410, second housing 411, inlet section 412, ejection section 414, collection section 416, liquid supply section 422, and power cable 424.

[0089] The first housing 410 is a cylindrical structure, and is connected to the inlet 412 and the second housing 411. The first housing 410 has an ejection unit 414 disposed therein. The second housing 411 is a cylindrical structure, and is disposed vertically below the first housing 411. The second housing 411 has a collection unit 416 disposed therein. The inlet 412 has a function similar to that of the inlet 32. The ejection unit 414 has a function similar to that of the ejection unit 34. The ejection unit 414 ejects droplets in a direction connected to the second housing 411 by a water jet. The collection unit 416 is disposed in the second housing 411. The collection unit 416 has a plurality of electrodes, and when a voltage is applied to the electrodes, an electric field is formed inside the second housing 411, the electric field attracts the aerosol particles in a predetermined direction, and the electrodes collect the aerosol particles. The liquid supply unit 422 is connected to the jetting unit 414 and supplies the liquid to be jetted by the water jet to the jetting unit 414. The power cable 424 is connected to the collecting unit 416 and applies a voltage to the collecting unit 416.

[0090] 19, in aerosol collecting device 400, opening 434 into which second housing 411 can be inserted is formed in support part 404, and second housing 411 is fixed to opening 434. Second housing 411 may be transported with collecting part 416 installed therein, or collecting part 416 may be installed after second housing 411 is fixed to support part 404. Next, power cable 424 is connected to collecting part 416.

[0091] Next, first housing 410 is fixed to the upper side in the extension direction of second housing 416. Liquid supply unit 422 is connected to ejection unit 414 arranged inside first housing 410. Next, inlet unit 412 is fixed to the upper side in the vertical direction of first housing 410. Aerosol collection device 400 can be installed through the above steps.

[0092] Aerosol collecting device 400 can form an induced flow by ejecting droplets from ejection unit 414, and can draw gas containing aerosol particles into housing 30. In addition, ejecting droplets can capture aerosol particles with droplets. In addition, aerosol collecting device 400 can efficiently capture aerosols contained in the attracted gas by the capture unit by disposing capture unit 416 below ejection unit 414 in the vertical direction, which is the ejection direction of the water jet of ejection unit 414.

[0093] Aerosol collection device 400 has a separable structure in which first housing 410 and second housing 411 are used as housings, ejection unit 414 is disposed in first housing 410, and collection unit 416 is disposed in second housing 411. This allows them to be transported separately during installation, and makes it possible to carry them into and install them in buildings with narrow entrances.

[0094] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. 20. FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the connection state of the electrodes of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. 20. The aerosol collecting device 400a shown in FIG. 20 includes an ejection unit 414, a collection unit 416, a power source 452, and a ground electrode 454. The ejection unit 414 has the same function as the ejection unit 34, and ejects droplets by water jet. The power source 452 is connected to the ejection unit 414 and applies a predetermined voltage. The ground electrode 454 is a ring-shaped electrode disposed between the ejection unit 414 and the collection unit 416. The droplets ejected from the ejection unit 414 pass through the inside of the ring of the ground electrode 454. The ground electrode 454 is grounded. In the aerosol collecting device 400a, a power source 452 and a ground electrode 454 form an electric field between the ejection part 414 and the ground electrode 454 that attracts aerosol particles from the ejection part 414 to the ground electrode 454. This makes it easier for the aerosol particles to move toward the collecting part 416 along with the flow formed by the ejection part 414.

[0095] As shown in Figs. 20 to 22, the collection unit 416 includes a plurality of application electrodes 460, a plurality of ground electrodes 462, a power source 470, and a ground 472. The application electrodes 460 and the ground electrode 462 are rod-shaped electrodes and are arranged such that the ejection direction of the water jet of the ejection unit 414 is the longitudinal direction. The application electrodes 460 are arranged at a predetermined distance apart in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, as shown in Fig. 21. The ground electrode 462 is arranged between the application electrodes 460. The power source 470 is connected to the application electrodes 460 and applies a predetermined voltage to the application electrodes 460. The ground 472 is connected to the ground electrode 462 and grounds the ground electrode 462. The ground 472 also grounds the second housing 411.

[0096] In aerosol collecting device 400a, the electrodes of collecting unit 416 are applied electrode 460 and ground electrode 462, and an electric field can be formed by applying a voltage to one of the electrodes. In addition, by grounding second housing 411 as well, the electric field of collecting unit 416 can be stabilized.

[0097] The arrangement of the electrodes of the collection unit is not limited to the above. FIG. 23A is a schematic diagram of the aerosol collection device of a modified example of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 23B is a schematic diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the aerosol collection device shown in FIG. 23A. In the collection unit 416a shown in FIG. 23A and FIG. 23B, the application electrode 460 and the earth electrode 462 are arranged in a direction in which the horizontal direction is the longitudinal direction. The applied voltages 460 are arranged side by side along the gas flow. The earth electrodes 462 are arranged side by side along the gas flow. In the collection unit 416a, the application electrodes 460 are arranged in a row in the vertical direction on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrodes, and the earth electrodes 462 are arranged in a row. In the collection unit 416, the application electrodes 460 and the earth electrodes 462 are arranged alternately in the horizontal direction on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrodes.

[0098] FIG. 24A is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 24B is a schematic diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the aerosol collecting device shown in FIG. 24A. In the collecting section 416b shown in FIG. 24A and FIG. 24B, the application electrode 460 and the earth electrode 462 are arranged in a direction in which the horizontal direction is the longitudinal direction. The applied voltages 460 are arranged in a line along the gas flow. The earth electrodes 462 are arranged in a line along the gas flow. In the collecting section 416, the application electrodes 460 are arranged in a row in the vertical direction on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrodes, and the earth electrodes 462 are arranged in a row. In the collecting section 416, the application electrodes 460 and the earth electrodes 462 are arranged alternately in the horizontal direction on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrodes. In addition, the application electrodes 460 and the earth electrodes 462 are arranged in a staggered pattern with different vertical arrangement positions.

[0099] Fig. 25A is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. Fig. 25B is a schematic diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the aerosol collecting device shown in Fig. 25A. In the collecting section 416c shown in Fig. 25A and Fig. 25B, the application electrode 460 and the earth electrode 462 are in a mesh shape, and the surface having the largest area is arranged in the horizontal direction. The application electrode 460 and the earth electrode 462 are arranged alternately in the vertical direction.

[0100] Fig. 26A is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. Fig. 26B is a schematic diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the aerosol collecting device shown in Fig. 26A. In the collecting section 416d shown in Fig. 26A and Fig. 26B, the application electrode 460 and the earth electrode 462 are in a mesh shape, and the surface having the largest area is arranged in the vertical direction. The application electrode 460 and the earth electrode 462 are arranged alternately in the horizontal direction and in the direction perpendicular to the surface having the largest area.

[0101] As described above, the application electrodes and the earth electrodes can be arranged in various ways, and the direction of the electric field formed in the collection section can also be in various directions.

[0102] Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram of an aerosol collecting device according to a modified example of embodiment 4. An aerosol generating device 500 shown in Fig. 27 includes a building 502, an aerosol collecting device 504, an inlet pipe 506, an outlet pipe 508, and an aerosol generating source 510.

[0103] Building 502 is a partitioned space so that gas does not circulate with the outside except through inlet pipe 506 and exhaust pipe 508. Building 502 contains work objects such as objects to be demolished inside, and aerosol generation source 510 is disposed therein, which generates aerosol particles when work is performed on the work objects.

[0104] Aerosol generating source 510 is provided in the center of the floor of building 502. Aerosol generating source 510 is, for example, a processing device, and when processing an object, aerosol containing harmful substances is discharged into building 510. Note that the position of aerosol generating source 510 is not limited to the position in this embodiment, and may be any position inside building 502. The aerosol may contain harmful substances. For example, when the object to be processed is an object contaminated with a radioactive substance, the harmful substance is a radioactive substance.

[0105] Inflow pipe 506 connects building 502 and aerosol collection device 504. Inflow pipe 506 is connected to the vicinity of the upper end of aerosol collection device 504 in the vertical direction. Exhaust pipe 508 connects building 502 and aerosol collection device 504. Exhaust pipe 508 is connected to the vicinity of the lower end of aerosol collection device 504 in the vertical direction.

[0106] Aerosol collecting device 504 collects aerosol particles contained in a fluid supplied through inlet pipe 506. Aerosol collecting device 504 has an ejection unit 520 and a collection unit 524 disposed inside a housing connected to inlet pipe 506 and outlet pipe 508. Ejection unit 520 has a function similar to that of ejection unit 34, and ejects droplets vertically downward with a water jet. Collection unit 524 is disposed vertically below ejection unit 520, and includes application electrode 460 and earth electrode 462.

[0107] Aerosol collection device 504 forms a flow from ejection unit 520 toward collection unit 524 inside the housing by ejecting a water jet from ejection unit 520, and sucks gas inside building 502 from inlet unit 506 by the ejector effect. In addition, by ejecting droplets, aerosol particles can be captured by droplets. In addition, aerosol collection device 504 can efficiently capture aerosols contained in the attracted gas by the collection unit by arranging collection unit 524 vertically below ejection unit 520, which is the ejection direction of the water jet from ejection unit 520.

[0108] In the aerosol generating device 500, an aerosol collecting device 504 is disposed outside a building 502 containing an aerosol generating source 510, and is connected to an inlet pipe 506 and an outlet pipe 508. In this way, even in a structure in which the aerosol collecting device 504 is disposed outside the building 502, the ejector effect can be used to suck in a fluid containing aerosol particles, and the aerosol particles can be collected by the collecting section and the water jet. In addition, by using the application electrode 460 and the earth electrode 462 as the collecting section, an electric field can be appropriately formed. [Explanation of symbols]

[0109] 10, 300, 500 Aerosol Generator Building 12, 302 14, 314, 510 Aerosol Sources 16 Circulation mechanism 20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 400, 504 Aerosol collection device 22 Circulation piping 24 Condenser 26 HEPA Filter 28 Blower 30 Case 32 Inlet 34, 34a injection part 36 Auxiliary injection part 40 Inlet 42 Discharge section 44 Aperture 46 Widening surface 100 Wet electrostatic precipitator (aerosol collection device) 102 Dust collection section 104 Supply pipe 106 Auxiliary injection part 108 Widening surface 120 Injection part 122 Electrode section 124 Discharge section 126 Cleaning Section 150 Piping unit (aerosol collection device) 152 Piping 154 Auxiliary injection unit 156 Curved Section 160 Auxiliary injection part 162 Liquid recovery section 164 Liquid storage section 166 Pump 202 Discharge section 204 Collection section 206 Electrode 220 Collection Department 224 Circulation Route 228 Hydrogen removal device 230 Hydrogen concentration meter 232 Fans 234 Air injection part 304 Exhaust pipe 306 Bulkhead 308 Inflow pipe 310, 340 Collection Unit 320, 322, 326 aperture 330 Circulating flow 332 Aerosol flow 336, 342, 344 Circulation promotion injection part 352, 354, 356 Guide part 360 Gas Induction Section 410 1st cabinet 411 No. 1 case 412 Inlet 414, 520 injection part 416, 416a, 416b, 416c, 416d, 524 Collection section 422 Liquid supply section 424 Power Cable 434 Aperture 452 Power supply 454 Earth Electrode 460 Applied electrode 462 Ground electrode 470 Power supply 472 Earth 506 Inflow pipe 508 Discharge pipe

Claims

1. An aerosol collecting device for collecting aerosols, comprising: A flow section for flowing a gas containing an aerosol; a droplet ejection unit that ejects droplets toward a separation region where the gas flow in the flow section separates, The flow section includes an expanded section that increases the area through which the gas flows, The peeled region is the widened portion, the droplet ejection portion is disposed on a widening surface that forms the widening portion, a fluid ejection section that is disposed in a region surrounded by the widened section of the flow section and ejects a fluid containing droplets and causes a gas containing an aerosol to flow in a predetermined direction by an ejector effect; The fluid ejection unit ejects fluid at a speed of 100 m / sec or more.

2. The aerosol collecting device according to claim 1 , further comprising: a collecting section that is disposed in a direction of a gas flow formed by the fluid ejecting section and that collects the aerosol.

3. The aerosol collecting device according to claim 2 , wherein the fluid ejecting section is disposed downstream of the collecting section.

4. The aerosol collecting device according to claim 2 , wherein the fluid ejection section is disposed upstream of the collecting section and ejects a gas.

5. an auxiliary jetting unit disposed upstream of the collecting unit and supplying droplets to the collecting unit; The collection unit includes an electrode to which a voltage is applied, 5. The aerosol collection device according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary injection unit supplies the droplets when no voltage is applied to the electrode, and does not supply the droplets when a voltage is applied to the electrode.

6. A measuring device is provided for measuring the hydrogen concentration contained in the gas, The aerosol collecting device according to claim 5 , wherein the collecting unit injects droplets from the auxiliary injecting unit when the hydrogen concentration is less than a threshold value.

7. 7. The aerosol collecting device according to claim 5, further comprising a hydrogen recovery device for recovering hydrogen contained in the gas.

8. Installed in a building, The aerosol collection device according to claim 1 , wherein the fluid ejection unit forms an induced flow having a gas flow rate that is 10 times or more the gas flow rate of the building.

Images