Fractal Power Converter

Abstract

A fractal converter and a method for constructing the same are provided, the fractal converter including: an asymmetric half-bridge sub-module in which a switching and / or storage element is replaced by the same asymmetric half-bridge sub-module at least twice; a symmetric half-bridge sub-module in which a switching and / or storage element is replaced by the same symmetric half-bridge sub-module at least twice; and an H-bridge sub-module in which a switching and / or storage element is replaced by the same H-bridge sub-module at least twice. Compared with conventional high-voltage / high-current power converters, the converter can output any high-voltage / high-current waveform, has a modularized system, a simple structure, is ductile, can distribute voltage and current uniformly between modules, has a simple control method, is easy to standardize, and is capable of multi-port parallel output.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This invention claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202111407007.1, entitled "Fractal power converter and method for constructing same", filed with the China Patent Office on November 24, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power converters for power electronics, and in particular to a fractal power converter and a method for constructing the same. [Background technology]

[0003] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0004] For applications such as high-power wind, solar, storage, and new energy combined power generation systems, high-voltage AC / DC transmission, medium-voltage power drives, medium-voltage power quality purification devices, solid-state transformers, electric vehicle charging stations, power amplifiers, plasma pulse power supplies, special medical equipment power supplies, and electromagnetic gun power supplies, it is necessary to generate high-voltage, high-current, high-power, and arbitrarily controllable voltage / current waveforms in an extremely short time.

[0005] In the conventional multilevel converter, for example, cascade bridge converter and modular multilevel converter, the series equal voltage can be passed between modules, but the current cannot be distributed evenly. In the conventional multi-parallel converter, for example, parallel photovoltaic inverter group, the parallel equal current can be passed between modules, but the high voltage cannot be borne. Conventional high voltage and high current power supplies often generate voltage / current waveforms of the required frequency by inductance-capacitor resonance, but the waveform quality and circuit parameters, for example, series resistance, are closely related and cannot be controlled arbitrarily, energy cannot be recovered and utilized, and the system cost, volume and loss are large.

[0006] In addition, conventional high-voltage, high-current power converters are designed for specific applications, the entire system circuit is not modularized, and they do not have the ductility of a modularized system. The controller design depends on the power level of the system, making it difficult to generalize and standardize. The systems usually only have a single output port, and there is no multi-port parallel output function. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a fractal power converter and its configuration method. The present invention provides a configuration method for a fractal converter using fractal theory, and provides a total of nine types of fractal converters based on the proposed method and three types of commonly used submodules (including asymmetric half-bridge submodule, symmetric half-bridge submodule and H-bridge submodule). Compared with traditional high voltage and high current power converters, the present invention can output any high voltage and high current waveform, the system is modularized, the structure is simple and ductile, the voltage and current can be evenly distributed between modules, the control method is simple and easy to standardize, and multi-port parallel output is possible.

[0008] According to some embodiments, the present invention employs the following technical aspects.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing a fractal transformer.

[0010] A method of constructing a fractal converter comprising: a switching and / or energy storage element of an asymmetric half-bridge sub-module being replaced by the same asymmetric half-bridge sub-module at least twice.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fractal transformer.

[0012] Using the method for constructing a fractal converter according to the first aspect, the switches of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module are replaced by the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module at least twice; A fractal converter including at least four asymmetric half-bridge sub-modules, at least three energy storage elements, and at least two output ends; wherein a first energy storage element is provided between a first port of the first asymmetric half-bridge sub-module and a second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, a second energy storage element is provided between a first port of the third asymmetric half-bridge sub-module and a second port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, and a third energy storage element is provided between the second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge sub-module and a second port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; the second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the third asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge submodule; The first output end is a second port of a second asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, and the second output end is a second port of a fourth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a fractal transformer.

[0014] Using the method for constructing a fractal converter according to the first aspect, the energy storage element of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module is replaced by the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module at least twice; A fractal converter including at least one asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, at least four switches, and at least two outputs, Wherein the first port of the asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects to the first port of the first switch, the second port of the first switch connects to the first port of the second switch and the first port of the third switch respectively, the second port of the third switch connects to the first port of the fourth switch, the second port of the fourth switch and the second port of the second switch connect to the second port of the asymmetric half-bridge submodule; The first output is a second port of the third switch, and the second output is a second port of the fourth switch.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a fractal transformer.

[0016] Using the method for constructing a fractal converter according to the first aspect, the switches and energy storage elements of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module are replaced by the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module at least nine times; A fractal converter including at least nine asymmetric half-bridge sub-modules and at least two output terminals; Wherein the first port of the first asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the third asymmetric half-bridge submodule, and the second port of the third asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge submodule; a first port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the fifth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, a second port of the fifth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, and a second port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a second port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge submodule; a first port of the seventh asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the eighth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, a second port of the eighth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, and a second port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a second port of the seventh asymmetric half-bridge submodule; a second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connects to a second port of the fifth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; a second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connects to a second port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; a second port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connects to a second port of the eighth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; The first output end is the second port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, and the second output end is the second port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module.

[0017] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing a fractal transformer.

[0018] A method of constructing a fractal converter comprising: a switching and / or energy storage element of a symmetrical half-bridge sub-module being replaced by the same symmetrical half-bridge sub-module at least twice.

[0019] In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a fractal transformer.

[0020] Using the method for constructing a fractal converter according to the fifth aspect, the switches of the symmetrical half-bridge sub-module are replaced at least twice with a symmetrical half-bridge sub-module; A fractal converter including at least four symmetrical half-bridge sub-modules, at least six energy storage elements, and at least two output ends; wherein a first energy storage element is provided between the first port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule and the second port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule, a second energy storage element is provided between the second port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule and the second port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule, the first port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule is connected to the fifth energy storage element, the sixth energy storage element, and the third energy storage element in sequence, and then the first port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule is connected to the first port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule, the first port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule is connected to the third energy storage element, the fourth energy storage element in sequence, and then the second port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule is connected to the second port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule is connected to the first port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the second port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule is connected to the first port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule; The first output end is a second port of the third symmetrical half-bridge sub-module, and the second output end is located between the fifth energy storage element and the sixth energy storage element.

[0021] In a seventh aspect, the present invention provides a fractal transformer.

[0022] Using the method for constructing a fractal converter according to the fifth aspect, the energy storage element of the symmetric half-bridge sub-module is replaced by the symmetric half-bridge sub-module at least twice; A fractal converter including at least four symmetrical half-bridge sub-modules, at least six switches, and at least two output ends; Wherein the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the second port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule; the first port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the first switch, the second port of the first switch connects the first port of the second switch, the first port of the fifth switch respectively, the second port of the second switch connects the second port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the fifth switch connects the first port of the sixth switch, the second port of the sixth switch connects the first port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the first port of the third switch connects the first port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the third switch connects the first port of the fourth switch, the second port of the fourth switch connects the second port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the third switch; The first output end is a second port of the fifth energy storage element, and the second output end is a second port of the first symmetrical half-bridge sub-module.

[0023] In an eighth aspect, the present invention provides a fractal transformer.

[0024] Using the method for constructing a fractal converter according to the fifth aspect, the switching and energy storage elements of the symmetrical half-bridge sub-module are replaced at least twice by the symmetrical half-bridge sub-module; A fractal converter including at least 16 symmetrical half-bridge sub-modules 102 and at least two output terminals; Wherein the first port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the first port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule; the first port of the fifth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the sixth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the sixth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the eighth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the eighth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the seventh symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the first port of the seventh symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the sixth symmetric half-bridge submodule; the first port of the ninth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the tenth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the tenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the twelfth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the twelfth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the eleventh symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the first port of the eleventh symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the tenth symmetric half-bridge submodule; the first port of the thirteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fourteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the fourteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the sixteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the sixteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the fifteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the first port of the fifteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the fourteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule; the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the ninth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the fifth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the sixth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the fourteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the tenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the thirteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule; The first output end is the second port of the sixth symmetric half-bridge sub-module, and the second output end is the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge sub-module.

[0025] In a ninth aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing a fractal transformer.

[0026] A method of constructing a fractal converter, comprising: replacing the switching and / or energy storage elements of an H-bridge sub-module with the same H-bridge sub-module at least twice.

[0027] In a tenth aspect, the present invention provides a fractal transformer.

[0028] Using the method for constructing a fractal converter according to the ninth aspect, the switches of the H-bridge sub-module are replaced by the H-bridge sub-module at least twice; A fractal converter including at least 16 H-bridge sub-modules, at least 5 energy storage elements, and at least 2 output ends; wherein the first port of the first H-bridge submodule connects to the second port of the second H-bridge submodule, the first port of the second H-bridge submodule connects to the first port of the fourth H-bridge submodule, the second port of the fourth H-bridge submodule connects to the first port of the third H-bridge submodule, and the second port of the third H-bridge submodule connects to the second port of the first H-bridge submodule; and a first energy storage element is provided between the first port of the first H-bridge submodule and the second port of the fourth H-bridge submodule; a first port of the fifth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the sixth H-bridge submodule, a first port of the sixth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the eighth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the eighth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the seventh H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the seventh H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the fifth H-bridge submodule; and a second storage element is provided between the first port of the fifth H-bridge submodule and the second port of the eighth H-bridge submodule; a first port of the ninth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the tenth H-bridge submodule, a first port of the tenth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the eleventh H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the eleventh H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the ninth H-bridge submodule; and a third storage element is provided between the first port of the ninth H-bridge submodule and the second port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule; a first port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule, a first port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the sixteenth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the sixteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the fifteenth H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the fifteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule; and a fourth storage element is provided between the first port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule and the second port of the sixteenth H-bridge submodule; the second port of the first H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the fifth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the second H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the ninth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the sixth H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the tenth H-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule; a fifth storage element is provided between the first port of the second H-bridge sub-module and the second port of the fifteenth H-bridge sub-module; The first output end is the second port of the first H-bridge sub-module, and the second output end is the first port of the tenth bridge sub-module.

[0029] In an eleventh aspect, the present invention provides a fractal transformer.

[0030] Using the method for constructing a fractal converter according to the ninth aspect, the energy storage element of the H-bridge sub-module is replaced by the H-bridge sub-module at least twice; A fractal converter including at least one H-bridge sub-module, at least eight switches, and at least two output terminals; Wherein a first port of the first switch connects a first port of a third switch, a second port of the third switch connects a first port of a fourth switch, a second port of the fourth switch connects a second port of the second switch, and a first port of the second switch connects a second port of the first switch; a first port of the H-bridge submodule connects a first port of the first switch, a second port of the H-bridge submodule connects a second port of the fourth switch; a first port of the fifth switch connects a first port of the seventh switch, a second port of the seventh switch connects a first port of the eighth switch, a second port of the eighth switch connects a second port of the sixth switch, and a first port of the sixth switch connects a second port of the fifth switch; a first port of the fifth switch connects a second port of the first switch, a first port of the fourth switch connects a second port of the eighth switch, The first output is a second port of the fifth switch, and the second output is a second port of the seventh switch.

[0031] In a twelfth aspect, the present invention provides a fractal transformer.

[0032] Using the method for constructing a fractal converter according to the ninth aspect, the switches and energy storage elements of the H-bridge sub-module are replaced at least twice by the H-bridge sub-module; A fractal converter including at least 25 H-bridge sub-modules and at least 4 outputs, Wherein, the first port of the first H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the second H-bridge submodule and the first port of the third H-bridge submodule respectively, the first port of the second H-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fifth H-bridge submodule, the second port of the fifth H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the third H-bridge submodule and the first port of the fourth H-bridge submodule respectively, and the second port of the fourth H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the first H-bridge submodule; a first port of the sixth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the seventh H-bridge submodule and a first port of the eighth H-bridge submodule, a first port of the seventh H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the tenth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the tenth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the eighth H-bridge submodule and a first port of the ninth H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the ninth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the sixth H-bridge submodule; a first port of the eleventh H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule and a first port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule, a first port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the fifteenth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the fifteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule and a first port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the eleventh H-bridge submodule; a first port of the 16th H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 17th H-bridge submodule and a first port of the 18th H-bridge submodule, a first port of the 17th H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the 20th H-bridge submodule, a second port of the 20th H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 18th H-bridge submodule and a first port of the 19th H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the 19th H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 16th H-bridge submodule; a first port of the 21st H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 22nd H-bridge submodule and a first port of the 23rd H-bridge submodule, a first port of the 22nd H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the 25th H-bridge submodule, a second port of the 25th H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 23rd H-bridge submodule and a first port of the 24th H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the 24th H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 21st H-bridge submodule; the second port of the first H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the sixteenth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the second H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the twenty-fourth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the seventh H-bridge submodule connects the first port of the twenty-fifth H-bridge submodule; The first output end is the first port of the seventh H-bridge submodule, the second output end is the second port of the first H-bridge submodule, the third output end is the first port of the second H-bridge submodule, and the fourth output end is the first port of the seventeenth H-bridge submodule. Effect of the Invention

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantageous effects:

[0034] Compared with traditional high voltage and high current power converters, this invention can output any high voltage, high current DC or AC waveform repeatedly or as a single output, the system structure is simple and ductile, the voltage and current can be distributed evenly among modules, the control method is simple and easy to standardize, and multi-port parallel output is possible. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0035] [Figure 1a]FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a conventional asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; [Figure 1b] FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a conventional symmetrical half-bridge sub-module; [Figure 1c] FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a conventional H-bridge submodule. [Figure 2a] FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an asymmetric half-bridge switch fractal converter implemented according to the present invention; [Figure 2b] FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a symmetric half-bridge switched fractal converter implemented according to the present invention; [Figure 2c] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an H-bridge switched fractal converter implemented in accordance with the present invention. [Figure 3a] FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an asymmetric half-bridge energy storage fractal converter implemented according to the present invention. [Figure 3b] FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a symmetrical half-bridge energy storage fractal converter implemented according to the present invention. [Figure 3c] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an H-bridge energy storage fractal converter implemented in accordance with the present invention. [Figure 4a] FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an asymmetric half-bridge switch and energy storage fractal converter implemented according to the present invention. [Figure 4b] FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a symmetrical half-bridge switch and energy storage fractal converter implemented according to the present invention. [Figure 4c] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an H-bridge switch and energy storing fractal converter implemented in accordance with the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system in which an H-bridge switched fractal converter implemented in accordance with the present invention provides a high voltage, high current, high power inverter. [Figure 6a] FIG. 2 is a simulation waveform diagram of the load current iload and voltage vload of the H-bridge switched fractal converter implemented in accordance with the present invention. [Figure 6b]1 is a simulation waveform diagram of the sub-module DC voltage vdc, the sub-module AC current iac, and the sub-module AC voltage vac of the H-bridge switch fractal converter implemented in the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0036] The specification drawings which form a part of the present invention are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to illustrate the present invention and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the present invention. The present invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.

[0037] The following detailed description is intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms used herein are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, but are used only to describe particular embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and further, when the term "comprises" is used herein, features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof are present.

[0039] In the present invention, the terms "connection", "connection" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and may mean a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a removable connection, and may be directly connected or connected through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can determine the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances, and cannot be understood as a restriction on the present invention. Example 1

[0040] This embodiment provides a method for configuring a fractal transformer.

[0041] A method of constructing a fractal converter in which the switching 111, 112 and / or energy storage element 113 of an asymmetric half-bridge sub-module 101 is replaced by the same asymmetric half-bridge sub-module 101 at least twice.

[0042] Here, as shown in FIG. 1a, the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module 101 includes at least two switches and at least one energy storage element, where a first port of the first switch 111 connects one end of the energy storage element 113, the other end of the energy storage element 113 connects a second port of the second switch 112, and the first port of the second switch 112 connects a second port of the first switch 111.

[0043] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0044] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 2

[0045] The present embodiment provides a fractal transformer.

[0046] A fractal converter 201 of asymmetric half-bridge switches, in which the switch of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module is replaced by the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module at least twice by using the configuration method of the fractal converter described in the first embodiment; The fractal converter includes at least four asymmetric half-bridge sub-modules 101, at least three energy storage elements 211, 212, 213, and at least two output terminals 214, 215.

[0047] Wherein, as shown in FIG. 2a, a first energy storage element 211 is provided between a first port of the first asymmetric half-bridge sub-module and a second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, a second energy storage element 212 is provided between a first port of the third asymmetric half-bridge sub-module and a second port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, and a third energy storage element 213 is provided between a second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge sub-module and a second port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; the second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the third asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge submodule; The first output 214 is a second port of a second asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, and the second output 215 is a second port of a fourth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module.

[0048] Here, as shown in FIG. la, the asymmetric half-bridge submodule 101 includes at least two switches and at least one energy storage element, where a first port of the first switch 111 connects one end of an energy storage element 113, the other end of the energy storage element 113 connects a second port of a second switch 112, and the first port of the second switch 112 connects a second port of the first switch 111.

[0049] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0050] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 3

[0051] The present embodiment provides a fractal transformer.

[0052] An asymmetric half-bridge energy storage fractal converter 301, in which the energy storage element of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module is replaced by the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module at least twice by using the fractal converter configuration method described in the first embodiment; The fractal converter includes at least one asymmetric half-bridge sub-module 101, at least four switches 311, 312, 313, 314, and at least two output terminals 315, 316.

[0053] Here, as shown in FIG. 3a, the first port of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connects the first port of the first switch 311, the second port of the first switch 311 connects the first port of the second switch 312 and the first port of the third switch 313, the second port of the third switch 313 connects the first port of the fourth switch 314, the second port of the fourth switch 314 and the second port of the second switch 312 connect the second port of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; The first output 315 is a second port of the third switch, and the second output 316 is a second port of the fourth switch.

[0054] Here, as shown in FIG. 1a, the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module 101 includes at least two switches and at least one energy storage element, where a first port of the first switch 111 connects one end of the energy storage element 113, the other end of the energy storage element 113 connects a second port of the second switch 112, and the first port of the second switch 112 connects a second port of the first switch 111.

[0055] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0056] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 4

[0057] The present embodiment provides a fractal transformer.

[0058] An asymmetric half-bridge switch and energy storage fractal converter 401, in which the switch and the energy storage element of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module are replaced by the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module at least twice using the fractal converter configuration method described in the first embodiment; The fractal converter includes at least nine asymmetric half-bridge sub-modules 101 and at least two output terminals 411, 412.

[0059] Here, as shown in FIG. 4a, the first port of the first asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the third asymmetric half-bridge submodule, and the second port of the third asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge submodule; a first port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the fifth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, a second port of the fifth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, and a second port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a second port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge submodule; a first port of the seventh asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the eighth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, a second port of the eighth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, and a second port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a second port of the seventh asymmetric half-bridge submodule; a second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connects to a second port of the fifth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; a second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connects to a second port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; a second port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connects to a second port of the eighth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; The first output end is the second port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, and the second output end is the second port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module.

[0060] Here, as shown in FIG. 1a, the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module 101 includes at least two switches and at least one energy storage element, where a first port of the first switch 111 connects one end of the energy storage element 113, the other end of the energy storage element 113 connects a second port of the second switch 112, and the first port of the second switch 112 connects a second port of the first switch 111.

[0061] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0062] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 5

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for configuring a fractal transformer.

[0064] A method of constructing a fractal converter comprising: a switching and / or energy storage element of a symmetrical half-bridge sub-module being replaced by the same symmetrical half-bridge sub-module at least twice.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 1b, here, the symmetric half-bridge sub-module 102 includes at least two switches 121, 122 and at least two energy storage elements 123, 124, where a first port of the first switch 121 connects one end of the first storage element 123, the other end of the first storage element 123 connects one end of the second storage element 124, the other end of the second storage element 124 connects a second port of the second switch 122, and the first port of the second switch 122 connects a second port of the first switch 121.

[0066] Optionally, the switches may include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0067] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 6

[0068] The present embodiment provides a fractal transformer.

[0069] A symmetric half-bridge switch fractal converter 202 is configured by using the fractal converter configuration method described in the fifth embodiment to replace the switches of the symmetric half-bridge sub-modules with symmetric half-bridge sub-modules at least twice; The fractal converter includes at least four symmetrical half-bridge sub-modules 102, at least six energy storage elements 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, and at least two output terminals 227, 228.

[0070] Here, as shown in FIG. 2b, a first energy storage element 221 is provided between a first port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule and a second port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule, a second energy storage element 222 is provided between a second port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule and a second port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the first port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule sequentially connects a fifth energy storage element 225, a sixth energy storage element 226, and a third energy storage element 223. the first port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule is connected to the third energy storage element 223 and the fourth energy storage element 226 in sequence, and then the second port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule is connected to the third symmetric half-bridge submodule; the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule is connected to the first port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule; and the second port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule is connected to the first port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule; The first output 227 is a second port of the third symmetrical half-bridge sub-module, and the second output 228 is located between the fifth energy storage element 225 and the sixth energy storage element 226 .

[0071] Here, as shown in FIG. 1b, the symmetric half-bridge submodule 102 includes at least two switches 121, 122 and at least two energy storage elements 123, 124, where a first port of the first switch 121 connects one end of the first storage element 123, the other end of the first storage element 123 connects one end of the second storage element 124, the other end of the second storage element 124 connects a second port of the second switch 122, and the first port of the second switch 122 connects a second port of the first switch 121.

[0072] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0073] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 7

[0074] The present embodiment provides a fractal transformer.

[0075] A symmetric half-bridge energy storage fractal converter 302, in which the energy storage element of the symmetric half-bridge sub-module is replaced by the symmetric half-bridge sub-module at least twice by using the fractal converter configuration method described in Example 5; The fractal converter includes at least four symmetrical half-bridge sub-modules 102, at least six switches 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, and at least two outputs 327, 328.

[0076] Here, as shown in FIG. 3b, the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge sub-module connects the first port of the second symmetric half-bridge sub-module, the second port of the third symmetric half-bridge sub-module connects the first port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge sub-module; The first port of the first symmetric half-bridge sub-module connects the first port of the first switch 321, the second port of the first switch 321 connects the first port of the second switch 322 and the first port of the fifth switch 325, the second port of the second switch 322 connects the second port of the second symmetric half-bridge sub-module, the second port of the fifth switch 325 connects the first port of the sixth switch 326, the second port of the sixth switch 326 connects the first port of the sixth switch 326, a first port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule connected to the first port of the third switch 323; a first port of the third switch 323 connected to the first port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule; a second port of the third switch 323 connected to the first port of the fourth switch 324; a second port of the fourth switch 324 connected to the second port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule; and a second port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule connected to the second port of the third switch 323; The first output 327 is the second port of the fifth energy storage element, and the second output 328 is the second port of the first symmetrical half-bridge sub-module.

[0077] Here, as shown in FIG. 1b, the symmetric half-bridge submodule 102 includes at least two switches 121, 122 and at least two energy storage elements 123, 124, where a first port of the first switch 121 connects one end of the first storage element 123, the other end of the first storage element 123 connects one end of the second storage element 124, the other end of the second storage element 124 connects a second port of the second switch 122, and the first port of the second switch 122 connects a second port of the first switch 121.

[0078] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0079] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 8

[0080] The present embodiment provides a fractal transformer.

[0081] A symmetric half-bridge switch and energy storage fractal converter 402, in which the switching and energy storage elements of the symmetric half-bridge sub-modules are replaced by symmetric half-bridge sub-modules at least twice using the fractal converter configuration method described in Example 5; The fractal converter includes at least 16 symmetrical half-bridge sub-modules 102 and at least two output terminals 421, 422.

[0082] Here, as shown in FIG. 4b, the first port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the fourth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the first port of the third symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule; the first port of the fifth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the sixth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the sixth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the eighth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the eighth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the seventh symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the first port of the seventh symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the sixth symmetric half-bridge submodule; the first port of the ninth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the tenth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the tenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the twelfth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the twelfth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the eleventh symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the first port of the eleventh symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the tenth symmetric half-bridge submodule; the first port of the thirteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fourteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the fourteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the sixteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the sixteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the fifteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule, and the first port of the fifteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the fourteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule; the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the ninth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the second symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the fifth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the sixth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the fourteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the tenth symmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the thirteenth symmetric half-bridge submodule; The first output end 421 is the second port of the sixth symmetric half-bridge sub-module, and the second output end 422 is the second port of the first symmetric half-bridge sub-module.

[0083] Here, as shown in FIG. 1b, the symmetric half-bridge submodule 102 includes at least two switches 121, 122 and at least two energy storage elements 123, 124, where a first port of the first switch 121 connects one end of the first storage element 123, the other end of the first storage element 123 connects one end of the second storage element 124, the other end of the second storage element 124 connects a second port of the second switch 122, and the first port of the second switch 122 connects a second port of the first switch 121.

[0084] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0085] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 9

[0086] This embodiment provides a method for configuring a fractal transformer.

[0087] A method of constructing a fractal converter comprising: a switching and / or storage element of an H-bridge sub-module being replaced by the same H-bridge sub-module at least twice.

[0088] Here, as shown in FIG. 1c, the H-bridge submodule 103 includes an H-bridge structure in which at least four switches 131, 132, 133, 134 and at least one energy storage element 135 are connected, in which a first port of the first switch 131 connects a first port of the third switch 133 and one end of the energy storage element 135, a second port of the third switch 133 connects a first port of the fourth switch 134, a second port of the fourth switch 134 connects the other end of the energy storage element 135 and the second port of the second switch 132, and a first port of the second switch 132 connects the second port of the first switch 131.

[0089] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0090] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 10

[0091] The present embodiment provides a fractal transformer.

[0092] An H-bridge switch fractal converter 203, which is obtained by using the fractal converter configuration method described in Example 9 to replace the switches of the H-bridge submodules with the H-bridge submodules at least twice; The fractal converter includes at least 16 H-bridge sub-modules, at least five energy storage elements 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, and at least two output terminals 235, 236.

[0093] Here, as shown in FIG. 2c, a first port of the first H-bridge submodule connects with a second port of the second H-bridge submodule, a first port of the second H-bridge submodule connects with a first port of the fourth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the fourth H-bridge submodule connects with a first port of the third H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the third H-bridge submodule connects with a second port of the first H-bridge submodule; and a first energy storage element 231 is provided between the first port of the first H-bridge submodule and the second port of the fourth H-bridge submodule; a first port of the fifth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the sixth H-bridge submodule, a first port of the sixth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the eighth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the eighth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the seventh H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the seventh H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the fifth H-bridge submodule; and a second energy storage element 232 is provided between the first port of the fifth H-bridge submodule and the second port of the eighth H-bridge submodule; a first port of the ninth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the tenth H-bridge submodule, a first port of the tenth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the eleventh H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the eleventh H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the ninth H-bridge submodule; and a third storage element 233 is provided between the first port of the ninth H-bridge submodule and the second port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule; a first port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule, a first port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the sixteenth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the sixteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the fifteenth H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the fifteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule; and a fourth storage element 234 is provided between the first port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule and the second port of the sixteenth H-bridge submodule; the second port of the first H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the fifth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the second H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the ninth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the sixth H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the tenth H-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule; a fifth storage element 235 is provided between the first port of the second H-bridge sub-module and the second port of the fifteenth H-bridge sub-module; The first output 236 is the second port of the first H-bridge sub-module, and the second output 237 is the first port of the tenth H-bridge sub-module.

[0094] As shown in FIG. 1c, here, the H-bridge submodule 103 includes an H-bridge structure in which at least four switches 131, 132, 133, 134 and at least one energy storage element 135 are connected, in which a first port of the first switch 131 connects a first port of the third switch 133 and one end of the energy storage element 135, a second port of the third switch 133 connects a first port of the fourth switch 134, a second port of the fourth switch 134 connects the other end of the energy storage element 135 and the second port of the second switch 132, and a first port of the second switch 132 connects the second port of the first switch 131.

[0095] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0096] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 11

[0097] The present embodiment provides a fractal transformer.

[0098] An H-bridge energy storage fractal converter 303 is configured by using the fractal converter configuration method described in Example 9, in which the energy storage element of the H-bridge sub-module is replaced by the H-bridge sub-module at least twice; A fractal converter including at least one H-bridge sub-module, at least eight switches 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, and at least two output terminals 339, 3310; Here, as shown in FIG. 3c, a first port of the first switch 331 connects a first port of the third switch 333, a second port of the third switch 333 connects a first port of the fourth switch 334, a second port of the fourth switch 334 connects a second port of the second switch 332, a first port of the second switch 332 connects a second port of the first switch 331, a first port of the H-bridge submodule connects a first port of the first switch 331, a second port of the H-bridge submodule connects a second port of the fourth switch 334; A first port of the fifth switch 335 connects a first port of the seventh switch 337, a second port of the seventh switch 337 connects a first port of the eighth switch 338, a second port of the eighth switch 338 connects a second port of the sixth switch 336, and a first port of the sixth switch 336 connects a second port of the fifth switch 335; A first port of the fifth switch 335 connects a second port of the first switch 331, a first port of the fourth switch 334 connects a second port of the eighth switch 338, The first output 339 is a second port of the fifth switch 335 and the second output 3310 is a second port of the seventh switch 337 .

[0099] Here, as shown in FIG. 1c, the H-bridge submodule 103 includes an H-bridge structure in which at least four switches 131, 132, 133, 134 and at least one energy storage element 135 are connected, in which a first port of the first switch 131 connects a first port of the third switch 133 and one end of the energy storage element 135, a second port of the third switch 133 connects a first port of the fourth switch 134, a second port of the fourth switch 134 connects the other end of the energy storage element 135 and the second port of the second switch 132, and a first port of the second switch 132 connects the second port of the first switch 131.

[0100] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0101] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 12

[0102] The present embodiment provides a fractal transformer.

[0103] An H-bridge switch and energy storage fractal converter 403, in which the switch and energy storage element of the H-bridge submodule are replaced by the H-bridge submodule at least twice using the fractal converter configuration method described in Example 9; The fractal converter includes at least 25 H-bridge sub-modules and at least four output terminals 431, 432, 433, and 434. Here, as shown in FIG. 4c, the first port of the first H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the second H-bridge submodule and the first port of the third H-bridge submodule respectively, the first port of the second H-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fifth H-bridge submodule respectively, the second port of the fifth H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the third H-bridge submodule and the first port of the fourth H-bridge submodule respectively, and the second port of the fourth H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the first H-bridge submodule; a first port of the sixth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the seventh H-bridge submodule and a first port of the eighth H-bridge submodule, a first port of the seventh H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the tenth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the tenth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the eighth H-bridge submodule and a first port of the ninth H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the ninth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the sixth H-bridge submodule; a first port of the eleventh H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule and a first port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule, a first port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the fifteenth H-bridge submodule, a second port of the fifteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule and a first port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the eleventh H-bridge submodule; a first port of the 16th H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 17th H-bridge submodule and a first port of the 18th H-bridge submodule, a first port of the 17th H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the 20th H-bridge submodule, a second port of the 20th H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 18th H-bridge submodule and a first port of the 19th H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the 19th H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 16th H-bridge submodule; a first port of the 21st H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 22nd H-bridge submodule and a first port of the 23rd H-bridge submodule, a first port of the 22nd H-bridge submodule connects to a first port of the 25th H-bridge submodule, a second port of the 25th H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 23rd H-bridge submodule and a first port of the 24th H-bridge submodule, and a second port of the 24th H-bridge submodule connects to a second port of the 21st H-bridge submodule; the second port of the first H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the sixteenth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the second H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule connects the second port of the twenty-fourth H-bridge submodule, the first port of the seventh H-bridge submodule connects the first port of the twenty-fifth H-bridge submodule; The first output terminal 431 is the first port of the seventh H-bridge submodule, the second output terminal 432 is the second port of the first H-bridge submodule, the third output terminal 433 is the first port of the second H-bridge submodule, and the fourth output terminal 434 is the first port of the seventeenth H-bridge submodule.

[0104] Here, as shown in FIG. 1c, the H-bridge submodule 103 includes an H-bridge structure in which at least four switches 131, 132, 133, 134 and at least one energy storage element 135 are connected, in which a first port of the first switch 131 connects a first port of the third switch 133 and one end of the energy storage element 135, a second port of the third switch 133 connects a first port of the fourth switch 134, a second port of the fourth switch 134 connects the other end of the energy storage element 135 and the second port of the second switch 132, and a first port of the second switch 132 connects the second port of the first switch 131.

[0105] Optionally, the switches include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

[0106] Optionally, the energy storage element may include a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack.

[0107] Optionally, the switches (111, 112, 121, 122, 131, 132, 133, 134, 311, 312, 313, 314, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338) may include IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC or GaN power switch devices.

[0108] Optionally, the energy storage element (113, 123, 124, 135, 211, 212, 213, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235) comprises a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack. Example 13

[0109] The present embodiment provides a fractal transformer.

[0110] The H-bridge switch fractal converter 203 is a fractal converter that is a simplified method for realizing a high-voltage, high-current, high-power inverter (FIG. 5).

[0111] Specifically, based on FIG. 2c, the energy storage elements 231, 232, 233, 234, 235 in the H-bridge switched fractal converter 203 are removed.

[0112] Increasing a small filter inductance of the submodule between a first port of the first H-bridge submodule and a second port of the second H-bridge submodule, increasing a small filter inductance of the submodule between a first port of the third H-bridge submodule and a second port of the fourth H-bridge submodule, increasing a small filter inductance of the submodule between a first port of the fifth H-bridge submodule and a second port of the sixth H-bridge submodule, increasing a small filter inductance of the submodule between a first port of the seventh H-bridge submodule and a second port of the eighth H-bridge submodule, and increasing a small filter inductance of the submodule between a first port of the seventh H-bridge submodule and a second port of the eighth H-bridge submodule. increasing a small filter inductance of the submodule between the first port of the bridge submodule and the second port of the tenth H-bridge submodule, increasing a small filter inductance of the submodule between the first port of the eleventh H-bridge submodule and the second port of the twelfth H-bridge submodule, increasing a small filter inductance of the submodule between the first port of the thirteenth H-bridge submodule and the second port of the fourteenth H-bridge submodule, and increasing a small filter inductance of the submodule between the first port of the fifteenth H-bridge submodule and the second port of the sixteenth H-bridge submodule.

[0113] A resistive inductive load R is connected between the second port of the first H-bridge submodule and the first port of the tenth H-bridge submodule. load and L load is connected, Submodule small filter inductance Lac=50μH, Prepare all submodules in the same SPWM.

[0114] Referring to Figures 2a, 2b, and 2c, these three embodiments disclose three switch fractal converters, including one asymmetric half-bridge switched fractal converter 201, one symmetric half-bridge switched fractal converter 202, and one H-bridge switched fractal converter 203.

[0115] Referring to Figures 3a, 3b, and 3c, these three embodiments disclose three types of energy storage fractal converters, including one asymmetric half-bridge energy storage fractal converter 301, one symmetric half-bridge energy storage fractal converter 302, and one H-bridge energy storage fractal converter 303.

[0116] Referring to Figures 4a, 4b and 4c, these three embodiments disclose three types of switch and energy storing fractal converters, including one asymmetric half-bridge switch and energy storing fractal converter 401, one symmetric half-bridge switch and energy storing fractal converter 402, and one H-bridge switch and energy storing fractal converter 403.

[0117] 5, this embodiment discloses that the H-bridge switch fractal converter 203 realizes a high voltage, high current, and high power inverter scheme. In this embodiment, the additional storage elements 231, 232, 233, 234, and 235 are eliminated, and the small filter inductance L of the sub-module is eliminated. ac = 50μH, prepare all submodules at 10kHz switching frequency using the same preparation method, and the output connection resistance load is R load = 5Ω and L load =5mH.

[0118] Compared with conventional high voltage / high current power converters, this invention can simultaneously achieve high voltage / high current waveform output and uniform distribution of voltage and current between modules, the control method is simple, it is easy to standardize, and multi-port parallel output is possible.

[0119] The asymmetric half-bridge sub-module 101 has three kinds of working modes: positive voltage output, zero voltage output and open circuit mode, where switch 111 or 112 is turned on to be in positive voltage and zero voltage output mode respectively, and all switches are turned off to be in open circuit mode. The voltages of the output ports 114, 115 of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module can be adjusted by controlling and changing the time occupancy of different working modes.

[0120] The symmetric half-bridge sub-module 102 has three kinds of working modes: positive voltage output, negative voltage output and open circuit mode. Here, switch 121 or 122 is turned on to be in positive voltage and negative voltage output mode respectively, and all switches are turned off to be in open circuit mode. By controlling and changing the time occupancy of different working modes, the voltage of the output ports 125, 126 of the symmetric half-bridge sub-module can be adjusted.

[0121] The H-bridge submodule 103 has four kinds of working modes: positive voltage output, negative voltage output, zero voltage output and open circuit mode. Here, two sets of double throw switches 131, 134 or 132, 133 are turned on to be in positive voltage and negative voltage output mode respectively, two up switches 131, 133 or two down switches 132, 134 are turned on to be in zero voltage output mode, and all switches are turned off to be in open circuit mode. By controlling and changing the time occupancy rate of different working modes, the voltage of the output ports 136, 137 of the H-bridge submodule can be adjusted.

[0122] Figure 6a shows the load current i of the H-bridge switched fractal converter. load and voltage v loadFigure 6b shows the simulation waveform diagram of the submodule DC voltage v of the H-bridge switch fractal converter. dc , submodule AC current i ac and the submodule AC voltage v ac The simulation waveform diagram of the above is shown. As can be seen from the diagram, all the sub-modules can be evenly loaded with the load voltage and current, and can simultaneously meet the load voltage, current and power requirements.

[0123] The present invention provides a structural method of a fractal converter and nine kinds of fractal converters, which can be applied to high-power wind, solar, storage, new energy and power generation combination systems, high-voltage AC / DC transmission, medium-voltage power drives, medium-voltage power quality purification devices, solid-state transformers, electric vehicle charging stations, power amplifiers, plasma pulse power supplies, special medical equipment power supplies, electromagnetic gun power supplies, etc. Compared with traditional high-voltage and high-current power converters, the present invention can output any high-voltage and high-current waveform, the system is modularized, the structure is simple and ductile, the voltage and current can be evenly distributed between modules, the control method is simple and easy to standardize, and multi-port parallel output is possible.

[0124] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be modified and changed in various ways. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fractal transformer comprising: the switching and / or energy storage elements of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module are replaced by the same asymmetric half-bridge sub-module itself at least twice, and the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module output ports are maintained in an unchanged configuration; The asymmetric half-bridge sub-module includes at least two switches and at least one energy storage element; a first port of a first switch included in the at least two switches is connected to one end of an energy storage element included in the at least one energy storage element, and the other end of the energy storage element is connected to a second port of a second switch included in the at least two switches, and the first port of the second switch is connected to the second port of the first switch; The inverter has three operation modes, which are a positive voltage mode or a zero voltage output mode when the first switch or the second switch is on, and an open circuit mode when all switches are off; The voltage of the output port is controlled by the time occupancy rate of each of the three types of operation modes.

4. A fractal transformer comprising:

2. The at least two switches include IGBT, MOSFET, SiC or GaN power switching devices.

2. A fractal transformer as claimed in claim 1.

3. The at least one energy storage element includes a capacitor, a lithium battery pack, a lead acid battery pack, or a sodium sulfur battery pack.

2. A fractal transformer as claimed in claim 1.

4. 4. The fractal converter according to claim 1, A fractal converter including at least four asymmetric half-bridge sub-modules, at least three energy storage elements, and at least two output ends, a first energy storage element is provided between the first port of the first asymmetric half-bridge sub-module and the second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, a second energy storage element is provided between the first port of the third asymmetric half-bridge sub-module and the second port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, and a third energy storage element is provided between the second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge sub-module and the second port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; the second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the third asymmetric half-bridge submodule, and the second port of the third asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge submodule; The first output end is a second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, and the second output end is a second port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module.

4. A fractal transformer comprising:

5. 4. The fractal converter according to claim 1, A fractal converter including at least one asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, at least four switches, and at least two outputs, The first port of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connects the first port of the first switch, the second port of the first switch connects the first port of the second switch and the first port of the third switch respectively, the second port of the third switch connects the first port of the fourth switch, the second port of the fourth switch and the second port of the second switch connect the second port of the asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, the first output end is the second port of the third switch, and the second output end is the second port of the fourth switch.

4. A fractal transformer comprising:

6. 4. The fractal converter according to claim 1, A fractal converter including at least nine asymmetric half-bridge sub-modules and at least two outputs, a first port of the first asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule, a second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the third asymmetric half-bridge submodule, and a second port of the third asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge submodule; a first port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the fifth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, a second port of the fifth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a first port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, and a second port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects a second port of the fourth asymmetric half-bridge submodule; the first port of the seventh asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the eighth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, the second port of the eighth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the first port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge submodule, and the second port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge submodule connects the second port of the seventh asymmetric half-bridge submodule; a second port of the second asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connecting to a second port of the fifth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; a second port of the first asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connects to a second port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; a second port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module connects to a second port of the eighth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module; The first output end is the second port of the sixth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module, and the second output end is the second port of the ninth asymmetric half-bridge sub-module.

4. A fractal transformer comprising:

7. A fractal transformer comprising: the switching and / or energy storage elements of the symmetric half-bridge sub-module are replaced by the same symmetric half-bridge sub-module itself at least twice, and the symmetric half-bridge sub-module output ports are maintained in an unchanged configuration; The symmetric half-bridge sub-module includes at least two switches and at least two energy storage elements; a first port of a first switch included in the at least two switches is connected to one end of a first storage element included in the at least two energy storage elements, the other end of the first storage element is connected to one end of a second storage element included in the at least two energy storage elements, the other end of the second storage element is connected to a second port of a second switch included in the at least two switches, and the first port of the second switch is connected to the second port of the first switch; The inverter has three operation modes, which are a positive voltage mode or a zero voltage output mode when the first switch or the second switch is on, and an open circuit mode when all switches are off; The voltage of the output port is controlled by the time occupancy rate of each of the three types of operation modes.

4. A fractal transformer comprising:

8. The at least two switches include IGBT, MOSFET, SiC or GaN power switching devices and are used 8. A fractal converter as claimed in claim 7.

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