Earthmoving Machinery

Abstract

The present invention relates to a civil engineering machine having an undercarriage with a track chassis, a superstructure mounted on the undercarriage so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation, a leader with a linear guide along which a work vehicle with a construction work implement is mounted for movement, and an articulation mechanism for adjustably mounting the leader to the superstructure. According to the present invention, it is proposed that the articulation mechanism comprises a telescopic arm capable of adjusting the distance of the leader relative to the superstructure.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates, according to the preamble of claim 1, to a civil engineering machine comprising a lower running body with a traveling device, an upper structure attached to the lower running body so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation, a leader having a linear guide, along which a work running body with a construction work tool is attached so as to be movable, and an articulation mechanism for adjustably attaching the leader to the upper structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Earth moving machines with leaders are well known and are used, for example, to create driven piles in the ground, to create earth anchors or to insert sheet piles into the ground by vibration or impact. Earth moving machines are used in particular to carry out foundation works for or along buildings.

[0003] The leader essentially constitutes a vertical mast and is formed with a longitudinal guide at its front side. A work vehicle with a construction work implement is mounted so as to be movable along the longitudinal guide. Such a construction machine with a leader is disclosed, for example, in EP 3228382 (B1), where a vibrator is provided as the construction work implement.

[0004] The reader is connected to the mobile carrier device via an articulation mechanism. In EP 3228382 B1, the articulation mechanism has a pivoting lever of a so-called parallelogram arrangement, and the distance between the reader and the carrier device can be adjusted by pivoting the pivoting lever. With this mechanism, a change in the distance between the reader and the carrier device always results in a certain change in the vertical position. This can be compensated for by a holding device that connects the vertical reader vertically adjustably to the parallelogram arrangement of the pivoting lever.

[0005] In certain cases, such foundation works need to be carried out close to or along a railway track. For this purpose, for example, the general European Patent No. 0 392 310 (B1) discloses that the undercarriage of a conventional earthmoving machine can be equipped with wheels that enable it to run on rails. This means that an earthmoving machine thus equipped and modified can run on the track in order to carry out the appropriate earthmoving works from a working position on the track.

[0006] As a rule, such modified earthmoving machines can only travel relatively short distances on the tracks, and in addition, due to the relatively narrow track width on the tracks, the tip-over safety is reduced compared to conventional wheeled or crawler chassis.

[0007] China Patent Publication No. 108505518(A), showing the preamble of claim 1, proposes a horizontally fixed adjustable cylinder for supporting and mounting the reader. The vertical alignment of the reader is corrected by a second telescopic adjustable cylinder. UK Patent Publication No. 1133072(A) also proposes a similar mounting for a reader, where a horizontally fixed actuating cylinder is mechanically actuated.

[0008] EP 1 077 306 A1 discloses a known parallelogram arrangement for supporting a leader with an upper telescopic adjustment cylinder and a lower pivoting support arm of fixed length. JP 2014-025200 A proposes a substantially equivalent mounting for the leader.

[0009] China Utility Model Application Publication No. 211898371(U) proposes mounting the slide block on a boom that can slide horizontally and can be attached to a corresponding machine.

[0010] It is also known to place existing earth-moving machines with wheeled or crawler chassis entirely on rail transport vehicles. With such conventional rail vehicles it is in principle possible to travel on the track over longer distances at higher speeds. However, such placement of conventional earth-moving machines often results in the problem that only relatively small earth-moving machines can be used, in order not to exceed the maximum heights dictated by the overhead lines or the railway tunnel. In addition, placing conventional earth-moving machines on rail transport vehicles increases the center of gravity of the machines above the ground and also reduces tip-over safety. As a result, the working area and possible applications of the earth-moving machines are correspondingly limited. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] European Patent No. 3228382 [Patent Document 2] European Patent No. 0392310 [Patent Document 3] China Patent Application Publication No. 108505518 [Patent Document 4] UK Patent Application Publication No. 1133072 [Patent Document 5] European Patent Application Publication No. 1077306 [Patent Document 6] JP 2014-025200 A [Patent Document 7] China Utility Model Publication No. 211898371 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0012] The underlying object of the invention is to specify a civil engineering machine equipped with a leader with which construction tasks can be carried out particularly efficiently. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] This object is achieved by a construction machine having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0014] The earthmoving machine according to the invention is characterized in that the articulation mechanism comprises a telescopic arm which makes it possible to adjust the distance of the leader relative to the superstructure.

[0015] The basic idea of ​​the invention is to use an articulated mechanism with telescopic arms in an earthmoving machine with a leader, where the telescopic arms are oriented substantially horizontally. The telescopic arms can thus be telescopically extended and retracted to vary the distance between the leader and the superstructure and thus the carrier. In particular, the use of telescopic arms whose length can be varied can replace parallelogram constructions with pivoting levers.

[0016] In addition, the variable-length telescopic arm allows the distance of the leader to be varied without significantly changing the vertical position of the leader. Furthermore, the articulation mechanism can be constructed in a simple and compact manner. This also results in the construction machine having a particularly compact overall design, in particular with a relatively low overall height of the superstructure and the articulation mechanism.

[0017] According to the invention, the leader can be adjusted particularly well if the telescopic arm is pivotally attached to the superstructure about a horizontal pivot axis. In particular, the telescopic arm can be pivotally articulated in the upper region of the superstructure. The telescopic arm or articulation mechanism is connected to the leader in the lower region so that the leader can be folded forward. A pivot cylinder, in particular a hydraulic cylinder, can be provided for pivoting the telescopic arm.

[0018] Another advantageous embodiment variant of the earthmoving machine according to the invention is that the leader is held on the telescopic arm by a holding device, on which the leader is attached so that it can move parallel to its linear guide. The holding device can in particular have a support beam pivotally mounted on the telescopic arm. The leader is preferably mounted so that it can move parallel to its linear guide along the support beam of the holding device. This allows the leader's vertical position and its relative position to the telescopic arm to be easily changed.

[0019] In order to be able to better adjust the reader, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the holding device preferably has a pivot unit by means of which the reader can be pivoted about its pivot axis oriented parallel to its linear guide, so that the reader can be adjusted and positioned about a vertical axis oriented parallel to the linear guide.

[0020] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that a removable connection unit is arranged on the holding device, by means of which the reader can be easily and removably connected to the telescopic arm, so that, when necessary, the reader can be mechanically detached from the telescopic arm and removed therefrom.

[0021] It is particularly advantageous if the removable connection unit can be activated automatically. It is preferable that the connection unit can have a hydraulically actuable holding pin that is adjustable between a locked and an unlocked position. In this way, for example, a slight mechanical decoupling can be achieved between the reader and the telescopic arm when the reader is folded into an approximately horizontal transport position. Existing connection lines, in particular power and / or data lines, can also be disconnected between the reader and the telescopic arm or preferably left as they are. For this purpose, the connection lines can be configured with a corresponding additional length.

[0022] According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the leader can be pivoted from a substantially vertical working position to a substantially horizontal rest position arranged longitudinally in front of the superstructure, so that it is possible to easily fold the leader into the horizontal rest or transport position.

[0023] In this case it is particularly expedient if the reader is placed on the support in a rest position and can be detached from the telescopic arm in its rest position on the support by removing the connection unit from the telescopic arm. The detachment can be carried out partially or completely.

[0024] According to the invention, the undercarriage is configured as a track-constrained undercarriage with running gear having wheels for running on a railway track. By combining the articulation mechanism with the telescopic arm, a track-constrained construction machine can be created with a particularly compact overall height when the leader is folded in. This is particularly advantageous for running along railway tracks which are subject to strict height restrictions with respect to tunnels and existing overhead lines.

[0025] It is particularly advantageous in this case if the support is configured for placing the leader on a transport vehicle. In particular, this transport vehicle can itself be a track-bound transport vehicle with wheels for running on a rail track. The transport vehicle can be coupled to the undercarriage of the earthmoving machine as an auxiliary vehicle. The leader can be placed on the transport vehicle, the connection between the leader and the telescopic arm being completely or partially disconnected and formed only by a connecting line.

[0026] According to a further development of the invention, the telescopic arm can preferably be hydraulically actuated. In this case, a hydraulic cylinder can preferably be arranged in the telescopic arm. To ensure linear guidance of the reader during telescopic arm telescopic movement, the telescopic arm can preferably have an angular, preferably rectangular, cross section. The telescopic arm can be adjusted about a horizontal pivot axis via at least one pivot cylinder and can therefore be tilted relative to the horizontal.

[0027] According to a further embodiment variant of the invention, it is particularly advantageous if the connection unit is mounted so as to be pivotable relative to the telescopic arm. For pivoting, a further actuating cylinder can also be provided on the connection unit. By pivoting the connection unit relative to the telescopic arm, it is possible to ensure that the reader is oriented vertically even when the telescopic arm is arranged at an angle.

[0028] In general, any implement can be attached to the civil engineering machine as a construction work implement. According to one embodiment variant of the invention, it is particularly advantageous for the construction work implement on the carrier to comprise a vibrator, a drill drive, a pile driver, a sheet pile press or a cutter on the working carrier. In particular, the pile driver may comprise an impact unit or a hammer unit.

[0029] The drilling rig can in particular be a drill drive for producing boreholes or foundation piles in the ground, the boreholes being preferably filled with a hardenable mass, in particular concrete. The drilling rig can also be used for inserting drilled or screwed anchors for foundation works.

[0030] A cutter can be used to create a vertical trench in the ground, which can then be filled with hardenable mass to form trench wall segments or a continuous trench wall in the ground. Pile- or plate-shaped foundation elements can be driven into the ground by a vibrator, pile driver, hammer, or sheet pile press.

[0031] The invention is further explained below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments which are illustrated diagrammatically in the drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0032] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a side view of a first earthmoving machine according to the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the earthmoving machine of FIG. 1 having a pivotable superstructure. [Diagram 3] 1 is a schematic top view of an earthmoving machine according to the present invention; [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a side view of the earth-moving machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in a transport position; [Diagram 5] 5 shows a side view of another earthmoving machine according to the invention having a vibrator in the transport position according to FIG. 4; [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a side view of another earth-moving machine according to the invention with a pile driver, in a transport position corresponding to FIGS. 4 and 5 . [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a side view of another earth-moving machine according to the invention having a sheet pile press, in a transport position corresponding to FIGS. 4 to 6; [Figure 8] FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of an earthmoving machine according to the invention in a transport state, with an auxiliary vehicle; [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a top view of the earthmoving machine according to FIG. 8; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0033] A first earth moving machine 10 according to the invention will be described in connection with Figures 1 and 2. For travelling on the railway track 6, the earth moving machine 10 comprises a track-constrained undercarriage 20 having a flat support frame 22 with a chassis 21, at each end of which a bogie 24 is arranged, each having four wheel sets 25 with track wheels 26. The length of the undercarriage 20 may be about 12 to 18 meters, preferably about 15 meters. Each wheel set 25 comprises two wheels. The bogie 24 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 22 around a vertical axis.

[0034] The superstructure 30 with the cab 32 is mounted approximately in the center of the undercarriage 20 so as to be able to rotate about a vertical rotation axis 31. A telescopic arm 42 is mounted on the superstructure 30 so as to be able to adjust its length and to be able to pivot about a horizontal pivot axis 43, which can be pivoted about by at least one actuating cylinder 38, of which preferably two actuating cylinders 38 can be provided. The telescopic arm 42 is part of an articulation mechanism 40, at the free end of which a holding device 46 for holding the reader 50 is arranged via a removable connection unit 45. The holding device 46 can be pivoted by a tilt cylinder 47 between a substantially vertical operating position shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and a substantially horizontal transport position.

[0035] In addition, a pivot unit 48 is arranged on the holding device 46, by means of which a vertical adjustment unit 49 can be pivoted together with the leader 50 about a pivot axis that is vertical in Fig. 1. By means of the vertical adjustment unit 49 the leader 50 can be adjusted in the vertical direction or in the longitudinal direction of the leader 50 via a vertical support 52.

[0036] A drive unit for driving the civil engineering machine 10, not shown in Figures 1 and 2, is substantially arranged in the receiving space 23 on the support frame 22 of the undercarriage 20. This drive unit serves both as a travel drive device of the undercarriage 20 for automatic travel, as a role for adjusting the upper structure 30 and the articulation mechanism 40, and as a role for operating the construction work implement 70 of the leader 50.

[0037] According to Figures 1 and 2, a linear guide 54 is formed on the front side of the vertical support 52 of the leader 50, along which a work platform 60 with a construction work implement 70 is mounted so as to be vertically adjustable. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the construction work implement 70 is configured to drill holes. For this purpose, a drill drive 72 is attached to the work platform 60. The drill drive 72 drives in rotation a Kelly bar 71 suspended from the leader 50 via a cable. A drilling tool 73 is removably attached to the lower end of the Kelly bar 71.

[0038] To carry out construction works along the railway track 6, the construction work implement 70, together with the superstructure 30, is pivoted outwards, usually by about 30°-60°, in individual cases up to 90°, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2, around the vertical axis of rotation 31. To ensure the tilting stability of the earthmoving machine 10, a lateral support system 27 having pivot carriers 28 pivotable laterally outwards is arranged on the undercarriage 20. At the free end of each pivot carrier 28, a vertically extendable support 29 is arranged. This allows the vertical support 29 to be supported on the ground or on a prepared support element 8. In addition, at the lower end of the vertical support 52 of the leader 50, an optional hydraulically extendable support foot 58 can be arranged, which allows the leader to be supported directly on the ground.

[0039] Figure 3 shows diagrammatically the possible working or adjustment range of the earthmoving machine 10 according to Figures 1 and 2. The unhatched area within the inner radius R1 indicates the working area in which the leader 50 is held only by the telescopic arm 42 of the articulation mechanism 40. In the hatched working area between the inner radius R1 and the outer radius R2, the leader 50 has to be supported on the ground by the support feet 58.

[0040] Depending on the respective running position of the earthmoving machine 10 along the railway track 6, the rotational position of the superstructure 30 about the vertical rotation axis 31, the support of the leader 50 with the support foot 58 and the extended position of the telescopic arm 42, a working area of ​​a distance corresponding to the maximum outer radius R2 can thus be reliably worked along the track.

[0041] FIG. 4 shows the first transport position of the earthmoving machine 10 according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. In this transport position, the superstructure 30 is oriented longitudinally relative to the undercarriage 20. The telescopic arms 42 of the articulation mechanism 40 are extended axially. At the same time, the tilt cylinders 47 are extended in such a way that the leader 50 is arranged approximately horizontally, tilted at an angle to the horizontal. In this transport position, the leader 50 is thus arranged substantially in a lying position in front of the actual undercarriage 20. If necessary, the masthead 56 of the leader 50 can be folded by means of the folding cylinders 57, so that the overall height H of the track-constrained earthmoving machine 10 in the transport position can be further reduced to the maximum height permissible for rail transport. Advantageously, this is possible when the operation of the construction work implement 70 does not require rope guidance via a pulley arranged at the masthead. In this state, particularly short distances can be traveled at low speed, for example within the construction site, so that the first transport position is also called the offset position.

[0042] Figure 5 shows a further civil engineering machine 10 according to the invention in the transport position according to Figure 4, which corresponds substantially to the machine described above, but with a vibrator 74 adjustably mounted on the leader 50 as construction work implement 70. The vibrator 74 has in particular a rotationally drivable unbalanced mass which can generate targeted vibrations, for example for driving sheet piles into the ground.

[0043] Figure 6 shows another earth-moving machine 10 according to the invention in the transport position according to figures 4 and 5, the construction work implement 70 comprising a pile driver 76. The pile driver 76 can be used to apply targeted impact pulses for driving beams or piles into the ground.

[0044] Referring to Figure 7, another civil engineering machine 10 according to the present invention is shown in a transport position corresponding to Figures 4 to 6, with a sheet pile press 78 for pushing sheet piles into the ground being attached to the leader 50 as a construction work tool 70.

[0045] 8 and 9 show the earthmoving machine 10 according to the invention in another transport position, which is particularly suitable for traveling longer distances at higher speeds. For this purpose, the earthmoving machine 10 with the track-constrained undercarriage 20 is equipped with an auxiliary vehicle 80 which can be removably coupled to the undercarriage 20. In this case, the earthmoving machine 10 and the auxiliary vehicle 80 can be integrated into a train consist with an external drive unit, such as a locomotive, for example, or can be driven exclusively by an external drive, such as a locomotive. The upper side of the auxiliary vehicle 80 can be formed as a support 82 for the leader 50.

[0046] To place it, the leader 50 is preferably brought into a substantially horizontal position by the articulation mechanism 40 of the superstructure 30 after it has been pivoted 90° along an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the leader by the pivoting means 48, and placed directly on the support 82 of the auxiliary vehicle 80, or, preferably, after it has been pivoted 90° to the side and placed on the support 82. This pivoting of 90° is preferably performed with the mast in a vertical position. The connection unit 45 between the telescopic arm 42 and the holding device 46 of the articulation mechanism 40 can then be removed. The telescopic arm 42 can then be retracted again. Optionally or in addition to this, the placed leader 50 can be moved laterally and / or in the track direction on the auxiliary vehicle 80 in order to bring the center of gravity of the unit of leader 50 and working vehicle 60 as close as possible to the center of the auxiliary vehicle 80. The masthead 56 can be folded so that it does not protrude laterally beyond the width of the auxiliary vehicle 80. This allows the connection line 66 to remain intact between the telescopic arm 42 on the superstructure 30 and the reader 50 placed on the auxiliary vehicle 80. The connection line may be a power line and / or a data line. This allows the reader 50 to be almost automatically reconnected to the superstructure when reaching another construction site by extending the telescopic arm 42 and closing the connection unit 45, without the need to re-establish the connection line 66 before starting work.

[0047] The construction machines 10 shown in Figs. 1 to 9 differ greatly in the type of construction work implement 70 they use, but basically have the same structure.

Claims

1. an undercarriage including a chassis; an upper structure attached to the undercarriage so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation, the upper structure having a cab; A leader having a linear guide, the leader having a work vehicle having a construction work tool attached thereto so as to be movable along the linear guide; an articulation mechanism adjustably attaching the leader to the superstructure; A civil engineering machine comprising: The joint mechanism comprises: a telescopic arm having a horizontal pivot shaft at one end and a free end at the other end, the horizontal pivot shaft being disposed above the cab; a holding device disposed at the free end and pivotable relative to the telescopic arm for holding the reader and pivoting the reader between a vertical position and a horizontal position; Equipped with the leader is held only by the holding device, and the distance of the leader relative to the upper structure can be adjusted by telescopic extension and retraction of the substantially horizontally oriented telescopic arm without substantially changing the vertical position of the leader; the undercarriage is configured as a track-constrained undercarriage having wheels for traveling on a railway track, In a transport position when traveling on the railway track, the telescoping arm is oriented substantially horizontally and extends axially from the horizontal pivot axis; The holding device positions the leader in a horizontal position in front of the undercarriage. A civil engineering machine characterized by:

2. 2. A civil engineering machine according to claim 1, a vertical adjustment unit is attached to the holding device such that the reader is movable parallel to its linear guide; A civil engineering machine characterized by:

3. 3. A civil engineering machine according to claim 2, The holding device comprises a pivot unit, by means of which the reader can be pivoted about a pivot axis of the reader oriented parallel to the linear guide of the reader. A civil engineering machine characterized by:

4. 3. A civil engineering machine according to claim 2, The holding device is arranged at the free end of the telescopic arm via a removable connection unit, by means of which the reader can be easily and removably connected to the telescopic arm. A civil engineering machine characterized by:

5. A civil engineering machine according to claim 4, When the reader is detached from the telescopic arm, the connecting line between the reader and the telescopic arm maintains a connected state, and the detachable connecting unit can be automatically operated. A civil engineering machine characterized by:

6. A civil engineering machine according to claim 5, the reader is placed on a support in the transport position; By removing the connection unit, the reader can be removed from the telescopic arm onto the support. A civil engineering machine characterized by:

7. 7. A civil engineering machine according to claim 6, The support is configured for placing the reader on a transport vehicle. A civil engineering machine characterized by:

8. 2. A civil engineering machine according to claim 1, The telescopic arm can be hydraulically actuated. A civil engineering machine characterized by:

9. A civil engineering machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, The construction work implement includes a vibrator, a drill drive, a pile driver, a sheet pile press, or a cutter on the work vehicle. A civil engineering machine characterized by:

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