Exterior wall structure and exterior wall panels for wooden buildings

Abstract

To obtain technical means that are easy to manufacture and manage inventory, have a short delivery time, and are also excellent in earthquake resistance and airtightness, with regard to the improvement of outer wall panels that seal openings between frameworks of wooden buildings having heat insulation, earthquake resistance, and airtightness.SOLUTION: An outer wall panel 1 comprises an outer frame material 2 and an inner frame material 3 fixed to a periphery of a face plate 4 and its outdoor and indoor side surfaces, heat insulating material 6 laminated to the outdoor side of face plate 4, and a stop plate 5 attached to an outer surface 2a of the outer frame material 2. The stop plate 5 is wider than a thickness of the outer frame material 2, and its wider part protrudes outward from the outer frame material 2 in a direction of the wall surface, and the protruding part is attached to a pillar or a horizontal member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This invention relates to an improvement to an exterior wall panel structure proposed by the applicant in Patent Document 1, which has thermal insulation, earthquake resistance and airtightness and which closes openings between frameworks of a wooden building. [Background technology]

[0002] Due to national guidance, even traditional Japanese wooden buildings are now required to have high levels of insulation, earthquake resistance, and airtightness. Structures that provide insulation to the exterior walls of buildings include those in which exterior panels with laminated insulation material are attached to the exterior of the framework formed by pillars and cross members (foundations, beams, girders, lintels), those in which exterior wall panels with laminated insulation material are fixed to openings between the framework, and those in which additional insulating walls are provided on the outside of the pillars.

[0003] In order to shorten construction time and reduce the on-site work burden, it has become common to produce framework members such as columns and beams, as well as exterior wall panels that cover openings between the framework, in factories to shorten and reduce the number of on-site work processes. By producing them in factories, the columns, cross members, and exterior wall panels can be cut to precise dimensions, so even workers with little experience can build buildings to precise dimensions in a short construction period.

[0004] Traditional wooden frame construction includes the large wall method, which uses exterior wall panels based on the dimensions of the columns. Conventional exterior wall panels have a thickness equal to the depth of the columns (dimension in the wall thickness direction), and insulation is layered on the interior or indoor side of the panel's face plate. Therefore, the thickness of the insulation is thinner than the dimension obtained by subtracting the thickness of the face plate from the column dimension. The space created between the interior panel and the insulation when an interior panel is attached to the indoor side of the panel is used as space for piping and wiring.

[0005] Regarding the insulation of exterior walls, under national guidance, there are eight insulation region classifications, and the material and thickness of the insulation material to be installed on exterior walls is determined by the insulation grade for each region classification. In warm regions, thinner insulation material is sufficient, while thicker insulation is required in cold regions.

[0006] In standard houses with 3.5-inch and 4-inch square pillars used in the framework of wooden houses, the wall thickness is limited by the depth of the pillars, which means that it is not possible to provide a filling layer of the required thickness for the exterior wall panels, and if the insulation is made thicker, it will protrude beyond the interior side of the exterior wall panels, making it impossible to secure space for interior panels or wiring and piping. Also, in structures where additional insulation walls are provided on the outside of the pillars, the exterior walls will sag, causing cracks and water leaks, and there are problems with extremely high construction and technical costs.

[0007] In Patent Document 1, the applicant of the present application proposed an insulated earthquake-resistant structure for wooden houses with excellent insulation, soundproofing, and earthquake resistance, which does not require additional insulation work, and which allows the thickness of the insulation material installed within the exterior wall panels to be adjusted without being restricted by the dimensions of the pillars, and therefore allows the installation of insulation material according to the insulation performance determined by each regional classification and insulation grade.

[0008] 3 and 4 show the insulated earthquake-resistant structure proposed in Patent Document 1, in which an exterior wall panel 1 is fitted and fixed into an opening in a framework consisting of columns 7 and cross members 8 that form the framework. The exterior wall panel 1 comprises a face panel 4 having rigidity such as structural plywood or laminated material, frame members 2 and 3 fixed to the periphery of the indoor and outdoor faces, and a heat insulating material 6. Necessary partition posts 15 and 16 are fixed to the face panel 4.

[0009] The thickness (dimension f in the wall thickness direction) of the exterior wall panel 1 is made larger than the dimension e in the wall thickness direction of the pillar 7 by increasing the dimensions in the wall thickness direction of the outer frame material 2 and the studs 15, 16. This makes it possible to adjust the maximum thickness of the insulation material 6 that can be installed on the outdoor side of the exterior wall panel to suit each region, and it can be used for homes in regions with different energy conservation standards without having to install additional insulation walls on the outside of the pillars 7 or exterior wall panel 1.

[0010] 3 and 4, the dimensions of the inner frame material 3 and studs 16 in the wall thickness direction are increased so that they protrude beyond the indoor surface of the studs 7, securing space s inside the face plate 4 of the exterior wall panel for piping and wiring. Also, the face plate 4 is sandwiched between the frame materials 2 and 3, and studs 15, 16, which have a large depth dimension according to the thickness of the insulation material 6 formed on the outdoor side of the face plate 4, are fixed to the face plate 4, so that the frame material, face plate, and insulation are integrated to provide a strong structure with high earthquake resistance and insulation.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner frame material 3 is provided with through holes 13 (FIG. 4) that connect the indoor space s shown in FIG. 3 with the room, thereby preventing corrosion due to condensation and humidity inside the exterior wall panel 1.

[0012] Patent Document 2 discloses an exterior wall panel with insulating and earthquake resistance, in which a frame body has a face panel on one side, an insulating material is provided on the opposite side, and a reinforcing member on the insulating material is connected to the frame body with a connecting member. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0013] [Patent Document 1] JP 2019-173534 A [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-046742 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0014] According to the insulated earthquake-resistant structure proposed in Patent Document 1, the thickness of the insulation material 6 can be changed by using frame members 7, 8 of conventional dimensions and without providing additional insulation material to the exterior materials, thereby obtaining wooden houses with the insulation performance required for each regional division.

[0015] However, because the thickness of the insulation material 6 of the exterior wall panel 1 is determined by the depth dimension of the outer frame material 2, exterior wall panels with different depth dimensions of the outer frame material 2 must be prepared for each insulation area classification, resulting in problems such as longer delivery times and increased inventory costs and inventory management costs.

[0016] An object of the present invention is to provide a technical means for solving the above problems and for constructing a stronger exterior wall having superior earthquake resistance and airtightness. [Means for solving the problem]

[0017] The exterior wall structure of a wooden building of the present invention, which solves the above-mentioned problems, comprises a plurality of pillars 7 erected on the exterior wall portion, and an exterior wall panel 1 including insulating material 6 fitted and fixed between adjacent pillars.

[0018] The exterior wall panel 1 comprises a face plate 4, an exterior frame material 2 fixed integrally to the periphery of its outdoor surface, and an inner frame material 3 fixed integrally to the periphery of its indoor surface, a heat insulating material 6 laminated on the outdoor side of the face plate 4, and a retaining plate 5 attached to the outer surface 2a of the exterior frame material 2. The retaining plate 5 is wider than the thickness of the exterior frame material 2, and the wider part protrudes from the exterior frame material 2 outward in the wall surface direction, i.e., in the direction where the columns 7 and cross members 8 are present.

[0019] The heat insulating material 6 is laminated in the portion surrounded by the outer frame material 2 and the retaining plate 5 of the face plate 4, and the thickness d of the retaining plate 5 is the thickness g of the heat insulating material minus the dimension a in the wall thickness direction of the outer frame material 2. Therefore, the outer surface of the heat insulating material 6 and the outer surface of the retaining plate 5 are flush with each other.

[0020] The exterior wall panel 1 is fitted from the outside between two pillars 7 before the heat insulating material 6 is attached, and the pillars 7 and the outer frame material 2 are fastened by nailing or the like, and the pillars 7 and the retaining plate 5 are further fastened by nailing or the like to be fixed.

[0021] The outer surface 2a of the outer frame material 2 of the fixed exterior wall panel is flush with the outer surface of the column 7. Therefore, if the thickness c of the face panel 4 plus the dimensions a and b of the outer frame material 2 and the inner frame material 3 in the wall thickness direction are made equal to the dimension e in the wall thickness direction of the column 7, the inner end face of the inner frame material 3 and the inner surface of the column 7 will be flush with each other.

[0022] The exterior material 11 is attached by fastening to the outer surfaces of the heat insulating material 6 and the retaining plate 5, which are flush with each other, and the interior material 12 is attached by fastening to the inner surfaces of the inner frame material 3 and the pillar 7, which are flush with each other. Effect of the Invention

[0023] This invention not only solves the problem of having to prepare exterior wall panels with different dimensions in the wall thickness direction of the outer frame material for each insulation area division, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and inventory costs, but also has the effect of allowing the exterior wall panels to be more firmly bonded to the pillars and cross members, resulting in a wooden house with excellent earthquake resistance and higher airtightness. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] A cross-sectional view showing an example of an exterior wall structure fitted between frameworks. [Diagram 2] Vertical cross-sectional view [Diagram 3] Cross-sectional view showing the exterior wall structure described in Patent Document 1 [Figure 4] Vertical cross-sectional view DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0025] Figures 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention, and like members are given like reference numerals as in Figures 3 and 4 showing the conventional structure. The improvement over the conventional structure is that a retaining plate 5 of the same length as the outer frame material 2 and with a thickness d equivalent to the difference between the thickness of the insulation material 6 and the depth dimension of the outer frame material 2 is attached to the outer surface 2a of the outer frame material 2 of the exterior wall panel 1 which is fitted into the opening between the frame members, with the outer surface 2a of the outer frame material 2 being flush with the outer surfaces 7a of the frame members 7, 8.

[0026] The exterior wall panel 1 of this invention is manufactured by fastening an outer frame material 2 and an inner frame material 3, which have a depth dimension that is smaller than the standard thickness of the insulation material in, for example, the warmest region by a minimum thickness determined based on the strength of the stop plate 5, to a face plate 4. The depth dimension of the inner frame material 3 may be determined by subtracting the thickness of the face plate 4 and the above-specified depth dimension of the outer frame material 2 from the depth dimension of 3.5 sun or 4 sun of the frame material of a standard house.

[0027] Once the construction area for the house has been decided, the required thickness g of the insulation material 6 is also determined, so a stop plate 5 is prepared to match the length of the outer frame material 2, and its thickness is calculated by subtracting the depth dimension a of the outer frame material determined above from the thickness g of the insulation material, and its width is wider than the width of the outer frame material 2 so that it can be attached to the frame material. The stop plate is fastened to the outer surface 2a of the outer frame material 2 by nailing or the like and fitted into the opening between the frame members from the outside. The inner frame material 3 is nailed 17 to the frame members 7, 8, and then the stop plate 5 is further nailed 18 to the frame members 7, 8, and the exterior material 11 is attached.

[0028] An exterior wall constructed in this way can be fitted with insulation material of a thickness appropriate to the region, providing sufficient insulation for a wooden house, while also ensuring sufficient space s for piping and wiring inside the exterior wall panel, and since the connections between the frame members 7, 8 and the exterior wall panel 1, which was previously only achieved by fastening the frame members 2, 3 to the frame members 7, 8, and the stop plate 5 to the frame members 7, 8 are now added, increasing rigidity and seismic resistance. Furthermore, the stop plate 5 closes the gap between the frame members 7, 8 and the exterior wall panel 1, improving airtightness.

[0029] In addition, while in the example of Figures 3 and 4 the inner frame material 3 protrudes from the inner surfaces of the frame materials 7 and 8, in the example of Figures 1 and 2 the inner surface 7b of the inner frame material 3 is flush with the frame materials 7 and 8, and while in the example of Figures 3 and 4 a through hole 13 is provided in the inner frame material 3, in the example of Figures 1 and 2 no such through hole is provided. These are merely differences in form and function for each form and are not essential differences between the conventional structure and the structure of this invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0030] 1. Exterior wall panels 2 Outer frame material 2a Outer surface of outer frame 3 Inner frame material 4 face plate 5 Stop plate 6. Insulation 7 Pillars 8 Cross members a Dimension of the outer frame material in the wall thickness direction d Thickness of stop plate g Insulation thickness

Claims

1. An exterior wall panel is provided which is fitted and fixed between a column erected on the exterior wall portion and an adjacent column, The exterior wall panel is a heat-insulating earthquake-resistant structure for a wooden building that includes a face plate, an outer frame material attached integrally to the periphery of its outdoor surface, an inner frame material attached integrally to the periphery of its indoor surface, and a heat insulating material attached to the outdoor side of the face plate. An exterior wall structure of a wooden building, comprising a retaining plate attached to the outer surface of the outer frame material and protruding outward in the surface direction of the exterior wall, the retaining plate having a thickness obtained by subtracting the dimension of the outer frame material in the wall thickness direction from the thickness of the insulation material provided on the outside of the face plate.

2. 2. An exterior wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the thickness of the face plate and the dimension in the wall thickness direction of the frame material fixed to both sides of the face plate is the same as the dimension in the wall thickness direction of the frame material.

3. An exterior wall panel for a wooden building includes a rectangular panel, a frame material integrally fixed to the periphery of both sides of the panel, and a heat insulating material laminated on the portion of one side of the panel that is surrounded by the frame material. An exterior wall panel for a wooden building, comprising a stopper plate fixed to the surface of the opposite panel of the frame material on said one side and protruding outward in the face direction of said panel, the thickness of said stopper plate plus the dimension perpendicular to the face of said frame material on said one side being equal to the thickness of said insulation material.

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